Commit graph

378 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Zhouyi Zhou
3ac8587852 rcu: Fix undefined Kconfig macros
Invoking scripts/checkkconfigsymbols.py in the Linux-kernel source tree
located the following issues:

1. TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
Referencing files: arch/sh/configs/sdk7786_defconfig

It should now be CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU. Except that the CONFIG_PREEMPT=y in
that same file implies CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU=y.  Therefore, delete the
CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU=y line.

The reason is as follows:

In kernel/rcu/Kconfig, we have
config PREEMPT_RCU
        bool
        default y if PREEMPTION

https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.txt says,
"The default value is only assigned to the config symbol if no other value
 was set by the user (via the input prompt above)."
there is no prompt in config PREEMPT_RCU entry, so we are guaranteed to
get CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU=y when CONFIG_PREEMPT is present.

2. RCU_CPU_STALL_INFO
Referencing files: arch/xtensa/configs/nommu_kc705_defconfig

The old Kconfig option RCU_CPU_STALL_INFO was removed by commit
75c27f119b ("rcu: Remove CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_INFO"), and the kernel
now acts as if this Kconfig option was unconditionally enabled.

3. RCU_NOCB_CPU_ALL
Referencing files:
Documentation/RCU/Design/Memory-Ordering/Tree-RCU-Memory-Ordering.rst

This is an old snapshot of the code. I update this from the real
rcu_prepare_for_idle() function in kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h.
This change was tested by invoking "make htmldocs".

4. RCU_TORTURE_TESTS
Referencing files: kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c

Forward-progress checking conflicts with CPU-stall testing, so we should
complain at "modprobe rcutorture" when both are enabled.

Signed-off-by: Zhouyi Zhou <zhouzhouyi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-09-13 16:32:46 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney
13bc8fa805 doc: Add another stall-warning root cause in stallwarn.rst
This commit adds a bullet item noting that both deficiencies and surpluses
of calls to rcu_*_enter() and rcu_*_exit() can result in RCU CPU stall
warnings.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-09-13 16:32:46 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney
99c0974ffe doc: Update stallwarn.rst with recent changes
This commit calls out the possibility of self-detected stalls, adds new
messages, and calls out the use for stack traces.

Reported-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-07-20 13:36:33 -07:00
Frederic Weisbecker
c28adacc14 rcu/doc: Add a quick quiz to explain further why we need smp_mb__after_unlock_lock()
Add some missing critical pieces of explanation to understand the need
for full memory barriers throughout the whole grace period state machine,
thanks to Paul's explanations.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Cc: Neeraj Upadhyay <neeraju@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: Uladzislau Rezki <urezki@gmail.com>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
[ paulmck: Adjust code block per Akira Yokosawa. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-07-20 13:36:33 -07:00
Haocheng Xie
9984fd7e5e docs: Fix a typo in Documentation/RCU/stallwarn.rst
Add the missing ')' in the documentation.

Signed-off-by: Haocheng Xie <xiehaocheng.cn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-07-20 13:36:33 -07:00
Akira Yokosawa
4966090849 Documentation/RCU: Fix nested inline markup
To avoid the ``foo`` markup inside the `bar`__ hyperlink marker,
use the "replace" directive [1].

This should restore the intended appearance of the link.

Tested with sphinx versions 1.7.9 and 2.4.4.

[1]: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/directives.html#replace

Signed-off-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-07-20 13:36:33 -07:00
Akira Yokosawa
e3879ecd36 Documentation/RCU: Fix emphasis markers
"-foo-" does not work as emphasis in ReST markdown.
Use "*foo*" instead.

Signed-off-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-07-20 13:36:33 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
28e92f9903 Merge branch 'core-rcu-2021.07.04' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu
Pull RCU updates from Paul McKenney:

 - Bitmap parsing support for "all" as an alias for all bits

 - Documentation updates

 - Miscellaneous fixes, including some that overlap into mm and lockdep

 - kvfree_rcu() updates

 - mem_dump_obj() updates, with acks from one of the slab-allocator
   maintainers

