alloc_pages_vma is meant to allocate a page with a vma specific memory
policy. The initial node parameter is always a local node so it is
pointless to waste a function argument for this. Drop the parameter.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YaSnlv4QpryEpesG@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Ben Widawsky <ben.widawsky@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The second parameter of alloc_pages_exact_nid is the one indicating the
size of memory pointed by the returned pointer.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YbjEgwhn4bGblp//@coeus
Fixes: abd58f38df ("mm/page_alloc: add __alloc_size attributes for better bounds checking")
Signed-off-by: Thibaut Sautereau <thibaut.sautereau@ssi.gouv.fr>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: Levente Polyak <levente@leventepolyak.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
"257 patches.
Subsystems affected by this patch series: scripts, ocfs2, vfs, and
mm (slab-generic, slab, slub, kconfig, dax, kasan, debug, pagecache,
gup, swap, memcg, pagemap, mprotect, mremap, iomap, tracing, vmalloc,
pagealloc, memory-failure, hugetlb, userfaultfd, vmscan, tools,
memblock, oom-kill, hugetlbfs, migration, thp, readahead, nommu, ksm,
vmstat, madvise, memory-hotplug, rmap, zsmalloc, highmem, zram,
cleanups, kfence, and damon)"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (257 commits)
mm/damon: remove return value from before_terminate callback
mm/damon: fix a few spelling mistakes in comments and a pr_debug message
mm/damon: simplify stop mechanism
Docs/admin-guide/mm/pagemap: wordsmith page flags descriptions
Docs/admin-guide/mm/damon/start: simplify the content
Docs/admin-guide/mm/damon/start: fix a wrong link
Docs/admin-guide/mm/damon/start: fix wrong example commands
mm/damon/dbgfs: add adaptive_targets list check before enable monitor_on
mm/damon: remove unnecessary variable initialization
Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon: add a document for DAMON_RECLAIM
mm/damon: introduce DAMON-based Reclamation (DAMON_RECLAIM)
selftests/damon: support watermarks
mm/damon/dbgfs: support watermarks
mm/damon/schemes: activate schemes based on a watermarks mechanism
tools/selftests/damon: update for regions prioritization of schemes
mm/damon/dbgfs: support prioritization weights
mm/damon/vaddr,paddr: support pageout prioritization
mm/damon/schemes: prioritize regions within the quotas
mm/damon/selftests: support schemes quotas
mm/damon/dbgfs: support quotas of schemes
...
Commit ffb29b1c25 ("mm/vmalloc: fix numa spreading for large hash
tables") can cause significant performance regressions in some
situations as Andrew mentioned in [1]. The main situation is vmalloc,
vmalloc will allocate pages with NUMA_NO_NODE by default, that will
result in alloc page one by one;
In order to solve this, __alloc_pages_bulk and mempolicy should be
considered at the same time.
1) If node is specified in memory allocation request, it will alloc all
pages by __alloc_pages_bulk.
2) If interleaving allocate memory, it will cauculate how many pages
should be allocated in each node, and use __alloc_pages_bulk to alloc
pages in each node.
[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CALvZod4G3SzP3kWxQYn0fj+VgG-G3yWXz=gz17+3N57ru1iajw@mail.gmail.com/t/#m750c8e3231206134293b089feaa090590afa0f60
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make two functions static]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_NUMA=n build]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211021080744.874701-3-chenwandun@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Chen Wandun <chenwandun@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As already done in GrapheneOS, add the __alloc_size attribute for
appropriate page allocator interfaces, to provide additional hinting for
better bounds checking, assisting CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE and other
compiler optimizations.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210930222704.2631604-8-keescook@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Co-developed-by: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Dwaipayan Ray <dwaipayanray1@gmail.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Cc: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Alexandre Bounine <alex.bou9@gmail.com>
Cc: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org>
Cc: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Cc: Jing Xiangfeng <jingxiangfeng@huawei.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Cc: Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Souptick Joarder <jrdr.linux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The __folio_alloc(), __folio_alloc_node() and folio_alloc() functions
are mostly for type safety, but they also ensure that the page allocator
allocates a compound page and initialises the deferred list if the page
is large enough to have one.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
As a default implementation, call arch_make_page_accessible n times.
If an architecture can do better, it can override this.
Also move the default implementation of arch_make_page_accessible()
from gfp.h to mm.h.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
"191 patches.
