Commit Graph

232 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Thomas Gleixner af54d6a1c3 futex: Simplify futex_lock_pi_atomic() and make it more robust
futex_lock_pi_atomic() is a maze of retry hoops and loops.

Reduce it to simple and understandable states:

First step is to lookup existing waiters (state) in the kernel.

If there is an existing waiter, validate it and attach to it.

If there is no existing waiter, check the user space value

If the TID encoded in the user space value is 0, take over the futex
preserving the owner died bit.

If the TID encoded in the user space value is != 0, lookup the owner
task, validate it and attach to it.

Reduces text size by 128 bytes on x8664.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees@outflux.net>
Cc: wad@chromium.org
Cc: Darren Hart <darren@dvhart.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1406131137020.5170@nanos
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2014-06-21 22:26:24 +02:00
Thomas Gleixner 04e1b2e52b futex: Split out the first waiter attachment from lookup_pi_state()
We want to be a bit more clever in futex_lock_pi_atomic() and separate
the possible states. Split out the code which attaches the first
waiter to the owner into a separate function. No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <darren@dvhart.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees@outflux.net>
Cc: wad@chromium.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140611204237.271300614@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2014-06-21 22:26:23 +02:00
Thomas Gleixner e60cbc5cea futex: Split out the waiter check from lookup_pi_state()
We want to be a bit more clever in futex_lock_pi_atomic() and separate
the possible states. Split out the waiter verification into a separate
function. No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <darren@dvhart.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees@outflux.net>
Cc: wad@chromium.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140611204237.180458410@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2014-06-21 22:26:23 +02:00
Thomas Gleixner bd1dbcc67c futex: Use futex_top_waiter() in lookup_pi_state()
No point in open coding the same function again.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <darren@dvhart.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees@outflux.net>
Cc: wad@chromium.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140611204237.092947239@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2014-06-21 22:26:23 +02:00
Thomas Gleixner ccf9e6a80d futex: Make unlock_pi more robust
The kernel tries to atomically unlock the futex without checking
whether there is kernel state associated to the futex.

So if user space manipulated the user space value, this will leave
kernel internal state around associated to the owner task. 

For robustness sake, lookup first whether there are waiters on the
futex. If there are waiters, wake the top priority waiter with all the
proper sanity checks applied.

If there are no waiters, do the atomic release. We do not have to
preserve the waiters bit in this case, because a potentially incoming
waiter is blocked on the hb->lock and will acquire the futex
atomically. We neither have to preserve the owner died bit. The caller
is the owner and it was supposed to cleanup the mess.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <darren@dvhart.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees@outflux.net>
Cc: wad@chromium.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140611204237.016987332@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2014-06-21 22:26:23 +02:00
Thomas Gleixner c051b21f71 rtmutex: Confine deadlock logic to futex
The deadlock logic is only required for futexes.

Remove the extra arguments for the public functions and also for the
futex specific ones which get always called with deadlock detection
enabled.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2014-06-21 22:05:30 +02:00
Linus Torvalds 3f17ea6dea Merge branch 'next' (accumulated 3.16 merge window patches) into master
Now that 3.15 is released, this merges the 'next' branch into 'master',
bringing us to the normal situation where my 'master' branch is the
merge window.

* accumulated work in next: (6809 commits)
  ufs: sb mutex merge + mutex_destroy
  powerpc: update comments for generic idle conversion
  cris: update comments for generic idle conversion
  idle: remove cpu_idle() forward declarations
  nbd: zero from and len fields in NBD_CMD_DISCONNECT.
  mm: convert some level-less printks to pr_*
  MAINTAINERS: adi-buildroot-devel is moderated
  MAINTAINERS: add linux-api for review of API/ABI changes
  mm/kmemleak-test.c: use pr_fmt for logging
  fs/dlm/debug_fs.c: replace seq_printf by seq_puts
  fs/dlm/lockspace.c: convert simple_str to kstr
  fs/dlm/config.c: convert simple_str to kstr
  mm: mark remap_file_pages() syscall as deprecated
  mm: memcontrol: remove unnecessary memcg argument from soft limit functions
  mm: memcontrol: clean up memcg zoneinfo lookup
  mm/memblock.c: call kmemleak directly from memblock_(alloc|free)
  mm/mempool.c: update the kmemleak stack trace for mempool allocations
  lib/radix-tree.c: update the kmemleak stack trace for radix tree allocations
  mm: introduce kmemleak_update_trace()
  mm/kmemleak.c: use %u to print ->checksum
  ...
2014-06-08 11:31:16 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner 54a217887a futex: Make lookup_pi_state more robust
The current implementation of lookup_pi_state has ambigous handling of
the TID value 0 in the user space futex.  We can get into the kernel
even if the TID value is 0, because either there is a stale waiters bit
or the owner died bit is set or we are called from the requeue_pi path
or from user space just for fun.

The current code avoids an explicit sanity check for pid = 0 in case
that kernel internal state (waiters) are found for the user space
address.  This can lead to state leakage and worse under some
circumstances.

Handle the cases explicit:

       Waiter | pi_state | pi->owner | uTID      | uODIED | ?

