.clang-format

@@ -6,11 +6,8 @@ AlignConsecutiveMacros: true
 AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: false
 AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: false
 AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: false
-AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
-AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
 KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: true
 ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: true
-IncludeBlocks: Merge
 ---
 Language: Cpp
 AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: false

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-# Run this command to always ignore formatting commits in git blame
-# git config blame.ignoreRevsFile .git-blame-ignore-revs
-
-# Upgraded clang-format to 19.0.0git
-89fc95fefd40413706ff1bdaac2e8d98b328dbf1
-# vim c++ filetype in modelines
-04c6bc478e082263d67c41bedbd033dde2d429eb
-# Ran clang-format
-f032b5570b4cd87c6bb4abb54c0b98e69c939955
-# Applied clang-format update to repo
-6e6fc38935054db0534d5af4fb99c6193305b946
-# revert retabbing
-2b315626f3af765cdfbc61114647412cdb798b3a
-# more modeline errata
-3a8e01a77a7c97af0b16fb1651b230cee7f7d4c6
-# fix more vi modelines
-2fc507c98f53a76718f61f9a36602f86b5ac0cc9
-# flip et/noet in modelines
-e16a7d8f3b8f906c3ef76e79f57f3adfc7f25186
-# fix vi modelines
-394d998315f613a888cc6b6c051d4163bdf5cd6f
-# clang-format
-c0eacf2eb1e1c0b3bd4f71f12fef258f5b249c3f
-# ape-m1 formatting cleanup
-da8baf2aa5ce93b958aca90a0ae69f537806324b
-# Run clang-format on most sources
-369f9740de4534c28d0e81ab2afc99decbb9a3e6
-# Get rid of .internal.h convention in LIBC_INTRIN
-86d884cce24d773e298a2714c1e3d91ecab9be45
-# Remove .internal from more header filenames
-31194165d2afca36c2315a6e7ca2f0797dde09e3

.gitattributes

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-# -*- conf -*-
-*.gz                         binary
-*.so                         binary
-*.dll                        binary
-*.dylib                      binary
-/build/bootstrap/*           binary
-/usr/share/terminfo/*        binary
-/usr/share/terminfo/*/*      binary
-/usr/share/zoneinfo/*        binary
-/usr/share/zoneinfo/*/*      binary

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# These are supported funding model platforms
-
-github: [jart]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/01-bug-low.yml

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-name: Low Severity Bugs
-description: Used to report low severity bugs in cosmopolitan (e.g. cosmetic issues, non critical UI glitches)
-title: "Bug: "
-labels: ["bug", "low severity"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Thanks for taking the time to fill out this bug report! 
-        Please include information about your system, the steps to reproduce the bug, 
-        and the version of cosmopolitan that you are using. 
-        If possible, please provide a minimal code example that reproduces the bug.
-        You may also consider using function call tracing `--ftrace` or the lighter system call tracing `--strace`
-        for additional technical logging that may allow us to narrow down where the fault occurred.
-  - type: input
-    id: contact
-    attributes:
-      label: Contact Details
-      description: How can we get in touch with you if we need more info?
-      placeholder: ex. email@example.com
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: what-happened
-    attributes:
-      label: What happened?
-      description: Also tell us, what did you expect to happen?
-      placeholder: Tell us what you see!
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    id: version
-    attributes:
-      label: Version
-      description: What version of our software are you running? (use `--version` to get a version string)
-      placeholder: "cosmocc (GCC) 12.3.0"
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: operating-system
-    attributes:
-      label: What operating system are you seeing the problem on?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - Linux
-        - Mac
-        - Windows
-        - FreeBSD
-        - OpenBSD
-        - NetBSD
-        - BIOS
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: logs
-    attributes:
-      label: Relevant log output
-      description: Please copy and paste any relevant log output. This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
-      render: shell

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/02-bug-medium.yml

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-name: Medium Severity Bug
-description: Used to report medium severity bugs in cosmopolitan (e.g. Malfunctioning Features but generally still useable)
-title: "Bug: "
-labels: ["bug", "medium severity"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Thanks for taking the time to fill out this bug report! 
-        Please include information about your system, the steps to reproduce the bug, 
-        and the version of cosmopolitan that you are using. 
-        If possible, please provide a minimal code example that reproduces the bug.
-        You may also consider using function call tracing `--ftrace` or the lighter system call tracing `--strace`
-        for additional technical logging that may allow us to narrow down where the fault occurred.
-  - type: input
-    id: contact
-    attributes:
-      label: Contact Details
-      description: How can we get in touch with you if we need more info?
-      placeholder: ex. email@example.com
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: what-happened
-    attributes:
-      label: What happened?
-      description: Also tell us, what did you expect to happen?
-      placeholder: Tell us what you see!
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    id: version
-    attributes:
-      label: Version
-      description: What version of our software are you running? (use `--version` to get a version string)
-      placeholder: "cosmocc (GCC) 12.3.0"
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: operating-system
-    attributes:
-      label: What operating system are you seeing the problem on?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - Linux
-        - Mac
-        - Windows
-        - FreeBSD
-        - OpenBSD
-        - NetBSD
-        - BIOS
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: logs
-    attributes:
-      label: Relevant log output
-      description: Please copy and paste any relevant log output. This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
-      render: shell

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/03-bug-high.yml

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-name: High Severity Bug
-description: Used to report high severity bugs in cosmopolitan (e.g. Malfunctioning features hindering important common workflow)
-title: "Bug: "
-labels: ["bug", "high severity"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Thanks for taking the time to fill out this bug report! 
-        Please include information about your system, the steps to reproduce the bug, 
-        and the version of cosmopolitan that you are using. 
-        If possible, please provide a minimal code example that reproduces the bug.
-        You may also consider using function call tracing `--ftrace` or the lighter system call tracing `--strace`
-        for additional technical logging that may allow us to narrow down where the fault occurred.
-  - type: input
-    id: contact
-    attributes:
-      label: Contact Details
-      description: How can we get in touch with you if we need more info?
-      placeholder: ex. email@example.com
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: what-happened
-    attributes:
-      label: What happened?
-      description: Also tell us, what did you expect to happen?
-      placeholder: Tell us what you see!
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    id: version
-    attributes:
-      label: Version
-      description: What version of our software are you running? (use `--version` to get a version string)
-      placeholder: "cosmocc (GCC) 12.3.0"
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: operating-system
-    attributes:
-      label: What operating system are you seeing the problem on?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - Linux
-        - Mac
-        - Windows
-        - FreeBSD
-        - OpenBSD
-        - NetBSD
-        - BIOS
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: logs
-    attributes:
-      label: Relevant log output
-      description: Please copy and paste any relevant log output. This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
-      render: shell

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/04-bug-critical.yml

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-name: Critical Severity Bug
-description: Used to report critical severity bugs in cosmopolitan (e.g. Crashing, Corrupted, Dataloss)
-title: "Bug: "
-labels: ["bug", "critical severity"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Thanks for taking the time to fill out this bug report! 
-        Please include information about your system, the steps to reproduce the bug, 
-        and the version of cosmopolitan that you are using. 
-        If possible, please provide a minimal code example that reproduces the bug.
-        You may also consider using function call tracing `--ftrace` or the lighter system call tracing `--strace`
-        for additional technical logging that may allow us to narrow down where the fault occurred.
-  - type: input
-    id: contact
-    attributes:
-      label: Contact Details
-      description: How can we get in touch with you if we need more info?
-      placeholder: ex. email@example.com
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: what-happened
-    attributes:
-      label: What happened?
-      description: Also tell us, what did you expect to happen?
-      placeholder: Tell us what you see!
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    id: version
-    attributes:
-      label: Version
-      description: What version of our software are you running? (use `--version` to get a version string)
-      placeholder: "cosmocc (GCC) 12.3.0"
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: operating-system
-    attributes:
-      label: What operating system are you seeing the problem on?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - Linux
-        - Mac
-        - Windows
-        - FreeBSD
-        - OpenBSD
-        - NetBSD
-        - BIOS
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: textarea
-    id: logs
-    attributes:
-      label: Relevant log output
-      description: Please copy and paste any relevant log output. This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
-      render: shell

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/05-enhancement.yml

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-name: Enhancement template
-description: Used to request enhancements for cosmopolitan
-title: "Feature Request: "
-labels: ["enhancement"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        [Please post your idea first in Discussion if there is not yet a consensus for this enhancement request. This will help to keep this issue tracker focused on enhancements that the community has agreed needs to be implemented.](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/discussions/categories/ideas)
-
-  - type: checkboxes
-    id: prerequisites
-    attributes:
-      label: Prerequisites
-      description: Please confirm the following before submitting your enhancement request.
-      options:
-        - label: I am running the latest code. Mention the version if possible as well.
-          required: true
-        - label: I carefully followed the [README.md](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/blob/master/README.md).
-          required: true
-        - label: I searched using keywords relevant to my issue to make sure that I am creating a new issue that is not already open (or closed).
-          required: true
-        - label: I reviewed the [Discussions](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/discussions), and have a new and useful enhancement to share.
-          required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: feature-description
-    attributes:
-      label: Feature Description
-      description: Please provide a detailed written description of what you were trying to do, and what you expected `cosmopolitan` to do as an enhancement.
-      placeholder: Detailed description of the enhancement
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: motivation
-    attributes:
-      label: Motivation
-      description: Please provide a detailed written description of reasons why this feature is necessary and how it is useful to `cosmopolitan` users.
-      placeholder: Explanation of why this feature is needed and its benefits
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: possible-implementation
-    attributes:
-      label: Possible Implementation
-      description: If you have an idea as to how it can be implemented, please write a detailed description. Feel free to give links to external sources or share visuals that might be helpful to understand the details better.
-      placeholder: Detailed description of potential implementation
-    validations:
-      required: false

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/06-research.yml

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-name: Research
-description: Track new technical research area
-title: "Research: "
-labels: ["research"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Don't forget to check for any [duplicate research issue tickets](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3A%22research+%F0%9F%94%AC%22)
-
-  - type: checkboxes
-    id: research-stage
-    attributes:
-      label: Research Stage
-      description: Track general state of this research ticket
-      options:
-        - label: Background Research (Let's try to avoid reinventing the wheel)
-        - label: Hypothesis Formed (How do you think this will work and it's effect?)
-        - label: Strategy / Implementation Forming
-        - label: Analysis of results
-        - label: Debrief / Documentation (So people in the future can learn from us)
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: background
-    attributes:
-      label: Previous existing literature and research
-      description: Whats the current state of the art and whats the motivation for this research?
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: hypothesis
-    attributes:
-      label: Hypothesis
-      description: How do you think this will work and it's effect?
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: implementation
-    attributes:
-      label: Implementation
-      description: Got an approach? e.g. a PR ready to go?
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: analysis
-    attributes:
-      label: Analysis
-      description: How does the proposed implementation behave?
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: logs
-    attributes:
-      label: Relevant log output
-      description: Please copy and paste any relevant log output. This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
-      render: shell

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/07-refactor.yml

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-name: Refactor (Maintainers)
-description: Used to track refactoring opportunities
-title: "Refactor: "
-labels: ["refactor"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Don't forget to [check for existing refactor issue tickets](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3Arefactoring) in case it's already covered.
-        Also you may want to check [Pull request refactor label as well](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/pulls?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Apr+label%3Arefactoring) for duplicates too.
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: background-description
-    attributes:
-      label: Background Description
-      description: Please provide a detailed written description of the pain points you are trying to solve.
-      placeholder: Detailed description behind your motivation to request refactor
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: possible-approaches
-    attributes:
-      label: Possible Refactor Approaches
-      description: If you have some idea of possible approaches to solve this problem. You may want to make it a todo list.
-      placeholder: Your idea of possible refactoring opportunity/approaches
-    validations:
-      required: false

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-blank_issues_enabled: true
-contact_links:
-  - name: FAQ
-    url: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/wiki/FAQ
-    about: Is your question a common one? You may want to check here first.
-  - name: Got an idea?
-    url: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/discussions/categories/ideas
-    about: Pop it there. It may then become an enhancement ticket.
-  - name: Got a question?
-    url: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/discussions/categories/q-a
-    about: Ask a question there!
-  - name: Want to contribute?
-    url: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/wiki/contribute
-    about: Head to the contribution guide page of the wiki for areas you can help with
-

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-# https://github.com/actions/labeler
-
-documentation:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - README.md
-            - LICENSE
-            - CONTRIBUTING.md
-            - libc/README.md
-            - tool/cosmocc/README.md
-            - third_party/getopt/README.txt
-build:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - build/**
-            - Makefile
-            - '*/*.mk'
-examples:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file: examples/**
-devops:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - .github/**
-            - .clang-format
-dsp:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - dsp/**
-ape:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - ape/**
-libc:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - libc/**
-net:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - net/**
-third_party:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - third_party/**
-tool:
-    - changed-files:
-        - any-glob-to-any-file:
-            - tool/**

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-name: build
-
-env:
-  COSMOCC_VERSION: 3.9.2
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - "master"
-      - "flake"
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - "master"
-
-  # run workflow manually from the Actions tab
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-jobs:
-  matrix_on_mode:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        mode: ["", tiny, rel, tinylinux, optlinux]
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          # Full checkout needed for git-restore-mtime-bare.
-          fetch-depth: 0
-
-      # TODO(jart): fork this action.
-      - uses: chetan/git-restore-mtime-action@v2
-
-      - uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        id: cache
-        with:
-          path: |
-            .cosmocc
-            o
-          key: ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-${{ matrix.mode }}-${{ github.sha }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-${{ matrix.mode }}-
-            ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-
-
-      - name: Restore mtimes
-        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
-        run: |
-          while read mtime file; do
-            [ -f "$file" ] && touch -d "@$mtime" "$file"
-          done < o/.mtimes
-
-      - name: support ape bins 1
-        run: sudo cp -a build/bootstrap/ape.elf /usr/bin/ape
-
-      - name: support ape bins 2
-        run: sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
-
-      - name: make matrix
-        run: V=0 make -j2 MODE=${{ matrix.mode }}
-
-      - name: Save mtimes
-        run: |
-          find o -type f -exec stat -c "%Y %n" {} \; > o/.mtimes
-
-      - uses: actions/cache/save@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            .cosmocc
-            o
-          key: ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-${{ matrix.mode }}-${{ github.sha }}

.github/workflows/labeler.yml

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-name: "Pull Request Labeler"
-on:
-- pull_request_target
-
-jobs:
-  labeler:
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      pull-requests: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        repository: "jart/cosmopolitan"
-    - uses: actions/labeler@v5
-      with:
-        configuration-path: '.github/labeler.yml'

.github/workflows/nightly-cosmocc.yml

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-name: Nightly cosmocc
-on:
-  schedule:
-    # https://crontab.guru/#37_4_*_*_*
-    - cron: "37 4 * * *"
-  workflow_dispatch:
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-jobs:
-  build-cosmocc:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - run: |
-          sudo cp build/bootstrap/ape.elf /usr/bin/ape
-          sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
-      - run: tool/cosmocc/package.sh
-      # https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/590
-      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.3.5
-        with:
-          name: cosmocc
-          path: cosmocc
-          compression-level: 9

.gitignore

@@ -1,11 +1,4 @@
-# -*- conf -*-
-
 /o
-/cosmocc
-/.cosmocc
-
-# TODO: Find some way to have Python write to o/
-__pycache__
 
 *.tmp
 /.bochs.log
@@ -13,6 +6,4 @@ __pycache__
 /TAGS
 /bx_enh_dbg.ini
 /tool/emacs/*.elc
-/perf.data
+/usr/share/dict/words
-/perf.data.old
-/qemu*core

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "C_Cpp.default.compilerPath": ".cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/aarch64-linux-cosmo-c++",
-    "C_Cpp.default.compilerArgs": [
-        "-nostdinc",
-        "-nostdlib",
-        "-iquote.",
-        "-isystemlibc/isystem",
-        "-isystemthird_party/libcxx",
-        "-includelibc/integral/normalize.inc",
-        "-D_COSMO_SOURCE",
-        "-D__aarch64__"
-    ],
-    "[c]": {
-        "editor.tabSize": 2,
-        "editor.insertSpaces": true
-    },
-    "[cpp]": {
-        "editor.tabSize": 2,
-        "editor.insertSpaces": true
-    },
-    "[makefile]": {
-        "editor.tabSize": 8,
-        "editor.insertSpaces": false
-    },
-    "[make]": {
-        "editor.tabSize": 8,
-        "editor.insertSpaces": false
-    },
-    "[assembly]": {
-        "editor.tabSize": 8,
-        "editor.insertSpaces": true
-    },
-    "files.associations": {
-        "log.h": "c"
-    }
-}

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-# Contributing Guidelines
-
-We'd love to accept your patches! Please read this guide first.
-
-## Identity Disclosure
-
-This project does not accept anonymous contributions. Justine Tunney
-won't merge pull requests from strangers. In order to change the Cosmo
-codebase, and have your changes be upstreamed, she has to know who you
-are. You're encouraged to disclose your full name and email address to
-the public too, by including them in your git commit messages; however
-that's not a requirement; as we're happy to respect the wishes of
-contributors who prefer to remain anonymous to the public.
-
-## Copyright Assignment
-
-The first time you send a pull request, you need to send an email to
-Justine Tunney <jtunney@gmail.com> stating that you intend to assign her
-the copyright to the changes you contribute to Cosmopolitan. It only
-needs to happen once. This only applies to the code you *choose* to
-contribute. The email should be sent from an email address associated
-with your identity. Your email should link to your pull request.
-
-To make things easy, here's an example of a good email you can use:
-
-> **From**: YOUR NAME (yname@gmail.com)  
-> **To**: Justine Tunney (jtunney@gmail.com)  
-> **Subject**: Cosmopolitan Copyright Assignment for YOUR NAME
->
-> Hi Justine,
->
-> I made my first contribution to Cosmopolitan in
-> https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/pull/XXXX could you please take a
-> look? I intend to assign you the copyright to the changes I contribute
-> to Cosmopolitan.
->
-> Thanks!
-
-Please note that in order to give Justine the copyright, it has to be
-yours to give in the first place. If you're employed, then you should
-get your employer's approval to do this beforehand. Even with big
-companies like Google, this process is quick and painless. Usually we
-see employers granting authorization in less than one day.
-
-If you live in a country that doesn't recognize one's ability to assign
-copyright, then you may alternatively consider disclaiming it using the
-language in [Unlicense](https://unlicense.org) or
-[CC-0](http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0).
-
-If you're checking-in third party code, then you need to have headers at
-the top of each source file (but never header files) documenting its
-owners and the code should go in the `third_party/` folder. Every third
-party project should have a `README.cosmo` file that documents its
-provenance as well as any local changes you've made.
-
-## Copyright Policy Exceptions
-
-### Tests
-
-You're encoraged to claim ownership of your test code. If you add a new
-file under the `test/` directory, then you should put your name in the
-ISC license header at the top of the file. If you add new test cases to
-an existing unit test file, then you're encouraged to append a line with
-your name to the existing copyright header of that file.
-
-### Exceptional Features
-
-Let's say you discovered a faster better way to implement `log10()` and
-you want to give it to Cosmopolitan. In cases like this, it really isn't
-appropriate for Justine to own your code. What you could do instead, is
-write your own new and improved `log10.c` from scratch, put your name on
-the top with the ISC license, and then add a `__notice()` directive so
-that your name will be embedded inside every executable that links the
-`log10()` function. This will help you get your name out there. Please
-note you need get approval from Justine each time you want to do this.
-
-## Style Guide
-
-You can use clang-format to automatically format your files:
-
-```sh
-clang-format -i -style=file tool/net/redbean.c
-```
-
-If you use Emacs this can be automated on save for Cosmopolitan using
-[tool/emacs/cosmo-format.el](tool/emacs/cosmo-format.el).

LICENSE

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-ISC License
-
-Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney
-
-Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for
-any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the
-above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL
-WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
-WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
-PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
-TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
-PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

Makefile

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set et ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ──────────────────────┘
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
 #
 # SYNOPSIS
 #
@@ -21,26 +21,27 @@
 #   make -j8 -O MODE=tiny
 #
 #   # build individual target
-#   make -j8 -O o//examples/hello
+#   make -j8 -O o//examples/hello.com
-#   o//examples/hello
+#   o//examples/hello.com
 #
 #   # view source
 #   less examples/hello.c
 #
 #   # view binary
-#   o//tool/viz/bing o//examples/hello |
+#   o//tool/viz/bing.com o//examples/hello.com |
-#     o//tool/viz/fold
+#     o//tool/viz/fold.com
 #
 #   # view transitive closure of legalese
-#   o//tool/viz/bing -n o//examples/hello |
+#   o//tool/viz/bing.com -n o//examples/hello.com |
-#     o//tool/viz/fold
+#     o//tool/viz/fold.com
 #
 #   # basic debugging
-#   make -j8 -O MODE=dbg o/dbg/examples/crashreport
+#   make -j8 -O MODE=dbg o/dbg/examples/crashreport.com
-#   o/examples/crashreport
+#   o/dbg/examples/crashreport.com
 #   less examples/crashreport.c
 #
-#   # extremely tiny binaries
+#   # extremely tiny binaries (scout's honor escape hatch)
+#   # please pay the $1k for commercial license if you can
 #   make -j8 -O MODE=tiny				\
 #               LDFLAGS+=-s				\
 #               CPPFLAGS+=-DIM_FEELING_NAUGHTY	        \
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@
 #
 # TROUBLESHOOTING
 #
-#   make -j8 -O V=1 o//examples/hello
+#   make -j8 -O SILENT=0 o//examples/hello.com
 #   make o//examples/life.elf -pn |& less
 #   etc.
 #
@@ -59,124 +60,18 @@
 #
 #   build/config.mk
 
-SHELL      = build/bootstrap/cocmd
+SHELL         = /bin/sh
-MAKEFLAGS += --no-builtin-rules
+HOSTS        ?= freebsd openbsd alpine
+SANITY       := $(shell build/sanitycheck $$PPID)
+GNUMAKEFLAGS += --output-sync
 
 .SUFFIXES:
 .DELETE_ON_ERROR:
 .FEATURES: output-sync
-.PHONY: all o bins check test depend tags aarch64 clean
+.PHONY: all o bins check test depend tags
 
-ifneq ($(m),)
-ifeq ($(MODE),)
-MODE := $(m)
-endif
-endif
-
-COMMA := ,
-PWD := $(shell pwd)
-
-# detect wsl2 running cosmopolitan binaries on the host by checking whether:
-# - user ran .cosmocc/current/bin/make, in which case make's working directory
-#   is in wsl
-# - user ran make, in which case cocmd's working directory is in wsl
-ifneq ($(findstring //wsl.localhost/,$(CURDIR) $(PWD)),)
-$(warning wsl2 interop is enabled)
-$(error you need to run sudo sh -c 'echo -1 > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/WSLInterop')
-endif
-
-UNAME_M := $(shell uname -m)
-UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
-
-# apple still distributes a 17 year old version of gnu make
-ifeq ($(MAKE_VERSION), 3.81)
-$(error please use https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/make)
-endif
-
-LC_ALL = C
-SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH = 0
-
-ARFLAGS = rcsD
-ZFLAGS ?=
-XARGS ?= xargs -P4 -rs8000
-DOT ?= dot
-CLANG = clang
-TMPDIR = o/tmp
-AR = $(BOOTSTRAP)/ar.ape
-CP = $(BOOTSTRAP)/cp.ape
-RM = $(BOOTSTRAP)/rm.ape -f
-GZIP = $(BOOTSTRAP)/gzip.ape
-ECHO = $(BOOTSTRAP)/echo.ape
-CHMOD = $(BOOTSTRAP)/chmod.ape
-TOUCH = $(BOOTSTRAP)/touch.ape
-PKG = $(BOOTSTRAP)/package.ape
-MKDEPS = $(BOOTSTRAP)/mkdeps
-ZIPOBJ = $(BOOTSTRAP)/zipobj
-ZIPCOPY = $(BOOTSTRAP)/zipcopy
-PECHECK = $(BOOTSTRAP)/pecheck
-FIXUPOBJ = $(BOOTSTRAP)/fixupobj
-OBJBINCOPY = $(BOOTSTRAP)/objbincopy
-MKDIR = $(BOOTSTRAP)/mkdir.ape -p
-COMPILE = $(BOOTSTRAP)/compile.ape -V9 -M2048m -P8192 $(QUOTA)
-
-# the default build modes is empty string
-# on x86_64 hosts, MODE= is the same as MODE=x86_64
-# on aarch64 hosts, MODE= is changed to MODE=aarch64
-ifeq ($(MODE),)
-ifeq ($(UNAME_M),arm64)
-MODE := aarch64
-endif
-ifeq ($(UNAME_M),aarch64)
-MODE := aarch64
-endif
-endif
-
-ifneq ($(findstring aarch64,$(MODE)),)
-ARCH = aarch64
-HOSTS ?= pi pi5 studio freebsdarm
-else
-ARCH = x86_64
-HOSTS ?= freebsd rhel7 xnu openbsd netbsd win10 luna
-endif
-
-ZIPOBJ_FLAGS += -a$(ARCH)
-
-export ADDR2LINE
-export LC_ALL
-export MKDIR
-export MODE
-export SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
-export TMPDIR
-
-COSMOCC = .cosmocc/3.9.2
-BOOTSTRAP = $(COSMOCC)/bin
-TOOLCHAIN = $(COSMOCC)/bin/$(ARCH)-linux-cosmo-
-DOWNLOAD := $(shell build/download-cosmocc.sh $(COSMOCC) 3.9.2 f4ff13af65fcd309f3f1cfd04275996fb7f72a4897726628a8c9cf732e850193)
-
-IGNORE := $(shell $(MKDIR) $(TMPDIR))
-
-AS = $(TOOLCHAIN)as
-CC = $(TOOLCHAIN)gcc
-CXX = $(TOOLCHAIN)g++
-CXXFILT = $(TOOLCHAIN)c++filt
-LD = $(TOOLCHAIN)ld.bfd
-NM = $(TOOLCHAIN)nm
-GCC = $(TOOLCHAIN)gcc
-STRIP = $(TOOLCHAIN)strip
-OBJCOPY = $(TOOLCHAIN)objcopy
-OBJDUMP = $(TOOLCHAIN)objdump
-ifneq ($(wildcard $(PWD)/$(TOOLCHAIN)addr2line),)
-ADDR2LINE = $(PWD)/$(TOOLCHAIN)addr2line
-else
-ADDR2LINE = $(TOOLCHAIN)addr2line
-endif
-
-# primary build rules
 all:	o
-o:	o/$(MODE)
+o:	o/$(MODE)/ape		\
-o/$(MODE):			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape		\
-	o/$(MODE)/ctl		\
 	o/$(MODE)/dsp		\
 	o/$(MODE)/net		\
 	o/$(MODE)/libc		\
@@ -185,218 +80,130 @@ o/$(MODE):			\
 	o/$(MODE)/examples	\
 	o/$(MODE)/third_party
 
-# TODO(jart): Make Emacs `C-c C-c` shortcut not need this.
-.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ o/$(MODE)/.
-o/$(MODE)/: o/$(MODE)
-o/$(MODE)/.: o/$(MODE)
-
-# check if we're using o//third_party/make/make
-# we added sandboxing to guarantee cosmo's makefile is hermetic
-# it also shaves away 200ms of startup latency with native $(uniq)
-ifneq ($(LANDLOCKMAKE_VERSION),)
-ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
-ifeq ($(wildcard /usr/bin/ape),)
-$(warning please run ape/apeinstall.sh if you intend to use landlock make)
-$(shell sleep .5)
-endif
-endif
-ifneq ($(TOOLCHAIN),)
-.STRICT = 1
-endif
-endif
-
-.PLEDGE += stdio rpath wpath cpath fattr proc
-.UNVEIL +=					\
-	libc/integral				\
-	libc/stdbool.h				\
-	rwc:/dev/shm				\
-	rx:.cosmocc				\
-	rx:build/bootstrap			\
-	r:build/portcosmo.h			\
-	/proc/stat				\
-	rw:/dev/null				\
-	rw:/dev/full				\
-	w:o/stack.log				\
-	/etc/hosts				\
-	~/.runit.psk				\
-	/proc/self/status			\
-	rx:/usr/bin/qemu-aarch64		\
-	rx:o/third_party/qemu/qemu-aarch64	\
-	/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
-
 PKGS =
 
--include ~/.cosmo.mk
+-include ~/.cosmo.mk				#──No.1
 include build/functions.mk			#─┐
-include build/definitions.mk			# ├──META
+include build/definitions.mk			# ├──meta
-include build/config.mk				# │  You can build
+include build/config.mk				# │
-include build/rules.mk				# │  You can topologically order
+include build/rules.mk				# │
-include build/online.mk				#─┘
+include build/online.mk				# │
-include libc/nexgen32e/BUILD.mk			#─┐
+include libc/stubs/stubs.mk			#─┘
-include libc/sysv/BUILD.mk			# ├──SYSTEM SUPPORT
+include libc/nexgen32e/nexgen32e.mk		#─┐
-include libc/nt/BUILD.mk			# │  You can do math
+include libc/intrin/intrin.mk			# │
-include libc/intrin/BUILD.mk			# │  You can use the stack
+include libc/linux/linux.mk			# │
-include third_party/compiler_rt/BUILD.mk	# │  You can manipulate arrays
+include libc/math/math.mk			# ├──metal
-include libc/tinymath/BUILD.mk			# │  You can issue raw system calls
+include libc/tinymath/tinymath.mk		# │
-include libc/str/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/compiler_rt/compiler_rt.mk	# │
-include third_party/xed/BUILD.mk		# │
+include libc/bits/bits.mk			# │
-include third_party/puff/BUILD.mk		# │
+include libc/str/str.mk				# │
-include libc/elf/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/xed/xed.mk			# │
-include ape/BUILD.mk				# │
+include third_party/zlib/zlib.mk		# │
-include libc/fmt/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/elf/elf.mk				# │
-include libc/vga/BUILD.mk			# │
+include ape/lib/apelib.mk			# │
-include libc/irq/BUILD.mk			#─┘
+include ape/ape.mk				#─┘
-include libc/calls/BUILD.mk			#─┐
+include libc/sysv/sysv.mk			#─┐
-include libc/irq/BUILD.mk			# ├──SYSTEMS RUNTIME
+include libc/nt/nt.mk				# ├──system
-include third_party/nsync/BUILD.mk		# │  You can issue system calls
+include libc/fmt/fmt.mk				# │
-include libc/runtime/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/rand/rand.mk			#─┘
-include libc/crt/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/calls/calls.mk			#─┐
-include third_party/dlmalloc/BUILD.mk		#─┘
+include libc/runtime/runtime.mk			# ├──systems
-include libc/mem/BUILD.mk			#─┐
+include libc/crt/crt.mk				# │
-include third_party/gdtoa/BUILD.mk		# ├──DYNAMIC RUNTIME
+include libc/unicode/unicode.mk			# │
-include third_party/nsync/mem/BUILD.mk		# │  You can now use stdio
+include third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.mk	# │
-include libc/proc/BUILD.mk			# │  You can now use threads
+include libc/mem/mem.mk				# │
-include libc/dlopen/BUILD.mk			# │  You can now use processes
+include libc/ohmyplus/ohmyplus.mk		# │
-include libc/thread/BUILD.mk			# │  You can finally call malloc()
+include libc/zipos/zipos.mk			# │
-include third_party/zlib/BUILD.mk		# │
+include third_party/gdtoa/gdtoa.mk		# │
-include libc/stdio/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/time/time.mk			# │
-include tool/hello/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/alg/alg.mk				# │
-include third_party/tz/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/calls/hefty/hefty.mk		# │
-include net/BUILD.mk				# │
+include libc/stdio/stdio.mk			# │
-include third_party/vqsort/BUILD.mk		# │
+include third_party/f2c/f2c.mk			# │
-include libc/log/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/blas/blas.mk		# │
-include third_party/getopt/BUILD.mk		# │
+include net/net.mk				# │
-include third_party/bzip2/BUILD.mk		# │
+include libc/log/log.mk				# │
-include dsp/core/BUILD.mk			# │
+include dsp/core/core.mk			# │
-include third_party/zlib/gz/BUILD.mk		# │
+include libc/x/x.mk				# │
-include third_party/intel/BUILD.mk		# │
+include third_party/stb/stb.mk			# │
-include third_party/aarch64/BUILD.mk		# │
+include dsp/scale/scale.mk			# │
-include libc/BUILD.mk				#─┘
+include dsp/mpeg/mpeg.mk			# │
-include libc/sock/BUILD.mk			#─┐
+include dsp/dsp.mk				# │
-include net/http/BUILD.mk			# ├──ONLINE RUNTIME
+include third_party/musl/musl.mk		# │
-include third_party/musl/BUILD.mk		# │  You can communicate with the network
+include third_party/getopt/getopt.mk		# │
-include third_party/regex/BUILD.mk		# │
+include libc/libc.mk				#─┘
-include third_party/tr/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/sock/sock.mk			#─┐
-include third_party/sed/BUILD.mk		# │
+include dsp/tty/tty.mk				# ├──online
-include libc/system/BUILD.mk			# │
+include libc/dns/dns.mk				# │
-include libc/x/BUILD.mk				# │
+include libc/crypto/crypto.mk			# │
-include dsp/scale/BUILD.mk			# │
+include net/http/http.mk			#─┘
-include dsp/mpeg/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/lemon/lemon.mk
-include dsp/tty/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/duktape/duktape.mk
-include dsp/audio/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/regex/regex.mk
-include dsp/prog/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/third_party.mk
-include dsp/BUILD.mk				# │
+include libc/testlib/testlib.mk
-include third_party/stb/BUILD.mk		# │
+include tool/viz/lib/vizlib.mk
-include third_party/mbedtls/BUILD.mk		# │
+include examples/examples.mk
-include third_party/ncurses/BUILD.mk		# │
+include third_party/lz4cli/lz4cli.mk
-include third_party/readline/BUILD.mk		# │
+include tool/build/lib/buildlib.mk
-include third_party/libunwind/BUILD.mk		# |
+include third_party/chibicc/chibicc.mk
-include third_party/libcxxabi/BUILD.mk		# |
+include third_party/chibicc/test/test.mk
-include third_party/double-conversion/BUILD.mk	# │
+include tool/build/emucrt/emucrt.mk
-include ctl/BUILD.mk				# │
+include tool/build/emubin/emubin.mk
-include third_party/libcxx/BUILD.mk		# │
+include tool/build/build.mk
-include third_party/openmp/BUILD.mk		# │
+include tool/calc/calc.mk
-include third_party/pcre/BUILD.mk		# │
+include tool/decode/lib/decodelib.mk
-include third_party/less/BUILD.mk		# │
+include tool/decode/decode.mk
-include net/https/BUILD.mk			#─┘
+include tool/hash/hash.mk
-include third_party/tidy/BUILD.mk
+include tool/net/net.mk
-include third_party/BUILD.mk
+include tool/viz/viz.mk
-include third_party/nsync/testing/BUILD.mk
+include tool/tool.mk
-include libc/testlib/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/alg/test.mk
-include tool/viz/lib/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/tinymath/test.mk
-include tool/args/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/math/test.mk
-include test/math/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/intrin/test.mk
-include test/posix/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/mem/test.mk
-include test/ctl/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/nexgen32e/test.mk
-include test/libcxx/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/runtime/test.mk
-include test/tool/args/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/sock/test.mk
-include third_party/linenoise/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/bits/test.mk
-include third_party/maxmind/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/crypto/test.mk
-include net/finger/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/str/test.mk
-include third_party/double-conversion/test/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/unicode/test.mk
-include third_party/lua/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/calls/test.mk
-include third_party/tree/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/x/test.mk
-include third_party/zstd/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/xed/test.mk
-include third_party/awk/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/fmt/test.mk
-include third_party/hiredis/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/dns/test.mk
-include third_party/make/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/rand/test.mk
-include third_party/ctags/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/time/test.mk
-include third_party/finger/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/stdio/test.mk
-include third_party/argon2/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/release/test.mk
-include third_party/smallz4/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/test.mk
-include third_party/sqlite3/BUILD.mk
+include test/ape/lib/test.mk
-include third_party/mbedtls/test/BUILD.mk
+include test/ape/test.mk
-include third_party/lz4cli/BUILD.mk
+include test/net/http/test.mk
-include third_party/zip/BUILD.mk
+include test/net/test.mk
-include third_party/xxhash/BUILD.mk
+include test/tool/build/lib/test.mk
-include third_party/unzip/BUILD.mk
+include test/tool/build/test.mk
-include tool/build/lib/BUILD.mk
+include test/tool/viz/lib/test.mk
-include third_party/chibicc/BUILD.mk
+include test/tool/viz/test.mk
-include third_party/chibicc/test/BUILD.mk
+include test/tool/test.mk
-include third_party/python/BUILD.mk
+include test/dsp/core/test.mk
-include tool/build/BUILD.mk
+include test/dsp/scale/test.mk
-include tool/curl/BUILD.mk
+include test/dsp/tty/test.mk
-include third_party/qemu/BUILD.mk
+include test/dsp/test.mk
-include third_party/libcxxabi/test/BUILD.mk
+include examples/package/lib/build.mk
-include examples/BUILD.mk
+include examples/package/build.mk
-include examples/pyapp/BUILD.mk
-include examples/pylife/BUILD.mk
-include tool/decode/lib/BUILD.mk
-include tool/decode/BUILD.mk
-include tool/lambda/lib/BUILD.mk
-include tool/lambda/BUILD.mk
-include tool/plinko/lib/BUILD.mk
-include tool/plinko/BUILD.mk
-include test/tool/plinko/BUILD.mk
-include tool/net/BUILD.mk
-include tool/viz/BUILD.mk
-include tool/BUILD.mk
-include net/turfwar/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/tinymath/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/intrin/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/mem/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/nexgen32e/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/runtime/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/thread/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/sock/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/str/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/log/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/str/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/calls/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/x/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/xed/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/fmt/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/time/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/proc/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/stdio/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/system/BUILD.mk
-include test/libc/BUILD.mk
-include test/net/http/BUILD.mk
-include test/net/https/BUILD.mk
-include test/net/finger/BUILD.mk
-include test/net/BUILD.mk
-include test/tool/build/lib/BUILD.mk
-include test/tool/build/BUILD.mk
-include test/tool/viz/lib/BUILD.mk
-include test/tool/viz/BUILD.mk
-include test/tool/net/BUILD.mk
-include test/tool/BUILD.mk
-include test/dsp/core/BUILD.mk
-include test/dsp/scale/BUILD.mk
-include test/dsp/tty/BUILD.mk
-include test/dsp/BUILD.mk
-include examples/package/lib/BUILD.mk
-include examples/package/BUILD.mk
 #-φ-examples/package/new.sh
-include test/BUILD.mk
+include test/test.mk
 