Subsystems affected by this patch series: kthread, ia64, scripts,
ntfs, squashfs, ocfs2, kernel/watchdog, and mm (gup, pagealloc, slab,
slub, kmemleak, dax, debug, pagecache, gup, swap, memcg, pagemap,
mprotect, bootmem, dma, tracing, vmalloc, kasan, initialization,
pagealloc, and memory-failure)"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (191 commits)
mm,hwpoison: make get_hwpoison_page() call get_any_page()
mm,hwpoison: send SIGBUS with error virutal address
mm/page_alloc: split pcp->high across all online CPUs for cpuless nodes
mm/page_alloc: allow high-order pages to be stored on the per-cpu lists
mm: replace CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP with CONFIG_FLATMEM
mm: replace CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES with CONFIG_NUMA
docs: remove description of DISCONTIGMEM
arch, mm: remove stale mentions of DISCONIGMEM
mm: remove CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
m68k: remove support for DISCONTIGMEM
arc: remove support for DISCONTIGMEM
arc: update comment about HIGHMEM implementation
alpha: remove DISCONTIGMEM and NUMA
mm/page_alloc: move free_the_page
mm/page_alloc: fix counting of managed_pages
mm/page_alloc: improve memmap_pages dbg msg
mm: drop SECTION_SHIFT in code comments
mm/page_alloc: introduce vm.percpu_pagelist_high_fraction
mm/page_alloc: limit the number of pages on PCP lists when reclaim is active
mm/page_alloc: scale the number of pages that are batch freed
...
There are several places that mention DISCONIGMEM in comments or have
stale code guarded by CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM.
Remove the dead code and update the comments.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210608091316.3622-7-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "vmalloc() vs bulk allocator", v2.
This patch (of 3):
Add a "node" variant of the alloc_pages_bulk_array() function. The helper
guarantees that a __alloc_pages_bulk() is invoked with a valid NUMA node
ID.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210516202056.2120-1-urezki@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210516202056.2120-2-urezki@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Oleksiy Avramchenko <oleksiy.avramchenko@sonymobile.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Poisoning freed pages protects against kernel use-after-free. The
likelihood of such a bug involving kernel pages is significantly higher
than that for user pages. At the same time, poisoning freed pages can
impose a significant performance cost, which cannot always be justified
for user pages given the lower probability of finding a bug. Therefore,
disable freed user page poisoning when using HW tags. We identify
"user" pages via the flag set GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, which indicates
a strong likelihood of not being directly accessible to the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@gmail.com>
Link: https://linux-review.googlesource.com/id/I716846e2de8ef179f44e835770df7e6307be96c9
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210602235230.3928842-5-pcc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Currently, on an anonymous page fault, the kernel allocates a zeroed
page and maps it in user space. If the mapping is tagged (PROT_MTE),
set_pte_at() additionally clears the tags. It is, however, more
efficient to clear the tags at the same time as zeroing the data on
allocation. To avoid clearing the tags on any page (which may not be
mapped as tagged), only do this if the vma flags contain VM_MTE. This
requires introducing a new GFP flag that is used to determine whether
to clear the tags.
The DC GZVA instruction with a 0 top byte (and 0 tag) requires
top-byte-ignore. Set the TCR_EL1.{TBI1,TBID1} bits irrespective of
whether KASAN_HW is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
Co-developed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Link: https://linux-review.googlesource.com/id/Id46dc94e30fe11474f7e54f5d65e7658dbdddb26
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210602235230.3928842-4-pcc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
size_t in cma_alloc is confusing since it makes people think it's byte
count, not pages. Change it to unsigned long[1].
The unsigned int in cma_release is also not right so change it. Since we
have unsigned long in cma_release, free_contig_range should also respect
it.
[1] 67a2e213e7, mm: cma: fix incorrect type conversion for size during dma allocation
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20210324043434.GP1719932@casper.infradead.org/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210331164018.710560-1-minchan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The proposed callers for the bulk allocator store pages from the bulk
allocator in an array. This patch adds an array-based interface to the
API to avoid multiple list iterations. The page list interface is
preserved to avoid requiring all users of the bulk API to allocate and
manage enough storage to store the pages.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove now unused local `allocated']
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210325114228.27719-4-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Lobakin <alobakin@pm.me>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.duyck@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ilias Apalodimas <ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org>
Cc: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch adds a new page allocator interface via alloc_pages_bulk, and
__alloc_pages_bulk_nodemask. A caller requests a number of pages to be
allocated and added to a list.
The API is not guaranteed to return the requested number of pages and
may fail if the preferred allocation zone has limited free memory, the
cpuset changes during the allocation or page debugging decides to fail
an allocation. It's up to the caller to request more pages in batch if
necessary.