  [1]  NULL   | ---      | ---       | 0         | 0/1    | Valid
  [2]  NULL   | ---      | ---       | >0        | 0/1    | Valid

  [3]  Found  | NULL     | --        | Any       | 0/1    | Invalid

  [4]  Found  | Found    | NULL      | 0         | 1      | Valid
  [5]  Found  | Found    | NULL      | >0        | 1      | Invalid

  [6]  Found  | Found    | task      | 0         | 1      | Valid

  [7]  Found  | Found    | NULL      | Any       | 0      | Invalid

  [8]  Found  | Found    | task      | ==taskTID | 0/1    | Valid
  [9]  Found  | Found    | task      | 0         | 0      | Invalid
  [10] Found  | Found    | task      | !=taskTID | 0/1    | Invalid

 [1] Indicates that the kernel can acquire the futex atomically. We
     came came here due to a stale FUTEX_WAITERS/FUTEX_OWNER_DIED bit.

 [2] Valid, if TID does not belong to a kernel thread. If no matching
     thread is found then it indicates that the owner TID has died.

 [3] Invalid. The waiter is queued on a non PI futex

 [4] Valid state after exit_robust_list(), which sets the user space
     value to FUTEX_WAITERS | FUTEX_OWNER_DIED.

 [5] The user space value got manipulated between exit_robust_list()
     and exit_pi_state_list()

 [6] Valid state after exit_pi_state_list() which sets the new owner in
     the pi_state but cannot access the user space value.

 [7] pi_state->owner can only be NULL when the OWNER_DIED bit is set.

 [8] Owner and user space value match

 [9] There is no transient state which sets the user space TID to 0
     except exit_robust_list(), but this is indicated by the
     FUTEX_OWNER_DIED bit. See [4]

[10] There is no transient state which leaves owner and user space
     TID out of sync.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Drewry <wad@chromium.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-05 12:31:07 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner 13fbca4c6e futex: Always cleanup owner tid in unlock_pi
If the owner died bit is set at futex_unlock_pi, we currently do not
cleanup the user space futex.  So the owner TID of the current owner
(the unlocker) persists.  That's observable inconsistant state,
especially when the ownership of the pi state got transferred.

Clean it up unconditionally.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Drewry <wad@chromium.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-05 12:31:07 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner b3eaa9fc5c futex: Validate atomic acquisition in futex_lock_pi_atomic()
We need to protect the atomic acquisition in the kernel against rogue
user space which sets the user space futex to 0, so the kernel side
acquisition succeeds while there is existing state in the kernel
associated to the real owner.

Verify whether the futex has waiters associated with kernel state.  If
it has, return -EINVAL.  The state is corrupted already, so no point in
cleaning it up.  Subsequent calls will fail as well.  Not our problem.

[ tglx: Use futex_top_waiter() and explain why we do not need to try
  	restoring the already corrupted user space state. ]

Signed-off-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Drewry <wad@chromium.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-05 12:31:07 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner e9c243a5a6 futex-prevent-requeue-pi-on-same-futex.patch futex: Forbid uaddr == uaddr2 in futex_requeue(..., requeue_pi=1)
If uaddr == uaddr2, then we have broken the rule of only requeueing from
a non-pi futex to a pi futex with this call.  If we attempt this, then
dangling pointers may be left for rt_waiter resulting in an exploitable
condition.

This change brings futex_requeue() in line with futex_wait_requeue_pi()
which performs the same check as per commit 6f7b0a2a5c ("futex: Forbid
uaddr == uaddr2 in futex_wait_requeue_pi()")

[ tglx: Compare the resulting keys as well, as uaddrs might be
  	different depending on the mapping ]

Fixes CVE-2014-3153.

Reported-by: Pinkie Pie
Signed-off-by: Will Drewry <wad@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-06-05 12:31:07 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 776edb5931 Merge branch 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip into next
Pull core locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The main changes in this cycle were:

   - reduced/streamlined smp_mb__*() interface that allows more usecases
     and makes the existing ones less buggy, especially in rarer
     architectures

   - add rwsem implementation comments

   - bump up lockdep limits"

* 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (33 commits)
  rwsem: Add comments to explain the meaning of the rwsem's count field
  lockdep: Increase static allocations
  arch: Mass conversion of smp_mb__*()
  arch,doc: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,xtensa: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,x86: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,tile: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,sparc: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,sh: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,score: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,s390: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,powerpc: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,parisc: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,openrisc: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,mn10300: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,mips: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,metag: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,m68k: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,m32r: Convert smp_mb__*()
  arch,ia64: Convert smp_mb__*()
  ...
2014-06-03 12:57:53 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner f0d71b3dcb futex: Prevent attaching to kernel threads
We happily allow userspace to declare a random kernel thread to be the
owner of a user space PI futex.

Found while analysing the fallout of Dave Jones syscall fuzzer.

We also should validate the thread group for private futexes and find
some fast way to validate whether the "alleged" owner has RW access on
the file which backs the SHM, but that's a separate issue.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <darren@dvhart.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Carlos ODonell <carlos@redhat.com>
Cc: Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140512201701.194824402@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
2014-05-19 21:18:49 +09:00
Thomas Gleixner 866293ee54 futex: Add another early deadlock detection check
Dave Jones trinity syscall fuzzer exposed an issue in the deadlock
detection code of rtmutex:
  http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140429151655.GA14277@redhat.com

That underlying issue has been fixed with a patch to the rtmutex code,
but the futex code must not call into rtmutex in that case because
    - it can detect that issue early
    - it avoids a different and more complex fixup for backing out

If the user space variable got manipulated to 0x80000000 which means
no lock holder, but the waiters bit set and an active pi_state in the
kernel is found we can figure out the recursive locking issue by
looking at the pi_state owner. If that is the current task, then we
can safely return -EDEADLK.

