cosmopolitan/tool/net/help.txt

SYNOPSIS

  redbean.com [-hvduzmbagf] [-p PORT] [-- SCRIPTARGS...]

DESCRIPTION

  redbean - single-file distributable web server

OVERVIEW

  redbean makes it possible to share web applications that run offline
  as a single-file Actually Portable Executable PKZIP archive which
  contains your assets. All you need to do is download the redbean.com
  program below, change the filename to .zip, add your content in a zip
  editing tool, and then change the extension back to .com.

  redbean can serve 1 million+ gzip encoded responses per second on a
  cheap personal computer. That performance is thanks to zip and gzip
  using the same compression format, which enables kernelspace copies.
  Another reason redbean goes fast is that it's a tiny static binary,
  which makes fork memory paging nearly free.

  redbean is also easy to modify to suit your own needs. The program
  itself is written as a single .c file. It embeds the Lua programming
  language and SQLite which let you write dynamic pages.

FLAGS

  -h        help
  -d        daemonize
  -u        uniprocess
  -z        print port
  -m        log messages
  -b        log message bodies
  -a        log resource usage
  -g        log handler latency
  -f        log worker function calls
  -B        use stronger cryptography
  -s        increase silence                  [repeatable]
  -v        increase verbosity                [repeatable]
  -V        increase ssl verbosity            [repeatable]
  -H K:V    sets http header globally         [repeatable]
  -D DIR    overlay assets in local directory [repeatable]
  -r /X=/Y  redirect X to Y                   [repeatable]
  -R /X=/Y  rewrites X to Y                   [repeatable]
  -K PATH   tls private key path              [repeatable]
  -C PATH   tls certificate(s) path           [repeatable]
  -t MS     tunes read and write timeouts     [def. 60000]
  -M INT    tunes max message payload size    [def. 65536]
  -p PORT   listen port                       [def. 8080; repeatable]
  -l ADDR   listen addr                       [def. 0.0.0.0; repeatable]
  -c SEC    configures static cache-control
  -L PATH   log file location
  -P PATH   pid file location
  -U INT    daemon set user id
  -G INT    daemon set group id

FEATURES

  - Lua v5.4
  - SQLite 3.35.5
  - TLS v1.2 / v1.1 / v1.0
  - HTTP v1.1 / v1.0 / v0.9
  - Chromium-Zlib Compression
  - Statusz Monitoring Statistics
  - Self-Modifying PKZIP Object Store
  - Linux + Windows + Mac + FreeBSD + OpenBSD + NetBSD

USAGE

  This executable is also a ZIP file that contains static assets.
  You can run redbean interactively in your terminal as follows:

    ./redbean.com -vvvmbag        # starts server verbosely
    open http://127.0.0.1:8080/   # shows zip listing page
    CTRL-C                        # 1x: graceful shutdown
    CTRL-C                        # 2x: forceful shutdown

  You can override the default listing page by adding:

    zip redbean.com index.lua     # lua server pages take priority
    zip redbean.com index.html    # default page for directory

  The listing page only applies to the root directory. However the
  default index page applies to subdirectories too. In order for it
  to work, there needs to be an empty directory entry in the zip.
  That should already be the default practice of your zip editor.

    wget                     \
      --mirror               \
      --convert-links        \
      --adjust-extension     \
      --page-requisites      \
      --no-parent            \
      --no-if-modified-since \
      http://a.example/index.html
    zip -r redbean.com a.example/  # default page for directory

  redbean normalizes the trailing slash for you automatically:

    $ printf 'GET /a.example HTTP/1.0\n\n' | nc 127.0.0.1 8080
    HTTP/1.0 307 Temporary Redirect
    Location: /a.example/

  Virtual hosting is accomplished this way too. The Host is simply
  prepended to the path, and if it doesn't exist, it gets removed.

    $ printf 'GET / HTTP/1.1\nHost:a.example\n\n' | nc 127.0.0.1 8080
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Link: <http://127.0.0.1/a.example/index.html>; rel="canonical"

  If you mirror a lot of websites within your redbean then you can
  actually tell your browser that redbean is your proxy server, in
  which redbean will act as your private version of the Internet.

    $ printf 'GET http://a.example HTTP/1.0\n\n' | nc 127.0.0.1 8080
    HTTP/1.0 200 OK
    Link: <http://127.0.0.1/a.example/index.html>; rel="canonical"

  If you use a reverse proxy, then redbean recognizes the following
  provided that the proxy forwards requests over the local network:

    X-Forwarded-For: 203.0.113.42:31337
    X-Forwarded-Host: foo.example:80

  There's a text/plain statistics page called /statusz that makes
  it easy to track and monitor the health of your redbean:

    printf 'GET /statusz\n\n' | nc 127.0.0.1 8080

  redbean will display an error page using the /redbean.png logo
  by default, embedded as a bas64 data uri. You can override the
  custom page for various errors by adding files to the zip root.

    zip redbean.com 404.html      # custom not found page

  Audio video content should not be compressed in your ZIP files.
  Uncompressed assets enable browsers to send Range HTTP request.
  On the other hand compressed assets are best for gzip encoding.

    zip redbean.com index.html    # adds file
    zip -0 redbean.com video.mp4  # adds without compression

  You can have redbean run as a daemon by doing the following:

    sudo ./redbean.com -vvdp80 -p443 -L redbean.log -P redbean.pid
    kill -TERM $(cat redbean.pid) # 1x: graceful shutdown
    kill -TERM $(cat redbean.pid) # 2x: forceful shutdown

  redbean currently has a 32kb limit on request messages and 64kb
  including the payload. redbean will grow to whatever the system
  limits allow. Should fork() or accept() fail redbean will react
  by going into "meltdown mode" which closes lingering workers.
  You can trigger this at any time using:

    kill -USR2 $(cat redbean.pid)

  Another failure condition is running out of disk space in which
  case redbean reacts by truncating the log file. Lastly, redbean
  does the best job possible reporting on resource usage when the
  logger is in debug mode noting that NetBSD is the best at this.

  Your redbean is an actually portable executable, that's able to
  run on six different operating systems. To do that, it needs to
  overwrite its own MZ header at startup, with ELF or Mach-O, and
  then puts the original back once the program loads. If you want
  your redbean to follow the platform-local executable convention
  then delete the /.ape file from zip.

  redbean contains software licensed ISC, MIT, BSD-2, BSD-3, zlib
  which makes it a permissively licensed gift to anyone who might
  find it useful. The transitive closure of legalese can be found
  inside the binary. redbean also respects your privacy and won't
  phone home because your computer is its home.

SECURITY

  redbean uses a protocol polyglot for serving HTTP and HTTPS on
  the same port numbers. For example, both of these are valid:

    http://127.0.0.1:8080/
    https://127.0.0.1:8080/

  The easiest way to use a self-signed certificate is to provide
  redbean with a key-signing key:

    openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 \
      -keyout .ca.key -out .ca.crt -days 6570 -nodes \
      -subj '/C=US/ST=CA/O=Jane Doe/CN=My Root CA 1' \
      -addext 'keyUsage = critical,cRLSign,keyCertSign'
    sudo ./redbean.com -C ca.crt -K .ca.key -p 80 -p 443

  SSL verbosity is controlled as follows for troubleshooting:

    -V       log ssl errors
    -VV      log ssl state changes too
    -VVV     log ssl informational messages too
    -VVVV    log ssl verbose details too

  That's in addition to existing flags like -vvvm.

SEE ALSO

  https://justine.lol/redbean/index.html
  https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26271117