diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 88a584fd1..77e742eca 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -398,7 +398,9 @@ o/cosmopolitan.h:							\
 		$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS),$($(x)_HDRS))	\
 		$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS),$($(x)_INCS))
 	$(file >$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@),libc/integral/normalize.inc $(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS),$($(x)_HDRS)))
-	@$(ECHO) '#define COSMO' >$@
+	@$(ECHO) '#ifndef __STRICT_ANSI__' >$@
+	@$(ECHO) '#define _COSMO_SOURCE' >>$@
+	@$(ECHO) '#endif' >>$@
 	@$(COMPILE) -AROLLUP -T$@ o/$(MODE)/tool/build/rollup.com @$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@) >>$@
 
 o/cosmopolitan.html: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
diff --git a/build/definitions.mk b/build/definitions.mk
index 25bcf1e96..0e5ab80b9 100644
--- a/build/definitions.mk
+++ b/build/definitions.mk
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ MATHEMATICAL =								\
 	-fwrapv
 
 DEFAULT_CPPFLAGS +=							\
-	-DCOSMO								\
+	-D_COSMO_SOURCE							\
 	-DMODE='"$(MODE)"'						\
 	-DIMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL=$(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL)			\
 	-nostdinc							\
diff --git a/examples/ls.c b/examples/ls.c
index 9ac3bf00c..c91f8c81f 100644
--- a/examples/ls.c
+++ b/examples/ls.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void List(const char *path) {
   const char *vpath;
   if (strcmp(path, ".") == 0) {
     vpath = "";
-  } else if (!_endswith(path, "/")) {
+  } else if (!endswith(path, "/")) {
     vpath = _gc(xasprintf("%s/", path));
   } else {
     vpath = path;
diff --git a/examples/nesemu1.cc b/examples/nesemu1.cc
index 65b2d716c..e004850f3 100644
--- a/examples/nesemu1.cc
+++ b/examples/nesemu1.cc
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
 #include "libc/sock/struct/pollfd.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
@@ -43,7 +44,6 @@
 #include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"
 #include "libc/x/xsigaction.h"
 #include "libc/zip.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
 #include "third_party/libcxx/vector"
 #include "tool/viz/lib/knobs.h"
@@ -1676,7 +1676,7 @@ char* GetLine(void) {
   static char* line;
   static size_t linesize;
   if (getline(&line, &linesize, stdin) > 0) {
-    return _chomp(line);
+    return chomp(line);
   } else {
     return NULL;
   }
diff --git a/examples/ttyinfo.c b/examples/ttyinfo.c
index 2d488148e..801a5858a 100644
--- a/examples/ttyinfo.c
+++ b/examples/ttyinfo.c
@@ -147,12 +147,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     if (iscntrl(code[0]) && !code[1]) {
       printf("is CTRL-%c a.k.a. ^%c\r\n", CTRL(code[0]), CTRL(code[0]));
       if (code[0] == CTRL('C') || code[0] == CTRL('D')) break;
-    } else if (_startswith(code, "\e[") && _endswith(code, "R")) {
+    } else if (startswith(code, "\e[") && endswith(code, "R")) {
       yn = 1, xn = 1;
       sscanf(code, "\e[%d;%dR", &yn, &xn);
       printf("inband signalling says terminal size is %d×%d\r\n", xn, yn);
-    } else if (_startswith(code, "\e[<") &&
-               (_endswith(code, "m") || _endswith(code, "M"))) {
+    } else if (startswith(code, "\e[<") &&
+               (endswith(code, "m") || endswith(code, "M"))) {
       e = 0, y = 1, x = 1;
       sscanf(code, "\e[<%d;%d;%d%c", &e, &y, &x, &c);
       printf("mouse %s at %d×%d\r\n", describemouseevent(e | (c == 'm') << 2),
diff --git a/examples/wall.c b/examples/wall.c
index 1d7500601..e9e6ce094 100644
--- a/examples/wall.c
+++ b/examples/wall.c
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ char *GetTime(void) {
   struct timespec ts;
   clock_gettime(0, &ts);
   localtime_r(&ts.tv_sec, &tm);
-  return _chomp(asctime(&tm));
+  return chomp(asctime(&tm));
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
diff --git a/examples/x86split.c b/examples/x86split.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f61de6a06..000000000
--- a/examples/x86split.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
-#include "third_party/xed/x86.h"
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview x86 instruction length decoder by way of hex pipe.
- *
- * Here's an example of how you can use it to decode a NOP stream:
- *
- *     $ make -j8 o//examples/x86split.com
- *     $ echo 909090 | o//examples/x86split.com
- *     90
- *     90
- *     90
- *
- * If there was a XOR instruction in there, it'd do this:
- *
- *     $ make -j8 o//examples/x86split.com
- *     $ echo 904531FF90 | o//examples/x86split.com
- *     90                     # NOP
- *     4531FF                 # XOR R15D,R15D
- *     90                     # NOP
- *
- * Now that you're able to split x86 instructions the rest is easy.
- */
-
-int fgethex(FILE *f) {
-  int o, t = -1;
-  while (!((o = fgetc(f)) & ~0xFF)) {
-    switch (t) {
-      case -1:
-        t = isxdigit(o) ? hextoint(o) : -1;
-        break;
-      default:
-        if (isxdigit(o)) {
-          return t * 16 + hextoint(o);
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-  if (t >= 0) return einval();
-  return -1;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[argc]) {
-  int err;
-  unsigned c, i, j, l;
-  struct XedDecodedInst xedd;
-  unsigned char buf[XED_MAX_INSTRUCTION_BYTES];
-  memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
-  for (i = 0;;) {
-    if (i < XED_MAX_INSTRUCTION_BYTES) {
-      c = fgethex(stdin);
-      if (c != -1) {
-        buf[i++] = c;
-        continue;
-      } else if (i == 0) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-    if ((err = xed_instruction_length_decode(
-             xed_decoded_inst_zero_set_mode(&xedd, XED_MACHINE_MODE_LONG_64),
-             buf, i))) {
-      errno = err;
-      break;
-    }
-    l = xedd.length;
-    if (l <= 0 || l > i) abort();
-    for (j = 0; j < l; ++j) {
-      fputc("0123456789ABCDEF"[(buf[j] & 0xf0) >> 4], stdout);
-      fputc("0123456789ABCDEF"[(buf[j] & 0x0f) >> 0], stdout);
-    }
-    putchar('\n');
-    memcpy(&buf[0], &buf[l], i -= l);
-  }
-  return errno;
-}
diff --git a/libc/assert.h b/libc/assert.h
index 0d0c0844c..cd41f9cbb 100644
--- a/libc/assert.h
+++ b/libc/assert.h
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #ifdef _ASSERT_H
 #undef _ASSERT_H
 #undef assert
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #undef unassert
 #undef npassert
 #ifndef NDEBUG
 #undef __assert_macro
 #endif /* NDEBUG */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* _ASSERT_H */
 
 #ifndef _ASSERT_H
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ void __assert_fail(const char *, const char *, int) relegated;
 #define static_assert _Static_assert
 #endif
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 extern bool __assert_disable;
 #ifndef NDEBUG
 #define unassert(x) __assert_macro(x, #x)
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ extern bool __assert_disable;
     (void)0;                         \
   })
 #endif /* NDEBUG */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* _ASSERT_H */
diff --git a/libc/calls/alarm.c b/libc/calls/alarm.c
index e610a9c92..36582fb43 100644
--- a/libc/calls/alarm.c
+++ b/libc/calls/alarm.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/itimerval.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/itimer.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/calls/calls.h b/libc/calls/calls.h
index 8b60471a0..fcc10416a 100644
--- a/libc/calls/calls.h
+++ b/libc/calls/calls.h
@@ -54,6 +54,19 @@
 #define WIFCONTINUED(x) __wifcontinued(x)
 #define W_STOPCODE(x)   ((x) << 8 | 0177)
 
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
+#define clone         __clone
+#define commandv      __commandv
+#define fileexists    __fileexists
+#define ischardev     __ischardev
+#define isdirectory   __isdirectory
+#define isexecutable  __isexecutable
+#define isregularfile __isregularfile
+#define issymlink     __issymlink
+#define makedirs      __makedirs
+#define tmpfd         __tmpfd
+#endif
+
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│─╗
@@ -63,7 +76,6 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 typedef int sig_atomic_t;
 
 bool32 isatty(int);
-char *get_current_dir_name(void) dontdiscard;
 char *getcwd(char *, size_t);
 char *realpath(const char *, char *);
 char *ttyname(int);
@@ -79,15 +91,12 @@ int creat(const char *, unsigned);
 int dup(int);
 int dup2(int, int);
 int dup3(int, int, int);
-int eaccess(const char *, int);
-int euidaccess(const char *, int);
 int execl(const char *, const char *, ...) nullterminated();
 int execle(const char *, const char *, ...) nullterminated((1));
 int execlp(const char *, const char *, ...) nullterminated();
 int execv(const char *, char *const[]);
 int execve(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]);
 int execvp(const char *, char *const[]);
-int execvpe(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]);
 int faccessat(int, const char *, int, int);
 int fadvise(int, uint64_t, uint64_t, int);
 int fchdir(int);
@@ -111,12 +120,8 @@ int getpgrp(void) nosideeffect;
 int getpid(void) nosideeffect libcesque;
 int getppid(void);
 int getpriority(int, unsigned);
-int getresgid(unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *);
-int getresuid(unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *);
 int getsid(int) nosideeffect libcesque;
 int ioctl(int, unsigned long, ...);
-int ioprio_get(int, int);
-int ioprio_set(int, int, int);
 int issetugid(void);
 int kill(int, int);
 int killpg(int, int);
@@ -124,7 +129,6 @@ int lchmod(const char *, unsigned);
 int lchown(const char *, unsigned, unsigned);
 int link(const char *, const char *) dontthrow;
 int linkat(int, const char *, int, const char *, int);
-int madvise(void *, uint64_t, int);
 int mincore(void *, size_t, unsigned char *);
 int mkdir(const char *, unsigned);
 int mkdirat(int, const char *, unsigned);
@@ -140,7 +144,6 @@ int pipe(int[hasatleast 2]);
 int pipe2(int[hasatleast 2], int);
 int posix_fadvise(int, int64_t, int64_t, int);
 int posix_madvise(void *, uint64_t, int);
-int prctl(int, ...);
 int raise(int);
 int reboot(int);
 int remove(const char *);
@@ -158,8 +161,6 @@ int setpgid(int, int);
 int setpgrp(void);
 int setpriority(int, unsigned, int);
 int setregid(unsigned, unsigned);
-int setresgid(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned);
-int setresuid(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned);
 int setreuid(unsigned, unsigned);
 int setsid(void);
 int setuid(unsigned);
@@ -167,9 +168,6 @@ int sigignore(int);
 int siginterrupt(int, int);
 int symlink(const char *, const char *);
 int symlinkat(const char *, int, const char *);
-int sync_file_range(int, int64_t, int64_t, unsigned);
-int tcgetpgrp(int);
-int tcsetpgrp(int, int);
 int truncate(const char *, int64_t);
 int ttyname_r(int, char *, size_t);
 int unlink(const char *);
@@ -187,7 +185,6 @@ ssize_t pwrite(int, const void *, size_t, int64_t);
 ssize_t read(int, void *, size_t);
 ssize_t readlink(const char *, char *, size_t);
 ssize_t readlinkat(int, const char *, char *, size_t);
-ssize_t splice(int, int64_t *, int, int64_t *, size_t, unsigned);
 ssize_t write(int, const void *, size_t);
 unsigned alarm(unsigned);
 unsigned getegid(void) nosideeffect;
@@ -198,20 +195,34 @@ unsigned sleep(unsigned);
 unsigned umask(unsigned);
 void sync(void);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
-bool fileexists(const char *);
-bool isdirectory(const char *);
-bool isexecutable(const char *);
-bool isregularfile(const char *);
-bool issymlink(const char *);
+#if defined(_COSMO_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
+int syncfs(int);
+int prctl(int, ...);
+int gettid(void) libcesque;
+int setresgid(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned);
+int setresuid(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned);
+int getresgid(unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *);
+int getresuid(unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *);
+char *get_current_dir_name(void) dontdiscard;
+int sync_file_range(int, int64_t, int64_t, unsigned);
+ssize_t splice(int, int64_t *, int, int64_t *, size_t, unsigned);
+int memfd_create(const char *, unsigned int);
+int execvpe(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]);
+int euidaccess(const char *, int);
+int eaccess(const char *, int);
+int madvise(void *, uint64_t, int);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
+bool32 fileexists(const char *);
+bool32 isdirectory(const char *);
+bool32 isexecutable(const char *);
+bool32 isregularfile(const char *);
+bool32 issymlink(const char *);
 bool32 ischardev(int);
 char *commandv(const char *, char *, size_t);
-char *replaceuser(const char *) dontdiscard;
 int clone(void *, void *, size_t, int, void *, void *, void *, void *);
-int gettid(void) libcesque;
 int makedirs(const char *, unsigned);
-int memfd_create(const char *, unsigned int);
-int personality(uint64_t);
 int pivot_root(const char *, const char *);
 int pledge(const char *, const char *);
 int seccomp(unsigned, unsigned, void *);
@@ -219,10 +230,13 @@ int sys_iopl(int);
 int sys_mlock(const void *, size_t);
 int sys_mlock2(const void *, size_t, int);
 int sys_mlockall(int);
+int sys_personality(uint64_t);
 int sys_munlock(const void *, size_t);
 int sys_munlockall(void);
 int sys_ptrace(int, ...);
 int sys_sysctl(const int *, unsigned, void *, size_t *, void *, size_t);
+int sys_ioprio_get(int, int);
+int sys_ioprio_set(int, int, int);
 int tgkill(int, int, int);
 int tkill(int, int);
 int tmpfd(void);
@@ -232,12 +246,21 @@ long ptrace(int, ...);
 ssize_t copyfd(int, int, size_t);
 ssize_t readansi(int, char *, size_t);
 ssize_t tinyprint(int, const char *, ...) nullterminated();
-#endif
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 int __wifstopped(int) pureconst;
 int __wifcontinued(int) pureconst;
 int __wifsignaled(int) pureconst;
 
+#if defined(_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
+#define lseek64     lseek
+#define pread64     pread
+#define pwrite64    pwrite
+#define truncate64  truncate
+#define ftruncate64 ftruncate
+#define lockf64     lockf
+#endif
+
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_SYSCALLS_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/calls/copyfile.c b/libc/calls/copyfile.c
index d7500e279..53ff47d79 100644
--- a/libc/calls/copyfile.c
+++ b/libc/calls/copyfile.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static int sys_copyfile(const char *src, const char *dst, int flags) {
  * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
  */
 int _copyfile(const char *src, const char *dst, int flags) {
-  if (!IsWindows() || _startswith(src, "/zip/") || _startswith(dst, "/zip/")) {
+  if (!IsWindows() || startswith(src, "/zip/") || startswith(dst, "/zip/")) {
     return sys_copyfile(src, dst, flags);
   } else {
     return sys_copyfile_nt(src, dst, flags);
diff --git a/libc/calls/fileexists.c b/libc/calls/fileexists.c
index 127e62d73..3aa805671 100644
--- a/libc/calls/fileexists.c
+++ b/libc/calls/fileexists.c
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/nt/files.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 
 /**
  * Returns true if file exists at path.
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
  * or sockets, could be considered files for the purposes of this
  * function. The stat() function may be used to differentiate them.
  */
-bool fileexists(const char *path) {
+bool32 fileexists(const char *path) {
   int e;
   bool res;
   union metastat st;
diff --git a/libc/calls/fstat-nt.c b/libc/calls/fstat-nt.c
index c3ed33add..93b97880b 100644
--- a/libc/calls/fstat-nt.c
+++ b/libc/calls/fstat-nt.c
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static textwindows uint32_t GetSizeOfReparsePoint(int64_t fh) {
           x = 0xfffd;
         }
       }
-      z += x < 0200 ? 1 : _bsrl(_tpenc(x)) >> 3;
+      z += x < 0200 ? 1 : _bsrl(tpenc(x)) >> 3;
     }
   } else {
     STRACE("%s failed %m", "GetSizeOfReparsePoint");
diff --git a/libc/calls/fstatfs-nt.c b/libc/calls/fstatfs-nt.c
index 77270242d..62e86b9f4 100644
--- a/libc/calls/fstatfs-nt.c
+++ b/libc/calls/fstatfs-nt.c
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ textwindows int sys_fstatfs_nt(int64_t handle, struct statfs *f) {
     return eio();
   }
   for (h = j = i = 0; FileSystemNameBuffer[i]; i++) {
-    w = _tpenc(FileSystemNameBuffer[i]);
+    w = tpenc(FileSystemNameBuffer[i]);
     do {
       if (j + 1 < sizeof(f->f_fstypename)) {
         h = ((unsigned)(w & 255) + h) * 0x9e3779b1u;
diff --git a/libc/calls/getcwd-nt.greg.c b/libc/calls/getcwd-nt.greg.c
index 4694b7c29..586ab7bb6 100644
--- a/libc/calls/getcwd-nt.greg.c
+++ b/libc/calls/getcwd-nt.greg.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ textwindows char *sys_getcwd_nt(char *buf, size_t size) {
           }
           w = x;
         } else {
-          w = _tpenc(x);
+          w = tpenc(x);
         }
         do {
           if (j < size) {
diff --git a/libc/calls/isdirectory.c b/libc/calls/isdirectory.c
index 5a38cd4a3..3f53a88a5 100644
--- a/libc/calls/isdirectory.c
+++ b/libc/calls/isdirectory.c
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/nt/files.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 
 /**
  * Returns true if file exists and is a directory.
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
  *
  * @see isregularfile(), issymlink(), ischardev()
  */
-bool isdirectory(const char *path) {
+bool32 isdirectory(const char *path) {
   int e;
   bool res;
   union metastat st;
diff --git a/libc/calls/isexecutable.c b/libc/calls/isexecutable.c
index b1c3974d2..caa74b45e 100644
--- a/libc/calls/isexecutable.c
+++ b/libc/calls/isexecutable.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  * @vforksafe
  */
-bool isexecutable(const char *path) {
+bool32 isexecutable(const char *path) {
   struct stat st; /* execve() depends on this */
   if (fstatat(AT_FDCWD, path, &st, 0)) return 0;
   return !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !!(st.st_mode & 0111);
diff --git a/libc/calls/isregularfile.c b/libc/calls/isregularfile.c
index 679799984..1f6d07b0a 100644
--- a/libc/calls/isregularfile.c
+++ b/libc/calls/isregularfile.c
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/asan.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 
 /**
  * Returns true if file exists and is a regular file.
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
  *
  * @see isdirectory(), ischardev(), issymlink()
  */
-bool isregularfile(const char *path) {
+bool32 isregularfile(const char *path) {
   int e;
   bool res;
   union metastat st;
diff --git a/libc/calls/issymlink.c b/libc/calls/issymlink.c
index 5898a033e..4cfef5d65 100644
--- a/libc/calls/issymlink.c
+++ b/libc/calls/issymlink.c
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/nt/files.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h"
 
 /**
  * Returns true if file exists and is a symbolic link.
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
  *
  * @see isregularfile(), isdirectory(), fileexists(), ischardev()
  */
-bool issymlink(const char *path) {
+bool32 issymlink(const char *path) {
   int e;
   bool res;
   union metastat st;
diff --git a/libc/calls/readlinkat-nt.c b/libc/calls/readlinkat-nt.c
index 4482e40ae..47631d067 100644
--- a/libc/calls/readlinkat-nt.c
+++ b/libc/calls/readlinkat-nt.c
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ textwindows ssize_t sys_readlinkat_nt(int dirfd, const char *path, char *buf,
             }
             w = x;
           } else {
-            w = _tpenc(x);
+            w = tpenc(x);
           }
           do {
             if (j < bufsiz) {
diff --git a/libc/calls/sigaction.c b/libc/calls/sigaction.c
index 540b0646b..e65f27068 100644
--- a/libc/calls/sigaction.c
+++ b/libc/calls/sigaction.c
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ static int __sigaction(int sig, const struct sigaction *act,
           ap->sa_flags |= SA_RESTORER;
           ap->sa_restorer = &__restore_rt;
         }
-        if (IsWsl1()) {
+        if (__iswsl1()) {
           sigenter = __sigenter_wsl;
         } else {
           sigenter = ap->sa_sigaction;
diff --git a/libc/calls/struct/timespec.h b/libc/calls/struct/timespec.h
index c0739941a..f1f40789e 100644
--- a/libc/calls/struct/timespec.h
+++ b/libc/calls/struct/timespec.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ int utimensat(int, const char *, const struct timespec[2], int);
 int timespec_getres(struct timespec *, int);
 int timespec_get(struct timespec *, int);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 /* cosmopolitan libc's non-posix timespec library
    removed by default due to emacs codebase clash */
 #define timespec_zero ((struct timespec){0})
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ static inline bool timespec_iszero(struct timespec __ts) {
 static inline bool timespec_isvalid(struct timespec __ts) {
   return __ts.tv_sec >= 0 && __ts.tv_nsec < 1000000000ull;
 }
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/calls/struct/timeval.h b/libc/calls/struct/timeval.h
index 31087dbba..23642e7ca 100644
--- a/libc/calls/struct/timeval.h
+++ b/libc/calls/struct/timeval.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ int settimeofday(const struct timeval *, const struct timezone *);
 int lutimes(const char *, const struct timeval[2]);
 int utimes(const char *, const struct timeval[2]);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 /* cosmopolitan libc's non-posix timevals library
    removed by default due to emacs codebase clash */
 #define timeval_zero ((struct timeval){0})
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static inline bool timeval_iszero(struct timeval __tv) {
 static inline bool timeval_isvalid(struct timeval __tv) {
   return __tv.tv_sec >= 0 && __tv.tv_usec < 1000000ull;
 }
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/str/hextoint.c b/libc/calls/syncfs.c
similarity index 72%
rename from libc/str/hextoint.c
rename to libc/calls/syncfs.c
index ca4dda692..141cdf7bb 100644
--- a/libc/str/hextoint.c
+++ b/libc/calls/syncfs.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
 │vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
 ╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│ Copyright 2023 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
 │                                                                              │
 │ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
 │ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
@@ -16,20 +16,22 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 
 /**
- * Converts ASCII hexadecimal character to integer case-insensitively.
- * @return integer or 0 if c ∉ [0-9A-Fa-f]
+ * Syncs filesystem associated with file descriptor.
+ *
+ * Since Linux 5.8, syncfs() will report an error if an inode failed to
+ * be written during the time since syncfs() was last called.
+ *
+ * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @raise EIO if some kind of data/metadata write error happened
+ * @raise ENOSPC if disk space was exhausted during sync
+ * @raise EDQUOT (or ENOSPC) on some kinds of NFS errors
+ * @raise EBADF if `fd` isn't a valid file descriptor
+ * @raise ENOSYS on non-Linux
  */
-int hextoint(int c) {
-  if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
-    return c - '0';
-  } else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f') {
-    return c - 'a' + 10;
-  } else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F') {
-    return c - 'A' + 10;
-  } else {
-    return 0;
-  }
+int syncfs(int fd) {
+  return sys_syncfs(fd);
 }
diff --git a/libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h b/libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h
index f33b4b970..6ec1f3bd6 100644
--- a/libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h
+++ b/libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ i32 sys_sigaltstack(const void *, void *);
 i32 sys_symlinkat(const char *, i32, const char *);
 i32 sys_sync(void);
 i32 sys_sync_file_range(i32, i64, i64, u32);
+i32 sys_syncfs(i32);
 i32 sys_syslog(i32, char *, i32);
 i32 sys_tgkill(i32, i32, i32);
 i32 sys_tkill(i32, i32, void *);
diff --git a/libc/calls/termios.h b/libc/calls/termios.h
index bf9390140..b11063034 100644
--- a/libc/calls/termios.h
+++ b/libc/calls/termios.h
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ int posix_openpt(int) dontdiscard;
 
 int tcdrain(int);
 int tcgetsid(int);
+int tcgetpgrp(int);
 int tcflow(int, int);
 int tcflush(int, int);
+int tcsetpgrp(int, int);
 int tcsendbreak(int, int);
 void cfmakeraw(struct termios *);
 int cfsetspeed(struct termios *, uint32_t);
diff --git a/libc/calls/verynice.c b/libc/calls/verynice.c
index 3f4097b6d..602c3c65b 100644
--- a/libc/calls/verynice.c
+++ b/libc/calls/verynice.c
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
 int verynice(void) {
   int e = errno;
   setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 10);
-  ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE, 0));
+  sys_ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0,
+                 IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE, 0));
   struct sched_param param = {sched_get_priority_min(SCHED_IDLE)};
   sched_setscheduler(0, SCHED_IDLE, &param);
   errno = e;
diff --git a/libc/calls/weirdtypes.h b/libc/calls/weirdtypes.h
index c1c911cae..3dc1e8b6f 100644
--- a/libc/calls/weirdtypes.h
+++ b/libc/calls/weirdtypes.h
@@ -49,5 +49,13 @@ typedef uint32_t nlink_t; /* uint16_t on xnu */
 #define TIME_T_MAX __INT64_MAX__
 #define TIME_T_MIN (-TIME_T_MAX - 1)
 
+#if defined(_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
+#define blkcnt64_t   blkcnt_t
+#define fsblkcnt64_t fsblkcnt_t
+#define fsfilcnt64_t fsfilcnt_t
+#define ino64_t      ino_t
+#define off64_t      off_t
+#endif
+
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_WEIRDTYPES_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/dce.h b/libc/dce.h
index db0df834c..171644845 100644
--- a/libc/dce.h
+++ b/libc/dce.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_DCE_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_DCE_H_
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 /*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
 │ cosmopolitan § autotune » dead code elimination                              │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
@@ -119,11 +120,12 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 extern const int __hostos;
 
