NLMSG_DONE contains an error code, it has to be extracted.
Prior to this change all dumps will end in success,
and in case of failure the result is silently truncated.
Fixes: e4b48ed460 ("tools: ynl: add a completely generic client")
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240420020827.3288615-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
When we set members of simple nested structures in requests
we need to set "presence" bits for all the nesting layers
below. This has nothing to do with the presence type of
the last layer.
Fixes: be5bea1cc0 ("net: add basic C code generators for Netlink")
Reviewed-by: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240321020214.1250202-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
I "extracted" YNL C into a GitHub repo to make it easier
to use in other projects: https://github.com/linux-netdev/ynl-c
GitHub actions use Ubuntu by default, and the kernel headers
there are missing f329a0ebea ("genetlink: correct uAPI defines").
Add the direct include workaround for nlctrl.
Fixes: 768e044a5f ("doc/netlink/specs: Add spec for nlctrl netlink family")
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240315002108.523232-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
The family struct is auto-generated for new families, support
use of the sock_priv_* mechanism added in commit a731132424
("genetlink: introduce per-sock family private storage").
For example if the family wants to use struct sk_buff as its
private struct (unrealistic but just for illustration), it would
add to its spec:
kernel-family:
headers: [ "linux/skbuff.h" ]
sock-priv: struct sk_buff
ynl-gen-c will declare the appropriate priv size and hook
in function prototypes to be implemented by the family.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240308190319.2523704-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Support using pre-defined values in checks so we don't need to use hard
code number for the string, binary length. e.g. we have a definition like
#define TEAM_STRING_MAX_LEN 32
Which defined in yaml like:
definitions:
-
name: string-max-len
type: const
value: 32
It can be used in the attribute-sets like
attribute-sets:
-
name: attr-option
name-prefix: team-attr-option-
attributes:
-
name: name
type: string
checks:
len: string-max-len
With this patch it will be converted to
[TEAM_ATTR_OPTION_NAME] = { .type = NLA_STRING, .len = TEAM_STRING_MAX_LEN, }
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240311140727.109562-1-liuhangbin@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Running the page-pool sample on production machines under moderate
networking load shows recycling rate higher than 100%:
$ page-pool
eth0[2] page pools: 14 (zombies: 0)
refs: 89088 bytes: 364904448 (refs: 0 bytes: 0)
recycling: 100.3% (alloc: 1392:2290247724 recycle: 469289484:1828235386)
Note that outstanding refs (89088) == slow alloc * cache size (1392 * 64)
which means this machine is recycling page pool pages perfectly, not
a single page has been released.
The extra 0.3% is because sample ignores allocations from the ptr_ring.
Treat those the same as alloc_fast, the ring vs cache alloc is
already captured accurately enough by recycling stats.
With the fix:
$ page-pool
eth0[2] page pools: 14 (zombies: 0)
refs: 89088 bytes: 364904448 (refs: 0 bytes: 0)
recycling: 100.0% (alloc: 1392:2331141604 recycle: 473625579:1857460661)
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The nlctrl genetlink-legacy family uses nest-type-value encoding as
described in Documentation/userspace-api/netlink/genetlink-legacy.rst
Add nest-type-value decoding to ynl.
Signed-off-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240306231046.97158-5-donald.hunter@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
ynl-gen-c generates e.g. 'calloc(mcast_groups, sizeof(*dst->mcast_groups))'
for array-nest attrs when it should be 'n_mcast_groups'.
Add a 'n_' prefix in the generated code for array-nests.
Signed-off-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240306231046.97158-4-donald.hunter@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
ynl does not handle NlError exceptions so they get reported like program
failures. Handle the NlError exceptions and report the netlink errors
more cleanly.
