diff --git a/drivers/acpi/apei/ghes.c b/drivers/acpi/apei/ghes.c
index 72c1dac64ea8..63dcd25b09c0 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/apei/ghes.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/apei/ghes.c
@@ -767,66 +767,21 @@ static struct notifier_block ghes_notifier_hed = {
 	.notifier_call = ghes_notify_hed,
 };
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_SEA
-static LIST_HEAD(ghes_sea);
-
-/*
- * Return 0 only if one of the SEA error sources successfully reported an error
- * record sent from the firmware.
- */
-int ghes_notify_sea(void)
-{
-	struct ghes *ghes;
-	int ret = -ENOENT;
-
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	list_for_each_entry_rcu(ghes, &ghes_sea, list) {
-		if (!ghes_proc(ghes))
-			ret = 0;
-	}
-	rcu_read_unlock();
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void ghes_sea_add(struct ghes *ghes)
-{
-	mutex_lock(&ghes_list_mutex);
-	list_add_rcu(&ghes->list, &ghes_sea);
-	mutex_unlock(&ghes_list_mutex);
-}
-
-static void ghes_sea_remove(struct ghes *ghes)
-{
-	mutex_lock(&ghes_list_mutex);
-	list_del_rcu(&ghes->list);
-	mutex_unlock(&ghes_list_mutex);
-	synchronize_rcu();
-}
-#else /* CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_SEA */
-static inline void ghes_sea_add(struct ghes *ghes) { }
-static inline void ghes_sea_remove(struct ghes *ghes) { }
-#endif /* CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_SEA */
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ACPI_APEI_NMI
 /*
- * printk is not safe in NMI context.  So in NMI handler, we allocate
- * required memory from lock-less memory allocator
- * (ghes_estatus_pool), save estatus into it, put them into lock-less
- * list (ghes_estatus_llist), then delay printk into IRQ context via
- * irq_work (ghes_proc_irq_work).  ghes_estatus_size_request record
- * required pool size by all NMI error source.
+ * Handlers for CPER records may not be NMI safe. For example,
+ * memory_failure_queue() takes spinlocks and calls schedule_work_on().
+ * In any NMI-like handler, memory from ghes_estatus_pool is used to save
+ * estatus, and added to the ghes_estatus_llist. irq_work_queue() causes
+ * ghes_proc_in_irq() to run in IRQ context where each estatus in
+ * ghes_estatus_llist is processed.
+ *
+ * Memory from the ghes_estatus_pool is also used with the ghes_estatus_cache
+ * to suppress frequent messages.
  */
 static struct llist_head ghes_estatus_llist;
 static struct irq_work ghes_proc_irq_work;
 
-/*
- * NMI may be triggered on any CPU, so ghes_in_nmi is used for
- * having only one concurrent reader.
- */
-static atomic_t ghes_in_nmi = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
-
-static LIST_HEAD(ghes_nmi);
-
 static void ghes_proc_in_irq(struct irq_work *irq_work)
 {
 	struct llist_node *llnode, *next;
@@ -948,6 +903,56 @@ static int ghes_in_nmi_spool_from_list(struct list_head *rcu_list)
 
 	return ret;
 }
+#endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ACPI_APEI_NMI */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_SEA
+static LIST_HEAD(ghes_sea);
+
+/*
+ * Return 0 only if one of the SEA error sources successfully reported an error
+ * record sent from the firmware.
+ */
+int ghes_notify_sea(void)
+{
+	struct ghes *ghes;
+	int ret = -ENOENT;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	list_for_each_entry_rcu(ghes, &ghes_sea, list) {
+		if (!ghes_proc(ghes))
+			ret = 0;
+	}
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void ghes_sea_add(struct ghes *ghes)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&ghes_list_mutex);
+	list_add_rcu(&ghes->list, &ghes_sea);
+	mutex_unlock(&ghes_list_mutex);
+}
+
+static void ghes_sea_remove(struct ghes *ghes)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&ghes_list_mutex);
+	list_del_rcu(&ghes->list);
+	mutex_unlock(&ghes_list_mutex);
+	synchronize_rcu();
+}
+#else /* CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_SEA */
+static inline void ghes_sea_add(struct ghes *ghes) { }
+static inline void ghes_sea_remove(struct ghes *ghes) { }
+#endif /* CONFIG_ACPI_APEI_SEA */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ACPI_APEI_NMI
+/*
+ * NMI may be triggered on any CPU, so ghes_in_nmi is used for
+ * having only one concurrent reader.
+ */
+static atomic_t ghes_in_nmi = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
+
+static LIST_HEAD(ghes_nmi);
 
 static int ghes_notify_nmi(unsigned int cmd, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {