diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h
index e6bc14d8fa9a..29ff1dc41ef3 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h
@@ -145,6 +145,44 @@ struct nft_set_iter {
 			      const struct nft_set_elem *elem);
 };
 
+/**
+ *	struct nft_set_desc - description of set elements
+ *
+ *	@klen: key length
+ *	@dlen: data length
+ *	@size: number of set elements
+ */
+struct nft_set_desc {
+	unsigned int		klen;
+	unsigned int		dlen;
+	unsigned int		size;
+};
+
+/**
+ *	enum nft_set_class - performance class
+ *
+ *	@NFT_LOOKUP_O_1: constant, O(1)
+ *	@NFT_LOOKUP_O_LOG_N: logarithmic, O(log N)
+ *	@NFT_LOOKUP_O_N: linear, O(N)
+ */
+enum nft_set_class {
+	NFT_SET_CLASS_O_1,
+	NFT_SET_CLASS_O_LOG_N,
+	NFT_SET_CLASS_O_N,
+};
+
+/**
+ *	struct nft_set_estimate - estimation of memory and performance
+ *				  characteristics
+ *
+ *	@size: required memory
+ *	@class: lookup performance class
+ */
+struct nft_set_estimate {
+	unsigned int		size;
+	enum nft_set_class	class;
+};
+
 /**
  *	struct nft_set_ops - nf_tables set operations
  *
@@ -174,7 +212,11 @@ struct nft_set_ops {
 						struct nft_set_iter *iter);
 
 	unsigned int			(*privsize)(const struct nlattr * const nla[]);
+	bool				(*estimate)(const struct nft_set_desc *desc,
+						    u32 features,
+						    struct nft_set_estimate *est);
 	int				(*init)(const struct nft_set *set,
+						const struct nft_set_desc *desc,
 						const struct nlattr * const nla[]);
 	void				(*destroy)(const struct nft_set *set);
 
@@ -194,6 +236,8 @@ void nft_unregister_set(struct nft_set_ops *ops);
  * 	@name: name of the set
  * 	@ktype: key type (numeric type defined by userspace, not used in the kernel)
  * 	@dtype: data type (verdict or numeric type defined by userspace)
+ * 	@size: maximum set size
+ * 	@nelems: number of elements
  * 	@ops: set ops
  * 	@flags: set flags
  * 	@klen: key length
@@ -206,6 +250,8 @@ struct nft_set {
 	char				name[IFNAMSIZ];
 	u32				ktype;
 	u32				dtype;
+	u32				size;
+	u32				nelems;
 	/* runtime data below here */
 	const struct nft_set_ops	*ops ____cacheline_aligned;
 	u16				flags;
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h b/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h
index c88ccbfda5f1..160159274cab 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h
@@ -211,6 +211,29 @@ enum nft_set_flags {
 	NFT_SET_MAP			= 0x8,
 };
 
+/**
+ * enum nft_set_policies - set selection policy
+ *
+ * @NFT_SET_POL_PERFORMANCE: prefer high performance over low memory use
+ * @NFT_SET_POL_MEMORY: prefer low memory use over high performance
+ */
+enum nft_set_policies {
+	NFT_SET_POL_PERFORMANCE,
+	NFT_SET_POL_MEMORY,
+};
+
+/**
+ * enum nft_set_desc_attributes - set element description
+ *
+ * @NFTA_SET_DESC_SIZE: number of elements in set (NLA_U32)
+ */
+enum nft_set_desc_attributes {
+	NFTA_SET_DESC_UNSPEC,
+	NFTA_SET_DESC_SIZE,
+	__NFTA_SET_DESC_MAX
+};
+#define NFTA_SET_DESC_MAX	(__NFTA_SET_DESC_MAX - 1)
+
 /**
  * enum nft_set_attributes - nf_tables set netlink attributes
  *
@@ -221,6 +244,8 @@ enum nft_set_flags {
  * @NFTA_SET_KEY_LEN: key data length (NLA_U32)
  * @NFTA_SET_DATA_TYPE: mapping data type (NLA_U32)
  * @NFTA_SET_DATA_LEN: mapping data length (NLA_U32)
+ * @NFTA_SET_POLICY: selection policy (NLA_U32)
+ * @NFTA_SET_DESC: set description (NLA_NESTED)
  */
 enum nft_set_attributes {
 	NFTA_SET_UNSPEC,
@@ -231,6 +256,8 @@ enum nft_set_attributes {
 	NFTA_SET_KEY_LEN,
 	NFTA_SET_DATA_TYPE,
 	NFTA_SET_DATA_LEN,
+	NFTA_SET_POLICY,
+	NFTA_SET_DESC,
 	__NFTA_SET_MAX
 };
 #define NFTA_SET_MAX		(__NFTA_SET_MAX - 1)
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c b/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c
index 33045a562297..bd3381e16084 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c
@@ -1912,9 +1912,18 @@ void nft_unregister_set(struct nft_set_ops *ops)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nft_unregister_set);
 