-OBJS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_OBJS))
+OBJS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_OBJS))
-SRCS	:= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_SRCS))
+SRCS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_SRCS))
-HDRS	:= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))
+HDRS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))
-INCS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_INCS))
+BINS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_BINS))
-BINS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_BINS))
+TESTS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_TESTS))
-TESTS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_TESTS))
+CHECKS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
-CHECKS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
 
 bins:	$(BINS)
 check:	$(CHECKS)
@@ -405,218 +212,117 @@ depend:	o/$(MODE)/depend
 tags:	TAGS HTAGS
 
 o/$(MODE)/.x:
-	@$(COMPILE) -AMKDIR -tT$@ $(MKDIR) $(@D)
+	@$(MKDIR) $(@D) && touch $@
 
-o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(dir $(x)))) $(SRCS)
+o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(dir $(x))))
-	$(file >$@,$(SRCS))
-o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x)))) $(HDRS) $(INCS)
-	$(file >$@,$(HDRS) $(INCS))
-o/$(MODE)/incs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(INCS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x)))) $(INCS) $(INCS)
-	$(file >$@,$(INCS))
-o/$(MODE)/depend: o/$(MODE)/.x o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt o/$(MODE)/incs.txt $(SRCS) $(HDRS) $(INCS)
-	$(COMPILE) -AMKDEPS -L320 $(MKDEPS) -o $@ -s -r o/$(MODE)/ @o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt @o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt @o/$(MODE)/incs.txt
-
-o/$(MODE)/srcs-old.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(dir $(x))))
 	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
-o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
-	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
 
-TAGS: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS),$(dir $(x))))
-TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs-old.txt $(SRCS) #o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags
+	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(HDRS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
-	@$(RM) $@
-	@o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags $(TAGSFLAGS) -L $< -o $@
 
-HTAGS: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/depend: o/$(MODE)/.x o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt $(SRCS) $(HDRS)
-HTAGS:	o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt $(filter-out third_party/libcxx/%,$(HDRS)) #o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags
+	@build/mkdeps -o $@ -r o/$(MODE)/ o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt
-	@$(RM) $@
-	@build/htags o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags -L $< -o $@
 
-loc: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt $(SRCS)
-loc: o/$(MODE)/tool/build/summy
+	@rm -f $@
-	find -name \*.h -or -name \*.hpp -or -name \*.c -or -name \*.cc -or -name \*.cpp -or -name \*.S -or -name \*.mk | \
+	@ACTION=TAGS TARGET=$@ build/do $(TAGS) $(TAGSFLAGS) -L $< -o $@
+
+HTAGS:	o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt $(HDRS)
+	@rm -f $@
+	@ACTION=TAGS TARGET=$@ build/do build/htags -L $< -o $@
+
+loc: o/$(MODE)/tool/build/summy.com
+	find -name \*.h -or -name \*.c -or -name \*.S | \
 	$(XARGS) wc -l | grep total | awk '{print $$1}' | $<
 
-COSMOPOLITAN =				\
+COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =		\
-	CTL				\
+	LIBC_CRYPTO		\
-	DSP_AUDIO			\
+	LIBC_DNS		\
-	LIBC_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_SOCK		\
-	LIBC_DLOPEN			\
+	LIBC_NT_WS2_32		\
-	LIBC_ELF			\
+	LIBC_NT_MSWSOCK		\
-	LIBC_FMT			\
+	LIBC_OHMYPLUS		\
-	LIBC_INTRIN			\
+	LIBC_X			\
-	LIBC_IRQ			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA	\
-	LIBC_LOG			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT	\
-	LIBC_MEM			\
+	LIBC_LOG		\
-	LIBC_NEXGEN32E			\
+	LIBC_UNICODE		\
-	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32		\
+	LIBC_TIME		\
-	LIBC_NT_BCRYPTPRIMITIVES	\
+	LIBC_ZIPOS		\
-	LIBC_NT_COMDLG32		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB	\
-	LIBC_NT_GDI32			\
+	APE_LIB			\
-	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL	\
-	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32		\
+	LIBC_STDIO		\
-	LIBC_NT_NTDLL			\
+	LIBC_CALLS_HEFTY	\
-	LIBC_NT_PDH			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX	\
-	LIBC_NT_POWRPROF		\
+	LIBC_ALG		\
-	LIBC_NT_PSAPI			\
+	LIBC_MEM		\
-	LIBC_NT_REALTIME		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC	\
-	LIBC_NT_SHELL32			\
+	LIBC_BITS		\
-	LIBC_NT_SYNCHRONIZATION		\
+	LIBC_RUNTIME		\
-	LIBC_NT_USER32			\
+	LIBC_ELF		\
-	LIBC_NT_WS2_32			\
+	LIBC_CALLS		\
-	LIBC_PROC			\
+	LIBC_RAND		\
-	LIBC_RUNTIME			\
+	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS		\
-	LIBC_SOCK			\
+	LIBC_NT_NTDLL		\
-	LIBC_STDIO			\
+	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32	\
-	LIBC_STR			\
+	LIBC_FMT		\
-	LIBC_SYSTEM			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT	\
-	LIBC_SYSV			\
+	LIBC_TINYMATH		\
-	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_SYSV		\
-	LIBC_THREAD			\
+	LIBC_STR		\
-	LIBC_TINYMATH			\
+	LIBC_INTRIN		\
-	LIBC_VGA			\
+	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32	\
-	LIBC_X				\
+	LIBC_NEXGEN32E
-	NET_HTTP			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_DOUBLECONVERSION	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXXABI		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_LIBUNWIND		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MEM		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_OPENMP		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_PUFF		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_TZ			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_XED			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB_GZ		\
-	TOOL_ARGS			\
 
-COSMOPOLITAN_H_PKGS =			\
+COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS =		\
-	APE				\
+	LIBC			\
-	DSP_AUDIO			\
+	LIBC_ALG		\
-	LIBC				\
+	LIBC_BITS		\
-	LIBC_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_CALLS		\
-	LIBC_ELF			\
+	LIBC_CRYPTO		\
-	LIBC_FMT			\
+	LIBC_DNS		\
-	LIBC_DLOPEN			\
+	LIBC_ELF		\
-	LIBC_INTRIN			\
+	LIBC_FMT		\
-	LIBC_LOG			\
+	LIBC_INTRIN		\
-	LIBC_MEM			\
+	LIBC_LOG		\
-	LIBC_NEXGEN32E			\
+	LIBC_MEM		\
-	LIBC_NT				\
+	LIBC_NEXGEN32E		\
-	LIBC_RUNTIME			\
+	LIBC_NT			\
-	LIBC_SOCK			\
+	LIBC_OHMYPLUS		\
-	LIBC_STDIO			\
+	LIBC_RAND		\
-	LIBC_PROC			\
+	LIBC_RUNTIME		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC		\
+	LIBC_SOCK		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_XED			\
+	LIBC_STDIO		\
-	LIBC_STR			\
+	LIBC_STR		\
-	LIBC_SYSV			\
+	LIBC_SYSV		\
-	LIBC_THREAD			\
+	LIBC_TIME		\
-	LIBC_TINYMATH			\
+	LIBC_TINYMATH		\
-	LIBC_X				\
+	LIBC_UNICODE		\
-	LIBC_VGA			\
+	LIBC_X			\
-	NET_HTTP			\
+	LIBC_ZIPOS		\
-	TOOL_ARGS			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB_GZ		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX
 
-COSMOCC_PKGS =				\
+o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a.txt:
-	$(COSMOPOLITAN_H_PKGS)		\
+	printf "%s\n" $(call reverse,$(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)))))
-	CTL				\
+o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a: $(filter-out o/libc/stubs/exit11.o,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_A_OBJS)))
-	THIRD_PARTY_AARCH64		\
+o/cosmopolitan.h:				\
-	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXX		\
+		o/$(MODE)/tool/build/rollup.com	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXXABI		\
+		libc/integral/normalize.inc	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_LIBUNWIND		\
+		$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS),$($(x)_HDRS))
-	THIRD_PARTY_OPENMP		\
+	@ACTION=ROLLUP TARGET=$@ build/do $^ >$@
-	THIRD_PARTY_INTEL
 
-o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a:		\
-		$(call reverse,$(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN),$($(x)))))
-
-COSMOCC_HDRS =								\
-	$(wildcard libc/integral/*)					\
-	$(foreach x,$(COSMOCC_PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))			\
-	$(foreach x,$(COSMOCC_PKGS),$($(x)_INCS))
-
-o/cosmocc.h.txt: Makefile libc $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x)))) $(HDRS) $(INCS)
-	$(file >$@, $(call uniq,$(COSMOCC_HDRS)))
-
-COSMOPOLITAN_H_ROOT_HDRS =						\
-	libc/integral/normalize.inc					\
-	$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_H_PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))
-
-o/cosmopolitan.html: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 o/cosmopolitan.html:							\
-		o/$(MODE)/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.dbg		\
+		o/$(MODE)/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.com.dbg		\
-		$(filter-out %.s,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_SRCS)))	\
+		$(filter-out %.s,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_SRCS)))
-		$(filter-out %.cpp,$(filter-out %.cc,$(SRCS)))				\
+	o/$(MODE)/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.com.dbg -J		\
-		$(HDRS)
-	$(file >$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@),$(filter-out %.cpp,$(filter-out %.cc,$(filter-out %.s,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_SRCS))))))
-	o/$(MODE)/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.dbg -J		\
 		-fno-common -include libc/integral/normalize.inc -o $@	\
-		-DCOSMO @$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@)
+		$(filter-out %.s,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_SRCS)))
-
-$(SRCS):					\
-	libc/integral/normalize.inc		\
-	libc/integral/c.inc			\
-	libc/integral/cxx.inc			\
-	libc/integral/cxxtypescompat.inc	\
-	libc/integral/lp64arg.inc		\
-	libc/integral/lp64.inc
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH), x86_64)
-TOOLCHAIN_ARTIFACTS =				\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds			\
-	o/$(MODE)/libc/crt/crt.o		\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o		\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o	\
-	o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a		\
-	o/$(MODE)/third_party/libcxx/libcxx.a	\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/march-native	\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/ar			\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/mktemper		\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/fixupobj		\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/zipcopy		\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/apelink		\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/pecheck
-else
-TOOLCHAIN_ARTIFACTS =				\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/aarch64.lds		\
-	o/$(MODE)/libc/crt/crt.o		\
-	o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a		\
-	o/$(MODE)/third_party/libcxx/libcxx.a	\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/march-native	\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/fixupobj		\
-	o/$(MODE)/tool/build/zipcopy
-endif
-
-.PHONY: toolchain
-toolchain: $(TOOLCHAIN_ARTIFACTS)
-
-.PHONY: clean_toolchain
-clean_toolchain:
-	$(RM) $(TOOLCHAIN_ARTIFACTS)
-
-aarch64: private .INTERNET = true
-aarch64: private .UNSANDBOXED = true
-aarch64:
-	$(MAKE) m=aarch64
-
-clean:
-	$(RM) -r o
 
 # UNSPECIFIED PREREQUISITES TUTORIAL
 #
@@ -640,11 +346,10 @@ clean:
 ~/.cosmo.mk:
 $(SRCS):
 $(HDRS):
-$(INCS):
 .DEFAULT:
-	@$(ECHO)
+	@echo >&2
-	@$(ECHO) NOTE: deleting o/$(MODE)/depend because of an unspecified prerequisite: $@
+	@echo NOTE: deleting o/$(MODE)/depend because of an unspecified prerequisite: $@ >&2
-	@$(ECHO)
+	@echo >&2
-	$(RM) o/$(MODE)/depend
+	rm -f o/$(MODE)/depend
 
 -include o/$(MODE)/depend

NOTICE

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for
+any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the
+above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL
+WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
+PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
+TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

README.md

@@ -1,279 +1,10 @@
-![Cosmopolitan Honeybadger](usr/share/img/honeybadger.png)
-
-[![build](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/actions/workflows/build.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/actions/workflows/build.yml)
 # Cosmopolitan
 
-[Cosmopolitan Libc](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/index.html) makes C/C++
+Fast portable static native textmode executable containers.
-a build-once run-anywhere language, like Java, except it doesn't need an
+
-interpreter or virtual machine. Instead, it reconfigures stock GCC and
+For an introduction to this project, please read the <a
-Clang to output a POSIX-approved polyglot format that runs natively on
+href="https://justine.storage.googleapis.com/ape.html">αcτµαlly pδrταblε
-Linux + Mac + Windows + FreeBSD + OpenBSD 7.3 + NetBSD + BIOS with the
+εxεcµταblε</a> blog post and <a
-best possible performance and the tiniest footprint imaginable.
+href="https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/index.html">cosmopolitan libc</a>
-
+website. API documentation is available <a
-## Background
+href="https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/documentation.html">here</a>.
-
-For an introduction to this project, please read the [actually portable
-executable](https://justine.lol/ape.html) blog post and [cosmopolitan
-libc](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/index.html) website. We also have
-[API
-documentation](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/documentation.html).
-
-## Getting Started
-
-You can start by obtaining a release of our `cosmocc` compiler from
-<https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmocc/>.
-
-```sh
-mkdir -p cosmocc
-cd cosmocc
-wget https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmocc/cosmocc.zip
-unzip cosmocc.zip
-```
-
-Here's an example program we can write:
-
-```c
-// hello.c
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-int main() {
-  printf("hello world\n");
-}
-```
-
-It can be compiled as follows:
-
-```sh
-cosmocc -o hello hello.c
-./hello
-```
-
-The Cosmopolitan Libc runtime links some heavyweight troubleshooting
-features by default, which are very useful for developers and admins.
-Here's how you can log system calls:
-
-```sh
-./hello --strace
-```
-
-Here's how you can get a much more verbose log of function calls:
-
-```sh
-./hello --ftrace
-```
-
-You can use the Cosmopolitan's toolchain to build conventional open
-source projects which use autotools. This strategy normally works:
-
-```sh
-export CC=x86_64-unknown-cosmo-cc
-export CXX=x86_64-unknown-cosmo-c++
-./configure --prefix=/opt/cosmos/x86_64
-make -j
-make install
-```
-
-## Cosmopolitan Source Builds
-
-Cosmopolitan can be compiled from source on any of our supported
-platforms. The Makefile will download cosmocc automatically.
-
-It's recommended that you install a systemwide APE Loader. This command
-requires `sudo` access to copy the `ape` command to a system folder and
-register with binfmt_misc on Linux, for even more performance.
-
-```sh
-ape/apeinstall.sh
-```
-
-You can now build the mono repo with any modern version of GNU Make. To
-bootstrap your build, you can install Cosmopolitan Make from this site:
-
-https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/make
-
-E.g.:
-
-```sh
-curl -LO https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/make
-./make -j8
-o//examples/hello
-```
-
-After you've built the repo once, you can also use the make from your
-cosmocc at `.cosmocc/current/bin/make`. You might even prefer to alias
-make to `$COSMO/.cosmocc/current/bin/make`.
-
-Since the Cosmopolitan repository is very large, you might only want to
-build one particular thing. Here's an example of a target that can be
-compiled relatively quickly, which is a simple POSIX test that only
-depends on core LIBC packages.
-
-```sh
-rm -rf o//libc o//test
-.cosmocc/current/bin/make o//test/posix/signal_test
-o//test/posix/signal_test
-```
-
-Sometimes it's desirable to build a subset of targets, without having to
-list out each individual one. For example if you wanted to build and run
-all the unit tests in the `TEST_POSIX` package, you could say:
-
-```sh
-.cosmocc/current/bin/make o//test/posix
-```
-
-Cosmopolitan provides a variety of build modes. For example, if you want
-really tiny binaries (as small as 12kb in size) then you'd say:
-
-```sh
-.cosmocc/current/bin/make m=tiny
-```
-
-You can furthermore cut out the bloat of other operating systems, and
-have Cosmopolitan become much more similar to Musl Libc.
-
-```sh
-.cosmocc/current/bin/make m=tinylinux
-```
-
-For further details, see [//build/config.mk](build/config.mk).
-
-## Debugging
-
-To print a log of system calls to stderr:
-
-```sh
-cosmocc -o hello hello.c
-./hello --strace
-```
-
-To print a log of function calls to stderr:
-
-```sh
-cosmocc -o hello hello.c
-./hello --ftrace
-```
-
-Both strace and ftrace use the unbreakable kprintf() facility, which is
-able to be sent to a file by setting an environment variable.
-
-```sh
-export KPRINTF_LOG=log
-./hello --strace
-```
-
-## GDB
-
-Here's the recommended `~/.gdbinit` config:
-
-```gdb
-set host-charset UTF-8
-set target-charset UTF-8
-set target-wide-charset UTF-8
-set osabi none
-set complaints 0
-set confirm off
-set history save on
-set history filename ~/.gdb_history
-define asm
-  layout asm
-  layout reg
-end
-define src
-  layout src
-  layout reg
-end
-src
-```
-
-You normally run the `.dbg` file under gdb. If you need to debug the
-`` file itself, then you can load the debug symbols independently as
-
-```sh
-gdb foo -ex 'add-symbol-file foo.dbg 0x401000'
-```
-
-## Platform Notes
-
-### Shells
-
-If you use zsh and have trouble running APE programs try `sh -c ./prog`
-or simply upgrade to zsh 5.9+ (since we patched it two years ago). The
-same is the case for Python `subprocess`, old versions of fish, etc.
-
-### Linux
-
-Some Linux systems are configured to launch MZ executables under WINE.
-Other distros configure their stock installs so that APE programs will
-print "run-detectors: unable to find an interpreter". For example:
-
-```sh
-jart@ubuntu:~$ wget https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/dash
-jart@ubuntu:~$ chmod +x dash
-jart@ubuntu:~$ ./dash
-run-detectors: unable to find an interpreter for ./dash
-```
-
-You can fix that by registering APE with `binfmt_misc`:
-
-```sh
-sudo wget -O /usr/bin/ape https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/ape-$(uname -m).elf
-sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/ape
-sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
-sudo sh -c "echo ':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
-```
-
-You should be good now. APE will not only work, it'll launch executables
-400µs faster now too. However if things still didn't work out, it's also
-possible to disable `binfmt_misc` as follows:
-
-```sh
-sudo sh -c 'echo -1 > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/cli'     # remove Ubuntu's MZ interpreter
-sudo sh -c 'echo -1 > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status'  # remove ALL binfmt_misc entries
-```
-
-### WSL
-
-It's normally unsafe to use APE in a WSL environment, because it tries
-to run MZ executables as WIN32 binaries within the WSL environment. In
-order to make it safe to use Cosmopolitan software on WSL, run this:
-
-```sh
-sudo sh -c "echo -1 > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/WSLInterop"
-```
-
-## Discord Chatroom
-
-The Cosmopolitan development team collaborates on the Redbean Discord
-server. You're welcome to join us! <https://discord.gg/FwAVVu7eJ4>
-
-## Support Vector
-
-| Platform       | Min Version    | Circa |
-| :---           | ---:           | ---:  |
-| AMD            | K8             | 2003  |
-| Intel          | Core           | 2006  |
-| Linux          | 2.6.18         | 2007  |
-| Windows        | 8 [1]          | 2012  |
-| Darwin (macOS) | 23.1.0+        | 2023  |
-| OpenBSD        | 7.3 or earlier | 2023  |
-| FreeBSD        | 13             | 2020  |
-| NetBSD         | 9.2            | 2021  |
-
-[1] See our [vista branch](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/tree/vista)
-    for a community supported version of Cosmopolitan that works on Windows
-    Vista and Windows 7.
-
-## Special Thanks
-
-Funding for this project is crowdsourced using
-[GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/jart) and
-[Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/jart). Your support is what makes this
-project possible. Thank you! We'd also like to give special thanks to
-the following groups and individuals:
-
-- [Joe Drumgoole](https://github.com/jdrumgoole)
-- [Rob Figueiredo](https://github.com/robfig)
-- [Wasmer](https://wasmer.io/)
-
-For publicly sponsoring our work at the highest tier.

ape/BUILD.mk

@@ -1,287 +0,0 @@
-#-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set noet ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ────────────────────┘
-#
-# OVERVIEW
-#
-#   αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε
-#
-# DESCRIPTION
-#
-#   This file defines the libraries, runtimes, and build rules needed to
-#   create executables from your Linux workstation that'll run anywhere.
-#   Loading this package will make certain systemic modifications to the
-#   build like turning off the System V "Red Zone" optimization, because
-#   αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblεs need to be able to run in kernelspace.
-
-PKGS += APE
-
-APE_FILES := $(wildcard ape/*.*)
-APE_HDRS = $(filter %.h,$(APE_FILES))
-APE_INCS = $(filter %.inc,$(APE_FILES))
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH), aarch64)
-
-APE = o/$(MODE)/ape/aarch64.lds
-
-APELINK =					\
-	$(COMPILE)				\
-	-ALINK.ape				\
-	$(LINK)					\
-	$(LINKARGS)				\
-	$(OUTPUT_OPTION) &&			\
-	$(COMPILE)				\
-	-AFIXUP.ape				\
-	-wT$@					\
-	$(FIXUPOBJ)				\
-	$@
-
-APE_SRCS = ape/ape.S ape/start.S ape/launch.S ape/systemcall.S
-APE_OBJS = o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o
-APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF = $(APE)
-APE_COPY_SELF = $(APE)
-
-.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape
-o/$(MODE)/ape: $(APE)
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/aarch64.lds:			\
-	ape/aarch64.lds				\
-	libc/zip.h				\
-	libc/thread/tls.h			\
-	libc/calls/struct/timespec.h		\
-	libc/macros.h				\
-	libc/str/str.h
-
-APE_LOADER_LDFLAGS =				\
-	-pie					\
-	-static					\
-	-nostdlib				\
-	--no-dynamic-linker			\
-	-z norelro				\
-	-z common-page-size=0x4000		\
-	-z max-page-size=0x4000
-
-APE_LOADER_FLAGS =				\
-	-DNDEBUG				\
-	-iquote.				\
-	-Wall					\
-	-Wextra					\
-	-fpie					\
-	-Os					\
-	-ffreestanding				\
-	-mgeneral-regs-only			\
-	-fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables		\
-	-fno-stack-protector			\
-	-fno-ident				\
-	-fno-gnu-unique				\
-	-c					\
-	 $(OUTPUT_OPTION)			\
-	$<
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf: o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf.dbg
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJCOPY -T$@ $(OBJCOPY) -g $< $@
-	@$(COMPILE) -AFIXUPOBJ -wT$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf.dbg:			\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/start.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/loader.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/launch.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/systemcall.o
-	@$(COMPILE) -ALINK.elf $(LD) $(APE_LOADER_LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(patsubst %.lds,-T %.lds,$^)
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/loader.o: ape/loader.c ape/ape.h
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(CC) -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=33 -g $(APE_LOADER_FLAGS)
-o/$(MODE)/ape/start.o: ape/start.S
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -c $<
-o/$(MODE)/ape/launch.o: ape/launch.S
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -c $<
-o/$(MODE)/ape/systemcall.o: ape/systemcall.S
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -c $<
-
-.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape
-o/$(MODE)/ape: o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf
-
-else
-
-APE =	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds
-
-APELINK =					\
-	$(COMPILE)				\
-	-ALINK.ape				\
-	$(LINK)					\
-	$(LINKARGS)				\
-	$(OUTPUT_OPTION) &&			\
-	$(COMPILE)				\
-	-AFIXUP.ape				\
-	-wT$@					\
-	$(FIXUPOBJ)				\
-	$@
-
-APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF =				\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o
-
-APE_COPY_SELF =					\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o
-
-APE_LOADER_FLAGS =				\
-	-DNDEBUG				\
-	-iquote.				\
-	-Wall					\
-	-Wextra					\
-	-Werror					\
-	-pedantic-errors			\
-	-fpie					\
-	-Os					\
-	-ffreestanding				\
-	-mgeneral-regs-only			\
-	-fno-stack-protector			\
-	-fno-ident				\
-	-fno-gnu-unique				\
-	-c					\
-	 $(OUTPUT_OPTION)			\
-	$<
-
-APE_SRCS_C = ape/loader.c
-APE_SRCS_S = $(filter %.S,$(APE_FILES))
-APE_SRCS = $(APE_SRCS_C) $(APE_SRCS_S)
-APE_OBJS = $(APE_SRCS_S:%.S=o/$(MODE)/%.o)
-APE_CHECKS = $(APE_HDRS:%=o/%.ok)
-
-o/ape/idata.inc:				\
-		ape/idata.internal.h		\
-		ape/relocations.h
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o:		\
-		ape/ape.S			\
-		ape/ape.h			\
-		ape/macros.internal.h		\
-		ape/relocations.h		\
-		ape/ape.internal.h		\
-		libc/dce.h			\
-		libc/elf/def.h			\
-		libc/thread/tls.h		\
-		libc/macho.h			\
-		libc/macros.h			\
-		libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h	\
-		libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h	\
-		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/e820.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/mman.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/pc.internal.h	\
-		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf
-	@$(COMPILE)				\
-		-AOBJECTIFY.S			\
-		$(OBJECTIFY.S)			\
-		$(OUTPUT_OPTION)		\
-		-DAPE_NO_MODIFY_SELF		\
-		-DAPE_LOADER='"o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf"' $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o:			\
-		ape/ape.S			\
-		ape/ape.h			\
-		ape/macros.internal.h		\
-		ape/relocations.h		\
-		ape/ape.internal.h		\
-		libc/dce.h			\
-		libc/elf/def.h			\
-		libc/thread/tls.h		\
-		libc/macho.h			\
-		libc/macros.h			\
-		libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h	\
-		libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h	\
-		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/e820.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/mman.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/pc.internal.h	\
-		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h
-	@$(COMPILE)				\
-		-AOBJECTIFY.S			\
-		$(OBJECTIFY.S)			\
-		$(OUTPUT_OPTION)		\
-		-DAPE_NO_MODIFY_SELF $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/loader.o: ape/loader.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(CC) -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121 -g $(APE_LOADER_FLAGS)
-o/$(MODE)/ape/loader-gcc.asm: ape/loader.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(CC) -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121 -S -g0 $(APE_LOADER_FLAGS)
-o/$(MODE)/ape/loader-clang.asm: ape/loader.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(CLANG) -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121 -S -g0 $(APE_LOADER_FLAGS)
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/loader-xnu.o: ape/loader.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(CC) -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=8 -g $(APE_LOADER_FLAGS)
-o/$(MODE)/ape/loader-xnu-gcc.asm: ape/loader.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(CC) -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=8 -S -g0 $(APE_LOADER_FLAGS)
-o/$(MODE)/ape/loader-xnu-clang.asm: ape/loader.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(CLANG) -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=8 -S -g0 $(APE_LOADER_FLAGS)
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf: o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf.dbg
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJBINCOPY -w $(OBJBINCOPY) -f -o $@ $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.macho: o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf.dbg
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJBINCOPY -w $(OBJBINCOPY) -fm -o $@ $<
-
-APE_LOADER_LDFLAGS =				\
-	-static					\
-	-nostdlib				\
-	--no-dynamic-linker			\
-	-z separate-code			\
-	-z common-page-size=0x1000		\
-	-z max-page-size=0x10000
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf.dbg:			\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/loader-macho.o	\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/start.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/loader.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/launch.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/systemcall.o	\
-		ape/loader.lds
-	@$(COMPILE) -ALINK.elf $(LD) $(APE_LOADER_LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(patsubst %.lds,-T %.lds,$^)
-
-.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape
-o/$(MODE)/ape:	$(APE_CHECKS)			\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.macho		\
-
-endif
-
-# these assembly files are safe to build on aarch64
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o:				\
-		ape/ape.S			\
-		ape/ape.h			\
-		libc/dce.h			\
-		libc/elf/def.h			\
-		ape/relocations.h		\
-		libc/thread/tls.h		\
-		ape/ape.internal.h		\
-		ape/macros.internal.h		\
-		libc/macho.h			\
-		libc/macros.h			\
-		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h		\
-		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/pc.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/e820.internal.h	\
-		libc/runtime/mman.internal.h	\
-		libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h	\
-		libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -c $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds:				\
-		ape/ape.lds			\
-		ape/macros.internal.h		\
-		ape/relocations.h		\
-		ape/ape.internal.h		\
-		libc/thread/tls.h		\
-		libc/calls/struct/timespec.h	\
-		libc/thread/thread.h		\
-		libc/dce.h			\
-		libc/elf/def.h			\
-		libc/elf/pf2prot.internal.h	\
-		libc/macros.h			\
-		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
-		libc/str/str.h			\
-		libc/zip.h

ape/aarch64.lds

@@ -1,301 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode: ld-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 2; coding: utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set et sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                         :vi │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/prot.h"
-#include "libc/thread/tls.h"
-
-ENTRY(_start)
-OUTPUT_ARCH(aarch64)
-OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf64-littleaarch64",
-              "elf64-bigaarch64",
-              "elf64-littleaarch64")
-
-SECTIONS {
-
-  . = SEGMENT_START("text-segment", 0x000800000000);
-  __executable_start = .;
-  . += SIZEOF_HEADERS;
-
-  .interp            : { *(.interp) }
-  .note.gnu.build-id : { *(.note.gnu.build-id) }
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-  .dynstr            : { *(.dynstr) }
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-  .rela.bss          : { *(.rela.bss .rela.bss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.b.*) }
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-    KEEP(*(.initprologue))
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-  .gcc_except_table : ONLY_IF_RO {
-    *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*)
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-  .gnu_extab : ONLY_IF_RO {
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-  .stab.exclstr       0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
-  .stab.index         0 : { *(.stab.index) }
-  .stab.indexstr      0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
-  .gnu.build.attributes : { *(.gnu.build.attributes .gnu.build.attributes.*) }
-  .debug              0 : { *(.debug) }
-  .line               0 : { *(.line) }
-  .debug_srcinfo      0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
-  .debug_sfnames      0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
-  .debug_aranges      0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
-  .debug_pubnames     0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
-  .debug_info         0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }
-  .debug_abbrev       0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
-  .debug_line         0 : { *(.debug_line .debug_line.* .debug_line_end) }
-  .debug_frame        0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
-  .debug_str          0 : { *(.debug_str) }
-  .debug_loc          0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
-  .debug_macinfo      0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
-  .debug_weaknames    0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
-  .debug_funcnames    0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
-  .debug_typenames    0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
-  .debug_varnames     0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
-  .debug_pubtypes     0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
-  .debug_ranges       0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
-  .debug_macro        0 : { *(.debug_macro) }
-  .debug_addr         0 : { *(.debug_addr) }
-  .debug_names        0 : { *(.debug_names) }
-  .debug_loclists     0 : { *(.debug_loclists) }
-  .debug_str_offsets  0 : { *(.debug_str_offsets) }
-  .ARM.attributes     0 : { KEEP(*(.ARM.attributes)) KEEP(*(.gnu.attributes)) }
-  .note.gnu.arm.ident 0 : { KEEP(*(.note.gnu.arm.ident)) }
-
-  .zip 0 : {
-    KEEP(*(.zip.file))
-    __zip_cdir_start = .;
-    KEEP(*(.zip.cdir))
-    __zip_cdir_size = . - __zip_cdir_start;
-    KEEP(*(.zip.eocd))
-  }
-
-  /DISCARD/ : {
-    *(__patchable_function_entries)
-    *(.GCC.command.line)
-    *(.note.GNU-stack)
-    *(.gnu_debuglink)
-    *(.text.windows)
-    *(.gnu.lto_*)
-    *(.eh_frame)
-    *(.idata.*)
-    *(.yoink)
-    *(.head)
-  }
-}
-
-ape_stack_vaddr = DEFINED(ape_stack_vaddr) ? ape_stack_vaddr : 0x700000000000;
-ape_stack_memsz = DEFINED(ape_stack_memsz) ? ape_stack_memsz : 8 * 1024 * 1024;
-ape_stack_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE;
-
-_tls_size = _tbss_end - _tdata_start;
-_tdata_size = _tdata_end - _tdata_start;
-_tbss_size = _tbss_end - _tbss_start;
-_tbss_offset = _tbss_start - _tdata_start;
-_tls_content = (_tdata_end - _tdata_start) + (_tbss_end - _tbss_start);
-_tdata_align = ALIGNOF(.tdata);
-_tbss_align = ALIGNOF(.tbss);
-_tls_align = MAX(TLS_ALIGNMENT, MAX(ALIGNOF(.tdata), ALIGNOF(.tbss)));

ape/ape.h

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_APE_APE_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_APE_APE_H_
-
-#define APE_VERSION_MAJOR 1
-#define APE_VERSION_MINOR 10
-#define APE_VERSION_STR   APE_VERSION_STR_(APE_VERSION_MAJOR, APE_VERSION_MINOR)
-#define APE_VERSION_NOTE  APE_VERSION_NOTE_(APE_VERSION_MAJOR, APE_VERSION_MINOR)
-
-#define APE_VERSION_STR__(x, y) #x "." #y
-#define APE_VERSION_STR_(x, y)  APE_VERSION_STR__(x, y)
-#define APE_VERSION_NOTE_(x, y) (100000000 * (x) + 1000000 * (y))
-
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_APE_APE_H_ */

ape/ape.internal.h

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_APE_APE_INTERNAL_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_APE_APE_INTERNAL_H_
-#include "libc/dce.h"
-
-#if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal() || SupportsXnu()
-#define APE_IS_SHELL_SCRIPT
-#endif
-
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_APE_APE_INTERNAL_H_ */

ape/ape.lds

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*-*- mode: ld-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 2; coding: utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set et sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                         :vi │
+│vi: set et sts=2 tw=2 fenc=utf-8                                           :vi│
 ╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
 │ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
 │                                                                              │
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
   entails two steps: (1) create a .com.dbg binary w/ Linux toolchain and
   then (2) unwrap the .com binary embedded within:
 
-    objcopy -S -O binary input.com.dbg output.com
+    objcopy -SO binary input.com.dbg output.com
 
   Both executables will work fine, but only the .com format is portable.
 