 #ifdef __x86_64__
-bool IsWsl1(void);
+bool __iswsl1(void);
 #else
-#define IsWsl1() false
+#define __iswsl1() false
 #endif
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_DCE_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/elf/elf.h b/libc/elf/elf.h
index f8ec819b6..d6a580cb9 100644
--- a/libc/elf/elf.h
+++ b/libc/elf/elf.h
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 #include "libc/elf/struct/shdr.h"
 #include "libc/elf/struct/sym.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-#ifdef COSMO
 /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│─╗
 │ cosmopolitan § executable linkable format                                ─╬─│┼
 ╚────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│*/
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ void *GetElfSegmentAddress(const Elf64_Ehdr *, size_t, const Elf64_Phdr *);
 const char *GetElfSectionName(const Elf64_Ehdr *, size_t, Elf64_Shdr *);
 char *GetElfSectionNameStringTable(const Elf64_Ehdr *, size_t);
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_ELF_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/errno.h b/libc/errno.h
index 76e201938..bf0342b9f 100644
--- a/libc/errno.h
+++ b/libc/errno.h
@@ -660,8 +660,11 @@ extern const errno_t EXFULL;
 
 extern errno_t __errno;
 errno_t *__errno_location(void) dontthrow pureconst;
+
+#if defined(_COSMO_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
 extern char *program_invocation_short_name;
 extern char *program_invocation_name;
+#endif
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/fmt/conv.h b/libc/fmt/conv.h
index 019bb0d24..90e9ce4e1 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/conv.h
+++ b/libc/fmt/conv.h
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ libcesque nosideeffect;
 │ cosmopolitan § conversion » manipulation                                 ─╬─│┼
 ╚────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│*/
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 char *stripext(char *);
 char *stripexts(char *);
 #endif
diff --git a/libc/fmt/fmt.h b/libc/fmt/fmt.h
index 9a5cfb0a3..b794b78de 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/fmt.h
+++ b/libc/fmt/fmt.h
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ char *fcvt(double, int, int *, int *);
 char *ecvt(double, int, int *, int *);
 char *gcvt(double, int, char *);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 int __vcscanf(int (*)(void *), int (*)(int, void *), void *, const char *,
               va_list);
 int __fmt(void *, void *, const char *, va_list);
diff --git a/libc/fmt/itoa.h b/libc/fmt/itoa.h
index e547a11e3..c5bf541f8 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/itoa.h
+++ b/libc/fmt/itoa.h
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_FMT_ITOA_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_FMT_ITOA_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-#ifdef COSMO
 
 #define LengthInt64           __LengthInt64
 #define LengthUint64          __LengthUint64
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ size_t int128toarray_radix10(int128_t, char *);
 size_t uint128toarray_radix10(uint128_t, char *);
 #endif
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_FMT_ITOA_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/fmt/leb128.h b/libc/fmt/leb128.h
index d74d1aefb..e062fa34b 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/leb128.h
+++ b/libc/fmt/leb128.h
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_FMT_LEB128_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_FMT_LEB128_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-#ifdef COSMO
 
 #define sleb64    __sleb64
 #define zleb64    __zleb64
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ char *uleb128(char *, uint128_t);
 int unsleb128(const void *, size_t, int128_t *);
 #endif /* __STRICT_ANSI__ */
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_FMT_LEB128_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/integral/c.inc b/libc/integral/c.inc
index 0bec62c5b..828a9645e 100644
--- a/libc/integral/c.inc
+++ b/libc/integral/c.inc
@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@ typedef __INTPTR_TYPE__ intptr_t;
 typedef __UINTPTR_TYPE__ uintptr_t;
 typedef __PTRDIFF_TYPE__ ptrdiff_t;
 typedef __WINT_TYPE__ wint_t; /* uint32_t on linux but int32_t on xnu */
-typedef __INT32_TYPE__ bool32;
 typedef __INT8_TYPE__ int8_t;
 typedef __UINT8_TYPE__ uint8_t;
 typedef __INT16_TYPE__ int16_t;
 typedef __UINT16_TYPE__ uint16_t;
+typedef __INT32_TYPE__ bool32;
 typedef __INT32_TYPE__ int32_t;
 typedef __UINT32_TYPE__ uint32_t;
 typedef __INT64_TYPE__ int64_t;
@@ -136,7 +136,6 @@ typedef __UINTMAX_TYPE__ uintmax_t;
 typedef signed __int128 int128_t;
 typedef unsigned __int128 uint128_t;
 #endif
-
 typedef struct {
   intptr_t ax, dx;
 } axdx_t;
@@ -743,7 +742,8 @@ void abort(void) wontreturn;
 #pragma GCC diagnostic error "-Wtrampolines"
 #if __GNUC__ >= 6
 #pragma GCC diagnostic error "-Wnonnull-compare"
-#if defined(COSMO) && !defined(MODE_DBG) && !defined(STACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED)
+#if defined(_COSMO_SOURCE) && !defined(MODE_DBG) && \
+    !defined(STACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED)
 #pragma GCC diagnostic error "-Wframe-larger-than=131072"
 #if __GNUC__ >= 9
 // #pragma GCC diagnostic error "-Walloca-larger-than=1024"
diff --git a/libc/integral/normalize.inc b/libc/integral/normalize.inc
index c3073edfa..179d46b0e 100644
--- a/libc/integral/normalize.inc
+++ b/libc/integral/normalize.inc
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
 #define __BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__ 16
 #endif
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 /* Programs should call GetStackSize() */
 #define APE_STACKSIZE 262144 /* default 256kb stack */
 #define FRAMESIZE     0x10000
diff --git a/libc/intrin/arememoryintervalsok.c b/libc/intrin/arememoryintervalsok.c
deleted file mode 100644
index e5e8f4599..000000000
--- a/libc/intrin/arememoryintervalsok.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h"
-
-dontasan bool AreMemoryIntervalsOk(const struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
-  /* asan runtime depends on this function */
-  int i;
-  size_t wantsize;
-  for (i = 0; i < mm->i; ++i) {
-    if (mm->p[i].y < mm->p[i].x) {
-      STRACE("AreMemoryIntervalsOk() y should be >= x!");
-      return false;
-    }
-    wantsize = (size_t)(mm->p[i].y - mm->p[i].x) * FRAMESIZE;
-    if (!(wantsize < mm->p[i].size && mm->p[i].size <= wantsize + FRAMESIZE)) {
-      STRACE("AreMemoryIntervalsOk(%p) size is wrong!"
-             " %'zu not within %'zu .. %'zu",
-             (uintptr_t)mm->p[i].x << 16, mm->p[i].size, wantsize,
-             wantsize + FRAMESIZE);
-      return false;
-    }
-    if (i) {
-      if (mm->p[i].h != -1 || mm->p[i - 1].h != -1) {
-        if (mm->p[i].x <= mm->p[i - 1].y) {
-          return false;
-        }
-      } else {
-        if (!(mm->p[i - 1].y + 1 <= mm->p[i].x)) {
-          STRACE("AreMemoryIntervalsOk() out of order or overlap!");
-          return false;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return true;
-}
diff --git a/libc/intrin/asan.c b/libc/intrin/asan.c
index ee91d38ed..940d7faac 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/asan.c
+++ b/libc/intrin/asan.c
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ static uint64_t __asan_roundup2pow(uint64_t x) {
 
 static char *__asan_utf8cpy(char *p, unsigned c) {
   uint64_t z;
-  z = _tpenc(c);
+  z = tpenc(c);
   do *p++ = z;
   while ((z >>= 8));
   return p;
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ static bool __asan_is_mapped(int x) {
   struct MemoryIntervals *m;
   __mmi_lock();
   m = _weaken(_mmi);
-  i = FindMemoryInterval(m, x);
+  i = __find_memory(m, x);
   res = i < m->i && x >= m->p[i].x;
   __mmi_unlock();
   return res;
@@ -1411,10 +1411,10 @@ void __asan_map_shadow(uintptr_t p, size_t n) {
     flag = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_FIXED | MAP_ANONYMOUS;
     sm = _weaken(sys_mmap)(addr, size, prot, flag, -1, 0);
     if (sm.addr == MAP_FAILED ||
-        _weaken(TrackMemoryInterval)(m, a, a + i - 1, sm.maphandle,
-                                     PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
-                                     MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_FIXED,
-                                     false, false, 0, size) == -1) {
+        _weaken(__track_memory)(m, a, a + i - 1, sm.maphandle,
+                                PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                                MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_FIXED, false,
+                                false, 0, size) == -1) {
       kprintf("error: could not map asan shadow memory\n");
       __asan_die()();
       __asan_unreachable();
@@ -1487,7 +1487,7 @@ void __asan_init(int argc, char **argv, char **envp, intptr_t *auxv) {
   }
   REQUIRE(_mmi);
   REQUIRE(sys_mmap);
-  REQUIRE(TrackMemoryInterval);
+  REQUIRE(__track_memory);
   if (_weaken(hook_malloc) || _weaken(hook_calloc) || _weaken(hook_realloc) ||
       _weaken(hook_realloc_in_place) || _weaken(hook_free) ||
       _weaken(hook_malloc_usable_size)) {
diff --git a/libc/intrin/bits.h b/libc/intrin/bits.h
index 72d583904..787aa9460 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/bits.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/bits.h
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-#ifdef COSMO
 
 int _bitreverse8(int) pureconst;
 int _bitreverse16(int) pureconst;
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ uint64_t _bitreverse64(uint64_t) pureconst;
     __p + 64 / 8;                        \
   }))
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/dll.h b/libc/intrin/dll.h
index ae18393a6..a3ed82c5d 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/dll.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/dll.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_DLL_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_DLL_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #define dll_make_first   __dll_make_first
 #define dll_make_last    __dll_make_last
 #define dll_remove       __dll_remove
@@ -53,5 +53,5 @@ void dll_splice_after(struct Dll *, struct Dll *) paramsnonnull((1)) libcesque;
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_DLL_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/extend.c b/libc/intrin/extend.c
index c13a6e650..2687279af 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/extend.c
+++ b/libc/intrin/extend.c
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ static void *_mapframe(void *p, int f) {
   flags = f | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_FIXED;
   if ((dm = sys_mmap(p, G, prot, flags, -1, 0)).addr == p) {
     __mmi_lock();
-    rc = TrackMemoryInterval(&_mmi, (uintptr_t)p >> 16, (uintptr_t)p >> 16,
-                             dm.maphandle, prot, flags, false, false, 0, G);
+    rc = __track_memory(&_mmi, (uintptr_t)p >> 16, (uintptr_t)p >> 16,
+                        dm.maphandle, prot, flags, false, false, 0, G);
     __mmi_unlock();
     if (!rc) {
       return p;
diff --git a/libc/intrin/findmemoryinterval.c b/libc/intrin/findmemoryinterval.c
index 30d28690d..6cda0f792 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/findmemoryinterval.c
+++ b/libc/intrin/findmemoryinterval.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h"
 
-dontasan unsigned FindMemoryInterval(const struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x) {
+dontasan unsigned __find_memory(const struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x) {
   unsigned l, m, r;
   l = 0;
   r = mm->i;
diff --git a/libc/intrin/hilbert.h b/libc/intrin/hilbert.h
index 1b4b477ac..71befd4e3 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/hilbert.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/hilbert.h
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_HILBERT_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_HILBERT_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-#ifdef COSMO
 #define hilbert   __hilbert
 #define unhilbert __unhilbert
 
 long hilbert(long, long, long) pureconst;
 axdx_t unhilbert(long, long) pureconst;
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_HILBERT_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/iswsl.c b/libc/intrin/iswsl.c
index 75a3ef391..dd3455251 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/iswsl.c
+++ b/libc/intrin/iswsl.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 /**
  * Returns true if host platform is WSL 1.0.
  */
-bool IsWsl1(void) {
+bool __iswsl1(void) {
   static char res;
   if (res) return res & 1;
   if (!IsLinux()) return res = 2, false;
diff --git a/libc/intrin/kprintf.h b/libc/intrin/kprintf.h
index 6c5d442b4..24b5f957d 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/kprintf.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/kprintf.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_KPRINTF_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_KPRINTF_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 #define kprintf      __kprintf
 #define ksnprintf    __ksnprintf
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ void _klog(const char *, size_t);
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_KPRINTF_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/likely.h b/libc/intrin/likely.h
index c05e671c7..d8f803b11 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/likely.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/likely.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_LIKELY_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_LIKELY_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 #define LIKELY(x)   __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
 #define UNLIKELY(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@
 #define VERY_UNLIKELY(x) UNLIKELY(x)
 #endif
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_LIKELY_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/memtrack.greg.c b/libc/intrin/memtrack.greg.c
index 8713d0793..7e2c8deb0 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/memtrack.greg.c
+++ b/libc/intrin/memtrack.greg.c
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/directmap.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/likely.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/log/libfatal.internal.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
@@ -37,18 +36,8 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/prot.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
-#if IsModeDbg()
-#define ASSERT_MEMTRACK()          \
-  if (!AreMemoryIntervalsOk(mm)) { \
-    PrintMemoryIntervals(2, mm);   \
-    notpossible;                   \
-  }
-#else
-#define ASSERT_MEMTRACK()
-#endif
-
-static void *MoveMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryInterval *d,
-                                 const struct MemoryInterval *s, int n) {
+static void *__shove_memory(struct MemoryInterval *d,
+                            const struct MemoryInterval *s, int n) {
   int i;
   unassert(n >= 0);
   if (d > s) {
@@ -63,14 +52,14 @@ static void *MoveMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryInterval *d,
   return d;
 }
 
-static void RemoveMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int i, int n) {
+static void __remove_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int i, int n) {
   unassert(i >= 0);
   unassert(i + n <= mm->i);
-  MoveMemoryIntervals(mm->p + i, mm->p + i + n, mm->i - (i + n));
+  __shove_memory(mm->p + i, mm->p + i + n, mm->i - (i + n));
   mm->i -= n;
 }
 
-static bool ExtendMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
+static bool __extend_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
   int prot, flags;
   char *base, *shad;
   size_t gran, size;
@@ -89,7 +78,7 @@ static bool ExtendMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
     }
     dm = sys_mmap(base, gran, prot, flags, -1, 0);
     if (!dm.addr) return false;
-    MoveMemoryIntervals(dm.addr, mm->p, mm->i);
+    __shove_memory(dm.addr, mm->p, mm->i);
     mm->p = dm.addr;
     mm->n = gran / sizeof(*mm->p);
   } else {
@@ -104,21 +93,20 @@ static bool ExtendMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
     if (!dm.addr) return false;
     mm->n = (size + gran) / sizeof(*mm->p);
   }
-  ASSERT_MEMTRACK();
   return true;
 }
 
-int CreateMemoryInterval(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int i) {
+static int __mint_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int i) {
   unassert(i >= 0);
   unassert(i <= mm->i);
   unassert(mm->n >= 0);
-  if (UNLIKELY(mm->i == mm->n) && !ExtendMemoryIntervals(mm)) return enomem();
-  MoveMemoryIntervals(mm->p + i + 1, mm->p + i, mm->i++ - i);
+  if (mm->i == mm->n && !__extend_memory(mm)) return enomem();
+  __shove_memory(mm->p + i + 1, mm->p + i, mm->i++ - i);
   return 0;
 }
 
-static int PunchHole(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y, int i) {
-  if (CreateMemoryInterval(mm, i) == -1) return -1;
+static int __punch_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y, int i) {
+  if (__mint_memory(mm, i) == -1) return -1;
   mm->p[i + 0].size -= (size_t)(mm->p[i + 0].y - (x - 1)) * FRAMESIZE;
   mm->p[i + 0].y = x - 1;
   mm->p[i + 1].size -= (size_t)((y + 1) - mm->p[i + 1].x) * FRAMESIZE;
@@ -126,19 +114,18 @@ static int PunchHole(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y, int i) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-int ReleaseMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y,
-                           void wf(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int)) {
+int __untrack_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y,
+                     void wf(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int)) {
   unsigned l, r;
-  ASSERT_MEMTRACK();
   unassert(y >= x);
   if (!mm->i) return 0;
   // binary search for the lefthand side
-  l = FindMemoryInterval(mm, x);
+  l = __find_memory(mm, x);
   if (l == mm->i) return 0;
   if (y < mm->p[l].x) return 0;
 
   // binary search for the righthand side
-  r = FindMemoryInterval(mm, y);
+  r = __find_memory(mm, y);
   if (r == mm->i || (r > l && y < mm->p[r].x)) --r;
   unassert(r >= l);
   unassert(x <= mm->p[r].y);
@@ -152,7 +139,7 @@ int ReleaseMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y,
   // this isn't possible on windows because we track each
   // 64kb segment on that platform using a separate entry
   if (l == r && x > mm->p[l].x && y < mm->p[l].y) {
-    return PunchHole(mm, x, y, l);
+    return __punch_memory(mm, x, y, l);
   }
 
   // trim the right side of the lefthand map
@@ -189,18 +176,17 @@ int ReleaseMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y,
     if (IsWindows() && wf) {
       wf(mm, l, r);
     }
-    RemoveMemoryIntervals(mm, l, r - l + 1);
+    __remove_memory(mm, l, r - l + 1);
   }
   return 0;
 }
 
-int TrackMemoryInterval(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y, long h,
-                        int prot, int flags, bool readonlyfile, bool iscow,
-                        long offset, long size) {
+int __track_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y, long h, int prot,
+                   int flags, bool readonlyfile, bool iscow, long offset,
+                   long size) {
   unsigned i;
-  ASSERT_MEMTRACK();
   unassert(y >= x);
-  i = FindMemoryInterval(mm, x);
+  i = __find_memory(mm, x);
 
   // try to extend the righthand side of the lefthand entry
   // we can't do that if we're tracking independent handles
@@ -216,7 +202,7 @@ int TrackMemoryInterval(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y, long h,
         prot == mm->p[i].prot && flags == mm->p[i].flags) {
       mm->p[i - 1].y = mm->p[i].y;
       mm->p[i - 1].size += mm->p[i].size;
-      RemoveMemoryIntervals(mm, i, 1);
+      __remove_memory(mm, i, 1);
     }
   }
 
@@ -231,7 +217,7 @@ int TrackMemoryInterval(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int x, int y, long h,
 
   // otherwise, create a new entry and memmove the items
   else {
-    if (CreateMemoryInterval(mm, i) == -1) return -1;
+    if (__mint_memory(mm, i) == -1) return -1;
     mm->p[i].x = x;
     mm->p[i].y = y;
     mm->p[i].h = h;
diff --git a/libc/intrin/pushpop.internal.h b/libc/intrin/pushpop.internal.h
index 20ace6e39..f71e9383e 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/pushpop.internal.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/pushpop.internal.h
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_PUSHPOP_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_PUSHPOP_H_
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-#ifdef COSMO
 
 #if !defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || !defined(__x86_64__) || \
     !defined(__MNO_RED_ZONE__)
@@ -54,6 +54,6 @@
   })
 #endif
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_PUSHPOP_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/repmovsb.h b/libc/intrin/repmovsb.h
index b6b0b6a01..7f096ae48 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/repmovsb.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/repmovsb.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_REPMOVSB_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_REPMOVSB_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 forceinline void repmovsb(void **dest, const void **src, size_t cx) {
   char *di = (char *)*dest;
@@ -23,6 +23,6 @@ forceinline void repmovsb(void **dest, const void **src, size_t cx) {
   })
 #endif
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_REPMOVSB_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/repstosb.h b/libc/intrin/repstosb.h
index 1f2051866..14ae6ad0f 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/repstosb.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/repstosb.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_REPSTOSB_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_REPSTOSB_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 forceinline void *repstosb(void *dest, unsigned char al, size_t cx) {
   unsigned char *di = (unsigned char *)dest;
@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@ forceinline void *repstosb(void *dest, unsigned char al, size_t cx) {
   })
 #endif
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_INTRIN_REPSTOSB_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/segmentation.h b/libc/intrin/segmentation.h
index c354aaa12..12e9eccee 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/segmentation.h
+++ b/libc/intrin/segmentation.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_SEGMENTATION_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 /**
  * Reads scalar from memory, offset by segment.
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
     Pk;                                                           \
   })
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* __GNUC__ && !__STRICT_ANSI__ */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_SEGMENTATION_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/intrin/tpenc.c b/libc/intrin/tpenc.c
index ef458e4b7..1f3b6b044 100644
--- a/libc/intrin/tpenc.c
+++ b/libc/intrin/tpenc.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/intrin/bsr.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
 
 static const uint16_t kTpEnc[32 - 7] = {
     1 | 0300 << 8, 1 | 0300 << 8, 1 | 0300 << 8, 1 | 0300 << 8, 2 | 0340 << 8,
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ static const uint16_t kTpEnc[32 - 7] = {
 /**
  * Encodes Thompson-Pike variable-length integer.
  */
-uint64_t _tpenc(uint32_t c) {
+uint64_t tpenc(uint32_t c) {
   int e, n;
   uint64_t w;
   if (0 <= c && c <= 127) return c;
diff --git a/libc/isystem/cosmo.h b/libc/isystem/cosmo.h
index 0eb3bcdc2..4cf250d90 100644
--- a/libc/isystem/cosmo.h
+++ b/libc/isystem/cosmo.h
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 #ifndef _COSMO_H
 #define _COSMO_H
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #define COSMO_ALREADY_DEFINED
 #else
-#define COSMO
+#define _COSMO_SOURCE
 #endif
 
 /**
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 #ifdef COSMO_ALREADY_DEFINED
 #undef COSMO_ALREADY_DEFINED
 #else
-#undef COSMO
+#undef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #endif
 
 #endif /* _COSMO_H */
diff --git a/libc/log/log.h b/libc/log/log.h
index 2a30c2f66..59a755a2a 100644
--- a/libc/log/log.h
+++ b/libc/log/log.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_LOG_LOG_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_LOG_LOG_H_
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 #define kLogFatal   0
@@ -229,4 +230,5 @@ void vffatalf(ARGS, va_list) asm("vflogf") ATTRV relegated wontreturn libcesque;
 #endif /* __STRICT_ANSI__ */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_LOG_LOG_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/log/vflogf.c b/libc/log/vflogf.c
index 5d1f29a4c..3508ce3ec 100644
--- a/libc/log/vflogf.c
+++ b/libc/log/vflogf.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/nexgen32e.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/dprintf.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
diff --git a/libc/mem/mem.h b/libc/mem/mem.h
index 7c0ad0b02..71d7a7e4f 100644
--- a/libc/mem/mem.h
+++ b/libc/mem/mem.h
@@ -55,10 +55,9 @@ size_t malloc_footprint(void);
 size_t malloc_max_footprint(void);
 size_t malloc_footprint_limit(void);
 size_t malloc_set_footprint_limit(size_t);
-void malloc_inspect_all(void (*handler)(void *, void *, size_t, void *),
-                        void *);
+void malloc_inspect_all(void (*)(void *, void *, size_t, void *), void *);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 bool __grow(void *, size_t *, size_t, size_t) paramsnonnull((1, 2)) libcesque;
 #endif
 
diff --git a/libc/nexgen32e/kcp437.S b/libc/nexgen32e/kcp437.S
index 99c4c20e3..1cef23638 100644
--- a/libc/nexgen32e/kcp437.S
+++ b/libc/nexgen32e/kcp437.S
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/str/tab.internal.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 .rodata
 .balign	2
diff --git a/libc/nexgen32e/kompressor.h b/libc/nexgen32e/kompressor.h
index e1800208c..948273911 100644
--- a/libc/nexgen32e/kompressor.h
+++ b/libc/nexgen32e/kompressor.h
@@ -1,5 +1,14 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_KOMPRESSOR_KOMPRESSOR_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_KOMPRESSOR_KOMPRESSOR_H_
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
+
+#define rldecode  __rldecode
+#define rldecode2 __rldecode2
+#define lz4check  __lz4check
+#define lz4cpy    __lz4cpy
+#define lz4len    __lz4len
+#define lz4decode __lz4decode
+
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 #if 0
@@ -22,4 +31,5 @@ void *lz4decode(void *dest, const void *src);
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_KOMPRESSOR_KOMPRESSOR_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/runtime/getdosargv.c b/libc/runtime/getdosargv.c
index b66a35a90..c5f9de975 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/getdosargv.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/getdosargv.c
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ textwindows dontasan void DecodeDosArgv(int ignore, struct DosArgv *st) {
 
 static textwindows dontasan void AppendDosArgv(wint_t wc, struct DosArgv *st) {
   uint64_t w;
-  w = _tpenc(wc);
+  w = tpenc(wc);
   do {
     if (st->p >= st->pe) break;
     *st->p++ = w & 0xff;
diff --git a/libc/runtime/getdosenviron.c b/libc/runtime/getdosenviron.c
index e46c7a3e6..474094c78 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/getdosenviron.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/getdosenviron.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Recode16to8(char *dst, size_t dstsize, const char16_t *src) {
         x = ToUpper(x);
       }
     }
-    w = _tpenc(x);
+    w = tpenc(x);
     do {
       if (r.ax + 1 < dstsize) {
         dst[r.ax++] = w;
diff --git a/libc/runtime/getmemtracksize.c b/libc/runtime/getmemtracksize.c
index af76f2a53..3b6746d63 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/getmemtracksize.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/getmemtracksize.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h"
 
