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sched, cputime: Introduce thread_group_times() 

This is a real fix for problem of utime/stime values decreasing
described in the thread:

   http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/11/3/522

Now cputime is accounted in the following way:

 - {u,s}time in task_struct are increased every time when the thread
   is interrupted by a tick (timer interrupt).

 - When a thread exits, its {u,s}time are added to signal->{u,s}time,
   after adjusted by task_times().

 - When all threads in a thread_group exits, accumulated {u,s}time
   (and also c{u,s}time) in signal struct are added to c{u,s}time
   in signal struct of the group's parent.

So {u,s}time in task struct are "raw" tick count, while
{u,s}time and c{u,s}time in signal struct are "adjusted" values.

And accounted values are used by:

 - task_times(), to get cputime of a thread:
   This function returns adjusted values that originates from raw
   {u,s}time and scaled by sum_exec_runtime that accounted by CFS.

 - thread_group_cputime(), to get cputime of a thread group:
   This function returns sum of all {u,s}time of living threads in
   the group, plus {u,s}time in the signal struct that is sum of
   adjusted cputimes of all exited threads belonged to the group.

The problem is the return value of thread_group_cputime(),
because it is mixed sum of "raw" value and "adjusted" value:

  group's {u,s}time = foreach(thread){{u,s}time} + exited({u,s}time)

This misbehavior can break {u,s}time monotonicity.
Assume that if there is a thread that have raw values greater
than adjusted values (e.g. interrupted by 1000Hz ticks 50 times
but only runs 45ms) and if it exits, cputime will decrease (e.g.
-5ms).

To fix this, we could do:

  group's {u,s}time = foreach(t){task_times(t)} + exited({u,s}time)

But task_times() contains hard divisions, so applying it for
every thread should be avoided.

This patch fixes the above problem in the following way:

 - Modify thread's exit (= __exit_signal()) not to use task_times().
   It means {u,s}time in signal struct accumulates raw values instead
   of adjusted values.  As the result it makes thread_group_cputime()
   to return pure sum of "raw" values.

 - Introduce a new function thread_group_times(*task, *utime, *stime)
   that converts "raw" values of thread_group_cputime() to "adjusted"
   values, in same calculation procedure as task_times().

 - Modify group's exit (= wait_task_zombie()) to use this introduced
   thread_group_times().  It make c{u,s}time in signal struct to
   have adjusted values like before this patch.

 - Replace some thread_group_cputime() by thread_group_times().
   This replacements are only applied where conveys the "adjusted"
   cputime to users, and where already uses task_times() near by it.
   (i.e. sys_times(), getrusage(), and /proc/<PID>/stat.)

This patch have a positive side effect:

 - Before this patch, if a group contains many short-life threads
   (e.g. runs 0.9ms and not interrupted by ticks), the group's
   cputime could be invisible since thread's cputime was accumulated
   after adjusted: imagine adjustment function as adj(ticks, runtime),
     {adj(0, 0.9) + adj(0, 0.9) + ....} = {0 + 0 + ....} = 0.
   After this patch it will not happen because the adjustment is
   applied after accumulated.

v2:
 - remove if()s, put new variables into signal_struct.

Signed-off-by: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Spencer Candland <spencer@bluehost.com>
Cc: Americo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <4B162517.8040909@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This commit is contained in:
Hidetoshi Seto 2009-12-02 17:28:07 +09:00 committed by Ingo Molnar
parent d99ca3b977
commit 0cf55e1ec0
6 changed files with 69 additions and 25 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

5
fs/proc/array.c
View File

@ -506,7 +506,6 @@ static int do_task_stat(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
/* add up live thread stats at the group level */
if (whole) {
struct task_cputime cputime;
struct task_struct *t = task;
do {
min_flt += t->min_flt;
@ -517,9 +516,7 @@ static int do_task_stat(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
min_flt += sig->min_flt;
maj_flt += sig->maj_flt;
thread_group_cputime(task, &cputime);
utime = cputime.utime;
stime = cputime.stime;
thread_group_times(task, &utime, &stime);
gtime = cputime_add(gtime, sig->gtime);
}

4
include/linux/sched.h
View File

@ -624,6 +624,9 @@ struct signal_struct {
cputime_t utime, stime, cutime, cstime;
cputime_t gtime;
cputime_t cgtime;
#ifndef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
cputime_t prev_utime, prev_stime;
#endif
unsigned long nvcsw, nivcsw, cnvcsw, cnivcsw;
unsigned long min_flt, maj_flt, cmin_flt, cmaj_flt;
unsigned long inblock, oublock, cinblock, coublock;
@ -1723,6 +1726,7 @@ static inline void put_task_struct(struct task_struct *t)
}
extern void task_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st);
extern void thread_group_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st);
/*
* Per process flags