@@ -175,46 +175,32 @@
 
 #ifdef __LINKER__
 #include "ape/macros.internal.h"
-#include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
-#include "libc/dce.h"
-#include "libc/elf/def.h"
-#include "libc/elf/pf2prot.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nt/pedef.internal.h"
-#include "libc/thread/tls.h"
+#include "libc/zip.h"
-#include "ape/ape.internal.h"
-
-/* uncomment if .com.dbg won't execute on your kernel (will break .com file) */
-/* #define APE_FIX_COM_DBG */
-
-#ifdef __x86__
-#define CODE_GRANULE 1
-#else
-#define CODE_GRANULE 4
-#endif
-
-#ifdef APE_FIX_COM_DBG
-#define SKEW SIZEOF_HEADERS
-#else
-#define SKEW 0
-#endif
-
-#ifndef IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL
-#define IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL 0x400000
-#endif
-
-#if IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL > 0xffffffff
-#error "please use 32-bit addresses for image data"
-#endif
 
 ENTRY(_start)
 
+/* Plans real memory solution at linktime. */
+MEMORY {
+  PageZero :    org = 0x0000000000000000,  len = 0x0000000000001000
+  RealBss :     org = XLM_BASE_REAL,       len = XLM_SIZE
+  RealProgram : org = IMAGE_BASE_REAL,     len = 0x0000000000010000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL
+  RealScratch : org = REAL_SCRATCH_AREA,   len = REAL_STACK_FRAME - REAL_SCRATCH_AREA
+  RealStack :   org = REAL_STACK_FRAME,    len = 0x0000000000010000
+  EbdaMemory :  org = 0x0000000000080000,  len = 0x0000000000020000
+  VideoMemory : org = 0x00000000000a0000,  len = 0x0000000000020000
+  Romz :        org = 0x00000000000c0000,  len = 0x0000000000030000
+  BiosMemory :  org = 0x00000000000f0000,  len = 0x0000000000010000
+  SmallCode :   org = IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL, len = 0x0000000040000000 - IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL
+  ZipData :     org = 0x0000000040000000,  len = 0x0000000040000000
+}
+
 PHDRS {
-  Head PT_LOAD FLAGS(PF_X|PF_R);
+  Head PT_LOAD FLAGS(5);
-  Cod PT_LOAD FLAGS(PF_X|PF_R);
+  Rom PT_LOAD FLAGS(5);
-  Rom PT_LOAD FLAGS(PF_R);
+  Ram PT_LOAD FLAGS(6);
-  Tls PT_TLS FLAGS(PF_W|PF_R);
+  stack PT_GNU_STACK FLAGS(6);
-  Ram PT_LOAD FLAGS(PF_W|PF_R);
-  stack PT_GNU_STACK FLAGS(PF_W|PF_R);
 }
 
 SECTIONS {
@@ -224,67 +210,68 @@ SECTIONS {
 /*BEGIN: linux addressability guarantee */
 /*BEGIN: bsd addressability guarantee */
 
-  .head SEGMENT_START("text-segment", IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL) + SKEW : AT(IMAGE_BASE_REAL) {
+  .head SEGMENT_START("text-segment", IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL) : {
-    __executable_start = .;
+    HIDDEN(_base = .);
 
     /* Real Mode */
     KEEP(*(.head))
-    KEEP(*(.text.head))
+    . += 1;
 
     /* Executable & Linkable Format */
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
+    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 1);
-    ape_phdrs = .;
     KEEP(*(.elf.phdrs))
-    ape_phdrs_end = .;
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.phdrs.end = .);
+    . += 1;
 
     /* OpenBSD */
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
+    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 1);
-    ape_note = .;
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.note = .);
     KEEP(*(.note.openbsd.ident))
-    KEEP(*(.note.netbsd.ident))
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.note.end = .);
-    ape_note_end = .;
+    . += 1;
 
     /* Portable Executable */
     KEEP(*(.pe.header))
-    ape_pe_sections = .;
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.pe.sections = .);
     KEEP(*(.pe.sections))
-    ape_pe_sections_end = .;
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.pe.sections_end = .);
+    . += 1;
 
     /* Mach-O */
     KEEP(*(.macho))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
+    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
-    ape_macho_end = .;
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.macho.end = .);
-
+    . += 1;
-    /* APE loader */
-    KEEP(*(.ape.loader))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? CODE_GRANULE : 0);
 
     KEEP(*(.ape.pad.head))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? (SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal() ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 16) : 0);
+    . = ALIGN(4096); /* alignments only mandatory when impossible otherwise */
-    _ehead = .;
+    HIDDEN(_ehead = .);
-  } :Head
+  } AT>SmallCode :Head
 
 /*BEGIN: nt addressability guarantee */
 
   .text . : {
-    BYTE(0x90) /* TODO: fix blinkenlights symbol __map_phdrs */
     /* Code that needs to be addressable in Real Mode */
     *(.text.real)
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.text.real.*)))
-    _ereal = .;
+    *(.rodata.real)
+    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.rodata.real.*)))
+    HIDDEN(_ereal = .);
+
 /*END: realmode addressability guarantee */
-/*BEGIN: morphable code */
-    . += CODE_GRANULE;
 
     /* Normal Code */
     *(.start)
     KEEP(*(.initprologue))
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.init.*)))
-    KEEP(*(.init))
+    KEEP(*(SORT_NONE(.init)))
     KEEP(*(.initepilogue))
+    KEEP(*(.pltprologue))
     *(.plt)
+    KEEP(*(.pltepilogue))
+    KEEP(*(.pltgotprologue))
     *(.plt.got)
-    *(.iplt)
+    KEEP(*(.pltgotepilogue))
     *(.text.startup .text.startup.*)
     *(.text.exit .text.exit.*)
     *(.text.unlikely .text.*_unlikely .text.unlikely.*)
@@ -301,167 +288,129 @@ SECTIONS {
     *(.text .stub .text.*)
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.text.*)))
 
+    /* Won't support NX bit DRM for tiny executables */
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.piro.align = ABSOLUTE(. > APE_PIRO_THRESHOLD ? 0x1000 : 8));
+
+    /* Code that musn't be mapped in production */
     KEEP(*(.ape.pad.test));
+    . = ALIGN(.Lape.piro.align);
+    HIDDEN(__test_start = .);
     *(.test.unlikely)
     *(.test .test.*)
 
     /* Privileged code invulnerable to magic */
     KEEP(*(.ape.pad.privileged));
-    . = ALIGN(__privileged_end > __privileged_start ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 0);
+    . = ALIGN(.Lape.piro.align);
-/*END: morphable code */
+    HIDDEN(__privileged_start = .);
-    __privileged_start = .;
+    HIDDEN(__test_end = .);
-    *(.privileged .privileged.*)
+    . += 1;
-    __privileged_end = .;
+    *(.privileged)
-
-    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.text))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 0);
-/*END: Read Only Data (only needed for initialization) */
-  } :Cod
 
 /*BEGIN: Read Only Data */
 
-  .rodata ALIGN(CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE)) : {
+    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.rodata));
-    KEEP(*(.rodata.pytab.0));
+    . = ALIGN(.Lape.piro.align);
-    KEEP(*(.rodata.pytab.1));
+    . += 1;
-    KEEP(*(.rodata.pytab.2));
 
+    /* Nonspecific Read-Only Data */
     *(.rodata .rodata.*)
-    *(.ubsan.types)
+    . += 1;
-    *(.ubsan.data)
 
-    __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual = .;
+    /* Undefined Behavior Sanitizer Types */
-    *(.eh_frame_hdr)
+    HIDDEN(__ubsan_types_start = .);
-    __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual = .;
+    *(.ubsan.types)
+    HIDDEN(__ubsan_types_end = .);
+    . += 1;
+
+    /* Undefined Behavior Sanitizer Data */
+    HIDDEN(__ubsan_data_start = .);
+    *(.ubsan.data)
+    HIDDEN(__ubsan_data_end = .);
+
+    /* Unit Test & Fixture Registry */
+
+/*BEGIN: Read only data that needn't be mapped after initialization */
 
     /* Legal Notices */
-    __notices = .;
+#if !defined(IM_FEELING_NAUGHTY) || defined(EMBED_NOTICES)
-    KEEP(*(.notice))
+    KEEP(*(.commentprologue))
-    BYTE(0);
+    KEEP(*(.comment))
-    BYTE(10);
+    KEEP(*(.commentepilogue))
-    BYTE(10);
+#endif
 
-/*BEGIN: read-only data that's only needed for initialization */
-
-#if SupportsWindows()
     /* Windows DLL Import Directory */
     KEEP(*(.idata.ro));
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.idata.ro.*)))
-#endif
+    . += 1;
 
     /* Encoded Data Structures w/ Linear Initialization Order */
     KEEP(*(.initroprologue))
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.initro.*)))
     KEEP(*(.initroepilogue))
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.rodata.*)))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 0); /* don't delete this line :o */
 
-/*END: read-only data that's only needed for initialization */
+    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.text))
-
+    HIDDEN(.Lape.data.align = ABSOLUTE(PAGESIZE));
-  } :Rom
+    . = ALIGN(.Lape.data.align);
-
+    HIDDEN(_etext = .);
-/* initialization image for thread-local storage, this is copied */
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(etext = .);
-/* out to actual TLS areas at runtime, so just make it read-only */
+/*END: Read Only Data (only needed for initialization) */
-  .tdata . : {
-    _tdata_start = .;
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata))
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata.*))
-    _tdata_end = .;
-    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.rodata))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 0);
-    _etext = .;
-    PROVIDE(etext = .);
-  } :Tls :Rom
 /*END: Read Only Data */
-
+  } AT>SmallCode :Rom
-  . = ALIGN(CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE));
-
-/* this only tells the linker about the layout of uninitialized */
-/* TLS data, and does not advance the linker's location counter */
-  .tbss : {
-    _tbss_start = .;
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss))
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss.*))
-    KEEP(*(.fstls))
-    /* the %fs register is based on this location */
-    _tbss_end = .;
-  } :Tls
-
-  .eh_frame : {
-    __eh_frame_start = .;
-    KEEP(*(.eh_frame))
-    *(.eh_frame.*)
-    __eh_frame_end = .;
-  } :Ram
 
   .data . : {
 /*BEGIN: Read/Write Data */
-#if SupportsWindows()
-    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.data.sort.iat.*)))
-#endif
-/*BEGIN: NT FORK COPYING */
     KEEP(*(.dataprologue))
     *(.data .data.*)
-    *(.gnu_extab)
-    *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*)
-    *(.exception_ranges*)
-    *(.PyRuntime) /* for python */
-    *(.subrs) /* for emacs */
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.data.*)))
-    . += . > 0 ? CODE_GRANULE : 0;
+    . += . > 0 ? 1 : 0;
 
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
+    KEEP(*(.gotprologue))
-    __got_start = .;
     *(.got)
-    __got_end = .;
+    KEEP(*(.gotepilogue))
 
+    KEEP(*(.gotpltprologue))
     *(.got.plt)
-
+    KEEP(*(.gotpltepilogue))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
-    __init_array_start = .;
-    KEEP(*(.preinit_array))
-    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.init_array.*)
-           SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.ctors.*)))
-    KEEP(*(.init_array))
-    KEEP(*(.ctors))
-    __init_array_end = .;
-
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
-    __fini_array_start = .;
-    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.fini_array.*)
-           SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.dtors.*)))
-    KEEP(*(.fini_array))
-    KEEP(*(.dtors))
-    __fini_array_end = .;
 
 /*BEGIN: Post-Initialization Read-Only */
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
+    . = ALIGN(.Lape.piro.align);
+    HIDDEN(__piro_start = .);
+
+    QUAD(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
+
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(__init_array_start = .);
+    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.init_array.*)
+           SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.ctors.*)))
+    KEEP(*(SORT_NONE(.ctors)))
+    KEEP(*(SORT_NONE(.init_array)))
+    KEEP(*(SORT_NONE(.preinit_array)))
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(__init_array_end = .);
+
+    . += 1;
+    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(__fini_array_start = .);
+    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.fini_array.*)
+           SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.dtors.*)))
+    KEEP(*(SORT_NONE(.dtors)))
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(__fini_array_end = .);
+
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.relo.sort.*)))
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? __SIZEOF_POINTER__ : 0);
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(__relo_end = .);
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.data.sort.*)))
     KEEP(*(.piro.pad.data))
-    *(.igot.plt)
+    . = ALIGN(.Lape.data.align);
-    KEEP(*(.dataepilogue))
+    HIDDEN(_edata = .);
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 0);
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(edata = .);
-/*END: NT FORK COPYING */
+  } AT>SmallCode :Ram
-    _edata = .;
-    PROVIDE(edata = .);
-    _ezip = .; /* <-- very deprecated */
-  } :Ram
 
-  . = ALIGN(CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE));
+  .bss . : {
-
-/*END:   file content that's loaded by o/s */
-/*END:   file content */
-/*BEGIN: bss memory that's addressable */
-
-  .bss : {
-/*BEGIN: NT FORK COPYING */
-    KEEP(*(.bssprologue))
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.bss.init.*)))
     *(.piro.bss)
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.bss.sort.*)))
-    __piro_end = .;
+    . += 1;
-    . += . > 0 ? CODE_GRANULE : 0;
+    . = ALIGN(.Lape.piro.align);
+    HIDDEN(__piro_end = .);
 /*END: Post-Initialization Read-Only */
 
     /* Statically Allocated Empty Space */
@@ -471,25 +420,20 @@ SECTIONS {
 
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.bss.*)))
 
-    KEEP(*(.bssepilogue))
+    /* eXtreme Low Memory w/ Userspace Remapping */
+    . = ALIGN(0x1000);
+    *(.xlm)
+    . = ALIGN(0x1000);
 
-    . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 0);
+    HIDDEN(_end = .);
-
+    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(end = .);
-/*END: NT FORK COPYING */
+  } AT>SmallCode :Ram
-  } :Ram
-
-  . = ALIGN(CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE));
-  _end = .;
-  PROVIDE(end = .);
 
 /*END: nt addressability guarantee */
 /*END: bsd addressability guarantee */
 /*END: linux addressability guarantee */
 /*END: xnu addressability guarantee */
 
-  .shstrtab            : { *(.shstrtab) }
-  .strtab              : { *(.strtab) }
-  .symtab              : { *(.symtab) }
   .stab              0 : { *(.stab) }
   .stabstr           0 : { *(.stabstr) }
   .stab.excl         0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
@@ -508,7 +452,6 @@ SECTIONS {
   .debug_line        0 : { *(.debug_line .debug_line.* .debug_line_end ) }
   .debug_frame       0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
   .debug_str         0 : { *(.debug_str) }
-  .debug_line_str    0 : { *(.debug_line_str) }
   .debug_loc         0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
   .debug_macinfo     0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
   .debug_weaknames   0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
@@ -517,127 +460,100 @@ SECTIONS {
   .debug_varnames    0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
   .debug_pubtypes    0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
   .debug_ranges      0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
-  .debug_rnglists    0 : { *(.debug_rnglists) }
   .debug_macro       0 : { *(.debug_macro) }
   .debug_addr        0 : { *(.debug_addr) }
-  .debug_names       0 : { *(.debug_names) }
-  .debug_loclists    0 : { *(.debug_loclists) }
-  .debug_str_offsets 0 : { *(.debug_str_offsets) }
   .gnu.attributes    0 : { KEEP(*(.gnu.attributes)) }
   .GCC.command.line  0 : { *(.GCC.command.line) }
 
-  .zip 0 : {
-    KEEP(*(.zip.file))
-    __zip_cdir_start = .;
-    KEEP(*(.zip.cdir))
-    __zip_cdir_size = . - __zip_cdir_start;
-    KEEP(*(.zip.eocd))
-  }
-
   /DISCARD/ : {
-#if !SupportsWindows()
-    *(.idata.ro);
-    *(.idata.ro.*)
-    *(.piro.data.sort.iat.*)
-#endif
-    *(__patchable_function_entries)
-    *(.note.gnu.property)
-    *(__mcount_loc)
-    *(.rela.dyn)
     *(.discard)
     *(.yoink)
+    *(.*)
   }
 }
 
-ape_pe_filealignment = 512;
+PFSTUB8(.Lape.elf.entry, _start);
-ape_pe_sectionalignment = 4096;
+PFSTUB8(.Lape.elf.phoff, RVA(ape.phdrs));
-ape_pe_sizeofheaders = SIZEOF(.head);
+PFSTUB8(.Lape.elf.shoff, 0);
-ape_pe_sizeofimage = ROUNDUP(_end - __executable_start, ape_pe_sectionalignment);
+PFSTUB4(.Lape.elf.phnum, (.Lape.phdrs.end - ape.phdrs) / 56);
+PFSTUB4(.Lape.elf.shnum, 0);
+PFSTUB4(.Lape.elf.shstrndx, 0);
+SHSTUB2(.Lape.macho.dd.skip, RVA(ape.macho) / 8);
+SHSTUB2(.Lape.macho.dd.count, (.Lape.macho.end - ape.macho) / 8);
+PFSTUB4(.Lape.pe.offset, ape.pe - ape.mz);
 
-PFSTUB8(ape_elf_entry, _start);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.pe.optsz = .Lape.pe.sections - (ape.pe + 24));
-PFSTUB8(ape_elf_phoff, RVA(ape_phdrs));
+HIDDEN(.Lape.pe.shnum = (.Lape.pe.sections_end - .Lape.pe.sections) / 40);
-PFSTUB8(ape_elf_shoff, 0);
+HIDDEN(.Lidata.idtsize = idata.idtend - idata.idt);
-PFSTUB4(ape_elf_phnum, (ape_phdrs_end - ape_phdrs) / 56);
+HIDDEN(.Lidata.iatsize = idata.iatend - idata.iat);
-PFSTUB4(ape_elf_shnum, 0);
-PFSTUB4(ape_elf_shstrndx, 0);
 
-_tls_size = _tbss_end - _tdata_start;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.rom.offset = 0);
-_tdata_size = _tdata_end - _tdata_start;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.rom.vaddr = ADDR(.head));
-_tbss_size = _tbss_end - _tbss_start;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.rom.paddr = LOADADDR(.head));
-_tbss_offset = _tbss_start - _tdata_start;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.rom.filesz = LOADADDR(.data) - .Lape.rom.paddr);
-_tls_content = (_tdata_end - _tdata_start) + (_tbss_end - _tbss_start);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.rom.memsz = ADDR(.data) - ADDR(.head));
-_tdata_align = ALIGNOF(.tdata);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.rom.align = 0x1000);
-_tbss_align = ALIGNOF(.tbss);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.rom.rva = RVA(.Lape.rom.vaddr));
-_tls_align = MAX(TLS_ALIGNMENT, MAX(ALIGNOF(.tdata), ALIGNOF(.tbss)));
 
-ape_cod_offset = 0;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.ram.offset = .Lape.rom.offset + .Lape.rom.filesz);
-ape_cod_vaddr = ADDR(.head);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.ram.vaddr = ADDR(.data));
-ape_cod_paddr = LOADADDR(.head);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.ram.paddr = LOADADDR(.data));
-ape_cod_filesz = ADDR(.rodata) - ADDR(.head);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.ram.filesz = LOADADDR(.bss) - LOADADDR(.data));
-ape_cod_memsz = ape_cod_filesz;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.ram.memsz = ADDR(.bss) + SIZEOF(.bss) - .Lape.ram.vaddr);
-ape_cod_align = CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.ram.align = 0x1000);
-ape_cod_rva = RVA(ape_cod_vaddr);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.ram.rva = RVA(.Lape.ram.vaddr));
 
-ape_rom_vaddr = ADDR(.rodata);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.note.offset = .Lape.rom.offset + (.Lape.note - .Lape.rom.vaddr));
-ape_rom_offset = ape_rom_vaddr - __executable_start;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.note.vaddr = .Lape.note);
-ape_rom_paddr = LOADADDR(.rodata);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.note.paddr = .Lape.rom.paddr + .Lape.note.offset);
-ape_rom_filesz = ADDR(.tbss) - ADDR(.rodata);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.note.filesz = .Lape.note.end - .Lape.note);
-ape_rom_memsz = ape_rom_filesz;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.note.memsz = .Lape.note.filesz);
-ape_rom_align = CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.note.align = __SIZEOF_POINTER__);
-ape_rom_rva = RVA(ape_rom_vaddr);
 
-ape_ram_vaddr = ADDR(.eh_frame);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.text.offset = .Lape.rom.offset + LOADADDR(.text) - .Lape.rom.paddr);
-ape_ram_offset = ape_ram_vaddr - __executable_start;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.text.paddr = LOADADDR(.text));
-ape_ram_paddr = LOADADDR(.eh_frame);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.text.vaddr = ADDR(.text));
-ape_ram_filesz = ADDR(.bss) - ADDR(.eh_frame);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.text.filesz = SIZEOF(.text));
-ape_ram_memsz = _end - ADDR(.eh_frame);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.text.memsz = SIZEOF(.text));
-ape_ram_align = CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.text.align = 4096);
-ape_ram_rva = RVA(ape_ram_vaddr);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.text.rva = RVA(.Lape.text.vaddr));
 
-ape_stack_pf = DEFINED(ape_stack_pf) ? ape_stack_pf : PF_R | PF_W;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.data.offset = .Lape.ram.offset + LOADADDR(.data) - .Lape.ram.paddr);
-ape_stack_prot = _PF2PROT(ape_stack_pf);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.data.paddr = LOADADDR(.data));
-ape_stack_offset = 0;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.data.vaddr = ADDR(.data));
-ape_stack_vaddr = DEFINED(ape_stack_vaddr) ? ape_stack_vaddr : 0x700000000000;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.data.filesz = SIZEOF(.data));
-ape_stack_paddr = ape_ram_paddr + ape_ram_filesz;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.data.memsz = SIZEOF(.data));
-ape_stack_filesz = 0;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.data.align = 0x1000);
-ape_stack_memsz = DEFINED(ape_stack_memsz) ? ape_stack_memsz : 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.data.rva = RVA(.Lape.data.vaddr));
 
-ape_note_offset = ape_cod_offset + (ape_note - ape_cod_vaddr);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.bss.offset = .Lape.ram.offset + LOADADDR(.bss) - .Lape.ram.paddr);
-ape_note_filesz = ape_note_end - ape_note;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.bss.paddr = LOADADDR(.bss));
-ape_note_memsz = ape_note_filesz;
+HIDDEN(.Lape.bss.vaddr = ADDR(.bss));
+HIDDEN(.Lape.bss.filesz = 0);
+HIDDEN(.Lape.bss.memsz = SIZEOF(.bss));
+HIDDEN(.Lape.bss.align = .Lape.data.align);
 
-ape_text_vaddr = ADDR(.text);
+/* Program Loader Auto-Tune */
-ape_text_offset = ape_text_vaddr - __executable_start;
+HIDDEN(v_ape_realsectors =
-ape_text_paddr = LOADADDR(.text);
+           MIN(REAL_SCRATCH_AREA - IMAGE_BASE_REAL,
-ape_text_filesz = ADDR(.rodata) - ADDR(.text);
+               ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 4096)) / 512);
-ape_text_memsz = ape_text_filesz;
+HIDDEN(v_ape_realpages = v_ape_realsectors / (4096 / 512));
-ape_text_align = CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_highsectors =
-ape_text_rva = RVA(ape_text_vaddr);
+           (ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 512) / 512) - v_ape_realsectors);
 
-__eh_frame_hdr_start = __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual > __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual ? __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual : 0;
+/* Windows NT Auto-Subsystem Embedding */
-__eh_frame_hdr_end = __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual > __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual ? __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual : 0;
+HIDDEN(v_ntsubsystem = (DEFINED(GetMessage)
+                        ? kNtImageSubsystemWindowsGui
+                        : kNtImageSubsystemWindowsCui));
 
-/* we roundup here because xnu wants the file load segments page-aligned */
+/* ZIP End of Central Directory header */
-/* but we don't want to add the nop padding to the ape program, so we'll */
+#define ZIPCONST(NAME, VAL) HIDDEN(NAME = DEFINED(__zip_start) ? VAL : 0);
-/* let ape.S dd read past the end of the file into the wrapping binaries */
+ZIPCONST(v_zip_cdoffset, __zip_start - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
-SHSTUB2(ape_loader_dd_skip, DEFINED(ape_loader) ? RVA(ape_loader) / 64 : 0);
+ZIPCONST(v_zip_cdirsize, __zip_end - __zip_start);
-SHSTUB2(ape_loader_dd_count,
+ZIPCONST(v_zip_records, v_zip_cdirsize / kZipCdirHdrLinkableSize);
-        DEFINED(ape_loader_end)
+ZIPCONST(v_zip_commentsize, _edata - __zip_end - kZipCdirHdrMinSize);
-            ? ROUNDUP(ape_loader_end - ape_loader, CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE)) / 64
-            : 0);
 
-#if SupportsMetal()
+/* Generates deterministic ID for Mach-O. */
-v_ape_realsectors = MIN(0x70000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL, ROUNDUP(RVA(_ezip), 512)) / 512;
-v_ape_realbytes = v_ape_realsectors * 512;
-v_ape_realdwords = v_ape_realsectors * (512 / 4);
-v_ape_allsectors = ROUNDUP(RVA(_ezip), 512) / 512;
-v_ape_allbytes = v_ape_allsectors * 512;
-v_ape_highsectors = MIN(0xffff, v_ape_allsectors - v_ape_realsectors);
-TSSDESCSTUB2(_tss, _tss, _tss_end ? _tss_end - _tss - 1 : 0);
-#endif
-
-#if SupportsXnu()
-/* Generates deterministic ID. */
 #define PHI 0x9e3779b9925d4c17
 #define XOR(X,Y) ((X | Y) - (X & Y))
 #define XORSHIFT(X,Y)    \
@@ -650,125 +566,97 @@ TSSDESCSTUB2(_tss, _tss, _tss_end ? _tss_end - _tss - 1 : 0);
   X = (X + (Y >> 020) & 0xFF) * PHI; \
   X = (X + (Y >> 030) & 0xFF) * PHI
 #define CHURN(X)        \
-  XORSHIFT(ape_uuid1, X); \
+  XORSHIFT(uuid1_, X); \
-  KMH(ape_uuid1, X);      \
+  KMH(uuid1_, X);      \
-  XORSHIFT(ape_uuid2, X); \
+  XORSHIFT(uuid2_, X); \
-  KMH(ape_uuid2, X)
+  KMH(uuid2_, X)
-ape_uuid1 = 88172645463325252;
+
-ape_uuid2 = 88172645463325252;
+HIDDEN(uuid1_ = 88172645463325252);
-CHURN(ape_elf_entry);
+HIDDEN(uuid2_ = 88172645463325252);
-CHURN(ape_elf_phnum);
+
-CHURN(ape_elf_phoff);
+CHURN(.Lape.bss.align);
-CHURN(ape_elf_shnum);
+CHURN(.Lape.bss.filesz);
-CHURN(ape_elf_shoff);
+CHURN(.Lape.bss.memsz);
-CHURN(ape_elf_shstrndx);
+CHURN(.Lape.bss.offset);
-CHURN(ape_macho_end);
+CHURN(.Lape.bss.paddr);
-CHURN(ape_note);
+CHURN(.Lape.data.align);
-CHURN(ape_note_end);
+CHURN(.Lape.data.filesz);
-CHURN(ape_note_filesz);
+CHURN(.Lape.data.memsz);
-CHURN(ape_note_memsz);
+CHURN(.Lape.data.offset);
-CHURN(ape_note_offset);
+CHURN(.Lape.data.paddr);
-CHURN(ape_ram_align);
+CHURN(.Lape.data.rva);
-CHURN(ape_ram_filesz);
+CHURN(.Lape.data.vaddr);
-CHURN(ape_ram_memsz);
+CHURN(.Lape.elf.entry);
-CHURN(ape_ram_offset);
+CHURN(.Lape.elf.phnum);
-CHURN(ape_ram_paddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.elf.phoff);
-CHURN(ape_ram_rva);
+CHURN(.Lape.elf.shnum);
-CHURN(ape_ram_vaddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.elf.shoff);
-CHURN(ape_rom_align);
+CHURN(.Lape.elf.shstrndx);
-CHURN(ape_rom_filesz);
+CHURN(.Lape.macho.end);
-CHURN(ape_rom_memsz);
+CHURN(.Lape.note);
-CHURN(ape_rom_offset);
+CHURN(.Lape.note.align);
-CHURN(ape_rom_paddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.note.end);
-CHURN(ape_rom_rva);
+CHURN(.Lape.note.filesz);
-CHURN(ape_cod_vaddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.note.memsz);
-CHURN(ape_cod_align);
+CHURN(.Lape.note.offset);
-CHURN(ape_cod_filesz);
+CHURN(.Lape.note.paddr);
-CHURN(ape_cod_memsz);
+CHURN(.Lape.note.vaddr);
-CHURN(ape_cod_offset);
+CHURN(.Lape.pe.offset);
-CHURN(ape_cod_paddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.pe.optsz);
-CHURN(ape_cod_rva);
+CHURN(.Lape.pe.sections);
-CHURN(ape_cod_vaddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.pe.sections_end);
-CHURN(ape_text_align);
+CHURN(.Lape.pe.shnum);
-CHURN(ape_text_filesz);
+CHURN(.Lape.phdrs.end);
-CHURN(ape_text_memsz);
+CHURN(.Lape.ram.align);
-CHURN(ape_text_offset);
+CHURN(.Lape.ram.filesz);
-CHURN(ape_text_paddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.ram.memsz);
-CHURN(ape_text_rva);
+CHURN(.Lape.ram.offset);
-CHURN(ape_text_vaddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.ram.paddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.ram.rva);
+CHURN(.Lape.ram.vaddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.rom.align);
+CHURN(.Lape.rom.filesz);
+CHURN(.Lape.rom.memsz);
+CHURN(.Lape.rom.offset);
+CHURN(.Lape.rom.paddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.rom.rva);
+CHURN(.Lape.rom.vaddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.text.align);
+CHURN(.Lape.text.filesz);
+CHURN(.Lape.text.memsz);
+CHURN(.Lape.text.offset);
+CHURN(.Lape.text.paddr);
+CHURN(.Lape.text.rva);
+CHURN(.Lape.text.vaddr);
 CHURN(ADDR(.bss));
-CHURN(_start);
-CHURN(ape_phdrs);
-#if SupportsMetal()
-CHURN(v_ape_allsectors);
-#endif
-#if SupportsXnu()
-CHURN(ape_macho);
-#endif
-#if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
-CHURN(ape_mz);
-CHURN(ape_pe);
-CHURN(ape_pe_offset);
-CHURN(ape_pe_optsz);
-CHURN(ape_pe_sections);
-CHURN(ape_pe_sections_end);
-CHURN(ape_pe_shnum);
-CHURN(ape_phdrs_end);
 CHURN(WinMain);
-#endif /* SupportsWindows() */
+CHURN(_start);
-#endif /* SupportsXnu() */
+CHURN(ape.macho);
+CHURN(ape.mz);
+CHURN(ape.pe);
+CHURN(ape.phdrs);
+CHURN(v_ape_realsectors);
 