Note that this implementation is not very efficient and could be
improved but it would require refactoring. The intent is to make it
available early to determine what semantics are required by different
callers. Once the full semantics are nailed down, it can be refactored.
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: fix alloc_pages_bulk() return type, per Matthew]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210325123713.GQ3697@techsingularity.net
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: fix uninit var warning]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210330114847.GX3697@techsingularity.net
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: fix comment, per Vlastimil]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210412110255.GV3697@techsingularity.net
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210325114228.27719-3-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Lobakin <alobakin@pm.me>
Tested-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.duyck@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ilias Apalodimas <ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org>
Cc: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When CONFIG_NUMA is enabled, alloc_pages() is a wrapper around
alloc_pages_current(). This is pointless, just implement alloc_pages()
directly.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210225150642.2582252-5-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are only two callers of __alloc_pages() so prune the thicket of
alloc_page variants by combining the two functions together. Current
callers of __alloc_pages() simply add an extra 'NULL' parameter and
current callers of __alloc_pages_nodemask() call __alloc_pages() instead.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210225150642.2582252-4-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "mm,thp,shm: limit shmem THP alloc gfp_mask", v6.
The allocation flags of anonymous transparent huge pages can be controlled
through the files in /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag, which can
help the system from getting bogged down in the page reclaim and
compaction code when many THPs are getting allocated simultaneously.
However, the gfp_mask for shmem THP allocations were not limited by those
configuration settings, and some workloads ended up with all CPUs stuck on
the LRU lock in the page reclaim code, trying to allocate dozens of THPs
simultaneously.
This patch applies the same configurated limitation of THPs to shmem
hugepage allocations, to prevent that from happening.
This way a THP defrag setting of "never" or "defer+madvise" will result in
quick allocation failures without direct reclaim when no 2MB free pages
are available.
With this patch applied, THP allocations for tmpfs will be a little more
aggressive than today for files mmapped with MADV_HUGEPAGE, and a little
less aggressive for files that are not mmapped or mapped without that
flag.
This patch (of 4):
The allocation flags of anonymous transparent huge pages can be controlled
through the files in /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag, which can
help the system from getting bogged down in the page reclaim and
compaction code when many THPs are getting allocated simultaneously.
However, the gfp_mask for shmem THP allocations were not limited by those
configuration settings, and some workloads ended up with all CPUs stuck on
the LRU lock in the page reclaim code, trying to allocate dozens of THPs
simultaneously.
This patch applies the same configurated limitation of THPs to shmem
hugepage allocations, to prevent that from happening.
Controlling the gfp_mask of THP allocations through the knobs in sysfs
allows users to determine the balance between how aggressively the system
tries to allocate THPs at fault time, and how much the application may end
up stalling attempting those allocations.
This way a THP defrag setting of "never" or "defer+madvise" will result in
quick allocation failures without direct reclaim when no 2MB free pages
are available.
With this patch applied, THP allocations for tmpfs will be a little more
aggressive than today for files mmapped with MADV_HUGEPAGE, and a little
less aggressive for files that are not mmapped or mapped without that
flag.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201124194925.623931-1-riel@surriel.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201124194925.623931-2-riel@surriel.com
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Xu Yu <xuyu@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In the current implementation of page_frag_alloc(), it doesn't have
any align guarantee for the returned buffer address. But for some
hardwares they do require the DMA buffer to be aligned correctly,
so we would have to use some workarounds like below if the buffers
allocated by the page_frag_alloc() are used by these hardwares for
DMA.
buf = page_frag_alloc(really_needed_size + align);
buf = PTR_ALIGN(buf, align);
These codes seems ugly and would waste a lot of memories if the buffers
are used in a network driver for the TX/RX. So introduce
page_frag_alloc_align() to make sure that an aligned buffer address is
returned.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hao <haokexin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Code outside mm/ should not be calling free_unref_page(). Also move
free_unref_page_list().
