From dc6d11a0311aedfbd00be05dc3f6b48200e59a90 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justine Tunney <jtunney@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 24 Apr 2021 13:58:34 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Improve performance of printf functions

---
 examples/hello3.c                             |   3 +-
 libc/calls/internal.h                         |   1 +
 libc/calls/now.c                              |   6 +-
 libc/calls/vdprintf.c                         |  58 ++--
 .../writevuninterruptible.c}                  |  56 ++--
 libc/fmt/fmt.c                                |  82 ++++-
 libc/fmt/fmts.h                               |  13 +-
 libc/fmt/ntoa.c                               |  29 +-
 libc/fmt/pad.c                                |   5 +-
 libc/fmt/stoa.c                               |  86 ++---
 libc/fmt/vsnprintf.c                          |  15 +-
 libc/log/cancolor.c                           |  14 +-
 libc/log/isterminalinarticulate.c             |   5 +-
 libc/mem/vasprintf.c                          |  16 +-
 libc/nexgen32e/cescapec.S                     |  28 +-
 libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h                        |   2 +
 libc/nexgen32e/memrchr.S                      |   3 +-
 libc/runtime/ftrace.c                         |  46 +--
 libc/runtime/ftraceinit.c                     |  56 ++++
 libc/runtime/runtime.h                        |   1 +
 libc/stdio/fwrite.c                           |  27 +-
 libc/stdio/vfprintf.c                         |  15 +-
 libc/str/crc32c-pure.c                        |  79 -----
 libc/str/crc32c-sse42.c                       |  95 ------
 libc/str/crc32c.c                             |  25 +-
 libc/str/stpcpy.c                             |   2 +-
 net/http/categorizeip.c                       |   6 +-
 net/http/gethttpheader.inc                    |   5 +-
 net/http/gethttpmethod.inc                    |   9 +-
 net/http/isacceptablehost.c                   |  58 ++--
 net/http/ispublicip.c                         |   5 +-
 net/http/parsehttprequest.c                   |   2 +-
 test/libc/fmt/itoa64radix10_test.c            |   2 +
 test/libc/fmt/palandprintf_test.c             |  43 +--
 test/libc/str/crc32c_test.c                   |  12 +-
 test/net/http/isacceptablehost_test.c         |   4 +-
 tool/net/net.mk                               |  16 +-
 tool/net/redbean.c                            | 295 +++++++++---------
 tool/net/redbean.lua                          |   2 +-
 39 files changed, 577 insertions(+), 650 deletions(-)
 rename libc/{str/crc32c.S => calls/writevuninterruptible.c} (65%)
 create mode 100644 libc/runtime/ftraceinit.c
 delete mode 100644 libc/str/crc32c-pure.c
 delete mode 100644 libc/str/crc32c-sse42.c

diff --git a/examples/hello3.c b/examples/hello3.c
index 29a69466f..64fbdbbb2 100644
--- a/examples/hello3.c
+++ b/examples/hello3.c
@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 int main() {
-  printf("%s \n", "hello world");
+  printf("%`'s\n", "hello\1\2world→→");
   return errno;
 }
diff --git a/libc/calls/internal.h b/libc/calls/internal.h
index d523e8e44..4c5571864 100644
--- a/libc/calls/internal.h
+++ b/libc/calls/internal.h
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ int gethostname_bsd(char *, size_t) hidden;
 int gethostname_nt(char *, size_t) hidden;
 size_t __iovec_size(const struct iovec *, size_t) hidden;
 void __rusage2linux(struct rusage *) hidden;
+ssize_t WritevUninterruptible(int, struct iovec *, int);
 
 /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│─╗
 │ cosmopolitan § syscalls » windows nt » veneers                           ─╬─│┼
diff --git a/libc/calls/now.c b/libc/calls/now.c
index 291af2b44..3c00291fc 100644
--- a/libc/calls/now.c
+++ b/libc/calls/now.c
@@ -70,10 +70,6 @@ long double ConvertTicksToNanos(uint64_t ticks) {
   return ticks * g_now.cpn; /* pico scale */
 }
 
-static long double ConvertTicksToSeconds(uint64_t ticks) {
-  return 1 / 1e9 * ConvertTicksToNanos(ticks);
-}
-
 long double nowl_sys(void) {
   return dtime(CLOCK_REALTIME);
 }
@@ -82,5 +78,5 @@ long double nowl_art(void) {
   uint64_t ticks;
   if (!g_now.once) RefreshTime();
   ticks = unsignedsubtract(rdtsc(), g_now.k0);
-  return g_now.r0 + ConvertTicksToSeconds(ticks);
+  return g_now.r0 + (1 / 1e9L * (ticks * g_now.cpn));
 }
diff --git a/libc/calls/vdprintf.c b/libc/calls/vdprintf.c
index 882dd4ff4..cf4e92fdd 100644
--- a/libc/calls/vdprintf.c
+++ b/libc/calls/vdprintf.c
@@ -22,43 +22,55 @@
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nt/files.h"
+#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
 struct VdprintfState {
-  int n;
-  int fd;
-  unsigned char buf[1024];
+  int n, t, fd;
+  char b[1024];
 };
 
-static int vdprintf_flush(struct VdprintfState *df, int n) {
-  int i, rc;
-  for (i = 0; i < n; i += rc) {
-    if ((rc = write(df->fd, df->buf + i, n - i)) == -1) {
-      return -1;
+static int vdprintf_putc(const char *s, struct VdprintfState *t, size_t n) {
+  struct iovec iov[2];
+  if (n) {
+    if (t->n + n < sizeof(t->b)) {
+      memcpy(t->b + t->n, s, n);
+      t->n += n;
+    } else {
+      iov[0].iov_base = t->b;
+      iov[0].iov_len = t->n;
+      iov[1].iov_base = s;
+      iov[1].iov_len = n;
+      if (WritevUninterruptible(t->fd, iov, 2) == -1) {
+        return -1;
+      }
+      t->t += t->n;
+      t->n = 0;
     }
   }
   return 0;
 }
 
-static int vdprintf_putc(int c, struct VdprintfState *df) {
-  df->buf[df->n++ & (ARRAYLEN(df->buf) - 1)] = c & 0xff;
-  if ((df->n & (ARRAYLEN(df->buf) - 1))) {
-    return 0;
-  } else {
-    return vdprintf_flush(df, ARRAYLEN(df->buf));
-  }
-}
-
 /**
  * Formats string directly to system i/o device.
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  * @vforksafe
  */
 int(vdprintf)(int fd, const char *fmt, va_list va) {
-  struct VdprintfState df;
-  df.n = 0;
-  df.fd = fd;
-  if (__fmt(vdprintf_putc, &df, fmt, va) == -1) return -1;
-  if (vdprintf_flush(&df, df.n & (ARRAYLEN(df.buf) - 1)) == -1) return -1;
-  return df.n;
+  struct iovec iov[1];
+  struct VdprintfState t;
+  t.n = 0;
+  t.t = 0;
+  t.fd = fd;
+  if (__fmt(vdprintf_putc, &t, fmt, va) == -1) return -1;
+  if (t.n) {
+    iov[0].iov_base = t.b;
+    iov[0].iov_len = t.n;
+    if (WritevUninterruptible(t.fd, iov, 1) == -1) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    t.t += t.n;
+  }
+  return t.t;
 }
diff --git a/libc/str/crc32c.S b/libc/calls/writevuninterruptible.c
similarity index 65%
rename from libc/str/crc32c.S
rename to libc/calls/writevuninterruptible.c
index 85af9effd..c1b86340d 100644
--- a/libc/str/crc32c.S
+++ b/libc/calls/writevuninterruptible.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
-│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
 ╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
 │                                                                              │
 │ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
 │ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
@@ -16,28 +16,30 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/dce.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
-#include "libc/notice.inc"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
 
-//	Computes 32-bit Castagnoli Cyclic Redundancy Check.
-//
-//	@param	edi is the initial hash value (0 is fine)
-//	@param	rsi points to the data
-//	@param	rdx is the byte size of data
-//	@return	eax is the new hash value
-//	@note	Used by ISCSI, TensorFlow, etc.
-	.initbss 300,_init_crc32c
-crc32c:	.quad	0
-	.endobj	crc32c,globl
-	.previous
-
-	.init.start 300,_init_crc32c
-	ezlea	crc32c_pure,ax
-	ezlea	crc32c_sse42,cx
-	testb	X86_HAVE(SSE4_2)+kCpuids(%rip)
-	cmovnz	%rcx,%rax
-	stosq
-	.init.end 300,_init_crc32c
-	.source	__FILE__
+ssize_t WritevUninterruptible(int fd, struct iovec *iov, int iovlen) {
+  ssize_t rc;
+  size_t wrote;
+  do {
+    if ((rc = writev(fd, iov, iovlen)) != -1) {
+      wrote = rc;
+      do {
+        if (wrote >= iov->iov_len) {
+          wrote -= iov->iov_len;
+          ++iov;
+          --iovlen;
+        } else {
+          iov->iov_base = (char *)iov->iov_base + wrote;
+          iov->iov_len -= wrote;
+          wrote = 0;
+        }
+      } while (wrote);
+    } else if (errno != EINTR) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+  } while (iovlen);
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/libc/fmt/fmt.c b/libc/fmt/fmt.c
index 3bacd1d48..fda6ed39d 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/fmt.c
+++ b/libc/fmt/fmt.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmts.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/internal.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/bsr.h"
@@ -31,11 +32,12 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 #include "third_party/gdtoa/gdtoa.h"
 
-#define PUT(C)               \
-  do {                       \
-    if (out(C, arg) == -1) { \
-      return -1;             \
-    }                        \
+#define PUT(C)                    \
+  do {                            \
+    char Buf[1] = {C};            \
+    if (out(Buf, arg, 1) == -1) { \
+      return -1;                  \
+    }                             \
   } while (0)
 
 static const char kSpecialFloats[2][2][4] = {{"INF", "inf"}, {"NAN", "nan"}};
@@ -121,14 +123,18 @@ hidden int __fmt(void *fn, void *arg, const char *format, va_list va) {
     uint32_t u[2];
     uint64_t q;
   } pun;
+  long ld;
   void *p;
+  unsigned u;
+  char ibuf[21];
   bool longdouble;
   long double ldbl;
+  unsigned long lu;
   wchar_t charbuf[1];
   const char *alphabet;
-  int (*out)(long, void *);
+  int (*out)(const char *, void *, size_t);
   unsigned char signbit, log2base;
-  int c, d, k, w, i1, ui, bw, bex;
+  int c, d, k, w, n, i1, ui, bw, bex;
   char *s, *q, *se, qchar, special[8];
   int sgn, alt, sign, prec, prec1, flags, width, decpt, lasterr;
 
@@ -136,18 +142,64 @@ hidden int __fmt(void *fn, void *arg, const char *format, va_list va) {
   out = fn ? fn : (void *)missingno;
 
   while (*format) {
-    /* %[flags][width][.prec][length] */
     if (*format != '%') {
-      /* no */
-      PUT(*format);
-      format++;
+      for (n = 1; format[n]; ++n) {
+        if (format[n] == '%') break;
+      }
+      if (out(format, arg, n) == -1) return -1;
+      format += n;
       continue;
-    } else {
-      /* yes, evaluate it */
-      format++;
     }
 
