diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
index 262c41a8f96e..20283bead10a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
@@ -1116,6 +1116,60 @@ get_hda_cvt_setup(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
 	return p;
 }
 
+/*
+ * PCM device
+ */
+static void release_pcm(struct kref *kref)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm = container_of(kref, struct hda_pcm, kref);
+
+	if (pcm->pcm)
+		snd_device_free(pcm->codec->card, pcm->pcm);
+	clear_bit(pcm->device, pcm->codec->bus->pcm_dev_bits);
+	kfree(pcm->name);
+	kfree(pcm);
+}
+
+void snd_hda_codec_pcm_put(struct hda_pcm *pcm)
+{
+	kref_put(&pcm->kref, release_pcm);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_pcm_put);
+
+struct hda_pcm *snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				      const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm;
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	pcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*pcm), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!pcm)
+		return NULL;
+
+	pcm->codec = codec;
+	kref_init(&pcm->kref);
+	pcm->name = kvasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, fmt, args);
+	if (!pcm->name) {
+		kfree(pcm);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	list_add_tail(&pcm->list, &codec->pcm_list_head);
+	return pcm;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_pcm_new);
+
+static void codec_release_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm, *n;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pcm, n, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
+		list_del_init(&pcm->list);
+		snd_hda_codec_pcm_put(pcm);
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * codec destructor
  */
@@ -1124,6 +1178,7 @@ static void snd_hda_codec_free(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	if (!codec)
 		return;
 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&codec->jackpoll_work);
+	codec_release_pcms(codec);
 	if (device_is_registered(hda_codec_dev(codec)))
 		device_del(hda_codec_dev(codec));
 	snd_hda_jack_tbl_clear(codec);
@@ -1251,6 +1306,7 @@ int snd_hda_codec_new(struct hda_bus *bus, struct snd_card *card,
 	snd_array_init(&codec->jacktbl, sizeof(struct hda_jack_tbl), 16);
 	snd_array_init(&codec->verbs, sizeof(struct hda_verb *), 8);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&codec->conn_list);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&codec->pcm_list_head);
 
 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&codec->jackpoll_work, hda_jackpoll_work);
 	codec->depop_delay = -1;
@@ -2370,9 +2426,8 @@ int snd_hda_lock_devices(struct hda_bus *bus)
 		goto err_clear;
 
 	list_for_each_entry(codec, &bus->codec_list, list) {
-		int pcm;
-		for (pcm = 0; pcm < codec->num_pcms; pcm++) {
-			struct hda_pcm *cpcm = &codec->pcm_info[pcm];
+		struct hda_pcm *cpcm;
+		list_for_each_entry(cpcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
 			if (!cpcm->pcm)
 				continue;
 			if (cpcm->pcm->streams[0].substream_opened ||
@@ -2419,8 +2474,6 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_unlock_devices);
 int snd_hda_codec_reset(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
 	struct hda_bus *bus = codec->bus;
-	struct snd_card *card = codec->card;
-	int i;
 
 	if (snd_hda_lock_devices(bus) < 0)
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -2429,14 +2482,7 @@ int snd_hda_codec_reset(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&codec->jackpoll_work);
 	flush_workqueue(bus->workq);
 	snd_hda_ctls_clear(codec);
-	/* release PCMs */
-	for (i = 0; i < codec->num_pcms; i++) {
-		if (codec->pcm_info[i].pcm) {
-			snd_device_free(card, codec->pcm_info[i].pcm);
-			clear_bit(codec->pcm_info[i].device,
-				  bus->pcm_dev_bits);
-		}
-	}
+	codec_release_pcms(codec);
 	snd_hda_detach_beep_device(codec);
 	if (device_is_registered(hda_codec_dev(codec)))
 		device_del(hda_codec_dev(codec));
@@ -2454,8 +2500,6 @@ int snd_hda_codec_reset(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	snd_array_free(&codec->cvt_setups);
 	snd_array_free(&codec->spdif_out);
 	snd_array_free(&codec->verbs);
-	codec->num_pcms = 0;
-	codec->pcm_info = NULL;
 	codec->preset = NULL;
 	codec->slave_dig_outs = NULL;
 	codec->spdif_status_reset = 0;
@@ -3952,12 +3996,12 @@ static void hda_call_codec_resume(struct hda_codec *codec)
 static int hda_codec_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
 	struct hda_codec *codec = dev_to_hda_codec(dev);
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm;
 	unsigned int state;
-	int i;
 