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201125034655.27687-2-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- rework the non-coherent DMA allocator
- move private definitions out of <linux/dma-mapping.h>
- lower CMA_ALIGNMENT (Paul Cercueil)
- remove the omap1 dma address translation in favor of the common
code
- make dma-direct aware of multiple dma offset ranges (Jim Quinlan)
- support per-node DMA CMA areas (Barry Song)
- increase the default seg boundary limit (Nicolin Chen)
- misc fixes (Robin Murphy, Thomas Tai, Xu Wang)
- various cleanups
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Merge tag 'dma-mapping-5.10' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/dma-mapping
Pull dma-mapping updates from Christoph Hellwig:
- rework the non-coherent DMA allocator
- move private definitions out of <linux/dma-mapping.h>
- lower CMA_ALIGNMENT (Paul Cercueil)
- remove the omap1 dma address translation in favor of the common code
- make dma-direct aware of multiple dma offset ranges (Jim Quinlan)
- support per-node DMA CMA areas (Barry Song)
- increase the default seg boundary limit (Nicolin Chen)
- misc fixes (Robin Murphy, Thomas Tai, Xu Wang)
- various cleanups
* tag 'dma-mapping-5.10' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/dma-mapping: (63 commits)
ARM/ixp4xx: add a missing include of dma-map-ops.h
dma-direct: simplify the DMA_ATTR_NO_KERNEL_MAPPING handling
dma-direct: factor out a dma_direct_alloc_from_pool helper
dma-direct check for highmem pages in dma_direct_alloc_pages
dma-mapping: merge <linux/dma-noncoherent.h> into <linux/dma-map-ops.h>
dma-mapping: move large parts of <linux/dma-direct.h> to kernel/dma
dma-mapping: move dma-debug.h to kernel/dma/
dma-mapping: remove <asm/dma-contiguous.h>
dma-mapping: merge <linux/dma-contiguous.h> into <linux/dma-map-ops.h>
dma-contiguous: remove dma_contiguous_set_default
dma-contiguous: remove dev_set_cma_area
dma-contiguous: remove dma_declare_contiguous
dma-mapping: split <linux/dma-mapping.h>
cma: decrease CMA_ALIGNMENT lower limit to 2
firewire-ohci: use dma_alloc_pages
dma-iommu: implement ->alloc_noncoherent
dma-mapping: add new {alloc,free}_noncoherent dma_map_ops methods
dma-mapping: add a new dma_alloc_pages API
dma-mapping: remove dma_cache_sync
53c700: convert to dma_alloc_noncoherent
...
No one use this macro anymore.
Also fix code style of policy_node().
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200921021401.84508-1-richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is a general understanding that GFP_ATOMIC/GFP_NOWAIT are to be used
from atomic contexts. E.g. from within a spin lock or from the IRQ
context. This is correct but there are some atomic contexts where the
above doesn't hold. One of them would be an NMI context. Page allocator
has never supported that and the general fear of this context didn't let
anybody to actually even try to use the allocator there. Good, but let's
be more specific about that.
Another such a context, and that is where people seem to be more daring,
is raw_spin_lock. Mostly because it simply resembles regular spin lock
which is supported by the allocator and there is not any implementation
difference with !RT kernels in the first place. Be explicit that such a
context is not supported by the allocator. The underlying reason is that
zone->lock would have to become raw_spin_lock as well and that has turned
out to be a problem for RT
(http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87mu305c1w.fsf@nanos.tec.linutronix.de).
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Uladzislau Rezki <urezki@gmail.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200929123010.5137-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To prevent a compiler error when a method call alloc_pages is
added (which I plan to for the dma_map_ops).
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Pageblock migrate type is encoded in GFP flags, just as zone_type and
zonelist.
Currently we use gfp_zone() and gfp_zonelist() to extract related
information, it would be proper to use the same naming convention for
migrate type.
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200329080823.7735-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It seems that the existing documentation is not explicit about the
expected usage and potential risks enough. While it is calls out that
users have to free memory when using this flag it is not really apparent
that users have to careful to not deplete memory reserves and that they
should implement some sort of throttling wrt. freeing process.
This is partly based on Neil's explanation [1].
Let's also call out that a pre allocated pool allocator should be
considered.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/877dz0yxoa.fsf@notabene.neil.brown.name
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding style fixes]
[mhocko@kernel.org: update]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200406070137.GC19426@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200403083543.11552-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
While it might be really clear to MM developers that gfp reclaim modifiers
are applicable only to sleepable allocations (those with
__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM) it seems that actual users of the API are not always
sure. Make it explicit that they are not applicable for GFP_NOWAIT or
GFP_ATOMIC allocations which are the most commonly used non-sleepable
allocation masks.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200403083543.11552-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With the introduction of protected KVM guests on s390 there is now a
concept of inaccessible pages. These pages need to be made accessible
before the host can access them.
While cpu accesses will trigger a fault that can be resolved, I/O accesses
will just fail. We need to add a callback into architecture code for
places that will do I/O, namely when writeback is started or when a page
reference is taken.
This is not only to enable paging, file backing etc, it is also necessary
to protect the host against a malicious user space. For example a bad
QEMU could simply start direct I/O on such protected memory. We do not
want userspace to be able to trigger I/O errors and thus the logic is
"whenever somebody accesses that page (gup) or does I/O, make sure that
this page can be accessed". When the guest tries to access that page we
will wait in the page fault handler for writeback to have finished and for
the page_ref to be the expected value.