-    /* evaluate flags */
+    if (!IsTiny()) {
+      if (format[1] == 's') { /* FAST PATH: PLAIN STRING */
+        s = va_arg(va, char *);
+        if (!s) s = "(null)";
+        if (out(s, arg, strlen(s)) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 2;
+        continue;
+      } else if (format[1] == 'd') { /* FAST PATH: PLAIN INTEGER */
+        d = va_arg(va, int);
+        if (out(ibuf, arg, int64toarray_radix10(d, ibuf)) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 2;
+        continue;
+      } else if (format[1] == 'u') { /* FAST PATH: PLAIN UNSIGNED */
+        u = va_arg(va, unsigned);
+        if (out(ibuf, arg, uint64toarray_radix10(u, ibuf)) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 2;
+        continue;
+      } else if (format[1] == 'x') { /* FAST PATH: PLAIN HEX */
+        u = va_arg(va, unsigned);
+        if (out(ibuf, arg, uint64toarray_radix16(u, ibuf)) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 2;
+        continue;
+      } else if (format[1] == 'l' && format[2] == 'x') {
+        lu = va_arg(va, unsigned long); /* FAST PATH: PLAIN LONG HEX */
+        if (out(ibuf, arg, uint64toarray_radix16(lu, ibuf)) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 3;
+        continue;
+      } else if (format[1] == 'l' && format[2] == 'd') {
+        ld = va_arg(va, long); /* FAST PATH: PLAIN LONG */
+        if (out(ibuf, arg, int64toarray_radix10(ld, ibuf)) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 3;
+        continue;
+      } else if (format[1] == 'l' && format[2] == 'u') {
+        lu = va_arg(va, unsigned long); /* FAST PATH: PLAIN UNSIGNED LONG */
+        if (out(ibuf, arg, int64toarray_radix10(lu, ibuf)) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 3;
+        continue;
+      } else if (format[1] == '.' && format[2] == '*' && format[3] == 's') {
+        n = va_arg(va, unsigned); /* FAST PATH: PRECISION STRING */
+        s = va_arg(va, const char *);
+        if (!s) s = "(null)", n = MIN(6, n);
+        if (out(s, arg, n) == -1) return -1;
+        format += 4;
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* GENERAL PATH */
+    format++;
     sign = 0;
     flags = 0;
   getflag:
diff --git a/libc/fmt/fmts.h b/libc/fmt/fmts.h
index 4336f7bc8..c56f88650 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/fmts.h
+++ b/libc/fmt/fmts.h
@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
-int __fmt_pad(int (*)(long, void *), void *, unsigned long) hidden;
-int __fmt_stoa(int (*)(long, void *), void *, void *, unsigned long,
-               unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned char,
-               unsigned char) hidden;
-int __fmt_ntoa(int (*)(long, void *), void *, va_list, unsigned char,
+int __fmt_pad(int (*)(const char *, void *, size_t), void *,
+              unsigned long) hidden;
+int __fmt_stoa(int (*)(const char *, void *, size_t), void *, void *,
                unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned char,
-               const char *) hidden;
+               unsigned char) hidden;
+int __fmt_ntoa(int (*)(const char *, void *, size_t), void *, va_list,
+               unsigned char, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long,
+               unsigned char, const char *) hidden;
 char *__fmt_dtoa(double, int, int, int *, int *, char **) hidden;
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
diff --git a/libc/fmt/ntoa.c b/libc/fmt/ntoa.c
index 25757d6c6..508113de7 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/ntoa.c
+++ b/libc/fmt/ntoa.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/alg/reverse.internal.h"
 #include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmts.h"
@@ -25,12 +26,11 @@
 
 uintmax_t __udivmodti4(uintmax_t, uintmax_t, uintmax_t *);
 
-static int __fmt_ntoa_format(int out(long, void *), void *arg, char *buf,
-                             unsigned len, bool negative, unsigned log2base,
-                             unsigned prec, unsigned width,
+static int __fmt_ntoa_format(int out(const char *, void *, size_t), void *arg,
+                             char *buf, unsigned len, bool negative,
+                             unsigned log2base, unsigned prec, unsigned width,
                              unsigned char flags) {
-  unsigned i, idx;
-  idx = 0;
+  unsigned i;
 
   /* pad leading zeros */
   if (!(flags & FLAGS_LEFT)) {
@@ -82,24 +82,21 @@ static int __fmt_ntoa_format(int out(long, void *), void *arg, char *buf,
     }
   }
 
-  /* reverse string */
-  for (i = 0U; i < len; i++) {
-    if (out(buf[len - i - 1], arg) == -1) return -1;
-    idx++;
-  }
+  reverse(buf, len);
+  if (out(buf, arg, len) == -1) return -1;
 
   /* append pad spaces up to given width */
   if (flags & FLAGS_LEFT) {
-    if (idx < width) {
-      if (__fmt_pad(out, arg, width - idx) == -1) return -1;
+    if (len < width) {
+      if (__fmt_pad(out, arg, width - len) == -1) return -1;
     }
   }
   return 0;
 }
 
-int __fmt_ntoa2(int out(long, void *), void *arg, uintmax_t value, bool neg,
-                unsigned log2base, unsigned prec, unsigned width,
-                unsigned flags, const char *alphabet) {
+int __fmt_ntoa2(int out(const char *, void *, size_t), void *arg,
+                uintmax_t value, bool neg, unsigned log2base, unsigned prec,
+                unsigned width, unsigned flags, const char *alphabet) {
   uintmax_t remainder;
   unsigned len, count, digit;
   char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
@@ -130,7 +127,7 @@ int __fmt_ntoa2(int out(long, void *), void *arg, uintmax_t value, bool neg,
                            flags);
 }
 
-int __fmt_ntoa(int out(long, void *), void *arg, va_list va,
+int __fmt_ntoa(int out(const char *, void *, size_t), void *arg, va_list va,
                unsigned char signbit, unsigned long log2base,
                unsigned long prec, unsigned long width, unsigned char flags,
                const char *lang) {
diff --git a/libc/fmt/pad.c b/libc/fmt/pad.c
index e6d50dcd3..c489c745f 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/pad.c
+++ b/libc/fmt/pad.c
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/fmt/fmts.h"
 
-int __fmt_pad(int out(long, void *), void *arg, unsigned long n) {
+int __fmt_pad(int out(const char *, void *, size_t), void *arg,
+              unsigned long n) {
   int i, rc;
-  for (rc = i = 0; i < n; ++i) rc |= out(' ', arg);
+  for (rc = i = 0; i < n; ++i) rc |= out(" ", arg, 1);
   return rc;
 }
diff --git a/libc/fmt/stoa.c b/libc/fmt/stoa.c
index 04ae8de42..d189dffa4 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/stoa.c
+++ b/libc/fmt/stoa.c
@@ -16,9 +16,12 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/bits/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmts.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/internal.h"
+#include "libc/nexgen32e/bsr.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/tinystrlen.internal.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/str/thompike.h"
@@ -26,56 +29,50 @@
 #include "libc/str/utf16.h"
 #include "libc/unicode/unicode.h"
 
-typedef int (*emit_f)(int (*)(long, void *), void *, wint_t);
+typedef int (*out_f)(const char *, void *, size_t);
+typedef int (*emit_f)(out_f, void *, uint64_t);
 
-static noinstrument int __fmt_stoa_byte(int f(long, void *), void *a,
-                                        wint_t c) {
-  return f(c, a);
+static int __fmt_stoa_byte(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t c) {
+  char buf[1] = {c};
+  return out(buf, a, 1);
 }
 
-static noinstrument int __fmt_stoa_word(int f(long, void *), void *a,
-                                        uint64_t w) {
-  do {
-    if (f(w & 0xff, a) == -1) {
-      return -1;
+static int __fmt_stoa_wide(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t w) {
+  char buf[8];
+  if (!isascii(w)) w = tpenc(w);
+  WRITE64LE(buf, w);
+  return out(buf, a, w ? (bsr(w) >> 3) + 1 : 1);
+}
+
+static int __fmt_stoa_bing(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t w) {
+  char buf[8];
+  w = tpenc((*weaken(kCp437))[w & 0xFF]);
+  WRITE64LE(buf, w);
+  return out(buf, a, w ? (bsr(w) >> 3) + 1 : 1);
+}
+
+static int __fmt_stoa_quoted(out_f out, void *a, uint64_t w) {
+  char buf[8];
+  if (w <= 0x7F) {
+    if (w < 0x20 || w == 0x7F) {
+      w = cescapec(w);
     }
-  } while ((w >>= 8));
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static noinstrument int __fmt_stoa_wide(int f(long, void *), void *a,
-                                        wint_t c) {
-  if (isascii(c)) {
-    return f(c, a);
   } else {
-    return __fmt_stoa_word(f, a, tpenc(c));
+    w = tpenc(w);
   }
+  WRITE64LE(buf, w);
+  return out(buf, a, w ? (bsr(w) >> 3) + 1 : 1);
 }
 
-static noinstrument int __fmt_stoa_bing(int f(long, void *), void *a,
-                                        wint_t c) {
-  return __fmt_stoa_wide(f, a, (*weaken(kCp437))[c]);
-}
-
-static noinstrument int __fmt_stoa_quoted(int f(long, void *), void *a,
-                                          wint_t c) {
-  if (isascii(c)) {
-    return __fmt_stoa_word(f, a, cescapec(c));
-  } else {
-    return __fmt_stoa_word(f, a, tpenc(c));
-  }
-}
-
-static noinstrument int __fmt_stoa_quote(int out(long, void *), void *arg,
-                                         unsigned flags, char ch,
-                                         unsigned char signbit) {
+static int __fmt_stoa_quote(out_f out, void *arg, unsigned flags, char ch,
+                            unsigned char signbit) {
   if (flags & FLAGS_REPR) {
     if (signbit == 63) {
-      if (out('L', arg) == -1) return -1;
+      if (out("L", arg, 1) == -1) return -1;
     } else if (signbit == 15) {
-      if (out('u', arg) == -1) return -1;
+      if (out("u", arg, 1) == -1) return -1;
     }
-    if (out(ch, arg) == -1) return -1;
+    if (out(&ch, arg, 1) == -1) return -1;
   }
   return 0;
 }
@@ -89,23 +86,25 @@ static noinstrument int __fmt_stoa_quote(int out(long, void *), void *arg,
  *
  * @see __fmt()
  */
-int __fmt_stoa(int out(long, void *), void *arg, void *data,
+int __fmt_stoa(int out(const char *, void *, size_t), void *arg, void *data,
                unsigned long flags, unsigned long precision,
                unsigned long width, unsigned char signbit,
                unsigned char qchar) {
-  char *p;
   wint_t wc;
   unsigned n;
   emit_f emit;
+  char *p, buf[1];
   unsigned w, c, pad;
   bool justdobytes, ignorenul;
 
   p = data;
   if (!p) {
     p = ((flags & FLAGS_REPR) ? "NULL" : "(null)");
-    flags &= ~FLAGS_PRECISION;
-    flags |= FLAGS_NOQUOTE;
     signbit = 0;
+    flags |= FLAGS_NOQUOTE;
+    if (flags & FLAGS_PRECISION) {
+      precision = min(strlen(p), precision);
+    }
   } else {
     if (__fmt_stoa_quote(out, arg, flags, qchar, signbit) == -1) return -1;
   }
@@ -215,7 +214,8 @@ int __fmt_stoa(int out(long, void *), void *arg, void *data,
   }
 
   if (!(flags & FLAGS_NOQUOTE) && (flags & FLAGS_REPR)) {
-    if (out(qchar, arg) == -1) return -1;
+    buf[0] = qchar;
+    if (out(buf, arg, 1) == -1) return -1;
   }
 
   return 0;
diff --git a/libc/fmt/vsnprintf.c b/libc/fmt/vsnprintf.c
index 72d158b98..762684db8 100644
--- a/libc/fmt/vsnprintf.c
+++ b/libc/fmt/vsnprintf.c
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 
 struct SprintfStr {
@@ -28,10 +28,13 @@ struct SprintfStr {
   size_t n;
 };
 
