diff --git a/build/bootstrap/ape.aarch64 b/build/bootstrap/ape.aarch64
index 27fd3d7fb..832fb1ad1 100755
Binary files a/build/bootstrap/ape.aarch64 and b/build/bootstrap/ape.aarch64 differ
diff --git a/build/bootstrap/ape.elf b/build/bootstrap/ape.elf
index 6a87fd728..5ffffe84b 100755
Binary files a/build/bootstrap/ape.elf and b/build/bootstrap/ape.elf differ
diff --git a/build/bootstrap/ape.macho b/build/bootstrap/ape.macho
index 42b153c6a..d6d22567b 100755
Binary files a/build/bootstrap/ape.macho and b/build/bootstrap/ape.macho differ
diff --git a/build/bootstrap/fixupobj b/build/bootstrap/fixupobj
index f63a77fee..ae7d39a9e 100755
Binary files a/build/bootstrap/fixupobj and b/build/bootstrap/fixupobj differ
diff --git a/examples/crashreport2.cc b/examples/crashreport2.cc
index 06bb92548..d57f3bdea 100644
--- a/examples/crashreport2.cc
+++ b/examples/crashreport2.cc
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 
@@ -18,6 +19,17 @@ void crash(long x0, long x1, long x2,  //
 void (*pCrash)(long, long, long, double, double, double) = crash;
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+  // // by default we launch an addr2line subprocess to print backtraces
+  // // with line numbers. you can force it to use the embedded solution
+  // setenv("ADDR2LINE", "", true);
+
+  // // using a seccomp sandbox is another way to force embedded backtraces
+  // pledge("stdio", NULL);
+
+  // enable the crash reporting feature
   ShowCrashReports();
+
+  // time to die
   pCrash(1, 2, 3, NAN, NAN, NAN);
 }
diff --git a/libc/calls/pledge.c b/libc/calls/pledge.c
index 3ce335cfd..f56af95fa 100644
--- a/libc/calls/pledge.c
+++ b/libc/calls/pledge.c
@@ -24,11 +24,13 @@
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/promises.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/vendor.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/symbols.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/pr.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
@@ -199,22 +201,22 @@
  * `__pledge_mode` is available to improve the experience of pledge() on
  * Linux. It should specify one of the following penalties:
  *
+ * - `PLEDGE_PENALTY_RETURN_EPERM` causes system calls to just return an
+ *   `EPERM` error instead of killing. This is the default on Linux.
+ *   This is a gentler solution that allows code to display a friendly
+ *   warning. Please note this may lead to weird behaviors if the
+ *   software being sandboxed is lazy about checking error results.
+ *
  * - `PLEDGE_PENALTY_KILL_THREAD` causes the violating thread to be
- *   killed. This is the default on Linux. It's effectively the same as
- *   killing the process, since redbean has no threads. The termination
- *   signal can't be caught and will be either `SIGSYS` or `SIGABRT`.
- *   Consider enabling stderr logging below so you'll know why your
- *   program failed. Otherwise check the system log.
+ *   killed. It's effectively the same as killing the process, since
+ *   redbean has no threads. The termination signal can't be caught and
+ *   will be either `SIGSYS` or `SIGABRT`. Consider enabling stderr
+ *   logging below so you'll know why your program failed. Otherwise
+ *   check the system log.
  *
  * - `PLEDGE_PENALTY_KILL_PROCESS` causes the process and all its
  *   threads to be killed. This is always the case on OpenBSD.
  *
- * - `PLEDGE_PENALTY_RETURN_EPERM` causes system calls to just return an
- *   `EPERM` error instead of killing. This is a gentler solution that
- *   allows code to display a friendly warning. Please note this may
- *   lead to weird behaviors if the software being sandboxed is lazy
- *   about checking error results.
- *
  * `mode` may optionally bitwise or the following flags:
  *
  * - `PLEDGE_STDERR_LOGGING` enables friendly error message logging
@@ -240,6 +242,8 @@
 int pledge(const char *promises, const char *execpromises) {
   int e, rc;
   unsigned long ipromises, iexecpromises;
+  if (_weaken(GetSymbolTable))
+    _weaken(GetSymbolTable)();
   if (!promises) {
     // OpenBSD says NULL argument means it doesn't change, i.e.
     // pledge(0,0) on OpenBSD does nothing. The Cosmopolitan Libc
diff --git a/libc/intrin/promises.c b/libc/intrin/promises.c
index f549c6db3..a04f9cd8a 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/promises.c
+++ b/libc/intrin/promises.c
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@
 