 - RCU NOCB CPU updates, including limited deoffloading

 - SRCU updates

 - Tasks-RCU updates

 - Torture-test updates

* 'core-rcu-2021.07.04' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu: (78 commits)
  tasks-rcu: Make show_rcu_tasks_gp_kthreads() be static inline
  rcu-tasks: Make ksoftirqd provide RCU Tasks quiescent states
  rcu: Add missing __releases() annotation
  rcu: Remove obsolete rcu_read_unlock() deadlock commentary
  rcu: Improve comments describing RCU read-side critical sections
  rcu: Create an unrcu_pointer() to remove __rcu from a pointer
  srcu: Early test SRCU polling start
  rcu: Fix various typos in comments
  rcu/nocb: Unify timers
  rcu/nocb: Prepare for fine-grained deferred wakeup
  rcu/nocb: Only cancel nocb timer if not polling
  rcu/nocb: Delete bypass_timer upon nocb_gp wakeup
  rcu/nocb: Cancel nocb_timer upon nocb_gp wakeup
  rcu/nocb: Allow de-offloading rdp leader
  rcu/nocb: Directly call __wake_nocb_gp() from bypass timer
  rcu: Don't penalize priority boosting when there is nothing to boost
  rcu: Point to documentation of ordering guarantees
  rcu: Make rcu_gp_cleanup() be noinline for tracing
  rcu: Restrict RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD to at most four CPUs
  rcu: Make show_rcu_gp_kthreads() dump rcu_node structures blocking GP
  ...
2021-07-04 12:58:33 -07:00
Toke Høiland-Jørgensen
e74c74f9e5 doc: Give XDP as example of non-obvious RCU reader/updater pairing
This commit gives an example of non-obvious RCU reader/updater pairing
in the guise of the XDP feature in networking, which calls BPF programs
from network-driver NAPI (softirq) context.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210624160609.292325-4-toke@redhat.com
2021-06-24 19:41:14 +02:00
Paul E. McKenney
9a145c04a2 doc: Clarify and expand RCU updaters and corresponding readers
This commit clarifies which primitives readers can use given that the
corresponding updaters have made a specific choice.  This commit also adds
this information for the various RCU Tasks flavors.  While in the area, it
removes a paragraph that no longer applies in any straightforward manner.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210624160609.292325-3-toke@redhat.com
2021-06-24 19:41:14 +02:00
Frederic Weisbecker
58d0db869d doc: Fix diagram references in memory-ordering document
The three diagrams describing rcu_gp_init() all spuriously refer to
the same figure, probably due to a copy/paste issue.  This commit fixes
these references.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-05-10 15:39:19 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney
18389c4570 doc: Fix statement of RCU's memory-ordering requirements
The sentence defining the relationship of accesses before a grace
period to read-side accesses following that same grace period was
missing a small word: "not".  This commit therefore adds it.

Reported-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-05-10 15:39:19 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney
e589c7c723 docs: Correctly spell Stephen Hemminger's name
This commit replaces "Steve" with the his real name, which is "Stephen".

Reported-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-03-15 13:53:24 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
0e63a5c6ba It has been a relatively quiet cycle in docsland.
- As promised, the minimum Sphinx version to build the docs is now 1.7,
    and we have dropped support for Python 2 entirely.  That allowed the
    removal of a bunch of compatibility code.
 
  - A set of treewide warning fixups from Mauro that I applied after it
    became clear nobody else was going to deal with them.
 
  - The automarkup mechanism can now create cross-references from relative
    paths to RST files.
 
  - More translations, typo fixes, and warning fixes.
 
 No conflicts with any other tree as far as I know.
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Merge tag 'docs-5.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
 "It has been a relatively quiet cycle in docsland.

   - As promised, the minimum Sphinx version to build the docs is now
     1.7, and we have dropped support for Python 2 entirely. That
     allowed the removal of a bunch of compatibility code.

   - A set of treewide warning fixups from Mauro that I applied after it
     became clear nobody else was going to deal with them.

   - The automarkup mechanism can now create cross-references from
     relative paths to RST files.