-#if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
+ASSERT(ape.mz == IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL, "linker panic");
-#define LINK_WINDOWS (SupportsWindows() && !DEFINED(EfiMain))
-PFSTUB4(ape_pe_offset, ape_pe - ape_mz);
-ape_pe_optsz = ape_pe_sections - (ape_pe + 24);
-ASSERT(ape_pe_optsz % 8 == 0, "SizeOfOptionalHeader must be multiple of 8");
-ape_pe_shnum = (ape_pe_sections_end - ape_pe_sections) / 40;
-ape_pe_base = IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL;
-ape_idataz = LINK_WINDOWS ? RVA(ape_idata_iat) : 0;
-ape_idata_iatsize = LINK_WINDOWS ? ape_idata_iatend - ape_idata_iat : 0;
-ape_idata = LINK_WINDOWS ? RVA(ape_idata_idt) : 0;
-ape_idata_idtsize = LINK_WINDOWS ? ape_idata_idtend - ape_idata_idt : 0;
-v_ntdllchar = LINK_WINDOWS ? 288 : 0;
-v_ntsubversion = LINK_WINDOWS ? 6 : 5;
-v_ntsubsystem = (LINK_WINDOWS
-                 ? (DEFINED(GetMessage)
-                    ? kNtImageSubsystemWindowsGui
-                    : kNtImageSubsystemWindowsCui)
-                 : kNtImageSubsystemEfiApplication);
-ape_pe_entry = LINK_WINDOWS ? WinMain : EfiMain;
-#endif
-
-#if SupportsXnu()
-SHSTUB2(ape_macho_dd_skip, RVA(ape_macho) / 8);
-SHSTUB2(ape_macho_dd_count, (ape_macho_end - ape_macho) / 8);
-#endif
-
-ASSERT(DEFINED(ape_mz) ? ape_mz == IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL : 1, "linker panic");
 ASSERT((DEFINED(__init_bss_end) ? __init_bss_end : 0) % __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 0,
        "__init_bss misalign");
 ASSERT(((DEFINED(__init_rodata_end) ? __init_rodata_end : 0) %
         __SIZEOF_POINTER__ == 0),
        "__init_rodata misalign");
 
-ASSERT((!DEFINED(ape_grub) ? 1 : RVA(ape_grub) < 8192),
+ASSERT((!DEFINED(ape.grub) ? 1 : RVA(ape.grub) < 8192),
        "grub stub needs to be in first 8kb of image");
 
-ASSERT(IS2POW(ape_stack_memsz),
+ASSERT(DEFINED(_start) || DEFINED(_start16),
-       "ape_stack_memsz must be a two power");
+       "please link a _start() or _start16() entrypoint");
 
-ASSERT(ape_stack_vaddr % ape_stack_memsz == 0,
+ASSERT(!DEFINED(_start16) || REAL(_end) < 65536,
-       "ape_stack_vaddr must have ape_stack_memsz alignment; try using STATIC_STACK_ADDR(0x700000040000 & -ape_stack_memsz);");
+       "ape won't support non-tiny real mode programs");
-
-ASSERT(ALIGNOF(.tdata) <= TLS_ALIGNMENT && ALIGNOF(.tbss) <= TLS_ALIGNMENT,
-       "_Thread_local _Alignof can't exceed TLS_ALIGNMENT");
-
-ASSERT(DEFINED(main), "main() function not defined");
 
 /* Let's not be like Knight Capital. */
 /* NOCROSSREFS_TO(.test .text) */
 
-/* ASSERT(ape_sysv_start == ape_text_vaddr, */
+/* ASSERT(ape_sysv_start == .Lape.text.vaddr, */
 /*        "ape_sysv_start() must be first in .text"); */
 
 #endif /* __LINKER__ */

ape/ape.mk

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This file defines the libraries, runtimes, and build rules needed to
+#   create executables from your Linux workstation that'll run anywhere.
+#   Loading this package will make certain systemic modifications to the
+#   build like turning off the System V "Red Zone" optimization, because
+#   αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblεs need to be able to run in kernelspace.
+
+PKGS += APE
+
+APE =	$(APE_DEPS)			\
+	$(APE_OBJS)			\
+	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds
+
+APELINK =				\
+	ACTION=LINK.ape 		\
+	$(MKDIR) $(@D) &&		\
+	$(LINK)				\
+	$(LINKARGS)			\
+	$(OUTPUT_OPTION) &&		\
+	$(STRIP)			\
+	-X $@ &&			\
+	$(GZ)				\
+	$(ZFLAGS)			\
+	-f $@.map
+
+APE_FILES := $(wildcard ape/*.*)
+APE_HDRS = $(filter %.h,$(APE_FILES))
+APE_SRCS = $(filter %.S,$(APE_FILES))
+APE_OBJS = $(APE_SRCS:%.S=o/$(MODE)/%.o)
+APE_DEPS = $(APE_LIB)
+APE_CHECKS = $(APE_HDRS:%=o/%.ok)
+
+o/ape/idata.inc:			\
+		ape/idata.internal.h	\
+		ape/relocations.h
+
+$(APE_OBJS):	$(BUILD_FILES)		\
+		ape/ape.mk
+
+.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape
+o/$(MODE)/ape:	$(APE)			\
+		$(APE_CHECKS)		\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/lib

ape/apeinstall.sh

@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-PROG=${0##*/}
-MODE=${MODE:-$m}
-TMPDIR=${TMPDIR:-/tmp}
-COSMO=${COSMO:-/opt/cosmo}
-COSMOS=${COSMOS:-/opt/cosmos}
-
-if [ ! -f ape/loader.c ]; then
-  cd "$COSMO" || exit
-fi
-
-if [ -x .cosmocc/current/bin/make ]; then
-  MAKE=.cosmocc/current/bin/make
-else
-  MAKE=make
-fi
-
-if [ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ]; then
-  SUDO=
-elif command -v sudo >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  SUDO=sudo
-elif command -v doas >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  SUDO=doas
-else
-  echo "need root or sudo" >&2
-  exit
-fi
-
-if command -v install >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  if [ x"$(uname -s)" = xLinux ]; then
-    INSTALL="install -o root -g root -m 755"
-  else
-    INSTALL="install -o root -g wheel -m 755"
-  fi
-else
-  INSTALL="cp -f"
-fi
-
-echo "Actually Portable Executable (APE) Installer" >&2
-echo "Author:  Justine Tunney <jtunney@gmail.com>"  >&2
-
-# special installation process for apple silicon
-if [ x"$(uname -s)" = xDarwin ] && [ x"$(uname -m)" = xarm64 ]; then
-  echo "cc -O -o $TMPDIR/ape.$$ ape/ape-m1.c" >&2
-  cc -O -o "$TMPDIR/ape.$$" ape/ape-m1.c || exit
-  trap 'rm "$TMPDIR/ape.$$"' EXIT
-  if [ ! -d /usr/local/bin ]; then
-    echo "$SUDO mkdir -p /usr/local/bin" >&2
-    $SUDO mkdir -p /usr/local/bin || exit
-  fi
-  echo "$SUDO $INSTALL $TMPDIR/ape.$$ /usr/local/bin/ape" >&2
-  $SUDO $INSTALL "$TMPDIR/ape.$$" /usr/local/bin/ape || exit
-  exit
-fi
-
-if [ x"$(uname -m)" = xarm64 ] || [ x"$(uname -m)" = xaarch64 ]; then
-  MODE=aarch64
-  EXT=elf
-  BEXT=aarch64
-elif [ x"$(uname -m)" = xx86_64 ]; then
-  MODE=
-  if [ x"$(uname -s)" = xDarwin ]; then
-    EXT=macho
-  else
-    EXT=elf
-  fi
-  BEXT=$EXT
-else
-  echo "unsupported architecture $(uname -m)" >&2
-  exit
-fi
-
-################################################################################
-# INSTALL APE LOADER SYSTEMWIDE
-
-if [ -f o/$MODE/depend ] && $MAKE -j8 o/$MODE/ape; then
-  echo "successfully recompiled ape loader" >&2
-elif [ -x o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT ]; then
-  echo "using ape loader you compiled earlier" >&2
-elif [ -d build/bootstrap ]; then
-  # if make isn't being used then it's unlikely the user changed the sources
-  # in that case the prebuilt binaries should be completely up-to-date
-  echo "using prebuilt ape loader from cosmo repo" >&2
-  mkdir -p o/$MODE/ape || exit
-  cp -af build/bootstrap/ape.$BEXT o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT || exit
-else
-  echo "no cosmopolitan libc repository here" >&2
-  echo "fetching ape loader from justine.lol" >&2
-  mkdir -p o/$MODE/ape || exit
-  if command -v wget >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    wget -qO o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT https://justine.lol/ape.$BEXT || exit
-  else
-    curl -Rso o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT https://justine.lol/ape.$BEXT || exit
-  fi
-  chmod +x o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT || exit
-fi
-
-if ! [ /usr/bin/ape -nt o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT ]; then
-  echo >&2
-  echo "installing o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT to /usr/bin/ape" >&2
-  echo "$SUDO $INSTALL o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT /usr/bin/ape" >&2
-  $SUDO $INSTALL o/$MODE/ape/ape.$EXT /usr/bin/ape || exit
-  echo "done" >&2
-fi
-
-################################################################################
-# REGISTER APE LOADER WITH BINFMT_MISC TOO (LINUX-ONLY)
-
-if [ x"$(uname -s)" = xLinux ]; then
-
-  if [ -e /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE ]; then
-    echo >&2
-    echo it looks like APE is already registered with binfmt_misc >&2
-    echo To reinstall please run ape/apeuninstall.sh first >&2
-    echo please check that it is mapped to ape not /bin/sh >&2
-    echo cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE >&2
-    cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE >&2
-    exit
-  fi
-
-  if ! [ -e /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc ]; then
-    echo >&2
-    echo loading binfmt_misc into your kernel >&2
-    echo you may need to edit configs to persist across reboot >&2
-    echo $SUDO modprobe binfmt_misc >&2
-    $SUDO modprobe binfmt_misc || exit
-    echo done >&2
-  fi
-
-  if ! [ -e /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register ]; then
-    echo >&2
-    echo mounting binfmt_misc into your kernel >&2
-    echo you may need to edit configs to persist across reboot >&2
-    echo $SUDO mount -t binfmt_misc none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc >&2
-    $SUDO mount -t binfmt_misc none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc || exit
-    echo done >&2
-  fi
-
-  uname_r="$(uname -r)"
-  if printf '%s\n%s\n' 5.12 "$uname_r" | sort -CV; then
-    FLAGS=FP
-  else
-    FLAGS=F
-  fi
-
-  echo >&2
-  echo registering APE with binfmt_misc >&2
-  echo you may need to edit configs to persist across reboot >&2
-  echo '$SUDO sh -c "echo '"'"':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:'"$FLAGS'"' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"' >&2
-  $SUDO sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:$FLAGS' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register" || exit
-  echo '$SUDO sh -c "echo '"'"':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:'"$FLAGS'"' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"' >&2
-  $SUDO sh -c "echo ':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:$FLAGS' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register" || exit
-  echo done >&2
-
-  if [ x"$(cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status)" = xdisabled ]; then
-    echo >&2
-    echo enabling binfmt_misc >&2
-    echo you may need to edit configs to persist across reboot >&2
-    echo $SUDO sh -c 'echo 1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status' >&2
-    $SUDO sh -c 'echo 1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status' || exit
-    echo done >&2
-  fi
-
-fi
-
-################################################################################
-
-{
-  echo
-  echo "------------------------------------------------------------------"
-  echo
-  echo "APE INSTALL COMPLETE"
-  echo
-  echo "If you decide to uninstall APE later on"
-  echo "you may do so using ape/apeuninstall.sh"
-  echo
-  echo "Enjoy your APE loader (>'.')>"
-  echo
-} >&2

ape/apeuninstall.sh

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-PROG=${0##*/}
-MODE=${MODE:-$m}
-COSMO=${COSMO:-/opt/cosmo}
-COSMOS=${COSMOS:-/opt/cosmos}
-
-if [ ! -f ape/loader.c ]; then
-  cd "$COSMO" || exit
-fi
-
-if [ "$UID" = "0" ]; then
-  SUDO=
-elif command -v sudo >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  SUDO=sudo
-elif command -v doas >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  SUDO=doas
-else
-  echo "need root or sudo" >&2
-  exit
-fi
-
-{
-  echo
-  echo "APE Uninstaller intends to run (in pseudo-shell)"
-  echo
-  echo "    sudo echo -1 into /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE*"
-  echo "    sudo rm -f /usr/bin/ape ~/.ape /tmp/.ape # etc."
-  echo
-  echo "You may then use ape/apeinstall.sh to reinstall it"
-  echo
-} >&2
-
-set -ex
-for f in /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE*; do
-  if [ -f $f ]; then
-    $SUDO sh -c "echo -1 >$f" || exit
-  fi
-done
-
-# system installation
-if [ -f /usr/bin/ape ]; then
-  $SUDO rm -f /usr/bin/ape
-fi
-if [ -f /usr/local/bin/ape ]; then
-  $SUDO rm -f /usr/local/bin/ape
-fi
-
-# legacy installations
-rm -f o/tmp/ape /tmp/ape "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/ape"
-
-# ad-hoc installations
-for x in .ape \
-         .ape-1.1 \
-         .ape-1.3 \
-         .ape-1.4 \
-         .ape-1.5 \
-         .ape-1.6 \
-         .ape-1.7 \
-         .ape-1.8 \
-         .ape-1.9 \
-         .ape-1.10; do
-  rm -f \
-     ~/$x \
-     /tmp/$x \
-     o/tmp/$x \
-     "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/$x"
-done

ape/config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#ifndef APE_CONFIG_H_
+#define APE_CONFIG_H_
+#include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+
+/*
+ * Post-Initialization Read-Only Code Size Threshold.
+ *
+ * An executable needs to have at least this much code, before the
+ * linker adds non-mandatory 4kb alignments. The benefit is better
+ * memory protection. The tradeoff is sparser binaries.
+ */
+#ifndef APE_PIRO_THRESHOLD
+#ifdef CONFIG_DBG
+#define APE_PIRO_THRESHOLD 0x1000
+#else
+#define APE_PIRO_THRESHOLD 0x10000
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef METAL_STDIN
+#define METAL_STDIN COM1
+#endif
+#ifndef METAL_STDOUT
+#define METAL_STDOUT COM1
+#endif
+#ifndef METAL_STDERR
+#define METAL_STDERR COM1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef VIDYA_MODE
+#define VIDYA_MODE VIDYA_MODE_CGA
+#endif
+
+/* FPU Control Word (x87) Exception Masks
+   @see Intel Manual V1 §8.1.5
+
+       IM: Invalid Operation ───────────────┐
+       DM: Denormal Operand ───────────────┐│
+       ZM: Zero Divide ───────────────────┐││
+       OM: Overflow ─────────────────────┐│││
+       UM: Underflow ───────────────────┐││││
+       PM: Precision ──────────────────┐│││││
+      PC: Precision Control ────────┐  ││││││
+       {float,∅,double,long double} │  ││││││
+      RC: Rounding Control ───────┐ │  ││││││
+       {even, →-∞, →+∞, →0}       │┌┤  ││││││
+                                 ┌┤││  ││││││
+                                d││││rr││││││*/
+#define X87_NORMAL    0b000000000001101111111
+#define X87_DTOA      0b000000000001000000000
+#define X87_DTOA_MASK 0b000000000001100000000
+#ifndef X87_DEFAULT
+#define X87_DEFAULT X87_NORMAL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UART_BAUD_RATE
+#define UART_BAUD_RATE 9600 /* bits per second ∈ [50,115200] */
+#endif
+#define UART_CONF_DLR (1843200 /*hz*/ / 16 /*wut*/ / (UART_BAUD_RATE))
+#ifndef UART_CONF_IIR
+/*                      ┌interrupt trigger level {1,4,8,14}
+                        │ ┌enable 64 byte fifo (UART 16750+)
+                        │ │ ┌select dma mode
+                        │ │ │┌clear transmit fifo
+                        │ │ ││┌clear receive fifo
+                        ├┐│ │││┌enable fifos*/
+#define UART_CONF_IIR 0b00000000
+#endif
+#ifndef UART_CONF_LCR
+/*                      ┌dlab: flips configuration mode state
+                        │┌enable break signal
+                        ││ ┌parity {none,odd,even,high,low}
+                        ││ │ ┌extra stop bit
+                        ││ │ │┌data word length (bits+5)
+                        ││┌┴┐│├┐*/
+#define UART_CONF_LCR 0b01000011
+#endif
+
+#define XLM(VAR)                            (XLM_BASE_REAL + XLM_##VAR)
+#define XLMV(VAR)                           (__xlm + XLM_##VAR)
+#define XLM_BASE_REAL                       0x1000
+#define XLM_E820                            0
+#define XLM_E820_SIZE                       0x2000
+#define XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA                  0x2000
+#define XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE             256
+#define XLM_DRIVE_BASE_TABLE                0x2200 /* drive values are contiguous */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_BASE_TABLE_SIZE           11
+#define XLM_DRIVE_TYPE                      0x220b
+#define XLM_DRIVE_TYPE_SIZE                 1
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_SECTOR               0x220c /* 1-based inclusive, e.g. 18 */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_SECTOR_SIZE          1
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_CYLINDER             0x220d /* 0-based incl, e.g. 79 */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_CYLINDER_SIZE        2
+#define XLM_DRIVE_ATTACHED                  0x220f
+#define XLM_DRIVE_ATTACHED_SIZE             1
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_HEAD                 0x2210 /* 0-based inclusive, e.g. 1 */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_HEAD_SIZE            1
+#define XLM_DRIVE                           0x2211
+#define XLM_DRIVE_SIZE                      1
+#define XLM_HAVEEXTMEMKB                    0x2212
+#define XLM_HAVEEXTMEMKB_SIZE               4
+#define XLM_VIDEO_POSITION_FAR_POINTER      0x2216 /* video cursor far pointer */
+#define XLM_VIDEO_POSITION_FAR_POINTER_SIZE 4
+#define XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER        0x2220
+#define XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER_SIZE   8
+#define XLM_BADIDT                          0x2230
+#define XLM_BADIDT_SIZE                     6
+#define XLM_LOADSTATE                       0x2240
+#define XLM_LOADSTATE_SIZE                  8
+#define XLM_SIZE                            ROUNDUP(XLM_LOADSTATE + XLM_LOADSTATE_SIZE, 0x1000)
+#define IMAGE_BASE_REAL                     (XLM_BASE_REAL + XLM_SIZE)
+
+#if !defined(__LINKER__) && !defined(__ASSEMBLER__)
+extern char __xlm[XLM_SIZE];
+#endif /* !defined(__LINKER__) && !defined(__ASSEMBLER__) */
+
+#endif /* APE_CONFIG_H_ */

ape/idata.internal.h

@@ -1,114 +1,92 @@
-/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                 :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #ifndef APE_IDATA_H_
 #define APE_IDATA_H_
 #ifdef __ASSEMBLER__
 #include "ape/relocations.h"
 /* clang-format off */
 
-//	Links function from external DLL.
+/	Links function from external DLL.
-//
+/
-//	This embeds a function pointer in the binary. The NT Executive
+/	This embeds a function pointer in the binary. The NT Executive
-//	fills its value before control is handed off to the program.
+/	fills its value before control is handed off to the program.
-//
+/
-//	@note	only ELF toolchains are powerful enough to use this
+/	@note	only ELF toolchains are powerful enough to use this
-//	@see	libc/nt/master.sh
+/	@see	libc/nt/master.sh
-//	@see	ape/ape.lds
+/	@see	ape/ape.lds
-//	@see	winimp
+/	@see	winimp
-.macro	.imp	dll:req fn:req actual:req
+.macro	.imp	dll:req fn:req actual:req hint
-#ifdef __x86_64__
+	.dll	\dll
-	.dll	"\dll"
+	.section .piro.data.sort.iat.2.\dll\().2.\actual,"aw",@progbits
-	.section ".piro.data.sort.iat.2.\dll\().2.\actual","aw",@progbits
 	.type	\fn,@object
 	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-\fn:	.quad	RVA(("\dll\().\actual"))
+\fn:	.quad	RVA((\dll\().\actual))
 	.size	\fn,.-\fn
 	.globl	\fn
 	.hidden	\fn
 	.previous
-	.section ".idata.ro.ilt.\dll\().2.\actual","a",@progbits
+	.section .idata.ro.ilt.\dll\().2.\actual,"a",@progbits
-"idata.ilt.\dll\().\actual":
+.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual:
-	.quad	RVA("\dll\().\actual")
+	.quad	RVA((\dll\().\actual))
-	.type	"idata.ilt.\dll\().\actual",@object
+	.type	.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual,@object
-	.size	"idata.ilt.\dll\().\actual",.-"idata.ilt.\dll\().\actual"
+	.size	.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual,.-.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual
 	.previous
-	.section ".idata.ro.hnt.\dll\().2.\actual","a",@progbits
+	.section .idata.ro.hnt.\dll\().2.\actual,"a",@progbits
-"\dll\().\actual":
+\dll\().\actual:
-	.short	0			// hint
+	.ifnb	\hint			# hint i.e. guess function ordinal
+	.short	\hint
+	.else
+	.short	0
+	.endif
 	.asciz	"\actual"
-	.align	2			// documented requirement
+	.align	2			# documented requirement
-	.globl	"\dll\().\actual"
+	.globl	\dll\().\actual
-	.hidden	"\dll\().\actual"
+	.hidden	\dll\().\actual
-	.type	"\dll\().\actual",@object
+	.type	\dll\().\actual,@object
-	.size	"\dll\().\actual",.-"\dll\().\actual"
+	.size	\dll\().\actual,.-\dll\().\actual
 	.previous
-#else
-	.section ".data.nt.\actual","aw",@progbits
-	.globl	"\fn"
-	.balign	8
-	.weak	"\actual"
-"\fn":	.quad	"\actual"
-#endif
 .endm
 
-//	Defines DLL import.
+/	Defines DLL import.
-//	@note	this is an implementation detail of .imp
+/	@note	this is an implementation detail of .imp
 .macro	.dll	name:req
-  .section ".idata.ro.idt.2.\name","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
+  .section .idata.ro.idt.2.\name,"aG",\name,comdat
-	.equ	".Lidata.idt.\name",.
+	.equ	.Lidata.idt.\name,.
-	.long	RVA("idata.ilt.\name")		// ImportLookupTable
+	.long	RVA(idata.ilt.\name)		# ImportLookupTable
-	.long	0				// TimeDateStamp
+	.long	0				# TimeDateStamp
-	.long	0				// ForwarderChain
+	.long	0				# ForwarderChain
-	.long	RVA(".Lidata.str.\name")	// DllNameRva
+	.long	RVA(.Lidata.str.\name)		# DllNameRva
-	.long	RVA("idata.iat.\name")		// ImportAddressTable
+	.long	RVA(idata.iat.\name)		# ImportAddressTable
-	.type	".Lidata.idt.\name",@object
+	.type	.Lidata.idt.\name,@object
-	.size	".Lidata.idt.\name",.-".Lidata.idt.\name"
+	.size	.Lidata.idt.\name,.-.Lidata.idt.\name
   .previous
-  .section ".idata.ro.ilt.\name\().1","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
+  .section .idata.ro.ilt.\name\().1,"aG",\name,comdat
-	.balign	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
+	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-	.type	"idata.ilt.\name",@object
+	.type	idata.ilt.\name,@object
-"idata.ilt.\name":
+idata.ilt.\name:
 	.previous/*
 	...
 	decentralized content
 	...
-	*/.section ".idata.ro.ilt.\name\().3","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
+	*/.section .idata.ro.ilt.\name\().3,"aG",\name,comdat
 	.quad	0
   .previous
-  .section ".idata.ro.hnt.\name\().1","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
+  .section .idata.ro.hnt.\name\().1,"aG",\name,comdat
-	.balign	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
+	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-	.type	"idata.hnt.\name",@object
+	.type	idata.hnt.\name,@object
-	.equ	"idata.hnt.\name",.
+	.equ	idata.hnt.\name,.
   .previous
-  .section ".piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().1","awG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
+  .section .piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().1,"awG",\name,comdat
-	.balign	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
+	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-	.type	"idata.iat.\name",@object
+	.type	idata.iat.\name,@object
-"idata.iat.\name":
+idata.iat.\name:
 	.previous/*
 	...
 	decentralized content
 	...
-	*/.section ".piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().3","awG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
+	*/.section .piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().3,"awG",\name,comdat
 	.quad	0
   .previous
   .section .rodata.str1.1,"aSM",@progbits,1
-".Lidata.str.\name":
+.Lidata.str.\name:
 	.asciz	"\name\().dll"
   .previous
 .endm

ape/launch.S

@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                 :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2023 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-
-//	Calls _start() function of loaded program.
-//
-//	When the program entrypoint is called, all registers shall be
-//	cleared, with the exception of (1) %rdi will be equal to %rsp
-//	on FreeBSD and (2) %cl will contain the detected host OS code
-//
-//	We clear all the general registers we can to have some wiggle
-//	room, to extend the behavior of this loader in the future. We
-//	don't need to clear the XMM registers because your APE loader
-//	should be compiled using gcc/clang's -mgeneral-regs-only flag
-//
-//	@param	rdi is passed through as-is
-//	@param	rsi is address of entrypoint (becomes zero)
-//	@param	rdx is passed through as-is
-//	@param	rcx is passed through as-is
-//	@param	r8  is stack pointer (becomes zero)
-//	@noreturn
-Launch:
-#ifdef __aarch64__
-
-	mov	x16,x1
-	mov	sp,x4
-	mov	x1,0
-	mov	x4,0
-	mov	x5,0
-	mov	x6,0
-	mov	x7,0
-	mov	x8,0
-	mov	x9,0
-	mov	x10,0
-	mov	x11,0
-	mov	x12,0
-	mov	x13,0
-	mov	x14,0
-	mov	x15,0
-	mov	x17,0
-	mov	x19,0
-	mov	x20,0
-	mov	x21,0
-	mov	x22,0
-	mov	x23,0
-	mov	x24,0
-	mov	x25,0
-	mov	x26,0
-	mov	x27,0
-	mov	x28,0
-	mov	x29,0
-	mov	x30,0
-	br	x16
-
-#else
-
-	mov	%r8,%rsp
-	xor	%r8d,%r8d
-	xor	%r9d,%r9d
-	xor	%r10d,%r10d
-	xor	%r11d,%r11d
-	xor	%r12d,%r12d
-	xor	%r13d,%r13d
-	xor	%r14d,%r14d
-	xor	%r15d,%r15d
-	push	%rsi
-	xor	%esi,%esi
-	xor	%ebp,%ebp
-	xor	%ebx,%ebx
-	xor	%eax,%eax
-	ret
-
-#endif
-	.endfn	Launch,globl

ape/lib/apelib.mk

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
+
+PKGS += APE_LIB
+
+APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS += APE_LIB_A
+APE_LIB = $(APE_LIB_A_DEPS) $(APE_LIB_A)
+APE_LIB_A = o/$(MODE)/ape/lib/apelib.a
+APE_LIB_A_FILES := $(wildcard ape/lib/*)
+APE_LIB_A_HDRS = $(filter %.h,$(APE_LIB_A_FILES))
+APE_LIB_A_SRCS_S = $(filter %.S,$(APE_LIB_A_FILES))
+APE_LIB_A_SRCS_C = $(filter %.c,$(APE_LIB_A_FILES))
+
+APE_LIB_A_SRCS =					\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_S)				\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_C)
+
+APE_LIB_A_OBJS =					\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_S:%.S=o/$(MODE)/%.o)		\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_C:%.c=o/$(MODE)/%.o)
+
+APE_LIB_A_CHECKS = $(APE_LIB_A_HDRS:%=o/$(MODE)/%.ok)
+APE_LIB_A_DIRECTDEPS = LIBC_STR LIBC_NEXGEN32E LIBC_STUBS
+APE_LIB_A_DEPS = $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x))))
+
+$(APE_LIB_A): ape/lib/ $(APE_LIB_A).pkg $(APE_LIB_A_OBJS)
+$(APE_LIB_A).pkg: $(APE_LIB_A_OBJS) $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)
+
+APE_LIB_LIBS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)))
+APE_LIB_SRCS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_SRCS))
+APE_LIB_HDRS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_HDRS))
+APE_LIB_BINS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_BINS))
+APE_LIB_CHECKS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
+APE_LIB_OBJS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_OBJS))
+$(APE_LIB_OBJS): $(BUILD_FILES) libc/str/str.mk
+
+.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape/lib
+o/$(MODE)/ape/lib:			\
+		$(APE_LIB_CHECKS)	\
+		$(APE_LIB_A)

ape/lib/apm.h

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=8 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╣
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░█░█░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█░▄░░█░░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░▀█▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█ █░██▀░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█░█░█▀▀░█▀█░█░█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄░░░▐█░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░▄▀▄░█▀▀░█░▄░█░█░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄▄░░░▄██▄░░█▀░░░█░▄░│
+│░░░░░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░▄██▀█▌░██▄▄░░▐█▀▄░▐█▀░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▐█▀▀▌░░░▄▀▌░▌░█░▌░░▌░▌░░│
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────▌▀▄─▐──▀▄─▐▄─▐▄▐▄─▐▄─▐▄─│
+│ αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε § green energy                                  │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#ifndef APE_LIB_APM_H_
+#define APE_LIB_APM_H_
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Advanced Power Management.
+ *
+ * <p>APM is useful for exiting programs, without needing to ask the
+ * human to flip a physical switch or pass QEMU's -no-reboot flag.
+ *
+ * <p><b>Implementation Detail:</b> Supporting ACPI would literally
+ * require implementing a programming language.
+ *
+ * @see APM BIOS Interface Specification v1.2
+ * @since IBM PC/AT
+ */
+
+#define APM_SERVICE 0x15
+
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+
+void apmoff(void) wontreturn;
+
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* APE_LIB_APM_H_ */

ape/lib/bootdr.S

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+/	Resets personal computer.
+/
+/	@param	di drive number, e.g. A:\ is 0x00, C:\ is 0x80
+/	@mode	real
+/	@noreturn
+bootdr:	push	%bp
+	mov	%sp,%bp
+	mov	%di,%dx
+	int	$0x19
+	ljmp	$0xf000,$0xfff0
+	.endfn	bootdr,globl

ape/lib/e820map.S

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	e820map
+	.hidden	e820map
+	.type	e820map,@object
+	.size	e820map,XLM_E820_SIZE
+	e820map = ape.xlm + XLM_E820
+
+	.globl	e820map_xlm
+	.hidden	e820map_xlm
+	.type	e820map_xlm,@object
+	.size	e820map_xlm,XLM_E820_SIZE
+	e820map_xlm = XLM(E820)

ape/lib/flattenhighmemory.c

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+
+/**
+ * Virtualizes physical memory.
+ *
+ * This function removes memory holes (discovered by e820() earlier) and
+ * creates the illusion of flat contiguous memory for as much RAM as the
+ * BIOS reports usable. Memory is safe to use and remap afterwards.
+ *
+ * @see ape/ape.S
+ */
+textreal void flattenhighmemory(struct SmapEntry *e820, struct PageTable *pml4t,
+                                uint64_t *ptsp) {
+  uint64_t *entry, paddr, vaddr;
+  struct SmapEntry *smap, *hole;
+  for (smap = hole = e820, vaddr = IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL; smap->size; ++smap) {
+    while (smap->size && smap->type != kMemoryUsable) smap++;
+    paddr = ROUNDUP(MAX(IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL, smap->addr), PAGESIZE);
+    while (paddr < ROUNDDOWN(smap->addr + smap->size, PAGESIZE)) {
+      while (hole->size &&
+             (hole->type == kMemoryUsable || hole->addr + hole->size < paddr)) {
+        hole++;
+      }
+      if (paddr >= hole->addr && paddr < hole->addr + hole->size) {
+        paddr = ROUNDUP(hole->addr + hole->size, PAGESIZE);
+      } else {
+        entry = __getpagetableentry(vaddr, 3, pml4t, ptsp);
+        *entry = paddr | PAGE_V | PAGE_RW;
+        vaddr += 0x1000;
+        paddr += 0x1000;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

ape/lib/g_pml4t.S

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	g_pml4t
+	.hidden	g_pml4t
+	.type	g_pml4t,@object
+	.size	g_pml4t,0x1000
+	g_pml4t = REAL_STACK_FRAME - 0x1000

ape/lib/g_ptsp.S

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	g_ptsp
+	.hidden	g_ptsp
+	.type	g_ptsp,@object
+	.size	g_ptsp,XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER_SIZE
+	g_ptsp = ape.xlm + XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER
+
+	.globl	g_ptsp_xlm
+	.hidden	g_ptsp_xlm
+	.type	g_ptsp_xlm,@object
+	.size	g_ptsp_xlm,XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER_SIZE
+	g_ptsp_xlm = XLM(PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER)

ape/lib/getpagetableentry.c

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+
+static textreal uint64_t __pushpagetable(uint64_t *ptsp) {
+  return (*ptsp -= PAGESIZE) | PAGE_V | PAGE_RW;
+}
+
+textreal uint64_t *__getpagetableentry(int64_t vaddr, unsigned depth,
+                                       struct PageTable *pml4t,
+                                       uint64_t *ptsp) {
+  uint64_t *entry;
+  unsigned char shift;
+  assert(depth <= 3);
+  assert(!(*ptsp & 0xfff));
+  assert(!((uintptr_t)pml4t & 0xfff));
+  shift = 39;
+  for (;;) {
+    entry = &pml4t->p[(vaddr >> shift) & 511];
+    if (!depth--) return entry;
+    shift -= 9;
+    if (!*entry) *entry = __pushpagetable(ptsp);
+    pml4t = (void *)(*entry & PAGE_TA);
+  }
+}

ape/lib/kbiosdataarea.S

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	kBiosDataArea
+	.hidden	kBiosDataArea
+	.type	kBiosDataArea,@object
+	.size	kBiosDataArea,XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE
+	kBiosDataArea = ape.xlm + XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA
+
+	.globl	kBiosDataAreaXlm
+	.hidden	kBiosDataAreaXlm
+	.type	kBiosDataAreaXlm,@object
+	.size	kBiosDataAreaXlm,XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE
+	kBiosDataAreaXlm = XLM(BIOS_DATA_AREA)
+
+	.section .sort.text.real.init.2.kBiosDataArea,"ax",@progbits
+	movpp	%ds,%es			# copy bios data to valid page
+	mov	$PC_BIOS_DATA_AREA,%si
+	mov	$XLM(BIOS_DATA_AREA),%di
+	mov	$XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE,%cx
+	rep movsb
+	.previous

ape/lib/mapimage.c

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+
+textreal static void __map_segment(uint64_t k, uint64_t a, uint64_t b) {
+  uint64_t *e;
+  for (; a < b; a += 0x1000) {
+    e = __getpagetableentry(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL + a, 3, &g_pml4t, &g_ptsp_xlm);
+    *e = (IMAGE_BASE_REAL + a) | k;
+  }
+}
+
+textreal void __map_image(void) {
+  __map_segment(PAGE_V | PAGE_U, 0, (uintptr_t)_etext - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
+  __map_segment(PAGE_V | PAGE_U | PAGE_RW,
+                (uintptr_t)_etext - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL,
+                (uintptr_t)_end - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
+}

ape/lib/pageunmap.c

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
+
+textreal void pageunmap(int64_t vaddr) {
+  uint64_t *entry;
+  entry = __getpagetableentry(vaddr, 3, &g_pml4t, &g_ptsp_xlm);
+  *entry &= ~PAGE_V;
+  invlpg(vaddr);
+}