-dontasan size_t GetMemtrackSize(struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
+dontasan size_t __get_memtrack_size(struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
   size_t i, n;
   for (n = i = 0; i < mm->i; ++i) {
     n += ((size_t)(mm->p[i].y - mm->p[i].x) + 1) << 16;
diff --git a/libc/runtime/internal.h b/libc/runtime/internal.h
index 73405c47b..05cdde356 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/internal.h
+++ b/libc/runtime/internal.h
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ int GetDosEnviron(const char16_t *, char *, size_t, char **, size_t);
 bool __intercept_flag(int *, char *[], const char *);
 int sys_mprotect_nt(void *, size_t, int);
 int __inflate(void *, size_t, const void *, size_t);
-void *_Mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, int64_t) dontasan;
-int _Munmap(char *, size_t) dontasan;
+void *__mmap_unlocked(void *, size_t, int, int, int, int64_t) dontasan;
+int __munmap_unlocked(char *, size_t) dontasan;
 void __on_arithmetic_overflow(void);
 void __init_fds(int, char **, char **);
 
diff --git a/libc/runtime/ismemtracked.greg.c b/libc/runtime/ismemtracked.greg.c
index eb7c658c0..b4572a6c6 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/ismemtracked.greg.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/ismemtracked.greg.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 static inline bool IsMemtrackedImpl(int x, int y) {
   unsigned i;
-  i = FindMemoryInterval(&_mmi, x);
+  i = __find_memory(&_mmi, x);
   if (i == _mmi.i) return false;
   if (x < _mmi.p[i].x) return false;
   for (;;) {
diff --git a/libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h b/libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h
index c22236757..53245cf56 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h
+++ b/libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h
@@ -52,16 +52,16 @@ void __mmi_unlock(void);
 void __mmi_funlock(void);
 bool IsMemtracked(int, int);
 void PrintSystemMappings(int);
-unsigned FindMemoryInterval(const struct MemoryIntervals *, int) nosideeffect;
-bool AreMemoryIntervalsOk(const struct MemoryIntervals *) nosideeffect;
+unsigned __find_memory(const struct MemoryIntervals *, int) nosideeffect;
+bool __check_memtrack(const struct MemoryIntervals *) nosideeffect;
 void PrintMemoryIntervals(int, const struct MemoryIntervals *);
-int TrackMemoryInterval(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int, long, int, int,
-                        bool, bool, long, long);
-int ReleaseMemoryIntervals(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int,
-                           void (*)(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int));
-void ReleaseMemoryNt(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int);
-int UntrackMemoryIntervals(void *, size_t);
-size_t GetMemtrackSize(struct MemoryIntervals *);
+int __track_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int, long, int, int, bool,
+                   bool, long, long);
+int __untrack_memory(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int,
+                     void (*)(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int));
+void __release_memory_nt(struct MemoryIntervals *, int, int);
+int __untrack_memories(void *, size_t);
+size_t __get_memtrack_size(struct MemoryIntervals *);
 
 #ifdef _NOPL0
 #define __mmi_lock()   _NOPL0("__threadcalls", __mmi_lock)
diff --git a/libc/runtime/memtracknt.c b/libc/runtime/memtracknt.c
index 9f963903f..b6889a28f 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/memtracknt.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/memtracknt.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static inline dontasan void *GetFrameAddr(int f) {
   return (void *)a;
 }
 
-dontasan void ReleaseMemoryNt(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int l, int r) {
+dontasan void __release_memory_nt(struct MemoryIntervals *mm, int l, int r) {
   int i;
   for (i = l; i <= r; ++i) {
     UnmapViewOfFile(GetFrameAddr(mm->p[i].x));
diff --git a/libc/runtime/mmap.c b/libc/runtime/mmap.c
index 4c7130e85..291147ad1 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/mmap.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/mmap.c
@@ -68,22 +68,22 @@
 #define SHADE(x)   (((intptr_t)(x) >> 3) + 0x7fff8000)
 #define FRAME(x)   ((int)((intptr_t)(x) >> 16))
 
-static pureconst unsigned long RoundDownTwoPow(unsigned long x) {
+static inline pureconst unsigned long __rounddown2pow(unsigned long x) {
   return x ? 1ul << _bsrl(x) : 0;
 }
 
-static wontreturn void OnUnrecoverableMmapError(const char *s) {
+static wontreturn void __mmap_die(const char *s) {
   if (_weaken(__die)) _weaken(__die)();
   STRACE("%s %m", s);
   _Exitr(199);
 }
 
-static dontasan inline bool OverlapsExistingMapping(char *p, size_t n) {
+static dontasan inline bool __overlaps_existing_mapping(char *p, size_t n) {
   int a, b, i;
   unassert(n > 0);
   a = FRAME(p);
   b = FRAME(p + (n - 1));
-  i = FindMemoryInterval(&_mmi, a);
+  i = __find_memory(&_mmi, a);
   if (i < _mmi.i) {
     if (a <= _mmi.p[i].x && _mmi.p[i].x <= b) return true;
     if (a <= _mmi.p[i].y && _mmi.p[i].y <= b) return true;
@@ -92,14 +92,14 @@ static dontasan inline bool OverlapsExistingMapping(char *p, size_t n) {
   return false;
 }
 
-static dontasan bool ChooseMemoryInterval(int x, int n, int align, int *res) {
+static dontasan bool __choose_memory(int x, int n, int align, int *res) {
   // TODO: improve performance
   int i, start, end;
   unassert(align > 0);
   if (_mmi.i) {
 
     // find the start of the automap memory region
-    i = FindMemoryInterval(&_mmi, x);
+    i = __find_memory(&_mmi, x);
     if (i < _mmi.i) {
 
       // check to see if there's space available before the first entry
@@ -153,23 +153,23 @@ static dontasan bool ChooseMemoryInterval(int x, int n, int align, int *res) {
   return false;
 }
 
-dontasan static bool Automap(int count, int align, int *res) {
-  return ChooseMemoryInterval(FRAME(kAutomapStart), count, align, res) &&
+dontasan static bool __auto_map(int count, int align, int *res) {
+  return __choose_memory(FRAME(kAutomapStart), count, align, res) &&
          *res + count <= FRAME(kAutomapStart + (kAutomapSize - 1));
 }
 
-static dontasan void *FinishMemory(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
-                                   int fd, int64_t off, int f, int x, int n,
-                                   struct DirectMap dm) {
+static dontasan void *__finish_memory(void *addr, size_t size, int prot,
+                                      int flags, int fd, int64_t off, int f,
+                                      int x, int n, struct DirectMap dm) {
   if (!IsWindows() && (flags & MAP_FIXED)) {
-    if (UntrackMemoryIntervals(addr, size)) {
-      OnUnrecoverableMmapError("FIXED UNTRACK FAILED");
+    if (__untrack_memories(addr, size)) {
+      __mmap_die("FIXED UNTRACK FAILED");
     }
   }
-  if (TrackMemoryInterval(&_mmi, x, x + (n - 1), dm.maphandle, prot, flags,
-                          false, false, off, size)) {
+  if (__track_memory(&_mmi, x, x + (n - 1), dm.maphandle, prot, flags, false,
+                     false, off, size)) {
     if (sys_munmap(addr, n) == -1) {
-      OnUnrecoverableMmapError("TRACK MUNMAP FAILED");
+      __mmap_die("TRACK MUNMAP FAILED");
     }
     return MAP_FAILED;
   }
@@ -179,21 +179,20 @@ static dontasan void *FinishMemory(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
   return addr;
 }
 
-static dontasan void *MapMemory(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
-                                int fd, int64_t off, int f, int x, int n) {
+static dontasan void *__map_memory(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
+                                   int fd, int64_t off, int f, int x, int n) {
   struct DirectMap dm;
   dm = sys_mmap(addr, size, prot, f, fd, off);
   if (VERY_UNLIKELY(dm.addr == MAP_FAILED)) {
     if (IsWindows() && (flags & MAP_FIXED)) {
-      OnUnrecoverableMmapError(
-          "can't recover from MAP_FIXED errors on Windows");
+      __mmap_die("can't recover from MAP_FIXED errors on Windows");
     }
     return MAP_FAILED;
   }
   if (VERY_UNLIKELY(dm.addr != addr)) {
-    OnUnrecoverableMmapError("KERNEL DIDN'T RESPECT MAP_FIXED");
+    __mmap_die("KERNEL DIDN'T RESPECT MAP_FIXED");
   }
-  return FinishMemory(addr, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n, dm);
+  return __finish_memory(addr, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n, dm);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -202,11 +201,9 @@ static dontasan void *MapMemory(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
  * This is useful on Windows since it allows us to partially unmap or
  * punch holes into existing mappings.
  */
-static textwindows dontinline dontasan void *MapMemories(char *addr,
-                                                         size_t size, int prot,
-                                                         int flags, int fd,
-                                                         int64_t off, int f,
-                                                         int x, int n) {
+static textwindows dontinline dontasan void *__map_memories(
+    char *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags, int fd, int64_t off, int f,
+    int x, int n) {
   size_t i, m;
   int64_t oi, sz;
   struct DirectMap dm;
@@ -221,19 +218,19 @@ static textwindows dontinline dontasan void *MapMemories(char *addr,
   iscow = (flags & MAP_TYPE) != MAP_SHARED && fd != -1;
   readonlyfile = (flags & MAP_TYPE) == MAP_SHARED && fd != -1 &&
                  (g_fds.p[fd].flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY;
-  if (TrackMemoryInterval(&_mmi, x + (n - 1), x + (n - 1), dm.maphandle, prot,
-                          flags, readonlyfile, iscow, oi, sz) == -1) {
-    OnUnrecoverableMmapError("MapMemories unrecoverable #1");
+  if (__track_memory(&_mmi, x + (n - 1), x + (n - 1), dm.maphandle, prot, flags,
+                     readonlyfile, iscow, oi, sz) == -1) {
+    __mmap_die("__map_memories unrecoverable #1");
   }
   for (i = 0; i < m; i += FRAMESIZE) {
     oi = fd == -1 ? 0 : off + i;
     sz = FRAMESIZE;
     dm = sys_mmap(addr + i, sz, prot, f, fd, oi);
     if (dm.addr == MAP_FAILED ||
-        TrackMemoryInterval(&_mmi, x + i / FRAMESIZE, x + i / FRAMESIZE,
-                            dm.maphandle, prot, flags, readonlyfile, iscow, oi,
-                            sz) == -1) {
-      OnUnrecoverableMmapError("MapMemories unrecoverable #2");
+        __track_memory(&_mmi, x + i / FRAMESIZE, x + i / FRAMESIZE,
+                       dm.maphandle, prot, flags, readonlyfile, iscow, oi,
+                       sz) == -1) {
+      __mmap_die("__map_memories unrecoverable #2");
     }
   }
   if (_weaken(__asan_map_shadow) && !OverlapsShadowSpace(addr, size)) {
@@ -242,8 +239,8 @@ static textwindows dontinline dontasan void *MapMemories(char *addr,
   return addr;
 }
 
-dontasan inline void *_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
-                            int fd, int64_t off) {
+dontasan inline void *__mmap_unlocked(void *addr, size_t size, int prot,
+                                      int flags, int fd, int64_t off) {
   char *p = addr;
   struct DirectMap dm;
   size_t requested_size;
@@ -301,14 +298,15 @@ dontasan inline void *_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
   }
 
   if (__virtualmax < LONG_MAX &&
-      (ckd_add(&virtualneed, (virtualused = GetMemtrackSize(&_mmi)), size) ||
+      (ckd_add(&virtualneed, (virtualused = __get_memtrack_size(&_mmi)),
+               size) ||
        virtualneed > __virtualmax)) {
     STRACE("mmap %'zu size + %'zu inuse exceeds virtual memory limit %'zu",
            size, virtualused, __virtualmax);
     return VIP(enomem());
   }
 
-  clashes = OverlapsImageSpace(p, size) || OverlapsExistingMapping(p, size);
+  clashes = OverlapsImageSpace(p, size) || __overlaps_existing_mapping(p, size);
 
   if ((flags & MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE) == MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE && clashes) {
     STRACE("mmap noreplace overlaps existing");
@@ -320,18 +318,18 @@ dontasan inline void *_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
     return VIP(einval());
   }
 
-  a = MAX(1, RoundDownTwoPow(size) >> 16);
+  a = MAX(1, __rounddown2pow(size) >> 16);
   f = (flags & ~MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE) | MAP_FIXED;
   if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
     x = FRAME(p);
     if (IsWindows()) {
-      if (UntrackMemoryIntervals(p, size)) {
-        OnUnrecoverableMmapError("FIXED UNTRACK FAILED");
+      if (__untrack_memories(p, size)) {
+        __mmap_die("FIXED UNTRACK FAILED");
       }
     }
   } else if (p && !clashes && !OverlapsShadowSpace(p, size)) {
     x = FRAME(p);
-  } else if (!Automap(n, a, &x)) {
+  } else if (!__auto_map(n, a, &x)) {
     STRACE("automap has no room for %d frames with %d alignment", n, a);
     return VIP(enomem());
   }
@@ -379,7 +377,7 @@ dontasan inline void *_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
                           MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0)
                      .addr == p);
         dm.addr = p;
-        p = FinishMemory(p, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n, dm);
+        p = __finish_memory(p, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n, dm);
         if (IsAsan() && p != MAP_FAILED) {
           __asan_poison(p, page_size, kAsanStackOverflow);
         }
@@ -398,9 +396,9 @@ dontasan inline void *_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
   }
 
   if (!IsWindows()) {
-    p = MapMemory(p, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n);
+    p = __map_memory(p, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n);
   } else {
-    p = MapMemories(p, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n);
+    p = __map_memories(p, size, prot, flags, fd, off, f, x, n);
   }
 
   if (p != MAP_FAILED) {
@@ -477,14 +475,14 @@ void *mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags, int fd, int64_t off) {
 #endif
   __mmi_lock();
   if (!__isfdkind(fd, kFdZip)) {
-    res = _Mmap(addr, size, prot, flags, fd, off);
+    res = __mmap_unlocked(addr, size, prot, flags, fd, off);
   } else {
-    res = _weaken(__zipos_Mmap)(
+    res = _weaken(__zipos_mmap)(
         addr, size, prot, flags,
         (struct ZiposHandle *)(intptr_t)g_fds.p[fd].handle, off);
   }
 #if SYSDEBUG
-  toto = __strace > 0 ? GetMemtrackSize(&_mmi) : 0;
+  toto = __strace > 0 ? __get_memtrack_size(&_mmi) : 0;
 #endif
   __mmi_unlock();
   STRACE("mmap(%p, %'zu, %s, %s, %d, %'ld) → %p% m (%'zu bytes total)", addr,
diff --git a/libc/runtime/mprotect-nt.greg.c b/libc/runtime/mprotect-nt.greg.c
index 23071dc6c..24f507381 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/mprotect-nt.greg.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/mprotect-nt.greg.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ textwindows int sys_mprotect_nt(void *addr, size_t size, int prot) {
   __mmi_lock();
   size = (size + 4095) & -4096;
   p = addr;
-  i = FindMemoryInterval(&_mmi, (intptr_t)p >> 16);
+  i = __find_memory(&_mmi, (intptr_t)p >> 16);
   if (i == _mmi.i || (!i && p + size <= (char *)ADDR_32_TO_48(_mmi.p[0].x))) {
     // memory isn't in memtrack
     // let's just trust the user then
diff --git a/libc/runtime/msync-nt.c b/libc/runtime/msync-nt.c
index bda786812..ece63a8e1 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/msync-nt.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/msync-nt.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ dontasan textwindows int sys_msync_nt(char *addr, size_t size, int flags) {
   int i, rc = 0;
   char *a, *b, *x, *y;
   __mmi_lock();
-  for (i = FindMemoryInterval(&_mmi, (intptr_t)addr >> 16); i < _mmi.i; ++i) {
+  for (i = __find_memory(&_mmi, (intptr_t)addr >> 16); i < _mmi.i; ++i) {
     x = (char *)ADDR_32_TO_48(_mmi.p[i].x);
     y = x + _mmi.p[i].size;
     if ((x <= addr && addr < y) || (x < addr + size && addr + size <= y) ||
diff --git a/libc/runtime/munmap.c b/libc/runtime/munmap.c
index 9a842d6e0..cae2744d2 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/munmap.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/munmap.c
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@
 #define ALIGNED(p) (!(IP(p) & (FRAMESIZE - 1)))
 #define FRAME(x)   ((int)((intptr_t)(x) >> 16))
 
-static dontasan void MunmapShadow(char *p, size_t n) {
+static dontasan void __munmap_shadow(char *p, size_t n) {
   intptr_t a, b, x, y;
-  KERNTRACE("MunmapShadow(%p, %'zu)", p, n);
+  KERNTRACE("__munmap_shadow(%p, %'zu)", p, n);
   a = ((intptr_t)p >> 3) + 0x7fff8000;
   b = a + (n >> 3);
   if (IsMemtracked(FRAME(a), FRAME(b - 1))) {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ static dontasan void MunmapShadow(char *p, size_t n) {
       // to be >1mb since we can only unmap it if it's aligned, and
       // as such we poison the edges if there are any.
       __repstosb((void *)a, kAsanUnmapped, x - a);
-      _Munmap((void *)x, y - x);
+      __munmap_unlocked((void *)x, y - x);
       __repstosb((void *)y, kAsanUnmapped, b - y);
     } else {
       // otherwise just poison and assume reuse
@@ -66,15 +66,15 @@ static dontasan void MunmapShadow(char *p, size_t n) {
 // our api supports doing things like munmap(0, 0x7fffffffffff) but some
 // platforms (e.g. openbsd) require that we know the specific intervals
 // or else it returns EINVAL. so we munmap a piecewise.
-static dontasan void MunmapImpl(char *p, size_t n) {
+static dontasan void __munmap_impl(char *p, size_t n) {
   char *q;
   size_t m;
   intptr_t a, b, c;
   int i, l, r, rc, beg, end;
-  KERNTRACE("MunmapImpl(%p, %'zu)", p, n);
+  KERNTRACE("__munmap_impl(%p, %'zu)", p, n);
   l = FRAME(p);
   r = FRAME(p + n - 1);
-  i = FindMemoryInterval(&_mmi, l);
+  i = __find_memory(&_mmi, l);
   for (; i < _mmi.i && r >= _mmi.p[i].x; ++i) {
     if (l >= _mmi.p[i].x && r <= _mmi.p[i].y) {
 
@@ -104,15 +104,15 @@ static dontasan void MunmapImpl(char *p, size_t n) {
     if (!IsWindows()) {
       npassert(!sys_munmap(q, m));
     } else {
-      // Handled by UntrackMemoryIntervals() on Windows
+      // Handled by __untrack_memories() on Windows
     }
     if (IsAsan() && !OverlapsShadowSpace(p, n)) {
-      MunmapShadow(q, m);
+      __munmap_shadow(q, m);
     }
   }
 }
 
-dontasan int _Munmap(char *p, size_t n) {
+dontasan int __munmap_unlocked(char *p, size_t n) {
   unsigned i;
   char poison;
   intptr_t a, b, x, y;
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ dontasan int _Munmap(char *p, size_t n) {
     STRACE("munmap(%p) isn't 64kb aligned", p);
     return einval();
   }
-  MunmapImpl(p, n);
-  return UntrackMemoryIntervals(p, n);
+  __munmap_impl(p, n);
+  return __untrack_memories(p, n);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@ int munmap(void *p, size_t n) {
   int rc;
   size_t toto;
   __mmi_lock();
-  rc = _Munmap(p, n);
+  rc = __munmap_unlocked(p, n);
 #if SYSDEBUG
-  toto = __strace > 0 ? GetMemtrackSize(&_mmi) : 0;
+  toto = __strace > 0 ? __get_memtrack_size(&_mmi) : 0;
 #endif
   __mmi_unlock();
   STRACE("munmap(%.12p, %'zu) → %d% m (%'zu bytes total)", p, n, rc, toto);
diff --git a/libc/runtime/openexecutable.c b/libc/runtime/openexecutable.c
index 2e0af255f..48f2a430f 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/openexecutable.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/openexecutable.c
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 
-int _OpenExecutable(void) {
+int __open_executable(void) {
   tinyprint(2,
             "error: redbean StoreAsset() support is currently unavailable "
-            "because _OpenExecutable() in a regressed state, due to the "
+            "because __open_executable() in a regressed state, due to the "
             "work we're doing on Arm64 support; we're hoping to address "
             "this soon; please try using redbean v2.2 or rewinding to "
             "commit 38112aeb206cc95ef615c268ca809cad693ecb9e\n",
diff --git a/libc/runtime/runtime.h b/libc/runtime/runtime.h
index 140453843..e619bcb0e 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/runtime.h
+++ b/libc/runtime/runtime.h
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ typedef unsigned long jmp_buf[26];
 
 typedef long sigjmp_buf[12];
 
-extern char **environ;
-
 void mcount(void);
 int daemon(int, int);
 unsigned long getauxval(unsigned long);
@@ -65,7 +63,11 @@ int getdtablesize(void);
 int sethostname(const char *, size_t);
 int acct(const char *);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#if defined(_GNU_SOURCE) || defined(_COSMO_SOURCE)
+extern char **environ;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 extern int __argc;
 extern char **__argv;
 extern char **__envp;
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ int _cocmd(int, char **, char **);
 /* executable program */
 char *GetProgramExecutableName(void);
 char *GetInterpreterExecutableName(char *, size_t);
-int _OpenExecutable(void);
+int __open_executable(void);
 /* execution control */
 int verynice(void);
 axdx_t setlongerjmp(jmp_buf)
@@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ void GetCpuidBrand(char[13], uint32_t);
 long _GetResourceLimit(int);
 const char *__describe_os(void);
 int __arg_max(void);
-#endif
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/runtime/runtime.mk b/libc/runtime/runtime.mk
index d5317e4d1..08b5232b8 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/runtime.mk
+++ b/libc/runtime/runtime.mk
@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/ftracer.o: private		\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/cosmo2.o				\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/fork-nt.o			\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/printmemoryintervals.o		\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/arememoryintervalsok.o		\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/findmemoryinterval.o		\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/sys_mprotect.greg.o		\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/runtime/getdosargv.o			\
diff --git a/libc/runtime/stack.h b/libc/runtime/stack.h
index d9d82c25c..84499718c 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/stack.h
+++ b/libc/runtime/stack.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_RUNTIME_STACK_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_RUNTIME_STACK_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 /**
  * Tunes APE stack maximum size.
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ forceinline void CheckLargeStackAllocation(void *p, ssize_t n) {
 void *NewCosmoStack(void) vallocesque;
 int FreeCosmoStack(void *) libcesque;
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* GNU ELF */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_RUNTIME_STACK_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/runtime/untrackmemoryintervals.c b/libc/runtime/untrackmemoryintervals.c
index 73221926e..f3fafd27d 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/untrackmemoryintervals.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/untrackmemoryintervals.c
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h"
 
-int UntrackMemoryIntervals(void *addr, size_t size) {
+int __untrack_memories(void *addr, size_t size) {
   int a, b;
   unassert(size > 0);
   a = ROUNDDOWN((intptr_t)addr, FRAMESIZE) >> 16;
   b = ROUNDDOWN((intptr_t)addr + size - 1, FRAMESIZE) >> 16;
-  return ReleaseMemoryIntervals(&_mmi, a, b,
-                                SupportsWindows() ? ReleaseMemoryNt : 0);
+  return __untrack_memory(&_mmi, a, b,
+                          SupportsWindows() ? __release_memory_nt : 0);
 }
diff --git a/libc/runtime/warnifpowersave.c b/libc/runtime/warnifpowersave.c
index 7d3ef9b5b..bc3ceaff1 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/warnifpowersave.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/warnifpowersave.c
@@ -37,6 +37,6 @@ void __warn_if_powersave(void) {
   if ((fd = open(FILE, O_RDONLY)) == -1) return;
   read(fd, buf, 15);
   close(fd);
-  if (!_startswith(buf, "powersave")) return;
+  if (!startswith(buf, "powersave")) return;
   write(2, WARN, sizeof(WARN) - 1);
 }
diff --git a/libc/runtime/zipos-mmap.c b/libc/runtime/zipos-mmap.c
index f07db7f84..efc383bf9 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/zipos-mmap.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/zipos-mmap.c
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
  *     it does not need to be 64kb aligned.
  * @return virtual base address of new mapping, or MAP_FAILED w/ errno
  */
-dontasan void *__zipos_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
+dontasan void *__zipos_mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
                             struct ZiposHandle *h, int64_t off) {
   if (!(flags & MAP_PRIVATE) ||
       (flags & ~(MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_FILE | MAP_FIXED | MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE)) ||
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ dontasan void *__zipos_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
   }
 
   const int tempProt = !IsXnu() ? prot | PROT_WRITE : PROT_WRITE;
-  void *outAddr =
-      _Mmap(addr, size, tempProt, (flags & (~MAP_FILE)) | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+  void *outAddr = __mmap_unlocked(addr, size, tempProt,
+                                  (flags & (~MAP_FILE)) | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
   if (outAddr == MAP_FAILED) {
     return MAP_FAILED;
   }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ dontasan void *__zipos_Mmap(void *addr, size_t size, int prot, int flags,
     return outAddr;
   } while (0);
   const int e = errno;
-  _Munmap(outAddr, size);
+  __munmap_unlocked(outAddr, size);
   errno = e;
   strace_enabled(+1);
   return MAP_FAILED;
diff --git a/libc/runtime/zipos.S b/libc/runtime/zipos.S
index d45b82394..769e6a75d 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/zipos.S
+++ b/libc/runtime/zipos.S
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 	.yoink	__zipos_read
 	.yoink	__zipos_stat
 	.yoink	__zipos_notat
-	.yoink	__zipos_Mmap
+	.yoink	__zipos_mmap
 
