PM: sleep: Fix possible deadlocks in core system-wide PM code

It is reported that in low-memory situations the system-wide resume core
code deadlocks, because async_schedule_dev() executes its argument
function synchronously if it cannot allocate memory (and not only in
that case) and that function attempts to acquire a mutex that is already
held.  Executing the argument function synchronously from within
dpm_async_fn() may also be problematic for ordering reasons (it may
cause a consumer device's resume callback to be invoked before a
requisite supplier device's one, for example).

Address this by changing the code in question to use
async_schedule_dev_nocall() for scheduling the asynchronous
execution of device suspend and resume functions and to directly
run them synchronously if async_schedule_dev_nocall() returns false.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pm/ZYvjiqX6EsL15moe@perf/
Reported-by: Youngmin Nam <youngmin.nam@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <stanislaw.gruszka@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Youngmin Nam <youngmin.nam@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: 5.7+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.7+: 6aa09a5bcc async: Split async_schedule_node_domain()
Cc: 5.7+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.7+: 7d4b5d7a37 async: Introduce async_schedule_dev_nocall()
Cc: 5.7+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.7+

drivers/base/power/main.c

@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ bool dev_pm_skip_resume(struct device *dev)
 }
 
 /**
- * device_resume_noirq - Execute a "noirq resume" callback for given device.
+ * __device_resume_noirq - Execute a "noirq resume" callback for given device.
  * @dev: Device to handle.
  * @state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
  * @async: If true, the device is being resumed asynchronously.
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ bool dev_pm_skip_resume(struct device *dev)
  * The driver of @dev will not receive interrupts while this function is being
  * executed.
  */
-static int device_resume_noirq(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool async)
+static void __device_resume_noirq(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool async)
 {
 	pm_callback_t callback = NULL;
 	const char *info = NULL;
@@ -655,7 +655,13 @@ static int device_resume_noirq(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool asyn
 Out:
 	complete_all(&dev->power.completion);
 	TRACE_RESUME(error);
-	return error;
+
+	if (error) {
+		suspend_stats.failed_resume_noirq++;
+		dpm_save_failed_step(SUSPEND_RESUME_NOIRQ);
+		dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
+		pm_dev_err(dev, state, async ? " async noirq" : " noirq", error);
+	}
 }
 
 static bool is_async(struct device *dev)
@@ -668,11 +674,15 @@ static bool dpm_async_fn(struct device *dev, async_func_t func)
 {
 	reinit_completion(&dev->power.completion);
 
-	if (is_async(dev)) {
+	if (!is_async(dev))
-		get_device(dev);
+		return false;
-		async_schedule_dev(func, dev);
+
+	get_device(dev);
+
+	if (async_schedule_dev_nocall(func, dev))
 		return true;
-	}
+
+	put_device(dev);
 
 	return false;
 }
@@ -680,15 +690,19 @@ static bool dpm_async_fn(struct device *dev, async_func_t func)
 static void async_resume_noirq(void *data, async_cookie_t cookie)
 {
 	struct device *dev = data;
-	int error;
-
-	error = device_resume_noirq(dev, pm_transition, true);
-	if (error)
-		pm_dev_err(dev, pm_transition, " async", error);
 
+	__device_resume_noirq(dev, pm_transition, true);
 	put_device(dev);
 }
 
+static void device_resume_noirq(struct device *dev)
+{
+	if (dpm_async_fn(dev, async_resume_noirq))
+		return;
+
+	__device_resume_noirq(dev, pm_transition, false);
+}
+
 static void dpm_noirq_resume_devices(pm_message_t state)
 {
 	struct device *dev;
@@ -698,14 +712,6 @@ static void dpm_noirq_resume_devices(pm_message_t state)
 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
 	pm_transition = state;
 
-	/*
-	 * Advanced the async threads upfront,
-	 * in case the starting of async threads is
-	 * delayed by non-async resuming devices.
-	 */
-	list_for_each_entry(dev, &dpm_noirq_list, power.entry)
-		dpm_async_fn(dev, async_resume_noirq);
-
 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_noirq_list)) {
 		dev = to_device(dpm_noirq_list.next);
 		get_device(dev);
@@ -713,17 +719,7 @@ static void dpm_noirq_resume_devices(pm_message_t state)
 
 		mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
 
-		if (!is_async(dev)) {
+		device_resume_noirq(dev);
-			int error;
-
-			error = device_resume_noirq(dev, state, false);
-			if (error) {
-				suspend_stats.failed_resume_noirq++;
-				dpm_save_failed_step(SUSPEND_RESUME_NOIRQ);
-				dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
-				pm_dev_err(dev, state, " noirq", error);
-			}
-		}
 
 		put_device(dev);
 
