Relocation in a zoned filesystem can fail with a transaction abort with
error -22 (EINVAL). This happens because the relocation code assumes that
the extents we relocated the data to have the same size the source extents
had and ensures this by preallocating the extents.
But in a zoned filesystem we currently can't preallocate the extents as
this would break the sequential write required rule. Therefore it can
happen that the writeback process kicks in while we're still adding pages
to a delalloc range and starts writing out dirty pages.
This then creates destination extents that are smaller than the source
extents, triggering the following safety check in get_new_location():
1034 if (num_bytes != btrfs_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(leaf, fi)) {
1035 ret = -EINVAL;
1036 goto out;
1037 }
Temporarily create a dedicated block group for the relocation process, so
no non-relocation data writes can interfere with the relocation writes.
This is needed that we can switch the relocation process on a zoned
filesystem from the REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND writing we use for data to a scheme
like in a non-zoned filesystem using REQ_OP_WRITE and preallocation.
Fixes: 32430c6148 ("btrfs: zoned: enable relocation on a zoned filesystem")
Reviewed-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
If we have written to the zone capacity, the device automatically
deactivates the zone. Sync up block group side (the active BG list and
zone_is_active flag) with it.
We need to do it both on data BGs and metadata BGs. On data side, we add a
hook to btrfs_finish_ordered_io(). On metadata side, we use
end_extent_buffer_writeback().
To reduce excess lookup of a block group, we mark the last extent buffer in
a block group with EXTENT_BUFFER_ZONE_FINISH flag. This cannot be done for
data (ordered_extent), because the address may change due to
REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND.
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
The current extent allocator tries to allocate a new block group when the
existing block groups do not have enough space. On a ZNS device, a new
block group means a new active zone. If the number of active zones has
already reached the max_active_zones, activating a new zone needs to finish
an existing zone, leading to wasting the free space there.
So, instead, it should reuse the existing active block groups as much as
possible when we can't activate any other zones without sacrificing an
already activated block group.
While at it, I converted find_free_extent_update_loop() to check the
found_extent() case early and made the other conditions simpler.
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Add zone_is_active flag to btrfs_block_group. This flag indicates the
underlying zones are all active. Such zone active block groups are tracked
by fs_info->active_bg_list.
btrfs_dev_{set,clear}_active_zone() take responsibility for the underlying
device part. They set/clear the bitmap to indicate zone activeness and
count the number of zones we can activate left.
btrfs_zone_{activate,finish}() take responsibility for the logical part and
the list management. In addition, btrfs_zone_finish() wait for any writes
on it and send REQ_OP_ZONE_FINISH to the zone.
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
The ZNS specification defines a limit on the number of zones that can be in
the implicit open, explicit open or closed conditions. Any zone with such
condition is defined as an active zone and correspond to any zone that is
being written or that has been only partially written. If the maximum
number of active zones is reached, we must either reset or finish some
active zones before being able to chose other zones for storing data.
Load queue_max_active_zones() and track the number of active zones left on
the device.
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
If there is no more space left for a new superblock in a superblock zone,
then it is better to ZONE_FINISH the zone and frees up the active zone
count.
Since btrfs_advance_sb_log() can now issue REQ_OP_ZONE_FINISH, we also need
to convert it to return int for the error case.
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
There used to be a patch in the original series for zoned support which
limited the extent size to max_zone_append_size, but this patch has been
dropped somewhere around v9.
We've decided to go the opposite direction, instead of limiting extents
in the first place we split them before submission to comply with the
device's limits.
Remove the related code, btrfs_fs_info::max_zone_append_size and
btrfs_zoned_device_info::max_zone_append_size.
This also removes the workaround for dm-crypt introduced in
1d68128c10 ("btrfs: zoned: fail mount if the device does not support
zone append") because the fix has been merged as f34ee1dce6 ("dm
crypt: Fix zoned block device support").
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
To be able to construct a zone append bio we need to look up the
btrfs_device. The code doing the chunk map lookup to get the device is
present in btrfs_submit_compressed_write and submit_extent_page.
Factor out the lookup calls into a helper and use it in the submission
paths.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
btrfs_use_zone_append only needs the passed in extent_map's block_start
member, so there's no need to pass in the full extent map.
This also enables the use of btrfs_use_zone_append in places where we only
have a start byte but no extent_map.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
When a file gets deleted on a zoned file system, the space freed is not
returned back into the block group's free space, but is migrated to
zone_unusable.