 // XXX: should be inherited thread local
 //      see also sys_pledge_linux() which is 100% pure
-int __pledge_mode;
+int __pledge_mode = PLEDGE_PENALTY_RETURN_EPERM;
 unsigned long __promises;
 unsigned long __execpromises;
diff --git a/libc/intrin/x86.h b/libc/intrin/x86.h
index 26093109e..8608454f2 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/x86.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/x86.h
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
 enum VendorSignatures {
-  SIG_INTEL = 0x756e6547,  // Genu
-  SIG_AMD = 0x68747541,    // Auth
+  SIG_INTEL = 0x756e6547, /* Genu */
+  SIG_AMD = 0x68747541,   /* Auth */
 };
 
 enum ProcessorVendors {
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ struct __processor_model {
   const char *__cpu_march;
 };
 
-struct __processor_model __cpu_model;
+extern struct __processor_model __cpu_model;
 
 const char *__cpu_march(unsigned);
 
diff --git a/libc/log/addr2linepath.c b/libc/log/addr2linepath.c
index 89c09d18b..eb656175e 100644
--- a/libc/log/addr2linepath.c
+++ b/libc/log/addr2linepath.c
@@ -37,9 +37,14 @@ static struct {
 } g_addr2line;
 
 void GetAddr2linePathInit(void) {
+  char *res;
   int e = errno;
-  const char *path;
-  if (!(path = getenv("ADDR2LINE"))) {
+  const char *env, *cmd, *path;
+  if ((env = getenv("ADDR2LINE"))) {
+    cmd = env;
+    path = env;
+  } else {
+    cmd = "addr2line";
     path = ADDR2LINE;
   }
   char *buf = g_addr2line.buf;
@@ -48,12 +53,11 @@ void GetAddr2linePathInit(void) {
       strlcat(buf, "/", PATH_MAX);
     }
     strlcat(buf, path, PATH_MAX);
-  }
-  if (*buf) {
-    g_addr2line.res = buf;
+    res = buf;
   } else {
-    g_addr2line.res = commandv("addr2line", buf, PATH_MAX);
+    res = commandv(cmd, buf, PATH_MAX);
   }
+  g_addr2line.res = res;
   errno = e;
 }
 
diff --git a/libc/log/backtrace2.c b/libc/log/backtrace2.c
index 5c2f7c015..a68d90f05 100644
--- a/libc/log/backtrace2.c
+++ b/libc/log/backtrace2.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static int PrintBacktraceUsingAddr2line(int fd, const struct StackFrame *bp) {
   }
 
   if (!PLEDGED(STDIO) || !PLEDGED(EXEC) || !PLEDGED(EXEC)) {
-    ShowHint("won't print addr2line backtrace because pledge");
+    ShowHint("pledge() sandboxing makes backtraces not as good");
     return -1;
   }
 
diff --git a/libc/log/backtrace3.c b/libc/log/backtrace3.c
index 6857d1d6f..b82e12a4a 100644
--- a/libc/log/backtrace3.c
+++ b/libc/log/backtrace3.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/cosmo.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/symbols.internal.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
 #include "libc/thread/tls.h"
 