ape/lib/pc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=8 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╣
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░█░█░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█░▄░░█░░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░▀█▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█ █░██▀░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█░█░█▀▀░█▀█░█░█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄░░░▐█░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░▄▀▄░█▀▀░█░▄░█░█░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄▄░░░▄██▄░░█▀░░░█░▄░│
+│░░░░░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░▄██▀█▌░██▄▄░░▐█▀▄░▐█▀░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▐█▀▀▌░░░▄▀▌░▌░█░▌░░▌░▌░░│
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────▌▀▄─▐──▀▄─▐▄─▐▄▐▄─▐▄─▐▄─│
+│ αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε § ibm personal computer                         │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#ifndef APE_LIB_PC_H_
+#define APE_LIB_PC_H_
+
+#define BOOTSIG           0xaa55 /* master boot record signature */
+#define PC_BIOS_DATA_AREA 0x400
+
+#define kInterruptFlag (1u << 9)
+
+/* FPU Status Word (x87)
+   @see Intel Manual V1 §8.1.3
+   IE: Invalid Operation ────────────────┐
+   DE: Denormalized Operand ────────────┐│
+   ZE: Zero Divide ────────────────────┐││
+   OE: Overflow Flag ─────────────────┐│││
+   UE: Underflow Flag ───────────────┐││││
+   PE: Precision Flag ──────────────┐│││││
+   SF: Stack Fault ────────────────┐││││││
+   ES: Exception Summary Status ──┐│││││││
+   C0-3: Condition Codes ──┬────┐ ││││││││
+   TOP of Stack Pointer ─────┐  │ ││││││││
+   B: FPU Busy ───────────┐│ │  │ ││││││││
+                          ││┌┴┐┌┼┐││││││││
+                          │↓│ │↓↓↓││││││││*/
+#define FPU_IE 0b0000000000100000000000001
+#define FPU_ZE 0b0000000000100000000000100
+#define FPU_SF 0b0000000000000000001000000
+#define FPU_C0 0b0000000000000000100000000
+#define FPU_C1 0b0000000000000001000000000
+#define FPU_C2 0b0000000000000010000000000
+#define FPU_C3 0b0000000000100000000000000
+
+#define CR0_PE (1u << 0)  /* protected mode enabled */
+#define CR0_MP (1u << 1)  /* monitor coprocessor */
+#define CR0_EM (1u << 2)  /* no x87 fpu present if set */
+#define CR0_TS (1u << 3)  /* task switched x87 */
+#define CR0_ET (1u << 4)  /* extension type 287 or 387 */
+#define CR0_NE (1u << 5)  /* enable x87 error reporting */
+#define CR0_WP (1u << 16) /* write protect read-only pages @pl0 */
+#define CR0_AM (1u << 18) /* alignment mask */
+#define CR0_NW (1u << 29) /* global write-through cache disable */
+#define CR0_CD (1u << 30) /* global cache disable */
+#define CR0_PG (1u << 31) /* paging enabled */
+
+#define CR4_VME        (1u << 0)  /* virtual 8086 mode extension */
+#define CR4_PVI        (1u << 1)  /* protected mode virtual interrupts */
+#define CR4_TSD        (1u << 2)  /* time stamp disable (rdtsc) */
+#define CR4_DE         (1u << 3)  /* debugging extensions */
+#define CR4_PSE        (1u << 4)  /* page size extension */
+#define CR4_PAE        (1u << 5)  /* physical address extension */
+#define CR4_MCE        (1u << 6)  /* machine check exception */
+#define CR4_PGE        (1u << 7)  /* page global enabled */
+#define CR4_OSFXSR     (1u << 9)  /* enable SSE and fxsave/fxrestor */
+#define CR4_OSXMMEXCPT (1u << 10) /* enable unmasked SSE exceptions */
+#define CR4_LA57       (1u << 12) /* enable level-5 paging */
+#define CR4_VMXE       (1u << 13) /* enable VMX operations */
+#define CR4_SMXE       (1u << 14) /* enable SMX operations */
+#define CR4_FSGSBASE   (1u << 16) /* enable *FSBASE and *GSBASE instructions */
+#define CR4_PCIDE      (1u << 17) /* enable process-context identifiers */
+#define CR4_OSXSAVE    (1u << 18) /* enable XSAVE */
+
+#define XCR0_X87       (1u << 0)
+#define XCR0_SSE       (1u << 1)
+#define XCR0_AVX       (1u << 2)
+#define XCR0_BNDREG    (1u << 3)
+#define XCR0_BNDCSR    (1u << 4)
+#define XCR0_OPMASK    (1u << 5)
+#define XCR0_ZMM_HI256 (1u << 6)
+#define XCR0_HI16_ZMM  (1u << 7)
+
+#define EFER     0xC0000080 /* extended feature enable register */
+#define EFER_SCE (1u << 0)  /* system call extensions */
+#define EFER_LME (1u << 8)  /* long mode enable */
+#define EFER_LMA (1u << 10) /* long mode active */
+#define EFER_NXE (1u << 11) /* no-execute enable */
+
+#define GDT_REAL_CODE   8
+#define GDT_REAL_DATA   16
+#define GDT_LEGACY_CODE 24
+#define GDT_LEGACY_DATA 32
+#define GDT_LONG_CODE   40
+#define GDT_LONG_DATA   48
+
+#define PIC1         0x20 /* IO base address for master PIC */
+#define PIC2         0xA0 /* IO base address for slave PIC */
+#define PIC1_CMD     PIC1
+#define PIC1_DATA    (PIC1 + 1)
+#define PIC2_CMD     PIC2
+#define PIC2_DATA    (PIC2 + 1)
+#define PIC_EOI      0x20 /* End-of-interrupt command code */
+#define PIC_READ_IRR 0x0a /* OCW3 irq ready next CMD read */
+#define PIC_READ_ISR 0x0b /* OCW3 irq service next CMD read */
+
+/* Long Mode Paging
+   @see Intel Manual V.3A §4.1 §4.5
+                                          IsValid (ignored on CR3) V┐
+     ┌XD:No Inst. Fetches (if NXE)   IsWritable (ignored on CR3) RW┐│
+     │                                 Permit User-Mode Access - u┐││
+     │                             Page-level Write-Through - PWT┐│││
+     │                            Page-level Cache Disable - PCD┐││││
+     │                          Set if has been read - Accessed┐│││││
+     │                         Set if has been written - Dirty┐││││││
+     │                   IsPage (if PDPTE/PDE) or PAT (if PT)┐│││││││
+     │        (If this maps 2MB/1GB page and CR4.PGE) Global┐││││││││
+     │      (If IsPage 2MB/1GB, see Intel V3A § 11.12) PAT  │││││││││
+     │                                                  │   │││││││││
+     │             ┌────────────────────────────────────┤   │││││││││
+     │   Must Be 0┐│ Next Page Table Address (!IsPage)  │   │││││││││
+     │            │├────────────────────────────────────┤   │││││││││
+     │            ││ Physical Address 4KB               │   │││││││││
+     │┌───┐┌─────┐│├───────────────────────────┐        │ign│││││││││
+     ││PKE││ ign │││ Physical Address 2MB      │        │┌┴┐│││││││││
+     ││   ││     ││├──────────────────┐        │        ││ ││││││││││
+     ││   ││     │││ Phys. Addr. 1GB  │        │        ││ ││││││││││
+     ││   ││     │││                  │        │        ││ ││││││││││
+     6666555555555544444444443333333333222222222211111111110000000000
+     3210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432109876543210*/
+#define PAGE_V   /*                                    */ 0b000000001
+#define PAGE_RW  /*                                    */ 0b000000010
+#define PAGE_U   /*                                    */ 0b000000100
+#define PAGE_4KB /*                                    */ 0b010000000
+#define PAGE_2MB /*                                    */ 0b110000000
+#define PAGE_1GB /*                                    */ 0b110000000
+#define PAGE_TA  0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111000000000000
+#define PAGE_PA2 0b11111111111111111111111111111000000000000000000000
+#define PAGE_XD  0x8000000000000000
+
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#include "ape/config.h"
+
+struct thatispacked GlobalDescriptorTable {
+  uint16_t size;
+  uint64_t *entries;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Memory hole map.
+ * @see wiki.osdev.org/Detecting_Memory_(x86)
+ * @since 2002
+ */
+struct SmapEntry {
+  uint64_t addr;
+  uint64_t size;
+  enum {
+    kMemoryUsable = 1,
+    kMemoryUnusable = 2,
+    kMemoryAcpiReclaimable = 3,
+    kMemoryAcpiNvs = 4,
+    kMemoryBad = 5
+  } type;
+  uint32_t __acpi3; /* is abstracted */
+};
+
+struct IdtDescriptor {
+  uint16_t offset_1; /* offset bits 0..15 */
+  uint16_t selector; /* a code segment selector in GDT or LDT */
+  uint8_t ist;       /* bits 0..2 hold stack table offset, rest are zero */
+  uint8_t type_attr; /* type and attributes */
+  uint16_t offset_2; /* offset bits 16..31 */
+  uint32_t offset_3; /* offset bits 32..63 */
+  uint32_t zero;     /* reserved */
+};
+
+struct thatispacked PageTable {
+  uint64_t p[512];
+} forcealign(PAGESIZE);
+
+extern struct PageTable g_pml4t;
+extern struct GlobalDescriptorTable gdt;
+
+extern const unsigned char kBiosDataArea[256];
+extern const unsigned char kBiosDataAreaXlm[256];
+
+extern struct SmapEntry e820map[XLM_E820_SIZE / sizeof(struct SmapEntry)];
+extern struct SmapEntry e820map_xlm[XLM_E820_SIZE / sizeof(struct SmapEntry)];
+
+extern uint64_t g_ptsp;
+extern uint64_t g_ptsp_xlm;
+
+void bootdr(char drive) wontreturn;
+
+void smapsort(struct SmapEntry *);
+uint64_t *__getpagetableentry(int64_t, unsigned, struct PageTable *,
+                              uint64_t *);
+void flattenhighmemory(struct SmapEntry *, struct PageTable *, uint64_t *);
+void pageunmap(int64_t);
+
+forceinline unsigned long eflags(void) {
+  unsigned long res;
+  asm("pushf\n\t"
+      "pop\t%0"
+      : "=rm"(res));
+  return res;
+}
+
+forceinline unsigned char inb(unsigned short port) {
+  unsigned char al;
+  asm volatile("inb\t%1,%0" : "=a"(al) : "dN"(port));
+  return al;
+}
+
+forceinline void outb(unsigned short port, unsigned char byte) {
+  asm volatile("outb\t%0,%1"
+               : /* no inputs */
+               : "a"(byte), "dN"(port));
+}
+
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* APE_LIB_PC_H_ */

ape/lib/smapsort.c

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+
+textreal static unsigned smapcount(const struct SmapEntry *se) {
+  unsigned i = 0;
+  while (se[i].size) ++i;
+  return i;
+}
+
+textreal static void smapsorter(size_t n, struct SmapEntry a[n]) {
+  struct SmapEntry t;
+  unsigned i, j;
+  for (i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
+    j = i;
+    t = a[i];
+    while (j > 0 && (intptr_t)t.addr - (intptr_t)a[j - 1].addr) {
+      a[j] = a[j - 1];
+      --j;
+    }
+    a[j] = t;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sorts BIOS e820 memory map.
+ */
+textreal void smapsort(struct SmapEntry *smap) {
+  smapsorter(smapcount(smap), smap);
+}

ape/loader-macho.S

@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                 :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macho.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/prot.h"
-#include "libc/dce.h"
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-
-//	Apple Mach-O Executable Headers
-//	Fixups are applied by objbincopy
-//	There must exist a MAC_LC_SEGMENT_64 for every PT_LOAD
-
-	.section .macho,"a",@progbits
-	.balign	64
-	.long	0xFEEDFACE+1
-	.long	MAC_CPU_NEXGEN32E
-	.long	MAC_CPU_NEXGEN32E_ALL
-	.long	MAC_EXECUTE
-	.long	5				// number of load commands
-	.long	60f-10f				// size of all load commands
-	.long	MAC_NOUNDEFS|MAC_SPLIT_SEGS	// flags
-	.long	0				// reserved
-10:	.long	MAC_LC_SEGMENT_64
-	.long	20f-10b				// unmaps first page dir
-	.ascin	"__PAGEZERO",16			// consistent with linux
-	.quad	0,0x200000,0,0			// which forbids mem <2m
-	.long	0,0,0,0
-20:	.long	MAC_LC_SEGMENT_64
-	.long	30f-20b
-	.ascin	"__TEXT",16
-	.quad	0				// vaddr
-	.quad	0				// memsz
-	.quad	0				// file offset
-	.quad	0				// file size
-	.long	0				// maxprot
-	.long	0				// initprot
-	.long	0				// segment section count
-	.long	0				// flags
-30:	.long	MAC_LC_SEGMENT_64
-	.long	40f-30b
-	.ascin	"__RODATA",16
-	.quad	0				// vaddr
-	.quad	0				// memsz
-	.quad	0				// file offset
-	.quad	0				// file size
-	.long	0				// maxprot
-	.long	0				// initprot
-	.long	0				// segment section count
-	.long	0				// flags
-40:	.long	MAC_LC_UUID
-	.long	50f-40b
-	.quad	0x4527148ba7a513ef		// uuid1
-	.quad	0x56fa865940665e8f		// uuid2
-50:	.long	MAC_LC_UNIXTHREAD
-	.long	60f-50b				// cmdsize
-	.long	MAC_THREAD_NEXGEN32E		// flavaflav
-	.long	(520f-510f)/4			// count
-510:	.quad	0				// rax
-	.quad	0				// rbx
-	.quad	0				// rcx
-	.quad	0				// rdx
-	.quad	0				// rdi
-	.quad	0				// rsi
-	.quad	0				// rbp
-	.quad	0				// rsp
-	.quad	0				// r8
-	.quad	0				// r9
-	.quad	0				// r10
-	.quad	0				// r11
-	.quad	0				// r12
-	.quad	0				// r13
-	.quad	0				// r14
-	.quad	0				// r15
-	.quad	XnuEntrypoint			// rip
-	.quad	0				// rflags
-	.quad	0				// cs
-	.quad	0				// fs
-	.quad	0				// gs
-520:
-60:

ape/loader.lds

@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode: ld-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; tab-width: 2; coding: utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set et sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                         :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2023 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-
-ENTRY(ElfEntrypoint)
-
-PHDRS {
-  text PT_LOAD FLAGS(1) FILEHDR PHDRS; /* PF_X */
-  rodata PT_LOAD FLAGS(4); /* PF_R */
-  stack PT_GNU_STACK FLAGS(6); /* PF_W|PF_R */
-  note PT_NOTE FLAGS(4); /* PF_R */
-}
-
-SECTIONS {
-
-  . = SEGMENT_START("text-segment", 0x7f000000);
-  __executable_start = .;
-  . += SIZEOF_HEADERS;
-
-  .macho : {
-    KEEP(*(.macho))
-  } :text
-
-  .note : {
-    KEEP(*(.note))
-  } :text :note
-
-  .text : {
-    *(.text .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)
-  } :text
-
-  .rodata ALIGN(CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE)) : {
-    *(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r.*)
-  } :rodata
-
-  .stack : {
-    *(.stack)
-  } :stack
-
-  _end = .;
-
-  .stab               0 : { *(.stab) }
-  .stabstr            0 : { *(.stabstr) }
-  .stab.excl          0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
-  .stab.exclstr       0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
-  .stab.index         0 : { *(.stab.index) }
-  .stab.indexstr      0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
-  .gnu.build.attributes : { *(.gnu.build.attributes .gnu.build.attributes.*) }
-  .debug              0 : { *(.debug) }
-  .line               0 : { *(.line) }
-  .debug_srcinfo      0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
-  .debug_sfnames      0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
-  .debug_aranges      0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
-  .debug_pubnames     0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
-  .debug_info         0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }
-  .debug_abbrev       0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
-  .debug_line         0 : { *(.debug_line .debug_line.* .debug_line_end) }
-  .debug_frame        0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
-  .debug_str          0 : { *(.debug_str) }
-  .debug_loc          0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
-  .debug_macinfo      0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
-  .debug_weaknames    0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
-  .debug_funcnames    0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
-  .debug_typenames    0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
-  .debug_varnames     0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
-  .debug_pubtypes     0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
-  .debug_ranges       0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
-  .debug_macro        0 : { *(.debug_macro) }
-  .debug_addr         0 : { *(.debug_addr) }
-  .debug_loclists     0 : { *(.debug_loclists) }
-  .debug_rnglists     0 : { *(.debug_rnglists) }
-  .debug_line_str     0 : { *(.debug_line_str) }
-  .debug_extra        0 : { *(.debug_line_str) }
-  .debug_pubtypes     0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
-  .gnu.attributes     0 : { KEEP(*(.gnu.attributes)) }
-
-  /DISCARD/ : {
-    *(.*)
-  }
-}

ape/macros.internal.h

@@ -1,31 +1,126 @@
-/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                 :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #ifndef APE_MACROS_H_
 #define APE_MACROS_H_
 #include "libc/macros.h"
 #ifdef __ASSEMBLER__
 /* clang-format off */
 
-//	Initializes real mode stack.
+/**
-//	The most holiest of holy code.
+ * @fileoverview Macros relevant to αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε.
-//	@mode	real
+ */
-//	@see	www.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/reference/intel/8086/
+
+/	Calls near (i.e. pc+pcrel<64kB) FUNCTION.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+/	@cost	9 bytes overhead
+.macro	rlcall	function:req
+	.byte	0x50                   	# push %[er]ax
+	.byte	0xb8,0,0		# mov $?,%[e]ax
+	jmp	911f
+	.byte	0x58                   	# pop %[er]ax
+	.byte	0xe8			# call Jvds
+	.long	\function\()-.-4
+	jmp	912f
+911:	.byte	0x58                   	# pop %[er]ax
+	.byte	0xe8			# call Jvds
+	.short	\function\()-.-2
+912:
+.endm
+
+/	Loads far (i.e. <1mb) abs constexpr ADDRESS into ES:DI+EDX+RDX.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	movesdi	address:req
+	.byte	0xbf			# mov $0x????xxxx,%[e]di
+	.short	\address>>4
+	.byte	0x8e,0xc7		# mov %di,%es
+	.byte	0xbf			# mov $0x????xxxx,%[e]di
+	.short	\address&0xf
+	jmp	297f
+	.byte	0xbf			# mov $0x????xxxx,%edi
+	.long	\address
+297:	
+.endm
+
+/	Loads 16-bit CONSTEXPR into Qw-register w/ optional zero-extend.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	bbmov	constexpr:req abcd abcd.hi:req abcd.lo:req
+ .ifnb	\abcd
+  .if	(\constexpr)<128 && (\constexpr)>=0
+	pushpop	\constexpr,\abcd
+   .exitm
+  .endif
+ .endif
+	movb	$(\constexpr)>>8&0xff,\abcd.hi
+	movb	$(\constexpr)&0xff,\abcd.lo
+.endm
+
+/	Compares 16-bit CONSTEXPR with Qw-register.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	bbcmp	constexpr:req abcd.hi:req abcd.lo:req
+	cmpb	$(\constexpr)>>8&0xff,\abcd.hi
+	jnz	387f
+	cmpb	$(\constexpr)&0xff,\abcd.lo
+387:
+.endm
+
+/	Adds 16-bit CONSTEXPR to Qw-register.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	bbadd	constexpr:req abcd.hi:req abcd.lo:req
+	addb	$(\constexpr)&0xff,\abcd.lo
+ .if	(\constexpr) != 0
+	adcb	$(\constexpr)>>8&0xff,\abcd.hi
+ .endif
+.endm
+
+/	Subtracts 16-bit CONSTEXPR from Qw-register.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	bbsub	constexpr:req abcd.hi:req abcd.lo:req
+	subb	$(\constexpr)&0xff,\abcd.lo
+ .if	(\constexpr) != 0
+	sbbb	$(\constexpr)>>8&0xff,\abcd.hi
+ .endif
+.endm
+
+/	Ands Qw-register with 16-bit CONSTEXPR.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	bband	constexpr:req abcd.hi:req abcd.lo:req
+ .if	((\constexpr)&0xff) != 0xff || ((\constexpr)>>8&0xff) == 0xff
+	andb	$(\constexpr)&0xff,\abcd.lo
+ .endif
+ .if	((\constexpr)>>8&0xff) != 0xff
+	andb	$(\constexpr)>>8&0xff,\abcd.hi
+ .endif
+.endm
+
+/	Ors Qw-register with 16-bit CONSTEXPR.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	bbor	constexpr:req abcd.hi:req abcd.lo:req
+ .if	((\constexpr)&0xff) != 0 || ((\constexpr)>>8&0xff) != 0
+	orb	$(\constexpr)&0xff,\abcd.lo
+ .endif
+ .if	((\constexpr)>>8&0xff) != 0
+	orb	$(\constexpr)>>8&0xff,\abcd.hi
+ .endif
+.endm
+
+/	Performs ACTION only if in real mode.
+/	@mode	long,legacy,real
+.macro	rlo	clobber:req action:vararg
+990:	mov	$0,\clobber
+	.if	.-990b!=3
+	.error	"bad clobber or assembler mode"
+	.endif
+991:	\action
+	.rept	2-(.-991b)
+	nop
+	.endr
+	.if	.-991b!=2
+	.error	"ACTION must be 1-2 bytes"
+	.endif
+.endm
+
+/	Initializes real mode stack.
+/	The most holiest of holy code.
+/	@mode	real
+/	@see	www.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/reference/intel/8086/
 .macro	rlstack	seg:req addr:req
 	cli
 	mov	\seg,%ss
@@ -33,7 +128,7 @@
 	sti
 .endm
 
-//	Symbolic Linker-Defined Binary Content.
+/	Symbolic Linker-Defined Binary Content.
 .macro	.stub	name:req kind:req default type=@object
  .ifnb	\default
   .equ	\name,\default
@@ -44,17 +139,17 @@
 .hidden	\name
 .endm
 
-//	Symbolic Linker-Defined Binary-Encoded-Bourne Content.
+/	Symbolic Linker-Defined Binary-Encoded-Bourne Content.
-//	@param	units is the number of encoded 32-bit values to insert,
+/	@param	units is the number of encoded 32-bit values to insert,
-//		e.g. \000 can be encoded as 0x3030305c.
+/		e.g. \000 can be encoded as 0x3030305c.
-.macro	.shstub	name:req num:req
+.macro	.shstub	name:req units:req
  ss	\name,0
- .if	\num>1
+ .if	\units>1
   ss	\name,1
-   .if	\num>2
+   .if	\units>2
     ss	\name,2
     ss	\name,3
-    .if	\num>4
+    .if	\units>4
      ss	\name,4
      ss	\name,5
      ss	\name,6
@@ -67,25 +162,10 @@
  .stub	\name\()_bcs\n,long
 .endm
 
-//	Task State Segment Descriptor Entries.
-.macro	.tssdescstub name:req
- .ifndef \name
-  .weak	\name
-  .set	\name,0
- .endif
- .ifndef \name\()_end
-  .weak	\name\()_end
-  .set	\name\()_end,0
- .endif
- .stub	\name\()_desc_ent0,quad
- .stub	\name\()_desc_ent1,quad
-.endm
-
 /* clang-format on */
 #elif defined(__LINKER__)
 
-#define BCX_NIBBLE(X) \
+#define BCX_NIBBLE(X) ((((X)&0xf) > 0x9) ? ((X)&0xf) + 0x37 : ((X)&0xf) + 0x30)
-  ((((X) & 0xf) > 0x9) ? ((X) & 0xf) + 0x37 : ((X) & 0xf) + 0x30)
 #define BCX_OCTET(X) ((BCX_NIBBLE((X) >> 4) << 8) | (BCX_NIBBLE((X) >> 0) << 0))
 #define BCX_INT16(X) ((BCX_OCTET((X) >> 8) << 16) | (BCX_OCTET((X) >> 0) << 0))
 #define BCXSTUB(SYM, X)                      \
@@ -99,12 +179,12 @@
  *
  * <p>This allows linker scripts to generate printf commands.
  */
-#define BCO_OCTET(X) (((X) & 0x7) + 0x30)
+#define BCO_OCTET(X) (((X)&0x7) + 0x30)
 #define BCOB_UNIT(X)                                           \
   ((BCO_OCTET((X) >> 0) << 24) | (BCO_OCTET((X) >> 3) << 16) | \
-   (BCO_OCTET(((X) & 0xff) >> 6) << 8) | 0x5c)
+   (BCO_OCTET(((X)&0xff) >> 6) << 8) | 0x5c)
 
-#define PFBYTE(SYM, X, I) HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs##I = BCOB_UNIT((X) >> ((I) * 8)))
+#define PFBYTE(SYM, X, I) HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs##I = BCOB_UNIT((X) >> ((I)*8)))
 #define PFSTUB2(SYM, X) \
   HIDDEN(SYM = (X));    \
   PFBYTE(SYM, X, 0);    \
@@ -123,47 +203,44 @@
 /**
  * Binary coded decimal support.
  *
- * <p>This allows linker scripts to generate dd commands, e.g. ape.lds.
+ * <p>This allows linker scripts to generate dd commands. Leading spaces
- * There are a few ways to pad each number to the necessary 8 bytes.
+ * need to be inserted so Mac doesn't consider them octal; therefore,
- * Spaces cannot be prepended because busybox refuses to parse them.
+ * parameters must be quoted; and eight digits should be good enough.
- * Zeros cannot be prepended because Mac will take numbers as octal.
- * That leaves appending spaces. The user's shell ought to treat any
- * unquoted run of spaces as if there was only one, so this is safe.
  */
-#define SHSTUB2(SYM, X)             \
+#define SHSTUB2(SYM, X)           \
-  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs0 = BCD_LEFT(X)); \
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs0 = BCD10K(X)); \
-  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs1 = BCD_RIGHT(X))
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs1 = BCD(X))
-#define BCD_SMEAR(X) ((X) + (X) * 10000)
+#define BCD(X)                                                                 \
-#define BCD_LEFT(X)                                      \
+  ((X) == 0                                                                    \
-  (((X)) < 10000     ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR(X)) | 0x10    \
+       ? 0x20202030                                                            \
-   : (X) < 100000    ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 10))    \
+       : (X) < 10 ? 0x30202020 + (((X) % 10) << 24)                            \
-   : (X) < 1000000   ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 100))   \
+                  : (X) < 100 ? 0x30302020 + (((X) % 10) << 24) +              \
-   : (X) < 10000000  ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 1000))  \
+                                    (((X) / 10 % 10) << 16)                    \
-   : (X) < 100000000 ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 10000)) \
+                              : (X) < 1000 ? 0x30303020 + (((X) % 10) << 24) + \
-                     : 0xffffffffffffffff)
+                                                 (((X) / 10 % 10) << 16) +     \
-#define BCD_RIGHT(X)                                                   \
+                                                 (((X) / 100 % 10) << 8)       \
-  (((X)) < 10000    ? 0x20202020                                       \
+                                           : 0x30303030 + (((X) % 10) << 24) + \
-   : (X) < 100000   ? 0x20202030 + (X) % 10                            \
+                                                 (((X) / 10 % 10) << 16) +     \
-   : (X) < 1000000  ? 0x20203030 + ((X) / 10) % 10 + (X) % 10 * 0x100  \
+                                                 (((X) / 100 % 10) << 8) +     \
-   : (X) < 10000000 ? 0x20303030 + ((X) / 100) % 10 +                  \
+                                                 (((X) / 1000 % 10) << 0))
-                          ((X) / 10) % 10 * 0x100 + (X) % 10 * 0x10000 \
+#define BCD10K(X)                                                          \
-   : (X) < 100000000                                                   \
+  ((X) < 10000                                                             \
-       ? 0x30303030 + ((X) / 1000) % 10 + ((X) / 100) % 10 * 0x100 +   \
+       ? 0x20202020                                                        \
-             ((X) / 10) % 10 * 0x10000 + (X) % 10 * 0x1000000          \
+       : (X) < 100000                                                      \
-       : 0xffffffffffffffff)
+             ? 0x30202020 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24)                     \
-
+             : (X) < 1000000                                               \
-/**
+                   ? 0x30302020 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24) +             \
- * Laying out the GDT entries for a TSS for bare metal operation.
+                         (((X) / 100000 % 10) << 16)                       \
- */
+                   : (X) < 10000000                                        \
-#define TSSDESCSTUB2(SYM, BASE, LIM)                 \
+                         ? 0x30303020 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24) +       \
-  HIDDEN(SYM##_desc_ent0 = TSSDESC_ENT0(BASE, LIM)); \
+                               (((X) / 100000 % 10) << 16) +               \
-  HIDDEN(SYM##_desc_ent1 = TSSDESC_ENT1(BASE));      \
+                               (((X) / 1000000 % 10) << 8)                 \
-  ASSERT((LIM) >= 0 && (LIM) <= 0xffff, "bare metal TSS is suspiciously fat")
+                         : (X) < 100000000                                 \
-#define TSSDESC_ENT0(BASE, LIM)                                              \
+                               ? 0x30303030 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24) + \
-  (((LIM) << 0 & 0x000000000000ffff) | ((BASE) << 16 & 0x000000ffffff0000) | \
+                                     (((X) / 100000 % 10) << 16) +         \
-   0x89 << 40 | ((LIM) >> 16 << 48 & 0x000f000000000000) | 0x2 << 52 |       \
+                                     (((X) / 1000000 % 10) << 8) +         \
-   ((BASE) >> 24 << 56 & 0xff00000000000000))
+                                     (((X) / 10000000 % 10) << 0)          \
-#define TSSDESC_ENT1(BASE) ((BASE) >> 32 << 0 & 0x00000000ffffffff)
+                               : 0xffffffffffffffff)
 
 #endif /* __ASSEMBLER__ */
 #endif /* APE_MACROS_H_ */

ape/public/ape.lds

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-#include "ape/ape.lds"

ape/relocations.h

@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
   In some cases it's necessary to use addend macros that change virtual
   addresses into the other two types: physical and real. */
 
-#define IMAGE_BASE_REAL 0x2000
-
 #ifndef IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL
 #define IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL 0x400000
 #endif
@@ -21,6 +19,26 @@
 #define IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL 0x100000
 #endif
 
+#ifndef REAL_SCRATCH_AREA
+/**
+ * Location of anything goes memory for real mode.
+ *
+ * The MBR won't load program content beyond this address, so we have
+ * room for buffers, page tables, etc. before we reach the stack frame.
+ */
+#define REAL_SCRATCH_AREA 0x40000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef REAL_STACK_FRAME
+/**
+ * Location of real mode 64kb stack frame.
+ *
+ * This address was chosen because memory beyond 0x80000 can't be
+ * accessed safely without consulting e820.
+ */
+#define REAL_STACK_FRAME 0x70000
+#endif
+
 /**
  * Returns Relative Virtual Address.
  */
@@ -36,8 +54,8 @@
  */
 #define REAL(x) ((x) - (IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL - IMAGE_BASE_REAL))
 