 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&codec->jackpoll_work);
-	for (i = 0; i < codec->num_pcms; i++)
-		snd_pcm_suspend_all(codec->pcm_info[i].pcm);
+	list_for_each_entry(pcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list)
+		snd_pcm_suspend_all(pcm->pcm);
 	state = hda_call_codec_suspend(codec);
 	if (codec->d3_stop_clk && codec->epss && (state & AC_PWRST_CLK_STOP_OK))
 		clear_bit(codec->addr, &codec->bus->codec_powered);
@@ -4018,22 +4062,21 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_build_controls);
  */
 static int add_std_chmaps(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
-	int i, str, err;
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm;
+	int str, err;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < codec->num_pcms; i++) {
+	list_for_each_entry(pcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
 		for (str = 0; str < 2; str++) {
-			struct snd_pcm *pcm = codec->pcm_info[i].pcm;
-			struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo =
-				&codec->pcm_info[i].stream[str];
+			struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo = &pcm->stream[str];
 			struct snd_pcm_chmap *chmap;
 			const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem *elem;
 
-			if (codec->pcm_info[i].own_chmap)
+			if (pcm->own_chmap)
 				continue;
 			if (!pcm || !hinfo->substreams)
 				continue;
 			elem = hinfo->chmap ? hinfo->chmap : snd_pcm_std_chmaps;
-			err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm, str, elem,
+			err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm->pcm, str, elem,
 						     hinfo->channels_max,
 						     0, &chmap);
 			if (err < 0)
@@ -4564,10 +4607,10 @@ static int get_empty_pcm_device(struct hda_bus *bus, unsigned int type)
 /* call build_pcms ops of the given codec and set up the default parameters */
 int snd_hda_codec_parse_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
-	unsigned int pcm;
+	struct hda_pcm *cpcm;
 	int err;
 
-	if (codec->num_pcms)
+	if (!list_empty(&codec->pcm_list_head))
 		return 0; /* already parsed */
 
 	if (!codec->patch_ops.build_pcms)
@@ -4580,8 +4623,7 @@ int snd_hda_codec_parse_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	for (pcm = 0; pcm < codec->num_pcms; pcm++) {
-		struct hda_pcm *cpcm = &codec->pcm_info[pcm];
+	list_for_each_entry(cpcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
 		int stream;
 
 		for (stream = 0; stream < 2; stream++) {
@@ -4589,8 +4631,6 @@ int snd_hda_codec_parse_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 
 			if (!info->substreams)
 				continue;
-			if (snd_BUG_ON(!cpcm->name))
-				return -EINVAL;
 			err = set_pcm_default_values(codec, info);
 			if (err < 0) {
 				codec_warn(codec,
@@ -4608,7 +4648,7 @@ int snd_hda_codec_parse_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 int snd_hda_codec_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
 	struct hda_bus *bus = codec->bus;
-	unsigned int pcm;
+	struct hda_pcm *cpcm;
 	int dev, err;
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!bus->ops.attach_pcm))
@@ -4621,9 +4661,7 @@ int snd_hda_codec_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	}
 
 	/* attach a new PCM streams */
-	for (pcm = 0; pcm < codec->num_pcms; pcm++) {
-		struct hda_pcm *cpcm = &codec->pcm_info[pcm];
-
+	list_for_each_entry(cpcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
 		if (cpcm->pcm)
 			continue; /* already attached */
 		if (!cpcm->stream[0].substreams && !cpcm->stream[1].substreams)
@@ -4651,11 +4689,9 @@ int snd_hda_codec_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
  *
  * Create PCM information for each codec included in the bus.
  *
- * The build_pcms codec patch is requested to set up codec->num_pcms and
- * codec->pcm_info properly.  The array is referred by the top-level driver
- * to create its PCM instances.
- * The allocated codec->pcm_info should be released in codec->patch_ops.free
- * callback.
+ * The build_pcms codec patch is requested to create and assign new
+ * hda_pcm objects.  The codec is responsible to call snd_hda_codec_pcm_new()
+ * and fills the fields.  Later they are instantiated by this function.
  *
  * At least, substreams, channels_min and channels_max must be filled for
  * each stream.  substreams = 0 indicates that the stream doesn't exist.
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.h b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.h
index 8908a0768736..2ccd6f9a91fe 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.h
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #ifndef __SOUND_HDA_CODEC_H
 #define __SOUND_HDA_CODEC_H
 
+#include <linux/kref.h>
 #include <sound/info.h>
 #include <sound/control.h>
 #include <sound/pcm.h>
@@ -268,6 +269,10 @@ struct hda_pcm {
 	int device;		/* device number to assign */
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;	/* assigned PCM instance */
 	bool own_chmap;		/* codec driver provides own channel maps */
+	/* private: */
+	struct hda_codec *codec;
+	struct kref kref;
+	struct list_head list;
 };
 
