This adds the new knob max_bytes to specify a dirty memory limit for the
corresponding bdi. The specified bytes value is converted to a ratio.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-9-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@meta.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
This introduces the bdi_set_max_bytes() function. The max_bytes function
does not store the max_bytes value. Instead it converts the max_bytes
value into the corresponding ratio value.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-8-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@meta.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
This splits off __bdi_set_max_ratio() from bdi_set_max_ratio().
__bdi_set_max_ratio() will also be called from bdi_set_max_bytes(),
which will be introduced in the next patch.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-7-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@meta.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
This adds a function to return the specified value for max_bytes. It
converts the stored max_ratio of the bdi to the corresponding bytes
value. It introduces the bdi_get_bytes helper function to do the
conversion. This is an approximation as it is based on the value that is
returned by global_dirty_limits(), which can change. The helper function
will also be used by the min_bytes bdi knob.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-6-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@meta.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
To get finer granularity for ratio calculations use part per million
instead of percentiles. This is especially important if we want to
automatically convert byte values to ratios. Otherwise the values that
are actually used can be quite different. This is also important for
machines with more main memory (1% of 256GB is already 2.5GB).
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-5-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@meta.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Add a new knob to /sys/class/bdi/<bdi>/strict_limit. This new knob
allows to set/unset the flag BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT in the bdi
capabilities.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-3-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@meta.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "mm/block: add bdi sysfs knobs", v4.
At meta network block devices (nbd) are used to implement remote block
storage. In testing and during production it has been observed that these
network block devices can consume a huge portion of the dirty writeback
cache and writeback can take a considerable time.
To be able to give stricter limits, I'm proposing the following changes:
1) introduce strictlimit knob
Currently the max_ratio knob exists to limit the dirty_memory. However
this knob only applies once (dirty_ratio + dirty_background_ratio) / 2
has been reached.
With the BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT flag, the max_ratio can be applied without
reaching that limit. This change exposes that knob.
This knob can also be useful for NFS, fuse filesystems and USB devices.
2) Use part of 1000000 internal calculation
The max_ratio is based on percentage. With the current machine sizes
percentage values can be very high (1% of a 256GB main memory is already
2.5GB). This change uses part of 1000000 instead of percentages for the
internal calculations.
3) Introduce two new sysfs knobs: min_bytes and max_bytes.
Currently all calculations are based on ratio, but for a user it often
more convenient to specify a limit in bytes. The new knobs will not
store bytes values, instead they will translate the byte value to a
corresponding ratio. As the internal values are now part of 1000, the
ratio is closer to the specified value. However the value should be more
seen as an approximation as it can fluctuate over time.
3) Introduce two new sysfs knobs: min_ratio_fine and max_ratio_fine.
The granularity for the existing sysfs bdi knobs min_ratio and max_ratio
is based on percentage values. The new sysfs bdi knobs min_ratio_fine
and max_ratio_fine allow to specify the ratio as part of 1 million.
This patch (of 20):
This adds the bdi_set_strict_limit function to be able to set/unset the
BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT flag.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-1-shr@devkernel.io
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221119005215.3052436-2-shr@devkernel.io
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@meta.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
There are no more callers of try_to_release_page(), so remove it. This
saves 85 bytes of kernel text.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221118073055.55694-5-vishal.moola@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Replace try_to_release_page() with filemap_release_folio(). This change
is in preparation for the removal of the try_to_release_page() wrapper.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221118073055.55694-4-vishal.moola@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Replace some calls with their folio equivalents. This change removes 4
calls to compound_head() and is in preparation for the removal of the
try_to_release_page() wrapper.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221118073055.55694-3-vishal.moola@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
While freeing a large list, the zone lock will be released and reacquired
to avoid long hold times since commit c24ad77d96 ("mm/page_alloc.c:
avoid excessive IRQ disabled times in free_unref_page_list()"). As
suggested by Vlastimil Babka, the lockrelease/reacquire logic can be
simplified by reusing the logic that acquires a different lock when
changing zones.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221122131229.5263-3-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
The pcp_spin_lock_irqsave protecting the PCP lists is IRQ-safe as a task
allocating from the PCP must not re-enter the allocator from IRQ context.
In each instance where IRQ-reentrancy is possible, the lock is acquired
using pcp_spin_trylock_irqsave() even though IRQs are disabled and
re-entrancy is impossible.
Demote the lock to pcp_spin_lock avoids an IRQ disable/enable in the
common case at the cost of some IRQ allocations taking a slower path. If
the PCP lists need to be refilled, the zone lock still needs to disable
IRQs but that will only happen on PCP refill and drain. If an IRQ is
raised when a PCP allocation is in progress, the trylock will fail and
fallback to using the buddy lists directly. Note that this may not be a
universal win if an interrupt-intensive workload also allocates heavily
from interrupt context and contends heavily on the zone->lock as a result.
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: migratetype might be wrong if a PCP was locked]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221122131229.5263-2-mgorman@techsingularity.net
[yuzhao@google.com: reported lockdep issue on IO completion from softirq]
[hughd@google.com: fix list corruption, lock improvements, micro-optimsations]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221118101714.19590-3-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "Leave IRQs enabled for per-cpu page allocations", v3.