-static const struct nft_set_ops *nft_select_set_ops(const struct nlattr * const nla[])
+/*
+ * Select a set implementation based on the data characteristics and the
+ * given policy. The total memory use might not be known if no size is
+ * given, in that case the amount of memory per element is used.
+ */
+static const struct nft_set_ops *
+nft_select_set_ops(const struct nlattr * const nla[],
+		   const struct nft_set_desc *desc,
+		   enum nft_set_policies policy)
 {
-	const struct nft_set_ops *ops;
+	const struct nft_set_ops *ops, *bops;
+	struct nft_set_estimate est, best;
 	u32 features;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
@@ -1932,15 +1941,45 @@ static const struct nft_set_ops *nft_select_set_ops(const struct nlattr * const
 		features &= NFT_SET_INTERVAL | NFT_SET_MAP;
 	}
 
-	// FIXME: implement selection properly
+	bops	   = NULL;
+	best.size  = ~0;
+	best.class = ~0;
+
 	list_for_each_entry(ops, &nf_tables_set_ops, list) {
 		if ((ops->features & features) != features)
 			continue;
+		if (!ops->estimate(desc, features, &est))
+			continue;
+
+		switch (policy) {
+		case NFT_SET_POL_PERFORMANCE:
+			if (est.class < best.class)
+				break;
+			if (est.class == best.class && est.size < best.size)
+				break;
+			continue;
+		case NFT_SET_POL_MEMORY:
+			if (est.size < best.size)
+				break;
+			if (est.size == best.size && est.class < best.class)
+				break;
+			continue;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+
 		if (!try_module_get(ops->owner))
 			continue;
-		return ops;
+		if (bops != NULL)
+			module_put(bops->owner);
+
+		bops = ops;
+		best = est;
 	}
 
+	if (bops != NULL)
+		return bops;
+
 	return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
 }
 
@@ -1952,6 +1991,12 @@ static const struct nla_policy nft_set_policy[NFTA_SET_MAX + 1] = {
 	[NFTA_SET_KEY_LEN]		= { .type = NLA_U32 },
 	[NFTA_SET_DATA_TYPE]		= { .type = NLA_U32 },
 	[NFTA_SET_DATA_LEN]		= { .type = NLA_U32 },
+	[NFTA_SET_POLICY]		= { .type = NLA_U32 },
+	[NFTA_SET_DESC]			= { .type = NLA_NESTED },
+};
+
+static const struct nla_policy nft_set_desc_policy[NFTA_SET_DESC_MAX + 1] = {
+	[NFTA_SET_DESC_SIZE]		= { .type = NLA_U32 },
 };
 
 static int nft_ctx_init_from_setattr(struct nft_ctx *ctx,
@@ -2043,6 +2088,7 @@ static int nf_tables_fill_set(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 {
 	struct nfgenmsg *nfmsg;
 	struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+	struct nlattr *desc;
 	u32 portid = NETLINK_CB(ctx->skb).portid;
 	u32 seq = ctx->nlh->nlmsg_seq;
 
@@ -2076,6 +2122,14 @@ static int nf_tables_fill_set(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
 			goto nla_put_failure;
 	}
 
+	desc = nla_nest_start(skb, NFTA_SET_DESC);
+	if (desc == NULL)
+		goto nla_put_failure;
+	if (set->size &&
+	    nla_put_be32(skb, NFTA_SET_DESC_SIZE, htonl(set->size)))
+		goto nla_put_failure;
+	nla_nest_end(skb, desc);
+
 	return nlmsg_end(skb, nlh);
 
 nla_put_failure:
@@ -2304,6 +2358,23 @@ static int nf_tables_getset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	return err;
 }
 
+static int nf_tables_set_desc_parse(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
+				    struct nft_set_desc *desc,
+				    const struct nlattr *nla)
+{
+	struct nlattr *da[NFTA_SET_DESC_MAX + 1];
+	int err;
+
+	err = nla_parse_nested(da, NFTA_SET_DESC_MAX, nla, nft_set_desc_policy);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (da[NFTA_SET_DESC_SIZE] != NULL)
+		desc->size = ntohl(nla_get_be32(da[NFTA_SET_DESC_SIZE]));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 			    const struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
 			    const struct nlattr * const nla[])
@@ -2318,7 +2389,8 @@ static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	char name[IFNAMSIZ];
 	unsigned int size;
 	bool create;
-	u32 ktype, klen, dlen, dtype, flags;
+	u32 ktype, dtype, flags, policy;
+	struct nft_set_desc desc;
 	int err;
 