-static noinstrument int vsnprintfputchar(unsigned char c,
-                                         struct SprintfStr *str) {
-  if (str->i < str->n) str->p[str->i] = c;
-  str->i++;
+static int vsnprintfputchar(const char *s, struct SprintfStr *t, size_t n) {
+  if (t->i + n <= t->n) {
+    memcpy(t->p + t->i, s, n);
+  } else if (t->i < t->n) {
+    memcpy(t->p + t->i, s, t->n - t->i);
+  }
+  t->i += n;
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -51,6 +54,6 @@ static noinstrument int vsnprintfputchar(unsigned char c,
 int(vsnprintf)(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list va) {
   struct SprintfStr str = {buf, 0, size};
   __fmt(vsnprintfputchar, &str, fmt, va);
-  if (str.n) str.p[min(str.i, str.n - 1)] = '\0';
+  if (str.n) str.p[MIN(str.i, str.n - 1)] = '\0';
   return str.i;
 }
diff --git a/libc/log/cancolor.c b/libc/log/cancolor.c
index 4e77c77bc..6d920897a 100644
--- a/libc/log/cancolor.c
+++ b/libc/log/cancolor.c
@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/log/color.internal.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
@@ -43,17 +46,8 @@
 bool cancolor(void) {
   static bool once;
   static bool result;
-  const char *term;
   if (!once) {
-    if (!result) {
-      if ((term = getenv("TERM"))) {
-        /* anything but emacs basically */
-        result = strcmp(term, "dumb") != 0;
-      } else {
-        /* TODO(jart): Why does Mac bash login shell exec nuke TERM? */
-        result = IsXnu();
-      }
-    }
+    result = !!strcmp(nulltoempty(getenv("DONTANSIMEBRO")), "1");
     once = true;
   }
   return result;
diff --git a/libc/log/isterminalinarticulate.c b/libc/log/isterminalinarticulate.c
index 7d302ca6b..7d2d597bc 100644
--- a/libc/log/isterminalinarticulate.c
+++ b/libc/log/isterminalinarticulate.c
@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
-/**
- * Checks if we're probably running inside Emacs.
- */
 bool IsTerminalInarticulate(void) {
-  return strcmp(nulltoempty(getenv("TERM")), "dumb") == 0;
+  return !strcmp(nulltoempty(getenv("TERM")), "dumb");
 }
diff --git a/libc/mem/vasprintf.c b/libc/mem/vasprintf.c
index 040f11199..f74ca4251 100644
--- a/libc/mem/vasprintf.c
+++ b/libc/mem/vasprintf.c
@@ -29,26 +29,26 @@
  * @see xasprintf() for a better API
  */
 int(vasprintf)(char **strp, const char *fmt, va_list va) {
-  int wrote;
   char *p;
   size_t size;
-  va_list va2;
+  va_list vb;
+  int wrote, rc = -1;
   if ((*strp = malloc((size = 512)))) {
-    va_copy(va2, va);
+    va_copy(vb, va);
     wrote = (vsnprintf)(*strp, size, fmt, va);
-    if (wrote == -1) return -1;
     if (wrote < size) {
       if ((p = realloc(*strp, wrote + 1))) *strp = p;
-      return wrote;
+      rc = wrote;
     } else {
       size = wrote + 1;
       if ((p = realloc(*strp, size))) {
         *strp = p;
-        wrote = (vsnprintf)(*strp, size, fmt, va2);
+        wrote = (vsnprintf)(*strp, size, fmt, vb);
         assert(wrote == size - 1);
-        return wrote;
+        rc = wrote;
       }
     }
+    va_end(vb);
   }
-  return -1;
+  return rc;
 }
diff --git a/libc/nexgen32e/cescapec.S b/libc/nexgen32e/cescapec.S
index 3ce5685e6..b7623117f 100644
--- a/libc/nexgen32e/cescapec.S
+++ b/libc/nexgen32e/cescapec.S
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 //	@param	dil contains byte to escape
 //	@see	libc/nexgen32e/cescapec.c
 cescapec:
+	.leafprologue
+	.profilable
 	movzbl	%dil,%edi
 	lea	-7(%rdi),%ecx
 	cmp	$85,%cl
@@ -36,28 +38,28 @@ cescapec:
 	jmp	*cescapectab(,%rcx,8)
 .Lanchorpoint:
 .LBEL:	mov	$'a',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LBS:	mov	$'b',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LHT:	mov	$'t',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LLF:	mov	$'n',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LVT:	mov	$'v',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LFF:	mov	$'f',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LCR:	mov	$'r',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LDQ:	mov	$'\"',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LSQ:	mov	$'\'',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 .LBSL:	mov	$'\\',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 #ifdef __STRICT_ANSI__
 .LQM:	mov	$'?',%ah
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 #else
 .LQM:
 #endif
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ cescapec:
 	lea	-0x20(%rax),%ecx
 	cmp	$0x5E,%ecx
 	ja	2f
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 2:	and	$-64,%eax
 	mov	%edi,%ecx
 	and	$56,%ecx
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ cescapec:
 	or	%ecx,%edi
 	lea	(%rdi,%rax,4),%eax
 	add	$'0'<<030|'0'<<020|'0'<<010|'\\',%eax
-	ret
+	.leafepilogue
 	.endfn	cescapec,globl
 
 	.initro 300,_init_cescapec
diff --git a/libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h b/libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h
index 750783f70..7890f980c 100644
--- a/libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h
+++ b/libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 
+extern const uint32_t kCrc32cTab[256];
+
 void crc32init(uint32_t[hasatleast 256], uint32_t);
 uint32_t crc32c(uint32_t, const void *, size_t);
 uint32_t crc32_z(uint32_t, const void *, size_t);
diff --git a/libc/nexgen32e/memrchr.S b/libc/nexgen32e/memrchr.S
index b8296a37a..942b01c10 100644
--- a/libc/nexgen32e/memrchr.S
+++ b/libc/nexgen32e/memrchr.S
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@
 //	@return	rax is address of last %sil in %rdi, or NULL
 //	@note	AVX2 requires Haswell (2014+) or Excavator (2015+)
 //	@asyncsignalsafe
-memrchr:.leafprologue
+memrchr:
+	.leafprologue
 	.profilable
 #if !IsTiny()
 	cmp	$32,%rdx
diff --git a/libc/runtime/ftrace.c b/libc/runtime/ftrace.c
index 1ccf2e9c0..0fa7538fe 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/ftrace.c
+++ b/libc/runtime/ftrace.c
@@ -106,44 +106,12 @@ privileged noasan void ftrace(void) {
   noreentry = 0;
 }
 
-/**
- * Enables plaintext function tracing if `--ftrace` flag is passed.
- *
- * The `--ftrace` CLI arg is removed before main() is called. This code
- * is intended for diagnostic purposes and assumes binaries are
- * trustworthy and stack isn't corrupted. Logging plain text allows
- * program structure to easily be visualized and hotspots identified w/
- * `sed | sort | uniq -c | sort`. A compressed trace can be made by
- * appending `--ftrace 2>&1 | gzip -4 >trace.gz` to the CLI arguments.
- *
- * @see libc/runtime/_init.S for documentation
- */
-textstartup int ftrace_init(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int i;
-  bool foundflag;
-  foundflag = false;
-  for (i = 1; i <= argc; ++i) {
-    if (!foundflag) {
-      if (argv[i]) {
-        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--ftrace") == 0) {
-          foundflag = true;
-        } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "----ftrace") == 0) {
-          strcpy(argv[i], "--ftrace");
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      argv[i - 1] = argv[i];
-    }
+textstartup void ftrace_install(void) {
+  g_buf[0] = '+';
+  g_buf[1] = ' ';
+  if ((g_symbols = OpenSymbolTable(FindDebugBinary()))) {
+    __hook(ftrace_hook, g_symbols);
+  } else {
+    write(2, "error: --ftrace needs the concomitant .com.dbg binary\n", 54);
   }
-  if (foundflag) {
-    --argc;
-    g_buf[0] = '+';
-    g_buf[1] = ' ';
-    if ((g_symbols = OpenSymbolTable(FindDebugBinary()))) {
-      __hook(ftrace_hook, g_symbols);
-    } else {
-      write(2, "error: --ftrace needs the concomitant .com.dbg binary\n", 54);
-    }
-  }
-  return argc;
 }
diff --git a/libc/runtime/ftraceinit.c b/libc/runtime/ftraceinit.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd6af1c9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libc/runtime/ftraceinit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+
+/**
+ * Enables plaintext function tracing if `--ftrace` flag is passed.
+ *
+ * The `--ftrace` CLI arg is removed before main() is called. This code
+ * is intended for diagnostic purposes and assumes binaries are
+ * trustworthy and stack isn't corrupted. Logging plain text allows
+ * program structure to easily be visualized and hotspots identified w/
+ * `sed | sort | uniq -c | sort`. A compressed trace can be made by
+ * appending `--ftrace 2>&1 | gzip -4 >trace.gz` to the CLI arguments.
+ *
+ * @see libc/runtime/_init.S for documentation
+ */
+textstartup int ftrace_init(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int i;
+  bool foundflag;
+  foundflag = false;
+  for (i = 1; i <= argc; ++i) {
+    if (!foundflag) {
+      if (argv[i]) {
+        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--ftrace") == 0) {
+          foundflag = true;
+        } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "----ftrace") == 0) {
+          strcpy(argv[i], "--ftrace");
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      argv[i - 1] = argv[i];
+    }
+  }
+  if (foundflag) {
+    --argc;
+    ftrace_install();
+  }
+  return argc;
+}
diff --git a/libc/runtime/runtime.h b/libc/runtime/runtime.h
index 96863de54..1f230596b 100644
--- a/libc/runtime/runtime.h
+++ b/libc/runtime/runtime.h
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ void _weakfree(void *);
 void free_s(void *) paramsnonnull() libcesque;
 int close_s(int *) paramsnonnull() libcesque;
 int OpenExecutable(void);
+void ftrace_install(void);
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
diff --git a/libc/stdio/fwrite.c b/libc/stdio/fwrite.c
index 37b0a85db..395f0d41f 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/fwrite.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/fwrite.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/iovec.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
@@ -28,30 +29,6 @@
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 
-static ssize_t WritevAll(int fd, struct iovec *iov, int iovlen) {
-  ssize_t rc;
-  size_t wrote;
-  do {
-    if ((rc = writev(fd, iov, iovlen)) != -1) {
-      wrote = rc;
-      do {
-        if (wrote >= iov->iov_len) {
-          wrote -= iov->iov_len;
-          ++iov;
-          --iovlen;
-        } else {
-          iov->iov_base = (char *)iov->iov_base + wrote;
-          iov->iov_len -= wrote;
-          wrote = 0;
-        }
-      } while (wrote);
-    } else if (errno != EINTR) {
-      return -1;
-    }
-  } while (iovlen);
-  return 0;
-}
-
 /**
  * Writes data to stream.
  *
@@ -102,7 +79,7 @@ size_t fwrite(const void *data, size_t stride, size_t count, FILE *f) {
   iov[1].iov_base = data;
   iov[1].iov_len = n;
   n += f->beg;
-  if (WritevAll(f->fd, iov, 2) == -1) {
+  if (WritevUninterruptible(f->fd, iov, 2) == -1) {
     f->state = errno;
     return 0;
   }
diff --git a/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c b/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c
index cd2c0a2fe..96b354013 100644
--- a/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c
+++ b/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
@@ -26,9 +27,17 @@ struct state {
   int n;
 };
 
-static noinstrument int vfprintfputchar(int c, struct state *st) {
-  st->n++;
-  return fputc(c, st->f);
+static int vfprintfputchar(const char *s, struct state *t, size_t n) {
+  if (n) {
+    if (n == 1 && *s != '\n' && t->f->beg < t->f->size &&
+        t->f->bufmode != _IONBF) {
+      t->f->buf[t->f->beg++] = *s;
+    } else if (!fwrite(s, 1, n, t->f)) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    t->n += n;
+  }
+  return 0;
 }
 
 int(vfprintf)(FILE *f, const char *fmt, va_list va) {
diff --git a/libc/str/crc32c-pure.c b/libc/str/crc32c-pure.c
deleted file mode 100644
index df67d6ee5..000000000
--- a/libc/str/crc32c-pure.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h"
-
-extern const uint32_t kCrc32cTab[256];
-
-/**
- * Computes Castagnoli CRC-32 on old computers.
- */
-uint32_t crc32c_pure(uint32_t init, const void *data, size_t size) {
-  const unsigned char *p = data;
-  uint32_t h = init ^ 0xffffffff;
-  unsigned i;
-  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-    h = h >> 8 ^ kCrc32cTab[(h & 0xff) ^ p[i]];
-  }
-  return h ^ 0xffffffff;
-}
-
-/*
-  bench_crc32c_pure for #c per n where c ≈ 0.293ns
-  N                     x1            x8           x64	mBps
-  ------------------------------------------------------------
-  1               4305.000        91.375        44.203      74
-  1                 75.000        55.875        44.703      73
-  2                 46.500        35.188        24.617     132
-  3                 40.333        26.625        19.193     169
-  4                 32.250        19.969        16.215     200
-  7                 18.429        15.089        12.033     270
-  8                 20.625        13.547        11.607     280
-  15                15.667        10.775         9.589     339
-  16                17.562        10.695         9.419     345
-  31                12.226         8.891         8.317     391
-  32                13.219         8.480         8.078     402
-  63                 9.571         8.065         7.731     420
-  64                 9.672         7.955         7.633     426
-  127                8.433         7.548         7.329     443
-  128                8.492         7.528         7.352     442
-  255                7.557         7.366         7.239     449
-  256                7.699         7.342         7.305     445
-  511                7.376         7.243         7.223     450
-  512                7.408         7.233         7.225     450
-  1023               7.188         7.192         7.098     458
-  1024               7.171         7.194         7.097     458
-  2047               7.130         7.172         7.085     459
-  2048               7.117         7.170         7.169     453
-  4095               7.063         7.076         7.085     459
-  4096               7.078         7.161         7.081     459
-  8191               7.041         7.095         7.055     461
-  8192               7.051         7.098         7.087     459
-  16383              7.039         7.114         7.067     460
-  16384              6.876         6.931         7.133     456
-  32767              7.055         7.108         7.290     446
-  32768              6.868         6.887         6.974     466
-  65535              6.984         6.885         6.967     467
-  65536              6.877         6.924        10.994     296
-  131071             7.166         7.141         7.011     464
-  131072             6.853         6.971         7.694     422
-  262143             6.853         7.213         7.406     439
-  262144             6.852         6.968         7.290     446
-  524287             7.398         7.389         7.166     454
-  524288             6.851         7.094         7.159     454
-*/
diff --git a/libc/str/crc32c-sse42.c b/libc/str/crc32c-sse42.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 7cb706974..000000000
--- a/libc/str/crc32c-sse42.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/str/internal.h"
-
-/**
- * Hashes data with hardware acceleration at 10GBps.
- * @note needs Nehalem+ c. 2008 or Bulldozer+ c. 2011
- */
-optimizespeed uint32_t crc32c_sse42(uint32_t init, const void *data, size_t n) {
-  const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)data;
-  const unsigned char *pe = (const unsigned char *)data + n;
-  uint32_t h = init ^ 0xffffffff;
-  if (n >= 16 + 8) {
-    while ((uintptr_t)p & 7) asm("crc32b\t%1,%0" : "+r"(h) : "rm"(*p++));
-    uint64_t hl = h;
-    while (p < pe - 16ul) {
-      asm("crc32q\t%1,%0" : "+r"(hl) : "rm"(*(const uint64_t *)p));
-      p += 8;
-      asm("crc32q\t%1,%0" : "+r"(hl) : "rm"(*(const uint64_t *)p));
-      p += 8;
-    }
-    h = (uint32_t)hl;
-  }
-  while (p < pe) asm("crc32b\t%1,%0" : "+r"(h) : "rm"(*p++));
-  return h ^ 0xffffffff;
-}
-
-/*
-  bench_crc32c_sse42 for #c per n where c ≈ 0.293ns
-  N                     x1            x8           x64	  mBps
-  ------------------------------------------------------------
-  1                877.000        43.375        40.359      81
-  1                 45.000        39.625        40.484      80
-  2                 34.500        27.562        20.461     159
-  3                 23.000        16.708        14.245     228
-  4                 18.250        13.094        11.449     284
-  7                 10.429         8.339         8.185     397
-  8                 42.125         8.734         6.850     475
-  15                 9.400         5.375         4.884     665
-  16                 7.312         5.070         4.882     666
-  31                 5.258         2.923         2.680    1213
-  32                 3.969         2.676         2.562    1269
-  63                 3.095         1.581         1.428    2276
-  64                 2.234         1.623         1.478    2199
-  127                1.205         0.901         0.900    3610
-  128                1.164         0.960         0.915    3552
-  255                0.922         0.651         0.618    5260
-  256                0.715         0.650         0.609    5341
-  511                0.558         0.482         0.477    6819
-  512                0.529         0.475         0.469    6932
-  1023               0.425         0.400         0.396    8204
-  1024               0.417         0.392         0.388    8383
-  2047               0.367         0.355         0.353    9199
-  2048               0.374         0.366         0.364    8929
-  4095               0.351         0.338         0.337    9644
-  4096               0.353         0.338         0.338    9624
-  8191               0.335         0.338         0.337    9641
-  8192               0.335         0.329         0.329    9870
-  16383              0.336         0.325         0.325   10011
-  16384              0.336         0.326         0.375    8666
-  32767              0.329         0.323         0.323   10070
-  32768              0.327         0.324         0.323   10062
-  65535              0.322         0.322         0.322   10103
-  65536              0.321         0.322         0.322   10102
-  131071             0.322         0.321         0.321   10125
-  131072             0.321         0.321         0.321   10124
-  262143             0.322         0.321         0.335    9699
-  262144             0.321         0.321         0.321   10134
-  524287             0.321         0.321         0.499    6516
-  524288             0.321         0.321         0.339    9575
-  1048575            0.322         0.321         0.322   10095
-  1048576            0.320         1.001         0.323   10048
-  2097151            0.325         0.321         0.322   10086
-  2097152            0.330         0.320         0.323   10076
-  4194303            0.331         0.322         0.321   10128
-  4194304            0.332         0.321         0.325   10004
-  8388607            0.334         0.332         0.331    9829
-  8388608            0.334         0.329         0.327    9934
-*/
diff --git a/libc/str/crc32c.c b/libc/str/crc32c.c
index a02636733..b41b9340e 100644
--- a/libc/str/crc32c.c
+++ b/libc/str/crc32c.c
@@ -22,16 +22,29 @@
 /**
  * Computes 32-bit Castagnoli Cyclic Redundancy Check.
  *
- * @param h is the initial hash value (0 is fine)
- * @param p points to the data
- * @param n is the byte size of data
+ * @param init is the initial hash value
+ * @param data points to the data
+ * @param size is the byte size of data
  * @return eax is the new hash value
  * @note Used by ISCSI, TensorFlow, etc.
  */
-uint32_t crc32c(uint32_t h, const void *p, size_t n) {
+uint32_t crc32c(uint32_t init, const void *data, size_t size) {
+  uint64_t h;
+  const unsigned char *p, *pe;
+  p = data;
+  pe = p + size;
+  h = init ^ 0xffffffff;
   if (X86_HAVE(SSE4_2)) {
-    return crc32c_sse42(h, p, n);
+    for (; p + 8 <= pe; p += 8) {
+      asm("crc32q\t%1,%0" : "+r"(h) : "rm"(*(const uint64_t *)p));
+    }
+    while (p < pe) {
+      asm("crc32b\t%1,%0" : "+r"(h) : "rm"(*p++));
+    }
   } else {
-    return crc32c_pure(h, p, n);
+    while (p < pe) {
+      h = h >> 8 ^ kCrc32cTab[(h & 0xff) ^ *p++];
+    }
   }
+  return h ^ 0xffffffff;
 }
diff --git a/libc/str/stpcpy.c b/libc/str/stpcpy.c
index 0b5208189..1cf3915d4 100644
--- a/libc/str/stpcpy.c
+++ b/libc/str/stpcpy.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/pmovmskb.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 
-static noasan size_t stpcpy_sse2(char *d, const char *s, size_t i) {
+static inline noasan size_t stpcpy_sse2(char *d, const char *s, size_t i) {
   uint8_t v1[16], v2[16], vz[16];
   for (;;) {
     memset(vz, 0, 16);
diff --git a/net/http/categorizeip.c b/net/http/categorizeip.c
index b1c5bb1ad..71321b410 100644
--- a/net/http/categorizeip.c
+++ b/net/http/categorizeip.c
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@
  */
 int CategorizeIp(uint32_t x) {
   int a;
-  if (IsAnonymousIp(x)) return kIpAnonymous;
-  if (IsMulticastIp(x)) return kIpMulticast;
   if (IsLoopbackIp(x)) return kIpLoopback;
   if (IsPrivateIp(x)) return kIpPrivate;
-  if (IsTestnetIp(x)) return kIpTestnet;
+  if (IsMulticastIp(x)) return kIpMulticast;
+  if (IsAnonymousIp(x)) return kIpAnonymous; /* order matters */
+  if (IsTestnetIp(x)) return kIpTestnet;     /* order matters */
   if (IsAfrinicIp(x)) return kIpAfrinic;
   if (IsLacnicIp(x)) return kIpLacnic;
   if (IsApnicIp(x)) return kIpApnic;
diff --git a/net/http/gethttpheader.inc b/net/http/gethttpheader.inc
index 51ec473b7..df72e6e38 100644
--- a/net/http/gethttpheader.inc
+++ b/net/http/gethttpheader.inc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
 /* Command-line: gperf gethttpheader.gperf  */
 /* Computed positions: -k'3-4,10' */
+/* clang-format off */
 
 #if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
       && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ static unsigned char gperf_downcase[256] =
 