   - More translations, typo fixes, and warning fixes"

* tag 'docs-5.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (75 commits)
  docs: kernel-hacking: be more civil
  docs: Remove the Microsoft rhetoric
  Documentation/admin-guide: kernel-parameters: Update nohlt section
  doc/admin-guide: fix spelling mistake: "perfomance" -> "performance"
  docs: Document cross-referencing using relative path
  docs: Enable usage of relative paths to docs on automarkup
  docs: thermal: fix spelling mistakes
  Documentation: admin-guide: Update kvm/xen config option
  docs: Make syscalls' helpers naming consistent
  coding-style.rst: Avoid comma statements
  Documentation: /proc/loadavg: add 3 more field descriptions
  Documentation/submitting-patches: Add blurb about backtraces in commit messages
  Docs: drop Python 2 support
  Move our minimum Sphinx version to 1.7
  Documentation: input: define ABS_PRESSURE/ABS_MT_PRESSURE resolution as grams
  scripts/kernel-doc: add internal hyperlink to DOC: sections
  Update Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/fs.rst
  docs: Update DTB format references
  docs: zh_CN: add iio index.rst translation
  docs/zh_CN: add iio ep93xx_adc.rst translation
  ...
2021-02-22 10:57:46 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
d089f48fba These are the latest RCU updates for v5.12:
- Documentation updates.
 
  - Miscellaneous fixes.
 
  - kfree_rcu() updates: Addition of mem_dump_obj() to provide allocator return
    addresses to more easily locate bugs.  This has a couple of RCU-related commits,
    but is mostly MM.  Was pulled in with akpm's agreement.
 
  - Per-callback-batch tracking of numbers of callbacks,
    which enables better debugging information and smarter
    reactions to large numbers of callbacks.
 
  - The first round of changes to allow CPUs to be runtime switched from and to
    callback-offloaded state.
 
  - CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT-related changes.
 
  - RCU CPU stall warning updates.
 
  - Addition of polling grace-period APIs for SRCU.
 
  - Torture-test and torture-test scripting updates, including a "torture everything"
    script that runs rcutorture, locktorture, scftorture, rcuscale, and refscale.
    Plus does an allmodconfig build.
 
  - nolibc fixes for the torture tests
 
 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'core-rcu-2021-02-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "These are the latest RCU updates for v5.12:

   - Documentation updates.

   - Miscellaneous fixes.

   - kfree_rcu() updates: Addition of mem_dump_obj() to provide
     allocator return addresses to more easily locate bugs. This has a
     couple of RCU-related commits, but is mostly MM. Was pulled in with
     akpm's agreement.

   - Per-callback-batch tracking of numbers of callbacks, which enables
     better debugging information and smarter reactions to large numbers
     of callbacks.

   - The first round of changes to allow CPUs to be runtime switched
     from and to callback-offloaded state.

   - CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT-related changes.

   - RCU CPU stall warning updates.

   - Addition of polling grace-period APIs for SRCU.

   - Torture-test and torture-test scripting updates, including a
     "torture everything" script that runs rcutorture, locktorture,
     scftorture, rcuscale, and refscale. Plus does an allmodconfig
     build.

   - nolibc fixes for the torture tests"

* tag 'core-rcu-2021-02-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (130 commits)
  percpu_ref: Dump mem_dump_obj() info upon reference-count underflow
  rcu: Make call_rcu() print mem_dump_obj() info for double-freed callback
  mm: Make mem_obj_dump() vmalloc() dumps include start and length
  mm: Make mem_dump_obj() handle vmalloc() memory
  mm: Make mem_dump_obj() handle NULL and zero-sized pointers
  mm: Add mem_dump_obj() to print source of memory block
  tools/rcutorture: Fix position of -lgcc in mkinitrd.sh
  tools/nolibc: Fix position of -lgcc in the documented example
  tools/nolibc: Emit detailed error for missing alternate syscall number definitions
  tools/nolibc: Remove incorrect definitions of __ARCH_WANT_*
  tools/nolibc: Get timeval, timespec and timezone from linux/time.h
  tools/nolibc: Implement poll() based on ppoll()
  tools/nolibc: Implement fork() based on clone()
  tools/nolibc: Make getpgrp() fall back to getpgid(0)
  tools/nolibc: Make dup2() rely on dup3() when available
  tools/nolibc: Add the definition for dup()
  rcutorture: Add rcutree.use_softirq=0 to RUDE01 and TASKS01
  torture: Maintain torture-specific set of CPUs-online books
  torture: Clean up after torture-test CPU hotplugging
  rcutorture: Make object_debug also double call_rcu() heap object
  ...
2021-02-21 12:04:41 -08:00
Ingo Molnar
85e853c5ec Merge branch 'for-mingo-rcu' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu into core/rcu
Pull RCU updates from Paul E. McKenney:

- Documentation updates.