Example now:
Netlink error: No such file or directory
nl_len = 44 (28) nl_flags = 0x300 nl_type = 2
error: -2 extack: {'bad-attr': '.op'}
Example before:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/donaldh/net-next/./tools/net/ynl/cli.py", line 81, in <module>
main()
File "/home/donaldh/net-next/./tools/net/ynl/cli.py", line 69, in main
reply = ynl.dump(args.dump, attrs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/donaldh/net-next/tools/net/ynl/lib/ynl.py", line 906, in dump
return self._op(method, vals, [], dump=True)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/home/donaldh/net-next/tools/net/ynl/lib/ynl.py", line 872, in _op
raise NlError(nl_msg)
lib.ynl.NlError: Netlink error: No such file or directory
nl_len = 44 (28) nl_flags = 0x300 nl_type = 2
error: -2 extack: {'bad-attr': '.op'}
Signed-off-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240306231046.97158-3-donald.hunter@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Extack decoding was using a hard-coded msg header size of 20 but
netlink-raw has a header size of 16.
Use a protocol specific msghdr_size() when decoding the attr offssets.
Signed-off-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240306231046.97158-2-donald.hunter@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Donald points out that we don't check for overflows.
Stash the length of the message on nlmsg_pid (nlmsg_seq would
do as well). This allows the attribute helpers to remain
self-contained (no extra arguments). Also let the put
helpers continue to return nothing. The error is checked
only in (newly introduced) ynl_msg_end().
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240305185000.964773-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Most "production" netlink clients use large buffers to
make dump efficient, which means that handling of dump
continuation in the kernel is not very well tested.
Add an option for debugging / testing handling of dumps.
It enables printing of extra netlink-level debug and
lowers the recv() buffer size in one go. When used
without any argument (--dbg-small-recv) it picks
a very small default (4000), explicit size can be set,
too (--dbg-small-recv 5000).
Example:
$ ./cli.py [...] --dbg-small-recv
Recv: read 3712 bytes, 29 messages
nl_len = 128 (112) nl_flags = 0x0 nl_type = 19
[...]
nl_len = 128 (112) nl_flags = 0x0 nl_type = 19
Recv: read 3968 bytes, 31 messages
nl_len = 128 (112) nl_flags = 0x0 nl_type = 19
[...]
nl_len = 128 (112) nl_flags = 0x0 nl_type = 19
Recv: read 532 bytes, 5 messages
nl_len = 128 (112) nl_flags = 0x0 nl_type = 19
[...]
nl_len = 128 (112) nl_flags = 0x0 nl_type = 19
nl_len = 20 (4) nl_flags = 0x2 nl_type = 3
(the [...] are edits to shorten the commit message).
Note that the first message of the dump is sized conservatively
by the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
For manual debug, allow printing the netlink level messages
to stderr.
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Make the size of the buffer we use for recv() configurable.
The details of the buffer sizing in netlink are somewhat
arcane, we could spend a lot of time polishing this API.
Let's just leave some hopefully helpful comments for now.
This is a for-developers-only feature, anyway.
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We add the new line even if message has no error or extack,
which leads to print(nl_msg) ending with two new lines.
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Build process uses python to generate the user space code.
Remove __pycache__ on make clean.
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Donald points out most YNL makefiles are missing distclean
in .PHONY, even tho generated/Makefile does list it.
Suggested-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The make target to remove all generated files used to be called
"hardclean" because it deleted files which were tracked by git.
We no longer track generated user space files, so use the more
common "distclean" name.
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
To stick to libmnl wrappers in the past we had to use poll()
to check if there are any outstanding notifications on the socket.
This is no longer necessary, we can use MSG_DONTWAIT.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-16-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Most libmnl socket helpers can be replaced by direct calls to
the underlying libc API. We need portid, the netlink manpage
suggests we bind() address of zero.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-14-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
All YNL parsing callbacks take struct ynl_parse_arg as the argument.
Make that official by using a local callback type instead of mnl_cb_t.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-12-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
There's only one set of callbacks in YNL, for netlink control
messages, and most of them are trivial. So implement the message
walking directly without depending on mnl_cb_run2().