 #ifndef GPERF_CASE_STRNCMP
 #define GPERF_CASE_STRNCMP 1
-static int
+static inline int
 gperf_case_strncmp (register const char *s1, register const char *s2, register size_t n)
 {
   for (; n > 0;)
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
   return hval;
 }
 
-const struct thatispacked HttpHeaderSlot *
+static inline const struct thatispacked HttpHeaderSlot *
 LookupHttpHeader (register const char *str, register size_t len)
 {
   static const struct thatispacked HttpHeaderSlot wordlist[] =
diff --git a/net/http/gethttpmethod.inc b/net/http/gethttpmethod.inc
index 38d487254..8d45d2fd9 100644
--- a/net/http/gethttpmethod.inc
+++ b/net/http/gethttpmethod.inc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.1 */
 /* Command-line: gperf gethttpmethod.gperf  */
 /* Computed positions: -k'1-2' */
+/* clang-format off */
 
 #if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
       && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ static unsigned char gperf_downcase[256] =
 
 #ifndef GPERF_CASE_STRNCMP
 #define GPERF_CASE_STRNCMP 1
-static int
+static inline int
 gperf_case_strncmp (register const char *s1, register const char *s2, register size_t n)
 {
   for (; n > 0;)
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ hash (register const char *str, register size_t len)
   return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[1]] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]];
 }
 
-const struct HttpMethodSlot *
+static inline const struct HttpMethodSlot *
 LookupHttpMethod (register const char *str, register size_t len)
 {
   static const struct HttpMethodSlot wordlist[] =
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ LookupHttpMethod (register const char *str, register size_t len)
       {""},
 #line 27 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
       {"NOTIFY",      kHttpNotify},
-#line 20 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
+#line 19 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
       {"OPTIONS",     kHttpOptions},
       {""},
 #line 22 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ LookupHttpMethod (register const char *str, register size_t len)
       {"MERGE",       kHttpMerge},
 #line 29 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
       {"REPORT",      kHttpReport},
-#line 19 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
+#line 20 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
       {"CONNECT",     kHttpConnect},
       {""},
 #line 26 "gethttpmethod.gperf"
diff --git a/net/http/isacceptablehost.c b/net/http/isacceptablehost.c
index 70e9c9115..f9e2faa9a 100644
--- a/net/http/isacceptablehost.c
+++ b/net/http/isacceptablehost.c
@@ -19,6 +19,26 @@
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "net/http/http.h"
 
+// -_0-9A-Za-z
+static const char kHostChars[256] = {
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0x00
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0x10
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,  // 0x20
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0x30
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 0x40
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,  // 0x50
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  // 0x60
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0x70
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0x80
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0x90
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0xa0
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0xb0
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0xc0
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0xd0
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0xe0
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  // 0xf0
+};
+
 /**
  * Returns true if host seems legit.
  *
@@ -49,33 +69,35 @@
  */
 bool IsAcceptableHost(const char *s, size_t n) {
   size_t i;
-  bool isip;
   int c, b, j;
   if (n == -1) n = s ? strlen(s) : 0;
   if (!n) return true;
-  for (isip = true, b = j = i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+  for (b = j = i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
     c = s[i] & 255;
-    if (c == '.' && (!i || s[i - 1] == '.')) {
-      return false;
-    } else if (!(isalnum(c) || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '.')) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    if (isip) {
-      if (isdigit(c)) {
-        b *= 10;
-        b += c - '0';
-        if (b > 255) {
+    if (isdigit(c)) {
+      b *= 10;
+      b += c - '0';
+      if (b > 255) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    } else if (c == '.') {
+      if (!i || s[i - 1] == '.') return false;
+      b = 0;
+      ++j;
+    } else {
+      for (;;) {
+        if (!kHostChars[c] && (c != '.' || (!i || s[i - 1] == '.'))) {
           return false;
         }
-      } else if (c == '.') {
-        b = 0;
-        ++j;
-      } else {
-        isip = false;
+        if (++i < n) {
+          c = s[i] & 255;
+        } else {
+          return true;
+        }
       }
     }
   }
-  if (isip && j != 3) return false;
+  if (j != 3) return false;
   if (i && s[i - 1] == '.') return false;
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/net/http/ispublicip.c b/net/http/ispublicip.c
index 5869fc906..fa65167af 100644
--- a/net/http/ispublicip.c
+++ b/net/http/ispublicip.c
@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@
 
 /**
  * Returns true if IPv4 address can come from the Internet.
+ *
+ * We intentionally omit TEST-NET here which can be used to simulate
+ * public Internet traffic using non-Internet IPs.
  */
 bool IsPublicIp(uint32_t x) {
-  return !IsLoopbackIp(x) && !IsPrivateIp(x) && !IsTestnetIp(x);
+  return !IsLoopbackIp(x) && !IsPrivateIp(x);
 }
diff --git a/net/http/parsehttprequest.c b/net/http/parsehttprequest.c
index 06bc8d5e7..6fea1c1fb 100644
--- a/net/http/parsehttprequest.c
+++ b/net/http/parsehttprequest.c
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ void DestroyHttpRequest(struct HttpRequest *r) {
  * fragmented. If a message is valid but incomplete, this function will
  * return zero so that it can be resumed as soon as more data arrives.
  *
- * This parser takes about 500 nanoseconds to parse a 403 byte Chrome
+ * This parser takes about 400 nanoseconds to parse a 403 byte Chrome
  * HTTP request under MODE=rel on a Core i9 which is about three cycles
  * per byte or a gigabyte per second of throughput per core.
  *
diff --git a/test/libc/fmt/itoa64radix10_test.c b/test/libc/fmt/itoa64radix10_test.c
index 970e87ead..c9387aa0f 100644
--- a/test/libc/fmt/itoa64radix10_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/fmt/itoa64radix10_test.c
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ TEST(uint64toarray_radix10, test) {
   char buf[21];
   EXPECT_EQ(1, uint64toarray_radix10(0, buf));
   EXPECT_STREQ("0", buf);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, uint64toarray_radix10(1024, buf));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("1024", buf);
   EXPECT_EQ(20, uint64toarray_radix10(UINT64_MAX, buf));
   EXPECT_STREQ("18446744073709551615", buf);
   EXPECT_EQ(19, uint64toarray_radix10(INT64_MIN, buf));
diff --git a/test/libc/fmt/palandprintf_test.c b/test/libc/fmt/palandprintf_test.c
index f1b65ead9..a9b5750b5 100644
--- a/test/libc/fmt/palandprintf_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/fmt/palandprintf_test.c
@@ -38,8 +38,9 @@
 #include "libc/testlib/testlib.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
 
-static char buffer[128];
-#define Format(...) gc(xasprintf(__VA_ARGS__))
+char buffer[1000];
+/* #define Format(...) gc(xasprintf(__VA_ARGS__)) */
+#define Format(...) (snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), __VA_ARGS__), buffer)
 
 TEST(sprintf, test_space_flag) {
   EXPECT_STREQ(" 42", Format("% d", 42));
@@ -593,32 +594,14 @@ TEST(snprintf, testFixedWidthString_wontOverrunInput) {
 TEST(snprintf, testFixedWidthStringIsNull_wontOverrunBuffer) {
   int N = 3;
   char *buf = malloc(N + 1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(6, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"(nu ", buf);
-  EXPECT_EQ(6, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%#.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"(nu ", buf);
-  EXPECT_EQ(4, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%`.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"NUL ", buf);
-  EXPECT_EQ(4, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%`#.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"NUL ", buf);
-  free(buf);
-}
-
-TEST(snprintf, testFixedWidthStringIsNull_wontLeakMemory) {
-  int N = 16;
-  char *buf = malloc(N + 1);
-  memset(buf, 0, N + 1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(6, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"(null)           ", buf);
-  memset(buf, 0, N + 1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(6, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%#.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"(null)           ", buf);
-  memset(buf, 0, N + 1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(4, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%`.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"NULL             ", buf);
-  memset(buf, 0, N + 1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(4, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%`#.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
-  EXPECT_BINEQ(u"NULL             ", buf);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("(nu", buf);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%#.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("(nu", buf);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%`'.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("NUL", buf);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, snprintf(buf, N + 1, "%`#.*s", pushpop(N), pushpop(NULL)));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("NUL", buf);
   free(buf);
 }
 
@@ -640,7 +623,9 @@ TEST(palandprintf, precisionStillRespectsNulTerminatorIfNotEscOrRepr) {
 }
 
 BENCH(palandprintf, bench) {
+  EZBENCH2("ascii", donothing, Format(VEIL("r", "hiuhcreohucreo")));
   EZBENCH2("ascii %s", donothing, Format("%s", VEIL("r", "hiuhcreohucreo")));
+  EZBENCH2("ascii %`'s", donothing, Format("%`'s", VEIL("r", "hiuhcreohucre")));
   EZBENCH2("utf8 %s", donothing, Format("%s", VEIL("r", "hi (╯°□°)╯")));
   EZBENCH2("snprintf %hs", donothing, Format("%hs", VEIL("r", u"hi (╯°□°)╯")));
   EZBENCH2("snprintf %ls", donothing, Format("%ls", VEIL("r", L"hi (╯°□°)╯")));
@@ -648,6 +633,8 @@ BENCH(palandprintf, bench) {
   EZBENCH2("23 %d", donothing, Format("%d", VEIL("r", 23)));
   EZBENCH2("INT_MIN %x", donothing, Format("%x", VEIL("r", INT_MIN)));
   EZBENCH2("INT_MIN %d", donothing, Format("%d", VEIL("r", INT_MIN)));
+  EZBENCH2("LONG_MIN %x", donothing, Format("%lx", VEIL("r", LONG_MIN)));
+  EZBENCH2("LONG_MIN %d", donothing, Format("%ld", VEIL("r", LONG_MIN)));
   EZBENCH2("23 int64toarray", donothing, int64toarray_radix10(23, buffer));
   EZBENCH2("INT_MIN int64toarray", donothing,
            int64toarray_radix10(INT_MIN, buffer));
diff --git a/test/libc/str/crc32c_test.c b/test/libc/str/crc32c_test.c
index 6e98cb5d4..27984f7d9 100644
--- a/test/libc/str/crc32c_test.c
+++ b/test/libc/str/crc32c_test.c
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/testlib/ezbench.h"
+#include "libc/testlib/hyperion.h"
 #include "libc/testlib/testlib.h"
 
 #define FANATICS "Fanatics"
@@ -40,12 +42,6 @@ TEST(crc32c, test) {
                                strlen(hyperion) - strlen(FANATICS)));
 }
 