 	if (nla[NFTA_SET_TABLE] == NULL ||
@@ -2326,6 +2398,8 @@ static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	    nla[NFTA_SET_KEY_LEN] == NULL)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
+	memset(&desc, 0, sizeof(desc));
+
 	ktype = NFT_DATA_VALUE;
 	if (nla[NFTA_SET_KEY_TYPE] != NULL) {
 		ktype = ntohl(nla_get_be32(nla[NFTA_SET_KEY_TYPE]));
@@ -2333,8 +2407,8 @@ static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 			return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	klen = ntohl(nla_get_be32(nla[NFTA_SET_KEY_LEN]));
-	if (klen == 0 || klen > FIELD_SIZEOF(struct nft_data, data))
+	desc.klen = ntohl(nla_get_be32(nla[NFTA_SET_KEY_LEN]));
+	if (desc.klen == 0 || desc.klen > FIELD_SIZEOF(struct nft_data, data))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	flags = 0;
@@ -2346,7 +2420,6 @@ static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	}
 
 	dtype = 0;
-	dlen  = 0;
 	if (nla[NFTA_SET_DATA_TYPE] != NULL) {
 		if (!(flags & NFT_SET_MAP))
 			return -EINVAL;
@@ -2359,15 +2432,25 @@ static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		if (dtype != NFT_DATA_VERDICT) {
 			if (nla[NFTA_SET_DATA_LEN] == NULL)
 				return -EINVAL;
-			dlen = ntohl(nla_get_be32(nla[NFTA_SET_DATA_LEN]));
-			if (dlen == 0 ||
-			    dlen > FIELD_SIZEOF(struct nft_data, data))
+			desc.dlen = ntohl(nla_get_be32(nla[NFTA_SET_DATA_LEN]));
+			if (desc.dlen == 0 ||
+			    desc.dlen > FIELD_SIZEOF(struct nft_data, data))
 				return -EINVAL;
 		} else
-			dlen = sizeof(struct nft_data);
+			desc.dlen = sizeof(struct nft_data);
 	} else if (flags & NFT_SET_MAP)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
+	policy = NFT_SET_POL_PERFORMANCE;
+	if (nla[NFTA_SET_POLICY] != NULL)
+		policy = ntohl(nla_get_be32(nla[NFTA_SET_POLICY]));
+
+	if (nla[NFTA_SET_DESC] != NULL) {
+		err = nf_tables_set_desc_parse(&ctx, &desc, nla[NFTA_SET_DESC]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
 	create = nlh->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_CREATE ? true : false;
 
 	afi = nf_tables_afinfo_lookup(net, nfmsg->nfgen_family, create);
@@ -2398,7 +2481,7 @@ static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	if (!(nlh->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_CREATE))
 		return -ENOENT;
 
-	ops = nft_select_set_ops(nla);
+	ops = nft_select_set_ops(nla, &desc, policy);
 	if (IS_ERR(ops))
 		return PTR_ERR(ops);
 
@@ -2419,12 +2502,13 @@ static int nf_tables_newset(struct sock *nlsk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&set->bindings);
 	set->ops   = ops;
 	set->ktype = ktype;
-	set->klen  = klen;
+	set->klen  = desc.klen;
 	set->dtype = dtype;
-	set->dlen  = dlen;
+	set->dlen  = desc.dlen;
 	set->flags = flags;
+	set->size  = desc.size;
 
-	err = ops->init(set, nla);
+	err = ops->init(set, &desc, nla);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto err2;
 
@@ -2733,6 +2817,9 @@ static int nft_add_set_elem(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
 	enum nft_registers dreg;
 	int err;
 
+	if (set->size && set->nelems == set->size)
+		return -ENFILE;
+
 	err = nla_parse_nested(nla, NFTA_SET_ELEM_MAX, attr,
 			       nft_set_elem_policy);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -2798,6 +2885,7 @@ static int nft_add_set_elem(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
 	err = set->ops->insert(set, &elem);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto err3;
+	set->nelems++;
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -2867,6 +2955,7 @@ static int nft_del_setelem(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct nft_set *set,
 		goto err2;
 
 	set->ops->remove(set, &elem);
+	set->nelems--;
 
 	nft_data_uninit(&elem.key, NFT_DATA_VALUE);
 	if (set->flags & NFT_SET_MAP)
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nft_hash.c b/net/netfilter/nft_hash.c
index 3b1ad876d6b0..01884b315c4a 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nft_hash.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nft_hash.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/log2.h>
 #include <linux/jhash.h>
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@
 #include <linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_tables.h>
 