 /* codec information */
@@ -301,8 +306,7 @@ struct hda_codec {
 	struct hda_codec_ops patch_ops;
 
 	/* PCM to create, set by patch_ops.build_pcms callback */
-	unsigned int num_pcms;
-	struct hda_pcm *pcm_info;
+	struct list_head pcm_list_head;
 
 	/* codec specific info */
 	void *spec;
@@ -521,6 +525,16 @@ int snd_hda_build_pcms(struct hda_bus *bus);
 int snd_hda_codec_parse_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec);
 int snd_hda_codec_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec);
 
+__printf(2, 3)
+struct hda_pcm *snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				      const char *fmt, ...);
+
+static inline void snd_hda_codec_pcm_get(struct hda_pcm *pcm)
+{
+	kref_get(&pcm->kref);
+}
+void snd_hda_codec_pcm_put(struct hda_pcm *pcm);
+
 int snd_hda_codec_prepare(struct hda_codec *codec,
 			  struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo,
 			  unsigned int stream,
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
index 947d1a50f384..092f06fd21bd 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
@@ -4644,7 +4644,7 @@ int snd_hda_gen_build_controls(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		err = snd_hda_create_dig_out_ctls(codec,
 						  spec->multiout.dig_out_nid,
 						  spec->multiout.dig_out_nid,
-						  spec->pcm_rec[1].pcm_type);
+						  spec->pcm_rec[1]->pcm_type);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 		if (!spec->no_analog) {
@@ -5115,20 +5115,20 @@ static void fill_pcm_stream_name(char *str, size_t len, const char *sfx,
 int snd_hda_gen_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
 	struct hda_gen_spec *spec = codec->spec;
-	struct hda_pcm *info = spec->pcm_rec;
+	struct hda_pcm *info;
 	const struct hda_pcm_stream *p;
 	bool have_multi_adcs;
 
-	codec->num_pcms = 1;
-	codec->pcm_info = info;
-
 	if (spec->no_analog)
 		goto skip_analog;
 
 	fill_pcm_stream_name(spec->stream_name_analog,
 			     sizeof(spec->stream_name_analog),
 			     " Analog", codec->chip_name);
-	info->name = spec->stream_name_analog;
+	info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "%s", spec->stream_name_analog);
+	if (!info)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	spec->pcm_rec[0] = info;
 
 	if (spec->multiout.num_dacs > 0) {
 		p = spec->stream_analog_playback;
@@ -5161,10 +5161,12 @@ int snd_hda_gen_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		fill_pcm_stream_name(spec->stream_name_digital,
 				     sizeof(spec->stream_name_digital),
 				     " Digital", codec->chip_name);
-		codec->num_pcms = 2;
+		info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "%s",
+					     spec->stream_name_digital);
+		if (!info)
+			return -ENOMEM;
 		codec->slave_dig_outs = spec->multiout.slave_dig_outs;
-		info = spec->pcm_rec + 1;
-		info->name = spec->stream_name_digital;
+		spec->pcm_rec[1] = info;
 		if (spec->dig_out_type)
 			info->pcm_type = spec->dig_out_type;
 		else
@@ -5198,9 +5200,11 @@ int snd_hda_gen_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		fill_pcm_stream_name(spec->stream_name_alt_analog,
 				     sizeof(spec->stream_name_alt_analog),
 			     " Alt Analog", codec->chip_name);
-		codec->num_pcms = 3;
-		info = spec->pcm_rec + 2;
-		info->name = spec->stream_name_alt_analog;
+		info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "%s",
+					     spec->stream_name_alt_analog);
+		if (!info)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		spec->pcm_rec[2] = info;
 		if (spec->alt_dac_nid) {
 			p = spec->stream_analog_alt_playback;
 			if (!p)
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h
index 3d852660443a..b211f889b335 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ struct hda_gen_spec {
 	int const_channel_count;	/* channel count for all */
 
 	/* PCM information */
-	struct hda_pcm pcm_rec[3];	/* used in build_pcms() */
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm_rec[3];	/* used in build_pcms() */
 