-TEST(crc32c_pure, test) {
-  EXPECT_EQ(0, crc32c_pure(0, "", 0));
-  EXPECT_EQ(crc32c_pure(0, "hello", 5), crc32c_pure(0, "hello", 5));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0xe3069283, crc32c_pure(0, "123456789", 9));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0x6d6eefba, crc32c_pure(0, hyperion, strlen(hyperion)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0x6d6eefba, crc32c_pure(crc32c_pure(0, FANATICS, strlen(FANATICS)),
-                                    hyperion + strlen(FANATICS),
-                                    strlen(hyperion) - strlen(FANATICS)));
+BENCH(crc32c, bench) {
+  EZBENCH2("crc32c", donothing, crc32c(0, kHyperion, kHyperionSize));
 }
diff --git a/test/net/http/isacceptablehost_test.c b/test/net/http/isacceptablehost_test.c
index 28cb2fad1..d212afd20 100644
--- a/test/net/http/isacceptablehost_test.c
+++ b/test/net/http/isacceptablehost_test.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ TEST(IsAcceptableHost, test) {
   EXPECT_FALSE(IsAcceptableHost("hello.example\300\200", -1));
   EXPECT_FALSE(IsAcceptableHost(".", -1));
   EXPECT_FALSE(IsAcceptableHost(".e", -1));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(IsAcceptableHost("e.", -1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsAcceptableHost("e.", -1));
   EXPECT_FALSE(IsAcceptableHost(".hi.example", -1));
   EXPECT_FALSE(IsAcceptableHost("hi..example", -1));
   EXPECT_TRUE(IsAcceptableHost("hi-there.example", -1));
@@ -126,4 +126,6 @@ BENCH(IsAcceptableHost, bench) {
   EZBENCH2("IsAcceptablePort 80", donothing, IsAcceptablePort("80", 2));
   EZBENCH2("ParseForwarded 80", donothing,
            ParseForwarded("203.0.113.42:31337", 20, &ip, &port));
+  EZBENCH2("IsAcceptableHost foo.example", donothing,
+           IsAcceptableHost("foo.example:31337", 17));
 }
diff --git a/tool/net/net.mk b/tool/net/net.mk
index 87e0e66c0..46a53a7e3 100644
--- a/tool/net/net.mk
+++ b/tool/net/net.mk
@@ -80,8 +80,12 @@ o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean.com:					\
 	@$(COMPILE) -ADD -T$@ dd if=$@ of=o/$(MODE)/tool/net/.ape bs=64 count=11 conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null
 	@$(COMPILE) -AZIP -T$@ zip -qj $@ o/$(MODE)/tool/net/.ape tool/net/.init.lua tool/net/.reload.lua tool/net/favicon.ico tool/net/redbean.png
 
+o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean-demo.com.dbg:			\
+		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean.com.dbg
+	@$(COMPILE) -ACP -T$@ cp $< $@
+
 o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean-demo.com:				\
-		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean.com.dbg		\
+		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean-demo.com.dbg		\
 		tool/net/net.mk					\
 		tool/net/.init.lua				\
 		tool/net/.reload.lua				\
@@ -114,16 +118,6 @@ o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean-static.com:				\
 	@$(COMPILE) -ADD -T$@ dd if=$@ of=o/$(MODE)/tool/net/.ape bs=64 count=11 conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null
 	@$(COMPILE) -AZIP -T$@ zip -qj $@ o/$(MODE)/tool/net/.ape tool/net/favicon.ico tool/net/redbean.png
 
-o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean-bench.com.dbg:			\
-		$(TOOL_NET_DEPS)				\
-		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean.o			\
-		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/index.html.zip.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean.lua.zip.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/net.pkg			\
-		$(CRT)						\
-		$(APE)
-	@$(APELINK)
-
 o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean-static.com.dbg:			\
 		$(TOOL_NET_DEPS)				\
 		o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean-static.o		\
diff --git a/tool/net/redbean.c b/tool/net/redbean.c
index 082d9c7ac..34dc1fa73 100644
--- a/tool/net/redbean.c
+++ b/tool/net/redbean.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/bsr.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/crc32.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/clktck.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
@@ -71,7 +72,11 @@
 #define HASH_LOAD_FACTOR /* 1. / */ 4
 #define DEFAULT_PORT     8080
 
+#define read(F, P, N)   readv(F, &(struct iovec){P, N}, 1)
+#define Hash(P, N)      max(1, crc32c(0, P, N));
 #define LockInc(P)      asm volatile("lock inc%z0\t%0" : "=m"(*(P)))
+#define AppendCrlf(P)   mempcpy(P, "\r\n", 2)
+#define HasHeader(H)    (!!msg.headers[H].a)
 #define HeaderData(H)   (inbuf.p + msg.headers[H].a)
 #define HeaderLength(H) (msg.headers[H].b - msg.headers[H].a)
 #define HeaderEqualCase(H, S) \
@@ -171,7 +176,7 @@ static const char kRegCode[][9] = {
 };
 
 struct Buffer {
-  size_t n;
+  size_t n, c;
   char *p;
 };
 
@@ -327,6 +332,7 @@ static bool istext;
 static bool zombied;
 static bool gzipped;
 static bool branded;
+static bool funtrace;
 static bool meltdown;
 static bool heartless;
 static bool printport;
@@ -385,6 +391,7 @@ static struct Buffer effectivepath;
 
 static struct Url url;
 static struct HttpRequest msg;
+static char slashpath[PATH_MAX];
 
 static long double startread;
 static long double lastrefresh;
@@ -399,7 +406,7 @@ static wontreturn void PrintUsage(FILE *f, int rc) {
   fprintf(f, "\
 SYNOPSIS\n\
 \n\
-  %s [-hvduzmba] [-p PORT] [-- SCRIPTARGS...]\n\
+  %s [-hvduzmbagf] [-p PORT] [-- SCRIPTARGS...]\n\
 \n\
 DESCRIPTION\n\
 \n\
@@ -415,8 +422,11 @@ FLAGS\n\
   -m        log messages\n\
   -b        log message body\n\
   -a        log resource usage\n\
-  -g        log handler latency\n\
-  -H K:V    sets http header globally [repeat]\n\
+  -g        log handler latency\n"
+#ifndef TINY
+"  -f        log worker function calls\n"
+#endif
+"  -H K:V    sets http header globally [repeat]\n\
   -D DIR    serve assets from local directory [repeat]\n\
   -t MS     tunes read and write timeouts [default 30000]\n\
   -c SEC    configures static asset cache-control headers\n\
@@ -545,8 +555,6 @@ USAGE\n\
   then puts the original back once the program loads. If you want\n\
   your redbean to follow the platform-local executable convention\n\
   then delete the /.ape file from zip.\n\
-\n\
-LEGAL\n\
 \n\
   redbean contains software licensed ISC, MIT, BSD-2, BSD-3, zlib\n\
   which makes it a permissively licensed gift to anyone who might\n\
@@ -664,38 +672,53 @@ static void UseOutput(void) {
   contentlength = outbuf.n;
   outbuf.p = 0;
   outbuf.n = 0;
+  outbuf.c = 0;
 }
 
 static void DropOutput(void) {
   free(outbuf.p);
   outbuf.p = 0;
   outbuf.n = 0;
+  outbuf.c = 0;
 }
 
 static void ClearOutput(void) {
   outbuf.n = 0;
 }
 
+static void Grow(size_t n) {
+  do {
+    if (outbuf.c) {
+      outbuf.c += outbuf.c >> 1;
+    } else {
+      outbuf.c = 16 * 1024;
+    }
+  } while (n > outbuf.c);
+  outbuf.p = xrealloc(outbuf.p, outbuf.c);
+}
+
 static void AppendData(const char *data, size_t size) {
-  outbuf.p = xrealloc(outbuf.p, outbuf.n + size);
+  size_t n;
+  n = outbuf.n + size;
+  if (n > outbuf.c) Grow(n);
   memcpy(outbuf.p + outbuf.n, data, size);
-  outbuf.n += size;
+  outbuf.n = n;
 }
 
-static void AppendString(const char *s) {
-  AppendData(s, strlen(s));
-}
-
-static void AppendFmt(const char *fmt, ...) {
+static void Append(const char *fmt, ...) {
   int n;
   char *p;
-  va_list va;
+  va_list va, vb;
   va_start(va, fmt);
-  n = vasprintf(&p, fmt, va);
+  va_copy(vb, va);
+  n = vsnprintf(outbuf.p + outbuf.n, outbuf.c - outbuf.n, fmt, va);
+  if (n >= outbuf.c - outbuf.n) {
+    Grow(outbuf.n + n + 1);
+    vsnprintf(outbuf.p + outbuf.n, outbuf.c - outbuf.n, fmt, vb);
+  }
+  va_end(vb);
   va_end(va);
-  CHECK_NE(-1, n);
-  AppendData(p, n);
-  free(p);
+  outbuf.n += n;
 }
 
 static char *MergePaths(const char *p, size_t n, const char *q, size_t m,
@@ -833,10 +856,6 @@ static void DescribeAddress(char buf[32], uint32_t addr, uint16_t port) {
   *p++ = '\0';
 }
 
-static bool HasHeader(int h) {
-  return !!msg.headers[h].a;
-}
-
 static void GetServerAddr(uint32_t *ip, uint16_t *port) {
   *ip = ntohl(serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr);
   if (port) *port = ntohs(serveraddr.sin_port);
@@ -975,7 +994,7 @@ static void ProgramHeader(const char *s) {
 
 static void GetOpts(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   int opt;
-  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "azhdugvmbl:p:r:R:H:c:L:P:U:G:B:D:t:")) !=
+  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "azhdugvmbfl:p:r:R:H:c:L:P:U:G:B:D:t:")) !=
          -1) {
     switch (opt) {
       case 'v':
@@ -1002,6 +1021,9 @@ static void GetOpts(int argc, char *argv[]) {
       case 'z':
         printport = true;
         break;
+      case 'f':
+        funtrace = true;
+        break;
       case 'k':
         encouragekeepalive = true;
         break;
@@ -1097,53 +1119,53 @@ static void AppendResourceReport(struct rusage *ru, const char *nl) {
   long utime, stime;
   long double ticks;
   if (ru->ru_maxrss) {
-    AppendFmt("ballooned to %,ldkb in size%s", ru->ru_maxrss, nl);
+    Append("ballooned to %,ldkb in size%s", ru->ru_maxrss, nl);
   }
   if ((utime = ru->ru_utime.tv_sec * 1000000 + ru->ru_utime.tv_usec) |
       (stime = ru->ru_stime.tv_sec * 1000000 + ru->ru_stime.tv_usec)) {
     ticks = ceill((long double)(utime + stime) / (1000000.L / CLK_TCK));
-    AppendFmt("needed %,ldµs cpu (%d%% kernel)%s", utime + stime,
-              (int)((long double)stime / (utime + stime) * 100), nl);
+    Append("needed %,ldµs cpu (%d%% kernel)%s", utime + stime,
+           (int)((long double)stime / (utime + stime) * 100), nl);
     if (ru->ru_idrss) {
-      AppendFmt("needed %,ldkb memory on average%s",
-                lroundl(ru->ru_idrss / ticks), nl);
+      Append("needed %,ldkb memory on average%s", lroundl(ru->ru_idrss / ticks),
+             nl);
     }
     if (ru->ru_isrss) {
-      AppendFmt("needed %,ldkb stack on average%s",
-                lroundl(ru->ru_isrss / ticks), nl);
+      Append("needed %,ldkb stack on average%s", lroundl(ru->ru_isrss / ticks),
+             nl);
     }
     if (ru->ru_ixrss) {
-      AppendFmt("mapped %,ldkb shared on average%s",
-                lroundl(ru->ru_ixrss / ticks), nl);
+      Append("mapped %,ldkb shared on average%s", lroundl(ru->ru_ixrss / ticks),
+             nl);
     }
   }
   if (ru->ru_minflt || ru->ru_majflt) {
-    AppendFmt("caused %,ld page faults (%d%% memcpy)%s",
-              ru->ru_minflt + ru->ru_majflt,
-              (int)((long double)ru->ru_minflt /
-                    (ru->ru_minflt + ru->ru_majflt) * 100),
-              nl);
+    Append("caused %,ld page faults (%d%% memcpy)%s",
+           ru->ru_minflt + ru->ru_majflt,
+           (int)((long double)ru->ru_minflt / (ru->ru_minflt + ru->ru_majflt) *
+                 100),
+           nl);
   }
   if (ru->ru_nvcsw + ru->ru_nivcsw > 1) {
-    AppendFmt(
+    Append(
         "%,ld context switches (%d%% consensual)%s",
         ru->ru_nvcsw + ru->ru_nivcsw,
         (int)((long double)ru->ru_nvcsw / (ru->ru_nvcsw + ru->ru_nivcsw) * 100),
         nl);
   }
   if (ru->ru_inblock || ru->ru_oublock) {
-    AppendFmt("performed %,ld read and %,ld write i/o operations%s",
-              ru->ru_inblock, ru->ru_oublock, nl);
+    Append("performed %,ld read and %,ld write i/o operations%s",
+           ru->ru_inblock, ru->ru_oublock, nl);
   }
   if (ru->ru_msgrcv || ru->ru_msgsnd) {
-    AppendFmt("received %,ld message and sent %,ld%s", ru->ru_msgrcv,
-              ru->ru_msgsnd, nl);
+    Append("received %,ld message and sent %,ld%s", ru->ru_msgrcv,
+           ru->ru_msgsnd, nl);
   }
   if (ru->ru_nsignals) {
-    AppendFmt("received %,ld signals%s", ru->ru_nsignals, nl);
+    Append("received %,ld signals%s", ru->ru_nsignals, nl);
   }
   if (ru->ru_nswap) {
-    AppendFmt("got swapped %,ld times%s", ru->ru_nswap, nl);
+    Append("got swapped %,ld times%s", ru->ru_nswap, nl);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1237,7 +1259,7 @@ static void ReapZombies(void) {
   } while (!terminated);
 }
 