The check should have been added in commit 59fa62451 (futex: Handle
futex_pi OWNER_DIED take over correctly) already, but I did not see
the above issue caused by user space manipulation back then.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <darren@dvhart.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Carlos ODonell <carlos@redhat.com>
Cc: Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140512201701.097349971@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
2014-05-19 21:18:49 +09:00
Peter Zijlstra 4e857c58ef arch: Mass conversion of smp_mb__*()
Mostly scripted conversion of the smp_mb__* barriers.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-55dhyhocezdw1dg7u19hmh1u@git.kernel.org
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2014-04-18 14:20:48 +02:00
Davidlohr Bueso d7e8af1afe futex: update documentation for ordering guarantees
Commits 11d4616bd0 ("futex: revert back to the explicit waiter
counting code") and 69cd9eba38 ("futex: avoid race between requeue and
wake") changed some of the finer details of how we think about futexes.
One was a late fix and the other a consequence of overlooking the whole
requeuing logic.

The first change caused our documentation to be incorrect, and the
second made us aware that we need to explicitly add more details to it.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-12 17:57:51 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 69cd9eba38 futex: avoid race between requeue and wake
Jan Stancek reported:
 "pthread_cond_broadcast/4-1.c testcase from openposix testsuite (LTP)
  occasionally fails, because some threads fail to wake up.

  Testcase creates 5 threads, which are all waiting on same condition.
  Main thread then calls pthread_cond_broadcast() without holding mutex,
  which calls:

      futex(uaddr1, FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE_PRIVATE, 1, 2147483647, uaddr2, ..)

  This immediately wakes up single thread A, which unlocks mutex and
  tries to wake up another thread:

      futex(uaddr2, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1)

  If thread A manages to call futex_wake() before any waiters are
  requeued for uaddr2, no other thread is woken up"

The ordering constraints for the hash bucket waiter counting are that
the waiter counts have to be incremented _before_ getting the spinlock
(because the spinlock acts as part of the memory barrier), but the
"requeue" operation didn't honor those rules, and nobody had even
thought about that case.

This fairly simple patch just increments the waiter count for the target
hash bucket (hb2) when requeing a futex before taking the locks.  It
then decrements them again after releasing the lock - the code that
actually moves the futex(es) between hash buckets will do the additional
required waiter count housekeeping.

Reported-and-tested-by: Jan Stancek <jstancek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.14
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-04-09 08:02:12 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 462bf234a8 Merge branch 'core-locking-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull core locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The biggest change is the MCS spinlock generalization changes from Tim
  Chen, Peter Zijlstra, Jason Low et al.  There's also lockdep
  fixes/enhancements from Oleg Nesterov, in particular a false negative
  fix related to lockdep_set_novalidate_class() usage"

* 'core-locking-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (22 commits)
  locking/mutex: Fix debug checks
  locking/mutexes: Add extra reschedule point
  locking/mutexes: Introduce cancelable MCS lock for adaptive spinning
  locking/mutexes: Unlock the mutex without the wait_lock
  locking/mutexes: Modify the way optimistic spinners are queued
  locking/mutexes: Return false if task need_resched() in mutex_can_spin_on_owner()
  locking: Move mcs_spinlock.h into kernel/locking/
  m68k: Skip futex_atomic_cmpxchg_inatomic() test
  futex: Allow architectures to skip futex_atomic_cmpxchg_inatomic() test
  Revert "sched/wait: Suppress Sparse 'variable shadowing' warning"
  lockdep: Change lockdep_set_novalidate_class() to use _and_name
  lockdep: Change mark_held_locks() to check hlock->check instead of lockdep_no_validate
  lockdep: Don't create the wrong dependency on hlock->check == 0
  lockdep: Make held_lock->check and "int check" argument bool
  locking/mcs: Allow architecture specific asm files to be used for contended case
  locking/mcs: Order the header files in Kbuild of each architecture in alphabetical order
  sched/wait: Suppress Sparse 'variable shadowing' warning
  hung_task/Documentation: Fix hung_task_warnings description
  locking/mcs: Allow architectures to hook in to contended paths
  locking/mcs: Micro-optimize the MCS code, add extra comments
  ...
2014-03-31 10:59:39 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 11d4616bd0 futex: revert back to the explicit waiter counting code
Srikar Dronamraju reports that commit b0c29f79ec ("futexes: Avoid
taking the hb->lock if there's nothing to wake up") causes java threads
getting stuck on futexes when runing specjbb on a power7 numa box.

The cause appears to be that the powerpc spinlocks aren't using the same
ticket lock model that we use on x86 (and other) architectures, which in
turn result in the "spin_is_locked()" test in hb_waiters_pending()
occasionally reporting an unlocked spinlock even when there are pending
waiters.

So this reinstates Davidlohr Bueso's original explicit waiter counting
code, which I had convinced Davidlohr to drop in favor of figuring out
the pending waiters by just using the existing state of the spinlock and
the wait queue.