-#define NFT_HASH_MIN_SIZE	4
+#define NFT_HASH_MIN_SIZE	4UL
 
 struct nft_hash {
 	struct nft_hash_table __rcu	*tbl;
@@ -82,6 +83,11 @@ static void nft_hash_tbl_free(const struct nft_hash_table *tbl)
 		kfree(tbl);
 }
 
+static unsigned int nft_hash_tbl_size(unsigned int nelem)
+{
+	return max(roundup_pow_of_two(nelem * 4 / 3), NFT_HASH_MIN_SIZE);
+}
+
 static struct nft_hash_table *nft_hash_tbl_alloc(unsigned int nbuckets)
 {
 	struct nft_hash_table *tbl;
@@ -335,17 +341,23 @@ static unsigned int nft_hash_privsize(const struct nlattr * const nla[])
 }
 
 static int nft_hash_init(const struct nft_set *set,
+			 const struct nft_set_desc *desc,
 			 const struct nlattr * const tb[])
 {
 	struct nft_hash *priv = nft_set_priv(set);
 	struct nft_hash_table *tbl;
+	unsigned int size;
 
 	if (unlikely(!nft_hash_rnd_initted)) {
 		get_random_bytes(&nft_hash_rnd, 4);
 		nft_hash_rnd_initted = true;
 	}
 
-	tbl = nft_hash_tbl_alloc(NFT_HASH_MIN_SIZE);
+	size = NFT_HASH_MIN_SIZE;
+	if (desc->size)
+		size = nft_hash_tbl_size(desc->size);
+
+	tbl = nft_hash_tbl_alloc(size);
 	if (tbl == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	RCU_INIT_POINTER(priv->tbl, tbl);
@@ -369,8 +381,37 @@ static void nft_hash_destroy(const struct nft_set *set)
 	kfree(tbl);
 }
 
+static bool nft_hash_estimate(const struct nft_set_desc *desc, u32 features,
+			      struct nft_set_estimate *est)
+{
+	unsigned int esize;
+
+	esize = sizeof(struct nft_hash_elem);
+	if (features & NFT_SET_MAP)
+		esize += FIELD_SIZEOF(struct nft_hash_elem, data[0]);
+
+	if (desc->size) {
+		est->size = sizeof(struct nft_hash) +
+			    nft_hash_tbl_size(desc->size) *
+			    sizeof(struct nft_hash_elem *) +
+			    desc->size * esize;
+	} else {
+		/* Resizing happens when the load drops below 30% or goes
+		 * above 75%. The average of 52.5% load (approximated by 50%)
+		 * is used for the size estimation of the hash buckets,
+		 * meaning we calculate two buckets per element.
+		 */
+		est->size = esize + 2 * sizeof(struct nft_hash_elem *);
+	}
+
+	est->class = NFT_SET_CLASS_O_1;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 static struct nft_set_ops nft_hash_ops __read_mostly = {
 	.privsize       = nft_hash_privsize,
+	.estimate	= nft_hash_estimate,
 	.init		= nft_hash_init,
 	.destroy	= nft_hash_destroy,
 	.get		= nft_hash_get,
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nft_rbtree.c b/net/netfilter/nft_rbtree.c
index e21d69d13506..072e611e9f71 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nft_rbtree.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nft_rbtree.c
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ static unsigned int nft_rbtree_privsize(const struct nlattr * const nla[])
 }
 
 static int nft_rbtree_init(const struct nft_set *set,
+			   const struct nft_set_desc *desc,
 			   const struct nlattr * const nla[])
 {
 	struct nft_rbtree *priv = nft_set_priv(set);
@@ -222,8 +223,28 @@ static void nft_rbtree_destroy(const struct nft_set *set)
 	}
 }
 
+static bool nft_rbtree_estimate(const struct nft_set_desc *desc, u32 features,
+				struct nft_set_estimate *est)
+{
+	unsigned int nsize;
+
+	nsize = sizeof(struct nft_rbtree_elem);
+	if (features & NFT_SET_MAP)
+		nsize += FIELD_SIZEOF(struct nft_rbtree_elem, data[0]);
+
+	if (desc->size)
+		est->size = sizeof(struct nft_rbtree) + desc->size * nsize;
+	else
+		est->size = nsize;
+
+	est->class = NFT_SET_CLASS_O_LOG_N;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 static struct nft_set_ops nft_rbtree_ops __read_mostly = {
 	.privsize	= nft_rbtree_privsize,
+	.estimate	= nft_rbtree_estimate,
 	.init		= nft_rbtree_init,
 	.destroy	= nft_rbtree_destroy,
 	.insert		= nft_rbtree_insert,