 //	TODO(jart): why does corruption happen when zip has no assets?
 	.yoink	.cosmo
diff --git a/libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h b/libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h
index 77e9eba38..b107964f4 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h
+++ b/libc/runtime/zipos.internal.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ ssize_t __zipos_write(struct ZiposHandle *, const struct iovec *, size_t,
 int64_t __zipos_lseek(struct ZiposHandle *, int64_t, unsigned);
 int __zipos_fcntl(int, int, uintptr_t);
 int __zipos_notat(int, const char *);
-void *__zipos_Mmap(void *, uint64_t, int32_t, int32_t, struct ZiposHandle *,
+void *__zipos_mmap(void *, uint64_t, int32_t, int32_t, struct ZiposHandle *,
                    int64_t) dontasan;
 
 #ifdef _NOPL0
diff --git a/libc/stdio/__fpurge.c b/libc/stdio/__fpurge.c
index ae87dd1ed..fcd95a8b5 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/__fpurge.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/__fpurge.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/__fseterr.c b/libc/stdio/__fseterr.c
index c975a1678..383420df5 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/__fseterr.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/__fseterr.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 
 void __fseterr(FILE *f) {
diff --git a/libc/stdio/alloc.c b/libc/stdio/alloc.c
index 53391b124..bfa1dae35 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/alloc.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/alloc.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ FILE *__stdio_alloc(void) {
     f = kmalloc(sizeof(FILE));
   }
   if (f) {
-    ((pthread_mutex_t *)f->lock)->_type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
+    f->lock._type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
   }
   return f;
 }
diff --git a/libc/stdio/alphasort.c b/libc/stdio/alphasort.c
index 89f506eb8..8b69d4fbb 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/alphasort.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/alphasort.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/struct/dirent.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
 int alphasort(const struct dirent **a, const struct dirent **b) {
diff --git a/libc/stdio/append.h b/libc/stdio/append.h
index 525a09b97..e51b9cf78 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/append.h
+++ b/libc/stdio/append.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_STDIO_APPEND_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_STDIO_APPEND_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 #define APPEND_COOKIE 21578
 
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ ssize_t kvappendf(char **, const char *, va_list);
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_STDIO_APPEND_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/stdio/clearerr_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/clearerr_unlocked.c
index 3214dadc0..55f048a7d 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/clearerr_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/clearerr_unlocked.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fbufsize.c b/libc/stdio/fbufsize.c
index 254276b64..d8523d4a6 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fbufsize.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fbufsize.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/feof_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/feof_unlocked.c
index 62aea2269..97306d90f 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/feof_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/feof_unlocked.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/ferror_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/ferror_unlocked.c
index 15981a3af..ddbbd58d2 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/ferror_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/ferror_unlocked.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fflush_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fflush_unlocked.c
index c1f1207fd..f9132bb2c 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fflush_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fflush_unlocked.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static void __stdio_fork_prepare(void) {
   __fflush_lock();
   for (int i = 0; i < __fflush.handles.i; ++i) {
     if ((f = __fflush.handles.p[i])) {
-      pthread_mutex_lock((pthread_mutex_t *)f->lock);
+      pthread_mutex_lock(&f->lock);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ static void __stdio_fork_parent(void) {
   FILE *f;
   for (int i = __fflush.handles.i; i--;) {
     if ((f = __fflush.handles.p[i])) {
-      pthread_mutex_unlock((pthread_mutex_t *)f->lock);
+      pthread_mutex_unlock(&f->lock);
     }
   }
   __fflush_unlock();
@@ -60,12 +60,10 @@ static void __stdio_fork_parent(void) {
 
 static void __stdio_fork_child(void) {
   FILE *f;
-  pthread_mutex_t *m;
   for (int i = __fflush.handles.i; i--;) {
     if ((f = __fflush.handles.p[i])) {
-      m = (pthread_mutex_t *)f->lock;
-      bzero(m, sizeof(*m));
-      m->_type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
+      bzero(&f->lock, sizeof(f->lock));
+      f->lock._type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
     }
   }
   pthread_mutex_init(&__fflush_lock_obj, 0);
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fgetc_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fgetc_unlocked.c
index 03fb0c505..33ec963e4 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fgetc_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fgetc_unlocked.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fgetln.c b/libc/stdio/fgetln.c
index 483786136..33cff3ad9 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fgetln.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fgetln.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@
  * Retrieves line from stream, e.g.
  *
  *     char *line;
- *     while ((line = _chomp(fgetln(stdin, 0)))) {
+ *     while ((line = chomp(fgetln(stdin, 0)))) {
  *       printf("%s\n", line);
  *     }
  *
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fgets.c b/libc/stdio/fgets.c
index fdd50cd3f..8551c609a 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fgets.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fgets.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  *
  * This function is similar to getline() except it'll truncate lines
  * exceeding size. The line ending marker is included and may be removed
- * using _chomp().
+ * using chomp().
  *
  * When reading from the console on Windows in `ICANON` mode, the
  * returned line will end with `\r\n` rather than `\n`.
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fgets_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fgets_unlocked.c
index a8f398e46..04db956f3 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fgets_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fgets_unlocked.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@
  *
  * This function is similar to getline() except it'll truncate lines
  * exceeding size. The line ending marker is included and may be removed
- * using _chomp().
+ * using chomp().
  *
  * @param s is output buffer
  * @param size is capacity of s
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fgetwc_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fgetwc_unlocked.c
index 62ae0fea2..8aa693528 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fgetwc_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fgetwc_unlocked.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/thompike.h"
 #include "libc/str/tpdecodecb.internal.h"
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fgetws.c b/libc/stdio/fgetws.c
index f116a51f5..4ba76f11f 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fgetws.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fgetws.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  *
  * This function is similar to getline() except it'll truncate lines
  * exceeding size. The line ending marker is included and may be removed
- * using _chomp().
+ * using chomp().
  *
  * @param s is is nul-terminated string that's non-null
  * @param size is byte length of `s`
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fgetws_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fgetws_unlocked.c
index 6d17b1c4e..a51b7c6f5 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fgetws_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fgetws_unlocked.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  *
  * This function is similar to getline() except it'll truncate lines
  * exceeding size. The line ending marker is included and may be removed
- * using _chomp().
+ * using chomp().
  *
  * @param s is is nul-terminated string that's non-null
  * @param size is byte length of `s`
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fileno_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fileno_unlocked.c
index 43c93e950..fa0bcc4c7 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fileno_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fileno_unlocked.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/flbf.c b/libc/stdio/flbf.c
index 661e09a73..a7e9ae9d9 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/flbf.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/flbf.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/flockfile.c b/libc/stdio/flockfile.c
index 903f1f24e..8b340672f 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/flockfile.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/flockfile.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/thread/thread.h"
@@ -24,5 +25,5 @@
  * Acquires reentrant lock on stdio object, blocking if needed.
  */
 void(flockfile)(FILE *f) {
-  pthread_mutex_lock((pthread_mutex_t *)f->lock);
+  pthread_mutex_lock(&f->lock);
 }
diff --git a/libc/stdio/flushlbf.c b/libc/stdio/flushlbf.c
index 4cb0ae050..b121f6da2 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/flushlbf.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/flushlbf.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/fflush.internal.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fmt.c b/libc/stdio/fmt.c
index 9c3694029..58233cf3e 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fmt.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fmt.c
@@ -358,14 +358,14 @@ static int __fmt_stoa_byte(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t c) {
 
 static int __fmt_stoa_wide(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t w) {
   char buf[8];
-  if (!isascii(w)) w = _tpenc(w);
+  if (!isascii(w)) w = tpenc(w);
   WRITE64LE(buf, w);
   return out(buf, a, w ? (_bsr(w) >> 3) + 1 : 1);
 }
 
 static int __fmt_stoa_bing(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t w) {
   char buf[8];
-  w = _tpenc(kCp437[w & 0xFF]);
+  w = tpenc(kCp437[w & 0xFF]);
   WRITE64LE(buf, w);
   return out(buf, a, w ? (_bsr(w) >> 3) + 1 : 1);
 }
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ static int __fmt_stoa_quoted(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t w) {
   if (isascii(w)) {
     w = __fmt_cescapec(w);
   } else {
-    w = _tpenc(w);
+    w = tpenc(w);
   }
   WRITE64LE(buf, w);
   return out(buf, a, w ? (_bsr(w) >> 3) + 1 : 1);
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fopen.c b/libc/stdio/fopen.c
index effa3d167..0cfc64697 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fopen.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fopen.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fpending.c b/libc/stdio/fpending.c
index 1d540711a..936155865 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fpending.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fpending.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fpurge.c b/libc/stdio/fpurge.c
index ac9361f0c..2bbdd0e8e 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fpurge.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fpurge.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fputc_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fputc_unlocked.c
index 41494f8eb..0e2fe53e4 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fputc_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fputc_unlocked.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fputwc_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fputwc_unlocked.c
index fd60a2383..9961c28a5 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fputwc_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fputwc_unlocked.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 wint_t fputwc_unlocked(wchar_t wc, FILE *f) {
   uint64_t w;
   if (wc != -1) {
-    w = _tpenc(wc);
+    w = tpenc(wc);
     do {
       if (fputc_unlocked(w, f) == -1) {
         return -1;
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fputws_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fputws_unlocked.c
index 90e0d40c2..a8eb5e67c 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fputws_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fputws_unlocked.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 /**
diff --git a/libc/stdio/freadable.c b/libc/stdio/freadable.c
index 23281cb61..37535bc7e 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/freadable.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/freadable.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/freading.c b/libc/stdio/freading.c
index 07f2f2284..506e9dacc 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/freading.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/freading.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/freopen.c b/libc/stdio/freopen.c
index bcebc8fd7..4e3d50e57 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/freopen.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/freopen.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
diff --git a/libc/stdio/ftrylockfile.c b/libc/stdio/ftrylockfile.c
index a8c998ef2..aa9b0665b 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/ftrylockfile.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/ftrylockfile.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/thread/thread.h"
@@ -26,5 +27,5 @@
  * @return 0 on success, or non-zero if another thread owns the lock
  */
 int(ftrylockfile)(FILE *f) {
-  return pthread_mutex_trylock((pthread_mutex_t *)f->lock);
+  return pthread_mutex_trylock(&f->lock);
 }
diff --git a/libc/stdio/funlockfile.c b/libc/stdio/funlockfile.c
index 6f14f81b2..c23140395 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/funlockfile.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/funlockfile.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/thread/thread.h"
@@ -24,5 +25,5 @@
  * Releases lock on stdio object.
  */
 void(funlockfile)(FILE *f) {
-  pthread_mutex_unlock((pthread_mutex_t *)f->lock);
+  pthread_mutex_unlock(&f->lock);
 }
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fwritable.c b/libc/stdio/fwritable.c
index 04562f467..839c6587f 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fwritable.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fwritable.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fwrite_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/fwrite_unlocked.c
index f722ac873..b459395cb 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fwrite_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fwrite_unlocked.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdckdint.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fwriting.c b/libc/stdio/fwriting.c
index 18209496d..5bd271be1 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fwriting.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fwriting.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio_ext.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/getdelim.c b/libc/stdio/getdelim.c
index 040cfc968..77e770a29 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/getdelim.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/getdelim.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  *     char *line = NULL;
  *     size_t linesize = 0;
  *     while (getdelim(&line, &linesize, '\n', stdin) > 0) {
- *       _chomp(line);
+ *       chomp(line);
  *       printf("%s\n", line);
  *     }
  *     free(line);
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
  *     or -1 w/ errno on EOF or error; see ferror() and feof()
  * @note this function will ignore EINTR if it occurs mid-line
  * @raises EBADF if stream isn't open for reading
- * @see fgetln(), getline(), _chomp(), gettok_r()
+ * @see fgetln(), getline(), chomp(), gettok_r()
  */
 ssize_t getdelim(char **s, size_t *n, int delim, FILE *f) {
   ssize_t rc;
diff --git a/libc/stdio/getdelim_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/getdelim_unlocked.c
index 88409ce0b..1238abc08 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/getdelim_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/getdelim_unlocked.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
diff --git a/libc/stdio/getline.c b/libc/stdio/getline.c
index 48647ac60..7f68c39dd 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/getline.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/getline.c
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@
  *     char *line = NULL;
  *     size_t linesize = 0;
  *     while (getline(&line, &linesize, stdin) > 0) {
- *       _chomp(line);
+ *       chomp(line);
  *       printf("%s\n", line);
  *     }
  *     free(line);
  *
  * This function delegates to getdelim(), which provides further
  * documentation. Concerning lines, please note the \n or \r\n are
- * included in results, and can be removed with _chomp().
+ * included in results, and can be removed with chomp().
  *
  * When reading from the console on Windows in `ICANON` mode, the
  * returned line will end with `\r\n` rather than `\n`.
diff --git a/libc/stdio/internal.h b/libc/stdio/internal.h
index 91adc2e21..446f2a603 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/internal.h
+++ b/libc/stdio/internal.h
@@ -1,12 +1,31 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_STDIO_INTERNAL_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_STDIO_INTERNAL_H_
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
 
 #define PUSHBACK 12
 
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
+struct FILE {
+  uint8_t bufmode;      /* 0x00 _IOFBF, etc. (ignored if fd=-1) */
+  bool noclose;         /* 0x01 for fake dup() todo delete! */
+  uint32_t iomode;      /* 0x04 O_RDONLY, etc. (ignored if fd=-1) */
+  int32_t state;        /* 0x08 0=OK, -1=EOF, >0=errno */
+  int fd;               /* 0x0c ≥0=fd, -1=closed|buffer */
+  uint32_t beg;         /* 0x10 */
+  uint32_t end;         /* 0x14 */
+  char *buf;            /* 0x18 */
+  uint32_t size;        /* 0x20 */
+  uint32_t nofree;      /* 0x24 */
+  int pid;              /* 0x28 */
+  char *getln;          /* 0x30 */
+  pthread_mutex_t lock; /* 0x38 */
+  struct FILE *next;    /* 0x48 */
+  char mem[BUFSIZ];     /* 0x50 */
+};
+
 extern uint64_t g_rando;
 
 int __fflush_impl(FILE *);
diff --git a/libc/stdio/lcg.internal.h b/libc/stdio/lcg.internal.h
index 845c12026..84416d0af 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/lcg.internal.h
+++ b/libc/stdio/lcg.internal.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_LCG_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_LCG_H_
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 forceinline uint64_t KnuthLinearCongruentialGenerator(uint64_t prev[1]) {
   /* Knuth, D.E., "The Art of Computer Programming," Vol 2,
@@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ forceinline uint64_t KnuthLinearCongruentialGenerator(uint64_t prev[1]) {
   return prev[0]; /* be sure to shift! */
 }
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_LCG_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/stdio/pclose.c b/libc/stdio/pclose.c
index dbeec66ba..3193743fb 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/pclose.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/pclose.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/rusage.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/rand.h b/libc/stdio/rand.h
index d8df755c9..0ddb1f6f6 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/rand.h
+++ b/libc/stdio/rand.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ char *setstate(char *);
 long random(void);
 void srandom(unsigned);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #define vigna   __vigna
 #define vigna_r __vigna_r
 #define rngset  __rngset
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ void *rngset(void *, size_t, uint64_t (*)(void), size_t);
 void rt_init(int);
 void rt_add(void *, int);
 void rt_end(double *, double *, double *, double *, double *);
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/stdio/rewind.c b/libc/stdio/rewind.c
index 56f0cc6a5..fa2693270 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/rewind.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/rewind.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/setvbuf.c b/libc/stdio/setvbuf.c
index 0d7b862e5..17f3220cf 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/setvbuf.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/setvbuf.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
diff --git a/libc/stdio/stderr.c b/libc/stdio/stderr.c
index 026cf9549..0ac22b639 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/stderr.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/stderr.c
@@ -37,6 +37,6 @@ __attribute__((__constructor__)) static void __stderr_init(void) {
   stderr->iomode = O_WRONLY;
   stderr->buf = stderr->mem;
   stderr->size = sizeof(stderr->mem);
-  ((pthread_mutex_t *)stderr->lock)->_type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
+  stderr->lock._type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
   __fflush_register(stderr);
 }
diff --git a/libc/stdio/stdin.c b/libc/stdio/stdin.c
index ba56e117e..3ab726248 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/stdin.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/stdin.c
@@ -36,6 +36,6 @@ __attribute__((__constructor__)) static void __stdin_init(void) {
   stdin->iomode = O_RDONLY;
   stdin->buf = stdin->mem;
   stdin->size = sizeof(stdin->mem);
-  ((pthread_mutex_t *)stdin->lock)->_type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
+  stdin->lock._type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
   __fflush_register(stdin);
 }
diff --git a/libc/stdio/stdio.h b/libc/stdio/stdio.h
index 98dcdc83a..1b22f1a4d 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/stdio.h
+++ b/libc/stdio/stdio.h
@@ -13,23 +13,8 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 │ cosmopolitan § standard i/o                                              ─╬─│┼
 ╚────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│*/
 
-typedef struct FILE {
-  uint8_t bufmode;   /* 0x00 _IOFBF, etc. (ignored if fd=-1) */
-  char noclose;      /* 0x01 for fake dup() todo delete! */
-  uint32_t iomode;   /* 0x04 O_RDONLY, etc. (ignored if fd=-1) */
-  int32_t state;     /* 0x08 0=OK, -1=EOF, >0=errno */
-  int fd;            /* 0x0c ≥0=fd, -1=closed|buffer */
-  uint32_t beg;      /* 0x10 */
-  uint32_t end;      /* 0x14 */
-  char *buf;         /* 0x18 */
-  uint32_t size;     /* 0x20 */
-  uint32_t nofree;   /* 0x24 */
-  int pid;           /* 0x28 */
-  char *getln;       /* 0x30 */
-  char lock[16];     /* 0x38 */
-  struct FILE *next; /* 0x48 */
-  char mem[BUFSIZ];  /* 0x50 */
-} FILE;
+struct FILE;
+typedef struct FILE FILE;
 
 extern FILE *stdin;
 extern FILE *stdout;
diff --git a/libc/stdio/stdout.c b/libc/stdio/stdout.c
index 0b4ec5f24..ffd0c6aab 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/stdout.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/stdout.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ __attribute__((__constructor__)) static void __stdout_init(void) {
   stdout->iomode = O_WRONLY;
   stdout->buf = stdout->mem;
   stdout->size = sizeof(stdout->mem);
-  ((pthread_mutex_t *)stdout->lock)->_type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
+  stdout->lock._type = PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE;
 
   /*
    * Unlike other C libraries we don't bother calling fstat() to check
diff --git a/libc/stdio/ungetc_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/ungetc_unlocked.c
index 975ebdffb..0a0f14195 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/ungetc_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/ungetc_unlocked.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/ungetwc_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/ungetwc_unlocked.c
index 31981c6ea..5a0d3cb64 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/ungetwc_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/ungetwc_unlocked.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ wint_t ungetwc_unlocked(wint_t c, FILE *f) {
   uint64_t w;
   if (c == -1) return -1;
   n = 0;
-  w = _tpenc(c);
+  w = tpenc(c);
   do {
     b[n++] = w;
   } while ((w >>= 8));
diff --git a/libc/stdio/vfprintf_unlocked.c b/libc/stdio/vfprintf_unlocked.c
index 8d1659e88..f2f291ca8 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/vfprintf_unlocked.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/vfprintf_unlocked.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/stdckdint.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
diff --git a/libc/stdio/xorshift.h b/libc/stdio/xorshift.h
index 585ec65a5..84c99cb7e 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/xorshift.h
+++ b/libc/stdio/xorshift.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_RAND_XORSHIFT_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_RAND_XORSHIFT_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 #define kMarsagliaXorshift64Seed 88172645463325252
 #define kMarsagliaXorshift32Seed 2463534242
@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ uint64_t MarsagliaXorshift64(uint64_t[hasatleast 1]);
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_RAND_XORSHIFT_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/str/blake2.h b/libc/str/blake2.h
index f99e5622a..8f94db521 100644
--- a/libc/str/blake2.h
+++ b/libc/str/blake2.h
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@
 #define BLAKE2B256_DIGEST_LENGTH 32
 #define BLAKE2B_CBLOCK           128
 
+#define BLAKE2B256_Init    __BLAKE2B256_Init
+#define BLAKE2B256_Update  __BLAKE2B256_Update
+#define BLAKE2B256_Process __BLAKE2B256_Process
+#define BLAKE2B256_Final   __BLAKE2B256_Final
+#define BLAKE2B256         __BLAKE2B256
+
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
diff --git a/libc/str/chomp.c b/libc/str/chomp.c
index d1abfd5a2..41c97b371 100644
--- a/libc/str/chomp.c
+++ b/libc/str/chomp.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param line is NULL-propagating
  * @see getline
  */
-char *_chomp(char *line) {
+char *chomp(char *line) {
   size_t i;
   if (line) {
     for (i = strlen(line); i--;) {
diff --git a/libc/str/chomp16.c b/libc/str/chomp16.c
index 5b777af0c..53c68ba90 100644
--- a/libc/str/chomp16.c
+++ b/libc/str/chomp16.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param line is NULL-propagating
  * @see getline
  */
-char16_t *_chomp16(char16_t *line) {
+char16_t *chomp16(char16_t *line) {
   size_t i;
   if (line) {
     for (i = strlen16(line); i--;) {
diff --git a/libc/str/endswith.c b/libc/str/endswith.c
index 301697a51..2b58edd14 100644
--- a/libc/str/endswith.c
+++ b/libc/str/endswith.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param s is a NUL-terminated string
  * @param suffix is also NUL-terminated
  */
-bool _endswith(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
+bool endswith(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
   size_t n, m;
   n = strlen(s);
   m = strlen(suffix);
diff --git a/libc/str/endswith16.c b/libc/str/endswith16.c
index 247e60308..d6e43ad63 100644
--- a/libc/str/endswith16.c
+++ b/libc/str/endswith16.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param s is a NUL-terminated string
  * @param suffix is also NUL-terminated
  */
-bool _endswith16(const char16_t *s, const char16_t *suffix) {
+bool endswith16(const char16_t *s, const char16_t *suffix) {
   size_t n, m;
   n = strlen16(s);
   m = strlen16(suffix);
diff --git a/libc/str/escapedos.c b/libc/str/escapedos.c
deleted file mode 100644
index b815ed75a..000000000
--- a/libc/str/escapedos.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-
-static textwindows bool shouldescapedos(const char16_t c) {
-  if (c == u'"') return true;
-  if (c == u'&') return true;
-  if (c == u'%') return true;
-  if (c == u'^') return true;
-  if (c == u'<') return true;
-  if (c == u'>') return true;
-  if (c == u'|') return true;
-  return false;
-}
-
-static textwindows bool shouldquotedos(const char16_t c) {
-  if (c == u' ') return true;
-  if (c == u'\t') return true;
-  if (c == u'\n') return true;
-  if (c == u'\v') return true;
-  if (c == u'"') return true;
-  if (c == u'*') return true;
-  return shouldescapedos(c);
-}
-
-/**
- * Escapes command so DOS can run it.
- * @see Iain Patterson's NSSM for original code in public domain
- */
-textwindows bool _escapedos(char16_t *buffer, unsigned buflen,
-                            const char16_t *unquoted, unsigned len) {
-  unsigned i, j, n;
-  if (len > buflen - 1) return false;
-  bool escape = false;
-  bool quotes = false;
-  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-    if (shouldescapedos(unquoted[i])) {
-      escape = quotes = true;
-      break;
-    }
-    if (shouldquotedos(unquoted[i])) quotes = true;
-  }
-  if (!quotes) {
-    memmove(buffer, unquoted, (len + 1) * sizeof(char16_t));
-    return true;
-  }
-  /* "" */
-  unsigned quoted_len = 2;
-  if (escape) quoted_len += 2;
-  for (i = 0;; i++) {
-    n = 0;
-    while (i != len && unquoted[i] == u'\\') {
-      i++;
-      n++;
-    }
-    if (i == len) {
-      quoted_len += n * 2;
-      break;
-    } else if (unquoted[i] == u'"')
-      quoted_len += n * 2 + 2;
-    else
-      quoted_len += n + 1;
-    if (shouldescapedos(unquoted[i])) quoted_len += n;
-  }
-  if (quoted_len > buflen - 1) return false;
-  char16_t *s = buffer;
-  if (escape) *s++ = u'^';
-  *s++ = u'"';
-  for (i = 0;; i++) {
-    n = 0;
-    while (i != len && unquoted[i] == u'\\') {
-      i++;
-      n++;
-    }
-    if (i == len) {
-      for (j = 0; j < n * 2; j++) {
-        if (escape) *s++ = u'^';
-        *s++ = u'\\';
-      }
-      break;
-    } else if (unquoted[i] == u'"') {
-      for (j = 0; j < n * 2 + 1; j++) {
-        if (escape) *s++ = u'^';
-        *s++ = u'\\';
-      }
-      if (escape && shouldescapedos(unquoted[i])) *s++ = u'^';
-      *s++ = unquoted[i];
-    } else {
-      for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
-        if (escape) *s++ = u'^';
-        *s++ = u'\\';
-      }
-      if (escape && shouldescapedos(unquoted[i])) *s++ = u'^';
-      *s++ = unquoted[i];
-    }
-  }
-  if (escape) *s++ = u'^';
-  *s++ = u'"';
-  *s++ = u'\0';
-  return true;
-}
diff --git a/libc/str/indexdoublenulstring.c b/libc/str/indexdoublenulstring.c
deleted file mode 100644
index b33bbcf09..000000000
--- a/libc/str/indexdoublenulstring.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-
-const char *IndexDoubleNulString(const char *s, unsigned i) {
-  size_t n;
-  while (i--) {
-    if ((n = strlen(s))) {
-      s += n + 1;
-    } else {
-      return NULL;
-    }
-  }
-  return s;
-}
diff --git a/libc/str/kcombiningchars.S b/libc/str/kcombiningchars.S
index f3e9f2257..f05f6b205 100644
--- a/libc/str/kcombiningchars.S
+++ b/libc/str/kcombiningchars.S
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/nr.h"
+#include "libc/nexgen32e/kompressor.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/madv.h"
 