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-11-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
ynl_recv_ack() is simple and it's the only user of mnl_cb_run().
Now that ynl_sock_read_msgs() exists it's actually less code
to use ynl_sock_read_msgs() instead of being special.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-10-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
All callers to mnl_cb_run2() call mnl_socket_recvfrom() right before.
Wrap the two in a helper, take typed arguments (struct ynl_parse_arg),
instead of hoping that all callers remember that parser error handling
requires yarg.
In case of ynl_sock_read_family() we will no longer check for kernel
returning no data, but that would be a kernel bug, not worth complicating
the code to catch this. Calling mnl_cb_run2() on an empty buffer
is legal and results in STOP (1).
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-9-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Commit f2ba1e5e22 ("tools: ynl-gen: stop generating common notification handlers")
removed the last caller of the parse_cb_run() helper.
We no longer need to export ynl_cb_array.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-8-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
All YNL parsing code expects a pointer to struct ynl_parse_arg AKA yarg.
For dump was pass in struct ynl_dump_state, which works fine, because
struct ynl_dump_state and struct ynl_parse_arg have identical layout
for the members that matter.. but it's a bit hacky.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-7-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Create helpers for accessing payloads of struct nlmsg.
Use them instead of the libmnl ones.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-5-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Don't use mnl attr helpers, we're trying to remove the libmnl
dependency. Create both signed and unsigned helpers, libmnl
had unsigned helpers, so code generator no longer needs
the mnl_type() hack.
The new helpers are written from first principles, but are
hopefully not too buggy.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-3-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
The temporary auto-int helpers are not really correct.
We can't treat signed and unsigned ints the same when
determining whether we need full 8B. I realized this
before sending the patch to add support in libmnl.
Unfortunately, that patch has not been merged,
so time to fix our local helpers. Use the mnl* name
for now, subsequent patches will address that.
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227223032.1835527-2-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
We never increment the group number iterator, so all groups
get recorded into index 0 of the mcast_groups[] array.
As a result YNL can only handle using the last group.
For example using the "netdev" sample on kernel with
page pool commands results in:
$ ./samples/netdev
YNL: Multicast group 'mgmt' not found
Most families have only one multicast group, so this hasn't
been noticed. Plus perhaps developers usually test the last
group which would have worked.
Fixes: 86878f14d7 ("tools: ynl: user space helpers")
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240226214019.1255242-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Since commit 7c59c9c8f2 ("tools: ynl: generate code for ovs families")
we need relatively recent OvS headers to get YNL to compile.
Add the direct include workaround to fix compilation on less
up-to-date OSes like CentOS 9.
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240226225806.1301152-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
devlink and ethtool have a trailing _ in the header guard. I must have
copy/pasted it into new guards, assuming it's a headers_install artifact.
This fixes build if system headers are old.
Fixes: 8f109e91b8 ("tools: ynl: include dpll and mptcp_pm in C codegen")
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222234831.179181-1-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
During decoding of messages coming from kernel, attribute values are
converted to enum names in case the attribute type is enum of bitfield32.
However, when user constructs json message, he has to pass plain scalar
values. See "state" "selector" and "value" attributes in following
examples:
$ sudo ./tools/net/ynl/cli.py --spec Documentation/netlink/specs/dpll.yaml --do pin-set --json '{"id": 0, "parent-device": {"parent-id": 0, "state": 1}}'
$ sudo ./tools/net/ynl/cli.py --spec Documentation/netlink/specs/devlink.yaml --do port-set --json '{"bus-name": "pci", "dev-name": "0000:08:00.1", "port-index": 98304, "port-function": {"caps": {"selector": 1, "value": 1 }}}'
Allow user to pass strings containing enum names, convert them to scalar
values to be encoded into Netlink message:
$ sudo ./tools/net/ynl/cli.py --spec Documentation/netlink/specs/dpll.yaml --do pin-set --json '{"id": 0, "parent-device": {"parent-id": 0, "state": "connected"}}'
$ sudo ./tools/net/ynl/cli.py --spec Documentation/netlink/specs/devlink.yaml --do port-set --json '{"bus-name": "pci", "dev-name": "0000:08:00.1", "port-index": 98304, "port-function": {"caps": {"selector": ["roce-bit"], "value": ["roce-bit"] }}}'
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222134351.224704-4-jiri@resnulli.us
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
As a preparation to handle enums for scalar values, unify the processing
of all scalar types in a single elif statement.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222134351.224704-3-jiri@resnulli.us
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
The flag attr presence in Netlink message indicates value "true",
if it is missing in the message it means "false".