This patch (of 2):
free_unref_page_list() has neglected to remove pages properly from the
list of pages to free since forever. It works by coincidence because
list_add happened to do the right thing adding the pages to just the PCP
lists. However, a later patch added pages to either the PCP list or the
zone list but only properly deleted the page from the list in one path
leading to list corruption and a subsequent failure. As a preparation
patch, always delete the pages from one list properly before adding to
another. On its own, this fixes nothing although it adds a fractional
amount of overhead but is critical to the next patch.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221118101714.19590-1-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221118101714.19590-2-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Reported-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
NODE_DATA() is preallocated for all possible nodes after commit
09f49dca57 ("mm: handle uninitialized numa nodes gracefully"). Checking
its return value against NULL is now unnecessary.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116013808.3995280-2-yuzhao@google.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
hugetlb does not support fake write-faults (write faults without write
permissions). However, we are currently able to trigger a
FAULT_FLAG_WRITE fault on a VMA without VM_WRITE.
If we'd ever want to support FOLL_FORCE|FOLL_WRITE, we'd have to teach
hugetlb to:
(1) Leave the page mapped R/O after the fake write-fault, like
maybe_mkwrite() does.
(2) Allow writing to an exclusive anon page that's mapped R/O when
FOLL_FORCE is set, like can_follow_write_pte(). E.g.,
__follow_hugetlb_must_fault() needs adjustment.
For now, it's not clear if that added complexity is really required.
History tolds us that FOLL_FORCE is dangerous and that we better limit its
use to a bare minimum.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
char *map;
int mem_fd;
map = mmap(NULL, 2 * 1024 * 1024u, PROT_READ,
MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON|MAP_HUGETLB|MAP_HUGE_2MB, -1, 0);
if (map == MAP_FAILED) {
fprintf(stderr, "mmap() failed: %d\n", errno);
return 1;
}
mem_fd = open("/proc/self/mem", O_RDWR);
if (mem_fd < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "open(/proc/self/mem) failed: %d\n", errno);
return 1;
}
if (pwrite(mem_fd, "0", 1, (uintptr_t) map) == 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "write() succeeded, which is unexpected\n");
return 1;
}
printf("write() failed as expected: %d\n", errno);
return 0;
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fortunately, we have a sanity check in hugetlb_wp() in place ever since
commit 1d8d14641f ("mm/hugetlb: support write-faults in shared
mappings"), that bails out instead of silently mapping a page writable in
a !PROT_WRITE VMA.
Consequently, above reproducer triggers a warning, similar to the one
reported by szsbot:
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 3612 at mm/hugetlb.c:5313 hugetlb_wp+0x20a/0x1af0 mm/hugetlb.c:5313
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 PID: 3612 Comm: syz-executor250 Not tainted 6.1.0-rc2-syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/11/2022
RIP: 0010:hugetlb_wp+0x20a/0x1af0 mm/hugetlb.c:5313
Code: ea 03 80 3c 02 00 0f 85 31 14 00 00 49 8b 5f 20 31 ff 48 89 dd 83 e5 02 48 89 ee e8 70 ab b7 ff 48 85 ed 75 5b e8 76 ae b7 ff <0f> 0b 41 bd 40 00 00 00 e8 69 ae b7 ff 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff
RSP: 0018:ffffc90003caf620 EFLAGS: 00010293
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000008640070 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: ffff88807b963a80 RSI: ffffffff81c4ed2a RDI: 0000000000000007
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000007 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 000000000008c07e R12: ffff888023805800
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffffffff91217f38 R15: ffff88801d4b0360
FS: 0000555555bba300(0000) GS:ffff8880b9b00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007fff7a47a1b8 CR3: 000000002378d000 CR4: 00000000003506e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Call Trace:
<TASK>
hugetlb_no_page mm/hugetlb.c:5755 [inline]
hugetlb_fault+0x19cc/0x2060 mm/hugetlb.c:5874
follow_hugetlb_page+0x3f3/0x1850 mm/hugetlb.c:6301
__get_user_pages+0x2cb/0xf10 mm/gup.c:1202
__get_user_pages_locked mm/gup.c:1434 [inline]
__get_user_pages_remote+0x18f/0x830 mm/gup.c:2187
get_user_pages_remote+0x84/0xc0 mm/gup.c:2260
__access_remote_vm+0x287/0x6b0 mm/memory.c:5517
ptrace_access_vm+0x181/0x1d0 kernel/ptrace.c:61
generic_ptrace_pokedata kernel/ptrace.c:1323 [inline]
ptrace_request+0xb46/0x10c0 kernel/ptrace.c:1046
arch_ptrace+0x36/0x510 arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c:828
__do_sys_ptrace kernel/ptrace.c:1296 [inline]
__se_sys_ptrace kernel/ptrace.c:1269 [inline]
__x64_sys_ptrace+0x178/0x2a0 kernel/ptrace.c:1269
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
[...]
So let's silence that warning by teaching GUP code that FOLL_FORCE -- so
far -- does not apply to hugetlb.