 	.rodata.cst4
diff --git a/libc/str/keastasianwidth.S b/libc/str/keastasianwidth.S
index 7ae313d61..8a483a697 100644
--- a/libc/str/keastasianwidth.S
+++ b/libc/str/keastasianwidth.S
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 //	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/lz4toasm.com -o o/$(MODE)/libc/str/EastAsianWidth.s -s kEastAsianWidth o/$(MODE)/libc/str/EastAsianWidth.bin.lz4
+#include "libc/nexgen32e/kompressor.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 
 	.rodata
diff --git a/libc/str/startswith.c b/libc/str/startswith.c
index eea85df2a..7f86aaad4 100644
--- a/libc/str/startswith.c
+++ b/libc/str/startswith.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param s is a NUL-terminated string
  * @param prefix is also NUL-terminated
  */
-bool _startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
+bool startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
   for (;;) {
     if (!*prefix) return true;
     if (!*s) return false;
diff --git a/libc/str/startswith16.c b/libc/str/startswith16.c
index 7657978fd..eefd03dfa 100644
--- a/libc/str/startswith16.c
+++ b/libc/str/startswith16.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param s is a NUL-terminated string
  * @param prefix is also NUL-terminated
  */
-bool _startswith16(const char16_t *s, const char16_t *prefix) {
+bool startswith16(const char16_t *s, const char16_t *prefix) {
   for (;;) {
     if (!*prefix) return true;
     if (!*s) return false;
diff --git a/libc/str/startswithi.c b/libc/str/startswithi.c
index cc3f81476..c8dd80e70 100644
--- a/libc/str/startswithi.c
+++ b/libc/str/startswithi.c
@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/str/tab.internal.h"
 
-bool _startswithi(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
+/**
+ * Checks if string starts with prefix, case insensitively.
+ */
+bool startswithi(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
   for (;;) {
     if (!*prefix) return true;
     if (!*s) return false;
diff --git a/libc/str/str.h b/libc/str/str.h
index 0b9f1c264..8d3dcb466 100644
--- a/libc/str/str.h
+++ b/libc/str/str.h
@@ -6,42 +6,53 @@
 #define _tolower(u) (0040 | (u))
 #define _toupper(u) (0137 & (u))
 
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
+#define chomp         _chomp
+#define chomp16       _chomp16
+#define wchomp        _wchomp
+#define tpenc         _tpenc
+#define startswith    _startswith
+#define startswithi   _startswithi
+#define endswith      _endswith
+#define wcsendswith   _wcsendswith
+#define wcsstartswith _wcsstartswith
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
+
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
-int isascii(int);
-int isspace(int);
-int isalpha(int);
-int isdigit(int);
-int isalnum(int);
-int isxdigit(int);
-int isprint(int);
-int islower(int);
-int isupper(int);
-int isblank(int);
-int iscntrl(int);
-int isgraph(int);
-int tolower(int);
-int ispunct(int);
-int toupper(int);
-int toascii(int);
-int hextoint(int);
+int isascii(int) pureconst;
+int isspace(int) pureconst;
+int isalpha(int) pureconst;
+int isdigit(int) pureconst;
+int isalnum(int) pureconst;
+int isxdigit(int) pureconst;
+int isprint(int) pureconst;
+int islower(int) pureconst;
+int isupper(int) pureconst;
+int isblank(int) pureconst;
+int iscntrl(int) pureconst;
+int isgraph(int) pureconst;
+int tolower(int) pureconst;
+int ispunct(int) pureconst;
+int toupper(int) pureconst;
+int toascii(int) pureconst;
 
-int iswalnum(wint_t);
-int iswalpha(wint_t);
-int iswblank(wint_t);
-int iswcntrl(wint_t);
-int iswdigit(wint_t);
-int iswgraph(wint_t);
-int iswlower(wint_t);
-int iswspace(wint_t);
-int iswupper(wint_t);
-int iswxdigit(wint_t);
-int iswpunct(wint_t);
-int iswprint(wint_t);
-int iswseparator(wint_t);
-wint_t towlower(wint_t);
-wint_t towupper(wint_t);
+int iswalnum(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswalpha(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswblank(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswcntrl(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswdigit(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswgraph(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswlower(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswspace(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswupper(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswxdigit(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswpunct(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswprint(wint_t) pureconst;
+int iswseparator(wint_t) pureconst;
+wint_t towlower(wint_t) pureconst;
+wint_t towupper(wint_t) pureconst;
 
 void bzero(void *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 void *memset(void *, int, size_t) memcpyesque;
@@ -66,12 +77,6 @@ char *index(const char *, int) strlenesque;
 void *memchr(const void *, int, size_t) strlenesque;
 char *strchrnul(const char *, int) strlenesque returnsnonnull;
 void *rawmemchr(const void *, int) strlenesque returnsnonnull;
-size_t strlen16(const char16_t *) strlenesque;
-size_t strnlen16(const char16_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
-char16_t *strchr16(const char16_t *, int) strlenesque;
-void *memchr16(const void *, int, size_t) strlenesque;
-char16_t *strchrnul16(const char16_t *, int) strlenesque returnsnonnull;
-void *rawmemchr16(const void *, int) strlenesque returnsnonnull;
 size_t wcslen(const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
 size_t wcsnlen(const wchar_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
 size_t wcsnlen_s(const wchar_t *, size_t);
@@ -81,69 +86,50 @@ wchar_t *wcschrnul(const wchar_t *, wchar_t)
 strlenesque returnsnonnull;
 char *strstr(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
 char *strcasestr(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
-char16_t *strstr16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
 wchar_t *wcsstr(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
 int strcmp(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
 int strncmp(const char *, const char *, size_t) strlenesque;
-int strcmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
-int strncmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
 int wcscmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
 int wcsncmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
 int wmemcmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
 int strcasecmp(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
 int memcasecmp(const void *, const void *, size_t) strlenesque;
-int strcasecmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
 int wcscasecmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
 int strncasecmp(const char *, const char *, size_t) strlenesque;
-int strncasecmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
 int wcsncasecmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
 char *strrchr(const char *, int) strlenesque;
 void *memrchr(const void *, int, size_t) strlenesque;
-char16_t *strrchr16(const char16_t *, int) strlenesque;
-void *memrchr16(const void *, int, size_t) strlenesque;
 wchar_t *wcsrchr(const wchar_t *, wchar_t) strlenesque;
 void *wmemrchr(const wchar_t *, wchar_t, size_t) strlenesque;
 char *strpbrk(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
-char16_t *strpbrk16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
 wchar_t *wcspbrk(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
 size_t strspn(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
-size_t strspn16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
 size_t wcsspn(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
 size_t strcspn(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
-size_t strcspn16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
 size_t wcscspn(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
 void *memfrob(void *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 int strcoll(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
 char *strsep(char **, const char *) paramsnonnull();
-int strcmpzbw(const uint16_t *, const char *) strlenesque;
-int strcasecmpzbw(const uint16_t *, const char *) strlenesque;
 char *stpcpy(char *, const char *) memcpyesque;
 char *stpncpy(char *, const char *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 char *strcat(char *, const char *) memcpyesque;
-char16_t *strcat16(char16_t *, const char16_t *) memcpyesque;
 wchar_t *wcscat(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) memcpyesque;
 size_t strlcpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
 size_t strlcat(char *, const char *, size_t);
 size_t strxfrm(char *, const char *, size_t);
 char *strcpy(char *, const char *) memcpyesque;
-char16_t *strcpy16(char16_t *, const char16_t *) memcpyesque;
 wchar_t *wcscpy(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) memcpyesque;
 char *strncat(char *, const char *, size_t) memcpyesque;
-char16_t *strncat16(char16_t *, const char16_t *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 wchar_t *wcsncat(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 char *strncpy(char *, const char *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 char *strtok(char *, const char *) paramsnonnull((2)) libcesque;
 char *strtok_r(char *, const char *, char **) paramsnonnull((2, 3));
 wchar_t *wcstok(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, wchar_t **) paramsnonnull((2, 3));
-char *wstrtrunc(uint16_t *) memcpyesque;
-char *wstrntrunc(uint16_t *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 int strverscmp(const char *, const char *);
 wchar_t *wmemset(wchar_t *, wchar_t, size_t) memcpyesque;
-char16_t *memset16(char16_t *, char16_t, size_t) memcpyesque;
 wchar_t *wmemcpy(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 wchar_t *wmempcpy(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t) memcpyesque;
 wchar_t *wmemmove(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t) memcpyesque;
-void *tinymemccpy(void *, const void *, int, size_t) memcpyesque;
 void *memmem(const void *, size_t, const void *, size_t)
 libcesque nosideeffect;
 ssize_t strfmon(char *, size_t, const char *, ...);
@@ -154,15 +140,9 @@ char *strntolower(char *, size_t) libcesque;
 char *strtolower(char *) libcesque paramsnonnull();
 char *strntoupper(char *, size_t) libcesque;
 char *strtoupper(char *) libcesque paramsnonnull();
-char *_chomp(char *) libcesque;
-char16_t *_chomp16(char16_t *) libcesque;
-wchar_t *_wchomp(wchar_t *) libcesque;
 
 typedef unsigned mbstate_t;
 
-uint64_t _tpenc(uint32_t) pureconst;
-axdx_t tprecode8to16(char16_t *, size_t, const char *);
-axdx_t tprecode16to8(char *, size_t, const char16_t *);
 wchar_t *wcsncpy(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t);
 int mbtowc(wchar_t *, const char *, size_t);
 size_t mbrtowc(wchar_t *, const char *, size_t, mbstate_t *);
@@ -194,28 +174,52 @@ wint_t towctrans(wint_t, wctrans_t);
 
 int getsubopt(char **, char *const *, char **) paramsnonnull();
 char *strsignal(int) returnsnonnull libcesque;
-char *strsignal_r(int, char[hasatleast 15]) returnsnonnull libcesque;
 char *strerror(int) returnsnonnull dontthrow nocallback;
 int strerror_r(int, char *, size_t)
 dontthrow nocallback;
-int strerror_wr(int, uint32_t, char *, size_t)
-dontthrow nocallback;
 int __xpg_strerror_r(int, char *, size_t)
 dontthrow nocallback;
 
-#ifdef COSMO
-bool _startswith(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
-bool _startswithi(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
-bool _startswith16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
-bool _wcsstartswith(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
-bool _endswith(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
-bool _endswith16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
-bool _wcsendswith(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
-const char *IndexDoubleNulString(const char *, unsigned) strlenesque;
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
+uint64_t tpenc(uint32_t) pureconst;
+char *chomp(char *) libcesque;
+wchar_t *wchomp(wchar_t *) libcesque;
+bool startswith(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
+bool startswithi(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
+bool endswith(const char *, const char *) strlenesque;
 bool _istext(const void *, size_t) libcesque;
 bool _isutf8(const void *, size_t) libcesque;
-bool _escapedos(char16_t *, unsigned, const char16_t *, unsigned) libcesque;
-#endif
+char *strsignal_r(int, char[hasatleast 15]) returnsnonnull libcesque;
+int strerror_wr(int, uint32_t, char *, size_t)
+dontthrow nocallback;
+char16_t *chomp16(char16_t *) libcesque;
+size_t strlen16(const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+size_t strnlen16(const char16_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
+char16_t *strchr16(const char16_t *, int) strlenesque;
+void *memchr16(const void *, int, size_t) strlenesque;
+char16_t *strchrnul16(const char16_t *, int) strlenesque returnsnonnull;
+void *rawmemchr16(const void *, int) strlenesque returnsnonnull;
+char16_t *strstr16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+int strcmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+int strncmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
+int strcasecmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+int strncasecmp16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
+char16_t *strrchr16(const char16_t *, int) strlenesque;
+void *memrchr16(const void *, int, size_t) strlenesque;
+char16_t *strpbrk16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+size_t strspn16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+size_t strcspn16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+char16_t *strcat16(char16_t *, const char16_t *) memcpyesque;
+char16_t *strcpy16(char16_t *, const char16_t *) memcpyesque;
+char16_t *strncat16(char16_t *, const char16_t *, size_t) memcpyesque;
+char16_t *memset16(char16_t *, char16_t, size_t) memcpyesque;
+bool startswith16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+bool endswith16(const char16_t *, const char16_t *) strlenesque;
+axdx_t tprecode8to16(char16_t *, size_t, const char *);
+axdx_t tprecode16to8(char *, size_t, const char16_t *);
+bool wcsstartswith(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
+bool wcsendswith(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *) strlenesque;
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/str/tab.internal.h b/libc/str/tab.internal.h
index e5eddca01..c40d9f663 100644
--- a/libc/str/tab.internal.h
+++ b/libc/str/tab.internal.h
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_STR_TAB_INTERNAL_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_STR_TAB_INTERNAL_H_
+
+#define kHexToInt __kHexToInt
+#define kToLower  __kToLower
+#define kToUpper  __kToUpper
+#define kBase36   __kBase36
+#define kCp437    __kCp437
+
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
diff --git a/libc/str/toascii.c b/libc/str/toascii.c
index acf7b039c..0a6ef8d96 100644
--- a/libc/str/toascii.c
+++ b/libc/str/toascii.c
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
+/**
+ * Narrows number to ASCII.
+ */
 int toascii(int c) {
   return c & 127;
 }
diff --git a/libc/str/tprecode16to8.c b/libc/str/tprecode16to8.c
index 424ff7212..d2eca2814 100644
--- a/libc/str/tprecode16to8.c
+++ b/libc/str/tprecode16to8.c
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ axdx_t tprecode16to8(char *dst, size_t dstsize, const char16_t *src) {
       if (!(y = src[r.dx++])) break;
       x = MergeUtf16(x, y);
     }
-    w = _tpenc(x);
+    w = tpenc(x);
     while (w && r.ax + 1 < dstsize) {
       dst[r.ax++] = w & 0xFF;
       w >>= 8;
diff --git a/libc/str/unicode.h b/libc/str/unicode.h
index c406a1cc9..605833f4d 100644
--- a/libc/str/unicode.h
+++ b/libc/str/unicode.h
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ int wcwidth(wchar_t) pureconst;
 int wcswidth(const wchar_t *, size_t) strlenesque;
 struct lconv *localeconv(void);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 int wcsnwidth(const wchar_t *, size_t, size_t) strlenesque;
-#endif
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/str/wchomp.c b/libc/str/wchomp.c
index 1c9ce046b..11e4a8012 100644
--- a/libc/str/wchomp.c
+++ b/libc/str/wchomp.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param line is NULL-propagating
  * @see getline
  */
-wchar_t *_wchomp(wchar_t *line) {
+wchar_t *wchomp(wchar_t *line) {
   size_t i;
   if (line) {
     for (i = wcslen(line); i--;) {
diff --git a/libc/str/wcsendswith.c b/libc/str/wcsendswith.c
index bd30ff33b..56579639e 100644
--- a/libc/str/wcsendswith.c
+++ b/libc/str/wcsendswith.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * @param s is a NUL-terminated string
  * @param suffix is also NUL-terminated
  */
-bool _wcsendswith(const wchar_t *s, const wchar_t *suffix) {
+bool wcsendswith(const wchar_t *s, const wchar_t *suffix) {
   size_t n, m;
   n = wcslen(s);
   m = wcslen(suffix);
diff --git a/libc/sysv/calls/ioprio_get.S b/libc/sysv/calls/ioprio_get.S
deleted file mode 100644
index 5e0110b91..000000000
--- a/libc/sysv/calls/ioprio_get.S
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-#include "libc/sysv/macros.internal.h"
-.scall ioprio_get,0xfffffffffffff0fc,31,4095,globl
diff --git a/libc/sysv/calls/ioprio_set.S b/libc/sysv/calls/ioprio_set.S
deleted file mode 100644
index ff8c701ca..000000000
--- a/libc/sysv/calls/ioprio_set.S
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-#include "libc/sysv/macros.internal.h"
-.scall ioprio_set,0xfffffffffffff0fb,30,4095,globl
diff --git a/libc/sysv/calls/sys_ioprio_get.S b/libc/sysv/calls/sys_ioprio_get.S
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0739797f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/sysv/calls/sys_ioprio_get.S
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include "libc/sysv/macros.internal.h"
+.scall sys_ioprio_get,0xfffffffffffff0fc,31,4095,globl
diff --git a/libc/sysv/calls/sys_ioprio_set.S b/libc/sysv/calls/sys_ioprio_set.S
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..979d93133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/sysv/calls/sys_ioprio_set.S
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include "libc/sysv/macros.internal.h"
+.scall sys_ioprio_set,0xfffffffffffff0fb,30,4095,globl
diff --git a/libc/sysv/consts/clone.h b/libc/sysv/consts/clone.h
index df018f836..d738b8edf 100644
--- a/libc/sysv/consts/clone.h
+++ b/libc/sysv/consts/clone.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_CLONE_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_CLONE_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 #define CSIGNAL              0x000000ff
 #define CLONE_VM             0x00000100
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@
 #define CLONE_NEWNET         0x40000000
 #define CLONE_IO             0x80000000
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_CLONE_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/sysv/consts/futex.h b/libc/sysv/consts/futex.h
index c4790c578..45b4bdf62 100644
--- a/libc/sysv/consts/futex.h
+++ b/libc/sysv/consts/futex.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_FUTEX_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_FUTEX_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ extern const int FUTEX_REQUEUE;
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_FUTEX_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/sysv/consts/ioprio.h b/libc/sysv/consts/ioprio.h
index e639d937b..57ec70c89 100644
--- a/libc/sysv/consts/ioprio.h
+++ b/libc/sysv/consts/ioprio.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_IOPRIO_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_IOPRIO_H_
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 #define IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS 1
 #define IOPRIO_WHO_PGRP    2
@@ -27,4 +28,5 @@
 #define IOPRIO_NORM    4
 #define IOPRIO_BE_NORM IOPRIO_NORM
 
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_IOPRIO_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/sysv/consts/nr.h b/libc/sysv/consts/nr.h
index 4aef4515d..b926c4b7d 100644
--- a/libc/sysv/consts/nr.h
+++ b/libc/sysv/consts/nr.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_NR_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_NR_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
@@ -339,5 +339,5 @@ extern const int __NR_ktrace;
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_NR_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/sysv/consts/nrlinux.h b/libc/sysv/consts/nrlinux.h
index 322c322d9..3ee42b302 100644
--- a/libc/sysv/consts/nrlinux.h
+++ b/libc/sysv/consts/nrlinux.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_NRLINUX_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_NRLINUX_H_
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 
 #ifdef __x86_64__
 
@@ -657,5 +657,5 @@
 
 #endif /* __x86_64__ */
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_SYSV_CONSTS_NRLINUX_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/sysv/syscalls.sh b/libc/sysv/syscalls.sh
index 90c7253b1..14e4f0dc8 100755
--- a/libc/sysv/syscalls.sh
+++ b/libc/sysv/syscalls.sh
@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ scall	sys_waitid		0xfffffffff28ad8f7	0x05f	globl # Linux 2.6.9+; no wrapper
 scall	sys_add_key		0xfffffffffffff0f8	0x0d9	globl # no wrapper
 scall	sys_request_key		0xfffffffffffff0f9	0x0da	globl # no wrapper
 scall	sys_keyctl		0xfffffffffffff0fa	0x0db	globl # no wrapper
-scall	ioprio_set		0xfffffffffffff0fb	0x01e	globl
-scall	ioprio_get		0xfffffffffffff0fc	0x01f	globl
+scall	sys_ioprio_set		0xfffffffffffff0fb	0x01e	globl
+scall	sys_ioprio_get		0xfffffffffffff0fc	0x01f	globl
 scall	sys_inotify_init	0xfffffffffffff0fd	0xfff	globl # no wrapper
 scall	sys_inotify_add_watch	0xfffffffffffff0fe	0xfff	globl # no wrapper
 scall	sys_inotify_rm_watch	0xfffffffffffff0ff	0xfff	globl # no wrapper
diff --git a/libc/testlib/endswith.c b/libc/testlib/endswith.c
index a24134a3a..23168083b 100644
--- a/libc/testlib/endswith.c
+++ b/libc/testlib/endswith.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 bool testlib_endswith(size_t cw, const void *s, const void *suffix) {
   if (s == suffix) return true;
   if (!s || !suffix) return false;
-  return cw == sizeof(wchar_t)    ? _wcsendswith(s, suffix)
-         : cw == sizeof(char16_t) ? _endswith16(s, suffix)
-                                  : _endswith(s, suffix);
+  return cw == sizeof(wchar_t)    ? wcsendswith(s, suffix)
+         : cw == sizeof(char16_t) ? endswith16(s, suffix)
+                                  : endswith(s, suffix);
 }
diff --git a/libc/testlib/hexequals.c b/libc/testlib/hexequals.c
index a7b2421ae..bbda85053 100644
--- a/libc/testlib/hexequals.c
+++ b/libc/testlib/hexequals.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/str/tab.internal.h"
 #include "libc/testlib/testlib.h"
 
 /**
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ bool testlib_hexequals(const char *want, const void *got, size_t n) {
   for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
     if (!want[i * 2]) break;
     if (i == n) break;
-    if (p[i] != (unsigned char)(hextoint(want[i * 2 + 0]) * 16 +
-                                hextoint(want[i * 2 + 1]))) {
+    if (p[i] != (kHexToInt[want[i * 2 + 0] & 255] * 16 +
+                 kHexToInt[want[i * 2 + 1] & 255])) {
       return false;
     }
   }
diff --git a/libc/testlib/startswith.c b/libc/testlib/startswith.c
index 7a01e04d2..d1a9dfa5a 100644
--- a/libc/testlib/startswith.c
+++ b/libc/testlib/startswith.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 bool testlib_startswith(size_t cw, const void *s, const void *prefix) {
   if (s == prefix) return true;
   if (!s || !prefix) return false;
-  return cw == sizeof(wchar_t)    ? _wcsstartswith(s, prefix)
-         : cw == sizeof(char16_t) ? _startswith16(s, prefix)
-                                  : _startswith(s, prefix);
+  return cw == sizeof(wchar_t)    ? wcsstartswith(s, prefix)
+         : cw == sizeof(char16_t) ? startswith16(s, prefix)
+                                  : startswith(s, prefix);
 }
diff --git a/libc/thread/pthread_getname_np.c b/libc/thread/pthread_getname_np.c
index 5aaaa225b..f9c9f409b 100644
--- a/libc/thread/pthread_getname_np.c
+++ b/libc/thread/pthread_getname_np.c
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ static errno_t pthread_getname_impl(pthread_t thread, char *name, size_t size) {
         errno = e;
         return rc;
       }
-      _chomp(buf);
+      chomp(buf);
     }
     if ((len = strlen(buf))) {
       memcpy(name, buf, MIN(len, size - 1));
diff --git a/libc/time/struct/tm.h b/libc/time/struct/tm.h
index 945d5926f..cfcf27940 100644
--- a/libc/time/struct/tm.h
+++ b/libc/time/struct/tm.h
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ struct tm *gmtime_r(const int64_t *, struct tm *);
 struct tm *localtime(const int64_t *);
 struct tm *localtime_r(const int64_t *, struct tm *);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #define iso8601   __iso8601
 #define iso8601us __iso8601us
 char *iso8601(char[hasatleast 20], struct tm *);
 char *iso8601us(char[hasatleast 27], struct tm *, long);
-#endif /* COSMO */
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/time/time.h b/libc/time/time.h
index 2c7a59ec7..6b3ee485f 100644
--- a/libc/time/time.h
+++ b/libc/time/time.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ int64_t posix2time(int64_t) pureconst;
 int64_t time2posix(int64_t) pureconst;
 void tzset(void);
 
-#ifdef COSMO
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 extern const char kWeekdayNameShort[7][4];
 extern const char kWeekdayName[7][10];
 extern const char kMonthNameShort[12][4];
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ long double ConvertTicksToNanos(double);
 long double dsleep(long double);
 long double dtime(int);
 void RefreshTime(void);
-#endif
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/x/replaceuser.c b/libc/x/replaceuser.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 8a0eadc1f..000000000
--- a/libc/x/replaceuser.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-
-/**
- * Replaces tilde in path w/ user home folder.
- *
- * @param path is NULL propagating
- * @return must be free()'d
- */
-char *replaceuser(const char *path) {
-  char *res, *p;
-  const char *home;
-  size_t pathlen, homelen;
-  res = NULL;
-  if (path && *path++ == '~' && !isempty((home = getenv("HOME")))) {
-    while (*path == '/') path++;
-    pathlen = strlen(path);
-    homelen = strlen(home);
-    while (homelen && home[homelen - 1] == '/') homelen--;
-    if ((p = res = malloc(pathlen + 1 + homelen + 1))) {
-      p = mempcpy(p, home, homelen);
-      *p++ = '/';
-      memcpy(p, path, pathlen + 1);
-    }
-  }
-  return res;
-}
diff --git a/libc/x/utf16to8.c b/libc/x/utf16to8.c
index e6c37e705..574099d5b 100644
--- a/libc/x/utf16to8.c
+++ b/libc/x/utf16to8.c
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ char *utf16to8(const char16_t *p, size_t n, size_t *z) {
       if (x < 0200) {
         *q++ = x;
       } else {
-        w = _tpenc(x);
+        w = tpenc(x);
         WRITE64LE(q, w);
         q += _bsr(w) >> 3;
         q += 1;
diff --git a/libc/x/utf32to8.c b/libc/x/utf32to8.c
index 832fcd67d..9448319f6 100644
--- a/libc/x/utf32to8.c
+++ b/libc/x/utf32to8.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ char *utf32to8(const wchar_t *p, size_t n, size_t *z) {
   if ((q = r = malloc(n * 6 + 1))) {
     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
       x = p[i];
-      w = _tpenc(x);
+      w = tpenc(x);
       do {
         *q++ = w;
       } while ((w >>= 8));
diff --git a/libc/x/x.h b/libc/x/x.h
index e3da23ed7..5de249497 100644
--- a/libc/x/x.h
+++ b/libc/x/x.h
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_X_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_X_H_
-#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-#ifdef COSMO
 