-#if IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL % 0x1000 != 0
+#if IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL % 0x200000 != 0
-#error "IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL must be 4kb aligned"
+#error "IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL must be 2mb aligned"
 #endif
 #if IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL % 0x1000 != 0
 #error "IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL must be 4kb aligned"

ape/sections.internal.h

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-
-extern const char __notices[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __executable_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __privileged_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _ehead[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _etext[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _edata[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _ezip[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _end[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _ereal[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _tdata_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _tdata_end[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _tbss_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _tbss_end[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _tls_align[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _tdata_align[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char _tbss_align[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __test_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __ro[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __data_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __data_end[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __bss_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char __bss_end[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned long __got_start[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned long __got_end[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-extern unsigned char ape_phdrs[] __attribute__((__weak__));
-
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_ */

ape/specification.md

@@ -1,703 +0,0 @@
-# Actually Portable Executable Specification v0.1
-
-Actually Portable Executable (APE) is an executable file format that
-polyglots the Windows Portable Executable (PE) format with a UNIX Sixth
-Edition style shell script that doesn't have a shebang. This makes it
-possible to produce a single file binary that executes on the stock
-installations of the many OSes and architectures.
-
-## Supported OSes and Architectures
-
-- AMD64
-  - Linux
-  - MacOS
-  - Windows
-  - FreeBSD
-  - OpenBSD
-  - NetBSD
-  - BIOS
-
-- ARM64
-  - Linux
-  - MacOS
-  - FreeBSD
-  - Windows (non-native)
-
-## File Header
-
-APE defines three separate file magics, all of which are 8 characters
-long. Any file that starts with one of these magic values can be
-considered an APE program.
-
-### (1) APE MZ Magic
-
-- ASCII: `MZqFpD='`
-- Hex: 4d 5a 71 46 70 44 3d 27
-
-This is the canonical magic used by almost all APE programs. It enables
-maximum portability between OSes. When interpreted as a shell script, it
-is assigning a single quoted string to an unused variable. The shell
-will then ignore subsequent binary content that's placed inside the
-string.
-
-It is strongly recommended that this magic value be immediately followed
-by a newline (\n or hex 0a) character. Some shells, e.g. FreeBSD SH and
-Zsh impose a binary safety check before handing off files that don't
-have a shebang to `/bin/sh`. That check applies to the first line, which
-can't contain NUL characters.
-
-The letters were carefully chosen so as to be valid x86 instructions in
-all operating modes. This makes it possible to store a BIOS bootloader
-disk image inside an APE binary. For example, simple CLI programs built
-with Cosmopolitan Libc will boot from BIOS into long mode if they're
-treated as a floppy disk image.
-
-The letters also allow for the possibility of being treated on x86-64 as
-a flat executable, where the PE / ELF / Mach-O executable structures are
-ignored, and execution simply begins at the beginning of the file,
-similar to how MS-DOS .COM binaries work.
-
-The 0x4a relative offset of the magic causes execution to jump into the
-MS-DOS stub defined by Portable Executable. APE binaries built by Cosmo
-Libc use tricks in the MS-DOS stub to check the operating mode and then
-jump to the appropriate entrypoint, e.g. `_start()`.
-
-#### Decoded as i8086
-
-```asm
-  dec  %bp
-  pop  %dx
-  jno  0x4a
-  jo   0x4a
-```
-
-#### Decoded as i386
-
-```asm
-  push %ebp
-  pop  %edx
-  jno  0x4a
-  jo   0x4a
-```
-
-#### Decoded as x86-64
-
-```asm
-  rex.WRB
-  pop %r10
-  jno 0x4a
-  jo  0x4a
-```
-
-### (2) APE UNIX-Only Magic
-
-- ASCII: `jartsr='`
-- Hex: 6a 61 72 74 73 72 3d 27
-
-Being a novel executable format that was first published in 2020, the
-APE file format is less understood by industry tools compared to the PE,
-ELF, and Mach-O executable file formats, which have been around for
-decades. For this reason, APE programs that use the MZ magic above can
-attract attention from Windows AV software, which may be unwanted by
-developers who aren't interested in targeting the Windows platform.
-Therefore the `jartsr='` magic is defined which enables the creation of
-APE binaries that can safely target all non-Windows platforms. Even
-though this magic is less common, APE interpreters and binfmt-misc
-installations MUST support this.
-
-It is strongly recommended that this magic value be immediately followed
-by a newline (\n or hex 0a) character. Some shells, e.g. FreeBSD SH and
-Zsh impose a binary safety check before handing off files that don't
-have a shebang to `/bin/sh`. That check applies to the first line, which
-can't contain NUL characters.
-
-The letters were carefully chosen so as to be valid x86 instructions in
-all operating modes. This makes it possible to store a BIOS bootloader
-disk image inside an APE binary. For example, simple CLI programs built
-with Cosmopolitan Libc will boot from BIOS into long mode if they're
-treated as a floppy disk image.
-
-The letters also allow for the possibility of being treated on x86-64 as
-a flat executable, where the PE / ELF / Mach-O executable structures are
-ignored, and execution simply begins at the beginning of the file,
-similar to how MS-DOS .COM binaries work.
-
-The 0x78 relative offset of the magic causes execution to jump into the
-MS-DOS stub defined by Portable Executable. APE binaries built by Cosmo
-Libc use tricks in the MS-DOS stub to check the operating mode and then
-jump to the appropriate entrypoint, e.g. `_start()`.
-
-#### Decoded as i8086 / i386 / x86-64
-
-```asm
-  push $0x61
-  jb   0x78
-  jae  0x78
-```
-
-### (3) APE Debug Magic
-
-- ASCII: `APEDBG='`
-- Hex: 41 50 45 44 42 47 3d 27
-
-While APE files must be valid shell scripts, in practice, UNIX systems
-will oftentimes be configured to provide a faster safer alternative to
-loading an APE binary through `/bin/sh`. The Linux Kernel can be patched
-to have execve() recognize the APE format and directly load its embedded
-ELF header. Linux systems can also use binfmt-misc to recognize APE's MZ
-and jartsr magic, and pass them to a userspace program named `ape` that
-acts as an interpreter. In such environments, the need sometimes arises
-to be able to test that the `/bin/sh` is working correctly, in which
-case the `APEDBG='` magic is RECOMMENDED.
-
-APE interpreters, execve() implementations, and binfmt-misc installs
-MUST ignore this magic. If necessary, steps can be taken to help files
-with this magic be passed to `/bin/sh` like a normal shebang-less shell
-script for execution.
-
-## Embedded ELF Header
-
-APE binaries MAY embed an ELF header inside them. Unlike conventional
-executable file formats, this header is not stored at a fixed offset.
-It's instead encoded as octal escape codes in a shell script `printf`
-statement. For example:
-
-```
-printf '\177ELF\2\1\1\011\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\0\076\0\1\0\0\0\166\105\100\000\000\000\000\000\060\013\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\165\312\1\1\100\0\070\0\005\000\0\0\000\000\000\000'
-```
-
-This `printf` statement MUST appear in the first 8192 bytes of the APE
-executable, so as to limit how much of the initial portion of a file an
-interpreter must load.
-
-Multiple such `printf` statements MAY appear in the first 8192 bytes, in
-order to specify multiple architectures. For example, fat binaries built
-by the `apelink` program (provided by Cosmo Libc) will have two encoded
-ELF headers, for AMD64 and ARM64, each of which point into the proper
-file offsets for their respective native code. Therefore, kernels and
-interpreters which load the APE format directly MUST check the
-`e_machine` field of the `Elf64_Ehdr` that's decoded from the octal
-codes, before accepting a `printf` shell statement as valid.
-
-These printf statements MUST always use only unescaped ASCII characters
-or octal escape codes. These printf statements MUST NOT use space saving
-escape codes such as `\n`. For example, rather than saying `\n` it would
-be valid to say `\012` instead. It's also valid to say `\12` but only if
-the encoded characters that follow aren't an octal digit.
-
-For example, the following algorithm may be used for parsing octal:
-
-```c
-static int ape_parse_octal(const unsigned char page[8192], int i, int *pc)
-{
-        int c;
-        if ('0' <= page[i] && page[i] <= '7') {
-                c = page[i++] - '0';
-                if ('0' <= page[i] && page[i] <= '7') {
-                        c *= 8;
-                        c += page[i++] - '0';
-                        if ('0' <= page[i] && page[i] <= '7') {
-                                c *= 8;
-                                c += page[i++] - '0';
-                        }
-                }
-                *pc = c;
-        }
-        return i;
-}
-```
-
-APE aware interpreters SHOULD only take `e_machine` into consideration.
-It is the responsibility of the `_start()` function to detect the OS.
-Therefore, multiple `printf` statements are only embedded in the shell
-script for different CPU architectures.
-
-The OS ABI field of an APE embedded `Elf64_Ehdr` SHOULD be set to
-`ELFOSABI_FREEBSD`, since it's the only UNIX OS APE supports that
-actually checks the field. However different values MAY be chosen for
-binaries that don't intend to have FreeBSD in their support vector.
-
-Counter-intuitively, the ARM64 ELF header is used on the MacOS ARM64
-platform when loading from fat binaries.
-
-## Embedded Mach-O Header (x86-64 only)
-
-APE shell scripts that support MacOS on AMD64 must use the `dd` command
-in a very specific way to specify how the embedded binary Macho-O header
-is copied backward to the start of the file. For example:
-
-```
-dd if="$o" of="$o" bs=8 skip=433      count=66       conv=notrunc
-```
-
-These `dd` statements have traditionally been generated by the GNU as
-and ld.bfd programs by encoding ASCII into 64-bit linker relocations,
-which necessitated a fixed width for integer values. It took several
-iterations over APE's history before we eventually got it right:
-
-- `arg="  9293"` is how we originally had ape do it
-- `arg=$((  9293))` b/c busybox sh disliked quoted space
-- `arg=9293  ` is generated by modern apelink program
-
-Software that parses the APE file format, which needs to extract the
-Macho-O x86-64 header SHOULD support the old binaries that use the
-previous encodings. To make backwards compatibility simple the following
-regular expression may be used, which generalizes to all defined
-formats:
-
-```c
-regcomp(&rx,
-        "bs="              // dd block size arg
-        "(['\"] *)?"       //   #1 optional quote w/ space
-        "(\\$\\(\\( *)?"   //   #2 optional math w/ space
-        "([[:digit:]]+)"   //   #3
-        "( *\\)\\))?"      //   #4 optional math w/ space
-        "( *['\"])?"       //   #5 optional quote w/ space
-        " +"               //
-        "skip="            // dd skip arg
-        "(['\"] *)?"       //   #6 optional quote w/ space
-        "(\\$\\(\\( *)?"   //   #7 optional math w/ space
-        "([[:digit:]]+)"   //   #8
-        "( *\\)\\))?"      //   #9 optional math w/ space
-        "( *['\"])?"       //  #10 optional quote w/ space
-        " +"               //
-        "count="           // dd count arg
-        "(['\"] *)?"       //  #11 optional quote w/ space
-        "(\\$\\(\\( *)?"   //  #12 optional math w/ space
-        "([[:digit:]]+)",  //  #13
-        REG_EXTENDED);
-```
-
-For further details, see the canonical implementation in
-`cosmopolitan/tool/build/assimilate.c`.
-
-## Static Linking
-
-Actually Portable Executables are always statically linked. This
-revision of the specification does not define any facility for storing
-code in dynamic shared objects.
-
-Cosmopolitan Libc provides a solution that enables APE binaries have
-limited access to dlopen(). By manually loading a platform-specific
-executable and asking the OS-specific libc's dlopen() to load
-OS-specific libraries, it becomes possible to use GPUs and GUIs. This
-has worked great for AI projects like llamafile.
-
-There is no way for an Actually Portable Executable to interact with
-OS-specific dynamic shared object extension modules to programming
-languages. For example, a Lua interpreter compiled as an Actually
-Portable Executable would have no way of linking extension libraries
-downloaded from the Lua Rocks package manager. This is primarily because
-different OSes define incompatible ABIs.
-
-While it was possible to polyglot PE+ELF+MachO to create multi-OS
-executables, it simply isn't possible to do that same thing for
-DLL+DYLIB+SO. Therefore, in order to have DSOs, APE would need to either
-choose one of the existing formats or invent one of its own, and then
-develop its own parallel ecosystem of extension software. In the future,
-the APE specification may expand to encompass this. However the focus to
-date has been exclusively on executables with limited dlopen() support.
-
-## Application Binary Interface (ABI)
-
-APE binaries use the System V ABI, as defined by:
-
-- [System V ABI - AMD64 Architecture Processor Supplement](https://gitlab.com/x86-psABIs/x86-64-ABI)
-- AARCH64 has a uniform consensus defined by ARM Limited
-
-There are however a few changes we've had to make.
-
-### No Red Zone
-
-Actually Portable Executables that have Windows and/or bare metal in
-their support vector MUST be compiled using `-mno-red-zone`. This is
-because, on Windows, DLLs and other software lurking in the va-space
-might use tricks like SetThreadContext() to take control of a thread
-whereas on bare metal, it's also generally accepted that kernel-mode
-code cannot assume a red zone either due to hardware interrupts that
-pull the exact same kinds of stunts.
-
-APE software that only has truly System V ABI conformant OSes (e.g.
-Linux) in their support vector MAY use the red zone optimization.
-
-### Thread Local Storage
-
-#### aarch64
-
-Here's the TLS memory layout on aarch64:
-
-```
-           x28
-        %tpidr_el0
-            │
-            │    _Thread_local
-        ┌───┼───┬──────────┬──────────┐
-        │tib│dtv│  .tdata  │  .tbss   │
-        ├───┴───┴──────────┴──────────┘
-        │
-    __get_tls()
-```
-
-The ARM64 code in actually portable executables use the `x28` register
-to store the address of the thread information block. All aarch64 code
-linked into these executables SHOULD be compiled with `-ffixed-x28`
-which is supported by both Clang and GCC.
-
-The runtime library for an actually portable executables MAY choose to
-use `tpidr_el0` instead, if OSes like MacOS aren't being targeted. For
-example, if the goal is to create a Linux-only fat binary linker program
-for Musl Libc, then choosing to use the existing `tpidr_el0` convention
-would be friction-free alternative.
-
-It's not possible for an APE runtime that targets the full range of OSes
-to use the `tpidr_el0` register for TLS because Apple won't allow it. On
-MacOS ARM64 systems, this register can only be used by a runtime to
-implement the `sched_getcpu()` system call. It's reserved by MacOS.
-
-#### x86-64
-
-Here's the TLS memory layout on x86_64:
-
-```
-                          __get_tls()
-                              │
-                             %fs OpenBSD/NetBSD
-           _Thread_local      │
-    ┌───┬──────────┬──────────┼───┐
-    │pad│  .tdata  │  .tbss   │tib│
-    └───┴──────────┴──────────┼───┘
-                              │
-   Linux/FreeBSD/Windows/Mac %gs
-```
-
-Quite possibly the greatest challenge in Actually Portable Executable
-working, has been overcoming the incompatibilities between OSes in how
-thread-local storage works on x86-64. The AMD64 architecture defines two
-special segment registers. Every OS uses one of these segment registers
-to implement TLS support. However not all OSes agree on which register
-to use. Some OSes grant userspace the power to define either of these
-registers to hold any value that is desired. Some OSes only effectively
-allow a single one of them to be changed. Lastly, some OSes, e.g.
-Windows, claim ownership of the memory layout these registers point
-towards too.
-
-Here's a breakdown on how much power is granted to userspace runtimes by
-each OS when it comes to changing amd64 segment registers.
-
-|         | %fs          | %gs          |
-|---------|--------------|--------------|
-| Linux   | unrestricted | unrestricted |
-| MacOS   | inaccessible | unrestricted |
-| Windows | inaccessible | restricted   |
-| FreeBSD | unrestricted | unrestricted |
-| NetBSD  | unrestricted | broken       |
-| OpenBSD | unrestricted | inaccessible |
-
-Therefore, regardless of which register one we choose, some OSes are
-going to be incompatible.
-
-APE binaries are always built with a Linux compiler. So another issue
-arises in the fact that our Linux-flavored GCC and Clang toolchains
-(which are used to produce cross-OS binaries) are also only capable of
-producing TLS instructions that use the %fs convention.
-
-To solve these challenges, the `cosmocc` compiler will rewrite binary
-objects after they've been compiled by GCC, so that the `%gs` register
-is used, rather than `%fs`. Morphing x86-64 binaries after they've been
-compiled is normally difficult, due to the complexity of the machine
-instruction language. However GCC provides `-mno-tls-direct-seg-refs`
-which greatly reduces the complexity of this task. This flag forgoes
-some optimizations to make the generated code simpler. Rather than doing
-clever arithmetic with `%fs` prefixes, the compiler will always generate
-the thread information block address load as a separate instruction.
-
-```c
-// Change AMD code to use %gs:0x30 instead of %fs:0
-// We assume -mno-tls-direct-seg-refs has been used
-static void ChangeTlsFsToGs(unsigned char *p, size_t n) {
-  unsigned char *e = p + n - 9;
-  while (p <= e) {
-    // we're checking for the following expression:
-    //   0144 == p[0] &&           // %fs
-    //   0110 == (p[1] & 0373) &&  // rex.w (and ignore rex.r)
-    //   (0213 == p[2] ||          // mov reg/mem → reg (word-sized)
-    //   0003 == p[2]) &&          // add reg/mem → reg (word-sized)
-    //   0004 == (p[3] & 0307) &&  // mod/rm (4,reg,0) means sib → reg
-    //   0045 == p[4] &&           // sib (5,4,0) → (rbp,rsp,0) → disp32
-    //   0000 == p[5] &&           // displacement (von Neumann endian)
-    //   0000 == p[6] &&           // displacement
-    //   0000 == p[7] &&           // displacement
-    //   0000 == p[8]              // displacement
-    uint64_t w = READ64LE(p) & READ64LE("\377\373\377\307\377\377\377\377");
-    if ((w == READ64LE("\144\110\213\004\045\000\000\000") ||
-         w == READ64LE("\144\110\003\004\045\000\000\000")) &&
-        !p[8]) {
-      p[0] = 0145;  // change %fs to %gs
-      p[5] = 0x30;  // change 0 to 0x30
-      p += 9;
-    } else {
-      ++p;
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-By favoring `%gs` we've now ensured friction-free compatibility for the
-APE runtime on MacOS, Linux, and FreeBSD which are all able to conform
-easily to this convention. However additional work needs to be done at
-runtime when an APE program is started on Windows, OpenBSD, and NetBSD.
-On these platforms, all executable pages must be faulted and morphed to
-fixup the TLS instructions.
-
-On OpenBSD and NetBSD, this is as simple as undoing the example
-operation above. Earlier at compile-time we turned `%fs` into `%gs`.
-Now, at runtime, `%gs` must be turned back into `%fs`. Since the
-executable is morphing itself, this is easier said than done.
-
-OpenBSD for example enforces a `W^X` invariant. Code that's executing
-can't modify itself at the same time. The way Cosmopolitan solves this
-is by defining a special part of the binary called `.text.privileged`.
-This section is aligned to page boundaries. A GNU ld linker script is
-used to ensure that code which morphs code is placed into this section,
-through the use of a header-defined cosmo-specific keyword `privileged`.
-Additionally, the `fixupobj` program is used by the Cosmo build system
-to ensure that compiled objects don't contain privileged functions that
-call non-privileged functions. Needless to say, `mprotect()` needs to be
-a privileged function, so that it can be used to disable the execute bit
-on all other parts of the executable except for the privileged section,
-thereby making it writable. Once this has been done, code can change.
-
-On Windows the displacement bytes of the TLS instruction are changed to
-use the `%gs:0x1480+i*8` ABI where `i` is a number assigned by the WIN32
-`TlsAlloc()` API. This avoids the need to call `TlsGetValue()` which is
-implemented this exact same way under the hood. Even though 0x1480 isn't
-explicitly documented by MSDN, this ABI is believed to be stable because
-MSVC generates binaries that use this offset directly. The only caveat
-is that `TlsAlloc()` must be called as early in the runtime init as
-possible, to ensure an index less than 64 is returned.
-
-### Thread Information Block (TIB)
-
-The Actually Portable Executable Thread Information Block (TIB) is
-defined by this version of the specification as follows:
-
-- The 64-bit TIB self-pointer is stored at offset 0x00.
-- The 64-bit TIB self-pointer is also stored at offset 0x30.
-- The 32-bit `errno` value is stored at offset 0x3c.
-
-All other parts of the thread information block should be considered
-unspecified and therefore reserved for future specifications.
-
-The APE thread information block is aligned on a 64-byte boundary.
-
-Cosmopolitan Libc v3.5.8 (c. 2024-07-21) currently implements a thread
-information block that's 512 bytes in size.
-
-### Foreign Function Calls
-
-Even though APE programs always use the System V ABI, there arises the
-occasional need to interface with foreign functions, e.g. WIN32. The
-`__attribute__((__ms_abi__))` annotation introduced by GCC v6 is used
-for this purpose.
-
-The ability to change a function's ABI on a case-by-case basis is
-surprisingly enough supported by GCC, Clang, NVCC, and even the AMD HIP
-compilers for both UNIX systems and Windows. All of these compilers
-support both the System V ABI and the Microsoft x64 ABI.
-
-APE binaries will actually favor the Microsoft ABI even when running on
-UNIX OSes for certain dlopen() use-cases. For example, if we control the
-code to a CUDA module, which we compile on each OS separately from our
-main APE binary, then any function that's inside the APE binary whose
-pointer may be passed into a foreign module SHOULD be compiled to use
-the Microsoft ABI. This is because in practice the OS-specific module
-may need to be compiled by MSVC, where MS ABI is the *only* ABI, which
-forces our UNIX programs to partially conform. Thankfully, all UNIX
-compilers support doing it on a case-by-case basis.
-
-### Char Signedness
-
-Actually Portable Executable defines `char` as signed.
-
-Therefore conformant APE software MUST use `-fsigned-char` when building
-code for aarch64, as well as any other architecture that (unlike x86-64)
-would otherwise define `char` as being `unsigned char` by default.
-
-This decision was one of the cases where it made sense to offer a more
-consistent runtime experience for fat multi-arch binaries. However you
-SHOULD still write code to assume `char` can go either way. But if all
-you care about is using APE, then you CAN assume `char` is signed.
-
-### Long Double
-
-On AMD64 platforms, APE binaries define `long double` as 80-bit.
-
-On ARM64 platforms, APE binaries define `long double` as 128-bit.
-
-We accept inconsistency in this case, because hardware acceleration is
-far more valuable than stylistic consistency in the case of mathematics.
-
-One challenge arises on AMD64 for supporting `long double` across OSes.
-Unlike UNIX systems, the Windows Executive on x86-64 initializes the x87
-FPU to have double (64-bit) precision rather than 80-bit. That's because
-code compiled by MSVC treats `long double` as though it were `double` to
-prefer always using the more modern SSE instructions. However System V
-requires genuine 80-bit `long double` support on AMD64.
-
-Therefore, if an APE program detects that it's been started on a Windows
-x86-64 system, then it SHOULD use the following assembly to initialize
-the x87 FPU in System V ABI mode.
-
-```asm
-	fldcw	1f(%rip)
-	.rodata
-	.balign	2
-//	8087 FPU Control Word
-//	 IM: Invalid Operation ───────────────┐
-//	 DM: Denormal Operand ───────────────┐│
-//	 ZM: Zero Divide ───────────────────┐││
-//	 OM: Overflow ─────────────────────┐│││
-//	 UM: Underflow ───────────────────┐││││
-//	 PM: Precision ──────────────────┐│││││
-//	 PC: Precision Control ───────┐  ││││││
-//	  {float,∅,double,long double}│  ││││││
-//	 RC: Rounding Control ──────┐ │  ││││││
-//	  {even, →-∞, →+∞, →0}      │┌┤  ││││││
-//	                           ┌┤││  ││││││
-//	                          d││││rr││││││
-1:	.short	0b00000000000000000001101111111
-	.previous
-```
-
-## Executable File Alignment
-
-Actually Portable Executable is a statically-linked flat executable file
-format that is, as a thing in itself, agnostic to file alignments. For
-example, the shell script payload at the beginning of the file and its
-statements have no such requirements. Alignment requirements are however
-imposed by the executable formats that APE wraps.
-
-1. ELF requires that file offsets be congruent with virtual addresses
-   modulo the CPU page size. So when we add a shell script to the start
-   of an executable, we need to round up to the page size in order to
-   maintain ELF's invariant. Although no such roundup is required on the
-   program segments once the invariant is restored. ELF loaders will
-   happily map program headers from arbitrary file intervals (which may
-   overlap) onto arbitrarily virtual intervals (which don't need to be
-   contiguous). In order to do that, the loaders will generally use
-   UNIX's mmap() function which is more restrictive and only accepts
-   addresses and offsets that are page aligned. To make it possible to
-   map an unaligned ELF program header that could potentially start and
-   stop at any byte, ELF loaders round-out the intervals, which means
-   adjacent unrelated data might also get mapped, which may need to be
-   explicitly zero'd. Thanks to the cleverness of ELF, it's possible to
-   have an executable file be very tiny, without needing any alignment
-   bytes, and it'll be loaded into a properly aligned virtual space
-   where segments can be as sparse as we want them to be.
-
-2. PE doesn't care about congruence and instead defines two separate
-   kinds of alignment. First, PE requires that the layout of segment
-   memory inside the file be aligned on at minimum the classic 512 byte
-   MS-DOS page size. This means that, unlike ELF, some alignment padding
-   may need to be encoded into the file, making it slightly larger. Next
-   PE imposes an alignment restriction on segments once they've been
-   mapped into the virtual address space, which must be rounded to the
-   system page size. Like ELF, PE segments need to be properly ordered
-   but they're allowed to drift apart once mapped in a non-contiguous
-   sparsely mapped way. When inserting shell script content at the start
-   of a PE file, the most problematic thing is the need to round up to
-   the 64kb system granularity, which results in a lot of needless bytes
-   of padding being inserted by a naive second-pass linker.
-
-3. Apple's Mach-O format is the strictest of them all. While both ELF
-   and PE are defined in such a way that invites great creativity, XNU
-   will simply refuse to an executable that does anything creative with
-   alignment. All loaded segments need to both start and end on a page
-   aligned address. XNU also wants segments to be contiguous similar to
-   portable executable, except it applies to both the file and virtual
-   spaces, which must follow the same structure.
-
-Actually Portable Executables must conform to the strictest requirements
-demanded by the support vector. Therefore an APE binary that has headers
-for all three of the above executable formats MUST conform to the Apple
-way of doing things. GNU ld linker scripts aren't very good at producing
-ELF binaries that rigidly conform to this simple naive layout. There are
-so many ways things can go wrong, where third party code might slip its
-own custom section name in-between the linker script sections that are
-explicitly defined, thereby causing ELF's powerful features to manifest
-and the resulting content overlapping. The best `ld` flag that helps is
-`--orphan-handling=error` which can help with explaining such mysteries.
-
-While Cosmopolitan was originally defined to just use stock GNU tools,
-this proved intractable over time, and the project has been evolving in
-the direction of building its own. Inventing the `apelink` program was
-what enabled the project to achieve multi-architecture binaries whereas
-previously it was only possible to do multi-OS binaries. In the future,
-our hope is that a fast power linker like Mold can be adapted to produce
-fat APE binaries directly from object files in one pass.
-
-## Position Independent Code
-
-APE doesn't currently support position independent executable formats.
-This is because APE was originally written for the GNU linker, where PIC
-and PIE were after-thoughts and never fully incorporated with the older
-more powerful linker script techniques upon which APE relies. Future
-iterations of this specification are intended to converge on modern
-standards, as our tooling becomes developed enough to support it.
-
-However this only applies to the wrapped executable formats themselves.
-While our convention to date has been to always load ELF programs at the
-4mb mark, this is not guaranteed across OSes and architectures. Programs
-should have no expectations that a program will be loaded to any given
-address. For example, Cosmo currently implements APE on AARCH64 as
-loading executables to a starting address of 0x000800000000. This
-address occupies a sweet spot of requirements.
-
-## Address Space
-
-In order to create a single binary that supports as many platforms as
-possible without needing to be recompiled, there's a very narrow range
-of addresses that can be used. That range is somewhere between 32 bits
-and 39 bits.
-
-- Embedded devices that claim to be 64-bit will oftentimes only support
-  a virtual address space that's 39 bits in size.
-
-- We can't load executable images on AARCH64 beneath 0x100000000 (4gb)
-  because Apple forbids doing that, possibly in an effort to enforce a
-  best practice for spotting 32-bit to 64-bit transition bugs. Please
-  note that this restriction only applies to Apple ARM64 systems. The
-  x86-64 version of XNU will happily load APE binaries to 0x00400000.
-
-- The AMD64 architecture on desktops and servers can usually be counted
-  upon to provide a 47-bit address space. The Linux Kernel for instance
-  grants each userspace program full dominion over addresses 0x00200000
-  through 0x00007fffffffffff provided the hardware supports this. On
-  modern workstations supporting Intel and AMD's new PML5T feature which
-  virtualizes memory using a radix trie that's five layers deep, Linux
-  is able to offer userspace its choice of fixed addresses from
-  0x00200000 through 0x00ffffffffffffff. The only exception to this rule
-  we've encountered so far is that Windows 7 and Windows Vista behaved
-  similar to embedded devices in reducing the number of va bits.
-
-## Page Size
-
-APE software MUST be page size agnostic. For many years the industry had
-converged on a strong consensus of having a page size that's 4096 bytes.
-However this convention was never guaranteed. New computers have become
-extremely popular, such as Apple Silicon, that use a 16kb page size.
-
-By convention, Cosmopolitan Libc currently generates ELF headers for
-x86-64 that are strictly aligned on a 4096-byte page size. On ARM64
-Cosmopolitan is currently implemented to always generate ELF headers
-aligned on a 16kb page size.
-
-In addition to being page size agnostic, APE software that cares about
-working correctly on Windows needs to be aware of the concept of
-allocation granularity. While the page size on Windows is generally 4kb
-in size, memory mappings can only be created on addresses that aligned
-to the system allocation granularity, which is generally 64kb. If you
-use a function like mmap() with Cosmopolitan Libc, then the `addr` and
-`offset` parameters need to be aligned to `sysconf(_SC_GRANSIZE)` or
-else your software won't work on Windows. Windows has other limitations
-too, such as lacking the ability to carve or punch holes in mappings.

ape/start.S

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                 :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2023 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/dce.h"
-#include "ape/ape.h"
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-
-#ifdef __aarch64__
-
-_start:	mov	x1,sp
-	and     sp,x1,#-16
-	mov	x29,0
-	bl	ApeLoader
-	.endfn	_start,globl
-
-#else
-
-XnuEntrypoint:
-	mov	$_HOSTXNU,%dl			// xnu's not unix!
-ElfEntrypoint:
-	mov	%rsp,%rsi			// save real stack
-	andq    $-16,%rsp                       // force SSE alignment
-	call	ApeLoader
-	.endfn	ElfEntrypoint,globl
-	.endfn	XnuEntrypoint,globl
-
-	.section .note,"a",@progbits
-	.balign	4
-openbsd.ident:
-	.long	2f-1f
-	.long	4f-3f
-	.long	1
-1:	.asciz	"OpenBSD"
-2:	.balign	4
-3:	.long	0
-4:	.size	openbsd.ident,.-openbsd.ident
-	.type	openbsd.ident,@object
-	.balign	4
-netbsd.ident:
-	.long	2f-1f
-	.long	4f-3f
-	.long	1
-1:	.asciz	"NetBSD"
-2:	.balign	4
-3:	.long	901000000
-4:	.size	netbsd.ident,.-netbsd.ident
-	.type	netbsd.ident,@object
-	.balign	4
-ape.ident:
-	.long	2f-1f
-	.long	4f-3f
-	.long	1
-1:	.asciz	"APE"
-2:	.balign	4
-3:	.long	APE_VERSION_NOTE
-4:	.size	ape.ident,.-ape.ident
-	.type	ape.ident,@object
-
-#endif

ape/systemcall.S

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                 :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2023 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-
-//	Invokes system call.
-//
-//	This function has eight parameters. The first seven are for
-//	arguments passed along to the system call. The eight is for
-//	the magic number that indicates which system call is called
-//
-//	The return value follows the Linux kernel convention, where
-//	errors are returned as `-errno`. BSD systems are normalized
-//	to follow this convention automatically.
-SystemCall:
-#ifdef __aarch64__
-	mov	x8,x7
-	mov	x9,0
-	adds	x9,x9,0
-	svc	0
-	bcs	1f
-	ret
-1:	neg	x0,x0
-	ret
-#else
-	mov	%rcx,%r10
-	mov	16(%rsp),%eax
-	clc
-	syscall
-	jnc	1f
-	neg	%rax
-1:	ret
-#endif
-	.endfn	SystemCall,globl

build/actuallynice

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# SYNOPSIS
+#
+#   Program Deprioritizer
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   This is a drop-in replacement for the traditional Unix `nice`
+#   command that also invokes `ionice`, which is important, since
+#   network and traffic is usually what clobber the system.
+
+if [ -z "$IONICE" ]; then
+  if IONICE=$(command -v ionice 2>/dev/null); then
+    IONICE="$IONICE -c3"
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$NICE" ]; then
+  NICE=$(command -v nice 2>/dev/null)
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$IONICE$NICE" ]; then
+  echo "error: can't be nice" >&2
+fi
+
+exec $IONICE $NICE "$@"

build/archive

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Cosmopolitan Archiver
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This goes 100x faster than ar and ranlib.
+#
+# EXAMPLE
+#
+#   build/archive rcsD library.a foo.o ...
+
+MKDIR=${MKDIR:-$(command -v mkdir) -p} || exit
+# if [ -x "o/$MODE/tool/build/ar.com" ]; then
+#   set -- "o/$MODE/tool/build/ar.com" "$@"
+# else
+if [ ! -x o/build/bootstrap/ar.com ]; then
+  mkdir -p o/build/bootstrap &&
+  cp -f build/bootstrap/ar.com o/build/bootstrap/ar.com.$$ &&
+  mv -f o/build/bootstrap/ar.com.$$ o/build/bootstrap/ar.com || exit
+fi
+set -- o/build/bootstrap/ar.com "$@"
+# fi
+OUT=$3
+
+printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-ARCHIVE.a}" "$OUT" >&2
+# if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+#   # some of these windows nt archives are quite huge
+#   COLUMNS=${COLUMNS:-80}
+#   COLUMNS=$((COLUMNS - 4))
+#   printf "%s\n" "$*" |
+#     /usr/bin/fold -s -w $COLUMNS |
+#     sed -e '1bb' -e 's/^/  /' -e ':b' -e '$b' -e 's/$/ \\/' >&2
+# else
+#   printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-ARCHIVE.a}" "$OUT" >&2
+# fi
+
+REASON=failed
+trap REASON=interrupted INT
+
+"$@" >/dev/null && exit
+
+if [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+  f='%s %s\r\n\r\n'
+else
+  f='\033[91m%s\033[39m \033[94m%s\033[39m\r\n\r\n'
+fi
+printf "$f" "archive $REASON:" "$*" >&2
+exit 1

build/assemble

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   GNU Assembler Veneer
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This script wraps normal assembler commands that're transparently
+#   passed-through. It adds ephemeral logging and directory creation.
+#
+# EXAMPLE
+#
+#   TARGET=program build/assemble as -o program program.o
+#
+# SEE ALSO
+#
+#   https://justine.storage.googleapis.com/perm/as.pdf
+
+if [ ! -d o/third_party/gcc ]; then
+  third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
+fi
+
+export LC_ALL=C
+MKDIR=${MKDIR:-$(command -v mkdir) -p} || exit
+
+if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+  printf "%s\n" "$*" >&2
+else
+  printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-OBJECTIFY.s}" "$TARGET" >&2
+fi
+
+if [ "$TARGET" ]; then
+  TARGETDIR="${TARGET%/*}"
+  if [ "$TARGETDIR" != "$TARGET" ] && [ ! -d "$TARGETDIR" ]; then
+    $MKDIR "$TARGETDIR" || exit 2
+  fi
+fi
+
+"$@" && exit
+
+if [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+  f='%s %s\r\n\r\n'
+else
+  f='\033[91m%s\033[39m \033[94m%s\033[39m\r\n\r\n'
+fi
+printf "$f" "assemble failed:" "$*" >&2
+exit 1

build/bochs-debugger

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# -*- mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8 -*-
+# vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8              :vi
+
+echo c |
+  bochs \
+    -q \
+    -f ape/etc/bochsrc.dbg \
+    floppya:1_44=$1,status=inserted

build/bochs-scriptable

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# -*- mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8 -*-
+# vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8              :vi
+#
+# bochs-scriptable executes a disk with serial uart stdio.
+#
+# USAGE
+#
+#   build/bochs-scriptable IMAGE...
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This script is useful for end-to-end testing metal apps in <100ms.
+#
+# SEE ALSO
+#
+#   build/boot(1)
+
+while getopts h X; do
+  case $X in
+    h)  exec less "$0" ;;
+    \?) echo "$0: bad arg" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+  esac
+done
+shift $((OPTIND - 1))
+
+trap '' INT
+
+IMG=$1
+OUT=/tmp/$USER.$$.bochs.stdout
+ERR=/tmp/$USER.$$.bochs.stderr
+
+mkfifo $OUT || exit
+
+cat <$OUT &
+CAT=$!
+exec 4>$OUT
+rm -f $OUT
+
+echo c |
+  bochs \
+    -q \
+    -f ape/etc/bochsrc.ffs \
+    display_library:nogui \
+    floppya:1_44=$1,status=inserted \
+    >>$ERR 2>>$ERR
+RC=$?
+
+kill $CAT
+exec 4>&-
+rm -f $ERR

build/bootstrap/gcc-only-flags.txt

@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
---nocompress-debug-sections
---noexecstack
--Wa,--nocompress-debug-sections
--Wa,--noexecstack
--Wa,-msse2avx
--Werror=maybe-uninitialized
--Wno-literal-suffix
--Wno-unused-but-set-variable
--Wunsafe-loop-optimizations
--fbranch-target-load-optimize
--fcx-limited-range
--fdelete-dead-exceptions
--femit-struct-debug-baseonly
--ffp-int-builtin-inexact
--finline-functions-called-once
--fipa-pta
--fivopts
--flimit-function-alignment
--fmerge-constants
--fmodulo-sched
--fmodulo-sched-allow-regmoves
--fno-align-jumps
--fno-align-labels
--fno-align-loops
--fno-code-hoisting
--fno-cx-limited-range
--fno-fp-int-builtin-inexact
--fno-gnu-unique
--fno-inline-functions-called-once
--fno-instrument-functions
--fno-schedule-insns2
--fno-whole-program
--fopt-info-vec
--fopt-info-vec-missed
--freg-struct-return
--freschedule-modulo-scheduled-loops
--frounding-math
--fsched2-use-superblocks
--fschedule-insns
--fschedule-insns2
--fshrink-wrap
--fshrink-wrap-separate
--fsignaling-nans
--fstack-clash-protection
--ftracer
--ftrapv
--ftree-loop-im
--ftree-loop-vectorize
--funsafe-loop-optimizations
--fversion-loops-for-strides
--fwhole-program
--gdescribe-dies
--gstabs
--mcall-ms2sysv-xlogues
--mdispatch-scheduler
--mfpmath=sse+387
--mmitigate-rop
--mno-fentry

