From f2580a907e5c0e8fc9354fd095b011301c64f949 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Michael Kelley Date: Mon, 18 Mar 2024 08:54:08 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] x86/hyperv: Use Hyper-V entropy to seed guest random number generator A Hyper-V host provides its guest VMs with entropy in a custom ACPI table named "OEM0". The entropy bits are updated each time Hyper-V boots the VM, and are suitable for seeding the Linux guest random number generator (rng). See a brief description of OEM0 in [1]. Generation 2 VMs on Hyper-V use UEFI to boot. Existing EFI code in Linux seeds the rng with entropy bits from the EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL. Via this path, the rng is seeded very early during boot with good entropy. The ACPI OEM0 table provided in such VMs is an additional source of entropy. Generation 1 VMs on Hyper-V boot from BIOS. For these VMs, Linux doesn't currently get any entropy from the Hyper-V host. While this is not fundamentally broken because Linux can generate its own entropy, using the Hyper-V host provided entropy would get the rng off to a better start and would do so earlier in the boot process. Improve the rng seeding for Generation 1 VMs by having Hyper-V specific code in Linux take advantage of the OEM0 table to seed the rng. For Generation 2 VMs, use the OEM0 table to provide additional entropy beyond the EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL. Because the OEM0 table is custom to Hyper-V, parse it directly in the Hyper-V code in the Linux kernel and use add_bootloader_randomness() to add it to the rng. Once the entropy bits are read from OEM0, zero them out in the table so they don't appear in /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/OEM0 in the running VM. The zero'ing is done out of an abundance of caution to avoid potential security risks to the rng. Also set the OEM0 data length to zero so a kexec or other subsequent use of the table won't try to use the zero'ed bits. [1] https://download.microsoft.com/download/1/c/9/1c9813b8-089c-4fef-b2ad-ad80e79403ba/Whitepaper%20-%20The%20Windows%2010%20random%20number%20generation%20infrastructure.pdf Signed-off-by: Michael Kelley Reviewed-by: Jason A. Donenfeld Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240318155408.216851-1-mhklinux@outlook.com Signed-off-by: Wei Liu Message-ID: <20240318155408.216851-1-mhklinux@outlook.com> --- arch/arm64/hyperv/mshyperv.c | 2 + arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c | 1 + drivers/hv/hv_common.c | 69 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ include/asm-generic/mshyperv.h | 2 + 4 files changed, 74 insertions(+) diff --git a/arch/arm64/hyperv/mshyperv.c b/arch/arm64/hyperv/mshyperv.c index 03ac88bb9d10..b1a4de4eee29 100644 --- a/arch/arm64/hyperv/mshyperv.c +++ b/arch/arm64/hyperv/mshyperv.c @@ -72,6 +72,8 @@ static int __init hyperv_init(void) return ret; } + ms_hyperv_late_init(); + hyperv_initialized = true; return 0; } diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c index 909a6236a4c0..faf438dce9db 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c @@ -639,6 +639,7 @@ const __initconst struct hypervisor_x86 x86_hyper_ms_hyperv = { .init.x2apic_available = ms_hyperv_x2apic_available, .init.msi_ext_dest_id = ms_hyperv_msi_ext_dest_id, .init.init_platform = ms_hyperv_init_platform, + .init.guest_late_init = ms_hyperv_late_init, #ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT .runtime.sev_es_hcall_prepare = hv_sev_es_hcall_prepare, .runtime.sev_es_hcall_finish = hv_sev_es_hcall_finish, diff --git a/drivers/hv/hv_common.c b/drivers/hv/hv_common.c index 5d64cb0a709d..dde3f9b6871a 100644 --- a/drivers/hv/hv_common.c +++ b/drivers/hv/hv_common.c @@ -20,8 +20,11 @@ #include #include #include +#include +#include #include #include +#include #include #include #include @@ -355,6 +358,72 @@ int __init hv_common_init(void) return 0; } +void __init ms_hyperv_late_init(void) +{ + struct acpi_table_header *header; + acpi_status status; + u8 *randomdata; + u32 length, i; + + /* + * Seed the Linux random number generator with entropy provided by + * the Hyper-V host in ACPI table OEM0. + */ + if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ACPI)) + return; + + status = acpi_get_table("OEM0", 0, &header); + if (ACPI_FAILURE(status) || !header) + return; + + /* + * Since the "OEM0" table name is for OEM specific usage, verify + * that what we're seeing purports to be from Microsoft. + */ + if (strncmp(header->oem_table_id, "MICROSFT", 8)) + goto error; + + /* + * Ensure the length is reasonable. Requiring at least 8 bytes and + * no more than 4K bytes is somewhat arbitrary and just protects + * against a malformed table. Hyper-V currently provides 64 bytes, + * but allow for a change in a later version. + */ + if (header->length < sizeof(*header) + 8 || + header->length > sizeof(*header) + SZ_4K) + goto error; + + length = header->length - sizeof(*header); + randomdata = (u8 *)(header + 1); + + pr_debug("Hyper-V: Seeding rng with %d random bytes from ACPI table OEM0\n", + length); + + add_bootloader_randomness(randomdata, length); + + /* + * To prevent the seed data from being visible in /sys/firmware/acpi, + * zero out the random data in the ACPI table and fixup the checksum. + * The zero'ing is done out of an abundance of caution in avoiding + * potential security risks to the rng. Similarly, reset the table + * length to just the header size so that a subsequent kexec doesn't + * try to use the zero'ed out random data. + */ + for (i = 0; i < length; i++) { + header->checksum += randomdata[i]; + randomdata[i] = 0; + } + + for (i = 0; i < sizeof(header->length); i++) + header->checksum += ((u8 *)&header->length)[i]; + header->length = sizeof(*header); + for (i = 0; i < sizeof(header->length); i++) + header->checksum -= ((u8 *)&header->length)[i]; + +error: + acpi_put_table(header); +} + /* * Hyper-V specific initialization and die code for * individual CPUs that is common across all architectures. diff --git a/include/asm-generic/mshyperv.h b/include/asm-generic/mshyperv.h index 452b7c089b71..99935779682d 100644 --- a/include/asm-generic/mshyperv.h +++ b/include/asm-generic/mshyperv.h @@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ extern u64 (*hv_read_reference_counter)(void); int __init hv_common_init(void); void __init hv_common_free(void); +void __init ms_hyperv_late_init(void); int hv_common_cpu_init(unsigned int cpu); int hv_common_cpu_die(unsigned int cpu); @@ -292,6 +293,7 @@ void hv_setup_dma_ops(struct device *dev, bool coherent); static inline bool hv_is_hyperv_initialized(void) { return false; } static inline bool hv_is_hibernation_supported(void) { return false; } static inline void hyperv_cleanup(void) {} +static inline void ms_hyperv_late_init(void) {} static inline bool hv_is_isolation_supported(void) { return false; } static inline enum hv_isolation_type hv_get_isolation_type(void) {