Note that FOLL_FORCE for read-access seems to be working as expected. The
assumption is that this has been broken forever, only ever since above
commit, we actually detect the wrong handling and WARN_ON_ONCE().
I assume this has been broken at least since 2014, when mm/gup.c came to
life. I failed to come up with a suitable Fixes tag quickly.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221031152524.173644-1-david@redhat.com
Fixes: 1d8d14641f ("mm/hugetlb: support write-faults in shared mappings")
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reported-by: <syzbot+f0b97304ef90f0d0b1dc@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
We already support reliable R/O pinning of anonymous memory. However,
assume we end up pinning (R/O long-term) a pagecache page or the shared
zeropage inside a writable private ("COW") mapping. The next write access
will trigger a write-fault and replace the pinned page by an exclusive
anonymous page in the process page tables to break COW: the pinned page no
longer corresponds to the page mapped into the process' page table.
Now that FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE can break COW on anything mapped into a
COW mapping, let's properly break COW first before R/O long-term
pinning something that's not an exclusive anon page inside a COW
mapping. FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE will break COW and map an exclusive anon page
instead that can get pinned safely.
With this change, we can stop using FOLL_FORCE|FOLL_WRITE for reliable
R/O long-term pinning in COW mappings.
With this change, the new R/O long-term pinning tests for non-anonymous
memory succeed:
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP pin ... with shared zeropage
ok 151 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP pin ... with memfd
ok 152 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP pin ... with tmpfile
ok 153 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP pin ... with huge zeropage
ok 154 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP pin ... with memfd hugetlb (2048 kB)
ok 155 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP pin ... with memfd hugetlb (1048576 kB)
ok 156 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP-fast pin ... with shared zeropage
ok 157 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP-fast pin ... with memfd
ok 158 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP-fast pin ... with tmpfile
ok 159 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP-fast pin ... with huge zeropage
ok 160 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP-fast pin ... with memfd hugetlb (2048 kB)
ok 161 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
# [RUN] R/O longterm GUP-fast pin ... with memfd hugetlb (1048576 kB)
ok 162 Longterm R/O pin is reliable
Note 1: We don't care about short-term R/O-pinning, because they have
snapshot semantics: they are not supposed to observe modifications that
happen after pinning.
As one example, assume we start direct I/O to read from a page and store
page content into a file: modifications to page content after starting
direct I/O are not guaranteed to end up in the file. So even if we'd pin
the shared zeropage, the end result would be as expected -- getting zeroes
stored to the file.
Note 2: For shared mappings we'll now always fallback to the slow path to
lookup the VMA when R/O long-term pining. While that's the necessary price
we have to pay right now, it's actually not that bad in practice: most
FOLL_LONGTERM users already specify FOLL_WRITE, for example, along with
FOLL_FORCE because they tried dealing with COW mappings correctly ...
Note 3: For users that use FOLL_LONGTERM right now without FOLL_WRITE,
such as VFIO, we'd now no longer pin the shared zeropage. Instead, we'd
populate exclusive anon pages that we can pin. There was a concern that
this could affect the memlock limit of existing setups.
For example, a VM running with VFIO could run into the memlock limit and
fail to run. However, we essentially had the same behavior already in
commit 17839856fd ("gup: document and work around "COW can break either
way" issue") which got merged into some enterprise distros, and there were
not any such complaints. So most probably, we're fine.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116102659.70287-10-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Extend FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE to break COW on anything mapped into a
COW (i.e., private writable) mapping and adjust the documentation
accordingly.
FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE will now also break COW when encountering the shared
zeropage, a pagecache page, a PFNMAP, ... inside a COW mapping, by
properly replacing the mapped page/pfn by a private copy (an exclusive
anonymous page).
Note that only do_wp_page() needs care: hugetlb_wp() already handles
FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE correctly. wp_huge_pmd()/wp_huge_pud() also handles it
correctly, for example, splitting the huge zeropage on FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE
such that we can handle FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE on the PTE level.
This change is a requirement for reliable long-term R/O pinning in
COW mappings.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116102659.70287-9-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
If we already have a PMD/PUD mapped write-protected in a private mapping
and we want to break COW either due to FAULT_FLAG_WRITE or
FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE, there is no need to inform the file system just like on
the PTE path.
Let's just split (->zap) + fallback in that case.
This is a preparation for more generic FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE support in
COW mappings.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116102659.70287-8-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
We want to extent FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE support to anything mapped into a
COW mapping (pagecache page, zeropage, PFN, ...), not just anonymous pages.
Let's prepare for that by handling shared mappings first such that we can
handle private mappings last.
While at it, use folio-based functions instead of page-based functions
where we touch the code either way.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116102659.70287-7-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Let's catch abuse of FAULT_FLAG_WRITE early, such that we don't have to
care in all other handlers and might get "surprises" if we forget to do
so.
Write faults without VM_MAYWRITE don't make any sense, and our
maybe_mkwrite() logic could have hidden such abuse for now.
Write faults without VM_WRITE on something that is not a COW mapping is
similarly broken, and e.g., do_wp_page() could end up placing an
anonymous page into a shared mapping, which would be bad.