On s390x the function is not supposed to fail, so it is ok to use a
WARN_ON on failure. If we ever need some more finegrained handling we can
tackle this when we know the details.
Signed-off-by: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200306132537.783769-3-imbrenda@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
HugeTLB helper alloc_gigantic_page() implements fairly generic
allocation method where it scans over various zones looking for a large
contiguous pfn range before trying to allocate it with
alloc_contig_range().
Other than deriving the requested order from 'struct hstate', there is
nothing HugeTLB specific in there. This can be made available for
general use to allocate contiguous memory which could not have been
allocated through the buddy allocator.
alloc_gigantic_page() has been split carving out actual allocation
method which is then made available via new alloc_contig_pages() helper
wrapped under CONFIG_CONTIG_ALLOC. All references to 'gigantic' have
been replaced with more generic term 'contig'. Allocated pages here
should be freed with free_contig_range() or by calling __free_page() on
each allocated page.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1571300646-32240-1-git-send-email-anshuman.khandual@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pavel.tatashin@microsoft.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
sk_page_frag() optimizes skb_frag allocations by using per-task
skb_frag cache when it knows it's the only user. The condition is
determined by seeing whether the socket allocation mask allows
blocking - if the allocation may block, it obviously owns the task's
context and ergo exclusively owns current->task_frag.
Unfortunately, this misses recursion through memory reclaim path.
Please take a look at the following backtrace.
[2] RIP: 0010:tcp_sendmsg_locked+0xccf/0xe10
...
tcp_sendmsg+0x27/0x40
sock_sendmsg+0x30/0x40
sock_xmit.isra.24+0xa1/0x170 [nbd]
nbd_send_cmd+0x1d2/0x690 [nbd]
nbd_queue_rq+0x1b5/0x3b0 [nbd]
__blk_mq_try_issue_directly+0x108/0x1b0
blk_mq_request_issue_directly+0xbd/0xe0
blk_mq_try_issue_list_directly+0x41/0xb0
blk_mq_sched_insert_requests+0xa2/0xe0
blk_mq_flush_plug_list+0x205/0x2a0
blk_flush_plug_list+0xc3/0xf0
[1] blk_finish_plug+0x21/0x2e
_xfs_buf_ioapply+0x313/0x460
__xfs_buf_submit+0x67/0x220
xfs_buf_read_map+0x113/0x1a0
xfs_trans_read_buf_map+0xbf/0x330
xfs_btree_read_buf_block.constprop.42+0x95/0xd0
xfs_btree_lookup_get_block+0x95/0x170
xfs_btree_lookup+0xcc/0x470
xfs_bmap_del_extent_real+0x254/0x9a0
__xfs_bunmapi+0x45c/0xab0
xfs_bunmapi+0x15/0x30
xfs_itruncate_extents_flags+0xca/0x250
xfs_free_eofblocks+0x181/0x1e0
xfs_fs_destroy_inode+0xa8/0x1b0
destroy_inode+0x38/0x70
dispose_list+0x35/0x50
prune_icache_sb+0x52/0x70
super_cache_scan+0x120/0x1a0
do_shrink_slab+0x120/0x290
shrink_slab+0x216/0x2b0
shrink_node+0x1b6/0x4a0
do_try_to_free_pages+0xc6/0x370
try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages+0xe3/0x1e0
try_charge+0x29e/0x790
mem_cgroup_charge_skmem+0x6a/0x100
__sk_mem_raise_allocated+0x18e/0x390
__sk_mem_schedule+0x2a/0x40
[0] tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x8eb/0xe10
tcp_sendmsg+0x27/0x40
sock_sendmsg+0x30/0x40
___sys_sendmsg+0x26d/0x2b0
__sys_sendmsg+0x57/0xa0
do_syscall_64+0x42/0x100
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
In [0], tcp_send_msg_locked() was using current->page_frag when it
called sk_wmem_schedule(). It already calculated how many bytes can
be fit into current->page_frag. Due to memory pressure,
sk_wmem_schedule() called into memory reclaim path which called into
xfs and then IO issue path. Because the filesystem in question is
backed by nbd, the control goes back into the tcp layer - back into
tcp_sendmsg_locked().
nbd sets sk_allocation to (GFP_NOIO | __GFP_MEMALLOC) which makes
sense - it's in the process of freeing memory and wants to be able to,
e.g., drop clean pages to make forward progress. However, this
confused sk_page_frag() called from [2]. Because it only tests
whether the allocation allows blocking which it does, it now thinks
current->page_frag can be used again although it already was being
used in [0].