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
 #define xwrite        __xwrite
 #define xdie          __xdie
 #define xmalloc       __xmalloc
@@ -34,6 +32,11 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 #define xfixpath      __xfixpath
 #define xslurp        __xslurp
 #define xbarf         __xbarf
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
+
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#ifdef _COSMO_SOURCE
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
 int xwrite(int, const void *, uint64_t);
 void xdie(void) wontreturn;
@@ -94,7 +97,7 @@ void *xslurp(const char *, size_t *)
     returnsaligned((4096)) dontdiscard;
 int xbarf(const char *, const void *, size_t);
 
-#endif /* COSMO */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* _COSMO_SOURCE */
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_X_H_ */
diff --git a/libc/x/xgetline.c b/libc/x/xgetline.c
index d5a16e16a..56123ffef 100644
--- a/libc/x/xgetline.c
+++ b/libc/x/xgetline.c
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
 /**
  * Reads line from stream.
  *
- * @return allocated line that needs free() and usually _chomp() too,
+ * @return allocated line that needs free() and usually chomp() too,
  *     or NULL on ferror() or feof()
  * @see getdelim() for a more difficult api
- * @see _chomp()
+ * @see chomp()
  */
 char *xgetline(FILE *f) {
   char *p;
diff --git a/libc/x/xjoinpaths.c b/libc/x/xjoinpaths.c
index 78deae1d4..671095a94 100644
--- a/libc/x/xjoinpaths.c
+++ b/libc/x/xjoinpaths.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ char *xjoinpaths(const char *path, const char *other) {
     return xstrdup(other);
   } else if (_isabspath(other) || !strcmp(path, ".")) {
     return xstrdup(other);
-  } else if (_endswith(path, "/")) {
+  } else if (endswith(path, "/")) {
     return xstrcat(path, other);
   } else {
     return xstrcat(path, (uintptr_t)'/', other);
diff --git a/net/http/underlong.c b/net/http/underlong.c
index 8321c3840..7b06980de 100644
--- a/net/http/underlong.c
+++ b/net/http/underlong.c
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ char *Underlong(const char *p, size_t n, size_t *z) {
           }
         }
       }
-      w = _tpenc(x);
+      w = tpenc(x);
       do {
         *q++ = w;
       } while ((w >>= 8));
diff --git a/net/http/visualizecontrolcodes.c b/net/http/visualizecontrolcodes.c
index 6963d45c9..f2073b9b4 100644
--- a/net/http/visualizecontrolcodes.c
+++ b/net/http/visualizecontrolcodes.c
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ char *VisualizeControlCodes(const char *data, size_t size, size_t *out_size) {
         } else if (x == 0x7F) {
           x = 0x2421;
         }
-        w = _tpenc(x);
+        w = tpenc(x);
         do {
           *q++ = w;
         } while ((w >>= 8));
diff --git a/net/https/logcertificate.c b/net/https/logcertificate.c
index ea306fe05..cf46521e4 100644
--- a/net/https/logcertificate.c
+++ b/net/https/logcertificate.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ void LogCertificate(const char *msg, mbedtls_x509_crt *cert) {
   if (LOGGABLE(kLogDebug)) {
     if ((s = malloc((n = 15000)))) {
       if (mbedtls_x509_crt_info(s, n, " ", cert) > 0) {
-        DEBUGF("%s\n%s", msg, _chomp(s));
+        DEBUGF("%s\n%s", msg, chomp(s));
       }
       free(s);
     }
diff --git a/test/libc/calls/diagnose_syscall_test.c b/test/libc/calls/diagnose_syscall_test.c
index fb2a79926..d1cce9279 100644
--- a/test/libc/calls/diagnose_syscall_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/calls/diagnose_syscall_test.c
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ TEST(diagnose_syscall, getpid) {
     // netbsd puts parent pid in edx
     // xnu seems to just clobber it!
     ASSERT_STREQ("rax rdx rcx r11", _gc(DiffContexts(&x, &y)));
-  } else if (IsWsl1()) {
+  } else if (__iswsl1()) {
     // XXX: WSL1 must be emulating SYSCALL instructions.
     ASSERT_STREQ("rax rcx", _gc(DiffContexts(&x, &y)));
   } else {
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ TEST(diagnose_syscall, testWriteSuccess) {
   diagnose_syscall(__NR_write, 2, Z, 0, Z, Z, Z, Z, &x, &y);
   if (IsFreebsd()) {
     ASSERT_STREQ("rax rcx r8 r9 r10 r11", _gc(DiffContexts(&x, &y)));
-  } else if (IsWsl1()) {
+  } else if (__iswsl1()) {
     // XXX: WSL1 must be emulating SYSCALL instructions.
     ASSERT_STREQ("rax rcx", _gc(DiffContexts(&x, &y)));
   } else {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ TEST(diagnose_syscall, testWriteFailed) {
     ASSERT_STREQ("rax rcx r8 r9 r10 r11 cf", _gc(DiffContexts(&x, &y)));
   } else if (IsBsd()) {
     ASSERT_STREQ("rax rcx r11 cf", _gc(DiffContexts(&x, &y)));
-  } else if (IsWsl1()) {
+  } else if (__iswsl1()) {
     // XXX: WSL1 must be emulating SYSCALL instructions.
     ASSERT_STREQ("rax rcx", _gc(DiffContexts(&x, &y)));
   } else {
diff --git a/test/libc/calls/pledge_test.c b/test/libc/calls/pledge_test.c
index 5fe4cd92f..ae24dc873 100644
--- a/test/libc/calls/pledge_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/calls/pledge_test.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
 #include "libc/sock/struct/sockaddr.h"
 #include "libc/sock/struct/sockaddr6.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/lock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
@@ -605,7 +606,7 @@ TEST(pledge_openbsd, bigSyscalls) {
 
 int LockWorker(void *arg, int tid) {
   flockfile(stdout);
-  ASSERT_EQ(gettid(), ((pthread_mutex_t *)stdout->lock)->_owner);
+  ASSERT_EQ(gettid(), stdout->lock._owner);
   funlockfile(stdout);
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/test/libc/calls/readlinkat_test.c b/test/libc/calls/readlinkat_test.c
index 9812a360c..0aa59a71a 100644
--- a/test/libc/calls/readlinkat_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/calls/readlinkat_test.c
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ TEST(readlinkat, realpathReturnsLongPath) {
   struct stat st;
   char buf[PATH_MAX];
   if (!IsWindows()) return;
-  if (!_startswith(getcwd(buf, PATH_MAX), "/c/")) return;
+  if (!startswith(getcwd(buf, PATH_MAX), "/c/")) return;
   ASSERT_SYS(0, 0, touch("froot", 0644));
   ASSERT_STARTSWITH("/c/", realpath("froot", buf));
 }
diff --git a/test/libc/calls/sigaction_test.c b/test/libc/calls/sigaction_test.c
index 5c4bcf159..75a54320f 100644
--- a/test/libc/calls/sigaction_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/calls/sigaction_test.c
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ TEST(sigaction, autoZombieSlayer) {
   ASSERT_NE(-1, (pid = fork()));
   if (!pid) _Exit(0);
   // XXX: WSL does the wrong thing here.
-  if (IsWsl1()) usleep(10);
+  if (__iswsl1()) usleep(10);
   ASSERT_SYS(ECHILD, -1, wait(0));
   // clean up
   ASSERT_SYS(0, 0, sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, 0));
diff --git a/test/libc/log/backtrace_test.c b/test/libc/log/backtrace_test.c
index 5ffb88f82..5f7bc3454 100644
--- a/test/libc/log/backtrace_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/log/backtrace_test.c
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ TEST(ShowCrashReports, testDivideByZero) {
       __die();
     }
     // XXX: WSL doesn't save and restore x87 registers to ucontext_t
-    if (!IsWsl1()) {
+    if (!__iswsl1()) {
       if (!strstr(output, "3.141")) {
         fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: crash report didn't have fpu register\n%s\n",
                 _gc(IndentLines(output, -1, 0, 4)));
diff --git a/test/libc/runtime/memtrack_test.c b/test/libc/runtime/memtrack_test.c
index 9a4b77075..6b38ee10b 100644
--- a/test/libc/runtime/memtrack_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/runtime/memtrack_test.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
@@ -34,6 +35,39 @@ void SetUpOnce(void) {
   ASSERT_SYS(0, 0, pledge("stdio rpath", 0));
 }
 
+bool AreMemoryIntervalsOk(const struct MemoryIntervals *mm) {
+  /* asan runtime depends on this function */
+  int i;
+  size_t wantsize;
+  for (i = 0; i < mm->i; ++i) {
+    if (mm->p[i].y < mm->p[i].x) {
+      STRACE("AreMemoryIntervalsOk() y should be >= x!");
+      return false;
+    }
+    wantsize = (size_t)(mm->p[i].y - mm->p[i].x) * FRAMESIZE;
+    if (!(wantsize < mm->p[i].size && mm->p[i].size <= wantsize + FRAMESIZE)) {
+      STRACE("AreMemoryIntervalsOk(%p) size is wrong!"
+             " %'zu not within %'zu .. %'zu",
+             (uintptr_t)mm->p[i].x << 16, mm->p[i].size, wantsize,
+             wantsize + FRAMESIZE);
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (i) {
+      if (mm->p[i].h != -1 || mm->p[i - 1].h != -1) {
+        if (mm->p[i].x <= mm->p[i - 1].y) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (!(mm->p[i - 1].y + 1 <= mm->p[i].x)) {
+          STRACE("AreMemoryIntervalsOk() out of order or overlap!");
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 static bool AreMemoryIntervalsEqual(const struct MemoryIntervals *mm1,
                                     const struct MemoryIntervals *mm2) {
   if (mm1->i != mm2->i) return false;
@@ -75,8 +109,8 @@ static void RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(const struct MemoryIntervals t[2], int x,
   struct MemoryIntervals *mm;
   mm = memcpy(memalign(64, sizeof(*t)), t, sizeof(*t));
   CheckMemoryIntervalsAreOk(mm);
-  CHECK_NE(-1, TrackMemoryInterval(mm, x, y, h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-                                   (y - x) * FRAMESIZE + FRAMESIZE));
+  CHECK_NE(-1, __track_memory(mm, x, y, h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                              (y - x) * FRAMESIZE + FRAMESIZE));
   CheckMemoryIntervalsAreOk(mm);
   CheckMemoryIntervalsEqual(mm, t + 1);
   free(mm);
@@ -88,7 +122,7 @@ static int RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(const struct MemoryIntervals t[2],
   struct MemoryIntervals *mm;
   mm = memcpy(memalign(64, sizeof(*t)), t, sizeof(*t));
   CheckMemoryIntervalsAreOk(mm);
-  if ((rc = ReleaseMemoryIntervals(mm, x, y, NULL)) != -1) {
+  if ((rc = __untrack_memory(mm, x, y, NULL)) != -1) {
     CheckMemoryIntervalsAreOk(mm);
     CheckMemoryIntervalsEqual(t + 1, mm);
   }
@@ -96,7 +130,7 @@ static int RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(const struct MemoryIntervals t[2],
   return rc;
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestEmpty) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestEmpty) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {0, OPEN_MAX, 0, {}},
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {{2, 2, 0, FRAMESIZE}}},
@@ -106,24 +140,24 @@ TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestEmpty) {
   RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(mm, 2, 2, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestFull) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestFull) {
 #if 0  // TODO(jart): Find way to re-enable
   int i;
   struct MemoryIntervals *mm;
   mm = calloc(1, sizeof(struct MemoryIntervals));
   for (i = 0; i < mm->n; ++i) {
     CheckMemoryIntervalsAreOk(mm);
-    CHECK_NE(-1, TrackMemoryInterval(mm, i, i, i, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
+    CHECK_NE(-1, __track_memory(mm, i, i, i, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
     CheckMemoryIntervalsAreOk(mm);
   }
-  CHECK_EQ(-1, TrackMemoryInterval(mm, i, i, i, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
+  CHECK_EQ(-1, __track_memory(mm, i, i, i, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
   CHECK_EQ(ENOMEM, errno);
   CheckMemoryIntervalsAreOk(mm);
   free(mm);
 #endif
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestAppend) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestAppend) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(2, 2)}},
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(2, 3)}},
@@ -133,7 +167,7 @@ TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestAppend) {
   RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(mm, 3, 3, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestPrepend) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestPrepend) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(2, 2)}},
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(1, 2)}},
@@ -143,7 +177,7 @@ TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestPrepend) {
   RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(mm, 1, 1, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestFillHole) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestFillHole) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {4, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(1, 1), I(3, 4), {5, 5, 1, FRAMESIZE}, I(6, 8)}},
       {3, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(1, 4), {5, 5, 1, FRAMESIZE}, I(6, 8)}},
@@ -153,7 +187,7 @@ TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestFillHole) {
   RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(mm, 2, 2, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestAppend2) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestAppend2) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(2, 2)}},
       {2, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(2, 2), {3, 3, 1, FRAMESIZE}}},
@@ -163,7 +197,7 @@ TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestAppend2) {
   RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(mm, 3, 3, 1);
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestPrepend2) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestPrepend2) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(2, 2)}},
       {2, OPEN_MAX, 0, {{1, 1, 1, FRAMESIZE}, I(2, 2)}},
@@ -173,7 +207,7 @@ TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestPrepend2) {
   RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(mm, 1, 1, 1);
 }
 
-TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestFillHole2) {
+TEST(__track_memory, TestFillHole2) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {4,
        OPEN_MAX,
@@ -200,7 +234,7 @@ TEST(TrackMemoryInterval, TestFillHole2) {
   RunTrackMemoryIntervalTest(mm, 2, 2, 1);
 }
 
-TEST(FindMemoryInterval, Test) {
+TEST(__find_memory, Test) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[1] = {
       {
           4,
@@ -215,19 +249,19 @@ TEST(FindMemoryInterval, Test) {
       },
   };
   mm[0].p = mm[0].s;
-  EXPECT_EQ(0, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 0));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 1));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 2));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 4));
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 5));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 6));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 7));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 8));
-  EXPECT_EQ(4, FindMemoryInterval(mm, 9));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, __find_memory(mm, 0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, __find_memory(mm, 1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, __find_memory(mm, 2));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, __find_memory(mm, 3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, __find_memory(mm, 4));
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, __find_memory(mm, 5));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, __find_memory(mm, 6));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, __find_memory(mm, 7));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, __find_memory(mm, 8));
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, __find_memory(mm, 9));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestEmpty) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestEmpty) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {0, OPEN_MAX, 0, {}},
       {0, OPEN_MAX, 0, {}},
@@ -237,7 +271,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestEmpty) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 2, 2));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestRemoveElement_UsesInclusiveRange) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestRemoveElement_UsesInclusiveRange) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {3, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 0), I(2, 2), I(4, 4)}},
       {2, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 0), I(4, 4)}},
@@ -247,7 +281,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestRemoveElement_UsesInclusiveRange) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 2, 2));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestPunchHole) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestPunchHole) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 9)}},
       {2, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 3), I(6, 9)}},
@@ -257,7 +291,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestPunchHole) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 4, 5));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenLeft) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestShortenLeft) {
   if (IsWindows()) return;
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 9)}},
@@ -268,7 +302,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenLeft) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 8, 9));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenRight) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestShortenRight) {
   if (IsWindows()) return;
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 9)}},
@@ -279,7 +313,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenRight) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 0, 2));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenLeft2) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestShortenLeft2) {
   if (IsWindows()) return;
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 9)}},
@@ -290,7 +324,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenLeft2) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 8, 11));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenRight2) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestShortenRight2) {
   if (IsWindows()) return;
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 9)}},
@@ -301,7 +335,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestShortenRight2) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, -3, 2));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestZeroZero) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestZeroZero) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(3, 9)}},
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(3, 9)}},
@@ -311,7 +345,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestZeroZero) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 0, 0));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestNoopLeft) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestNoopLeft) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(3, 9)}},
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(3, 9)}},
@@ -321,7 +355,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestNoopLeft) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 1, 2));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestNoopRight) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestNoopRight) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(3, 9)}},
       {1, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(3, 9)}},
@@ -331,7 +365,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestNoopRight) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, 10, 10));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestBigFree) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestBigFree) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {2, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(0, 3), I(6, 9)}},
       {0, OPEN_MAX, 0, {}},
@@ -341,7 +375,7 @@ TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestBigFree) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, RunReleaseMemoryIntervalsTest(mm, INT_MIN, INT_MAX));
 }
 
-TEST(ReleaseMemoryIntervals, TestWeirdGap) {
+TEST(__untrack_memory, TestWeirdGap) {
   static struct MemoryIntervals mm[2] = {
       {3, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(10, 10), I(20, 20), I(30, 30)}},
       {2, OPEN_MAX, 0, {I(10, 10), I(30, 30)}},
diff --git a/test/libc/sock/sendfile_test.c b/test/libc/sock/sendfile_test.c
index 2b87b09f9..72b903fe2 100644
--- a/test/libc/sock/sendfile_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/sock/sendfile_test.c
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ TEST(sendfile, testPositioning) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(errno == EINVAL || errno == EPIPE);
     errno = 0;
     // XXX: WSL1 clobbers file offset on failure!
-    if (!IsWsl1()) {
+    if (!__iswsl1()) {
       ASSERT_EQ(12, GetFileOffset(5));
     }
     _Exit(0);
diff --git a/test/libc/sock/unix_test.c b/test/libc/sock/unix_test.c
index 146d00e41..232888744 100644
--- a/test/libc/sock/unix_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/sock/unix_test.c
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ TEST(unix, serverGoesDown_usingSendTo_unlink) {  // much easier
   ASSERT_SYS(0, 5, sendto(4, "hello", 5, 0, (void *)&addr, len));
   ASSERT_SYS(0, 5, read(3, buf, 8));
   ASSERT_SYS(0, 0, close(3));
-  ASSERT_SYS(IsWsl1() ? ENOTCONN : ECONNREFUSED, -1,
+  ASSERT_SYS(__iswsl1() ? ENOTCONN : ECONNREFUSED, -1,
              sendto(4, "hello", 5, 0, (void *)&addr, len));
   ASSERT_SYS(0, 0, unlink(addr.sun_path));
   ASSERT_SYS(ENOENT, -1, sendto(4, "hello", 5, 0, (void *)&addr, len));
diff --git a/test/libc/str/tpenc_test.c b/test/libc/str/tpenc_test.c
index 48455ad5e..9c4a5ad12 100644
--- a/test/libc/str/tpenc_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/str/tpenc_test.c
@@ -27,34 +27,34 @@ __static_yoink("strwidth");
 
 volatile uint64_t v;
 
-TEST(_tpenc, test) {
-  EXPECT_EQ(0, _tpenc(0));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, _tpenc(1));
-  EXPECT_EQ(' ', _tpenc(' '));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0x7f, _tpenc(0x7f));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0x008496E2, _tpenc(L'▄'));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0x8080808080FEul, _tpenc(INT_MIN));
+TEST(tpenc, test) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, tpenc(0));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, tpenc(1));
+  EXPECT_EQ(' ', tpenc(' '));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x7f, tpenc(0x7f));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x008496E2, tpenc(L'▄'));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x8080808080FEul, tpenc(INT_MIN));
 }
 
-TEST(_tpenc, theimp) {
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x88989FF0, _tpenc(L'😈'));
+TEST(tpenc, theimp) {
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x88989FF0, tpenc(L'😈'));
 }
 
-TEST(_tpenc, testBeyondTheStandard) {
-  ASSERT_EQ(0xBFBFBFBFBFFF, _tpenc(-1));
+TEST(tpenc, testBeyondTheStandard) {
+  ASSERT_EQ(0xBFBFBFBFBFFF, tpenc(-1));
 }
 
-uint64_t _Tpenc(int x) {
-  return (v = __expropriate(_tpenc(__veil("r", x))));
+uint64_t tpenc_(int x) {
+  return (v = __expropriate(tpenc(__veil("r", x))));
 }
 
-BENCH(_tpenc, bench) {
-  EZBENCH(donothing, _Tpenc(0));
-  EZBENCH(donothing, _Tpenc(1));
-  EZBENCH(donothing, _Tpenc(' '));
-  EZBENCH(donothing, _Tpenc(0x7f));
-  EZBENCH(donothing, _Tpenc(L'▄'));
-  EZBENCH(donothing, _Tpenc(-1));
-  EZBENCH(donothing, _Tpenc(INT_MIN));
+BENCH(tpenc, bench) {
+  EZBENCH(donothing, tpenc_(0));
+  EZBENCH(donothing, tpenc_(1));
+  EZBENCH(donothing, tpenc_(' '));
+  EZBENCH(donothing, tpenc_(0x7f));
+  EZBENCH(donothing, tpenc_(L'▄'));
+  EZBENCH(donothing, tpenc_(-1));
+  EZBENCH(donothing, tpenc_(INT_MIN));
   fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 }
diff --git a/test/tool/plinko/plinko_test.c b/test/tool/plinko/plinko_test.c
index 1d9df1513..d1b302ea2 100644
--- a/test/tool/plinko/plinko_test.c
+++ b/test/tool/plinko/plinko_test.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ TEST(plinko, worksOrPrintsNiceError) {
   EXPECT_NE(-1, close(pfds[1][0]));
   EXPECT_NE(-1, waitpid(pid, &wstatus, 0));
   EXPECT_TRUE(WIFEXITED(wstatus));
-  if (!_startswith(buf, "error: ")) {
+  if (!startswith(buf, "error: ")) {
     EXPECT_STREQ("OKCOMPUTER\n", buf);
     EXPECT_EQ(0, WEXITSTATUS(wstatus));
   } else {
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/as.c b/third_party/chibicc/as.c
index e5ae7520f..271309f3f 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/as.c
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/as.c
@@ -481,11 +481,11 @@ static void ReadFlags(struct As *a, int argc, char *argv[]) {
   for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
     if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-o")) {
       a->outpath = StrDup(a, argv[++i]);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-o")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-o")) {
       a->outpath = StrDup(a, argv[i] + 2);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-I")) {
       SaveString(&a->incpaths, strdup(argv[++i]));
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-I")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-I")) {
       SaveString(&a->incpaths, strdup(argv[i] + 2));
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-Z")) {
       a->inhibiterr = true;
@@ -1669,13 +1669,13 @@ static int GrabSection(struct As *a, int name, int flags, int type, int group,
 static void OnSection(struct As *a, struct Slice s) {
   int name, flags, type, group = -1, comdat = -1;
   name = SliceDup(a, GetSlice(a));
-  if (_startswith(a->strings.p[name], ".text")) {
+  if (startswith(a->strings.p[name], ".text")) {
     flags = SHF_ALLOC | SHF_EXECINSTR;
     type = SHT_PROGBITS;
-  } else if (_startswith(a->strings.p[name], ".data")) {
+  } else if (startswith(a->strings.p[name], ".data")) {
     flags = SHF_ALLOC | SHF_WRITE;
     type = SHT_PROGBITS;
-  } else if (_startswith(a->strings.p[name], ".bss")) {
+  } else if (startswith(a->strings.p[name], ".bss")) {
     flags = SHF_ALLOC | SHF_WRITE;
     type = SHT_NOBITS;
   } else {
@@ -2609,8 +2609,8 @@ static bool HasXmmOnLine(struct As *a) {
   int i;
   for (i = 0; !IsPunct(a, a->i + i, ';'); ++i) {
     if (IsSlice(a, a->i + i) && a->slices.p[a->things.p[a->i + i].i].n >= 4 &&
-        (_startswith(a->slices.p[a->things.p[a->i + i].i].p, "xmm") ||
-         _startswith(a->slices.p[a->things.p[a->i + i].i].p, "%xmm"))) {
+        (startswith(a->slices.p[a->things.p[a->i + i].i].p, "xmm") ||
+         startswith(a->slices.p[a->things.p[a->i + i].i].p, "%xmm"))) {
       return true;
     }
   }
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/asm.c b/third_party/chibicc/asm.c
index bd7c15a26..9abd149a4 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/asm.c
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/asm.c
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ static Token *ParseAsmClobbers(Asm *a, Token *tok) {
       a->flagclob = true;
     } else if ((i = GetIndexOfRegisterName(s)) != -1) {
       a->regclob |= 1 << i;
-    } else if (_startswith(s, "xmm") && isdigit(s[3]) &&
+    } else if (startswith(s, "xmm") && isdigit(s[3]) &&
                (!s[4] || isdigit(s[4]))) {
       i = s[3] - '0';
       if (s[4]) {
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ static Token *ParseAsmClobbers(Asm *a, Token *tok) {
       a->xmmclob |= 1 << i;
     } else if (!strcmp(s, "st")) {
       a->x87clob |= 1;
-    } else if (_startswith(s, "st(") && isdigit(s[3]) && s[4] == ')') {
+    } else if (startswith(s, "st(") && isdigit(s[3]) && s[4] == ')') {
       i = s[3] - '0';
       i &= 7;
       a->x87clob |= 1 << i;
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.c b/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.c
index 71a5bdcbe..06c47247e 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.c
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.c
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, char **argv) {
       atexit(PrintMemoryUsage);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-o")) {
       opt_o = argv[++i];
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-o")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-o")) {
       opt_o = argv[i] + 2;
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-S")) {
       opt_S = true;
@@ -242,19 +242,19 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, char **argv) {
       opt_P = true;
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-I")) {
       strarray_push(&include_paths, argv[++i]);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-I")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-I")) {
       strarray_push(&include_paths, argv[i] + 2);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-iquote")) {
       strarray_push(&include_paths, argv[++i]);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-iquote")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-iquote")) {
       strarray_push(&include_paths, argv[i] + strlen("-iquote"));
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-isystem")) {
       strarray_push(&include_paths, argv[++i]);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-isystem")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-isystem")) {
       strarray_push(&include_paths, argv[i] + strlen("-isystem"));
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-D")) {
       define(argv[++i]);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-D")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-D")) {
       define(argv[i] + 2);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-U")) {
       undef_macro(argv[++i]);
@@ -266,9 +266,9 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, char **argv) {
       opt_x = parse_opt_x(argv[++i]);
     } else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "-x", 2)) {
       opt_x = parse_opt_x(argv[i] + 2);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-Wa")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-Wa")) {
       strarray_push_comma(&as_extra_args, argv[i] + 3);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-Wl")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-Wl")) {
       strarray_push_comma(&ld_extra_args, argv[i] + 3);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-Xassembler")) {
       strarray_push(&as_extra_args, argv[++i]);
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, char **argv) {
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-L")) {
       strarray_push(&ld_extra_args, "-L");
       strarray_push(&ld_extra_args, argv[++i]);
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-L")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-L")) {
       strarray_push(&ld_extra_args, "-L");
       strarray_push(&ld_extra_args, argv[i] + 2);
     } else {
@@ -563,11 +563,11 @@ static Token *append_tokens(Token *tok1, Token *tok2) {
 
 static FileType get_file_type(const char *filename) {
   if (opt_x != FILE_NONE) return opt_x;
-  if (_endswith(filename, ".a")) return FILE_AR;
-  if (_endswith(filename, ".o")) return FILE_OBJ;
-  if (_endswith(filename, ".c")) return FILE_C;
-  if (_endswith(filename, ".s")) return FILE_ASM;
-  if (_endswith(filename, ".S")) return FILE_ASM_CPP;
+  if (endswith(filename, ".a")) return FILE_AR;
+  if (endswith(filename, ".o")) return FILE_OBJ;
+  if (endswith(filename, ".c")) return FILE_C;
+  if (endswith(filename, ".s")) return FILE_ASM;
+  if (endswith(filename, ".S")) return FILE_ASM_CPP;
   error("<command line>: unknown file extension: %s", filename);
 }
 
