Documentation/admin-guide: blockdev/ramdisk: remove use of "rdev"
Remove use of "rdev" from blockdev/ramdisk.rst and update
admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt.
"rdev" is considered antiquated, ancient, archaic, obsolete, deprecated
{choose any or all}.
"rdev" was removed from util-linux in 2010:
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/util-linux/util-linux.git/commit/?id=a3e40c14651fccf18e7954f081e601389baefe3f
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: linux-block@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
Cc: linux-video@atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200918015640.8439-3-rdunlap@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
This commit is contained in:
Randy Dunlap
Jonathan Corbet
parent
fc67d5bc87
commit
6b99e6e6aa
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Using the RAM disk block device with Linux
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1) Overview
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2) Kernel Command Line Parameters
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3) Using "rdev -r"
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3) Using "rdev"
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4) An Example of Creating a Compressed RAM Disk
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@ -59,51 +59,27 @@ default is 4096 (4 MB).
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rd_size
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See ramdisk_size.
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3) Using "rdev -r"
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------------------
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3) Using "rdev"
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---------------
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The usage of the word (two bytes) that "rdev -r" sets in the kernel image is
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as follows. The low 11 bits (0 -> 10) specify an offset (in 1 k blocks) of up
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to 2 MB (2^11) of where to find the RAM disk (this used to be the size). Bit
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14 indicates that a RAM disk is to be loaded, and bit 15 indicates whether a
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prompt/wait sequence is to be given before trying to read the RAM disk. Since
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the RAM disk dynamically grows as data is being written into it, a size field
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is not required. Bits 11 to 13 are not currently used and may as well be zero.
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These numbers are no magical secrets, as seen below::
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"rdev" is an obsolete, deprecated, antiquated utility that could be used
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to set the boot device in a Linux kernel image.
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./arch/x86/kernel/setup.c:#define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
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./arch/x86/kernel/setup.c:#define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
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./arch/x86/kernel/setup.c:#define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
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Instead of using rdev, just place the boot device information on the
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kernel command line and pass it to the kernel from the bootloader.
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Consider a typical two floppy disk setup, where you will have the
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kernel on disk one, and have already put a RAM disk image onto disk #2.
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You can also pass arguments to the kernel by setting FDARGS in
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arch/x86/boot/Makefile and specify in initrd image by setting FDINITRD in
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arch/x86/boot/Makefile.
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Hence you want to set bits 0 to 13 as 0, meaning that your RAM disk
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starts at an offset of 0 kB from the beginning of the floppy.
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The command line equivalent is: "ramdisk_start=0"
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Some of the kernel command line boot options that may apply here are::
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You want bit 14 as one, indicating that a RAM disk is to be loaded.
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The command line equivalent is: "load_ramdisk=1"
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You want bit 15 as one, indicating that you want a prompt/keypress
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sequence so that you have a chance to switch floppy disks.
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The command line equivalent is: "prompt_ramdisk=1"
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Putting that together gives 2^15 + 2^14 + 0 = 49152 for an rdev word.
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So to create disk one of the set, you would do::
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/usr/src/linux# cat arch/x86/boot/zImage > /dev/fd0
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/usr/src/linux# rdev /dev/fd0 /dev/fd0
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/usr/src/linux# rdev -r /dev/fd0 49152
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ramdisk_start=N
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ramdisk_size=M
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If you make a boot disk that has LILO, then for the above, you would use::
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append = "ramdisk_start=0 load_ramdisk=1 prompt_ramdisk=1"
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Since the default start = 0 and the default prompt = 1, you could use::
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append = "load_ramdisk=1"
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append = "ramdisk_start=N ramdisk_size=M"
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4) An Example of Creating a Compressed RAM Disk
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-----------------------------------------------
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@ -151,12 +127,9 @@ f) Put the RAM disk image onto the floppy, after the kernel. Use an offset
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dd if=/tmp/ram_image.gz of=/dev/fd0 bs=1k seek=400
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g) Use "rdev" to set the boot device, RAM disk offset, prompt flag, etc.
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For prompt_ramdisk=1, load_ramdisk=1, ramdisk_start=400, one would
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have 2^15 + 2^14 + 400 = 49552::
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rdev /dev/fd0 /dev/fd0
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rdev -r /dev/fd0 49552
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g) Make sure that you have already specified the boot information in
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FDARGS and FDINITRD or that you use a bootloader to pass kernel
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command line boot options to the kernel.
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That is it. You now have your boot/root compressed RAM disk floppy. Some
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users may wish to combine steps (d) and (f) by using a pipe.
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@ -167,11 +140,14 @@ users may wish to combine steps (d) and (f) by using a pipe.
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Changelog:
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----------
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SEPT-2020 :
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Removed usage of "rdev"
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10-22-04 :
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Updated to reflect changes in command line options, remove
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obsolete references, general cleanup.
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James Nelson (james4765@gmail.com)
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12-95 :
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Original Document
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@ -2453,8 +2453,7 @@
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memblock=debug [KNL] Enable memblock debug messages.
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load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
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See Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/ramdisk.rst.
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load_ramdisk= [RAM] [Deprecated]
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lockd.nlm_grace_period=P [NFS] Assign grace period.
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Format: <integer>
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@ -3933,9 +3932,7 @@
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Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
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statistical time based profiling.
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prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
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before loading.
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See Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/ramdisk.rst.
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prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] [Deprecated]
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prot_virt= [S390] enable hosting protected virtual machines
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isolated from the hypervisor (if hardware supports
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@ -3993,6 +3990,8 @@
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ramdisk_size= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
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See Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/ramdisk.rst.
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ramdisk_start= [RAM] RAM disk image start address
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random.trust_cpu={on,off}
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[KNL] Enable or disable trusting the use of the
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CPU's random number generator (if available) to
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