This is a preparation for reliable R/O long-term pinning of pages in
private mappings, whereby we want to make sure that we will never break
COW in a read-only private mapping.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116102659.70287-6-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
For now, FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE only applies to anonymous pages, which
implies a COW mapping. Let's hide FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE early if we're not
dealing with a COW mapping, such that we treat it like a read fault as
documented and don't have to worry about the flag throughout all fault
handlers.
While at it, centralize the check for mutual exclusion of
FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE and FAULT_FLAG_WRITE and just drop the check that
either flag is set in the WP handler.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116102659.70287-5-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 6a108a14fa ("kconfig: rename CONFIG_EMBEDDED to CONFIG_EXPERT")
introduces CONFIG_EXPERT to carry the previous intent of CONFIG_EMBEDDED
and just gives that intent a much better name. That has been clearly a
good and long overdue renaming, and it is clearly an improvement to the
kernel build configuration that has shown to help managing the kernel
build configuration in the last decade.
However, rather than bravely and radically just deleting CONFIG_EMBEDDED,
this commit gives CONFIG_EMBEDDED a new intended semantics, but keeps it
open for future contributors to implement that intended semantics:
A new CONFIG_EMBEDDED option is added that automatically selects
CONFIG_EXPERT when enabled and can be used in the future to isolate
options that should only be considered for embedded systems (RISC
architectures, SLOB, etc).
Since then, this CONFIG_EMBEDDED implicitly had two purposes:
- It can make even more options visible beyond what CONFIG_EXPERT makes
visible. In other words, it may introduce another level of enabling the
visibility of configuration options: always visible, visible with
CONFIG_EXPERT and visible with CONFIG_EMBEDDED.
- Set certain default values of some configurations differently,
following the assumption that configuring a kernel build for an
embedded system generally starts with a different set of default values
compared to kernel builds for all other kind of systems.
Considering the second purpose, note that already probably arguing that a
kernel build for an embedded system would choose some values differently
is already tricky: the set of embedded systems with Linux kernels is
already quite diverse. Many embedded system have powerful CPUs and it
would not be clear that all embedded systems just optimize towards one
specific aspect, e.g., a smaller kernel image size. So, it is unclear if
starting with "one set of default configuration" that is induced by
CONFIG_EMBEDDED is a good offer for developers configuring their kernels.
Also, the differences of needed user-space features in an embedded system
compared to a non-embedded system are probably difficult or even
impossible to name in some generic way.
So it is not surprising that in the last decade hardly anyone has
contributed changes to make something default differently in case of
CONFIG_EMBEDDED=y.
Currently, in v6.0-rc4, SECRETMEM is the only config switched off if
CONFIG_EMBEDDED=y.
As long as that is actually the only option that currently is selected or
deselected, it is better to just make SECRETMEM configurable at build time
by experts using menuconfig instead.
Make SECRETMEM configurable when EXPERT is set and otherwise default to
yes. Further, SECRETMEM needs ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP.
This allows us to remove CONFIG_EMBEDDED in the close future.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116131922.25533-1-lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
This restriction was created because FOLL_LONGTERM used to scan the vma
list, so it could not tolerate becoming unlocked. That was fixed in
commit 52650c8b46 ("mm/gup: remove the vma allocation from
gup_longterm_locked()") and the restriction on !vma was removed.
However, the locked restriction remained, even though it isn't necessary
anymore.
Adjust __gup_longterm_locked() so it can handle the mmap_read_lock()
becoming unlocked while it is looping for migration. Migration does not
require the mmap_read_sem because it is only handling struct pages. If we
had to unlock then ensure the whole thing returns unlocked.
Remove __get_user_pages_remote() and __gup_longterm_unlocked(). These
cases can now just directly call other functions.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/0-v1-b9ae39aa8884+14dbb-gup_longterm_locked_jgg@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, drop_caches are reclaiming node-by-node, looping on each node
until reclaim could not make progress. This can however leave quite some
slab entries (such as filesystem inodes) unreclaimed if objects say on
node 1 keep objects on node 0 pinned. So move the "loop until no
progress" loop to the node-by-node iteration to retry reclaim also on
other nodes if reclaim on some nodes made progress. This fixes problem
when drop_caches was not reclaiming lots of otherwise perfectly fine to
reclaim inodes.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221115123255.12559-1-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reported-by: You Zhou <you.zhou@intel.com>
Reported-by: Pengfei Xu <pengfei.xu@intel.com>
Tested-by: Pengfei Xu <pengfei.xu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Since commit 9a10064f56 ("mm: add a field to store names for private
anonymous memory"), name for private anonymous memory, but not shared
anonymous, can be set. However, naming shared anonymous memory just as
useful for tracking purposes.
Extend the functionality to be able to set names for shared anon.
There are two ways to create anonymous shared memory, using memfd or
directly via mmap():
1. fd = memfd_create(...)
mem = mmap(..., MAP_SHARED, fd, ...)
2. mem = mmap(..., MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, ...)
In both cases the anonymous shared memory is created the same way by
mapping an unlinked file on tmpfs.
The memfd way allows to give a name for anonymous shared memory, but
not useful when parts of shared memory require to have distinct names.