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/codegen.c b/third_party/chibicc/codegen.c
index 6004345d5..41571108d 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/codegen.c
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/codegen.c
@@ -985,7 +985,7 @@ static bool gen_builtin_funcall(Node *node, const char *name) {
     char regprefix;
     gen_expr(node->args);
     emitlin("\tor\t$-1,%edi");
-    regprefix = _endswith(name, "l") ? 'r' : 'e';
+    regprefix = endswith(name, "l") ? 'r' : 'e';
     println("\tbsf\t%%%cax,%%%cax", regprefix, regprefix);
     emitlin("\tcmovz\t%edi,%eax");
     emitlin("\tinc\t%eax");
@@ -1413,7 +1413,7 @@ void gen_expr(Node *node) {
     case ND_FUNCALL: {
       const char *funcname = NULL;
       if (node->lhs->kind == ND_VAR) {
-        if (_startswith(nameof(node->lhs->var), "__builtin_")) {
+        if (startswith(nameof(node->lhs->var), "__builtin_")) {
           funcname = nameof(node->lhs->var) + 10;
           if (gen_builtin_funcall(node, funcname)) {
             return;
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/dox1.c b/third_party/chibicc/dox1.c
index 98c67572a..81b07e3b6 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/dox1.c
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/dox1.c
@@ -285,23 +285,22 @@ static void LoadPublicDefinitions(struct DoxWriter *dox, Obj *prog) {
       if (*obj->name == '_') continue;
       if (strchr(obj->name, '$')) continue;
       if (obj->visibility && !strcmp(obj->visibility, "hidden")) continue;
-      if (_startswith(obj->name, "nsync_") && _endswith(obj->name, "_"))
-        continue;
+      if (startswith(obj->name, "nsync_") && endswith(obj->name, "_")) continue;
       if (!obj->is_definition && (!obj->is_function || !obj->params ||
                                   !obj->params->name || !*obj->params->name)) {
         continue;
       }
     }
-    if (_startswith(obj->name, "__gdtoa_")) continue;
-    if (_startswith(obj->name, "sys_")) continue;
-    if (_startswith(obj->name, "ioctl_")) continue;
-    if (_startswith(obj->name, "nsync_mu_semaphore_")) continue;
-    if (_startswith(obj->name, "Describe")) continue;
-    if (_startswith(obj->name, "__sig")) continue;
-    if (_startswith(obj->name, "__zipos")) continue;
+    if (startswith(obj->name, "__gdtoa_")) continue;
+    if (startswith(obj->name, "sys_")) continue;
+    if (startswith(obj->name, "ioctl_")) continue;
+    if (startswith(obj->name, "nsync_mu_semaphore_")) continue;
+    if (startswith(obj->name, "Describe")) continue;
+    if (startswith(obj->name, "__sig")) continue;
+    if (startswith(obj->name, "__zipos")) continue;
     if (obj->is_static) continue;
     if (obj->is_string_literal) continue;
-    if (obj->section && _startswith(obj->section, ".init_array")) continue;
+    if (obj->section && startswith(obj->section, ".init_array")) continue;
     APPEND(dox->objects);
     dox->objects.p[dox->objects.n - 1] = obj;
   }
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/dox2.c b/third_party/chibicc/dox2.c
index aeb290f1d..40fc201c1 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/dox2.c
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/dox2.c
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {\n\
               prefix = xasprintf("%s ", o->params.p[j].name);
               for (k = 0; k < o->javadown->tags.n; ++k) {
                 if (!strcmp(o->javadown->tags.p[k].tag, "param") &&
-                    _startswith(o->javadown->tags.p[k].text, prefix)) {
+                    startswith(o->javadown->tags.p[k].text, prefix)) {
                   fprintf(f, "<dd>");
                   PrintText(f, o->javadown->tags.p[k].text + strlen(prefix));
                   fprintf(f, "\n");
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {\n\
               prefix = xasprintf("%s ", m->params.p[j].name);
               for (k = 0; k < m->javadown->tags.n; ++k) {
                 if (!strcmp(m->javadown->tags.p[k].tag, "param") &&
-                    _startswith(m->javadown->tags.p[k].text, prefix)) {
+                    startswith(m->javadown->tags.p[k].text, prefix)) {
                   fprintf(f, "<dd>");
                   PrintText(f, m->javadown->tags.p[k].text + strlen(prefix));
                   fprintf(f, "\n");
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/test/test.h b/third_party/chibicc/test/test.h
index 0bd6bb061..ac73acb07 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/test/test.h
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/test/test.h
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
-__static_yoink("sys_mmap");            /* asan needs it */
-__static_yoink("TrackMemoryInterval"); /* asan needs it */
+__static_yoink("sys_mmap");       /* asan needs it */
+__static_yoink("__track_memory"); /* asan needs it */
 
 #define ASSERT(x, y)    Assert2(x, y, #y, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 #define ASSERT128(x, y) Assert128(x, y, #y, __FILE__, __LINE__)
diff --git a/third_party/chibicc/tokenize.c b/third_party/chibicc/tokenize.c
index a0d59d415..9eed66f69 100644
--- a/third_party/chibicc/tokenize.c
+++ b/third_party/chibicc/tokenize.c
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ static uint32_t read_universal_char(char *p, int len) {
   uint32_t c = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
     if (!isxdigit(p[i])) return 0;
-    c = (c << 4) | hextoint(p[i]);
+    c = (c << 4) | kHexToInt[p[i] & 255];
   }
   return c;
 }
diff --git a/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.c b/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.c
index 285466f48..fb940138f 100644
--- a/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.c
+++ b/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.c
@@ -1297,29 +1297,6 @@ void* dlmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
   return internal_memalign(gm, alignment, bytes);
 }
 
-int dlposix_memalign(void** pp, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
-  void* mem = 0;
-  if (alignment == MALLOC_ALIGNMENT)
-    mem = dlmalloc(bytes);
-  else {
-    size_t d = alignment / sizeof(void*);
-    size_t r = alignment % sizeof(void*);
-    if (r != 0 || d == 0 || (d & (d-SIZE_T_ONE)) != 0)
-      return EINVAL;
-    else if (bytes <= MAX_REQUEST - alignment) {
-      if (alignment <  MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
-        alignment = MIN_CHUNK_SIZE;
-      mem = internal_memalign(gm, alignment, bytes);
-    }
-  }
-  if (!mem) {
-    return ENOMEM;
-  } else {
-    *pp = mem;
-    return 0;
-  }
-}
-
 #if USE_LOCKS
 void dlmalloc_atfork(void) {
   bzero(&gm->mutex, sizeof(gm->mutex));
diff --git a/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.h b/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.h
index b6d1f0ff6..d8f366adf 100644
--- a/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.h
+++ b/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.h
@@ -1,5 +1,30 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC_DLMALLOC_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC_DLMALLOC_H_
+
+#define dlbulk_free                  __dlbulk_free
+#define dlcalloc                     __dlcalloc
+#define dlfree                       __dlfree
+#define dlindependent_calloc         __dlindependent_calloc
+#define dlindependent_comalloc       __dlindependent_comalloc
+#define dlmallinfo                   __dlmallinfo
+#define dlmalloc                     __dlmalloc
+#define dlmalloc_abort               __dlmalloc_abort
+#define dlmalloc_atfork              __dlmalloc_atfork
+#define dlmalloc_footprint           __dlmalloc_footprint
+#define dlmalloc_footprint_limit     __dlmalloc_footprint_limit
+#define dlmalloc_inspect_all         __dlmalloc_inspect_all
+#define dlmalloc_max_footprint       __dlmalloc_max_footprint
+#define dlmalloc_set_footprint_limit __dlmalloc_set_footprint_limit
+#define dlmalloc_stats               __dlmalloc_stats
+#define dlmalloc_trim                __dlmalloc_trim
+#define dlmalloc_usable_size         __dlmalloc_usable_size
+#define dlmallopt                    __dlmallopt
+#define dlmallopt                    __dlmallopt
+#define dlmemalign                   __dlmemalign
+#define dlrealloc                    __dlrealloc
+#define dlrealloc_in_place           __dlrealloc_in_place
+#define dlrealloc_in_place           __dlrealloc_in_place
+
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
@@ -88,16 +113,6 @@ void* dlrealloc_in_place(void*, size_t);
 */
 void* dlmemalign(size_t, size_t);
 
-/*
-  int posix_memalign(void** pp, size_t alignment, size_t n);
-  Allocates a chunk of n bytes, aligned in accord with the alignment
-  argument. Differs from memalign only in that it (1) assigns the
-  allocated memory to *pp rather than returning it, (2) fails and
-  returns EINVAL if the alignment is not a power of two (3) fails and
-  returns ENOMEM if memory cannot be allocated.
-*/
-int dlposix_memalign(void**, size_t, size_t);
-
 /*
   mallopt(int parameter_number, int parameter_value)
   Sets tunable parameters The format is to provide a
diff --git a/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc_abort.greg.c b/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc_abort.greg.c
index ea75d81df..64a6ab53f 100644
--- a/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc_abort.greg.c
+++ b/third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc_abort.greg.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.h"
 
 #define MESSAGE "dlmalloc_abort()\n"
 
diff --git a/third_party/ggml/llama.cc b/third_party/ggml/llama.cc
index 64a87e7ea..4235571bc 100644
--- a/third_party/ggml/llama.cc
+++ b/third_party/ggml/llama.cc
@@ -2140,7 +2140,7 @@ static void llama_model_quantize_internal(const std::string & fname_inp, const s
         bool quantize =
                 tensor.ne.size() == 2 &&
                 tensor.type != quantized_type &&
-                _endswith(tensor.name.c_str(), "weight") &&
+                endswith(tensor.name.c_str(), "weight") &&
                 tensor.name != "output.weight";
 
         enum ggml_type new_type;
diff --git a/third_party/linenoise/linenoise.c b/third_party/linenoise/linenoise.c
index 5893bf80e..c8afb3589 100644
--- a/third_party/linenoise/linenoise.c
+++ b/third_party/linenoise/linenoise.c
@@ -1224,7 +1224,7 @@ StartOver:
     } else {
       flipit = hasflip && (i == flip[0] || i == flip[1]);
       if (flipit) abAppendw(&ab, READ32LE("\e[1m"));
-      abAppendw(&ab, _tpenc(rune.c));
+      abAppendw(&ab, tpenc(rune.c));
       if (flipit) abAppendw(&ab, READ64LE("\e[22m\0\0"));
     }
     t = wcwidth(rune.c);
@@ -1473,7 +1473,7 @@ static void linenoiseEditXlatWord(struct linenoiseState *l,
     r = GetUtf8(l->buf + j, l->len - j);
     if (iswseparator(r.c)) break;
     if ((c = xlat(r.c)) != r.c) {
-      abAppendw(&ab, _tpenc(c));
+      abAppendw(&ab, tpenc(c));
     } else { /* avoid canonicalization */
       abAppend(&ab, l->buf + j, r.n);
     }
@@ -1727,7 +1727,7 @@ static void linenoiseEditBarf(struct linenoiseState *l) {
   /* now move the text */
   r = GetUtf8(l->buf + end, l->len - end);
   memmove(l->buf + pos + r.n, l->buf + pos, end - pos);
-  w = _tpenc(r.c);
+  w = tpenc(r.c);
   for (i = 0; i < r.n; ++i) {
     l->buf[pos + i] = w;
     w >>= 8;
@@ -2248,7 +2248,7 @@ ssize_t linenoiseEdit(struct linenoiseState *l, const char *prompt, char **obuf,
               uint64_t w;
               struct rune rune;
               rune = GetUtf8(seq, rc);
-              w = _tpenc(xlatCallback(rune.c));
+              w = tpenc(xlatCallback(rune.c));
               rc = 0;
               do {
                 seq[rc++] = w;
@@ -2393,7 +2393,7 @@ char *linenoiseGetHistoryPath(const char *prog) {
   if (*a) {
     abAppends(&path, a);
     abAppends(&path, b);
-    if (!_endswith(path.b, "/") && !_endswith(path.b, "\\")) {
+    if (!endswith(path.b, "/") && !endswith(path.b, "\\")) {
       abAppendw(&path, '/');
     }
   }
diff --git a/third_party/lua/lrepl.c b/third_party/lua/lrepl.c
index f7e63121b..5f3defb50 100644
--- a/third_party/lua/lrepl.c
+++ b/third_party/lua/lrepl.c
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ void lua_readline_completions (const char *p, linenoiseCompletions *c) {
     while (lua_next(L, -2)) {
       if (lua_type(L, -2) == LUA_TSTRING) {
         name = lua_tolstring(L, -2, &n);
-        if (_startswithi(name, a) && (s = malloc(a - p + n + 1))) {
+        if (startswithi(name, a) && (s = malloc(a - p + n + 1))) {
           memcpy(s, p, a - p);
           memcpy(s + (a - p), name, n + 1);
           lua_readline_addcompletion(c, s);
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ void lua_readline_completions (const char *p, linenoiseCompletions *c) {
   lua_pop(L, 1); // pop table
 
   for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(kKeywordHints); ++i) {
-    if (_startswithi(kKeywordHints[i], p)) {
+    if (startswithi(kKeywordHints[i], p)) {
       if ((s = strdup(kKeywordHints[i]))) {
         lua_readline_addcompletion(c, s);
       }
diff --git a/third_party/python/Python/import.c b/third_party/python/Python/import.c
index c51e65fd4..868c6d100 100644
--- a/third_party/python/Python/import.c
+++ b/third_party/python/Python/import.c
@@ -2667,7 +2667,7 @@ static PyObject *SFLObject_is_package(SourcelessFileLoader *self,
                  self->name, name);
     return NULL;
   }
-  if (_startswith(basename(self->path), "__init__")) {
+  if (startswith(basename(self->path), "__init__")) {
     Py_RETURN_TRUE;
   }
   Py_RETURN_FALSE;
diff --git a/third_party/python/pyobj.c b/third_party/python/pyobj.c
index 19427152f..bb6ed67eb 100644
--- a/third_party/python/pyobj.c
+++ b/third_party/python/pyobj.c
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ GetModName(bool *ispkg)
 {
     char *mod;
     mod = Dotify(xstripexts(StripComponents(pyfile, strip_components)));
-    if ((*ispkg = _endswith(mod, ".__init__"))) {
+    if ((*ispkg = endswith(mod, ".__init__"))) {
         mod[strlen(mod) - strlen(".__init__")] = 0;
     }
     return mod;
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ GetParent2(void)
 {
     char *p, *mod;
     mod = Dotify(xstripexts(StripComponents(pyfile, strip_components)));
-    if (_endswith(mod, ".__init__")) mod[strlen(mod) - strlen(".__init__")] = 0;
+    if (endswith(mod, ".__init__")) mod[strlen(mod) - strlen(".__init__")] = 0;
     if ((p = strrchr(mod, '.'))) *p = 0;
     return mod;
 }
diff --git a/third_party/python/runpythonmodule.c b/third_party/python/runpythonmodule.c
index 9500b0235..1010283ae 100644
--- a/third_party/python/runpythonmodule.c
+++ b/third_party/python/runpythonmodule.c
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ CompleteModule(const char *s, const char *p, linenoiseCompletions *c)
     PyObject *m, *f, *g, *i, *v, *n;
     plen = strlen(p);
     for (it = PyImport_Inittab; it->name; ++it) {
-        if (_startswithi(it->name, p)) {
+        if (startswithi(it->name, p)) {
             AddCompletion(c, xasprintf("%s%s", s, it->name + plen));
         }
     }
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Complete(const char *p, linenoiseCompletions *c)
 {
     PyObject *o, *t, *i;
     const char *q, *s, *b;
-    if (_startswith(p, "import ")) {
+    if (startswith(p, "import ")) {
         for (q = p + 7; *q; ++q) {
             if (!isalnum(*q) && *q != '_') {
                 return;
diff --git a/third_party/quickjs/qjsc.c b/third_party/quickjs/qjsc.c
index 19d7c98e3..d2dc01070 100644
--- a/third_party/quickjs/qjsc.c
+++ b/third_party/quickjs/qjsc.c
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
                 "\n"
                 );
     } else {
-#ifndef COSMO
+#ifndef _COSMO_SOURCE
         fprintf(fo, "#include <inttypes.h>\n"
                 "\n"
                 );
diff --git a/third_party/quickjs/quickjs-libc.c b/third_party/quickjs/quickjs-libc.c
index 5bed2256a..744872bfe 100644
--- a/third_party/quickjs/quickjs-libc.c
+++ b/third_party/quickjs/quickjs-libc.c
@@ -2050,7 +2050,7 @@ static void call_handler(JSContext *ctx, JSValueConst func)
     JS_FreeValue(ctx, ret);
 }
 
-#if defined(COSMO)
+#if defined(_COSMO_SOURCE)
 #define DWORD	uint32_t
 #define HANDLE	int64_t
 #define _get_osfhandle(fd)	g_fds.p[fd].handle
diff --git a/third_party/radpajama/gptneox.cc b/third_party/radpajama/gptneox.cc
index 66152e1e4..39d40f865 100644
--- a/third_party/radpajama/gptneox.cc
+++ b/third_party/radpajama/gptneox.cc
@@ -2147,7 +2147,7 @@ static void gptneox_model_quantize_internal(const std::string & fname_inp, const
         bool quantize =
                 tensor.ne.size() == 2 &&
                 tensor.type != quantized_type &&
-                _endswith(tensor.name.c_str(), "weight") &&
+                endswith(tensor.name.c_str(), "weight") &&
                 tensor.name != "output.weight";
 
         enum ggml_type new_type;
diff --git a/third_party/regex/regerror.c b/third_party/regex/regerror.c
index 0e2f2ca60..9814e1adc 100644
--- a/third_party/regex/regerror.c
+++ b/third_party/regex/regerror.c
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "third_party/regex/regex.h"
 
@@ -40,6 +40,18 @@ static const char kRegexErrors[] =
     "Out of memory\0"
     "Repetition not preceded by valid expression\0";
 
+static const char *IndexDoubleNulString(const char *s, unsigned i) {
+  size_t n;
+  while (i--) {
+    if ((n = strlen(s))) {
+      s += n + 1;
+    } else {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
 /**
  * Converts regular expression error code to string.
  *
diff --git a/third_party/xed/xederror.c b/third_party/xed/xederror.c
index 04af372a7..7a13a1fa1 100644
--- a/third_party/xed/xederror.c
+++ b/third_party/xed/xederror.c
@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@
 /**
  * Xed error code names.
  *
- *   puts(IndexDoubleNulString(kXedErrorNames, xedd->op.error));
- *
  * @see XedError
  */
 const char kXedErrorNames[] = "\
diff --git a/tool/args/args.c b/tool/args/args.c
index 05fe970cc..f5020e612 100644
--- a/tool/args/args.c
+++ b/tool/args/args.c
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ int LoadZipArgsImpl(int *argc, char ***argv, char *data) {
   bool founddots;
   char *arg, **args, *state, *start;
   assert(!g_zipargs.loaded);
-  if (_chomp(data)) {
+  if (chomp(data)) {
     n = 0;
     args = 0;
     start = data;
diff --git a/tool/build/apelink.c b/tool/build/apelink.c
index c54159d6c..8e3b03aea 100644
--- a/tool/build/apelink.c
+++ b/tool/build/apelink.c
@@ -398,8 +398,13 @@ static void Pwrite(const void *data, size_t size, uint64_t offset) {
 
 static void LogElfPhdrs(FILE *f, Elf64_Phdr *p, size_t n) {
   size_t i;
-  fprintf(f, "Type           Offset   VirtAddr           PhysAddr           "
-             "FileSiz  MemSiz   Flg Align\n");
+  fprintf(f, "Type           "
+             "Offset   "
+             "VirtAddr           "
+             "PhysAddr           "
+             "FileSiz  "
+             "MemSiz   "
+             "Flg Align\n");
   for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
     fprintf(f,
             "%-14s 0x%06lx 0x%016lx 0x%016lx 0x%06lx 0x%06lx %c%c%c 0x%04lx\n",
@@ -412,8 +417,13 @@ static void LogElfPhdrs(FILE *f, Elf64_Phdr *p, size_t n) {
 
 static void LogPeSections(FILE *f, struct NtImageSectionHeader *p, size_t n) {
   size_t i;
-  fprintf(f, "Name           Offset   RelativeVirtAddr   PhysAddr           "
-             "FileSiz  MemSiz   Flg\n");
+  fprintf(f, "Name           "
+             "Offset   "
+             "RelativeVirtAddr   "
+             "PhysAddr           "
+             "FileSiz  "
+             "MemSiz   "
+             "Flg\n");
   for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
     fprintf(f, "%-14.8s 0x%06lx 0x%016lx 0x%016lx 0x%06lx 0x%06lx %c%c%c\n",
             p[i].Name, p[i].PointerToRawData, p[i].VirtualAddress,
diff --git a/tool/build/ar.c b/tool/build/ar.c
index 7ba14e854..3a59daa50 100644
--- a/tool/build/ar.c
+++ b/tool/build/ar.c
@@ -351,8 +351,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     struct stat st;
     const char *arg;
     if (!(arg = getargs_next(&ga))) break;
-    if (_endswith(arg, "/")) continue;
-    if (_endswith(arg, ".pkg")) continue;
+    if (endswith(arg, "/")) continue;
+    if (endswith(arg, ".pkg")) continue;
     if (stat(arg, &st)) SysDie(arg, "stat");
     if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) continue;
     if (!st.st_size) Die(arg, "file is empty");
diff --git a/tool/build/compile.c b/tool/build/compile.c
index 3db3dd52e..82997fffa 100644
--- a/tool/build/compile.c
+++ b/tool/build/compile.c
@@ -412,16 +412,16 @@ bool IsGccOnlyFlag(const char *s) {
       return true;
     }
   }
-  if (_startswith(s, "-ffixed-")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-fcall-saved")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-fcall-used")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-fgcse-")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-fvect-cost-model=")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-fsimd-cost-model=")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-fopt-info")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-mstringop-strategy=")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-mpreferred-stack-boundary=")) return true;
-  if (_startswith(s, "-Wframe-larger-than=")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-ffixed-")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-fcall-saved")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-fcall-used")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-fgcse-")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-fvect-cost-model=")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-fsimd-cost-model=")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-fopt-info")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-mstringop-strategy=")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-mpreferred-stack-boundary=")) return true;
+  if (startswith(s, "-Wframe-larger-than=")) return true;
   return false;
 }
 