As this zone_unusable space is behind the current write pointer it is not
possible to use it for new allocations. In the current implementation a
zone is reset once all of the block group's space is accounted as zone
unusable.
This behaviour can lead to premature ENOSPC errors on a busy file system.
Instead of only reclaiming the zone once it is completely unusable,
kick off a reclaim job once the amount of unusable bytes exceeds a user
configurable threshold between 51% and 100%. It can be set per mounted
filesystem via the sysfs tunable bg_reclaim_threshold which is set to 75%
by default.
Similar to reclaiming unused block groups, these dirty block groups are
added to a to_reclaim list and then on a transaction commit, the reclaim
process is triggered but after we deleted unused block groups, which will
free space for the relocation process.
Reviewed-by: Filipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
This is the 1/3 patch to enable tree log on zoned filesystems.
The tree-log feature does not work on a zoned filesystem as is. Blocks for
a tree-log tree are allocated mixed with other metadata blocks and btrfs
writes and syncs the tree-log blocks to devices at the time of fsync(),
which has a different timing than a global transaction commit. As a
result, both writing tree-log blocks and writing other metadata blocks
become non-sequential writes that zoned filesystems must avoid.
Introduce a dedicated block group for tree-log blocks, so that tree-log
blocks and other metadata blocks can be separate write streams. As a
result, each write stream can now be written to devices separately.
"fs_info->treelog_bg" tracks the dedicated block group and assigns
"treelog_bg" on-demand on tree-log block allocation time.
This commit extends the zoned block allocator to use the block group.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
This is 4/4 patch to implement device-replace on zoned filesystems.
Even after the copying is done, the write pointers of the source device
and the destination device may not be synchronized. For example, when
the last allocated extent is freed before device-replace process, the
extent is not copied, leaving a hole there.
Synchronize the write pointers by writing zeroes to the destination
device.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
This is 3/4 patch to implement device-replace on zoned filesystems.
This commit implements copying. To do this, it tracks the write pointer
during the device replace process. As device-replace's copy process is
smart enough to only copy used extents on the source device, we have to
fill the gap to honor the sequential write requirement in the target
device.
The device-replace process on zoned filesystems must copy or clone all
the extents in the source device exactly once. So, we need to ensure
allocations started just before the dev-replace process to have their
corresponding extent information in the B-trees.
finish_extent_writes_for_zoned() implements that functionality, which
basically is the removed code in the commit 042528f8d8 ("Btrfs: fix
block group remaining RO forever after error during device replace").
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
We cannot use zone append for writing metadata, because the B-tree nodes
have references to each other using logical address. Without knowing
the address in advance, we cannot construct the tree in the first place.
So we need to serialize write IOs for metadata.
We cannot add a mutex around allocation and submission because metadata
blocks are allocated in an earlier stage to build up B-trees.
Add a zoned_meta_io_lock and hold it during metadata IO submission in
btree_write_cache_pages() to serialize IOs.
Furthermore, this adds a per-block group metadata IO submission pointer
"meta_write_pointer" to ensure sequential writing, which can break when
attempting to write back blocks in an unfinished transaction. If the
writing out failed because of a hole and the write out is for data
integrity (WB_SYNC_ALL), it returns EAGAIN.
A caller like fsync() code should handle this properly e.g. by falling
back to a full transaction commit.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Enable zone append writing for zoned mode. When using zone append, a
bio is issued to the start of a target zone and the device decides to
place it inside the zone. Upon completion the device reports the actual
written position back to the host.
Three parts are necessary to enable zone append mode. First, modify the
bio to use REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND in btrfs_submit_bio_hook() and adjust the
bi_sector to point the beginning of the zone.
Second, record the returned physical address (and disk/partno) to the
ordered extent in end_bio_extent_writepage() after the bio has been
completed. We cannot resolve the physical address to the logical address
because we can neither take locks nor allocate a buffer in this end_bio
context. So, we need to record the physical address to resolve it later
in btrfs_finish_ordered_io().
And finally, rewrite the logical addresses of the extent mapping and
checksum data according to the physical address using btrfs_rmap_block.
If the returned address matches the originally allocated address, we can
skip this rewriting process.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
On a zoned filesystem, cache if a block group is on a sequential write
only zone.