Reported-and-tested-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Original-code-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-03-20 22:11:17 -07:00
Heiko Carstens 03b8c7b623 futex: Allow architectures to skip futex_atomic_cmpxchg_inatomic() test
If an architecture has futex_atomic_cmpxchg_inatomic() implemented and there
is no runtime check necessary, allow to skip the test within futex_init().

This allows to get rid of some code which would always give the same result,
and also allows the compiler to optimize a couple of if statements away.

Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Finn Thain <fthain@telegraphics.com.au>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140302120947.GA3641@osiris
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2014-03-03 11:32:08 +01:00
Linus Torvalds a0fa1dd3cd Merge branch 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull scheduler changes from Ingo Molnar:

 - Add the initial implementation of SCHED_DEADLINE support: a real-time
   scheduling policy where tasks that meet their deadlines and
   periodically execute their instances in less than their runtime quota
   see real-time scheduling and won't miss any of their deadlines.
   Tasks that go over their quota get delayed (Available to privileged
   users for now)

 - Clean up and fix preempt_enable_no_resched() abuse all around the
   tree

 - Do sched_clock() performance optimizations on x86 and elsewhere

 - Fix and improve auto-NUMA balancing

 - Fix and clean up the idle loop

 - Apply various cleanups and fixes

* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (60 commits)
  sched: Fix __sched_setscheduler() nice test
  sched: Move SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK into attr::sched_flags
  sched: Fix up attr::sched_priority warning
  sched: Fix up scheduler syscall LTP fails
  sched: Preserve the nice level over sched_setscheduler() and sched_setparam() calls
  sched/core: Fix htmldocs warnings
  sched/deadline: No need to check p if dl_se is valid
  sched/deadline: Remove unused variables
  sched/deadline: Fix sparse static warnings
  m68k: Fix build warning in mac_via.h
  sched, thermal: Clean up preempt_enable_no_resched() abuse
  sched, net: Fixup busy_loop_us_clock()
  sched, net: Clean up preempt_enable_no_resched() abuse
  sched/preempt: Fix up missed PREEMPT_NEED_RESCHED folding
  sched/preempt, locking: Rework local_bh_{dis,en}able()
  sched/clock, x86: Avoid a runtime condition in native_sched_clock()
  sched/clock: Fix up clear_sched_clock_stable()
  sched/clock, x86: Use a static_key for sched_clock_stable
  sched/clock: Remove local_irq_disable() from the clocks
  sched/clock, x86: Rewrite cyc2ns() to avoid the need to disable IRQs
  ...
2014-01-20 10:42:08 -08:00
Heiko Carstens 63b1a81699 futexes: Fix futex_hashsize initialization
"futexes: Increase hash table size for better performance"
introduces a new alloc_large_system_hash() call.

alloc_large_system_hash() however may allocate less memory than
requested, e.g. limited by MAX_ORDER.

Hence pass a pointer to alloc_large_system_hash() which will
contain the hash shift when the function returns. Afterwards
correctly set futex_hashsize.

Fixes a crash on s390 where the requested allocation size was
4MB but only 1MB was allocated.

Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Cc: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140116135450.GA4345@osiris
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2014-01-16 15:14:32 +01:00
Peter Zijlstra fb00aca474 rtmutex: Turn the plist into an rb-tree
Turn the pi-chains from plist to rb-tree, in the rt_mutex code,
and provide a proper comparison function for -deadline and
-priority tasks.

This is done mainly because:
 - classical prio field of the plist is just an int, which might
   not be enough for representing a deadline;
 - manipulating such a list would become O(nr_deadline_tasks),
   which might be to much, as the number of -deadline task increases.

Therefore, an rb-tree is used, and tasks are queued in it according
to the following logic:
 - among two -priority (i.e., SCHED_BATCH/OTHER/RR/FIFO) tasks, the
   one with the higher (lower, actually!) prio wins;
 - among a -priority and a -deadline task, the latter always wins;
 - among two -deadline tasks, the one with the earliest deadline
   wins.

Queueing and dequeueing functions are changed accordingly, for both
the list of a task's pi-waiters and the list of tasks blocked on
a pi-lock.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Dario Faggioli <raistlin@linux.it>
Signed-off-by: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@gmail.com>
Signed-off-again-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1383831828-15501-10-git-send-email-juri.lelli@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2014-01-13 13:41:50 +01:00
Davidlohr Bueso b0c29f79ec futexes: Avoid taking the hb->lock if there's nothing to wake up
In futex_wake() there is clearly no point in taking the hb->lock
if we know beforehand that there are no tasks to be woken. While
the hash bucket's plist head is a cheap way of knowing this, we
cannot rely 100% on it as there is a racy window between the
futex_wait call and when the task is actually added to the
plist. To this end, we couple it with the spinlock check as
tasks trying to enter the critical region are most likely
potential waiters that will be added to the plist, thus
preventing tasks sleeping forever if wakers don't acknowledge
all possible waiters.

Furthermore, the futex ordering guarantees are preserved,
ensuring that waiters either observe the changed user space
value before blocking or is woken by a concurrent waker. For
wakers, this is done by relying on the barriers in
get_futex_key_refs() -- for archs that do not have implicit mb
in atomic_inc(), we explicitly add them through a new
futex_get_mm function. For waiters we rely on the fact that
spin_lock calls already update the head counter, so spinners
are visible even if the lock hasn't been acquired yet.

For more details please refer to the updated comments in the
code and related discussion:

  https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/11/26/556

Special thanks to tglx for careful review and feedback.

Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: Tom Vaden <tom.vaden@hp.com>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Cc: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1389569486-25487-5-git-send-email-davidlohr@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2014-01-13 11:45:21 +01:00
Thomas Gleixner 99b60ce697 futexes: Document multiprocessor ordering guarantees
That's essential, if you want to hack on futexes.

Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: Tom Vaden <tom.vaden@hp.com>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Cc: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1389569486-25487-4-git-send-email-davidlohr@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2014-01-13 11:45:19 +01:00
Davidlohr Bueso a52b89ebb6 futexes: Increase hash table size for better performance
Currently, the futex global hash table suffers from its fixed,
smallish (for today's standards) size of 256 entries, as well as
its lack of NUMA awareness. Large systems, using many futexes,
can be prone to high amounts of collisions; where these futexes
hash to the same bucket and lead to extra contention on the same
hb->lock. Furthermore, cacheline bouncing is a reality when we
have multiple hb->locks residing on the same cacheline and
different futexes hash to adjacent buckets.

This patch keeps the current static size of 16 entries for small
systems, or otherwise, 256 * ncpus (or larger as we need to
round the number to a power of 2). Note that this number of CPUs
accounts for all CPUs that can ever be available in the system,
taking into consideration things like hotpluging. While we do
impose extra overhead at bootup by making the hash table larger,
this is a one time thing, and does not shadow the benefits of
this patch.

Furthermore, as suggested by tglx, by cache aligning the hash
buckets we can avoid access across cacheline boundaries and also
avoid massive cache line bouncing if multiple cpus are hammering
away at different hash buckets which happen to reside in the
same cache line.

Also, similar to other core kernel components (pid, dcache,
tcp), by using alloc_large_system_hash() we benefit from its
NUMA awareness and thus the table is distributed among the nodes
instead of in a single one.

For a custom microbenchmark that pounds on the uaddr hashing --
making the wait path fail at futex_wait_setup() returning
-EWOULDBLOCK for large amounts of futexes, we can see the
following benefits on a 80-core, 8-socket 1Tb server:

 +---------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
 | threads | baseline (ops/sec) | aligned-only (ops/sec) | large table (ops/sec) | large table+aligned (ops/sec) |
 +---------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
 |     512 |              32426 | 50531  (+55.8%)        | 255274  (+687.2%)     | 292553  (+802.2%)             |
 |     256 |              65360 | 99588  (+52.3%)        | 443563  (+578.6%)     | 508088  (+677.3%)             |
 |     128 |             125635 | 200075 (+59.2%)        | 742613  (+491.1%)     | 835452  (+564.9%)             |
 |      80 |             193559 | 323425 (+67.1%)        | 1028147 (+431.1%)     | 1130304 (+483.9%)             |
 |      64 |             247667 | 443740 (+79.1%)        | 997300  (+302.6%)     | 1145494 (+362.5%)             |
 |      32 |             628412 | 721401 (+14.7%)        | 965996  (+53.7%)      | 1122115 (+78.5%)              |
 +---------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+

Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: Tom Vaden <tom.vaden@hp.com>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1389569486-25487-3-git-send-email-davidlohr@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2014-01-13 11:45:18 +01:00
Jason Low 0d00c7b20c futexes: Clean up various details
- Remove unnecessary head variables.
- Delete unused parameter in queue_unlock().

Reviewed-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: Tom Vaden <tom.vaden@hp.com>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1389569486-25487-2-git-send-email-davidlohr@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2014-01-13 11:45:17 +01:00
Linus Torvalds 5cdec2d833 futex: move user address verification up to common code
When debugging the read-only hugepage case, I was confused by the fact
that get_futex_key() did an access_ok() only for the non-shared futex
case, since the user address checking really isn't in any way specific
to the private key handling.

Now, it turns out that the shared key handling does effectively do the
equivalent checks inside get_user_pages_fast() (it doesn't actually
check the address range on x86, but does check the page protections for
being a user page).  So it wasn't actually a bug, but the fact that we
treat the address differently for private and shared futexes threw me
for a loop.

Just move the check up, so that it gets done for both cases.  Also, use
the 'rw' parameter for the type, even if it doesn't actually matter any
more (it's a historical artifact of the old racy i386 "page faults from
kernel space don't check write protections").

Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-12-12 09:53:51 -08:00
Linus Torvalds f12d5bfceb futex: fix handling of read-only-mapped hugepages
The hugepage code had the exact same bug that regular pages had in
commit 7485d0d375 ("futexes: Remove rw parameter from
get_futex_key()").

The regular page case was fixed by commit 9ea71503a8 ("futex: Fix
regression with read only mappings"), but the transparent hugepage case
(added in a5b338f2b0b1: "thp: update futex compound knowledge") case
remained broken.

Found by Dave Jones and his trinity tool.

Reported-and-tested-by: Dave Jones <davej@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org # v2.6.38+
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-12-12 09:38:42 -08:00
Peter Zijlstra 1696a8bee3 locking: Move the rtmutex code to kernel/locking/
Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-p9ijt8div0hwldexwfm4nlhj@git.kernel.org
[ Fixed build failure in kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-11-06 09:23:59 +01:00
Colin Cross 88c8004fd3 futex: Use freezable blocking call
Avoid waking up every thread sleeping in a futex_wait call during
suspend and resume by calling a freezable blocking call.  Previous
patches modified the freezer to avoid sending wakeups to threads
that are blocked in freezable blocking calls.