After [2] used current->page_frag, the offset would be increased by
the used amount. When the control returns to [0],
current->page_frag's offset is increased and the previously calculated
number of bytes now may overrun the end of allocated memory leading to
silent memory corruptions.
Fix it by adding gfpflags_normal_context() which tests sleepable &&
!reclaim and use it to determine whether to use current->task_frag.
v2: Eric didn't like gfp flags being tested twice. Introduce a new
helper gfpflags_normal_context() and combine the two tests.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This reverts commit 92717d429b.
Since commit a8282608c8 ("Revert "mm, thp: restore node-local hugepage
allocations"") is reverted in this series, it is better to restore the
previous 5.2 behavior between the thp allocation and the page allocator
rather than to attempt any consolidation or cleanup for a policy that is
now reverted. It's less risky during an rc cycle and subsequent patches
in this series further modify the same policy that the pre-5.3 behavior
implements.
Consolidation and cleanup can be done subsequent to a sane default page
allocation strategy, so this patch reverts a cleanup done on a strategy
that is now reverted and thus is the least risky option.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Stefan Priebe - Profihost AG <s.priebe@profihost.ag>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "reapply: relax __GFP_THISNODE for MADV_HUGEPAGE mappings".
The fixes for what was originally reported as "pathological THP
behavior" we rightfully reverted to be sure not to introduced
regressions at end of a merge window after a severe regression report
from the kernel bot. We can safely re-apply them now that we had time
to analyze the problem.
The mm process worked fine, because the good fixes were eventually
committed upstream without excessive delay.
The regression reported by the kernel bot however forced us to revert
the good fixes to be sure not to introduce regressions and to give us
the time to analyze the issue further. The silver lining is that this
extra time allowed to think more at this issue and also plan for a
future direction to improve things further in terms of THP NUMA
locality.
This patch (of 2):
This reverts commit 356ff8a9a7 ("Revert "mm, thp: consolidate THP
gfp handling into alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask"). So it reapplies
89c83fb539 ("mm, thp: consolidate THP gfp handling into
alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask").
Consolidation of the THP allocation flags at the same place was meant to
be a clean up to easier handle otherwise scattered code which is
imposing a maintenance burden. There were no real problems observed
with the gfp mask consolidation but the reversion was rushed through
without a larger consensus regardless.
This patch brings the consolidation back because this should make the
long term maintainability easier as well as it should allow future
changes to be less error prone.
[mhocko@kernel.org: changelog additions]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190503223146.2312-2-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu>
Cc: Stefan Priebe - Profihost AG <s.priebe@profihost.ag>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On systems without CONTIG_ALLOC activated but that support gigantic pages,
boottime reserved gigantic pages can not be freed at all. This patch
simply enables the possibility to hand back those pages to memory
allocator.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190327063626.18421-5-alex@ghiti.fr
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> [sparc]
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirsky <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This condition allows to define alloc_contig_range, so simplify it into a
more accurate naming.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190327063626.18421-4-alex@ghiti.fr
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr>
Suggested-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andy Lutomirsky <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
GFP_KERNEL is one of the most used constant but on archs like arm with
fixed length instruction some constants are more equal than the others.
Constants with tightly packed bits can be injected directly into
instruction stream:
0: e3a00d33 mov r0, #3264 ; 0xcc0
Others require multiple instructions or even loading out of instruction
stream:
0: e3a000c0 mov r0, #192 ; 0xc0
4: e3400060 movt r0, #96 ; 0x60
Shuffle GFP_* flags so that GFP_KERNEL/GFP_ATOMIC + __GFP_ZERO bits are
close to each other.
Savings on arm configs are ~0.1%.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190109201838.GA9140@avx2
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit 89c83fb539.
This should have been done as part of 2f0799a0ff ("mm, thp: restore
node-local hugepage allocations"). The movement of the thp allocation
policy from alloc_pages_vma() to alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask() was
intended to only set __GFP_THISNODE for mempolicies that are not
MPOL_BIND whereas the revert could set this regardless of mempolicy.
While the check for MPOL_BIND between alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask()
and alloc_pages_vma() was racy, that has since been removed since the
revert. What is left is the possibility to use __GFP_THISNODE in
policy_node() when it is unexpected because the special handling for
hugepages in alloc_pages_vma() was removed as part of the consolidation.