-static ssize_t WritevAll(int fd, struct iovec *iov, int iovlen) {
+static inline ssize_t WritevAll(int fd, struct iovec *iov, int iovlen) {
   ssize_t rc;
   size_t wrote;
   do {
@@ -1266,13 +1288,6 @@ static ssize_t WritevAll(int fd, struct iovec *iov, int iovlen) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-static uint32_t Hash(const void *data, size_t size) {
-  uint32_t h;
-  h = crc32c(0, data, size);
-  if (!h) h = 1;
-  return h;
-}
-
 static bool ClientAcceptsGzip(void) {
   return msg.version >= 10 && /* RFC1945 § 3.5 */
          HeaderHas(&msg, inbuf.p, kHttpAcceptEncoding, "gzip", 4);
@@ -1453,23 +1468,16 @@ static struct Asset *GetAsset(const char *path, size_t pathlen) {
   struct Asset *a;
   if (!(a = GetAssetFile(path, pathlen))) {
     if (!(a = GetAssetZip(path, pathlen))) {
-      if (pathlen > 1 && path[pathlen - 1] != '/') {
-        path2 = xmalloc(pathlen + 1);
-        memcpy(mempcpy(path2, path, pathlen), "/", 1);
-        a = GetAssetZip(path2, pathlen + 1);
-        free(path2);
+      if (pathlen > 1 && path[pathlen - 1] != '/' &&
+          pathlen + 1 <= sizeof(slashpath)) {
+        memcpy(mempcpy(slashpath, path, pathlen), "/", 1);
+        a = GetAssetZip(slashpath, pathlen + 1);
       }
     }
   }
   return a;
 }
 
-static char *AppendCrlf(char *p) {
-  p[0] = '\r';
-  p[1] = '\n';
-  return p + 2;
-}
-
 static bool MustNotIncludeMessageBody(void) { /* RFC2616 § 4.4 */
   return msg.method == kHttpHead || (100 <= statuscode && statuscode <= 199) ||
          statuscode == 204 || statuscode == 304;
@@ -1523,19 +1531,9 @@ static char *AppendCache(char *p, int64_t seconds) {
   return AppendExpires(p, (int64_t)shared->nowish + seconds);
 }
 
-static bool IsPublic(void) {
-  uint32_t ip;
-  GetRemoteAddr(&ip, 0);
-  return IsPublicIp(ip);
-}
-
 static char *AppendServer(char *p, const char *s) {
   p = stpcpy(p, "Server: ");
-  if (IsPublic()) {
-    p = mempcpy(p, s, strchrnul(s, '/') - s);
-  } else {
-    p = stpcpy(p, s);
-  }
+  p = stpcpy(p, s);
   return AppendCrlf(p);
 }
 
@@ -1658,15 +1656,15 @@ static void AppendLogo(void) {
   struct Asset *a;
   if ((a = GetAsset("/redbean.png", 12)) && (p = LoadAsset(a, &n))) {
     q = EncodeBase64(p, n, &n);
-    AppendString("<img src=\"data:image/png;base64,");
+    Append("<img src=\"data:image/png;base64,");
     AppendData(q, n);
-    AppendString("\">\r\n");
+    Append("\">\r\n");
     free(q);
     free(p);
   }
 }
 
-static ssize_t Send(struct iovec *iov, int iovlen) {
+static inline ssize_t Send(struct iovec *iov, int iovlen) {
   ssize_t rc;
   if ((rc = WritevAll(client, iov, iovlen)) == -1) {
     if (errno == ECONNRESET) {
@@ -1711,11 +1709,11 @@ static char *CommitOutput(char *p) {
 static char *ServeDefaultErrorPage(char *p, unsigned code, const char *reason) {
   p = AppendContentType(p, "text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1");
   reason = FreeLater(EscapeHtml(reason, -1, 0));
-  AppendString("\
+  Append("\
 <!doctype html>\r\n\
 <title>");
-  AppendFmt("%d %s", code, reason);
-  AppendString("\
+  Append("%d %s", code, reason);
+  Append("\
 </title>\r\n\
 <style>\r\n\
 html { color: #111; font-family: sans-serif; }\r\n\
@@ -1723,8 +1721,8 @@ img { vertical-align: middle; }\r\n\
 </style>\r\n\
 <h1>\r\n");
   AppendLogo();
-  AppendFmt("%d %s\r\n", code, reason);
-  AppendString("</h1>\r\n");
+  Append("%d %s\r\n", code, reason);
+  Append("</h1>\r\n");
   UseOutput();
   return p;
 }
@@ -1734,7 +1732,7 @@ static char *ServeErrorImpl(unsigned code, const char *reason) {
   char *p, *s;
   struct Asset *a;
   LockInc(&shared->errors);
-  DropOutput();
+  ClearOutput();
   p = SetStatus(code, reason);
   s = xasprintf("/%d.html", code);
   a = GetAsset(s, strlen(s));
@@ -1877,7 +1875,15 @@ static char *ServeAsset(struct Asset *a, const char *path, size_t pathlen) {
       } else {
         LockInc(&shared->openfails);
         WARNF("open(%`'s) failed %s", a->file->path, strerror(errno));
-        return ServeError(500, "Internal Server Error");
+        if (errno == ENFILE) {
+          LockInc(&shared->enfiles);
+          return ServeError(503, "Service Unavailable");
+        } else if (errno == EMFILE) {
+          LockInc(&shared->emfiles);
+          return ServeError(503, "Service Unavailable");
+        } else {
+          return ServeError(500, "Internal Server Error");
+        }
       }
     } else {
       content = "";
@@ -3320,30 +3326,27 @@ static char *HandleRedirect(struct Redirect *r) {
 static void LogMessage(const char *d, const char *s, size_t n) {
   size_t n2, n3;
   char *s2, *s3;
-  if (logmessages) {
-    while (n && (s[n - 1] == '\r' || s[n - 1] == '\n')) --n;
-    if ((s2 = DecodeLatin1(s, n, &n2))) {
-      if ((s3 = IndentLines(s2, n2, &n3, 1))) {
-        LOGF("%s %,ld byte message\n%.*s", d, n, n3, s3);
-        free(s3);
-      }
-      free(s2);
+  while (n && (s[n - 1] == '\r' || s[n - 1] == '\n')) --n;
+  if ((s2 = DecodeLatin1(s, n, &n2))) {
+    if ((s3 = IndentLines(s2, n2, &n3, 1))) {
+      LOGF("%s %,ld byte message\n%.*s", d, n, n3, s3);
+      free(s3);
     }
+    free(s2);
   }
 }
 
 static void LogBody(const char *d, const char *s, size_t n) {
   char *s2, *s3;
   size_t n2, n3;
-  if (n && logbodies) {
-    while (n && (s[n - 1] == '\r' || s[n - 1] == '\n')) --n;
-    if ((s2 = VisualizeControlCodes(s, n, &n2))) {
-      if ((s3 = IndentLines(s2, n2, &n3, 1))) {
-        LOGF("%s %,ld byte payload\n%.*s", d, n, n3, s3);
-        free(s3);
-      }
-      free(s2);
+  if (!n) return;
+  while (n && (s[n - 1] == '\r' || s[n - 1] == '\n')) --n;
+  if ((s2 = VisualizeControlCodes(s, n, &n2))) {
+    if ((s3 = IndentLines(s2, n2, &n3, 1))) {
+      LOGF("%s %,ld byte payload\n%.*s", d, n, n3, s3);
+      free(s3);
     }
+    free(s2);
   }
 }
 
@@ -3351,7 +3354,7 @@ static ssize_t SendString(const char *s) {
   size_t n;
   ssize_t rc;
   n = strlen(s);
-  LogMessage("sending", s, n);
+  if (logmessages) LogMessage("sending", s, n);
   for (;;) {
     if ((rc = write(client, s, n)) != -1 || errno != EINTR) {
       return rc;
@@ -3522,11 +3525,11 @@ static const char *MergeNames(const char *a, const char *b) {
 }
 
 static void AppendLong1(const char *a, long x) {
-  if (x) AppendFmt("%s: %ld\r\n", a, x);
+  if (x) Append("%s: %ld\r\n", a, x);
 }
 
 static void AppendLong2(const char *a, const char *b, long x) {
-  if (x) AppendFmt("%s.%s: %ld\r\n", a, b, x);
+  if (x) Append("%s.%s: %ld\r\n", a, b, x);
 }
 