- Miscellaneous fixes.

- kfree_rcu() updates: Addition of mem_dump_obj() to provide allocator return
  addresses to more easily locate bugs.  This has a couple of RCU-related commits,
  but is mostly MM.  Was pulled in with akpm's agreement.

- Per-callback-batch tracking of numbers of callbacks,
  which enables better debugging information and smarter
  reactions to large numbers of callbacks.

- The first round of changes to allow CPUs to be runtime switched from and to
  callback-offloaded state.

- CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT-related changes.

- RCU CPU stall warning updates.
- Addition of polling grace-period APIs for SRCU.

- Torture-test and torture-test scripting updates, including a "torture everything"
  script that runs rcutorture, locktorture, scftorture, rcuscale, and refscale.
  Plus does an allmodconfig build.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2021-02-12 12:56:55 +01:00
Viresh Kumar
f8408264c7 drivers: Remove CONFIG_OPROFILE support
The "oprofile" user-space tools don't use the kernel OPROFILE support
any more, and haven't in a long time. User-space has been converted to
the perf interfaces.

Remove kernel's old oprofile support.

Suggested-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Robert Richter <rric@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> #RCU
Acked-by: William Cohen <wcohen@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2021-01-29 10:06:24 +05:30
Paul E. McKenney
0d2460ba61 Merge branches 'doc.2021.01.06a', 'fixes.2021.01.04b', 'kfree_rcu.2021.01.04a', 'mmdumpobj.2021.01.22a', 'nocb.2021.01.06a', 'rt.2021.01.04a', 'stall.2021.01.06a', 'torture.2021.01.12a' and 'tortureall.2021.01.06a' into HEAD
doc.2021.01.06a: Documentation updates.
fixes.2021.01.04b: Miscellaneous fixes.
kfree_rcu.2021.01.04a: kfree_rcu() updates.
mmdumpobj.2021.01.22a: Dump allocation point for memory blocks.
nocb.2021.01.06a: RCU callback offload updates and cblist segment lengths.
rt.2021.01.04a: Real-time updates.
stall.2021.01.06a: RCU CPU stall warning updates.
torture.2021.01.12a: Torture-test updates and polling SRCU grace-period API.
tortureall.2021.01.06a: Torture-test script updates.
2021-01-22 15:26:44 -08:00
Joe Perches
05a5f51ca5 Documentation: Replace lkml.org links with lore
Replace the lkml.org links with lore to better use a single source
that's more likely to stay available long-term.

Done by bash script:

cvt_lkml_to_lore ()
{
    tmpfile=$(mktemp ./.cvt_links.XXXXXXX)

    header=$(echo $1 | sed 's@/lkml/@/lkml/headers/@')

    wget -qO - $header > $tmpfile
    if [[ $? == 0 ]] ; then
	link=$(grep -i '^Message-Id:' $tmpfile | head -1 | \
		   sed -r -e 's/^\s*Message-Id:\s*<\s*//' -e  's/\s*>\s*$//' -e 's@^@https://lore.kernel.org/r/@')
	#    echo "testlink: $link"
	if [ -n "$link" ] ; then
	    wget -qO - $link > /dev/null
	    if [[ $? == 0 ]] ; then
		echo $link
	    fi
	fi
    fi

    rm -f $tmpfile
}

git grep -P -o "\bhttps?://(?:www.)?lkml.org/lkml[\/\w]+" $@ |
    while read line ; do
	echo $line
	file=$(echo $line | cut -f1 -d':')
	link=$(echo $line | cut -f2- -d':')
	newlink=$(cvt_lkml_to_lore $link)
	if [[ -n "$newlink" ]] ; then
	    sed -i -e "s#\b$link\b#$newlink#" $file
	fi
    done

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1265849/#1462688
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/77cdb7f32cfb087955bfc3600b86c40bed5d4104.camel@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
2021-01-11 12:47:38 -07:00
Neeraj Upadhyay
683954e55c rcu: Check and report missed fqs timer wakeup on RCU stall
For a new grace period request, the RCU GP kthread transitions through
following states:

a. [RCU_GP_WAIT_GPS] -> [RCU_GP_DONE_GPS]

The RCU_GP_WAIT_GPS state is where the GP kthread waits for a request
for a new GP.  Once it receives a request (for example, when a new RCU
callback is queued), the GP kthread transitions to RCU_GP_DONE_GPS.

