Commit Graph

14 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Greg Kroah-Hartman b24413180f License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-02 11:10:55 +01:00
Al Viro 784d5699ed x86: move exports to actual definitions
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2016-08-07 23:47:15 -04:00
Ingo Molnar 00f5268501 Merge branch 'x86/cleanups' into x86/urgent
Pull in some merge window leftovers.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-03-17 09:44:57 +01:00
Adam Buchbinder 6a6256f9e0 x86: Fix misspellings in comments
Signed-off-by: Adam Buchbinder <adam.buchbinder@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: trivial@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-02-24 08:44:58 +01:00
Borislav Petkov cd4d09ec6f x86/cpufeature: Carve out X86_FEATURE_*
Move them to a separate header and have the following
dependency:

  x86/cpufeatures.h <- x86/processor.h <- x86/cpufeature.h

This makes it easier to use the header in asm code and not
include the whole cpufeature.h and add guards for asm.

Suggested-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1453842730-28463-5-git-send-email-bp@alien8.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-01-30 11:22:17 +01:00
Ingo Molnar 131484c8da x86/debug: Remove perpetually broken, unmaintainable dwarf annotations
So the dwarf2 annotations in low level assembly code have
become an increasing hindrance: unreadable, messy macros
mixed into some of the most security sensitive code paths
of the Linux kernel.

These debug info annotations don't even buy the upstream
kernel anything: dwarf driven stack unwinding has caused
problems in the past so it's out of tree, and the upstream
kernel only uses the much more robust framepointers based
stack unwinding method.

In addition to that there's a steady, slow bitrot going
on with these annotations, requiring frequent fixups.
There's no tooling and no functionality upstream that
keeps it correct.

So burn down the sick forest, allowing new, healthier growth:

   27 files changed, 350 insertions(+), 1101 deletions(-)

Someone who has the willingness and time to do this
properly can attempt to reintroduce dwarf debuginfo in x86
assembly code plus dwarf unwinding from first principles,
with the following conditions:

 - it should be maximally readable, and maximally low-key to
   'ordinary' code reading and maintenance.

 - find a build time method to insert dwarf annotations
   automatically in the most common cases, for pop/push
   instructions that manipulate the stack pointer. This could
   be done for example via a preprocessing step that just
   looks for common patterns - plus special annotations for
   the few cases where we want to depart from the default.
   We have hundreds of CFI annotations, so automating most of
   that makes sense.

 - it should come with build tooling checks that ensure that
   CFI annotations are sensible. We've seen such efforts from
   the framepointer side, and there's no reason it couldn't be
   done on the dwarf side.

Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Frédéric Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2015-06-02 07:57:48 +02:00
Borislav Petkov 84d95ad4cb x86/lib/memset_64.S: Convert to ALTERNATIVE_2 macro
Make alternatives replace single JMPs instead of whole memset functions,
thus decreasing the amount of instructions copied during patching time
at boot.

While at it, make it use the REP_GOOD version by default which means
alternatives NOP out the JMP to the other versions, as REP_GOOD is set
by default on the majority of relevant x86 processors.

Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
2015-02-23 13:50:59 +01:00
Borislav Petkov 4332195c56 x86/alternatives: Add instruction padding
Up until now we have always paid attention to make sure the length of
the new instruction replacing the old one is at least less or equal to
the length of the old instruction. If the new instruction is longer, at
the time it replaces the old instruction it will overwrite the beginning
of the next instruction in the kernel image and cause your pants to
catch fire.

So instead of having to pay attention, teach the alternatives framework
to pad shorter old instructions with NOPs at buildtime - but only in the
case when

  len(old instruction(s)) < len(new instruction(s))

and add nothing in the >= case. (In that case we do add_nops() when
patching).

This way the alternatives user shouldn't have to care about instruction
sizes and simply use the macros.

Add asm ALTERNATIVE* flavor macros too, while at it.

Also, we need to save the pad length in a separate struct alt_instr
member for NOP optimization and the way to do that reliably is to carry
the pad length instead of trying to detect whether we're looking at
single-byte NOPs or at pathological instruction offsets like e9 90 90 90
90, for example, which is a valid instruction.

Thanks to Michael Matz for the great help with toolchain questions.

Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
2015-02-23 13:44:00 +01:00
Andrey Ryabinin 393f203f5f x86_64: kasan: add interceptors for memset/memmove/memcpy functions
Recently instrumentation of builtin functions calls was removed from GCC
5.0.  To check the memory accessed by such functions, userspace asan
always uses interceptors for them.

So now we should do this as well.  This patch declares
memset/memmove/memcpy as weak symbols.  In mm/kasan/kasan.c we have our
own implementation of those functions which checks memory before accessing
it.

Default memset/memmove/memcpy now now always have aliases with '__'
prefix.  For files that built without kasan instrumentation (e.g.
mm/slub.c) original mem* replaced (via #define) with prefixed variants,
cause we don't want to check memory accesses there.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-13 21:21:41 -08:00
Jan Beulich 5d7244e7c9 x86-64: Fix memset() to support sizes of 4Gb and above
While currently there doesn't appear to be any reachable in-tree
case where such large memory blocks may be passed to memset()
(alloc_bootmem() being the primary non-reachable one, as it gets
called with suitably large sizes in FLATMEM configurations), we
have recently hit the problem a second time in our Xen kernels.

Rather than working around it a second time, prevent others from
falling into the same trap by fixing this long standing
limitation.

Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4F05D992020000780006AA09@nat28.tlf.novell.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2012-01-26 11:50:04 +01:00
Fenghua Yu 2f19e06ac3 x86, mem: memset_64.S: Optimize memset by enhanced REP MOVSB/STOSB
Support memset() with enhanced rep stosb. On processors supporting enhanced
REP MOVSB/STOSB, the alternative memset_c_e function using enhanced rep stosb
overrides the fast string alternative memset_c and the original function.

Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1305671358-14478-10-git-send-email-fenghua.yu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
2011-05-17 15:40:31 -07:00
H. Peter Anvin 83a7a2ad2a x86, alternatives: Use 16-bit numbers for cpufeature index
We already have cpufeature indicies above 255, so use a 16-bit number
for the alternatives index.  This consumes a padding field and so
doesn't add any size, but it means that abusing the padding field to
create assembly errors on overflow no longer works.  We can retain the
test simply by redirecting it to the .discard section, however.

[ v3: updated to include open-coded locations ]

Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <tip-f88731e3068f9d1392ba71cc9f50f035d26a0d4f@git.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
2010-07-07 10:36:28 -07:00
Jan Beulich 7269e8812a x86-64: Modify memcpy()/memset() alternatives mechanism
In order to avoid unnecessary chains of branches, rather than
implementing memcpy()/memset()'s access to their alternative
implementations via a jump, patch the (larger) original function
directly.

The memcpy() part of this is slightly subtle: while alternative
instruction patching does itself use memcpy(), with the
replacement block being less than 64-bytes in size the main loop
of the original function doesn't get used for copying memcpy_c()
over memcpy(), and hence we can safely write over its beginning.

Also note that the CFI annotations are fine for both variants of
each of the functions.

Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <4B2BB8D30200007800026AF2@vpn.id2.novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-12-30 11:57:32 +01:00
Thomas Gleixner 185f3d3890 x86_64: move lib
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2007-10-11 11:17:08 +02:00