On sequential write only zones, we can use REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND for
writing data, therefore provide btrfs_use_zone_append() to figure out if
IO is targeting a sequential write only zone and we can use
REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND for data writing.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
We must reset the zones of a deleted unused block group to rewind the
zones' write pointers to the zones' start.
To do this, we can use the DISCARD_SYNC code to do the reset when the
filesystem is running on zoned devices.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Tree manipulating operations like merging nodes often release
once-allocated tree nodes. Such nodes are cleaned so that pages in the
node are not uselessly written out. On zoned volumes, however, such
optimization blocks the following IOs as the cancellation of the write
out of the freed blocks breaks the sequential write sequence expected by
the device.
Introduce a list of clean and unwritten extent buffers that have been
released in a transaction. Redirty the buffers so that
btree_write_cache_pages() can send proper bios to the devices.
Besides it clears the entire content of the extent buffer not to confuse
raw block scanners e.g. 'btrfs check'. By clearing the content,
csum_dirty_buffer() complains about bytenr mismatch, so avoid the
checking and checksum using newly introduced buffer flag
EXTENT_BUFFER_NO_CHECK.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
In a zoned filesystem a once written then freed region is not usable
until the underlying zone has been reset. So we need to distinguish such
unusable space from usable free space.
Therefore we need to introduce the "zone_unusable" field to the block
group structure, and "bytes_zone_unusable" to the space_info structure
to track the unusable space.
Pinned bytes are always reclaimed to the unusable space. But, when an
allocated region is returned before using e.g., the block group becomes
read-only between allocation time and reservation time, we can safely
return the region to the block group. For the situation, this commit
introduces "btrfs_add_free_space_unused". This behaves the same as
btrfs_add_free_space() on regular filesystem. On zoned filesystems, it
rewinds the allocation offset.
Because the read-only bytes tracks free but unusable bytes when the block
group is read-only, we need to migrate the zone_unusable bytes to
read-only bytes when a block group is marked read-only.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Conventional zones do not have a write pointer, so we cannot use it to
determine the allocation offset for sequential allocation if a block
group contains a conventional zone.
But instead, we can consider the end of the highest addressed extent in
the block group for the allocation offset.
For new block group, we cannot calculate the allocation offset by
consulting the extent tree, because it can cause deadlock by taking
extent buffer lock after chunk mutex, which is already taken in
btrfs_make_block_group(). Since it is a new block group anyways, we can
simply set the allocation offset to 0.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
A zoned filesystem must allocate blocks at the zones' write pointer. The
device's write pointer position can be mapped to a logical address within
a block group. To facilitate this, add an "alloc_offset" to the
block-group to track the logical addresses of the write pointer.
This logical address is populated in btrfs_load_block_group_zone_info()
from the write pointers of corresponding zones.
For now, zoned filesystems the single profile. Supporting non-single
profile with zone append writing is not trivial. For example, in the DUP
profile, we send a zone append writing IO to two zones on a device. The
device reply with written LBAs for the IOs. If the offsets of the
returned addresses from the beginning of the zone are different, then it
results in different logical addresses.
We need fine-grained logical to physical mapping to support such separated
physical address issue. Since it should require additional metadata type,
disable non-single profiles for now.
This commit supports the case all the zones in a block group are
sequential. The next patch will handle the case having a conventional
zone.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Implement a zoned chunk and device extent allocator. One device zone
becomes a device extent so that a zone reset affects only this device
extent and does not change the state of blocks in the neighbor device
extents.
To implement the allocator, we need to extend the following functions for
a zoned filesystem.
- init_alloc_chunk_ctl
- dev_extent_search_start
- dev_extent_hole_check
- decide_stripe_size
init_alloc_chunk_ctl_zoned() is mostly the same as regular one. It always
set the stripe_size to the zone size and aligns the parameters to the zone
size.
dev_extent_search_start() only aligns the start offset to zone boundaries.
We don't care about the first 1MB like in regular filesystem because we
anyway reserve the first two zones for superblock logging.
dev_extent_hole_check_zoned() checks if zones in given hole are either
conventional or empty sequential zones. Also, it skips zones reserved for
superblock logging.
With the change to the hole, the new hole may now contain pending extents.
So, in this case, loop again to check that.
Finally, decide_stripe_size_zoned() should shrink the number of devices
instead of stripe size because we need to honor stripe_size == zone_size.