b. [RCU_GP_DONE_GPS] -> [RCU_GP_ONOFF]

Grace period initialization starts in rcu_gp_init(), which records the
start of new GP in rcu_state.gp_seq and transitions to RCU_GP_ONOFF.

c. [RCU_GP_ONOFF] -> [RCU_GP_INIT]

The purpose of the RCU_GP_ONOFF state is to apply the online/offline
information that was buffered for any CPUs that recently came online or
went offline.  This state is maintained in per-leaf rcu_node bitmasks,
with the buffered state in ->qsmaskinitnext and the state for the upcoming
GP in ->qsmaskinit.  At the end of this RCU_GP_ONOFF state, each bit in
->qsmaskinit will correspond to a CPU that must pass through a quiescent
state before the upcoming grace period is allowed to complete.

However, a leaf rcu_node structure with an all-zeroes ->qsmaskinit
cannot necessarily be ignored.  In preemptible RCU, there might well be
tasks still in RCU read-side critical sections that were first preempted
while running on one of the CPUs managed by this structure.  Such tasks
will be queued on this structure's ->blkd_tasks list.  Only after this
list fully drains can this leaf rcu_node structure be ignored, and even
then only if none of its CPUs have come back online in the meantime.
Once that happens, the ->qsmaskinit masks further up the tree will be
updated to exclude this leaf rcu_node structure.

Once the ->qsmaskinitnext and ->qsmaskinit fields have been updated
as needed, the GP kthread transitions to RCU_GP_INIT.

d. [RCU_GP_INIT] -> [RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS]

The purpose of the RCU_GP_INIT state is to copy each ->qsmaskinit to
the ->qsmask field within each rcu_node structure.  This copying is done
breadth-first from the root to the leaves.  Why not just copy directly
from ->qsmaskinitnext to ->qsmask?  Because the ->qsmaskinitnext masks
can change in the meantime as additional CPUs come online or go offline.
Such changes would result in inconsistencies in the ->qsmask fields up and
down the tree, which could in turn result in too-short grace periods or
grace-period hangs.  These issues are avoided by snapshotting the leaf
rcu_node structures' ->qsmaskinitnext fields into their ->qsmaskinit
counterparts, generating a consistent set of ->qsmaskinit fields
throughout the tree, and only then copying these consistent ->qsmaskinit
fields to their ->qsmask counterparts.

Once this initialization step is complete, the GP kthread transitions
to RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS, where it waits to do a force-quiescent-state scan
on the one hand or for the end of the grace period on the other.

e. [RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS] -> [RCU_GP_DOING_FQS]

The RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS state waits for one of three things:  (1) An
explicit request to do a force-quiescent-state scan, (2) The end of
the grace period, or (3) A short interval of time, after which it
will do a force-quiescent-state (FQS) scan.  The explicit request can
come from rcutorture or from any CPU that has too many RCU callbacks
queued (see the qhimark kernel parameter and the RCU_GP_FLAG_OVLD
flag).  The aforementioned "short period of time" is specified by the
jiffies_till_first_fqs boot parameter for a given grace period's first
FQS scan and by the jiffies_till_next_fqs for later FQS scans.

Either way, once the wait is over, the GP kthread transitions to
RCU_GP_DOING_FQS.

f. [RCU_GP_DOING_FQS] -> [RCU_GP_CLEANUP]

The RCU_GP_DOING_FQS state performs an FQS scan.  Each such scan carries
out two functions for any CPU whose bit is still set in its leaf rcu_node
structure's ->qsmask field, that is, for any CPU that has not yet reported
a quiescent state for the current grace period:

  i.  Report quiescent states on behalf of CPUs that have been observed
      to be idle (from an RCU perspective) since the beginning of the
      grace period.

  ii. If the current grace period is too old, take various actions to
      encourage holdout CPUs to pass through quiescent states, including
      enlisting the aid of any calls to cond_resched() and might_sleep(),
      and even including IPIing the holdout CPUs.

These checks are skipped for any leaf rcu_node structure with a all-zero
->qsmask field, however such structures are subject to RCU priority
boosting if there are tasks on a given structure blocking the current
grace period.  The end of the grace period is detected when the root
rcu_node structure's ->qsmask is zero and when there are no longer any
preempted tasks blocking the current grace period.  (No, this last check
is not redundant.  To see this, consider an rcu_node tree having exactly
one structure that serves as both root and leaf.)