Example use case: The VMM maps VM memory as anonymous shared memory (not
private because VMM is sandboxed and drivers are running in their own
processes). However, the VM tells back to the VMM how parts of the memory
are actually used by the guest, how each of the segments should be backed
(i.e. 4K pages, 2M pages), and some other information about the segments.
The naming allows us to monitor the effective memory footprint for each
of these segments from the host without looking inside the guest.
Sample output:
/* Create shared anonymous segmenet */
anon_shmem = mmap(NULL, SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
/* Name the segment: "MY-NAME" */
rv = prctl(PR_SET_VMA, PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME,
anon_shmem, SIZE, "MY-NAME");
cat /proc/<pid>/maps (and smaps):
7fc8e2b4c000-7fc8f2b4c000 rw-s 00000000 00:01 1024 [anon_shmem:MY-NAME]
If the segment is not named, the output is:
7fc8e2b4c000-7fc8f2b4c000 rw-s 00000000 00:01 1024 /dev/zero (deleted)
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221115020602.804224-1-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com
Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Cc: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: xu xin <cgel.zte@gmail.com>
Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
The common hugetlb unmap routine __unmap_hugepage_range performs mmu
notification calls. However, in the case where __unmap_hugepage_range is
called via __unmap_hugepage_range_final, mmu notification calls are
performed earlier in other calling routines.
Remove mmu notification calls from __unmap_hugepage_range. Add
notification calls to the only other caller: unmap_hugepage_range.
unmap_hugepage_range is called for truncation and hole punch, so change
notification type from UNMAP to CLEAR as this is more appropriate.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221114235507.294320-4-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Suggested-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Wei Chen <harperchen1110@gmail.com>
Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@linux.dev>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
alloc_memory_type() returns error pointers on error instead of NULL. Use
IS_ERR() to check the return value to fix this.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221110030751.1627266-1-linmq006@gmail.com
Fixes: 7b88bda376 ("mm/demotion/dax/kmem: set node's abstract distance to MEMTIER_DEFAULT_DAX_ADISTANCE")
Signed-off-by: Miaoqian Lin <linmq006@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Quite straightforward, the page functions are converted to corresponding
folio functions. Same for comments.
THP specific code are converted to be large folio.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109012348.93849-3-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Tested-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "migrate: convert migrate_pages()/unmap_and_move() to use
folios", v2.
The conversion is quite straightforward, just replace the page API to the
corresponding folio API. migrate_pages() and unmap_and_move() mostly work
with folios (head pages) only.
This patch (of 2):
Quite straightforward, the page functions are converted to corresponding
folio functions. Same for comments.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109012348.93849-1-ying.huang@intel.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109012348.93849-2-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Revert commit 8315682148 ("mm: migration: fix the FOLL_GET failure on
following huge page"), since after commit 1a6baaa0db ("s390/hugetlb:
switch to generic version of follow_huge_pud()") and commit 57a196a584
("hugetlb: simplify hugetlb handling in follow_page_mask") were merged,
now all the following huge page routines can support FOLL_GET operation.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/496786039852aba90ffa68f10d0df3f4236a990b.1667983080.git.baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Acked-by: Haiyue Wang <haiyue.wang@intel.com>
Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
commit fdf756f712 ("sched: Fix more TASK_state comparisons") makes
hung_task not to monitor TASK_IDLE tasks. The special handling to
workaround hung_task warnings is not required anymore.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1667986006-25420-1-git-send-email-quic_pkondeti@quicinc.com
Signed-off-by: Pavankumar Kondeti <quic_pkondeti@quicinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
It makes no sense for us to recompress the object if it will be in the
same size class. We anyway don't get any memory gain. But, at the same
time, we get a CPU time overhead when inserting this object into zspage
and decompressing it afterwards.
[senozhatsky: rebased and fixed conflicts]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109115047.2921851-9-senozhatsky@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Alexey Romanov <avromanov@sberdevices.ru>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Cc: Suleiman Souhlal <suleiman@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Flag delayed_rmap of 'struct mmu_gather' is rather a private member, but
it is still accessed directly. Instead, let the TLB gather code access
the flag.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/Y3SWCu6NRaMQ5dbD@li-4a3a4a4c-28e5-11b2-a85c-a8d192c6f089.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
When we remove a page table entry, we are very careful to only free the
page after we have flushed the TLB, because other CPUs could still be
using the page through stale TLB entries until after the flush.
However, we have removed the rmap entry for that page early, which means
that functions like folio_mkclean() would end up not serializing with the
page table lock because the page had already been made invisible to rmap.
And that is a problem, because while the TLB entry exists, we could end up
with the following situation:
(a) one CPU could come in and clean it, never seeing our mapping of the
page
(b) another CPU could continue to use the stale and dirty TLB entry and
continue to write to said page
resulting in a page that has been dirtied, but then marked clean again,
all while another CPU might have dirtied it some more.
End result: possibly lost dirty data.
This extends our current TLB gather infrastructure to optionally track a
"should I do a delayed page_remove_rmap() for this page after flushing the
TLB". It uses the newly introduced 'encoded page pointer' to do that
without having to keep separate data around.