Secondly, prior to 89c83fb539, alloc_pages_vma() implemented a somewhat
different policy for hugepage allocations, which were allocated through
alloc_hugepage_vma(). For hugepage allocations, if the allocating
process's node is in the set of allowed nodes, allocate with
__GFP_THISNODE for that node (for MPOL_PREFERRED, use that node with
__GFP_THISNODE instead). This was changed for shmem_alloc_hugepage() to
allow fallback to other nodes in 89c83fb539 as it did for new_page() in
mm/mempolicy.c which is functionally different behavior and removes the
requirement to only allocate hugepages locally.
So this commit does a full revert of 89c83fb539 instead of the partial
revert that was done in 2f0799a0ff. The result is the same thp
allocation policy for 4.20 that was in 4.19.
Fixes: 89c83fb539 ("mm, thp: consolidate THP gfp handling into alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask")
Fixes: 2f0799a0ff ("mm, thp: restore node-local hugepage allocations")
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
THP allocation mode is quite complex and it depends on the defrag mode.
This complexity is hidden in alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask from a large
part currently. The NUMA special casing (namely __GFP_THISNODE) is
however independent and placed in alloc_pages_vma currently. This both
adds an unnecessary branch to all vma based page allocation requests and
it makes the code more complex unnecessarily as well. Not to mention
that e.g. shmem THP used to do the node reclaiming unconditionally
regardless of the defrag mode until recently. This was not only
unexpected behavior but it was also hardly a good default behavior and I
strongly suspect it was just a side effect of the code sharing more than
a deliberate decision which suggests that such a layering is wrong.
Get rid of the thp special casing from alloc_pages_vma and move the
logic to alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask. __GFP_THISNODE is applied to the
resulting gfp mask only when the direct reclaim is not requested and
when there is no explicit numa binding to preserve the current logic.
Please note that there's also a slight difference wrt MPOL_BIND now. The
previous code would avoid using __GFP_THISNODE if the local node was
outside of policy_nodemask(). After this patch __GFP_THISNODE is avoided
for all MPOL_BIND policies. So there's a difference that if local node
is actually allowed by the bind policy's nodemask, previously
__GFP_THISNODE would be added, but now it won't be. From the behavior
POV this is still correct because the policy nodemask is used.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180925120326.24392-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Stefan Priebe - Profihost AG <s.priebe@profihost.ag>
Cc: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch adds DOC: headings for GFP flag descriptions and adjusts the
formatting to fit sphinx expectations of paragraphs.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1532626360-16650-7-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When bit is equal to 0x4, it means OPT_ZONE_DMA32 should be got from
GFP_ZONE_TABLE. OPT_ZONE_DMA32 shall be equal to ZONE_DMA32 or
ZONE_NORMAL according to the status of CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32.
Similarly, when bit is equal to 0xc, that means OPT_ZONE_DMA32 should be
got with an allocation policy GFP_MOVABLE. So ZONE_DMA32 or ZONE_NORMAL
is the possible result value.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180601163403.1032-1-yehs2007@zoho.com
Signed-off-by: Huaisheng Ye <yehs1@lenovo.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Levin, Alexander (Sasha Levin)" <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
___GFP_COLD and ___GFP_OTHER_NODE were removed but their bits were
stranded. Fill the gaps by moving the existing gfp masks around.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180516211439.177440-1-shakeelb@google.com
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Suggested-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Oscar has noticed that we splat
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 64 at ./include/linux/gfp.h:467 vmemmap_alloc_block+0x4e/0xc9
[...]
CPU: 0 PID: 64 Comm: kworker/u4:1 Tainted: G W E 4.17.0-rc5-next-20180517-1-default+ #66
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.0.0-prebuilt.qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
Workqueue: kacpi_hotplug acpi_hotplug_work_fn
Call Trace:
vmemmap_populate+0xf2/0x2ae
sparse_mem_map_populate+0x28/0x35
sparse_add_one_section+0x4c/0x187
__add_pages+0xe7/0x1a0
add_pages+0x16/0x70
add_memory_resource+0xa3/0x1d0
add_memory+0xe4/0x110
acpi_memory_device_add+0x134/0x2e0
acpi_bus_attach+0xd9/0x190
acpi_bus_scan+0x37/0x70
acpi_device_hotplug+0x389/0x4e0
acpi_hotplug_work_fn+0x1a/0x30
process_one_work+0x146/0x340
worker_thread+0x47/0x3e0
kthread+0xf5/0x130
ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
when adding memory to a node that is currently offline.
The VM_WARN_ON is just too loud without a good reason. In this
particular case we are doing
alloc_pages_node(node, GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL|__GFP_NOWARN, order)
so we do not insist on allocating from the given node (it is more a
hint) so we can fall back to any other populated node and moreover we
explicitly ask to not warn for the allocation failure.