This call was selected to be converted to a freezable call because
it doesn't hold any locks or release any resources when interrupted
that might be needed by another freezing task or a kernel driver
during suspend, and is a common site where idle userspace tasks are
blocked.

Signed-off-by: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: arve@android.com
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1367458508-9133-8-git-send-email-ccross@android.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2013-06-25 23:11:19 +02:00
Zhang Yi 13d60f4b6a futex: Take hugepages into account when generating futex_key
The futex_keys of process shared futexes are generated from the page
offset, the mapping host and the mapping index of the futex user space
address. This should result in an unique identifier for each futex.

Though this is not true when futexes are located in different subpages
of an hugepage. The reason is, that the mapping index for all those
futexes evaluates to the index of the base page of the hugetlbfs
mapping. So a futex at offset 0 of the hugepage mapping and another
one at offset PAGE_SIZE of the same hugepage mapping have identical
futex_keys. This happens because the futex code blindly uses
page->index.

Steps to reproduce the bug:

1. Map a file from hugetlbfs. Initialize pthread_mutex1 at offset 0
   and pthread_mutex2 at offset PAGE_SIZE of the hugetlbfs
   mapping.

   The mutexes must be initialized as PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED because
   PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE mutexes are not affected by this issue as
   their keys solely depend on the user space address.

2. Lock mutex1 and mutex2

3. Create thread1 and in the thread function lock mutex1, which
   results in thread1 blocking on the locked mutex1.

4. Create thread2 and in the thread function lock mutex2, which
   results in thread2 blocking on the locked mutex2.

5. Unlock mutex2. Despite the fact that mutex2 got unlocked, thread2
   still blocks on mutex2 because the futex_key points to mutex1.

To solve this issue we need to take the normal page index of the page
which contains the futex into account, if the futex is in an hugetlbfs
mapping. In other words, we calculate the normal page mapping index of
the subpage in the hugetlbfs mapping.

Mappings which are not based on hugetlbfs are not affected and still
use page->index.

Thanks to Mel Gorman who provided a patch for adding proper evaluation
functions to the hugetlbfs code to avoid exposing hugetlbfs specific
details to the futex code.

[ tglx: Massaged changelog ]

Signed-off-by: Zhang Yi <zhang.yi20@zte.com.cn>
Reviewed-by: Jiang Biao <jiang.biao2@zte.com.cn>
Tested-by: Ma Chenggong <ma.chenggong@zte.com.cn>
Reviewed-by: 'Mel Gorman' <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: 'Darren Hart' <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: 'Peter Zijlstra' <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/000101ce71a6%24a83c5880%24f8b50980%24@com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2013-06-25 23:11:19 +02:00
Randy Dunlap 6c23cbbd50 futex: fix kernel-doc notation and spello
Fix kernel-doc warning in futex.c and convert 'Returns' to the new Return:
kernel-doc notation format.

  Warning(kernel/futex.c:2286): Excess function parameter 'clockrt' description in 'futex_wait_requeue_pi'

Fix one spello.

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-03-12 20:42:10 -07:00
Al Viro 6131ffaa1f more file_inode() open-coded instances
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2013-02-27 16:59:05 -05:00
Linus Torvalds 3b5d8510b9 Merge branch 'core-locking-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull core locking changes from Ingo Molnar:
 "The biggest change is the rwsem lock-steal improvements, both to the
  assembly optimized and the spinlock based variants.

  The other notable change is the clean up of the seqlock implementation
  to be based on the seqcount infrastructure.

  The rest is assorted smaller debuggability, cleanup and continued -rt
  locking changes."

* 'core-locking-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  rwsem-spinlock: Implement writer lock-stealing for better scalability
  futex: Revert "futex: Mark get_robust_list as deprecated"
  generic: Use raw local irq variant for generic cmpxchg
  lockdep: Selftest: convert spinlock to raw spinlock
  seqlock: Use seqcount infrastructure
  seqlock: Remove unused functions
  ntp: Make ntp_lock raw
  intel_idle: Convert i7300_idle_lock to raw_spinlock
  locking: Various static lock initializer fixes
  lockdep: Print more info when MAX_LOCK_DEPTH is exceeded
  rwsem: Implement writer lock-stealing for better scalability
  lockdep: Silence warning if CONFIG_LOCKDEP isn't set
  watchdog: Use local_clock for get_timestamp()
  lockdep: Rename print_unlock_inbalance_bug() to print_unlock_imbalance_bug()
  locking/stat: Fix a typo
2013-02-22 19:25:09 -08:00
Thomas Gleixner fe2b05f7ca futex: Revert "futex: Mark get_robust_list as deprecated"
This reverts commit ec0c4274e3.

get_robust_list() is in use and a removal would break existing user
space. With the permission checks in place it's not longer a security
hole. Remove the deprecation warnings.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: paul.gortmaker@windriver.com
Cc: davej@redhat.com
Cc: keescook@chromium.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: ebiederm@xmission.com
2013-02-19 08:43:38 +01:00
Clark Williams 8bd75c77b7 sched/rt: Move rt specific bits into new header file
Move rt scheduler definitions out of include/linux/sched.h into
new file include/linux/sched/rt.h

Signed-off-by: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130207094707.7b9f825f@riff.lan
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-02-07 20:51:08 +01:00
Darren Hart aa10990e02 futex: avoid wake_futex() for a PI futex_q
Dave Jones reported a bug with futex_lock_pi() that his trinity test
exposed.  Sometime between queue_me() and taking the q.lock_ptr, the
lock_ptr became NULL, resulting in a crash.

