Make more fixes and improvements

- Remove PAGESIZE constant
- Fix realloc() documentation
- Fix ttyname_r() error reporting
- Make forking more reliable on Windows
- Make execvp() a few microseconds faster
- Make system() a few microseconds faster
- Tighten up the socket-related magic numbers
- Loosen restrictions on mmap() offset alignment
- Improve GetProgramExecutableName() with getenv("_")
- Use mkstemp() as basis for mktemp(), tmpfile(), tmpfd()
- Fix flakes in pthread_cancel_test, unix_test, fork_test
- Fix recently introduced futex stack overflow regression
- Let sockets be passed as stdio to subprocesses on Windows
- Improve security of bind() on Windows w/ SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE

libc/calls/dup.c

@@ -30,6 +30,17 @@
  * The `O_CLOEXEC` flag shall be cleared from the resulting file
  * descriptor; see dup3() to preserve it.
  *
+ * One use case for duplicating file descriptors is to be able to
+ * reassign an open()'d file or pipe() to the stdio of an executed
+ * subprocess. On Windows, in order for this to work, the subprocess
+ * needs to be a Cosmopolitan program that has socket() linked.
+ *
+ * Only small programs should duplicate sockets. That's because this
+ * implementation uses DuplicateHandle() on Windows, which Microsoft
+ * says might cause its resources to leak internally. Thus it likely
+ * isn't a good idea to design a server that does it a lot and lives
+ * a long time, without contributing a patch to this implementation.
+ *
  * @param fd remains open afterwards
  * @return some arbitrary new number for fd
  * @raise EPERM if pledge() is in play without stdio