Import C++ Standard Template Library

You can now use the hardest fastest and most dangerous language there is
with Cosmopolitan. So far about 75% of LLVM libcxx has been added. A few
breaking changes needed to be made to help this go smoothly.

- Rename nothrow to dontthrow
- Rename nodiscard to dontdiscard
- Add some libm functions, e.g. lgamma, nan, etc.
- Change intmax_t from int128 to int64 like everything else
- Introduce %jjd formatting directive for int128_t
- Introduce strtoi128(), strtou128(), etc.
- Rename bsrmax() to bsr128()

Some of the templates that should be working currently are std::vector,
std::string, std::map, std::set, std::deque, etc.

tool/build/calculator.c

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 #include "third_party/gdtoa/gdtoa.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
 
-#define INT     intmax_t
+#define INT     int128_t
 #define FLOAT   long double
 #define EPSILON 1e-16l
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ struct Value stack[128];
 int sp, comment, line, column, interactive;
 
 INT Popcnt(INT x) {
-  uintmax_t word = x;
+  uint128_t word = x;
   return popcnt(word >> 64) + popcnt(word);
 }
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ char *Repr(struct Value x) {
   if (x.t == kFloat) {
     g_xfmt_p(buf, &x.f, 16, sizeof(buf), 0);
   } else {
-    sprintf(buf, "%jd", x.i);
+    sprintf(buf, "%jjd", x.i);
   }
   return buf;
 }
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ bool ConsumeLiteral(const char *literal) {
   literal_ = literal;
   errno = 0;
   x.t = kInt;
-  x.i = strtoimax(literal, &e, 0);
+  x.i = strtoi128(literal, &e, 0);
   if (*e) {
     x.t = kFloat;
     x.f = strtod(literal, &e);

tool/build/lib/elfwriter.h

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ struct ElfWriter {
   struct Interner *shstrtab;
 };
 
-struct ElfWriter *elfwriter_open(const char *, int) nodiscard;
+struct ElfWriter *elfwriter_open(const char *, int) dontdiscard;
 void elfwriter_cargoculting(struct ElfWriter *);
 void elfwriter_close(struct ElfWriter *);
 void elfwriter_align(struct ElfWriter *, size_t, size_t);

tool/build/lib/machine.h

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ struct Machine {
   void (*onlongbranch)(struct Machine *);
 } forcealign(64);
 
-struct Machine *NewMachine(void) nodiscard;
+struct Machine *NewMachine(void) dontdiscard;
 void FreeMachine(struct Machine *);
 void ResetMem(struct Machine *);
 void ResetCpu(struct Machine *);
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ long AllocateLinearPage(struct Machine *);
 long AllocateLinearPageRaw(struct Machine *);
 int ReserveReal(struct Machine *, size_t);
 int ReserveVirtual(struct Machine *, int64_t, size_t, uint64_t);
-char *FormatPml4t(struct Machine *) nodiscard;
+char *FormatPml4t(struct Machine *) dontdiscard;
 int64_t FindVirtual(struct Machine *, int64_t, size_t);
 int FreeVirtual(struct Machine *, int64_t, size_t);
 

tool/build/lib/pty.h

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ struct Pty {
 };
 
 void FreePty(struct Pty *);
-struct Pty *NewPty(void) nodiscard;
+struct Pty *NewPty(void) dontdiscard;
 void PtyResize(struct Pty *, int, int);
 ssize_t PtyRead(struct Pty *, void *, size_t);
 ssize_t PtyWrite(struct Pty *, const void *, size_t);

tool/build/runit.c

@@ -139,7 +139,8 @@ void CheckExists(const char *path) {
   }
 }
 
-nodiscard char *MakeDeployScript(struct addrinfo *remotenic, size_t combytes) {
+dontdiscard char *MakeDeployScript(struct addrinfo *remotenic,
+                                   size_t combytes) {
   const char *ip4 = (const char *)&remotenic->ai_addr4->sin_addr;
   return xasprintf("mkdir -p o/ && "
                    "dd bs=%zu count=%zu of=o/runitd.$$.com 2>/dev/null && "

tool/build/runitd.c

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ void GetOpts(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   }
 }
 
-nodiscard char *DescribeAddress(struct sockaddr_in *addr) {
+dontdiscard char *DescribeAddress(struct sockaddr_in *addr) {
   char ip4buf[16];
   return xasprintf("%s:%hu",
                    inet_ntop(addr->sin_family, &addr->sin_addr.s_addr, ip4buf,