While futex_wake() is careful to not call wake_futex() on futex_q's with
a pi_state or an rt_waiter (which are either waiting for a
futex_unlock_pi() or a PI futex_requeue()), futex_wake_op() and
futex_requeue() do not perform the same test.

Update futex_wake_op() and futex_requeue() to test for q.pi_state and
q.rt_waiter and abort with -EINVAL if detected.  To ensure any future
breakage is caught, add a WARN() to wake_futex() if the same condition
is true.

This fix has seen 3 hours of testing with "trinity -c futex" on an
x86_64 VM with 4 CPUS.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tidy up the WARN()]
Signed-off-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-11-26 17:41:24 -08:00
Thomas Gleixner 59fa624519 futex: Handle futex_pi OWNER_DIED take over correctly
Siddhesh analyzed a failure in the take over of pi futexes in case the
owner died and provided a workaround.
See: http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=14076

The detailed problem analysis shows:

Futex F is initialized with PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT and
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_NP attributes.

T1 lock_futex_pi(F);

T2 lock_futex_pi(F);
   --> T2 blocks on the futex and creates pi_state which is associated
       to T1.

T1 exits
   --> exit_robust_list() runs
       --> Futex F userspace value TID field is set to 0 and
           FUTEX_OWNER_DIED bit is set.

T3 lock_futex_pi(F);
   --> Succeeds due to the check for F's userspace TID field == 0
   --> Claims ownership of the futex and sets its own TID into the
       userspace TID field of futex F
   --> returns to user space

T1 --> exit_pi_state_list()
       --> Transfers pi_state to waiter T2 and wakes T2 via
       	   rt_mutex_unlock(&pi_state->mutex)

T2 --> acquires pi_state->mutex and gains real ownership of the
       pi_state
   --> Claims ownership of the futex and sets its own TID into the
       userspace TID field of futex F
   --> returns to user space

T3 --> observes inconsistent state

This problem is independent of UP/SMP, preemptible/non preemptible
kernels, or process shared vs. private. The only difference is that
certain configurations are more likely to expose it.

So as Siddhesh correctly analyzed the following check in
futex_lock_pi_atomic() is the culprit:

	if (unlikely(ownerdied || !(curval & FUTEX_TID_MASK))) {

We check the userspace value for a TID value of 0 and take over the
futex unconditionally if that's true.

AFAICT this check is there as it is correct for a different corner
case of futexes: the WAITERS bit became stale.

Now the proposed change

-	if (unlikely(ownerdied || !(curval & FUTEX_TID_MASK))) {
+       if (unlikely(ownerdied ||
+                       !(curval & (FUTEX_TID_MASK | FUTEX_WAITERS)))) {

solves the problem, but it's not obvious why and it wreckages the
"stale WAITERS bit" case.

What happens is, that due to the WAITERS bit being set (T2 is blocked
on that futex) it enforces T3 to go through lookup_pi_state(), which
in the above case returns an existing pi_state and therefor forces T3
to legitimately fight with T2 over the ownership of the pi_state (via
pi_state->mutex). Probelm solved!

Though that does not work for the "WAITERS bit is stale" problem
because if lookup_pi_state() does not find existing pi_state it
returns -ERSCH (due to TID == 0) which causes futex_lock_pi() to
return -ESRCH to user space because the OWNER_DIED bit is not set.

Now there is a different solution to that problem. Do not look at the
user space value at all and enforce a lookup of possibly available
pi_state. If pi_state can be found, then the new incoming locker T3
blocks on that pi_state and legitimately races with T2 to acquire the
rt_mutex and the pi_state and therefor the proper ownership of the
user space futex.

lookup_pi_state() has the correct order of checks. It first tries to
find a pi_state associated with the user space futex and only if that
fails it checks for futex TID value = 0. If no pi_state is available
nothing can create new state at that point because this happens with
the hash bucket lock held.

So the above scenario changes to:

T1 lock_futex_pi(F);

T2 lock_futex_pi(F);
   --> T2 blocks on the futex and creates pi_state which is associated
       to T1.

T1 exits
   --> exit_robust_list() runs
       --> Futex F userspace value TID field is set to 0 and
           FUTEX_OWNER_DIED bit is set.

T3 lock_futex_pi(F);
   --> Finds pi_state and blocks on pi_state->rt_mutex

T1 --> exit_pi_state_list()
       --> Transfers pi_state to waiter T2 and wakes it via
       	   rt_mutex_unlock(&pi_state->mutex)

T2 --> acquires pi_state->mutex and gains ownership of the pi_state
   --> Claims ownership of the futex and sets its own TID into the
       userspace TID field of futex F
   --> returns to user space

This covers all gazillion points on which T3 might come in between
T1's exit_robust_list() clearing the TID field and T2 fixing it up. It
also solves the "WAITERS bit stale" problem by forcing the take over.

Another benefit of changing the code this way is that it makes it less
dependent on untrusted user space values and therefor minimizes the
possible wreckage which might be inflicted.