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Run a zoned filesystem on non-zoned devices. This is done by "slicing up"
the block device into static sized chunks and fake a conventional zone on
each of them. The emulated zone size is determined from the size of device
extent.
This is mainly aimed at testing of zoned filesystems, i.e. the zoned
chunk allocator, on regular block devices.
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
This is a preparation patch to implement zone emulation on a regular
device.
To emulate a zoned filesystem on a regular (non-zoned) device, we need to
decide an emulated zone size. Instead of making it a compile-time static
value, we'll make it configurable at mkfs time. Since we have one zone ==
one device extent restriction, we can determine the emulated zone size
from the size of a device extent. We can extend btrfs_get_dev_zone_info()
to show a regular device filled with conventional zones once the zone size
is decided.
The current call site of btrfs_get_dev_zone_info() during the mount process
is earlier than loading the file system trees so that we don't know the
size of a device extent at this point. Thus we can't slice a regular device
to conventional zones.
This patch introduces btrfs_get_dev_zone_info_all_devices to load the zone
info for all the devices. And, it places this function in open_ctree()
after loading the trees.
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Superblock (and its copies) is the only data structure in btrfs which
has a fixed location on a device. Since we cannot overwrite in a
sequential write required zone, we cannot place superblock in the zone.
One easy solution is limiting superblock and copies to be placed only in
conventional zones. However, this method has two downsides: one is
reduced number of superblock copies. The location of the second copy of
superblock is 256GB, which is in a sequential write required zone on
typical devices in the market today. So, the number of superblock and
copies is limited to be two. Second downside is that we cannot support
devices which have no conventional zones at all.
To solve these two problems, we employ superblock log writing. It uses
two adjacent zones as a circular buffer to write updated superblocks.
Once the first zone is filled up, start writing into the second one.
Then, when both zones are filled up and before starting to write to the
first zone again, it reset the first zone.
We can determine the position of the latest superblock by reading write
pointer information from a device. One corner case is when both zones
are full. For this situation, we read out the last superblock of each
zone, and compare them to determine which zone is older.
The following zones are reserved as the circular buffer on ZONED btrfs.
- The primary superblock: zones 0 and 1
- The first copy: zones 16 and 17
- The second copy: zones 1024 or zone at 256GB which is minimum, and
next to it
If these reserved zones are conventional, superblock is written fixed at
the start of the zone without logging.
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
As updates to the space cache v1 are in-place, the space cache cannot be
located over sequential zones and there is no guarantees that the device
will have enough conventional zones to store this cache. Resolve this
problem by disabling completely the space cache v1. This does not
introduce any problems with sequential block groups: all the free space
is located after the allocation pointer and no free space before the
pointer. There is no need to have such cache.
Note: we can technically use free-space-tree (space cache v2) on ZONED
mode. But, since ZONED mode now always allocates extents in a block
group sequentially regardless of underlying device zone type, it's no
use to enable and maintain the tree.
For the same reason, NODATACOW is also disabled.
In summary, ZONED will disable:
| Disabled features | Reason |
|-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
| RAID/DUP | Cannot handle two zone append writes to different |
| | zones |
|-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
| space_cache (v1) | In-place updating |
| NODATACOW | In-place updating |
|-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
| fallocate | Reserved extent will be a write hole |
|-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------|
| MIXED_BG | Allocated metadata region will be write holes for |
| | data writes |
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
The zone append write command has a maximum IO size restriction it
accepts. This is because a zone append write command cannot be split, as
we ask the device to place the data into a specific target zone and the
device responds with the actual written location of the data.
Introduce max_zone_append_size to zone_info and fs_info to track the
value, so we can limit all I/O to a zoned block device that we want to
write using the zone append command to the device's limits.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Introduce function btrfs_check_zoned_mode() to check if ZONED flag is
enabled on the file system and if the file system consists of zoned
devices with equal zone size.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
If a zoned block device is found, get its zone information (number of
zones and zone size). To avoid costly run-time zone report
commands to test the device zones type during block allocation, attach
the seq_zones bitmap to the device structure to indicate if a zone is
sequential or accept random writes. Also it attaches the empty_zones
bitmap to indicate if a zone is empty or not.
This patch also introduces the helper function btrfs_dev_is_sequential()
to test if the zone storing a block is a sequential write required zone
and btrfs_dev_is_empty_zone() to test if the zone is a empty zone.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Reviewed-by: Anand Jain <anand.jain@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