build/catcode

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Source File Concatenation Tool
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This program is the same as cat, but inserts preprocessor directives
+#   that allow compiler errors to point back to the original lines.
+
+if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
+  cat
+else
+  for x; do
+    printf '# 1 "%s"\n' "$x"
+    cat "$x"
+  done
+fi

build/compile

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   GNU/LLVM Compiler Frontend Frontend
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This wrapper script filters out certain flags so the compiler won't
+#   whine, and passes extra information to the preprocessor.
+#
+# EXAMPLE
+#
+#   build/compile cc -o program program.c
+
+if [ ! -d o/third_party/gcc ]; then
+  third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
+fi
+
+if [ "$1" = "clang-10" ]; then
+  if ! command -v clang-10 >/dev/null; then
+    shift
+    set -- o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc "$@"
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ "$1" = "clang++-10" ]; then
+  if ! command -v clang++-10 >/dev/null; then
+    shift
+    set -- o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-g++ "$@"
+  fi
+fi
+
+export LC_ALL=C
+MKDIR=${MKDIR:-$(command -v mkdir) -p} || exit
+
+GZME=
+PLAT="${1%% *}"
+FDIAGNOSTIC_COLOR=
+CCNAME=${CCNAME:-gcc}
+CCVERSION=${CCVERSION:-4}
+COUNTERMAND=
+
+# The GNU Compiler Collection passes a lot of CFLAGS to the preprocessor
+# (which we call CCFLAGS) but it should pass more; and we do just that.
+NOPG=0
+FIRST=1
+OUTARG=0
+INVISIBLE=0
+for x; do
+  if [ $FIRST -eq 1 ]; then
+    set --
+    FIRST=0
+  fi
+  if [ $OUTARG -eq 1 ]; then
+    OUTARG=0
+    OUT="$x"
+  fi
+  case "$x" in
+    -o)
+      set -- "$@" "$x"
+      OUTARG=1
+      ;;
+    -w)
+      set -- "$@" "$x" -D__W__
+      ;;
+    -x-no-pg)
+      NOPG=1
+      ;;
+    -pg)
+      if [ $NOPG -eq 0 ] && [ $INVISIBLE -eq 0 ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x" -D__PG__  # @see libc/macros.h
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -mfentry)
+      if [ $NOPG -eq 0 ] && [ $INVISIBLE -eq 0 ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x" -D__MFENTRY__
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -fomit-frame-pointer)
+      INVISIBLE=1
+      set -- "$@" "$x"
+      ;;
+    -mno-vzeroupper)
+      set -- "$@" "$x" -Wa,-msse2avx -D__MNO_VZEROUPPER__
+      ;;
+    -fsanitize=undefined)
+      set -- "$@" "$x" -D__FSANITIZE_UNDEFINED__
+      COUNTERMAND="$COUNTERMAND -fno-data-sections"  # sqlite.o
+      ;;
+    -mnop-mcount)
+      if [ "$CCNAME" = "gcc" ] && [ "$CCVERSION" -ge 6 ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x" -D__MNOP_MCOUNT__
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -mrecord-mcount)
+      if [ "$CCNAME" = "gcc" ] && [ "$CCVERSION" -ge 6 ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x" -D__MRECORD_MCOUNT__
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -fsanitize=implicit*integer*)
+      if ! [ "$CCNAME" = "gcc" ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x"
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -f*sanitize*|-gz*|-*stack-protector*|-fvect-cost*|-mstringop*)
+      if [ "$CCNAME" = "gcc" ] && [ "$CCVERSION" -ge 6 ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x"
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -freorder-blocks-and-partition|-fstack-clash-protection)
+      if [ "$CCNAME" = "gcc" ] && [ "$CCVERSION" -ge 8 ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x"
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -fdiagnostic-color=*)
+      FDIAGNOSTIC_COLOR=$x
+      ;;
+    -fopt-info*=*.optinfo)
+      if [ "$CCNAME" = "gcc" ] && [ "$CCVERSION" -ge 9 ]; then
+        GZME="$GZME ${x##*=}"
+        set -- "$@" "$x"
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -R*)                         # e.g. clang's -Rpass-missed=all
+      if [ "${PLAT#*clang}" != "${PLAT}" ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x"
+      fi
+      ;;
+    -fsave-optimization-record)  # clang only
+      if [ "${PLAT#*clang}" != "${PLAT}" ]; then
+        set -- "$@" "$x"
+      fi
+      ;;
+    *)
+      set -- "$@" "$x"
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+if [ -z "$FDIAGNOSTIC_COLOR" ] && [ "$TERM" != "dumb" ]; then
+  FDIAGNOSTIC_COLOR=-fdiagnostics-color=always
+fi
+
+if [ "${PLAT#*clang}" != "${PLAT}" ]; then
+  FIRST=1
+  for x; do
+    # clang's assembler isn't complete yet
+    if [ $FIRST -eq 1 ]; then
+      set --                                \
+          "$x"                              \
+          -fno-integrated-as                \
+          -Wno-unused-command-line-argument \
+          -Wno-incompatible-pointer-types-discards-qualifiers
+      FIRST=0
+      continue
+    fi
+    TRAPV= # clang handles -f{,no-}{trap,wrap}v weird
+    # removes flags clang whines about
+    case "$x" in
+      -gstabs) ;;
+      -ftrapv) ;;
+      -ffixed-*) ;;
+      -fcall-saved*) ;;
+      -fsignaling-nans) ;;
+      -fcx-limited-range) ;;
+      -fno-fp-int-builtin-inexact) ;;
+      -Wno-unused-but-set-variable) ;;
+      -Wunsafe-loop-optimizations) ;;
+      -mdispatch-scheduler) ;;
+      -ftracer) ;;
+      -frounding-math) ;;
+      -fmerge-constants) ;;
+      -fmodulo-sched) ;;
+      -msse2avx)
+        set -- "$@" -Wa,-msse2avx
+        ;;
+      -fopt-info-vec) ;;
+      -fopt-info-vec-missed) ;;
+      -fmodulo-sched-allow-regmoves) ;;
+      -fgcse-*) ;;
+      -freschedule-modulo-scheduled-loops) ;;
+      -freschedule-modulo-scheduled-loops) ;;
+      -fipa-pta) ;;
+      -fsched2-use-superblocks) ;;
+      -fbranch-target-load-optimize) ;;
+      -fdelete-dead-exceptions) ;;
+      -funsafe-loop-optimizations) ;;
+      -fcall-used*) ;;
+      -mmitigate-rop) ;;
+      -mnop-mcount) ;;
+      -fno-align-jumps) ;;
+      -fno-align-labels) ;;
+      -fno-align-loops) ;;
+      -fivopts) ;;
+      -fschedule-insns) ;;
+      -fno-semantic-interposition) ;;
+      -mno-fentry) ;;
+      -f*shrink-wrap) ;;
+      -f*schedule-insns2) ;;
+      -fvect-cost-model=*) ;;
+      -fsimd-cost-model=*) ;;
+      -fversion-loops-for-strides) ;;
+      -fopt-info*) ;;
+      -f*var-tracking-assignments) ;;
+      -femit-struct-debug-baseonly) ;;
+      -ftree-loop-vectorize) ;;
+      -gdescribe-dies) ;;
+      -flimit-function-alignment) ;;
+      -ftree-loop-im) ;;
+      -fno-instrument-functions) ;;
+      -fstack-clash-protection) ;;
+      -mstringop-strategy=*) ;;
+      -mpreferred-stack-boundary=*) ;;
+      -*stack-protector*) ;;  # clang requires segmented memory for this
+      -f*gnu-unique) ;;
+      -Wframe-larger-than=*) ;;
+      -f*whole-program) ;;
+      -Wa,--size-check=*) ;;
+      -Wa,--listing*) ;;
+      -mfpmath=sse+387) ;;
+      -Wa,--noexecstack) ;;
+      -freg-struct-return) ;;
+      -mcall-ms2sysv-xlogues) ;;
+      -mno-vzeroupper)
+        set -- "$@" -mllvm -x86-use-vzeroupper=0
+        ;;
+      -Wa,-a*)
+        x="${x#*=}"
+        if [ "$x" ] && [ -p "$x" ]; then
+          printf '' >"$x"
+        fi
+        ;;
+      *)
+        set -- "$@" "$x"
+        ;;
+    esac
+  done
+  set -- "$@" -fno-stack-protector
+else
+  # removes flags only clang supports
+  FIRST=1
+  for x; do
+    if [ $FIRST -eq 1 ]; then
+      set --
+      FIRST=0
+    fi
+    case "$x" in
+      -Oz) set -- "$@" -Os ;;
+      *) set -- "$@" "$x" ;;
+    esac
+  done
+fi
+
+set -- "$@" -no-canonical-prefixes $FDIAGNOSTIC_COLOR $COUNTERMAND
+
+if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+  printf "%s\n" "$*" >&2
+else
+  printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-COMPILE}" "${TARGET:-$OUT}" >&2
+fi
+
+OUTDIR="${OUT%/*}"
+if [ "$OUTDIR" != "$OUT" ] && [ ! -d "$OUTDIR" ]; then
+  $MKDIR "$OUTDIR" || exit 2
+fi
+
+REASON=failed
+trap REASON=interrupted INT
+
+if "$@"; then
+  for f in $GZME; do
+    if GZ=${GZ:-$(command -v gzip)}; then
+      if [ -f "$f" ]; then
+        build/actuallynice $GZ $ZFLAGS -qf $f &
+      fi
+    fi
+  done
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+printf "\n$LOGFMT" "$CCNAME $CCVERSION: compile $REASON:" "$*" >&2
+exit 1

build/config.mk

@@ -1,68 +1,27 @@
 #-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set et ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ──────────────────────┘
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
 
 # Default Mode
 #
 #   - `make`
-#   - Optimized
 #   - Backtraces
-#   - Syscall tracing
 #   - Function tracing
-#
+#   - Reasonably small
+#   - Reasonably optimized
+#   - Reasonably debuggable
+
 ifeq ($(MODE),)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -O2 $(BACKTRACES)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG
-endif
-ifeq ($(MODE), x86_64)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -O2 $(BACKTRACES)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG
-endif
-ifeq ($(MODE), aarch64)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -O2 $(BACKTRACES)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG
-endif
 
-# Zero Optimization Mode
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-#
+	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-#   - Goes 2x slower
+	$(FTRACE)		\
-#   - Supports --strace
+	-Og
-#   - Unsupports --ftrace
+
-#   - Better GDB debugging
+TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-#
+	-msse3
-ifeq ($(MODE), zero)
+
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
+RAGELFLAGS ?= -G2
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-OVERRIDE_CFLAGS += -O0
-OVERRIDE_CXXFLAGS += -O0
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG
-endif
-ifeq ($(MODE), aarch64-zero)
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-OVERRIDE_CFLAGS += -O0 -fdce
-OVERRIDE_CXXFLAGS += -O0 -fdce
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG
-endif
 
-# Fast Build Mode
-#
-#   - `make MODE=fastbuild`
-#   - No debugging
-#   - Syscall tracing
-#   - Function tracing
-#   - Some optimizations
-#   - Limited Backtraces
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), fastbuild)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -O
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG -DDWARFLESS
-CONFIG_LDFLAGS += -S
 endif
 
 # Optimized Mode
@@ -70,130 +29,86 @@ endif
 #   - `make MODE=opt`
 #   - Backtraces
 #   - More optimized
-#   - Syscall tracing
-#   - Function tracing
 #   - Reasonably small
 #   - No memory corruption detection
 #   - assert() / CHECK_xx() may leak code into binary for debuggability
 #   - GCC 8+ hoists check fails into .text.cold, thus minimizing impact
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), opt)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -DSYSDEBUG
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -O3 -fmerge-all-constants
-CONFIG_TARGET_ARCH ?= -march=native
-endif
 
-# Optimized Linux Mode
+ifeq ($(MODE), opt)
-# The Fastest Mode of All
+
-#
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-#   - `make MODE=optlinux`
+	-DNDEBUG		\
-#   - Turns on red zone
+	-msse2avx		\
-#   - Turns off backtraces
+	-Wa,-msse2avx
-#   - Turns off function tracing
+
-#   - Turns off support for older cpu models
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-#   - Turns off support for other operating systems
+	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-#
+	-O3
-ifeq ($(MODE), optlinux)
+
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
+TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -DSYSDEBUG -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1
+	-march=native
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -O3 -fmerge-all-constants
+
-CONFIG_COPTS += -mred-zone
+RAGELFLAGS ?= -G2
-CONFIG_TARGET_ARCH ?= -march=native
+
-endif
-ifeq ($(MODE), x86_64-optlinux)
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -DSYSDEBUG -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -O3 -fmerge-all-constants
-CONFIG_COPTS += -mred-zone
-CONFIG_TARGET_ARCH ?= -march=native
-endif
-ifeq ($(MODE), aarch64-optlinux)
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -DSYSDEBUG -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -O3 -fmerge-all-constants
-CONFIG_COPTS += -mred-zone
 endif
 
 # Release Mode
 #
-# Follows traditional closed source release binary norms.
-#
 #   - `make MODE=rel`
 #   - More optimized
 #   - Reasonably small
 #   - Numeric backtraces
-#   - No DWARF data bloat
 #   - Toilsome debuggability
 #   - assert() statements removed
 #   - DCHECK_xx() statements removed
 #   - No memory corruption detection
 #   - CHECK_xx() won't leak strings into binary
-#
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), rel)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -DDWARFLESS
+
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -O2
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-PYFLAGS += -O1
+	-DNDEBUG
+
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
+	$(BACKTRACES)		\
+	-O2
+
+RAGELFLAGS = -G2
+
 endif
 
 # Debug Mode
 #
 #   - `make MODE=dbg`
 #   - Backtraces
-#   - Enables ubsan
+#   - Zero optimization
-#   - Stack canaries
+#   - Enables sanitization
-#   - No optimization
+#   - Enables stack canaries
-#   - Enormous binaries
+#   - Enormous binaries (b/c ubsan suboptimalities)
-#
+
-ifeq ($(MODE), dbg)
+ifeq ($(MODE), dbg)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
+
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-OVERRIDE_CFLAGS += -O0
+	-DMODE_DBG
-OVERRIDE_CXXFLAGS += -O0
+
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DMODE_DBG -D__SANITIZE_UNDEFINED__ -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-but-set-variable
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -DSYSDEBUG
+	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-CONFIG_COPTS += -fsanitize=undefined
+	$(FTRACE)		\
-OVERRIDE_CCFLAGS += -fno-pie
+	-fno-inline
-QUOTA ?= -C64 -L300
+
-endif
+CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
-ifeq ($(MODE), x86_64-dbg)
+	$(SECURITY_BLANKETS)	\
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
+	$(SANITIZER)
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
+
-OVERRIDE_CFLAGS += -O0
+CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
-OVERRIDE_CXXFLAGS += -O0
+	-ftrapv
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DMODE_DBG -D__SANITIZE_UNDEFINED__ -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-but-set-variable
+
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -DSYSDEBUG
+TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-CONFIG_COPTS += -fsanitize=undefined
+	-msse3
-OVERRIDE_CCFLAGS += -fno-pie
+
-QUOTA ?= -C64 -L300
+OVERRIDE_CCFLAGS +=		\
-endif
+	-fno-pie
-ifeq ($(MODE), aarch64-dbg)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-OVERRIDE_CFLAGS += -O0 -fdce
-OVERRIDE_CXXFLAGS += -O0 -fdce
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DMODE_DBG -D__SANITIZE_UNDEFINED__ -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-but-set-variable
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -DSYSDEBUG
-CONFIG_COPTS += -fsanitize=undefined
-QUOTA ?= -C64 -L300
-endif
 
-# System Five Mode
-#
-#   - `make MODE=sysv`
-#   - Optimized
-#   - Backtraces
-#   - Debuggable
-#   - Syscall tracing
-#   - Function tracing
-#   - No Windows bloat!
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), sysv)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_OFLAGS ?= -g -ggdb
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -O2
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121
 endif
 
 # Tiny Mode
@@ -207,222 +122,24 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
-#
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), tiny)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=			\
-	-DTINY				\
-	-DNDEBUG			\
-	-DTRUSTWORTHY
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=			\
-	-Os				\
-	-fno-align-functions		\
-	-fno-align-jumps		\
-	-fno-align-labels		\
-	-fno-align-loops		\
-	-fschedule-insns2		\
-	-momit-leaf-frame-pointer	\
-	-foptimize-sibling-calls	\
-	-DDWARFLESS
-PYFLAGS +=				\
-	-O2				\
-	-B
-endif
-ifeq ($(MODE), x86_64-tiny)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=			\
-	-DTINY				\
-	-DNDEBUG			\
-	-DTRUSTWORTHY
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=			\
-	-Os				\
-	-fno-align-functions		\
-	-fno-align-jumps		\
-	-fno-align-labels		\
-	-fno-align-loops		\
-	-fschedule-insns2		\
-	-momit-leaf-frame-pointer	\
-	-foptimize-sibling-calls	\
-	-DDWARFLESS
-PYFLAGS +=				\
-	-O2				\
-	-B
-endif
-ifeq ($(MODE), aarch64-tiny)
-# TODO(jart): -mcmodel=tiny
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=			\
-	-DTINY				\
-	-DNDEBUG			\
-	-DTRUSTWORTHY
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=			\
-	-Os				\
-	-fno-align-functions		\
-	-fno-align-jumps		\
-	-fno-align-labels		\
-	-fno-align-loops		\
-	-fschedule-insns2		\
-	-momit-leaf-frame-pointer	\
-	-foptimize-sibling-calls	\
-	-DDWARFLESS
-PYFLAGS +=				\
-	-O2				\
-	-B
-endif
 
-# Linux-Only Tiny Mode
-#
-#   - `make MODE=tinylinux`
-#   - No checks
-#   - No asserts
-#   - No canaries
-#   - No paranoia
-#   - No avx hooks
-#   - No backtraces
-#   - No portability
-#   - No algorithmics
-#   - YOLO
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinux)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=			\
-	-DTINY				\
-	-DNDEBUG			\
-	-DTRUSTWORTHY			\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1		\
-	-DDWARFLESS
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=			\
-	-Os				\
-	-fno-align-functions		\
-	-fno-align-jumps		\
-	-fno-align-labels		\
-	-fno-align-loops
-endif
-
-# Linux+BSD Tiny Mode
-#
-#   - `make MODE=tinylinuxbsd`
-#   - No apple
-#   - No checks
-#   - No asserts
-#   - No canaries
-#   - No paranoia
-#   - No microsoft
-#   - No avx hooks
-#   - No backtraces
-#   - No algorithmics
-#   - YOLO
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinuxbsd)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
 	-DNDEBUG		\
-	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
+	-DTRUSTWORTHY
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=113	\
+
-	-DDWARFLESS
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	-Os			\
 	-fno-align-functions	\
 	-fno-align-jumps	\
 	-fno-align-labels	\
 	-fno-align-loops
-endif
 
-# Unix Tiny Mode
+TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-#
+	-msse3
-#   - `make MODE=tinysysv`
-#   - No checks
-#   - No asserts
-#   - No canaries
-#   - No paranoia
-#   - No microsoft
-#   - No avx hooks
-#   - No backtraces
-#   - No algorithmics
-#   - YOLO
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), tinysysv)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-	-DTINY			\
-	-DNDEBUG		\
-	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121	\
-	-DDWARFLESS
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	-Os			\
-	-fno-align-functions	\
-	-fno-align-jumps	\
-	-fno-align-labels	\
-	-fno-align-loops
-endif
 
-# Tiny Metallic Unix Mode
-#
-#   - `make MODE=tinynowin`
-#   - No checks
-#   - No asserts
-#   - No canaries
-#   - No paranoia
-#   - No microsoft
-#   - No avx hooks
-#   - No backtraces
-#   - No algorithmics
-#   - YOLO
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), tinynowin)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-	-DTINY			\
-	-DNDEBUG		\
-	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=251	\
-	-DDWARFLESS
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	-Os			\
-	-fno-align-functions	\
-	-fno-align-jumps	\
-	-fno-align-labels	\
-	-fno-align-loops
-endif
-
-# no x87 instructions mode
-#
-#     export MODE=nox87
-#     make -j8 toolchain
-#     cosmocc -o /tmp/hello.com hello.c
-#
-# lets you shave ~23kb off blink
-#
-#     git clone https://github.com/jart/blink
-#     cd blink
-#     ./configure --disable-x87
-#     make -j8
-#     o//blink/blink /tmp/hello.com
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), nox87)
-ENABLE_FTRACE = 1
-CONFIG_COPTS += -mlong-double-64
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -O2
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG -DNOX87
-endif
-
-# LLVM Mode
-#
-# We aim to support:
-#
-#     make -j8 m=llvm o/llvm/libc
-#
-# The rest of the monorepo may not work with llvm.
-#
-ifeq ($(MODE), llvm)
-.STRICT = 0
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -DSYSDEBUG -O2
-AS = clang
-CC = clang
-CXX = clang++
-CXXFILT = llvm-c++filt
-LD = ld.lld
-NM = llvm-nm
-GCC = clang
-STRIP = llvm-strip
-OBJCOPY = llvm-objcopy
-OBJDUMP = llvm-objdump
-ADDR2LINE = llvm-addr2line
 endif
 
 # ANSI Mode
@@ -449,66 +166,17 @@ endif
 # such as MSVC or XCode. You can run your binary objects through a tool
 # like objconv to convert them to COFF or MachO. Then use ANSI mode to
 # rollup one header file that'll enable linkage with minimal issues.
+#
+# Lastly note that in some cases, such as gc(), there simply isn't any
+# ANSI workaround available. It's only in cases like that when we'll use
+# the __asm__() header workaround, rather than simply removing it. We do
+# however try to do that much less often than mainstream C libraries.
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), ansi)
+
 CONFIG_CFLAGS += -std=c11
 #CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -ansi
 CONFIG_CXXFLAGS += -std=c++11
-endif
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
 
-ifneq ($(ENABLE_FTRACE),)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DFTRACE
-FTRACE_CCFLAGS = -fno-inline-functions-called-once
-OVERRIDE_CFLAGS += $(FTRACE_CCFLAGS)
-OVERRIDE_CXXFLAGS += $(FTRACE_CCFLAGS)
-# function prologue nops for --ftrace
-ifeq ($(ARCH), x86_64)
-# this flag causes gcc to generate functions like this
-#
-#       nop nop nop nop nop nop nop nop nop
-#     func:
-#       nop nop
-#       ...
-#
-# which tool/build/fixupobj.c improves at build time like this
-#
-#       nop nop nop nop nop nop nop nop nop
-#     func:
-#       xchg %ax,%ax
-#       ...
-#
-# which --ftrace morphs at runtime like this
-#
-#       ud2                # 2 bytes
-#       call ftrace_hook   # 5 bytes
-#       jmp +2             # 2 bytes
-#     func:
-#       jmp -7             # 2 bytes
-#       ...
-#
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -fpatchable-function-entry=18,16
 endif
-ifeq ($(ARCH), aarch64)
-# this flag causes gcc to generate functions like this
-#
-#       nop nop nop nop nop nop
-#     func:
-#       nop
-#       ...
-#
-# which --ftrace morphs at runtime like this
-#
-#       brk #31337
-#       stp x29,x30,[sp,#-16]!
-#       mov x29,sp
-#       bl  ftrace_hook
-#       ldp x29,x30,[sp],#16
-#       b   +1
-#     func:
-#       b   -5
-#       ...
-#
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -fpatchable-function-entry=7,6
-endif
-endif
-
-TARGET_ARCH ?= $(CONFIG_TARGET_ARCH)

build/definitions.mk

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set et ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ──────────────────────┘
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
 #
 # SYNOPSIS
 #
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 #
 #   When tuning the variables below, please note they're interpreted in
 #   the strictest sense. For example, we don't pass CFLAGS to gcc if we
-#   know it's compiling a .S file.  This enables our `make V=0` logging
+#   know it's compiling a .S file. This allows our `make SILENT=0` logs
-#   to be succinct and informative at the cost of being less forgiving.
+#   to be succinct and informative, at the cost of being less forgiving.
 #
 #   Further note that link order is equally unforgiving in repositories
 #   of this scale. We approach that by over-specifying dependencies, in
@@ -33,43 +33,86 @@
 #
 # VARIABLES
 #
-#   Our configuration variables, ordered by increasing preference:
+#     CCFLAGS      gcc frontend flags (.i, .c, .cc, .f, .S, .lds, etc.)
-#
-#     CCFLAGS      frontend flags (.i, .c, .cc, .f, .S, .lds, etc.)
-#     OFLAGS       objectify flags (precludes -S and -E)
 #     CPPFLAGS     preprocessor flags (.h, .c, .cc, .S, .inc, .lds, etc.)
-#     TARGET_ARCH  microarchitecture flags (e.g. -march=native)
-#     COPTS        c/c++ flags (.c, .cc)
 #     CFLAGS       c flags (.c only)
 #     CXXFLAGS     c++ flags (.cc only)
+#     COPTS        c/c++ flags (.c, .cc)
 #     LDFLAGS      linker flags (don't use -Wl, frontend prefix)
 #     ASFLAGS      assembler flags (don't use -Wa, frontend prefix)
-#
+#     TARGET_ARCH  microarchitecture flags (e.g. -march=native)
-#   For each FOO above, there exists (by increasing preference)
-#
-#     DEFAULT_FOO  see build/definitions.mk
-#     CONFIG_FOO   see build/config.mk
-#     FOO          set ~/.cosmo.mk and target-specific
-#     OVERRIDE_FOO set ~/.cosmo.mk and target-specific (use rarely)
-#
 
-ifeq ($(LANDLOCKMAKE_VERSION),)
+DD ?= /bin/dd
-TMPSAFE = $(join $(TMPDIR)/,$(subst /,_,$@)).tmp
+CP ?= /bin/cp -f
-else
+RM ?= /bin/rm -f
-TMPSAFE = $(TMPDIR)/
+SED ?= /bin/sed
-endif
+MKDIR ?= /bin/mkdir -p
+TAGS ?= /usr/bin/ctags  # emacs source builds or something breaks it
+ARFLAGS = rcsD
+SILENT ?= 1
+ZFLAGS ?=
+XARGS ?= xargs -P4 -rs8000
+NICE ?= build/actuallynice
+RAGEL ?= ragel
+DOT ?= dot
+GZ ?= gzip
+CLANG = clang-10
+FC = gfortran  #/opt/cross9f/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gfortran
 
-BACKTRACES =								\
+# see build/compile, etc. which run third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
-	-fno-schedule-insns2						\
+AS = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-as
-	-fno-optimize-sibling-calls					\
+CC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
-	-mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer
+CXX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-g++
+CXXFILT = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-c++filt
+LD = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-ld.bfd
+AR = build/archive
+NM = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-nm
+GCC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
+STRIP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-strip
+OBJCOPY = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objcopy
+OBJDUMP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objdump
+ADDR2LINE = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-addr2line
+
+COMMA := ,
+PWD := $(shell pwd)
+IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL ?= 0x400000
+TMPDIR := $(shell build/findtmp)
+LOGFMT := $(shell build/getlogfmt)
+CCNAME := $(shell build/getccname $(CC))
+CCVERSION := $(shell build/getccversion $(CC))
+BLAH1 := $(shell build/zipobj 2>/dev/null)
+BLAH2 := $(shell build/package 2>/dev/null)
+
+export ADDR2LINE
+export OBJDUMP
+export CCNAME
+export CCVERSION
+export CP
+export DD
+export GZ
+export IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL
+export LOGFMT
+export MKDIR
+export MODE
+export RM
+export SED
+export SILENT
+export TMPDIR
+export ZFLAGS
+
+FTRACE =								\
+	-pg
+
+SANITIZER =								\
+	-fsanitize=leak							\
+	-fsanitize=undefined						\
+	-fsanitize=implicit-signed-integer-truncation			\
+	-fsanitize=implicit-integer-sign-change
 
 NO_MAGIC =								\
-	-ffreestanding							\
+	-mno-fentry							\
 	-fno-stack-protector						\
-	-fwrapv								\
+	-fno-sanitize=all
-	-fno-sanitize=all						\
-	-fpatchable-function-entry=0,0
 
 OLD_CODE =								\
 	-fno-strict-aliasing						\
@@ -80,67 +123,50 @@ TRADITIONAL =								\
 	-Wno-return-type						\
 	-Wno-pointer-sign
 
-DEFAULT_CCFLAGS +=							\
+DEFAULT_CCFLAGS =							\
 	-Wall								\
 	-Werror								\
-	-fno-omit-frame-pointer						\
+	-fdebug-prefix-map="$(PWD)"=					\
 	-frecord-gcc-switches
 
-DEFAULT_COPTS ?=							\
+DEFAULT_OFLAGS =							\
+	-g								\
+	-gdescribe-dies
+
+DEFAULT_COPTS =								\
+	-mno-red-zone							\
+	-fno-math-errno							\
+	-fno-trapping-math						\
+	-fno-fp-int-builtin-inexact					\
 	-fno-ident							\
 	-fno-common							\
 	-fno-gnu-unique							\
 	-fstrict-aliasing						\
 	-fstrict-overflow						\
-	-fno-semantic-interposition
+	-fno-omit-frame-pointer						\
-
+	-fno-semantic-interposition					\
-ifeq ($(ARCH), x86_64)
+	-mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer
-# Microsoft says "[a]ny memory below the stack beyond the red zone
-# [note: Windows defines the x64 red zone size as 0] is considered
-# volatile and may be modified by the operating system at any time."
-# https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20190111-00/?p=100685
-DEFAULT_COPTS +=							\
-	-mno-red-zone							\
-	-mno-tls-direct-seg-refs
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH), aarch64)
-#
-# - Apple says in "Writing ARM64 code for Apple platforms" that we're
-#   not allowed to use the x18 register.
-#
-# - Cosmopolitan Libc uses x28 for thread-local storage because Apple
-#   forbids us from using tpidr_el0 too.
-#
-DEFAULT_COPTS +=							\
-	-ffixed-x18							\
-	-ffixed-x28							\
-	-fsigned-char
-endif
 
 MATHEMATICAL =								\
 	-O3								\
 	-fwrapv
 
-DEFAULT_CPPFLAGS +=							\
+DEFAULT_CPPFLAGS =							\
-	-D_COSMO_SOURCE							\
+	-DIMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL=$(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL)			\
-	-DMODE='"$(MODE)"'						\
-	-Wno-prio-ctor-dtor						\
-	-Wno-unknown-pragmas						\
 	-nostdinc							\
-	-iquote.							\
+	-iquote .
-	-isystem libc/isystem
 
 DEFAULT_CFLAGS =							\
-	-std=gnu23
+	-std=gnu2x
 
 DEFAULT_CXXFLAGS =							\
-	-std=gnu++23							\
+	-std=gnu++11							\
+	-fno-rtti							\
+	-fno-exceptions							\
 	-fuse-cxa-atexit						\
+	-fno-threadsafe-statics						\
 	-Wno-int-in-bool-context					\
-	-Wno-narrowing							\
+	-Wno-narrowing
-	-Wno-literal-suffix						\
-	-isystem third_party/libcxx
 
 DEFAULT_ASFLAGS =							\
 	-W								\
@@ -150,34 +176,23 @@ DEFAULT_ASFLAGS =							\
 DEFAULT_LDFLAGS =							\
 	-static								\
 	-nostdlib							\
-	-znorelro							\
+	-m elf_x86_64							\
 	--gc-sections							\
-	-z noexecstack							\
 	--build-id=none							\
-	--no-dynamic-linker
+	--cref -Map=$@.map						\
-
+	--no-dynamic-linker						\
-# # generate linker report files
+	-z max-page-size=0x1000						\
-# DEFAULT_LDFLAGS += --cref -Map=$@.map
+	-Ttext-segment=$(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL)
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH), aarch64)
-DEFAULT_LDFLAGS +=							\
-	-zmax-page-size=0x4000						\
-	-zcommon-page-size=0x4000					\
-	-znorelro
-else
-DEFAULT_LDFLAGS +=							\
-	-zmax-page-size=0x4000						\
-	-zcommon-page-size=0x1000
-endif
 
 ASONLYFLAGS =								\
-	-c								\
+	-g								\
-	-g
+	--debug-prefix-map="$(PWD)"=
 
 DEFAULT_LDLIBS =
 
 MCA =	llvm-mca-10							\
 	-mtriple=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu					\
+	-iterations=3							\
 	-instruction-info						\
 	-iterations=3							\
 	-all-stats							\
@@ -246,31 +261,41 @@ LD.libs =								\
 	$(CONFIG_LIBS)							\
 	$(LIBS)
 
-COMPILE.c.flags = $(cc.flags) $(copt.flags) $(cpp.flags) $(c.flags)
+COMPILE.c.flags = $(cc.flags) $(cpp.flags) $(copt.flags) $(c.flags)
-COMPILE.cxx.flags = $(cc.flags) $(copt.flags) $(cxx.flags) $(cpp.flags)
+COMPILE.cxx.flags = $(cc.flags) $(cpp.flags) $(copt.flags) $(cxx.flags)
+COMPILE.f.flags = $(cc.flags) $(copt.flags) $(f.flags)
+COMPILE.F.flags = $(cc.flags) $(cpp.flags) $(copt.flags) $(f.flags)
 COMPILE.i.flags = $(cc.flags) $(copt.flags) $(c.flags)
 COMPILE.ii.flags = $(cc.flags) $(copt.flags) $(cxx.flags)
 LINK.flags = $(DEFAULT_LDFLAGS) $(CONFIG_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
-OBJECTIFY.c.flags = $(cc.flags) $(o.flags) $(S.flags) $(cpp.flags) $(copt.flags) $(c.flags)
+OBJECTIFY.c.flags = $(OBJECTIFY.S.flags) $(c.flags)
-OBJECTIFY.cxx.flags = $(cc.flags) $(o.flags) $(S.flags) $(cxx.flags) $(cpp.flags) $(copt.flags)
+OBJECTIFY.cxx.flags = $(OBJECTIFY.S.flags) $(cxx.flags)
 OBJECTIFY.s.flags = $(ASONLYFLAGS) $(s.flags)
-OBJECTIFY.S.flags = $(cc.flags) $(o.flags) $(S.flags) $(cpp.flags)
+OBJECTIFY.S.flags = $(copt.flags) $(cc.flags) $(o.flags) $(cpp.flags) $(S.flags)
+OBJECTIFY.f.flags = $(copt.flags) $(cc.flags) $(o.flags) $(copt.flags) $(S.flags) $(f.flags)
+OBJECTIFY.F.flags = $(OBJECTIFY.f.flags) $(cpp.flags)
 PREPROCESS.flags = -E $(copt.flags) $(cc.flags) $(cpp.flags)
 PREPROCESS.lds.flags = -D__LINKER__ $(filter-out -g%,$(PREPROCESS.flags)) -P -xc
 