Note, this is complicated by a couple of issues:
- we want to delay the rmap removal, but not past the page table lock,
because that simplifies the memcg accounting
- only SMP configurations want to delay TLB flushing, since on UP
there are obviously no remote TLBs to worry about, and the page
table lock means there are no preemption issues either
- s390 has its own mmu_gather model that doesn't delay TLB flushing,
and as a result also does not want the delayed rmap. As such, we can
treat S390 like the UP case and use a common fallback for the "no
delays" case.
- we can track an enormous number of pages in our mmu_gather structure,
with MAX_GATHER_BATCH_COUNT batches of MAX_TABLE_BATCH pages each,
all set up to be approximately 10k pending pages.
We do not want to have a huge number of batched pages that we then
need to check for delayed rmap handling inside the page table lock.
Particularly that last point results in a noteworthy detail, where the
normal page batch gathering is limited once we have delayed rmaps pending,
in such a way that only the last batch (the so-called "active batch") in
the mmu_gather structure can have any delayed entries.
NOTE! While the "possibly lost dirty data" sounds catastrophic, for this
all to happen you need to have a user thread doing either madvise() with
MADV_DONTNEED or a full re-mmap() of the area concurrently with another
thread continuing to use said mapping.
So arguably this is about user space doing crazy things, but from a VM
consistency standpoint it's better if we track the dirty bit properly even
when user space goes off the rails.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix UP build, per Linus]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/B88D3073-440A-41C7-95F4-895D3F657EF2@gmail.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109203051.1835763-4-torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reported-by: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
This is purely a preparatory patch that makes all the data structures
ready for encoding flags with the mmu_gather page pointers.
The code currently always sets the flag to zero and doesn't use it yet,
but now it's tracking the type state along. The next step will be to
actually start using it.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109203051.1835763-3-torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
release_pages() already could take either an array of page pointers, or an
array of folio pointers. Expand it to also accept an array of encoded
page pointers, which is what both the existing mlock() use and the
upcoming mmu_gather use of encoded page pointers wants.
Note that release_pages() won't actually use, or react to, any extra
encoded bits. Instead, this is very much a case of "I have walked the
array of encoded pages and done everything the extra bits tell me to do,
now release it all".
Also, while the "either page or folio pointers" dual use was handled with
a cast of the pointer in "release_folios()", this takes a slightly
different approach and uses the "transparent union" attribute to describe
the set of arguments to the function:
https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Type-Attributes.html
which has been supported by gcc forever, but the kernel hasn't used
before.
That allows us to avoid using various wrappers with casts, and just use
the same function regardless of use.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109203051.1835763-2-torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
NUMA hinting no longer uses savedwrite, let's rip it out.
... and while at it, drop __pte_write() and __pmd_write() on ppc64.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221108174652.198904-7-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
commit b191f9b106 ("mm: numa: preserve PTE write permissions across a
NUMA hinting fault") added remembering write permissions using ordinary
pte_write() for PROT_NONE mapped pages to avoid write faults when
remapping the page !PROT_NONE on NUMA hinting faults.
That commit noted:
The patch looks hacky but the alternatives looked worse. The tidest was
to rewalk the page tables after a hinting fault but it was more complex
than this approach and the performance was worse. It's not generally
safe to just mark the page writable during the fault if it's a write
fault as it may have been read-only for COW so that approach was
discarded.
Later, commit 288bc54949 ("mm/autonuma: let architecture override how
the write bit should be stashed in a protnone pte.") introduced a family
of savedwrite PTE functions that didn't necessarily improve the whole
situation.
One confusing thing is that nowadays, if a page is pte_protnone()
and pte_savedwrite() then also pte_write() is true. Another source of
confusion is that there is only a single pte_mk_savedwrite() call in the
kernel. All other write-protection code seems to silently rely on
pte_wrprotect().
Ever since PageAnonExclusive was introduced and we started using it in
mprotect context via commit 64fe24a3e0 ("mm/mprotect: try avoiding write
faults for exclusive anonymous pages when changing protection"), we do
have machinery in place to avoid write faults when changing protection,
which is exactly what we want to do here.
Let's similarly do what ordinary mprotect() does nowadays when upgrading
write permissions and reuse can_change_pte_writable() and
can_change_pmd_writable() to detect if we can upgrade PTE permissions to be
writable.
For anonymous pages there should be absolutely no change: if an
anonymous page is not exclusive, it could not have been mapped writable --
because only exclusive anonymous pages can be mapped writable.
However, there *might* be a change for writable shared mappings that
require writenotify: if they are not dirty, we cannot map them writable.
While it might not matter in practice, we'd need a different way to
identify whether writenotify is actually required -- and ordinary mprotect
would benefit from that as well.
Note that we don't optimize for the actual migration case:
(1) When migration succeeds the new PTE will not be writable because the
source PTE was not writable (protnone); in the future we
might just optimize that case similarly by reusing
can_change_pte_writable()/can_change_pmd_writable() when removing
migration PTEs.
(2) When migration fails, we'd have to recalculate the "writable" flag
because we temporarily dropped the PT lock; for now keep it simple and
set "writable=false".