 static void AppendTimeval(const char *a, struct timeval *tv) {
@@ -3681,7 +3684,7 @@ char *ServeListing(void) {
   char rb[8], tb[64], *rp[6];
   size_t i, n, pathlen, rn[6];
   if (msg.method != kHttpGet && msg.method != kHttpHead) return BadMethod();
-  AppendString("\
+  Append("\
 <!doctype html>\r\n\
 <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\r\n\
 <title>redbean zip listing</title>\r\n\
@@ -3698,7 +3701,7 @@ td { padding-right: 3em; }\r\n\
   rp[0] = EscapeHtml(brand, -1, &rn[0]);
   AppendData(rp[0], rn[0]);
   free(rp[0]);
-  AppendString("</h1><hr></header><pre>\r\n");
+  Append("</h1><hr></header><pre>\r\n");
   memset(w, 0, sizeof(w));
   n = GetZipCdirRecords(cdir);
   for (cf = GetZipCdirOffset(cdir); n--; cf += ZIP_CFILE_HDRSIZE(zmap + cf)) {
@@ -3733,15 +3736,15 @@ td { padding-right: 3em; }\r\n\
       if (IsCompressionMethodSupported(
               ZIP_LFILE_COMPRESSIONMETHOD(zmap + lf)) &&
           IsAcceptablePath(path, pathlen)) {
-        AppendFmt("<a href=\"%.*s\">%-*.*s</a> %s  %0*o %4s  %,*ld  %'s\r\n",
-                  rn[2], rp[2], w[0], rn[4], rp[4], tb, w[1],
-                  GetZipCfileMode(zmap + cf), DescribeCompressionRatio(rb, lf),
-                  w[2], GetZipLfileUncompressedSize(zmap + lf), rp[5]);
+        Append("<a href=\"%.*s\">%-*.*s</a> %s  %0*o %4s  %,*ld  %'s\r\n",
+               rn[2], rp[2], w[0], rn[4], rp[4], tb, w[1],
+               GetZipCfileMode(zmap + cf), DescribeCompressionRatio(rb, lf),
+               w[2], GetZipLfileUncompressedSize(zmap + lf), rp[5]);
       } else {
-        AppendFmt("%-*.*s %s  %0*o %4s  %,*ld  %'s\r\n", w[0], rn[4], rp[4], tb,
-                  w[1], GetZipCfileMode(zmap + cf),
-                  DescribeCompressionRatio(rb, lf), w[2],
-                  GetZipLfileUncompressedSize(zmap + lf), rp[5]);
+        Append("%-*.*s %s  %0*o %4s  %,*ld  %'s\r\n", w[0], rn[4], rp[4], tb,
+               w[1], GetZipCfileMode(zmap + cf),
+               DescribeCompressionRatio(rb, lf), w[2],
+               GetZipLfileUncompressedSize(zmap + lf), rp[5]);
       }
       free(rp[5]);
       free(rp[4]);
@@ -3752,38 +3755,38 @@ td { padding-right: 3em; }\r\n\
     }
     free(path);
   }
-  AppendString("</pre><footer><hr>\r\n");
-  AppendString("<table border=\"0\"><tr><td valign=\"top\">\r\n");
-  AppendString("<a href=\"/statusz\">/statusz</a> says your redbean<br>\r\n");
+  Append("</pre><footer><hr>\r\n");
+  Append("<table border=\"0\"><tr><td valign=\"top\">\r\n");
+  Append("<a href=\"/statusz\">/statusz</a> says your redbean<br>\r\n");
   AppendResourceReport(&shared->children, "<br>\r\n");
-  AppendString("<td valign=\"top\">\r\n");
+  Append("<td valign=\"top\">\r\n");
   and = "";
   x = nowl() - startserver;
   y = ldiv(x, 24L * 60 * 60);
   if (y.quot) {
-    AppendFmt("%,ld day%s ", y.quot, y.quot == 1 ? "" : "s");
+    Append("%,ld day%s ", y.quot, y.quot == 1 ? "" : "s");
     and = "and ";
   }
   y = ldiv(y.rem, 60 * 60);
   if (y.quot) {
-    AppendFmt("%,ld hour%s ", y.quot, y.quot == 1 ? "" : "s");
+    Append("%,ld hour%s ", y.quot, y.quot == 1 ? "" : "s");
     and = "and ";
   }
   y = ldiv(y.rem, 60);
   if (y.quot) {
-    AppendFmt("%,ld minute%s ", y.quot, y.quot == 1 ? "" : "s");
+    Append("%,ld minute%s ", y.quot, y.quot == 1 ? "" : "s");
     and = "and ";
   }
-  AppendFmt("%s%,ld second%s of operation<br>\r\n", and, y.rem,
-            y.rem == 1 ? "" : "s");
+  Append("%s%,ld second%s of operation<br>\r\n", and, y.rem,
+         y.rem == 1 ? "" : "s");
   x = shared->messageshandled;
-  AppendFmt("%,ld message%s handled<br>\r\n", x, x == 1 ? "" : "s");
+  Append("%,ld message%s handled<br>\r\n", x, x == 1 ? "" : "s");
   x = shared->connectionshandled;
-  AppendFmt("%,ld connection%s handled<br>\r\n", x, x == 1 ? "" : "s");
+  Append("%,ld connection%s handled<br>\r\n", x, x == 1 ? "" : "s");
   x = shared->workers;
-  AppendFmt("%,ld connection%s active<br>\r\n", x, x == 1 ? "" : "s");
-  AppendString("</table>\r\n");
-  AppendString("</footer>\r\n");
+  Append("%,ld connection%s active<br>\r\n", x, x == 1 ? "" : "s");
+  Append("</table>\r\n");
+  Append("</footer>\r\n");
   p = SetStatus(200, "OK");
   p = AppendContentType(p, "text/html");
   p = AppendCache(p, 0);
@@ -4014,7 +4017,7 @@ static char *HandleRequest(void) {
     return ServeFailure(505, "HTTP Version Not Supported");
   }
   if ((p = SynchronizeStream())) return p;
-  LogBody("received", inbuf.p + hdrsize, msgsize - hdrsize);
+  if (logbodies) LogBody("received", inbuf.p + hdrsize, msgsize - hdrsize);
   if (msg.version < 11 || HeaderEqualCase(kHttpConnection, "close")) {
     connectionclose = true;
   }
@@ -4072,10 +4075,11 @@ static bool HandleMessage(void) {
   char *p, *s;
   struct iovec iov[4];
   long actualcontentlength;
+  g_syscount = 0;
   if ((rc = ParseHttpRequest(&msg, inbuf.p, amtread)) != -1) {
     if (!rc) return false;
     hdrsize = rc;
-    LogMessage("received", inbuf.p, hdrsize);
+    if (logmessages) LogMessage("received", inbuf.p, hdrsize);
     RecordNetworkOrigin();
     p = HandleRequest();
   } else {
@@ -4091,12 +4095,12 @@ static bool HandleMessage(void) {
     LockInc(&shared->synchronizationfailures);
     DEBUGF("could not synchronize message stream");
   }
-  if (connectionclose) {
+  if (0 && connectionclose) {
     LockInc(&shared->shutdowns);
     shutdown(client, SHUT_RD);
   }
   if (msg.version >= 10) {
-    p = AppendHeader(p, "Date", shared->currentdate);
+    p = AppendCrlf(stpcpy(stpcpy(p, "Date: "), shared->currentdate));
     if (!branded) p = AppendServer(p, serverheader);
     if (extrahdrs) p = stpcpy(p, extrahdrs);
     if (connectionclose) {
@@ -4112,7 +4116,7 @@ static bool HandleMessage(void) {
     p = AppendContentLength(p, actualcontentlength);
     p = AppendCrlf(p);
     CHECK_LE(p - hdrbuf.p, hdrbuf.n);
-    LogMessage("sending", hdrbuf.p, p - hdrbuf.p);
+    if (logmessages) LogMessage("sending", hdrbuf.p, p - hdrbuf.p);
     iov[0].iov_base = hdrbuf.p;
     iov[0].iov_len = p - hdrbuf.p;
     iovlen = 1;
@@ -4137,7 +4141,7 @@ static bool HandleMessage(void) {
     iovlen = 1;
   }
   if (loglatency || LOGGABLE(kLogDebug)) {
-    flogf(kLogDebug, __FILE__, __LINE__, NULL, "%`'.*s handled in %,ldµs",
+    flogf(kLogDebug, __FILE__, __LINE__, NULL, "%`'.*s latency %,ldµs",
           msg.uri.b - msg.uri.a, inbuf.p + msg.uri.a,
           (long)((nowl() - startrequest) * 1e6L));
   }
@@ -4150,6 +4154,7 @@ static bool HandleMessage(void) {
 static void InitRequest(void) {
   frags = 0;
   msgsize = 0;
+  outbuf.n = 0;
   content = NULL;
   gzipped = false;
   branded = false;
@@ -4272,10 +4277,13 @@ static void HandleConnection(void) {
         case 0:
           meltdown = false;
           connectionclose = false;
+          if (funtrace && !IsTiny()) {
+            ftrace_install();
+          }
           break;
         case -1:
           FATALF("%s too many processes %s", DescribeServer(), strerror(errno));
-          LockInc(&shared->forkerrors);
+          ++shared->forkerrors;
           LockInc(&shared->dropped);
           EnterMeltdownMode();
           SendServiceUnavailable();
@@ -4292,8 +4300,7 @@ static void HandleConnection(void) {
     HandleMessages();
     DEBUGF("%s closing after %,ldµs", DescribeClient(),
            (long)((nowl() - startconnection) * 1e6L));
-    if (close(client) != -1) {
-    } else {
+    if (close(client) == -1) {
       LockInc(&shared->closeerrors);
       WARNF("%s close failed", DescribeClient());
     }
@@ -4303,7 +4310,7 @@ static void HandleConnection(void) {
       CollectGarbage();
     }
   } else if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN) {
-    LockInc(&shared->acceptinterrupts);
+    ++shared->acceptinterrupts;
   } else if (errno == ENFILE) {
     LockInc(&shared->enfiles);
     WARNF("%s too many open files", DescribeServer());
@@ -4321,19 +4328,19 @@ static void HandleConnection(void) {
     WARNF("%s ran out of buffer");
     EnterMeltdownMode();
   } else if (errno == ENONET) {
-    LockInc(&shared->enonets);
+    ++shared->enonets;
     WARNF("%s network gone", DescribeServer());
     sleep(1);
   } else if (errno == ENETDOWN) {
-    LockInc(&shared->enetdowns);
+    ++shared->enetdowns;
     WARNF("%s network down", DescribeServer());
     sleep(1);
   } else if (errno == ECONNABORTED) {
-    LockInc(&shared->acceptresets);
+    ++shared->acceptresets;
     WARNF("%s connection reset before accept");
   } else if (errno == ENETUNREACH || errno == EHOSTUNREACH ||
              errno == EOPNOTSUPP || errno == ENOPROTOOPT || errno == EPROTO) {
-    LockInc(&shared->accepterrors);
+    ++shared->accepterrors;
     WARNF("%s ephemeral accept error %s", DescribeServer(), strerror(errno));
   } else {
     FATALF("%s accept error %s", DescribeServer(), strerror(errno));
@@ -4408,8 +4415,8 @@ void RedBean(int argc, char *argv[], const char *prog) {
   if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &kHeartbeat, NULL) == -1) {
     heartless = true;
   }
-  CHECK_NE(-1,
-           (server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, IPPROTO_TCP)));
+  server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, IPPROTO_TCP);
+  CHECK_NE(-1, server);
   TuneSockets();
   if (bind(server, &serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr)) == -1) {
     if (errno == EADDRINUSE) {
@@ -4473,7 +4480,7 @@ void RedBean(int argc, char *argv[], const char *prog) {
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   setenv("GDB", "", true);
-  showcrashreports();
+  if (!IsTiny()) showcrashreports();
   RedBean(argc, argv, (const char *)getauxval(AT_EXECFN));
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/tool/net/redbean.lua b/tool/net/redbean.lua
index 95eaac082..41727d0eb 100644
--- a/tool/net/redbean.lua
+++ b/tool/net/redbean.lua
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ local function main()
    pat = re.compile([[([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})]])
    m,a,b,c,d = pat:search(s)  -- m and rest are nil if match not found
    Write('<pre>\r\n')
-   Write([[pat = re.compile('([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})', re.EXTENDED)]])
+   Write([[pat = re.compile('([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})')]])
    Write(string.format('\r\nm,a,b,c,d = pat:search(%q)\r\n', s))
    Write('</pre>\r\n')
    Write('<dl>\r\n')