Improve cosmo's conformance to libc-test

This change addresses various open source compatibility issues, so that
we pass 313/411 of the tests in https://github.com/jart/libc-test where
earlier today we were passing about 30/411 of them, due to header toil.
Please note that Glibc only passes 341/411 so 313 today is pretty good!

- Make the conformance of libc/isystem/ headers nearly perfect
- Import more of the remaining math library routines from Musl
- Fix inconsistencies with type signatures of calls like umask
- Write tests for getpriority/setpriority which work great now
- conform to `struct sockaddr *` on remaining socket functions
- Import a bunch of uninteresting stdlib functions e.g. rand48
- Introduce readdir_r, scandir, pthread_kill, sigsetjmp, etc..

Follow the instructions in our `tool/scripts/cosmocc` toolchain to run
these tests yourself. You use `make CC=cosmocc` on the test repository

libc/calls/faccessat.c

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
  * @note on Linux `flags` is only supported on Linux 5.8+
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  */
-int faccessat(int dirfd, const char *path, int amode, uint32_t flags) {
+int faccessat(int dirfd, const char *path, int amode, int flags) {
   int e, rc;
   struct ZiposUri zipname;
   if (!path || (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid(path, 1))) {