Allow user to specify attrname with value "true"/"false"
in json for flag attrs, treat "false" value properly.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240222134351.224704-2-jiri@resnulli.us
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Make sure to free the already-parsed mcast_groups if
we don't get an ack from the kernel when reading family info.
This is part of the ynl_sock_create() error path, so we won't
get a call to ynl_sock_destroy() to free them later.
Fixes: 86878f14d7 ("tools: ynl: user space helpers")
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240220161112.2735195-3-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
There is one common error handler in ynl - ynl_cb_error().
It expects priv to be a pointer to struct ynl_parse_arg AKA yarg.
To avoid potential crashes if we encounter a stray NLMSG_ERROR
always pass yarg as priv (or a struct which has it as the first
member).
ynl_cb_null() has a similar problem directly - it expects yarg
but priv passed by the caller is ys.
Found by code inspection.
Fixes: 86878f14d7 ("tools: ynl: user space helpers")
Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240220161112.2735195-2-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
If message contains unknown attribute and user passes
"--process-unknown" command line option, _decode() gets called with space
arg set to None. In that case, attr_space variable is not initialized
used which leads to following trace:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./tools/net/ynl/cli.py", line 77, in <module>
main()
File "./tools/net/ynl/cli.py", line 68, in main
reply = ynl.dump(args.dump, attrs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "tools/net/ynl/lib/ynl.py", line 909, in dump
return self._op(method, vals, [], dump=True)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "tools/net/ynl/lib/ynl.py", line 894, in _op
rsp_msg = self._decode(decoded.raw_attrs, op.attr_set.name)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "tools/net/ynl/lib/ynl.py", line 639, in _decode
self._rsp_add(rsp, attr_name, None, self._decode_unknown(attr))
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "tools/net/ynl/lib/ynl.py", line 569, in _decode_unknown
return self._decode(NlAttrs(attr.raw), None)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "tools/net/ynl/lib/ynl.py", line 630, in _decode
search_attrs = SpaceAttrs(attr_space, rsp, outer_attrs)
^^^^^^^^^^
UnboundLocalError: cannot access local variable 'attr_space' where it is not associated with a value
Fix this by moving search_attrs assignment under the if statement
above it to make sure attr_space is initialized.
Fixes: bf8b832374 ("tools/net/ynl: Support sub-messages in nested attribute spaces")
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Multi-attr elements could not be encoded because of missing logic in the
ynl code. Enable encoding of these attributes by checking if the
attribute is a multi-attr and if the value to be processed is a list.
This has been tested both with the taprio and ets qdisc which contain
this kind of attributes.
Signed-off-by: Alessandro Marcolini <alessandromarcolini99@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/c5bc9f5797168dbf7a4379c42f38d5de8ac7f38a.1706962013.git.alessandromarcolini99@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Instead of listing the genetlink families that we want to codegen
for, always codegen for everyone. We can add an opt-out later but
it seems like most families are not causing any issues, and yet
folks forget to add them to the Makefile.
Reviewed-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240202004926.447803-4-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Add ovs_flow, ovs_vport and ovs_datapath to the families supported
in C. ovs-flow has some circular nesting which is fun to deal with,
but the necessary support has been added already in the previous
release cycle.
Add a sample that proves that dealing with fixed headers does
actually work correctly.
Reviewed-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240202004926.447803-3-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
