diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
index a1ad5e137a97..69413f99ed04 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
@@ -3825,20 +3825,17 @@ i915_gem_object_ggtt_pin(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 
 static __always_inline unsigned int __busy_read_flag(unsigned int id)
 {
-	/* Note that we could alias engines in the execbuf API, but
-	 * that would be very unwise as it prevents userspace from
-	 * fine control over engine selection. Ahem.
-	 *
-	 * This should be something like EXEC_MAX_ENGINE instead of
-	 * I915_NUM_ENGINES.
-	 */
-	BUILD_BUG_ON(I915_NUM_ENGINES > 16);
+	if (id == I915_ENGINE_CLASS_INVALID)
+		return 0xffff0000;
+
+	GEM_BUG_ON(id >= 16);
 	return 0x10000 << id;
 }
 
 static __always_inline unsigned int __busy_write_id(unsigned int id)
 {
-	/* The uABI guarantees an active writer is also amongst the read
+	/*
+	 * The uABI guarantees an active writer is also amongst the read
 	 * engines. This would be true if we accessed the activity tracking
 	 * under the lock, but as we perform the lookup of the object and
 	 * its activity locklessly we can not guarantee that the last_write
@@ -3846,16 +3843,20 @@ static __always_inline unsigned int __busy_write_id(unsigned int id)
 	 * last_read - hence we always set both read and write busy for
 	 * last_write.
 	 */
-	return id | __busy_read_flag(id);
+	if (id == I915_ENGINE_CLASS_INVALID)
+		return 0xffffffff;
+
+	return (id + 1) | __busy_read_flag(id);
 }
 
 static __always_inline unsigned int
 __busy_set_if_active(const struct dma_fence *fence,
 		     unsigned int (*flag)(unsigned int id))
 {
-	struct i915_request *rq;
+	const struct i915_request *rq;
 
-	/* We have to check the current hw status of the fence as the uABI
+	/*
+	 * We have to check the current hw status of the fence as the uABI
 	 * guarantees forward progress. We could rely on the idle worker
 	 * to eventually flush us, but to minimise latency just ask the
 	 * hardware.
@@ -3866,11 +3867,11 @@ __busy_set_if_active(const struct dma_fence *fence,
 		return 0;
 
 	/* opencode to_request() in order to avoid const warnings */
-	rq = container_of(fence, struct i915_request, fence);
+	rq = container_of(fence, const struct i915_request, fence);
 	if (i915_request_completed(rq))
 		return 0;
 
-	return flag(rq->engine->uabi_id);
+	return flag(rq->engine->uabi_class);
 }
 
 static __always_inline unsigned int
@@ -3904,7 +3905,8 @@ i915_gem_busy_ioctl(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 	if (!obj)
 		goto out;
 
-	/* A discrepancy here is that we do not report the status of
+	/*
+	 * A discrepancy here is that we do not report the status of
 	 * non-i915 fences, i.e. even though we may report the object as idle,
 	 * a call to set-domain may still stall waiting for foreign rendering.
 	 * This also means that wait-ioctl may report an object as busy,
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_engine_cs.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_engine_cs.c
index 4fc7e2ac6278..f3f161c5627b 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_engine_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_engine_cs.c
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ static const struct engine_class_info intel_engine_classes[] = {
 #define MAX_MMIO_BASES 3
 struct engine_info {
 	unsigned int hw_id;
-	unsigned int uabi_id;
 	u8 class;
 	u8 instance;
 	/* mmio bases table *must* be sorted in reverse gen order */
@@ -97,7 +96,6 @@ struct engine_info {
 static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	[RCS] = {
 		.hw_id = RCS_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_RENDER,
 		.class = RENDER_CLASS,
 		.instance = 0,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -106,7 +104,6 @@ static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	},
 	[BCS] = {
 		.hw_id = BCS_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_BLT,
 		.class = COPY_ENGINE_CLASS,
 		.instance = 0,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -115,7 +112,6 @@ static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	},
 	[VCS] = {
 		.hw_id = VCS_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_BSD,
 		.class = VIDEO_DECODE_CLASS,
 		.instance = 0,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -126,7 +122,6 @@ static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	},
 	[VCS2] = {
 		.hw_id = VCS2_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_BSD,
 		.class = VIDEO_DECODE_CLASS,
 		.instance = 1,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -136,7 +131,6 @@ static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	},
 	[VCS3] = {
 		.hw_id = VCS3_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_BSD,
 		.class = VIDEO_DECODE_CLASS,
 		.instance = 2,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -145,7 +139,6 @@ static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	},
 	[VCS4] = {
 		.hw_id = VCS4_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_BSD,
 		.class = VIDEO_DECODE_CLASS,
 		.instance = 3,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -154,7 +147,6 @@ static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	},
 	[VECS] = {
 		.hw_id = VECS_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_VEBOX,
 		.class = VIDEO_ENHANCEMENT_CLASS,
 		.instance = 0,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -164,7 +156,6 @@ static const struct engine_info intel_engines[] = {
 	},
 	[VECS2] = {
 		.hw_id = VECS2_HW,
-		.uabi_id = I915_EXEC_VEBOX,
 		.class = VIDEO_ENHANCEMENT_CLASS,
 		.instance = 1,
 		.mmio_bases = {
@@ -321,7 +312,6 @@ intel_engine_setup(struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv,
 	engine->class = info->class;
 	engine->instance = info->instance;
 