 COMPILE.c = $(CC) -S $(COMPILE.c.flags)
 COMPILE.cxx = $(CXX) -S $(COMPILE.cxx.flags)
 COMPILE.i = $(CC) -S $(COMPILE.i.flags)
+COMPILE.f = $(FC) -S $(COMPILE.f.flags)
+COMPILE.F = $(FC) -S $(COMPILE.F.flags)
 OBJECTIFY.s = $(AS) $(OBJECTIFY.s.flags)
 OBJECTIFY.S = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.S.flags) -c
+OBJECTIFY.f = $(FC) $(OBJECTIFY.f.flags) -c
+OBJECTIFY.F = $(FC) $(OBJECTIFY.F.flags) -c
 OBJECTIFY.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -c
 OBJECTIFY.cxx = $(CXX) $(OBJECTIFY.cxx.flags) -c
 PREPROCESS = $(CC) $(PREPROCESS.flags)
 PREPROCESS.lds = $(CC) $(PREPROCESS.lds.flags)
-LINK = $(LD) $(LINK.flags)
+LINK = build/link $(LD) $(LINK.flags)
 ELF = o/libc/elf/elf.lds
-ELFLINK = $(COMPILE) -ALINK.elf $(LINK) $(LINKARGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) && $(COMPILE) -AFIXUP.ape -T$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
+ELFLINK = ACTION=LINK.elf $(LINK) $(LINKARGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION)
+ARCHIVE = $(AR) $(ARFLAGS)
 LINKARGS = $(patsubst %.lds,-T %.lds,$(call uniqr,$(LD.libs) $(filter-out %.pkg,$^)))
+LOLSAN = build/lolsan -b $(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL)
 
 # The compiler won't generate %xmm code for sources extensioned .greg.c,
 # which is needed for C modules wanting to run at the executive level or
@@ -284,8 +309,70 @@ OBJECTIFY.greg.c =							\
 	-fno-instrument-functions					\
 	-fno-optimize-sibling-calls					\
 	-fno-sanitize=all						\
-	-ffreestanding							\
+	-c
-	-fwrapv								\
+
+OBJECTIFY.ansi.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -ansi -Wextra -Werror -pedantic-errors -c
+OBJECTIFY.c99.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -std=c99 -Wextra -Werror -pedantic-errors -c
+OBJECTIFY.c11.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -std=c11 -Wextra -Werror -pedantic-errors -c
+OBJECTIFY.c2x.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -std=c2x -Wextra -Werror -pedantic-errors -c
+
+OBJECTIFY.real.c =							\
+	$(GCC)								\
+	-x-no-pg							\
+	$(OBJECTIFY.c.flags)						\
+	-wrapper build/realify.sh					\
+	-D__REAL_MODE__							\
+	-ffixed-r8							\
+	-ffixed-r9							\
+	-ffixed-r10							\
+	-ffixed-r11							\
+	-ffixed-r12							\
+	-ffixed-r13							\
+	-ffixed-r14							\
+	-ffixed-r15							\
+	-mno-red-zone							\
+	-fcall-used-rbx							\
+	-fno-jump-tables						\
+	-fno-shrink-wrap						\
+	-fno-schedule-insns2						\
+	-flive-range-shrinkage						\
+	-fno-omit-frame-pointer						\
+	-momit-leaf-frame-pointer					\
+	-mpreferred-stack-boundary=3					\
+	-fno-delete-null-pointer-checks					\
+	-c
+
+OBJECTIFY.ncabi.c =							\
+	$(GCC)								\
+	$(OBJECTIFY.c.flags)						\
+	-mno-sse							\
+	-mfpmath=387							\
+	-mno-fentry							\
+	-fno-stack-protector						\
+	-fno-instrument-functions					\
+	-fno-optimize-sibling-calls					\
+	-fno-sanitize=all						\
+	-fcall-saved-rcx						\
+	-fcall-saved-rdx						\
+	-fcall-saved-rdi						\
+	-fcall-saved-rsi						\
+	-fcall-saved-r8							\
+	-fcall-saved-r9							\
+	-fcall-saved-r10						\
+	-fcall-saved-r11						\
+	-c								\
+	-xc
+
+OBJECTIFY.initabi.c =							\
+	$(GCC)								\
+	$(OBJECTIFY.c.flags)						\
+	-mno-fentry							\
+	-fno-stack-protector						\
+	-fno-instrument-functions					\
+	-fno-optimize-sibling-calls					\
+	-fno-sanitize=all						\
+	-fcall-saved-rdi						\
+	-fcall-saved-rsi						\
 	-c
 
 TAGSFLAGS =								\

build/do

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Generic Command Runner
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This does auto mkdir and ephemeral logging.
+#
+# EXAMPLE
+#
+#   build/do PROG [ARGS...]
+
+MKDIR=${MKDIR:-$(command -v mkdir) -p} || exit
+
+# Ensure directory creation if -o PATH flag is passed.
+OUT="$TARGET"
+FIRST=1
+OUTARG=0
+for x; do
+  if [ $FIRST -eq 1 ]; then
+    set --
+    FIRST=0
+  elif [ $OUTARG -eq 1 ]; then
+    OUTARG=0
+    OUT="$x"
+  fi
+  case "$x" in
+    -o)
+      OUTARG=1
+      ;;
+    -o*)
+      OUT=${x#-o}
+      ;;
+  esac
+  set -- "$@" "$x"
+done
+if [ "$OUT" ]; then
+  OUTDIR="${OUT%/*}"
+  if [ "$OUTDIR" != "$OUT" ] && [ ! -d "$OUTDIR" ]; then
+    $MKDIR "$OUTDIR" || exit 2
+  fi
+fi
+
+# Log command.
+if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+  printf "%s\n" "$*" >&2
+else
+  printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-BUILD}" "$TARGET" >&2
+fi
+
+exec "$@"

build/download-cosmocc.sh

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# cosmocc downloader script
-# https://justine.lol/cosmo3/#install
-# https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/blob/master/tool/cosmocc/README.md
-
-# collect arguments
-OUTPUT_DIR=${1:?OUTPUT_DIR}
-COSMOCC_VERSION=${2:?COSMOCC_VERSION}
-COSMOCC_SHA256SUM=${3:?COSMOCC_SHA256SUM}
-URL1="https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/releases/download/${COSMOCC_VERSION}/cosmocc-${COSMOCC_VERSION}.zip"
-URL2="https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmocc/cosmocc-${COSMOCC_VERSION}.zip"
-
-# helper function
-abort() {
-  printf '%s\n' "download terminated." >&2
-  exit 1
-}
-
-# exit if already downloaded
-# we need it because directory timestamps work wierdly
-OUTPUT_DIR=${OUTPUT_DIR%/}
-if [ -d "${OUTPUT_DIR}" ]; then
-  exit 0
-fi
-
-# find commands we need to securely download cosmocc
-if ! UNZIP=$(command -v unzip 2>/dev/null); then
-  printf '%s\n' "$0: fatal error: you need the unzip command" >&2
-  printf '%s\n' "please download https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/unzip and put it on the system path" >&2
-  abort
-fi
-if command -v sha256sum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  # can use system sha256sum
-  true
-elif command -v shasum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  sha256sum() {
-    shasum -a 256 "$@"
-  }
-else
-  if [ ! -f build/sha256sum.c ]; then
-    printf '%s\n' "$0: fatal error: you need to install sha256sum" >&2
-    printf '%s\n' "please download https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/sha256sum and put it on the system path" >&2
-    abort
-  fi
-  if ! SHA256SUM=$(command -v "$PWD/o/build/sha256sum" 2>/dev/null); then
-    if ! CC=$(command -v "$CC" 2>/dev/null); then
-      if ! CC=$(command -v cc 2>/dev/null); then
-        if ! CC=$(command -v cosmocc 2>/dev/null); then
-          printf '%s\n' "$0: fatal error: you need to install either sha256sum, cc, or cosmocc" >&2
-          printf '%s\n' "please download https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/sha256sum and put it on the system path" >&2
-          abort
-        fi
-      fi
-    fi
-    mkdir -p o/build || abort
-    SHA256SUM="$PWD/o/build/sha256sum"
-    printf '%s\n' "${CC} -w -O2 -o ${SHA256SUM} build/sha256sum.c" >&2
-    "${CC}" -w -O2 -o "${SHA256SUM}.$$" build/sha256sum.c || abort
-    mv -f "${SHA256SUM}.$$" "${SHA256SUM}" || abort
-  fi
-  sha256sum() {
-    "${SHA256SUM}" "$@"
-  }
-fi
-if WGET=$(command -v wget 2>/dev/null); then
-  DOWNLOAD=$WGET
-  DOWNLOAD_ARGS=-O
-elif CURL=$(command -v curl 2>/dev/null); then
-  DOWNLOAD=$CURL
-  DOWNLOAD_ARGS=-fLo
-else
-  printf '%s\n' "$0: fatal error: you need to install either wget or curl" >&2
-  printf '%s\n' "please download https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/wget and put it on the system path" >&2
-  abort
-fi
-
-# create temporary output directory
-OLDPWD=$PWD
-OUTPUT_TMP="${OUTPUT_DIR}.tmp.$$/"
-mkdir -p "${OUTPUT_TMP}" || abort
-cd "${OUTPUT_TMP}"
-die() {
-  cd "${OLDPWD}"
-  rm -rf "${OUTPUT_TMP}"
-  abort
-}
-
-# download cosmocc toolchain
-# multiple urls avoids outages and national firewalls
-if ! "${DOWNLOAD}" ${DOWNLOAD_ARGS} cosmocc.zip "${URL1}"; then
-  rm -f cosmocc.zip
-  "${DOWNLOAD}" ${DOWNLOAD_ARGS} cosmocc.zip "${URL2}" || die
-fi
-printf '%s\n' "${COSMOCC_SHA256SUM} *cosmocc.zip" >cosmocc.zip.sha256sum
-sha256sum -c cosmocc.zip.sha256sum || die
-"${UNZIP}" cosmocc.zip || die
-rm -f cosmocc.zip cosmocc.zip.sha256sum
-
-# commit output directory
-cd "${OLDPWD}" || die
-mv "${OUTPUT_TMP}" "${OUTPUT_DIR}" || die
-
-# update current symlink
-BASE=$(basename "${OUTPUT_DIR}")
-DIR=$(dirname "${OUTPUT_DIR}")
-ln -sfn "$BASE" "$DIR/current"

build/findtmp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Temporary Directory Discovery
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   We call this script once per build to ideally find a folder that's
+#   backed by an in-memory file system. We then export it to the TMPDIR
+#   environment variable. Many programs use it under the hood, e.g. gcc,
+#   so it grants many small performance improvements.
+
+MKDIR=${MKDIR:-$(command -v mkdir) -p} || exit
+
+$MKDIR o/tmp
+echo o/tmp

build/functions.mk

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set et ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ──────────────────────┘
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
 #
 # SYNOPSIS
 #
@@ -12,9 +12,5 @@
 
 tail = $(wordlist 2,$(words $1),$1)
 reverse = $(if $1,$(call reverse,$(call tail,$1)) $(firstword $1))
-uniqr = $(if $1,$(call uniqr,$(filter-out $(firstword $1),$1)) $(firstword $1))
-
-# polyfill uniq native (landlock make 1.4)
-ifneq ($(call uniq,c b c a),c b a)
 uniq = $(if $1,$(firstword $1) $(call uniq,$(filter-out $(firstword $1),$1)))
-endif
+uniqr = $(if $1,$(call uniqr,$(filter-out $(firstword $1),$1)) $(firstword $1))

build/gdb

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-exec gdb -q -nh -i=mi $1                   \
-     -ex "set confirm off"                 \
-     -ex "add-symbol-file $1.dbg 0x401000" \
-     -ex "run"

build/getccname

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Compiler Name Discovery
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   Cosmopolitan itself may be built using either GCC and Clang, and our
+#   build irons out many of the differences between the two. This script
+#   determines which one's in play, which is nontrivial, since they tend
+#   to call themselves so many different names.
+
+if [ ! -d o/third_party/gcc ]; then
+  third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
+fi
+
+set -e
+
+SPECIAL_TEXT=$(
+  $1 --version |
+    sed -n '
+        /chibicc/ {
+          i\
+chibicc
+          q
+        }
+        /Free Software/ {
+          i\
+gcc
+          q
+        }
+        /clang/ {
+          i\
+clang
+          q
+        }
+      ')
+
+if [ -z "$SPECIAL_TEXT" ]; then
+  echo gcc
+else
+  printf '%s\n' "$SPECIAL_TEXT"
+fi

build/getccversion

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Compiler Version Discovery
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   Cosmopolitan itself may be built using either GCC and Clang, and our
+#   build irons out many of the differences between the two. This script
+#   is used by build/definitions.mk alongside build/getccname to support
+#   the different versions folks use.
+#
+#   Our aim is to support GCC 4.2.1+ since that's the last GPLv2 version
+#   with any sort of industry consensus. Please note, Cosmopolitan never
+#   links GCC runtimes when using later versions, so some concerns might
+#   not apply.
+
+if [ ! -d o/third_party/gcc ]; then
+  third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
+fi
+
+set -e
+
+MAJOR_VERSION=$(
+  $1 --version |
+    head -n1 |
+    sed -n '
+        s!^[^(]*([^)]*) \([[:digit:]][[:digit:]]*\).*!\1!p
+        s!^.*clang.*version \([[:digit:]][[:digit:]]*\).*!\1!p
+      ')
+
+if [ -z "$MAJOR_VERSION" ]; then
+  echo 6
+else
+  printf '%s\n' "$MAJOR_VERSION"
+fi

build/getlogfmt

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Printf Logger Initializer
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This program is invoked once by build/definitions.mk to choose the
+#   most appropriate format string when logging command invocations.
+
+if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+  printf "''"
+else
+  W1=15
+  if [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then  # e.g. emacs' dismal tty
+    if [ "$COLUMNS" = "" ]; then
+      if TPUT=$(command -v tput); then
+        COLUMNS=$("$TPUT" cols)
+      else
+        COLUMNS=80
+      fi
+    fi
+    COLUMNS=$((COLUMNS - 1))
+    W2=$((COLUMNS - W1))
+    printf '%%-%ds%%-%ds\\r' "$W1" "$W2"
+  else
+    echo ♥cosmo >&2
+    printf '\\033[F\\033[K%%-%ds%%s\\r\\n' "$W1"
+  fi
+fi

build/htags

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set et ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi ─────────────┘
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
 #
 # OVERVIEW
 #
@@ -43,19 +43,12 @@
 #     '(progn
 #        (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'jart-c-mode-common-hook)))
 
-TAGS="$1"
-shift
-
-# ctags doesn't understand atomics, e.g.
-#   extern char **environ;
-set -- --regex-c='/_Atomic(\([^)]*\))/\1/b' "$@"
-
 # ctags doesn't understand variable prototypes, e.g.
 #   extern char **environ;
 set -- --regex-c='/^\(\(hidden\|extern\|const\) \)*[_[:alpha:]][_[:alnum:]]*[ *][ *]*\([_[:alpha:]][_[:alnum:]]*[ *][ *]*\)*\([_[:alpha:]][_$[:alnum:]]*\)/\4/b' "$@"
 
 # ctags doesn't understand function prototypes, e.g.
-#   bool isheap(void *p) dontthrow dontcallback;
+#   bool isheap(void *p) nothrow nocallback;
 set -- --regex-c='/^[_[:alpha:]][_[:alnum:]]*[ *][ *]*\([_[:alpha:]][_[:alnum:]]*[ *][ *]*\)*\([_[:alpha:]][_$[:alnum:]]*\)(.*/\2/b' "$@"
 
 # ctags doesn't understand function pointers, e.g.
@@ -66,7 +59,7 @@ set -- --regex-c='/^extern [^(]*(\*const \([^)]*\))(/\1/b' "$@"
 #   struct WorstSoftwareEver;
 set -- --regex-c='/^struct.*;$/uehocruehcroue/b' "$@"
 
-build/run $TAGS                                                   \
+exec ${TAGS:-ctags}                                               \
      -e                                                           \
      --langmap=c:.c.h                                             \
      --exclude=libc/nt/struct/imagefileheader.internal.h          \

build/includeall

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+
+for x; do
+  printf '#include "%s"\n' "$x"
+done

build/link

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   GNU Linker Veneer
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This script wraps normal linker commands that're transparently
+#   passed-through. It adds ephemeral logging and directory creation.
+#
+# EXAMPLE
+#
+#   build/linker ld -o program program.o
+
+if [ ! -d o/third_party/gcc ]; then
+  third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
+fi
+
+export LC_ALL=C  # very important for ld
+MKDIR=${MKDIR:-$(command -v mkdir) -p} || exit
+
+OUT=
+FIRST=1
+OUTARG=0
+for x; do
+  if [ $FIRST -eq 1 ]; then
+    set --
+    FIRST=0
+  elif [ $OUTARG -eq 1 ]; then
+    OUTARG=0
+    OUT="$x"
+  fi
+  case "$x" in
+    -o)
+      OUTARG=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+  set -- "$@" "$x"
+done
+
+if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+  printf "%s\n" "$*" >&2
+else
+  printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-LINK.elf}" "$OUT" >&2
+fi
+
+OUTDIR="${OUT%/*}"
+if [ "$OUTDIR" != "$OUT" ] && [ ! -d "$OUTDIR" ]; then
+  $MKDIR "$OUTDIR" || exit 2
+fi
+
+REASON=failed
+trap REASON=interrupted INT
+
+"$@" && exit
+
+if [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+  f='%s %s\r\n\r\n'
+else
+  f='\033[91m%s\033[39m \033[94m%s\033[39m\r\n\r\n'
+fi
+printf "$f" "link $REASON:" "$*" >&2
+exit 1

build/mkdeps

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+
+if [ -x "o/$MODE/tool/build/mkdeps.com" ]; then
+  set -- "o/$MODE/tool/build/mkdeps.com" "$@"
+else
+  if [ ! -x o/build/bootstrap/mkdeps.com ]; then
+    mkdir -p o/build/bootstrap &&
+    cp -a build/bootstrap/mkdeps.com \
+       o/build/bootstrap/mkdeps.com || exit
+  fi
+  set -- o/build/bootstrap/mkdeps.com "$@"
+fi
+
+if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+  printf "%s\n" "$*" >&2
+else
+  printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-MKDEPS}" "$3" >&2
+fi
+
+exec "$@"

build/objdump

@@ -1,29 +1,22 @@
 #!/bin/sh
-COSMO=${COSMO:-/opt/cosmo}
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   GNU Disassembly Veneer
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This script wraps normal objdump commands that're transparently
+#   passed-through.
+#
+# EXAMPLE
+#
+#   build/objdump -xd o/tiny/examples/life.com.dbg
 
-if [ -n "$OBJDUMP" ]; then
+if [ ! -d o/third_party/gcc ]; then
-  exec "$OBJDUMP" "$@"
+  third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
 fi
 
-find_objdump() {
+exec o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objdump "$@"
-  if [ -x .cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump ]; then
-    OBJDUMP=.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump
-  elif [ -x .cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump ]; then
-    OBJDUMP=.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump
-  elif [ -x "$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump" ]; then
-    OBJDUMP="$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump"
-  elif [ -x "$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump" ]; then
-    OBJDUMP="$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump"
-  else
-    echo "error: toolchain not found (try running 'cosmocc --update' or 'make' in the cosmo monorepo)" >&2
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
-
-if printf '%s\n' "$*" | grep aarch64 >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-  find_objdump aarch64
-  exec "$OBJDUMP" "$@"
-else
-  find_objdump x86_64
-  exec "$OBJDUMP" "$@"
-fi

build/online.mk

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set et ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ──────────────────────┘
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
 #
 # SYNOPSIS
 #
@@ -22,14 +22,10 @@
 #   - tool/build/runit.c
 #   - tool/build/runitd.c
 
-.PRECIOUS: o/$(MODE)/%.ok
+.PRECIOUS: o/$(MODE)/%.com.ok
-o/$(MODE)/%.ok: private .PLEDGE = stdio rpath wpath cpath proc fattr inet dns
+o/$(MODE)/%.com.ok:					\
-o/$(MODE)/%.ok: private .UNVEIL += r:/etc/resolv.conf
+		o/$(MODE)/tool/build/runit.com.dbg	\
-o/$(MODE)/%.ok:					\
+		o/$(MODE)/tool/build/runitd.com		\
-		o/$(MODE)/tool/build/runit	\
+		o/$(MODE)/%.com
-		o/$(MODE)/tool/build/runitd	\
+	@ACTION=TEST TARGET=$@ build/do $^ $(HOSTS)
-		o/$(MODE)/%
+	@touch $@
-	@$(COMPILE) -wATEST -tT$@ $^ $(HOSTS)
-
-.PHONY:
-o/tiny/tool/build/runit:

build/package

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+
+if [ "$TOOL_BUILD_PACKAGE" ]; then
+  set -- "$TOOL_BUILD_PACKAGE" "$@"
+else
+  if [ -x "o/tool/build/package.com.dbg" ]; then
+    set -- "o/tool/build/package.com.dbg" "$@"
+  else
+    MKDIR=${MKDIR:-$(command -v mkdir) -p} || exit
+    CP=${CP:-$(command -v cp) -f} || exit
+    if [ ! -x o/build/bootstrap/package.com ]; then
+      $MKDIR o/build/bootstrap &&
+        $CP -a build/bootstrap/package.com \
+            o/build/bootstrap/package.com || exit
+    fi
+    set -- o/build/bootstrap/package.com "$@"
+  fi
+fi
+
+printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-PACKAGE}" "$3" >&2
+# if [ "$SILENT" = "0" ]; then
+#   COLUMNS=${COLUMNS:-80}
+#   COLUMNS=$((COLUMNS - 4))
+#   printf "%s\n" "$*" |
+#     /usr/bin/fold -s -w $COLUMNS |
+#     sed -e '1bb' -e 's/^/  /' -e ':b' -e '$b' -e 's/$/ \\/' >&2
+# else
+#   printf "$LOGFMT" "${ACTION:-PACKAGE}" "$3" >&2
+# fi
+
+exec "$@"

build/realify.sed

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #-*-mode:sed;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: et ft=sed ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ────────────────┘
+#───vi: et ft=sed ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────────┘
 #
 # SYNOPSIS
 #

build/rollup

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+
+for x; do
+  printf '#include "%s"\n' "$x"
+done

build/rules.mk

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
-#── vi: set et ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ──────────────────────┘
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
 #
 # SYNOPSIS
 #
@@ -16,190 +16,86 @@
 
 MAKEFLAGS += --no-builtin-rules
 
-MAKE_ZIPCOPY = $(COMPILE) -AZIPCOPY -wT$@ $(ZIPCOPY) $< $@
+o/%.a:; @$(ARCHIVE) $@ $^
-ifneq ($(ARCH), aarch64)
+o/%.o: %.s; @TARGET=$@ build/assemble $(OBJECTIFY.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-MAKE_OBJCOPY = $(COMPILE) -AOBJCOPY -T$@ $(OBJCOPY) -S -O binary $< $@ && $(MAKE_ZIPCOPY)
+o/%.o: o/%.s; @TARGET=$@ build/assemble $(OBJECTIFY.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-else
+o/%.s: %.S; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-MAKE_OBJCOPY = $(COMPILE) -AOBJCOPY -T$@ $(OBJCOPY) -S $< $@ && $(MAKE_ZIPCOPY)
+o/%.s: o/%.S; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-endif
+o/%.i: %.S; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.o: %.S; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.S build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.o: o/%.S; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.S build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.s: %.i; @ACTION=COMPILE.i build/compile $(COMPILE.i) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.s: o/%.i; @ACTION=COMPILE.i build/compile $(COMPILE.i) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.o: %.cc; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.cxx build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.o: o/%.cc; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.cxx build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.lds: %.lds; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS.lds) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.inc: %.h; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -D__ASSEMBLER__ -P $<
+o/%.pkg:; @build/package $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $(addprefix -d,$(filter %.pkg,$^)) $(filter %.o,$^)
+o/%.h.ok: %.h; @ACTION=CHECK.h build/compile $(COMPILE.c) -x c -g0 -o $@ $<
+o/%.h.okk: %.h; @ACTION=CHECK.h build/compile $(COMPILE.cxx) -x c++ -g0 -o $@ $<
+o/%.greg.o: %.greg.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.greg build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.greg.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/%.zip.o: o/%; @build/zipobj $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 
-o/$(MODE)/%: o/$(MODE)/%.dbg
+o/$(MODE)/%.a:; @$(ARCHIVE) $@ $^
-	@$(MAKE_OBJCOPY)
+o/$(MODE)/%: o/$(MODE)/%.dbg; @ACTION=OBJCOPY TARGET=$@ build/do $(OBJCOPY) -SO binary $< $@
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.s; @TARGET=$@ build/assemble $(OBJECTIFY.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: o/$(MODE)/%.s; @TARGET=$@ build/assemble $(OBJECTIFY.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.s: %.S; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.s: o/$(MODE)/%.S; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.c build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.f; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.f build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.f) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.F; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.F build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.F) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: o/$(MODE)/%.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.c build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.ss: %.c; @ACTION=COMPILE.c build/compile $(COMPILE.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.ss: o/$(MODE)/%.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.s build/compile $(COMPILE.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.i: %.S; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.i: %.c; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.i: %.cc; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.i: o/$(MODE)/%.c; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.h: %.c; @ACTION=AMALGAMATE build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -fdirectives-only -P $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.h: o/$(MODE)/%.c; @ACTION=AMALGAMATE build/compile $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -fdirectives-only -P $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.S; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.S build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: o/$(MODE)/%.S; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.S build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.s: %.i; @ACTION=COMPILE.i build/compile $(COMPILE.i) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.s: o/$(MODE)/%.i; @ACTION=COMPILE.i build/compile $(COMPILE.i) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.cc; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.cxx build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: o/$(MODE)/%.cc; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.cxx build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.lds: %.lds; @ACTION=PREPROCESS build/compile $(PREPROCESS.lds) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.h.ok: %.h; @ACTION=CHECK.h build/compile $(COMPILE.c) -x c -g0 -o $@ $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.h.okk: %.h; @ACTION=CHECK.h build/compile $(COMPILE.cxx) -x c++ -g0 -o $@ $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.greg.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.greg build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.greg.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.greg.o: %.greg.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.greg build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.greg.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.ansi.o: %.ansi.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.ansi build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.ansi.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.ansi.o: %.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.ansi build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.ansi.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.c99.o: %.c99.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.c99 build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.c99.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.c11.o: %.c11.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.c11 build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.c11.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.c2x.o: %.c2x.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.c2x build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.c2x.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.initabi.o: %.initabi.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.init build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.initabi.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.ncabi.o: %.ncabi.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.nc build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.ncabi.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.real.o: %.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.real build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.real.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.runs: o/$(MODE)/%; @ACTION=CHECK.runs TARGET=$< build/runcom $< $(TESTARGS) && touch $@
+o/$(MODE)/%.pkg:; @build/package $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $(addprefix -d,$(filter %.pkg,$^)) $(filter %.o,$^)
+o/$(MODE)/%.zip.o: %; @build/zipobj $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.c
+o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.c build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-	@$(COMPILE) -AFIXUPOBJ -wT$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: o/$(MODE)/%.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-	@$(COMPILE) -AFIXUPOBJ -wT$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.h: %.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AAMALGAMATE $(PREPROCESS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -fdirectives-only -P $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.cc
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.cxx $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-	@$(COMPILE) -AFIXUPOBJ -wT$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.cpp
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.cxx $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.lds: %.lds
-	@$(COMPILE) -APREPROCESS $(PREPROCESS.lds) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-ifneq ($(ARCH), aarch64)
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.S
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: o/$(MODE)/%.S
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-else
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.S libc/empty.s
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) libc/empty.s
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: o/$(MODE)/%.S libc/empty.s
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) libc/empty.s
-endif
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.greg.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.greg $(OBJECTIFY.greg.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-	@$(COMPILE) -AFIXUPOBJ -wT$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.greg.o: %.greg.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.greg $(OBJECTIFY.greg.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-	@$(COMPILE) -AFIXUPOBJ -wT$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
-
-o/%.a:
-	$(file >$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@),$^)
-	@$(COMPILE) -AARCHIVE -wT$@ $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ @$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@)
-
-o/%.pkg:
-	$(file >$(TMPSAFE).args,$(filter %.o,$^))
-	@$(COMPILE) -APACKAGE -wT$@ $(PKG) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $(addprefix -d,$(filter %.pkg,$^)) @$(TMPSAFE).args
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.pkg:
-	$(file >$(TMPSAFE).args,$(filter %.o,$^))
-	@$(COMPILE) -APACKAGE -wT$@ $(PKG) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $(addprefix -d,$(filter %.pkg,$^)) @$(TMPSAFE).args
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.py o/$(MODE)/third_party/python/pyobj
-	@$(COMPILE) -wAPYOBJ o/$(MODE)/third_party/python/pyobj $(PYFLAGS) -o $@ $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.pyc: %.py o/$(MODE)/third_party/python/pycomp
-	@$(COMPILE) -wAPYCOMP o/$(MODE)/third_party/python/pycomp $(PYCFLAGS) -o $@ $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.lua: %.lua o/$(MODE)/third_party/lua/luac
-	@$(COMPILE) -wALUAC o/$(MODE)/third_party/lua/luac -s -o $@ $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.lua.runs: %.lua o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean
-	@$(COMPILE) -wALUA -tT$@ o/$(MODE)/tool/net/redbean $(LUAFLAGS) -i $<
-
-################################################################################
-# LOCAL UNIT TESTS
-#
-# We always run unit tests as part of the normal `make` invocation. you
-# may override the $(TESTARGS) variable to do things such as enable the
-# benchmarking feature. For example:
-#
-#     TESTARGS = -b
-#
-# May be specified in your ~/.cosmo.mk file. You can also use this to
-# enable things like function tracing. For example:
-#
-#     TESTARGS = ----ftrace
-#     .PLEDGE += prot_exec
-#
-# You could then run a command like:
-#
-#     make -j8 o//test/libc/calls/openbsd_test.runs
-#
-# You need PROT_EXEC permission since ftrace morphs the binary. It's
-# also worth mentioning that the pledge command can simulate what
-# Landlock Make does:
-#
-#     o//tool/build/pledge \
-#       -v. -p 'stdio rpath wpath cpath tty prot_exec' \
-#       o//test/libc/calls/openbsd_test \
-#       ----ftrace
-#
-# This is useful in the event a test binary should run by itself, but
-# fails to run beneath Landlock Make. It's also useful sometimes to
-# override the verbosity when running tests:
-#
-#     make V=5 TESTARGS=-b o//test/libc/calls/openbsd_test.runs
-#
-# This way, if for some reason a test should fail but calls exit(0),
-# then the stdout/stderr output, which would normally be suppressed,
-# will actually be displayed.
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.runs: o/$(MODE)/%
-	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK -wtT$@ $< $(TESTARGS)
-
-################################################################################
-# ELF ZIP FILES
-#
-# zipobj lets us do fast incremental linking of compressed data.
-# it's nice because if we link a hundred binaries that use the time zone
-# database, then that database only needs to be DEFLATE'd once.
-
-o/%.zip.o: o/%
-	@$(COMPILE) -wAZIPOBJ $(ZIPOBJ) $(ZIPOBJ_FLAGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.zip.o: %
-	@$(COMPILE) -wAZIPOBJ $(ZIPOBJ) $(ZIPOBJ_FLAGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.zip.o: %
-	@$(COMPILE) -wAZIPOBJ $(ZIPOBJ) $(ZIPOBJ_FLAGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-# an issue with sandboxing arises when creating directory entries in the
-# zip file. we need the trailing slash (e.g. o//foo/.zip.o) but Landlock
-# Make avoids sandboxing directory names that have a trailing slash (so
-# they can be used to watch for deleted files, without creating overly
-# broad unveiling). such rules need to be written more explicitly.
-o/$(MODE)%/.zip.o: %
-	@$(COMPILE) -wAZIPOBJ $(ZIPOBJ) $(ZIPOBJ_FLAGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-################################################################################
-# STRICT HEADER CHECKING
-#
-# these rules are unsandboxed since they're already a sandboxing test,
-# and it would be too costly in terms of make latency to have every
-# header file depend on $(HDRS) and $(INCS).
-
-o/%.h.ok: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/%.h.ok: %.h
-	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.c) -xc -g0 -o $@ $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.h.ok: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/$(MODE)/%.h.ok: %.h
-	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.c) -xc -g0 -o $@ $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.hh.ok: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/$(MODE)/%.hh.ok: %.hh
-	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.cxx) -xc++ -g0 -o $@ $<
-
-o/%.okk: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/%.okk: %
-	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.cxx) -xc++ -g0 -o $@ $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%.okk: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/$(MODE)/%.okk: %
-	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.cxx) -xc++ -g0 -o $@ $<
-
-################################################################################
-# EMACS ASSEMBLY GENERATION
-
-o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.cc
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.c
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-# TODO(jart): Make intrinsics support Clang.
 o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: CC = $(CLANG)
-o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.c; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.c build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $< || echo / need $(CLANG) >$@
-o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.cc
+o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.f; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.f build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.f) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: CC = $(CLANG)
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.f; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.f build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.f) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $< || echo / need $(CLANG) >$@
+o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.F; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.F build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.F) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: CC = $(CLANG)
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.F; @ACTION=OBJECTIFY.F build/compile $(OBJECTIFY.F) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $< || echo / need $(CLANG) >$@
+
+# ragel state machine compiler
+.PRECIOUS: build/bootstrap/%.c.gz
+o/$(MODE)/%.c: %.rl build/bootstrap/%.c.gz
+	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+	@$(GZ) $(ZFLAGS) -dc $(<:%.rl=build/bootstrap/%.c.gz) >$@
+	-@ACTION=RAGEL build/do $(RAGEL) $(RAGELFLAGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+build/bootstrap/%.c.gz: %.rl
+	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+	@$(RAGEL) -o $(@:%.gz=%) $<
+	@$(GZ) $(ZFLAGS) -f $(@:%.gz=%)
+%.svgz: %.rl
+	@$(RAGEL) -V -p $< | $(DOT) -Tsvg | $(GZ) $(ZFLAGS) >$@