 #define LIMIT 100
@@ -47,8 +49,11 @@ dontinstrument dontasan int PrintBacktraceUsingSymbols(
     int fd, const struct StackFrame *bp, struct SymbolTable *st) {
   size_t gi;
   intptr_t addr;
+  const char *name;
   int i, symbol, addend;
+  static char cxxbuf[8192];
   struct Garbages *garbage;
+  static pthread_spinlock_t lock;
   const struct StackFrame *frame;
   (void)gi;
   if (!bp)
@@ -83,8 +88,15 @@ dontinstrument dontasan int PrintBacktraceUsingSymbols(
       symbol = 0;
       addend = 0;
     }
-    kprintf("%012lx %lx %s%+d\n", frame, addr, __get_symbol_name(st, symbol),
-            addend);
+    if ((name = __get_symbol_name(st, symbol)) && __is_mangled(name)) {
+      pthread_spin_lock(&lock);
+      __demangle(cxxbuf, name, sizeof(cxxbuf));
+      kprintf("%012lx %lx %s%+d\n", frame, addr, cxxbuf, addend);
+      pthread_spin_unlock(&lock);
+      name = cxxbuf;
+    } else {
+      kprintf("%012lx %lx %s%+d\n", frame, addr, name, addend);
+    }
   }
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/libc/log/oncrash_arm64.c b/libc/log/oncrash_arm64.c
index 47106759f..2ab6d31a1 100644
--- a/libc/log/oncrash_arm64.c
+++ b/libc/log/oncrash_arm64.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/struct/utsname.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/ucontext.h"
+#include "libc/cosmo.h"
 #include "libc/cxxabi.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/atomic.h"
@@ -40,7 +41,6 @@
 #include "libc/log/internal.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/stackframe.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
@@ -178,15 +178,15 @@ static relegated bool AppendFileLine(struct Buffer *b, const char *addr2line,
   }
 }
 
-static relegated char *GetSymbolName(struct SymbolTable *st, int symbol,
-                                     char **mem, size_t *memsz) {
-  char *s, *t;
-  if ((s = __get_symbol_name(st, symbol)) &&  //
-      s[0] == '_' && s[1] == 'Z' &&           //
-      (t = __cxa_demangle(s, *mem, memsz, 0))) {
-    *mem = s = t;
-  }
-  return s;
+static relegated char *GetSymbolName(struct SymbolTable *st, int symbol) {
+  char *str;
+  static char buf[8192];
+  if (!(str = __get_symbol_name(st, symbol)))
+    return str;
+  if (!__is_mangled(str))
+    return str;
+  __demangle(buf, str, sizeof(buf));
+  return buf;
 }
 
 static relegated void __oncrash_impl(int sig, struct siginfo *si,
@@ -241,8 +241,6 @@ static relegated void __oncrash_impl(int sig, struct siginfo *si,
                             : (struct StackFrame *)__builtin_frame_address(0)));
   if (ctx) {
     long pc;
-    char *mem = 0;
-    size_t memsz = 0;
     int addend, symbol;
     const char *debugbin;
     const char *addr2line;
@@ -305,7 +303,7 @@ static relegated void __oncrash_impl(int sig, struct siginfo *si,
       addend -= st->symbols[symbol].x;
       Append(b, " ");
       if (!AppendFileLine(b, addr2line, debugbin, pc)) {
-        Append(b, "%s", GetSymbolName(st, symbol, &mem, &memsz));
+        Append(b, "%s", GetSymbolName(st, symbol));
         if (addend)
           Append(b, "%+d", addend);
       }
@@ -327,7 +325,7 @@ static relegated void __oncrash_impl(int sig, struct siginfo *si,
         addend -= st->symbols[symbol].x;
         Append(b, " ");
         if (!AppendFileLine(b, addr2line, debugbin, pc)) {
-          Append(b, "%s", GetSymbolName(st, symbol, &mem, &memsz));
+          Append(b, "%s", GetSymbolName(st, symbol));
           if (addend)
             Append(b, "%+d", addend);
         }
@@ -367,13 +365,12 @@ static relegated void __oncrash_impl(int sig, struct siginfo *si,
       }
       Append(b, " %016lx fp %lx lr ", fp, pc);
       if (!AppendFileLine(b, addr2line, debugbin, pc) && st) {
-        Append(b, "%s", GetSymbolName(st, symbol, &mem, &memsz));
+        Append(b, "%s", GetSymbolName(st, symbol));
         if (addend)
           Append(b, "%+d", addend);
       }
       Append(b, "\n");
     }
-    free(mem);
   }
   b->p[b->n - 1] = '\n';
   klog(b->p, MIN(b->i, b->n));
diff --git a/libc/mem/tinymalloc.inc b/libc/mem/tinymalloc.inc
index f214248aa..fffdcdc6c 100644
--- a/libc/mem/tinymalloc.inc
+++ b/libc/mem/tinymalloc.inc
@@ -19,10 +19,18 @@
 #include "libc/stdckdint.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
+#ifndef TINYMALLOC_MAX_BYTES
+#define TINYMALLOC_MAX_BYTES 1073741824
+#endif
+
+#ifndef TINYMALLOC_MAX_ALIGN
+#define TINYMALLOC_MAX_ALIGN 4096
+#endif
+
 #ifndef MODE_DBG /* don't interfere with asan dlmalloc hooking */
 