We'll remove all savedwrite leftovers next.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221108174652.198904-6-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Let's factor the check out into vma_wants_manual_pte_write_upgrade(), to be
reused in NUMA hinting fault context soon.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221108174652.198904-5-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Let's replicate what we have for PTEs in can_change_pte_writable() also
for PMDs.
While this might look like a pure performance improvement, we'll us this to
get rid of savedwrite handling in do_huge_pmd_numa_page() next. Place
do_huge_pmd_numa_page() strategically good for that purpose.
Note that MM_CP_TRY_CHANGE_WRITABLE is currently only set when we come
via mprotect_fixup().
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221108174652.198904-4-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
We want to replicate this code for handling PMDs soon.
(1) No need to crash the kernel, warning and rejecting is good enough. As
this will no longer get optimized out, drop the pte_write() check: no
harm would be done.
(2) Add a comment why PROT_NONE mapped pages are excluded.
(3) Add a comment regarding MAP_SHARED handling and why we rely on the
dirty bit in the PTE.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221108174652.198904-3-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "mm/autonuma: replace savedwrite infrastructure", v2.
As discussed in my talk at LPC, we can reuse the same mechanism for
deciding whether to map a pte writable when upgrading permissions via
mprotect() -- e.g., PROT_READ -> PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE -- to replace the
savedwrite infrastructure used for NUMA hinting faults (e.g., PROT_NONE ->
PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE).
Instead of maintaining previous write permissions for a pte/pmd, we
re-determine if the pte/pmd can be writable. The big benefit is that we
have a common logic for deciding whether we can map a pte/pmd writable on
protection changes.
For private mappings, there should be no difference -- from what I
understand, that is what autonuma benchmarks care about.
I ran autonumabench for v1 on a system with 2 NUMA nodes, 96 GiB each via:
perf stat --null --repeat 10
The numa01 benchmark is quite noisy in my environment and I failed to
reduce the noise so far.
numa01:
mm-unstable: 146.88 +- 6.54 seconds time elapsed ( +- 4.45% )
mm-unstable++: 147.45 +- 13.39 seconds time elapsed ( +- 9.08% )
numa02:
mm-unstable: 16.0300 +- 0.0624 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.39% )
mm-unstable++: 16.1281 +- 0.0945 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.59% )
It is worth noting that for shared writable mappings that require
writenotify, we will only avoid write faults if the pte/pmd is dirty
(inherited from the older mprotect logic). If we ever care about
optimizing that further, we'd need a different mechanism to identify
whether the FS still needs to get notified on the next write access.
In any case, such an optimization will then not be autonuma-specific, but
mprotect() permission upgrades would similarly benefit from it.
This patch (of 7):
Anonymous pages might have the dirty bit clear, but this should not
prevent mprotect from making them writable if they are exclusive.
Therefore, skip the test whether the page is dirty in this case.
Note that there are already other ways to get a writable PTE mapping an
anonymous page that is clean: for example, via MADV_FREE. In an ideal
world, we'd have a different indication from the FS whether writenotify is
still required.
[david@redhat.com: return directly; update description]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221108174652.198904-1-david@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221108174652.198904-2-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
It's hard to add a page_add_anon_rmap() into __split_huge_pmd_locked()'s
HPAGE_PMD_NR set_pte_at() loop, without wincing at the "freeze" case's
HPAGE_PMD_NR page_remove_rmap() loop below it.
It's just a mistake to add rmaps in the "freeze" (insert migration entries
prior to splitting huge page) case: the pmd_migration case already avoids
doing that, so just follow its lead. page_add_ref() versus put_page()
likewise. But why is one more put_page() needed in the "freeze" case?
Because it's removing the pmd rmap, already removed when pmd_migration
(and freeze and pmd_migration are mutually exclusive cases).
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/d43748aa-fece-e0b9-c4ab-f23c9ebc9011@google.com
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@linux.dev>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Zach O'Keefe <zokeefe@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Can the lock_compound_mapcount() bit_spin_lock apparatus be removed now?
Yes. Not by atomic64_t or cmpxchg games, those get difficult on 32-bit;
but if we slightly abuse subpages_mapcount by additionally demanding that
one bit be set there when the compound page is PMD-mapped, then a cascade
of two atomic ops is able to maintain the stats without bit_spin_lock.
This is harder to reason about than when bit_spin_locked, but I believe
safe; and no drift in stats detected when testing. When there are racing
removes and adds, of course the sequence of operations is less well-
defined; but each operation on subpages_mapcount is atomically good. What
might be disastrous, is if subpages_mapcount could ever fleetingly appear
negative: but the pte lock (or pmd lock) these rmap functions are called
under, ensures that a last remove cannot race ahead of a first add.
Continue to make an exception for hugetlb (PageHuge) pages, though that
exception can be easily removed by a further commit if necessary: leave
subpages_mapcount 0, don't bother with COMPOUND_MAPPED in its case, just
carry on checking compound_mapcount too in folio_mapped(), page_mapped().
Evidence is that this way goes slightly faster than the previous
implementation in all cases (pmds after ptes now taking around 103ms); and
relieves us of worrying about contention on the bit_spin_lock.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/3978f3ca-5473-55a7-4e14-efea5968d892@google.com
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@linux.dev>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Zach O'Keefe <zokeefe@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "mm,thp,rmap: rework the use of subpages_mapcount", v2.