23
kernel/exit.c
View File

@ -91,8 +91,6 @@ static void __exit_signal(struct task_struct *tsk)
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sig->count))
posix_cpu_timers_exit_group(tsk);
else {
cputime_t utime, stime;
/*
* If there is any task waiting for the group exit
* then notify it:
@ -112,9 +110,8 @@ static void __exit_signal(struct task_struct *tsk)
* We won't ever get here for the group leader, since it
* will have been the last reference on the signal_struct.
*/
task_times(tsk, &utime, &stime);
sig->utime = cputime_add(sig->utime, utime);
sig->stime = cputime_add(sig->stime, stime);
sig->utime = cputime_add(sig->utime, tsk->utime);
sig->stime = cputime_add(sig->stime, tsk->stime);
sig->gtime = cputime_add(sig->gtime, tsk->gtime);
sig->min_flt += tsk->min_flt;
sig->maj_flt += tsk->maj_flt;
@ -1208,6 +1205,7 @@ static int wait_task_zombie(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p)
struct signal_struct *psig;
struct signal_struct *sig;
unsigned long maxrss;
cputime_t tgutime, tgstime;
/*
* The resource counters for the group leader are in its
@ -1223,20 +1221,23 @@ static int wait_task_zombie(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p)
* need to protect the access to parent->signal fields,
* as other threads in the parent group can be right
* here reaping other children at the same time.
*
* We use thread_group_times() to get times for the thread
* group, which consolidates times for all threads in the
* group including the group leader.
*/
thread_group_times(p, &tgutime, &tgstime);
spin_lock_irq(&p->real_parent->sighand->siglock);
psig = p->real_parent->signal;
sig = p->signal;
psig->cutime =
cputime_add(psig->cutime,
cputime_add(p->utime,
cputime_add(sig->utime,
sig->cutime)));
cputime_add(tgutime,
sig->cutime));
psig->cstime =
cputime_add(psig->cstime,
cputime_add(p->stime,
cputime_add(sig->stime,
sig->cstime)));
cputime_add(tgstime,
sig->cstime));
psig->cgtime =
cputime_add(psig->cgtime,
cputime_add(p->gtime,

3
kernel/fork.c
View File

@ -884,6 +884,9 @@ static int copy_signal(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
sig->utime = sig->stime = sig->cutime = sig->cstime = cputime_zero;
sig->gtime = cputime_zero;
sig->cgtime = cputime_zero;
#ifndef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
sig->prev_utime = sig->prev_stime = cputime_zero;
#endif
sig->nvcsw = sig->nivcsw = sig->cnvcsw = sig->cnivcsw = 0;
sig->min_flt = sig->maj_flt = sig->cmin_flt = sig->cmaj_flt = 0;
sig->inblock = sig->oublock = sig->cinblock = sig->coublock = 0;

41
kernel/sched.c
View File

@ -5187,6 +5187,16 @@ void task_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
*ut = p->utime;
*st = p->stime;
}
void thread_group_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
{
struct task_cputime cputime;
thread_group_cputime(p, &cputime);
*ut = cputime.utime;
*st = cputime.stime;
}
#else
#ifndef nsecs_to_cputime
@ -5220,6 +5230,37 @@ void task_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
*ut = p->prev_utime;
*st = p->prev_stime;
}
/*
* Must be called with siglock held.
*/
void thread_group_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
{
struct signal_struct *sig = p->signal;
struct task_cputime cputime;
cputime_t rtime, utime, total;
thread_group_cputime(p, &cputime);
total = cputime_add(cputime.utime, cputime.stime);
rtime = nsecs_to_cputime(cputime.sum_exec_runtime);
if (total) {
u64 temp;
temp = (u64)(rtime * cputime.utime);
do_div(temp, total);
utime = (cputime_t)temp;
} else
utime = rtime;
sig->prev_utime = max(sig->prev_utime, utime);
sig->prev_stime = max(sig->prev_stime,
cputime_sub(rtime, sig->prev_utime));
*ut = sig->prev_utime;
*st = sig->prev_stime;
}
#endif
/*

18
kernel/sys.c
View File

@ -911,16 +911,15 @@ change_okay:
void do_sys_times(struct tms *tms)
{
struct task_cputime cputime;
cputime_t cutime, cstime;
cputime_t tgutime, tgstime, cutime, cstime;
thread_group_cputime(current, &cputime);
spin_lock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
thread_group_times(current, &tgutime, &tgstime);
cutime = current->signal->cutime;
cstime = current->signal->cstime;
spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
tms->tms_utime = cputime_to_clock_t(cputime.utime);
tms->tms_stime = cputime_to_clock_t(cputime.stime);
tms->tms_utime = cputime_to_clock_t(tgutime);
tms->tms_stime = cputime_to_clock_t(tgstime);
tms->tms_cutime = cputime_to_clock_t(cutime);
tms->tms_cstime = cputime_to_clock_t(cstime);
}
@ -1338,8 +1337,7 @@ static void k_getrusage(struct task_struct *p, int who, struct rusage *r)
{
struct task_struct *t;
unsigned long flags;
cputime_t utime, stime;
struct task_cputime cputime;
cputime_t tgutime, tgstime, utime, stime;
unsigned long maxrss = 0;
memset((char *) r, 0, sizeof *r);
@ -1372,9 +1370,9 @@ static void k_getrusage(struct task_struct *p, int who, struct rusage *r)
break;
case RUSAGE_SELF:
thread_group_cputime(p, &cputime);
utime = cputime_add(utime, cputime.utime);
stime = cputime_add(stime, cputime.stime);
thread_group_times(p, &tgutime, &tgstime);
utime = cputime_add(utime, tgutime);
stime = cputime_add(stime, tgstime);
r->ru_nvcsw += p->signal->nvcsw;
r->ru_nivcsw += p->signal->nivcsw;
r->ru_minflt += p->signal->min_flt;