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ void AddEnv(char *s) {
 }
 
 char *StripPrefix(char *s, char *p) {
-  if (_startswith(s, p)) {
+  if (startswith(s, p)) {
     return s + strlen(p);
   } else {
     return s;
@@ -478,18 +478,18 @@ void AddArg(char *actual) {
     appendw(&shortened, ' ');
     if ((isar || isbfd || ispkg) &&
         (strcmp(args.p[args.n - 1], "-o") &&
-         (_endswith(s, ".o") || _endswith(s, ".pkg") ||
-          (_endswith(s, ".a") && !isar)))) {
+         (endswith(s, ".o") || endswith(s, ".pkg") ||
+          (endswith(s, ".a") && !isar)))) {
       appends(&shortened, basename(s));
     } else {
       appends(&shortened, s);
     }
   } else if (/*
               * a in ('-', '--') or
-              * a._startswith('-o') or
+              * a.startswith('-o') or
               * c == 'ld' and a == '-T' or
-              * c == 'cc' and a._startswith('-O') or
-              * c == 'cc' and a._startswith('-x') or
+              * c == 'cc' and a.startswith('-O') or
+              * c == 'cc' and a.startswith('-x') or
               * c == 'cc' and a in ('-c', '-E', '-S')
               */
              s[0] == '-' && (!s[1] || s[1] == 'o' || (s[1] == '-' && !s[2]) ||
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     /*
      * capture flags
      */
-    if (_startswith(argv[i], "-o")) {
+    if (startswith(argv[i], "-o")) {
       if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-o")) {
         outpath = argv[++i];
       } else {
@@ -1174,27 +1174,27 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
       if (isgcc && ccversion >= 6) no_sanitize_alignment = true;
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-fno-sanitize=pointer-overflow")) {
       if (isgcc && ccversion >= 6) no_sanitize_pointer_overflow = true;
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-fsanitize=implicit") &&
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-fsanitize=implicit") &&
                strstr(argv[i], "integer")) {
       if (isgcc) AddArg(argv[i]);
     } else if (strstr(argv[i], "stack-protector")) {
       if (isclang || (isgcc && ccversion >= 6)) {
         AddArg(argv[i]);
       }
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-fvect-cost") ||
-               _startswith(argv[i], "-mstringop") ||
-               _startswith(argv[i], "-gz") || strstr(argv[i], "sanitize") ||
-               _startswith(argv[i], "-fvect-cost") ||
-               _startswith(argv[i], "-fvect-cost")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-fvect-cost") ||
+               startswith(argv[i], "-mstringop") ||
+               startswith(argv[i], "-gz") || strstr(argv[i], "sanitize") ||
+               startswith(argv[i], "-fvect-cost") ||
+               startswith(argv[i], "-fvect-cost")) {
       if (isgcc && ccversion >= 6) {
         AddArg(argv[i]);
       }
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-fdiagnostic-color=")) {
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-fdiagnostic-color=")) {
       colorflag = argv[i];
-    } else if (_startswith(argv[i], "-R") ||
+    } else if (startswith(argv[i], "-R") ||
                !strcmp(argv[i], "-fsave-optimization-record")) {
       if (isclang) AddArg(argv[i]);
-    } else if (isclang && _startswith(argv[i], "--debug-prefix-map")) {
+    } else if (isclang && startswith(argv[i], "--debug-prefix-map")) {
       /* llvm doesn't provide a gas interface so simulate w/ clang */
       AddArg(xstrcat("-f", argv[i] + 2));
     } else if (isgcc && (!strcmp(argv[i], "-Os") || !strcmp(argv[i], "-O2") ||
@@ -1279,7 +1279,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    * scrub environment for determinism and great justice
    */
   for (envp = environ; *envp; ++envp) {
-    if (_startswith(*envp, "MODE=")) {
+    if (startswith(*envp, "MODE=")) {
       mode = *envp + 5;
     }
     if (IsSafeEnv(*envp)) {
diff --git a/tool/build/cp.c b/tool/build/cp.c
index 541629428..a2279be95 100644
--- a/tool/build/cp.c
+++ b/tool/build/cp.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/mem/gc.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/ftw.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
@@ -37,7 +38,6 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/ftw.h"
 
 #define USAGE \
   " SRC... DST\n\
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ int Visit(const char *fpath, const struct stat *sb, int tflag,
   strcpy(srcfile, fpath);
   src = srcfile + striplen;
   strcpy(dstfile, dstdir);
-  if (!_endswith(dstfile, "/")) {
+  if (!endswith(dstfile, "/")) {
     strcat(dstfile, "/");
   }
   strcat(dstfile, src);
diff --git a/tool/build/elf2pe.c b/tool/build/elf2pe.c
index b97864b78..97e85db9a 100644
--- a/tool/build/elf2pe.c
+++ b/tool/build/elf2pe.c
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ static bool ParseDllImportSymbol(const char *symbol_name,
   size_t n;
   char *dll_name;
   const char *dolla;
-  if (!_startswith(symbol_name, "dll$")) return false;
+  if (!startswith(symbol_name, "dll$")) return false;
   symbol_name += 4;
   dolla = strchr(symbol_name, '$');
   if (!dolla) return false;
diff --git a/tool/build/fastdiff.c b/tool/build/fastdiff.c
index 28353a0e0..77e9c3644 100644
--- a/tool/build/fastdiff.c
+++ b/tool/build/fastdiff.c
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     if (!l1 && !l2) {
       exit(0);
     }
-    if (l1) _chomp(l1);
-    if (l2) _chomp(l2);
+    if (l1) chomp(l1);
+    if (l2) chomp(l2);
     if (!l1 || !l2) {
       printf("> %s\n", l1 ? l1 : "EOF");
       printf("< %s\n", l2 ? l2 : "EOF");
diff --git a/tool/build/gzip.c b/tool/build/gzip.c
index 88aa0d78f..19dc69a05 100644
--- a/tool/build/gzip.c
+++ b/tool/build/gzip.c
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ void Decompress(const char *inpath) {
   if (opt_usestdout) {
     output = stdout;
     outpath = "/dev/stdout";
-  } else if (_endswith(inpath, ".gz")) {
+  } else if (endswith(inpath, ".gz")) {
     n = strlen(inpath);
     if (n - 3 + 1 > PATH_MAX) _Exit(2);
     memcpy(pathbuf, inpath, n - 3);
diff --git a/tool/build/helpop.c b/tool/build/helpop.c
index 270f35c12..d660caa61 100644
--- a/tool/build/helpop.c
+++ b/tool/build/helpop.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
-#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
 
 #define USAGE \
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ void HandleOperand(const char *op) {
   while (*op) {
     found = false;
     for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(kDescriptors); ++i) {
-      if (_startswith(op, kDescriptors[i].prefix)) {
+      if (startswith(op, kDescriptors[i].prefix)) {
         found = true;
         op += strlen(kDescriptors[i].prefix);
         if (succinct_) {
diff --git a/tool/build/lib/buffer.c b/tool/build/lib/buffer.c
index fbb1be7b2..8305d3533 100644
--- a/tool/build/lib/buffer.c
+++ b/tool/build/lib/buffer.c
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ void AppendWide(struct Buffer *b, wint_t wc) {
   uint64_t wb;
   char buf[8];
   i = 0;
-  wb = _tpenc(wc);
+  wb = tpenc(wc);
   do {
     buf[i++] = wb & 0xFF;
     wb >>= 8;
diff --git a/tool/build/lib/demangle.c b/tool/build/lib/demangle.c
index 99c38c0d2..86c775c70 100644
--- a/tool/build/lib/demangle.c
+++ b/tool/build/lib/demangle.c
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ char *Demangle(char *p, const char *symbol, size_t n) {
   char *r;
   size_t sn;
   sn = strlen(symbol);
-  if (_startswith(symbol, "_Z")) {
+  if (startswith(symbol, "_Z")) {
     if ((r = DemangleCxxFilt(p, n, symbol, sn))) return r;
   }
   return CopySymbol(p, n, symbol, sn);
diff --git a/tool/build/lib/javadown.c b/tool/build/lib/javadown.c
index b3f0394fc..b270becdf 100644
--- a/tool/build/lib/javadown.c
+++ b/tool/build/lib/javadown.c
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "tool/build/lib/javadown.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "tool/build/lib/javadown.h"
 
 #define FILEOVERVIEW "@fileoverview"
 
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ static void SplitLines(struct Lines *lines, char *p) {
 static bool ConsumeFileOverview(struct Lines *lines) {
   int i;
   if (lines->n && lines->p[0].n >= strlen(FILEOVERVIEW) &&
-      _startswith(lines->p[0].p, FILEOVERVIEW)) {
+      startswith(lines->p[0].p, FILEOVERVIEW)) {
     lines->p[0].p += strlen(FILEOVERVIEW);
     lines->p[0].n -= strlen(FILEOVERVIEW);
     while (lines->p[0].n &&
diff --git a/tool/build/lib/parsesupportvector.c b/tool/build/lib/parsesupportvector.c
index 84d8b271c..720f42d38 100644
--- a/tool/build/lib/parsesupportvector.c
+++ b/tool/build/lib/parsesupportvector.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ bool ParseSupportVector(char *str, int *out_bits) {
   char *tok, *state;
   const char *sep = " ,+:/|";
   while ((tok = strtok_r(str, sep, &state))) {
-    if (_startswithi(tok, "_HOST")) {
+    if (startswithi(tok, "_host")) {
       tok += 5;
     }
     if (!strcasecmp(tok, "linux")) {
diff --git a/tool/build/mkdeps.c b/tool/build/mkdeps.c
index d2d6f8239..fd9e892ce 100644
--- a/tool/build/mkdeps.c
+++ b/tool/build/mkdeps.c
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ static const char *StripExt(char pathbuf[PATH_MAX + 1], const char *s) {
 static bool IsObjectSource(const char *name) {
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(kSourceExts); ++i) {
-    if (_endswith(name, kSourceExts[i])) return true;
+    if (endswith(name, kSourceExts[i])) return true;
   }
   return false;
 }
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ static char *Explore(void) {
     path = names + sauces[i].name;
     if (!IsObjectSource(path)) continue;
     Appendw(&makefile, '\n');
-    if (!_startswith(path, "o/")) {
+    if (!startswith(path, "o/")) {
       Appends(&makefile, buildroot);
     }
     Appends(&makefile, StripExt(buf, path));
diff --git a/tool/build/mv.c b/tool/build/mv.c
index d15c9307d..d4cab6be1 100644
--- a/tool/build/mv.c
+++ b/tool/build/mv.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/magnumstrs.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/gc.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/ftw.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/ftw.h"
 
 #define USAGE \
   " SRC... DST\n\
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ int Visit(const char *fpath, const struct stat *sb, int tflag,
   strcpy(srcfile, fpath);
   src = srcfile + striplen;
   strcpy(dstfile, dstdir);
-  if (!_endswith(dstfile, "/")) {
+  if (!endswith(dstfile, "/")) {
     strcat(dstfile, "/");
   }
   strcat(dstfile, src);
diff --git a/tool/build/rollup.c b/tool/build/rollup.c
index f231ca812..cde1ce6fd 100644
--- a/tool/build/rollup.c
+++ b/tool/build/rollup.c
@@ -97,13 +97,13 @@ void Visit(const char *path) {
   char *map;
   size_t size;
   bool isheader;
-  if (!_endswith(path, ".h") && !_endswith(path, ".inc")) return;
-  if (_endswith(path, ".internal.h")) return;
-  if (_endswith(path, "/internal.h")) return;
-  if (_endswith(path, ".internal.inc")) return;
-  if (_endswith(path, "/internal.inc")) return;
-  if (_startswith(path, "libc/isystem/")) return;
-  isheader = _endswith(path, ".h");
+  if (!endswith(path, ".h") && !endswith(path, ".inc")) return;
+  if (endswith(path, ".internal.h")) return;
+  if (endswith(path, "/internal.h")) return;
+  if (endswith(path, ".internal.inc")) return;
+  if (endswith(path, "/internal.inc")) return;
+  if (startswith(path, "libc/isystem/")) return;
+  isheader = endswith(path, ".h");
   if (isheader && isinterned(visited, path)) return;
   appends(&output, "\n\f\n/*!BEGIN ");
   appends(&output, path);
diff --git a/tool/build/runitd.c b/tool/build/runitd.c
index b5b596532..a3c5973ef 100644
--- a/tool/build/runitd.c
+++ b/tool/build/runitd.c
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ void StartTcpServer(void) {
     printf("ready %hu\n", ntohs(g_servaddr.sin_port));
     fflush(stdout);
     fclose(stdout);
-    dup2(g_bogusfd, stdout->fd);
+    dup2(g_bogusfd, fileno(stdout));
   }
 }
 
@@ -573,8 +573,8 @@ void Daemonize(void) {
   if (fork() > 0) _exit(0);
   setsid();
   if (fork() > 0) _exit(0);
-  dup2(g_bogusfd, stdin->fd);
-  if (!g_sendready) dup2(g_bogusfd, stdout->fd);
+  dup2(g_bogusfd, fileno(stdin));
+  if (!g_sendready) dup2(g_bogusfd, fileno(stdout));
   freopen(kLogFile, "ae", stderr);
   if (fstat(fileno(stderr), &st) != -1 && st.st_size > kLogMaxBytes) {
     ftruncate(fileno(stderr), 0);
diff --git a/tool/build/sha256sum.c b/tool/build/sha256sum.c
index 7b358591c..bd0a73419 100644
--- a/tool/build/sha256sum.c
+++ b/tool/build/sha256sum.c
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ static bool CheckDigests(const char *path, FILE *f) {
   unsigned char wantdigest[32], gotdigest[32];
   char buf[64 + 2 + PATH_MAX + 1 + 1], *p;
   for (line = 0; fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f); ++line) {
-    if (!*_chomp(buf)) continue;
+    if (!*chomp(buf)) continue;
     for (p = buf, i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
       if ((a = kHexToInt[*p++ & 255]) == -1) goto InvalidLine;
       if ((b = kHexToInt[*p++ & 255]) == -1) goto InvalidLine;
diff --git a/tool/build/unbundle.c b/tool/build/unbundle.c
index 011e04663..1d5029459 100644
--- a/tool/build/unbundle.c
+++ b/tool/build/unbundle.c
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/magnumstrs.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/ftw.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/ftw.h"
 
 const char *prog;
 char tmpdir[PATH_MAX];
@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ void Execute(char *argv[]) {
 
 int Visit(const char *fpath, const struct stat *sb, int tflag,
           struct FTW *ftwbuf) {
-  if (tflag == FTW_F && _endswith(fpath, ".gz")) {
+  if (tflag == FTW_F && endswith(fpath, ".gz")) {
     Execute((char *[]){"build/bootstrap/gzip.com", "-d", fpath, 0});
     strcpy(binpath, fpath);
     binpath[strlen(binpath) - 3] = 0;
     chmod(binpath, 0755);
-  } else if (tflag == FTW_F && _endswith(fpath, ".sym")) {
+  } else if (tflag == FTW_F && endswith(fpath, ".sym")) {
     strcpy(binpath, fpath);
     binpath[strlen(binpath) - 4] = 0;
     symlink(xslurp(fpath, 0), binpath);
diff --git a/tool/build/zipobj.c b/tool/build/zipobj.c
index 75f8e0047..eb85e467b 100644
--- a/tool/build/zipobj.c
+++ b/tool/build/zipobj.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
 #include "libc/elf/def.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/libgen.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
@@ -40,7 +41,6 @@
 #include "libc/zip.internal.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
 #include "tool/build/lib/elfwriter.h"
-#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "tool/build/lib/stripcomponents.h"
 
 char *name_;
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ void ProcessFile(struct ElfWriter *elf, const char *path) {
   }
   if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
     st.st_size = 0;
-    if (!_endswith(name, "/")) {
+    if (!endswith(name, "/")) {
       name = gc(xstrcat(name, '/'));
     }
   }
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ void PullEndOfCentralDirectoryIntoLinkage(struct ElfWriter *elf) {
 
 void CheckFilenameKosher(const char *path) {
   CHECK_LE(kZipCfileHdrMinSize + strlen(path), 65535);
-  CHECK(!_startswith(path, "/"));
+  CHECK(!startswith(path, "/"));
   CHECK(!strstr(path, ".."));
 }
 
diff --git a/tool/decode/unhex.c b/tool/decode/unhex.c
index c58d85a87..c29e094aa 100644
--- a/tool/decode/unhex.c
+++ b/tool/decode/unhex.c
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@
 │   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/str/tab.internal.h"
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview Hex to binary converter program.
@@ -15,14 +17,14 @@
  */
 
 int main() {
-  int o, t = -1;
-  while (0 <= (o = getchar()) && o <= 255) {
-    if (!isxdigit(o)) continue;
-    int h = hextoint(o);
-    if (t != -1) putchar(t * 16 + h), h = -1;
-    t = h;
+  int h, o, t = -1;
+  while ((o = getchar()) != -1) {
+    if ((h = kHexToInt[o & 255]) != -1) {
+      if (t != -1) {
+        putchar(t * 16 + h);
+        h = -1;
+      }
+      t = h;
+    }
   }
-  if (ferror(stdout)) return 1;
-  if (t != -1) return 2;
-  return 0;
 }
diff --git a/tool/decode/x86opinfo.c b/tool/decode/x86opinfo.c
index 7de9f3356..4e91453fa 100644
--- a/tool/decode/x86opinfo.c
+++ b/tool/decode/x86opinfo.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/str/tab.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
@@ -129,8 +130,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   for (k = 0, i = optind; i < argc; ++i) {
     CheckHex(argv[i]);
     for (j = 0; argv[i][j]; j += 2) {
-      if (++k > XED_MAX_INSTRUCTION_BYTES) ShowUsage(EX_DATAERR, stderr);
-      buf[k - 1] = hextoint(argv[i][j + 0]) << 4 | hextoint(argv[i][j + 1]);
+      if (++k > XED_MAX_INSTRUCTION_BYTES) {
+        ShowUsage(EX_DATAERR, stderr);
+      }
+      buf[k - 1] = kHexToInt[argv[i][j + 0] & 255] << 4 |
+                   kHexToInt[argv[i][j + 1] & 255];
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/tool/decode/xor.c b/tool/decode/xor.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 7e29142e7..000000000
--- a/tool/decode/xor.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview Hex to binary converter program.
- * Non-hex bytes are ignored. If you've got imposter syndrome you could
- * call this a compiler and start coding in hex.
- */
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  size_t i, j, l;
-  uint8_t *buf;
-  if (argc == 1) return 1;
-  buf = gc(xmalloc((l = strlen(argv[1]) / 2)));
-  for (j = 0; j < l; ++j) {
-    buf[j] = 0;
-  }
-  for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-    for (j = 0; j < l; ++j) {
-      buf[j] ^= hextoint(argv[i][j + 0]) << 4 | hextoint(argv[i][j + 1]);
-    }
-  }
-  for (j = 0; j < l; ++j) {
-    putchar("0123456789abcdef"[(buf[j] >> 4) & 0xf]);
-    putchar("0123456789abcdef"[(buf[j] >> 0) & 0xf]);
-  }
-  putchar('\n');
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/tool/emacs/cosmo-cpp-constants.el b/tool/emacs/cosmo-cpp-constants.el
index dbfdaaf0d..173dfe4e6 100644
--- a/tool/emacs/cosmo-cpp-constants.el
+++ b/tool/emacs/cosmo-cpp-constants.el
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@
     "__TIMESTAMP__"
     "_GNU_SOURCE"
     "_BSD_SOURCE"
+    "_COSMO_SOURCE"
     "_XOPEN_SOURCE"))
 
 (defconst cosmo-cpp-constants-cosmopolitan
diff --git a/tool/net/redbean.c b/tool/net/redbean.c
index 4c07a2279..309206290 100644
--- a/tool/net/redbean.c
+++ b/tool/net/redbean.c
@@ -2284,11 +2284,11 @@ static char *AppendHeader(char *p, const char *k, const char *v) {
 static char *AppendContentType(char *p, const char *ct) {
   p = stpcpy(p, "Content-Type: ");
   p = stpcpy(p, ct);
-  if ((cpm.istext = _startswith(ct, "text/"))) {
+  if ((cpm.istext = startswith(ct, "text/"))) {
     if (!strchr(ct + 5, ';')) {
       p = stpcpy(p, "; charset=utf-8");
     }
-    if (!cpm.referrerpolicy && _startswith(ct + 5, "html")) {
+    if (!cpm.referrerpolicy && startswith(ct + 5, "html")) {
       cpm.referrerpolicy = "no-referrer-when-downgrade";
     }
   }
@@ -3828,7 +3828,7 @@ static void StoreFile(char *path) {
   size_t plen, tlen;
   struct stat st;
   char *target = path;
-  if (_startswith(target, "./")) target += 2;
+  if (startswith(target, "./")) target += 2;
   tlen = strlen(target);
   if (!IsReasonablePath(target, tlen))
     FATALF("(cfg) error: can't store %`'s: contains '.' or '..' segments",
@@ -3844,7 +3844,7 @@ static void StorePath(const char *dirpath) {
   DIR *d;
   char *path;
   struct dirent *e;
-  if (!isdirectory(dirpath) && !_endswith(dirpath, "/"))
+  if (!isdirectory(dirpath) && !endswith(dirpath, "/"))
     return StoreFile(dirpath);
   if (!(d = opendir(dirpath))) FATALF("(cfg) error: can't open %`'s", dirpath);
   while ((e = readdir(d))) {
@@ -4730,7 +4730,7 @@ static int LuaGetZipPaths(lua_State *L) {
        zcf += ZIP_CFILE_HDRSIZE(zcf)) {
     CHECK_EQ(kZipCfileHdrMagic, ZIP_CFILE_MAGIC(zcf));
     path = GetAssetPath(zcf, &pathlen);
-    if (prefixlen == 0 || _startswith(path, prefix)) {
+    if (prefixlen == 0 || startswith(path, prefix)) {
       lua_pushlstring(L, path, pathlen);
       lua_seti(L, -2, ++i);
     }
@@ -6184,7 +6184,7 @@ static char *ServeAsset(struct Asset *a, const char *path, size_t pathlen) {
                ClientAcceptsGzip() && !ShouldAvoidGzip() &&
                !(a->file &&
                  IsNoCompressExt(a->file->path.s, a->file->path.n)) &&
-               ((cpm.contentlength >= 100 && _startswithi(ct, "text/")) ||
+               ((cpm.contentlength >= 100 && startswithi(ct, "text/")) ||
                 (cpm.contentlength >= 1000 &&
                  MeasureEntropy(cpm.content, 1000) < 7))) {
       VERBOSEF("serving compressed asset");
@@ -6926,10 +6926,10 @@ static void MakeExecutableModifiable(void) {
   if (IsWindows()) return;  // TODO
   if (IsOpenbsd()) return;  // TODO
   if (IsNetbsd()) return;   // TODO
-  if (_endswith(zpath, ".com.dbg")) return;
+  if (endswith(zpath, ".com.dbg")) return;
   close(zfd);
   ft = ftrace_enabled(0);
-  if ((zfd = _OpenExecutable()) == -1) {
+  if ((zfd = __open_executable()) == -1) {
     WARNF("(srvr) can't open executable for modification: %m");
   }
   if (ft > 0) {
diff --git a/tool/plinko/lib/printheap.c b/tool/plinko/lib/printheap.c
index f6deff44f..a16759c1c 100644
--- a/tool/plinko/lib/printheap.c
+++ b/tool/plinko/lib/printheap.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static const char *GetElfSymbol(uintptr_t funcaddr) {
 static const char *GetDispatchName(int x) {
   const char *s;
   s = GetElfSymbol(LO(GetShadow(x)));
-  if (_startswith(s, "Dispatch")) s += 8;
+  if (startswith(s, "Dispatch")) s += 8;
   return s;
 }
 
diff --git a/tool/viz/bf.c b/tool/viz/bf.c
index 81a5c820b..6aac36507 100644
--- a/tool/viz/bf.c
+++ b/tool/viz/bf.c
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ void bf(int fd) {
       obuf[n++] = ' ';
       for (i = 0; i < rc; ++i) {
         c = ibuf[i] & 0xff;
-        w = _tpenc(kCp437[c]);
+        w = tpenc(kCp437[c]);
         do {
           obuf[n++] = w;
         } while ((w >>= 8));
diff --git a/tool/viz/derasterize.c b/tool/viz/derasterize.c
index 979f17368..f40c58669 100644
--- a/tool/viz/derasterize.c
+++ b/tool/viz/derasterize.c
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ extern const char16_t kRunes[];
  */
 static char *tptoa(char *p, wchar_t x) {
   unsigned long w;
-  for (w = _tpenc(x); w; w >>= 010) *p++ = w & 0xff;
+  for (w = tpenc(x); w; w >>= 010) *p++ = w & 0xff;
   return p;
 }
 
diff --git a/tool/viz/getglyph.c b/tool/viz/getglyph.c
index aa6d46fe5..cde255886 100644
--- a/tool/viz/getglyph.c
+++ b/tool/viz/getglyph.c
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ static char *Raster(int yn, int xn, unsigned char Y[yn][xn], int *dw) {
           bs = s;
         }
       }
-      appendw(&r, _tpenc(kBlocks[bi].c));
+      appendw(&r, tpenc(kBlocks[bi].c));
       ++w;
     }
     if (w > *dw) *dw = w;
diff --git a/tool/viz/memzoom.c b/tool/viz/memzoom.c
index f10626e3a..f72da79a6 100644
--- a/tool/viz/memzoom.c
+++ b/tool/viz/memzoom.c
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ static void LoadRanges(void) {
         case 0:
           if (isxdigit(b[i])) {
             range.a <<= 4;
-            range.a += hextoint(b[i]);
+            range.a += kHexToInt[b[i] & 255];
           } else if (b[i] == '-') {
             t = 1;
           }
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ static void LoadRanges(void) {
         case 1:
           if (isxdigit(b[i])) {
             range.b <<= 4;
-            range.b += hextoint(b[i]);
+            range.b += kHexToInt[b[i] & 255];
           } else if (b[i] == ' ') {
             t = 2;
           }
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ static void Render(void) {
         p = FormatInt64(p, fg);
         *p++ = 'm';
       }
-      w = _tpenc(kCp437[c]);
+      w = tpenc(kCp437[c]);
       do {
         *p++ = w & 0xff;
         w >>= 8;