@@ -751,14 +747,14 @@ void dpm_resume_noirq(pm_message_t state)
 }
 
 /**
- * device_resume_early - Execute an "early resume" callback for given device.
+ * __device_resume_early - Execute an "early resume" callback for given device.
  * @dev: Device to handle.
  * @state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
  * @async: If true, the device is being resumed asynchronously.
  *
  * Runtime PM is disabled for @dev while this function is being executed.
  */
-static int device_resume_early(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool async)
+static void __device_resume_early(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool async)
 {
 	pm_callback_t callback = NULL;
 	const char *info = NULL;
@@ -811,21 +807,31 @@ static int device_resume_early(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool asyn
 
 	pm_runtime_enable(dev);
 	complete_all(&dev->power.completion);
-	return error;
+
+	if (error) {
+		suspend_stats.failed_resume_early++;
+		dpm_save_failed_step(SUSPEND_RESUME_EARLY);
+		dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
+		pm_dev_err(dev, state, async ? " async early" : " early", error);
+	}
 }
 
 static void async_resume_early(void *data, async_cookie_t cookie)
 {
 	struct device *dev = data;
-	int error;
-
-	error = device_resume_early(dev, pm_transition, true);
-	if (error)
-		pm_dev_err(dev, pm_transition, " async", error);
 
+	__device_resume_early(dev, pm_transition, true);
 	put_device(dev);
 }
 
+static void device_resume_early(struct device *dev)
+{
+	if (dpm_async_fn(dev, async_resume_early))
+		return;
+
+	__device_resume_early(dev, pm_transition, false);
+}
+
 /**
  * dpm_resume_early - Execute "early resume" callbacks for all devices.
  * @state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
@@ -839,14 +845,6 @@ void dpm_resume_early(pm_message_t state)
 	mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
 	pm_transition = state;
 
-	/*
-	 * Advanced the async threads upfront,
-	 * in case the starting of async threads is
-	 * delayed by non-async resuming devices.
-	 */
-	list_for_each_entry(dev, &dpm_late_early_list, power.entry)
-		dpm_async_fn(dev, async_resume_early);
-
 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_late_early_list)) {
 		dev = to_device(dpm_late_early_list.next);
 		get_device(dev);
@@ -854,17 +852,7 @@ void dpm_resume_early(pm_message_t state)
 
 		mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
 
-		if (!is_async(dev)) {
+		device_resume_early(dev);
-			int error;
-
-			error = device_resume_early(dev, state, false);
-			if (error) {
-				suspend_stats.failed_resume_early++;
-				dpm_save_failed_step(SUSPEND_RESUME_EARLY);
-				dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
-				pm_dev_err(dev, state, " early", error);
-			}
-		}
 
 		put_device(dev);
 
@@ -888,12 +876,12 @@ void dpm_resume_start(pm_message_t state)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dpm_resume_start);
 
 /**
- * device_resume - Execute "resume" callbacks for given device.
+ * __device_resume - Execute "resume" callbacks for given device.
  * @dev: Device to handle.
  * @state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
  * @async: If true, the device is being resumed asynchronously.
  */
-static int device_resume(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool async)
+static void __device_resume(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool async)
 {
 	pm_callback_t callback = NULL;
 	const char *info = NULL;
@@ -975,20 +963,30 @@ static int device_resume(struct device *dev, pm_message_t state, bool async)
 
 	TRACE_RESUME(error);
 
-	return error;
+	if (error) {
+		suspend_stats.failed_resume++;
+		dpm_save_failed_step(SUSPEND_RESUME);
+		dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
+		pm_dev_err(dev, state, async ? " async" : "", error);
+	}
 }
 
 static void async_resume(void *data, async_cookie_t cookie)
 {
 	struct device *dev = data;
-	int error;
 
-	error = device_resume(dev, pm_transition, true);
+	__device_resume(dev, pm_transition, true);
-	if (error)
-		pm_dev_err(dev, pm_transition, " async", error);
 	put_device(dev);
 }
 
+static void device_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	if (dpm_async_fn(dev, async_resume))
+		return;
+
+	__device_resume(dev, pm_transition, false);
+}
+
 /**
  * dpm_resume - Execute "resume" callbacks for non-sysdev devices.
  * @state: PM transition of the system being carried out.
@@ -1008,27 +1006,17 @@ void dpm_resume(pm_message_t state)
 	pm_transition = state;
 	async_error = 0;
 
-	list_for_each_entry(dev, &dpm_suspended_list, power.entry)
-		dpm_async_fn(dev, async_resume);
-
 	while (!list_empty(&dpm_suspended_list)) {
 		dev = to_device(dpm_suspended_list.next);
+
 		get_device(dev);
-		if (!is_async(dev)) {
-			int error;
 
-			mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+		mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
 
-			error = device_resume(dev, state, false);
+		device_resume(dev);
-			if (error) {
+
-				suspend_stats.failed_resume++;
+		mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
-				dpm_save_failed_step(SUSPEND_RESUME);
-				dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
-				pm_dev_err(dev, state, "", error);
-			}
 
-			mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
-		}
 		if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
 			list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_prepared_list);