This patch (of 3):
Following suggestion from Linus, instead of counting every PTE map of a
compound page in subpages_mapcount, just count how many of its subpages
are PTE-mapped: this yields the exact number needed for NR_ANON_MAPPED and
NR_FILE_MAPPED stats, without any need for a locked scan of subpages; and
requires updating the count less often.
This does then revert total_mapcount() and folio_mapcount() to needing a
scan of subpages; but they are inherently racy, and need no locking, so
Linus is right that the scans are much better done there. Plus (unlike in
6.1 and previous) subpages_mapcount lets us avoid the scan in the common
case of no PTE maps. And page_mapped() and folio_mapped() remain scanless
and just as efficient with the new meaning of subpages_mapcount: those are
the functions which I most wanted to remove the scan from.
The updated page_dup_compound_rmap() is no longer suitable for use by anon
THP's __split_huge_pmd_locked(); but page_add_anon_rmap() can be used for
that, so long as its VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked) is deleted.
Evidence is that this way goes slightly faster than the previous
implementation for most cases; but significantly faster in the (now
scanless) pmds after ptes case, which started out at 870ms and was brought
down to 495ms by the previous series, now takes around 105ms.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/a5849eca-22f1-3517-bf29-95d982242742@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/eec17e16-4e1-7c59-f1bc-5bca90dac919@google.com
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@linux.dev>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Zach O'Keefe <zokeefe@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Today with `hugetlb_free_vmemmap=on` the struct page memory that is freed
back to page allocator is as following: for a 2M hugetlb page it will reuse
the first 4K vmemmap page to remap the remaining 7 vmemmap pages, and for a
1G hugetlb it will remap the remaining 4095 vmemmap pages. Essentially,
that means that it breaks the first 4K of a potentially contiguous chunk of
memory of 32K (for 2M hugetlb pages) or 16M (for 1G hugetlb pages). For
this reason the memory that it's free back to page allocator cannot be used
for hugetlb to allocate huge pages of the same size, but rather only of a
smaller huge page size:
Trying to assign a 64G node to hugetlb (on a 128G 2node guest, each node
having 64G):
* Before allocation:
Free pages count per migrate type at order 0 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
...
Node 0, zone Normal, type Movable 340 100 32 15
1 2 0 0 0 1 15558
$ echo 32768 > /sys/devices/system/node/node0/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
$ cat /sys/devices/system/node/node0/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
31987
* After:
Node 0, zone Normal, type Movable 30893 32006 31515 7
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Notice how the memory freed back are put back into 4K / 8K / 16K page
pools. And it allocates a total of 31987 pages (63974M).
To fix this behaviour rather than remapping second vmemmap page (thus
breaking the contiguous block of memory backing the struct pages)
repopulate the first vmemmap page with a new one. We allocate and copy
from the currently mapped vmemmap page, and then remap it later on.
The same algorithm works if there's a pre initialized walk::reuse_page
and the head page doesn't need to be skipped and instead we remap it
when the @addr being changed is the @reuse_addr.
The new head page is allocated in vmemmap_remap_free() given that on
restore there's no need for functional change. Note that, because right
now one hugepage is remapped at a time, thus only one free 4K page at a
time is needed to remap the head page. Should it fail to allocate said
new page, it reuses the one that's already mapped just like before. As a
result, for every 64G of contiguous hugepages it can give back 1G more
of contiguous memory per 64G, while needing in total 128M new 4K pages
(for 2M hugetlb) or 256k (for 1G hugetlb).
After the changes, try to assign a 64G node to hugetlb (on a 128G 2node
guest, each node with 64G):
* Before allocation
Free pages count per migrate type at order 0 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
...
Node 0, zone Normal, type Movable 1 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 1 1 15564
$ echo 32768 > /sys/devices/system/node/node0/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
$ cat /sys/devices/system/node/node0/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
32394
* After:
Node 0, zone Normal, type Movable 0 50 97 108
96 81 70 46 18 0 0
In the example above, 407 more hugeltb 2M pages are allocated i.e. 814M out
of the 32394 (64788M) allocated. So the memory freed back is indeed being
used back in hugetlb and there's no massive order-0..order-2 pages
accumulated unused.
[joao.m.martins@oracle.com: v3]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109200623.96867-1-joao.m.martins@oracle.com
[joao.m.martins@oracle.com: add smp_wmb() to ensure page contents are visible prior to PTE write]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221110121214.6297-1-joao.m.martins@oracle.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221107153922.77094-1-joao.m.martins@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Commit ("mm,thp,rmap: lock_compound_mapcounts() on THP mapcounts")
propagated the "if (compound) {lock} else if (PageCompound) {lock} else
{atomic}" pattern throughout; but Linus hated the way that gives primacy
to the uncommon case: switch to "if (!PageCompound) {atomic} else if
(compound) {lock} else {lock}" throughout. Linus has a bigger idea for
how to improve it all, but here just make that rearrangement.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/fca2f694-2098-b0ef-d4e-f1d8b94d318c@google.com
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina@google.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@linux.dev>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>
Cc: Zach O'Keefe <zokeefe@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