Soften the warning only to cases when somebody asks for the given node
explicitly by __GFP_THISNODE.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180523125555.30039-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@techadventures.net>
Tested-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@techadventures.net>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As the page free path makes no distinction between cache hot and cold
pages, there is no real useful ordering of pages in the free list that
allocation requests can take advantage of. Juding from the users of
__GFP_COLD, it is likely that a number of them are the result of copying
other sites instead of actually measuring the impact. Remove the
__GFP_COLD parameter which simplifies a number of paths in the page
allocator.
This is potentially controversial but bear in mind that the size of the
per-cpu pagelists versus modern cache sizes means that the whole per-cpu
list can often fit in the L3 cache. Hence, there is only a potential
benefit for microbenchmarks that alloc/free pages in a tight loop. It's
even worse when THP is taken into account which has little or no chance
of getting a cache-hot page as the per-cpu list is bypassed and the
zeroing of multiple pages will thrash the cache anyway.
The truncate microbenchmarks are not shown as this patch affects the
allocation path and not the free path. A page fault microbenchmark was
tested but it showed no sigificant difference which is not surprising
given that the __GFP_COLD branches are a miniscule percentage of the
fault path.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171018075952.10627-9-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Most callers users of free_hot_cold_page claim the pages being released
are cache hot. The exception is the page reclaim paths where it is
likely that enough pages will be freed in the near future that the
per-cpu lists are going to be recycled and the cache hotness information
is lost. As no one really cares about the hotness of pages being
released to the allocator, just ditch the parameter.
The APIs are renamed to indicate that it's no longer about hot/cold
pages. It should also be less confusing as there are subtle differences
between them. __free_pages drops a reference and frees a page when the
refcount reaches zero. free_hot_cold_page handled pages whose refcount
was already zero which is non-obvious from the name. free_unref_page
should be more obvious.
No performance impact is expected as the overhead is marginal. The
parameter is removed simply because it is a bit stupid to have a useless
parameter copied everywhere.
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: add pages to head, not tail]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171019154321.qtpzaeftoyyw4iey@techsingularity.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171018075952.10627-8-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that kmemcheck is gone, we don't need the NOTRACK flags.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171007030159.22241-5-alexander.levin@verizon.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tim Hansen <devtimhansen@gmail.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegardno@ifi.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
GFP_TEMPORARY was introduced by commit e12ba74d8f ("Group short-lived
and reclaimable kernel allocations") along with __GFP_RECLAIMABLE. It's
primary motivation was to allow users to tell that an allocation is
short lived and so the allocator can try to place such allocations close
together and prevent long term fragmentation. As much as this sounds
like a reasonable semantic it becomes much less clear when to use the
highlevel GFP_TEMPORARY allocation flag. How long is temporary? Can the
context holding that memory sleep? Can it take locks? It seems there is
no good answer for those questions.
The current implementation of GFP_TEMPORARY is basically GFP_KERNEL |
__GFP_RECLAIMABLE which in itself is tricky because basically none of
the existing caller provide a way to reclaim the allocated memory. So
this is rather misleading and hard to evaluate for any benefits.
I have checked some random users and none of them has added the flag
with a specific justification. I suspect most of them just copied from
other existing users and others just thought it might be a good idea to
use without any measuring. This suggests that GFP_TEMPORARY just
motivates for cargo cult usage without any reasoning.
I believe that our gfp flags are quite complex already and especially
those with highlevel semantic should be clearly defined to prevent from
confusion and abuse. Therefore I propose dropping GFP_TEMPORARY and
replace all existing users to simply use GFP_KERNEL. Please note that
SLAB users with shrinkers will still get __GFP_RECLAIMABLE heuristic and
so they will be placed properly for memory fragmentation prevention.
I can see reasons we might want some gfp flag to reflect shorterm
allocations but I propose starting from a clear semantic definition and
only then add users with proper justification.
This was been brought up before LSF this year by Matthew [1] and it
turned out that GFP_TEMPORARY really doesn't have a clear semantic. It
seems to be a heuristic without any measured advantage for most (if not
all) its current users. The follow up discussion has revealed that
opinions on what might be temporary allocation differ a lot between
developers. So rather than trying to tweak existing users into a
semantic which they haven't expected I propose to simply remove the flag
and start from scratch if we really need a semantic for short term
allocations.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170118054945.GD18349@bombadil.infradead.org
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: drm/i915: fix up]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170816144703.378d4f4d@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170728091904.14627-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