 	/* dynamic controls, init_verbs and input_mux */
 	struct auto_pin_cfg autocfg;
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c
index cc32b878ae2e..aeb983e7506d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ static void print_nid_array(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer,
 static void print_nid_pcms(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer,
 			   struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
 {
-	int pcm, type;
+	int type;
 	struct hda_pcm *cpcm;
-	for (pcm = 0; pcm < codec->num_pcms; pcm++) {
-		cpcm = &codec->pcm_info[pcm];
+
+	list_for_each_entry(cpcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
 		for (type = 0; type < 2; type++) {
 			if (cpcm->stream[type].nid != nid || cpcm->pcm == NULL)
 				continue;
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
index ced3e82d9e23..555781fad26f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
@@ -719,7 +719,6 @@ struct ca0132_spec {
 	unsigned int num_inputs;
 	hda_nid_t shared_mic_nid;
 	hda_nid_t shared_out_nid;
-	struct hda_pcm pcm_rec[5]; /* PCM information */
 
 	/* chip access */
 	struct mutex chipio_mutex; /* chip access mutex */
@@ -4036,12 +4035,11 @@ static struct hda_pcm_stream ca0132_pcm_digital_capture = {
 static int ca0132_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
 	struct ca0132_spec *spec = codec->spec;
-	struct hda_pcm *info = spec->pcm_rec;
+	struct hda_pcm *info;
 
-	codec->pcm_info = info;
-	codec->num_pcms = 0;
-
-	info->name = "CA0132 Analog";
+	info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "CA0132 Analog");
+	if (!info)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK] = ca0132_pcm_analog_playback;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].nid = spec->dacs[0];
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].channels_max =
@@ -4049,27 +4047,27 @@ static int ca0132_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE] = ca0132_pcm_analog_capture;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substreams = 1;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].nid = spec->adcs[0];
-	codec->num_pcms++;
 
-	info++;
-	info->name = "CA0132 Analog Mic-In2";
+	info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "CA0132 Analog Mic-In2");
+	if (!info)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE] = ca0132_pcm_analog_capture;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substreams = 1;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].nid = spec->adcs[1];
-	codec->num_pcms++;
 
-	info++;
-	info->name = "CA0132 What U Hear";
+	info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "CA0132 What U Hear");
+	if (!info)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE] = ca0132_pcm_analog_capture;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substreams = 1;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].nid = spec->adcs[2];
-	codec->num_pcms++;
 
 	if (!spec->dig_out && !spec->dig_in)
 		return 0;
 
-	info++;
-	info->name = "CA0132 Digital";
+	info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "CA0132 Digital");
+	if (!info)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	info->pcm_type = HDA_PCM_TYPE_SPDIF;
 	if (spec->dig_out) {
 		info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK] =
@@ -4081,7 +4079,6 @@ static int ca0132_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 			ca0132_pcm_digital_capture;
 		info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].nid = spec->dig_in;
 	}
-	codec->num_pcms++;
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c
index 0f8354cbc7a7..708bbed15ea3 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c
@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ struct hdmi_spec_per_pin {
 	bool non_pcm;
 	bool chmap_set;		/* channel-map override by ALSA API? */
 	unsigned char chmap[8]; /* ALSA API channel-map */
-	char pcm_name[8];	/* filled in build_pcm callbacks */
 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
 	struct snd_info_entry *proc_entry;
 #endif
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ struct hdmi_spec {
 
 	int num_pins;
 	struct snd_array pins; /* struct hdmi_spec_per_pin */
-	struct snd_array pcm_rec; /* struct hda_pcm */
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm_rec[16];
 	unsigned int channels_max; /* max over all cvts */
 
 	struct hdmi_eld temp_eld;
@@ -355,8 +354,7 @@ static struct cea_channel_speaker_allocation channel_allocations[] = {
 	((struct hdmi_spec_per_pin *)snd_array_elem(&spec->pins, idx))
 #define get_cvt(spec, idx) \
 	((struct hdmi_spec_per_cvt  *)snd_array_elem(&spec->cvts, idx))
-#define get_pcm_rec(spec, idx) \
-	((struct hda_pcm *)snd_array_elem(&spec->pcm_rec, idx))
+#define get_pcm_rec(spec, idx)	((spec)->pcm_rec[idx])
 
 static int pin_nid_to_pin_index(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t pin_nid)
 {
@@ -2056,11 +2054,10 @@ static int generic_hdmi_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		struct hdmi_spec_per_pin *per_pin;
 
 		per_pin = get_pin(spec, pin_idx);
-		sprintf(per_pin->pcm_name, "HDMI %d", pin_idx);
-		info = snd_array_new(&spec->pcm_rec);
+		info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "HDMI %d", pin_idx);
 		if (!info)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		info->name = per_pin->pcm_name;
+		spec->pcm_rec[pin_idx] = info;
 		info->pcm_type = HDA_PCM_TYPE_HDMI;
 		info->own_chmap = true;
 