As usual after staring for too long at the futex code my brain hurts
so much that I really want to ditch that whole optimization of
avoiding the syscall for the non contended case for PI futexes and rip
out the maze of corner case handling code. Unfortunately we can't as
user space relies on that existing behaviour, but at least thinking
about it helps me to preserve my mental sanity. Maybe we should
nevertheless :)

Reported-and-tested-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh.poyarekar@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.02.1210232138540.2756@ionos
Acked-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-11-01 12:06:54 +01:00
Darren Hart 6f7b0a2a5c futex: Forbid uaddr == uaddr2 in futex_wait_requeue_pi()
If uaddr == uaddr2, then we have broken the rule of only requeueing
from a non-pi futex to a pi futex with this call. If we attempt this,
as the trinity test suite manages to do, we miss early wakeups as
q.key is equal to key2 (because they are the same uaddr). We will then
attempt to dereference the pi_mutex (which would exist had the futex_q
been properly requeued to a pi futex) and trigger a NULL pointer
dereference.

Signed-off-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/ad82bfe7f7d130247fbe2b5b4275654807774227.1342809673.git.dvhart@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-07-24 16:02:57 +02:00
Darren Hart f27071cb7f futex: Fix bug in WARN_ON for NULL q.pi_state
The WARN_ON in futex_wait_requeue_pi() for a NULL q.pi_state was testing
the address (&q.pi_state) of the pointer instead of the value
(q.pi_state) of the pointer. Correct it accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1c85d97f6e5f79ec389a4ead3e367363c74bd09a.1342809673.git.dvhart@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-07-24 16:02:57 +02:00
Darren Hart b6070a8d98 futex: Test for pi_mutex on fault in futex_wait_requeue_pi()
If fixup_pi_state_owner() faults, pi_mutex may be NULL. Test
for pi_mutex != NULL before testing the owner against current
and possibly unlocking it.

Signed-off-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/dc59890338fc413606f04e5c5b131530734dae3d.1342809673.git.dvhart@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-07-24 16:02:56 +02:00
Kees Cook ec0c4274e3 futex: Mark get_robust_list as deprecated
Notify get_robust_list users that the syscall is going away.

Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: spender@grsecurity.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120323190855.GA27213@www.outflux.net
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-03-29 11:37:17 +02:00
Kees Cook bdbb776f88 futex: Do not leak robust list to unprivileged process
It was possible to extract the robust list head address from a setuid
process if it had used set_robust_list(), allowing an ASLR info leak. This
changes the permission checks to be the same as those used for similar
info that comes out of /proc.

Running a setuid program that uses robust futexes would have had:
  cred->euid != pcred->euid
  cred->euid == pcred->uid
so the old permissions check would allow it. I'm not aware of any setuid
programs that use robust futexes, so this is just a preventative measure.

(This patch is based on changes from grsecurity.)

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: spender@grsecurity.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120319231253.GA20893@www.outflux.net
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2012-03-29 11:37:17 +02:00
Linus Torvalds 5ed59af850 Merge branch 'core-locking-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull core/locking changes for v3.4 from Ingo Molnar

* 'core-locking-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  futex: Simplify return logic
  futex: Cover all PI opcodes with cmpxchg enabled check
2012-03-19 17:11:15 -07:00
Thomas Gleixner 81b40539e7 futex: Simplify return logic
No need to assign ret in each case and break. Simply return the result
of the handler function directly.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
2012-02-15 12:19:13 +01:00
Thomas Gleixner 59263b513c futex: Cover all PI opcodes with cmpxchg enabled check
Some of the newer futex PI opcodes do not check the cmpxchg enabled
variable and call unconditionally into the handling functions. Cover
all PI opcodes in a separate check.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
2012-02-15 12:19:13 +01:00
Hugh Dickins e6780f7243 futex: Fix uninterruptible loop due to gate_area
It was found (by Sasha) that if you use a futex located in the gate
area we get stuck in an uninterruptible infinite loop, much like the
ZERO_PAGE issue.

While looking at this problem, PeterZ realized you'll get into similar
trouble when hitting any install_special_pages() mapping.  And are there
still drivers setting up their own special mmaps without page->mapping,
and without special VM or pte flags to make get_user_pages fail?

In most cases, if page->mapping is NULL, we do not need to retry at all:
Linus points out that even /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches poses no problem,
because it ends up using remove_mapping(), which takes care not to
interfere when the page reference count is raised.

But there is still one case which does need a retry: if memory pressure
called shmem_writepage in between get_user_pages_fast dropping page
table lock and our acquiring page lock, then the page gets switched from
filecache to swapcache (and ->mapping set to NULL) whatever the refcount.
Fault it back in to get the page->mapping needed for key->shared.inode.

Reported-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-12-31 11:48:28 -08:00
Paul Gortmaker 9984de1a5a kernel: Map most files to use export.h instead of module.h
The changed files were only including linux/module.h for the
EXPORT_SYMBOL infrastructure, and nothing else.  Revector them
onto the isolated export header for faster compile times.

Nothing to see here but a whole lot of instances of:

  -#include <linux/module.h>
  +#include <linux/export.h>

This commit is only changing the kernel dir; next targets
will probably be mm, fs, the arch dirs, etc.

Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
2011-10-31 09:20:12 -04:00
Jiri Kosina e060c38434 Merge branch 'master' into for-next
Fast-forward merge with Linus to be able to merge patches
based on more recent version of the tree.
2011-09-15 15:08:18 +02:00