Once the end of the grace period is detected, the GP kthread transitions
to RCU_GP_CLEANUP.

g. [RCU_GP_CLEANUP] -> [RCU_GP_CLEANED]

The RCU_GP_CLEANUP state marks the end of grace period by updating the
rcu_state structure's ->gp_seq field and also all rcu_node structures'
->gp_seq field.  As before, the rcu_node tree is traversed in breadth
first order.  Once this update is complete, the GP kthread transitions
to the RCU_GP_CLEANED state.

i. [RCU_GP_CLEANED] -> [RCU_GP_INIT]

Once in the RCU_GP_CLEANED state, the GP kthread immediately transitions
into the RCU_GP_INIT state.

j. The role of timers.

If there is at least one idle CPU, and if timers are not firing, the
transition from RCU_GP_DOING_FQS to RCU_GP_CLEANUP will never happen.
Timers can fail to fire for a number of reasons, including issues in
timer configuration, issues in the timer framework, and failure to handle
softirqs (for example, when there is a storm of interrupts).  Whatever the
reason, if the timers fail to fire, the GP kthread will never be awakened,
resulting in RCU CPU stall warnings and eventually in OOM.

However, an RCU CPU stall warning has a large number of potential causes,
as documented in Documentation/RCU/stallwarn.rst.  This commit therefore
adds analysis to the RCU CPU stall-warning code to emit an additional
message if the cause of the stall is likely to be timer failure.

Signed-off-by: Neeraj Upadhyay <neeraju@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-06 16:54:11 -08:00
Sebastian Andrzej Siewior
81ad58be2f doc: Use CONFIG_PREEMPTION
CONFIG_PREEMPTION is selected by CONFIG_PREEMPT and by CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT.
Both PREEMPT and PREEMPT_RT require the same functionality which today
depends on CONFIG_PREEMPT.

Update the documents and mention CONFIG_PREEMPTION. Spell out
CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT (instead PREEMPT_RT) since it is an option now.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-06 16:10:44 -08:00
Sebastian Andrzej Siewior
361c0f3d80 doc: Update RCU's requirements page about the PREEMPT_RT wiki
The PREEMPT_RT wiki moved from kernel.org to the Linux Foundation wiki.
The kernel.org wiki is read only.

This commit therefore updates the URL of the active PREEMPT_RT wiki.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-06 16:10:41 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney
ee7f4a87a1 srcu: Document polling interfaces for Tree SRCU grace periods
This commit adds requirements documentation for the
get_state_synchronize_srcu(), start_poll_synchronize_srcu(), and
poll_state_synchronize_srcu() functions.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/rcu/20201112201547.GF3365678@moria.home.lan/
Reported-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Neeraj Upadhyay <neeraju@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-04 13:53:39 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney
d756c74e6f doc: Update RCU requirements RCU_INIT_POINTER() description
Back in the day, RCU_INIT_POINTER() was the only way to avoid
memory-barrier instructions while storing NULL to an RCU-protected
pointer.  Fortunately, in 2016, rcu_assign_pointer() started checking for
compile-time NULL pointers and omitting the memory-barrier instructions in
that case.  Unfortunately, RCU's Requirements.rst document was not updated
accordingly.  This commit therefore at long last carries out that update.

Fixes: 3a37f7275c ("rcu: No ordering for rcu_assign_pointer() of NULL")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20201209230755.GV7338@casper.infradead.org/
Reported-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-04 13:35:15 -08:00
Paul Gortmaker
9d3a04853f docs: Fix typos and drop/fix dead links in RCU documentation
It appears the Compaq link moved to a machine at HP for a while
after the merger of the two, but that doesn't work either.  A search
of HP for "wiz_2637" (w and w/o html suffix) comes up empty.

Since the references aren't critical to the documents we remove them.

Also, the lkml.kernel.org/g links have been broken for ages, so replace
them with lore.kernel.org/r links - standardize on lore for all links too.