-_Alignas(65536) static struct {
-  char memory[1024 * 1024 * 1024];
+_Alignas(TINYMALLOC_MAX_ALIGN) static struct {
+  char memory[TINYMALLOC_MAX_BYTES];
   unsigned used, last, free;
 } heap;
 
@@ -59,7 +67,7 @@ void *memalign(size_t align, size_t need) {
     need = sizeof(unsigned);
   if (align < sizeof(unsigned))
     align = sizeof(unsigned);
-  if (align > 65536)
+  if (align > TINYMALLOC_MAX_ALIGN)
     goto InvalidArgument;
   if (ckd_add(&need, need, sizeof(unsigned) - 1))
     goto OutOfMemory;
@@ -86,7 +94,7 @@ void *memalign(size_t align, size_t need) {
   base &= -align;
   if (ckd_add(&toto, base, need))
     goto OutOfMemory;
-  if (toto > sizeof(heap.memory))
+  if (toto > TINYMALLOC_MAX_BYTES)
     goto OutOfMemory;
   res = heap.memory + base;
   ((unsigned *)res)[-1] = need;
@@ -139,7 +147,7 @@ void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t need) {
       need &= -sizeof(unsigned);
       if (ckd_add(&toto, base, need))
         goto OutOfMemory;
-      if (toto > sizeof(heap.memory))
+      if (toto > TINYMALLOC_MAX_BYTES)
         goto OutOfMemory;
       ((unsigned *)mem)[-1] = need;
       heap.used = toto;
diff --git a/libc/runtime/getsymboltable.c b/libc/runtime/getsymboltable.c
index b9f8ae2cb..4f87c2762 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/getsymboltable.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/getsymboltable.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/promises.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ struct SymbolTable *GetSymbolTable(void) {
   struct Zipos *z;
   if (pthread_spin_trylock(&g_lock))
     return 0;
+  int e = errno;
   if (!__symtab && !__isworker) {
     if (_weaken(__zipos_get) && (z = _weaken(__zipos_get)())) {
       if ((__symtab = GetSymbolTableFromZip(z))) {
@@ -137,6 +139,7 @@ struct SymbolTable *GetSymbolTable(void) {
       __symtab = GetSymbolTableFromElf();
     }
   }
+  errno = e;
   pthread_spin_unlock(&g_lock);
   return __symtab;
 }
diff --git a/libc/str/demangle.c b/libc/str/demangle.c
index a290f5485..40d390b32 100644
--- a/libc/str/demangle.c
+++ b/libc/str/demangle.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Copyright (c) 2007 Hyogeol Lee <hyogeollee@gmail.com>\n\
 Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Kai Wang <kaiwang27@gmail.com>\n\
 Copyright (c) 2024 Justine Tunney <jtunney@gmail.com>");
 // https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/blob/2176c9ab71c85efd90a6c7af4a9e04fe8e3d49ca/contrib/libcxxrt/libelftc_dem_gnu3.c
-// clang -format off
+// clang-format off
 