@@ -2070,9 +2067,6 @@ static int generic_hdmi_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 		/* other pstr fields are set in open */
 	}
 
-	codec->num_pcms = spec->num_pins;
-	codec->pcm_info = spec->pcm_rec.list;
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2125,13 +2119,15 @@ static int generic_hdmi_build_controls(struct hda_codec *codec)
 
 	/* add channel maps */
 	for (pin_idx = 0; pin_idx < spec->num_pins; pin_idx++) {
+		struct hda_pcm *pcm;
 		struct snd_pcm_chmap *chmap;
 		struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 		int i;
 
-		if (!codec->pcm_info[pin_idx].pcm)
+		pcm = spec->pcm_rec[pin_idx];
+		if (!pcm || !pcm->pcm)
 			break;
-		err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(codec->pcm_info[pin_idx].pcm,
+		err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm->pcm,
 					     SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
 					     NULL, 0, pin_idx, &chmap);
 		if (err < 0)
@@ -2186,14 +2182,12 @@ static void hdmi_array_init(struct hdmi_spec *spec, int nums)
 {
 	snd_array_init(&spec->pins, sizeof(struct hdmi_spec_per_pin), nums);
 	snd_array_init(&spec->cvts, sizeof(struct hdmi_spec_per_cvt), nums);
-	snd_array_init(&spec->pcm_rec, sizeof(struct hda_pcm), nums);
 }
 
 static void hdmi_array_free(struct hdmi_spec *spec)
 {
 	snd_array_free(&spec->pins);
 	snd_array_free(&spec->cvts);
-	snd_array_free(&spec->pcm_rec);
 }
 
 static void generic_hdmi_free(struct hda_codec *codec)
@@ -2381,11 +2375,10 @@ static int simple_playback_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	chans = get_wcaps(codec, per_cvt->cvt_nid);
 	chans = get_wcaps_channels(chans);
 
-	info = snd_array_new(&spec->pcm_rec);
+	info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "HDMI 0");
 	if (!info)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	info->name = get_pin(spec, 0)->pcm_name;
-	sprintf(info->name, "HDMI 0");
+	spec->pcm_rec[0] = info;
 	info->pcm_type = HDA_PCM_TYPE_HDMI;
 	pstr = &info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
 	*pstr = spec->pcm_playback;
@@ -2393,9 +2386,6 @@ static int simple_playback_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	if (pstr->channels_max <= 2 && chans && chans <= 16)
 		pstr->channels_max = chans;
 
-	codec->num_pcms = 1;
-	codec->pcm_info = info;
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
index 70808f92276a..0a5a2246e57a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
@@ -5843,7 +5843,7 @@ static void alc_fixup_bass_chmap(struct hda_codec *codec,
 {
 	if (action == HDA_FIXUP_ACT_BUILD) {
 		struct alc_spec *spec = codec->spec;
-		spec->gen.pcm_rec[0].stream[0].chmap = asus_pcm_2_1_chmaps;
+		spec->gen.pcm_rec[0]->stream[0].chmap = asus_pcm_2_1_chmaps;
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c
index 38a477333321..df243134baa8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@
 
 struct si3054_spec {
 	unsigned international;
-	struct hda_pcm pcm;
 };
 
 
@@ -199,11 +198,11 @@ static const struct hda_pcm_stream si3054_pcm = {
 
 static int si3054_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 {
-	struct si3054_spec *spec = codec->spec;
-	struct hda_pcm *info = &spec->pcm;
-	codec->num_pcms = 1;
-	codec->pcm_info = info;
-	info->name = "Si3054 Modem";
+	struct hda_pcm *info;
+
+	info = snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(codec, "Si3054 Modem");
+	if (!info)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK] = si3054_pcm;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]  = si3054_pcm;
 	info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].nid = codec->mfg;
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c
index 57ad503ff940..11a05638e03b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c
@@ -683,8 +683,10 @@ static int vt1708_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
 	 * 24bit samples are used.  Until any workaround is found,
 	 * disable the 24bit format, so far.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < codec->num_pcms; i++) {
-		struct hda_pcm *info = &spec->gen.pcm_rec[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(spec->gen.pcm_rec); i++) {
+		struct hda_pcm *info = spec->gen.pcm_rec[i];
+		if (!info)
+			continue;
 		if (!info->stream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substreams ||
 		    info->pcm_type != HDA_PCM_TYPE_AUDIO)
 			continue;