-	engine->uabi_id = info->uabi_id;
 	engine->uabi_class = intel_engine_classes[info->class].uabi_class;
 
 	engine->context_size = __intel_engine_context_size(dev_priv,
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_ringbuffer.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_ringbuffer.h
index 2e7264119ec4..12e79828dbd5 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_ringbuffer.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_ringbuffer.h
@@ -335,7 +335,6 @@ struct intel_engine_cs {
 	unsigned int hw_id;
 	unsigned int guc_id;
 
-	u8 uabi_id;
 	u8 uabi_class;
 
 	u8 class;
diff --git a/include/uapi/drm/i915_drm.h b/include/uapi/drm/i915_drm.h
index 1a60642c1d61..aa2d4c73a97d 100644
--- a/include/uapi/drm/i915_drm.h
+++ b/include/uapi/drm/i915_drm.h
@@ -1127,32 +1127,34 @@ struct drm_i915_gem_busy {
 	 * as busy may become idle before the ioctl is completed.
 	 *
 	 * Furthermore, if the object is busy, which engine is busy is only
-	 * provided as a guide. There are race conditions which prevent the
-	 * report of which engines are busy from being always accurate.
-	 * However, the converse is not true. If the object is idle, the
-	 * result of the ioctl, that all engines are idle, is accurate.
+	 * provided as a guide and only indirectly by reporting its class
+	 * (there may be more than one engine in each class). There are race
+	 * conditions which prevent the report of which engines are busy from
+	 * being always accurate.  However, the converse is not true. If the
+	 * object is idle, the result of the ioctl, that all engines are idle,
+	 * is accurate.
 	 *
 	 * The returned dword is split into two fields to indicate both
-	 * the engines on which the object is being read, and the
-	 * engine on which it is currently being written (if any).
+	 * the engine classess on which the object is being read, and the
+	 * engine class on which it is currently being written (if any).
 	 *
 	 * The low word (bits 0:15) indicate if the object is being written
 	 * to by any engine (there can only be one, as the GEM implicit
 	 * synchronisation rules force writes to be serialised). Only the
-	 * engine for the last write is reported.
+	 * engine class (offset by 1, I915_ENGINE_CLASS_RENDER is reported as
+	 * 1 not 0 etc) for the last write is reported.
 	 *
-	 * The high word (bits 16:31) are a bitmask of which engines are
-	 * currently reading from the object. Multiple engines may be
+	 * The high word (bits 16:31) are a bitmask of which engines classes
+	 * are currently reading from the object. Multiple engines may be
 	 * reading from the object simultaneously.
 	 *
-	 * The value of each engine is the same as specified in the
-	 * EXECBUFFER2 ioctl, i.e. I915_EXEC_RENDER, I915_EXEC_BSD etc.
-	 * Note I915_EXEC_DEFAULT is a symbolic value and is mapped to
-	 * the I915_EXEC_RENDER engine for execution, and so it is never
+	 * The value of each engine class is the same as specified in the
+	 * I915_CONTEXT_SET_ENGINES parameter and via perf, i.e.
+	 * I915_ENGINE_CLASS_RENDER, I915_ENGINE_CLASS_COPY, etc.
 	 * reported as active itself. Some hardware may have parallel
 	 * execution engines, e.g. multiple media engines, which are
-	 * mapped to the same identifier in the EXECBUFFER2 ioctl and
-	 * so are not separately reported for busyness.
+	 * mapped to the same class identifier and so are not separately
+	 * reported for busyness.
 	 *
 	 * Caveat emptor:
 	 * Only the boolean result of this query is reliable; that is whether