 /**
  * @file demangle.c
@@ -321,9 +321,9 @@ static char *
 vector_str_get_flat(struct cpp_demangle_data *ddata, const struct vector_str *v,
     size_t *l)
 {
-	ssize_t elem_pos, elem_size, rtn_size;
 	size_t i;
-	char *rtn;
+	char *rtn, *p;
+	ssize_t rtn_size;
 
 	if (!v || !v->size)
 		return 0;
@@ -334,14 +334,9 @@ vector_str_get_flat(struct cpp_demangle_data *ddata, const struct vector_str *v,
 	if (!(rtn = (char *)alloc(ddata, 1, rtn_size + 1)))
 		return 0;
 
-	elem_pos = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < v->size; ++i) {
-		elem_size = strlen(v->container[i]);
-		memcpy(rtn + elem_pos, v->container[i], elem_size);
-		elem_pos += elem_size;
-	}
-
-	rtn[rtn_size] = '\0';
+	p = rtn;
+	for (i = 0; i < v->size; ++i)
+		p = stpcpy(p, v->container[i]);
 
 	if (l)
 		*l = rtn_size;
@@ -2878,7 +2873,7 @@ static int
 cpp_demangle_read_tmpl_args(struct cpp_demangle_data *ddata)
 {
 	struct vector_str *v;
-	size_t arg_len, idx, limit, size;
+	size_t arg_len, idx, limit;
 	char *arg;
 
 	if (!ddata || *ddata->cur == '\0')
@@ -2907,12 +2902,7 @@ cpp_demangle_read_tmpl_args(struct cpp_demangle_data *ddata)
 
 		if (*ddata->cur == 'E') {
 			++ddata->cur;
-			size = v->size;
-			ASSERT(size > 0);
-			if (!strncmp(v->container[size - 1], ">", 1)) {
-				if (!DEM_PUSH_STR(ddata, ">"))
-					return 0;
-			} else if (!DEM_PUSH_STR(ddata, ">"))
+			if (!DEM_PUSH_STR(ddata, ">"))
 				return 0;
 			ddata->is_tmpl = true;
 			break;
@@ -4070,6 +4060,7 @@ failure(char *buf, const char *org, size_t buflen)
  * be a partially copied result. In both cases, -1 is returned. The size
  * of the output is only returned if this routine is fully succesful. To
  * successfully cover nearly all the test cases from libcxxabi use 65536
+ * and to be able to print 99% of the symbols LLVM's libcxx.a, use 5632.
  *
  * It's important to call ismangled() before this, since non-c++ symbols
  * have a special meaning; for example, "g" will return "__float128". It
diff --git a/libc/testlib/testmain.c b/libc/testlib/testmain.c
index c87f84ac5..b343aa374 100644
--- a/libc/testlib/testmain.c
+++ b/libc/testlib/testmain.c
@@ -94,6 +94,12 @@ dontasan int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   struct Dll *e;
   struct TestAspect *a;
 
+  if (errno) {
+    tinyprint(2, "error: the errno variable was contaminated by constructors\n",
+              NULL);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
   __ubsan_strict = true;
   __log_level = kLogInfo;
   GetOpts(argc, argv);
diff --git a/test/libc/calls/unveil_test.c b/test/libc/calls/unveil_test.c
index 6681eec8d..9e302e878 100644
--- a/test/libc/calls/unveil_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/calls/unveil_test.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/landlock.h"
+#include "libc/calls/pledge.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/dirent.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
@@ -337,6 +338,7 @@ TEST(unveil, usedTwice_forbidden_worksWithPledge) {
   ASSERT_NE(-1, (gotsome = _mapshared(FRAMESIZE)));
   ASSERT_NE(-1, (pid = fork()));
   if (!pid) {
+    __pledge_mode = PLEDGE_PENALTY_KILL_PROCESS;
     // install our first seccomp filter
     ASSERT_SYS(0, 0, pledge("stdio rpath wpath cpath unveil", 0));
     ASSERT_SYS(0, 0, mkdir("jail", 0755));