Note that we put off fixing these 4y ago - presumably thinking that a
treewide fixup was pending.  Probably safe to go fix the RCU ones now.

https://lore.kernel.org/r/20160915144926.GD10850@linux.vnet.ibm.com/

Cc: Michael Opdenacker <michael.opdenacker@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-04 13:35:14 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney
2c8bce609f doc: Remove obsolete RCU-bh and RCU-sched update-side API members
synchronize_rcu_bh(), synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited(), call_rcu_bh(),
rcu_barrier_bh(), synchronize_sched(), synchronize_rcu_sched_expedited(),
call_rcu_sched(), and rcu_barrier_sched() no longer exist, so this
commit removes mention of them.

Reported-by: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-04 13:35:13 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney
be06c2577e docs: Remove redundant "``" from Requirements.rst
The docbook system has learned that "()" designates a function, so
this commit removes the no-longer-needed "``" to improve readability
of the raw .rst file.

Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
[ paulmck: Apply Stephen Rothwell feedback. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2021-01-04 13:35:13 -08:00
Nícolas F. R. A. Prado
4f8af077a0 docs: Fix reST markup when linking to sections
During the process of converting the documentation to reST, some links
were converted using the following wrong syntax (and sometimes using %20
instead of spaces):

   `Display text <#section-name-in-html>`__

This syntax isn't valid according to the docutils' spec [1], but more
importantly, it is specific to HTML, since it uses '#' to link to an
HTML anchor.

The right syntax would instead use a docutils hyperlink reference as the
embedded URI to point to the section [2], that is:

   `Display text <Section Name_>`__

This syntax works in both HTML and PDF.

The LaTeX toolchain doesn't mind the HTML anchor syntax when generating
the pdf documentation (make pdfdocs), that is, the build succeeds but
the links don't work, but that syntax causes errors when trying to build
using the not-yet-merged rst2pdf:

   ValueError: format not resolved, probably missing URL scheme or undefined destination target for 'Forcing%20Quiescent%20States'

So, use the correct syntax in order to have it work in all different
output formats.

[1]: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#reference-names
[2]: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#embedded-uris-and-aliases

Fixes: ccc9971e21 ("docs: rcu: convert some articles from html to ReST")
Fixes: c8cce10a62 ("docs: Fix the reference labels in Locking.rst")
Fixes: e548cdeffc ("docs-rst: convert kernel-locking to ReST")
Fixes: 7ddedebb03 ("ALSA: doc: ReSTize writing-an-alsa-driver document")
Signed-off-by: Nícolas F. R. A. Prado <nfraprado@protonmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201228144537.135353-1-nfraprado@protonmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
2020-12-31 15:44:47 -07:00
Hui Su
c386e29d43 docs/rcu: Update the call_rcu() API
This commit updates the documented API of call_rcu() to use the
rcu_callback_t typedef instead of the open-coded function definition.

Signed-off-by: Hui Su <sh_def@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-11-06 17:02:43 -08:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
a1b9dbb72b docs: RCU: Requirements.rst: Fix a list block
As warned by Sphinx:
	.../Documentation/RCU/Design/Requirements/Requirements.rst:1959: WARNING: Unexpected indentation.

The list block is missing a space before it, making Sphinx to get
it wrong.  This commit therefore adds the missing space characters.

Fixes: 2a721e5f0b2c ("docs: Update RCU's hotplug requirements with a bit about design")
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-11-06 17:02:43 -08:00
Joel Fernandes (Google)
a043260740 docs: Update RCU's hotplug requirements with a bit about design
The rcu_barrier() section of the "Hotplug CPU" section discusses
deadlocks, however the description of deadlocks other than those involving
rcu_barrier() is rather incomplete.

This commit therefore continues the section by describing how RCU's
design handles CPU hotplug in a deadlock-free way.

Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-11-06 17:02:43 -08:00
Paul E. McKenney
86b5a7381b doc: Present the role of READ_ONCE()
This commit adds an explanation of the special cases where READ_ONCE()
may be used in place of a member of the rcu_dereference() family.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-11-02 17:07:15 -08:00
Ingo Molnar
b36c830f8c Merge branch 'for-mingo' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu into core/rcu
Pull v5.10 RCU changes from Paul E. McKenney:

- Debugging for smp_call_function().

- Strict grace periods for KASAN.  The point of this series is to find
  RCU-usage bugs, so the corresponding new RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD
  Kconfig option depends on both DEBUG_KERNEL and RCU_EXPERT, and is
  further disabled by dfefault.  Finally, the help text includes
  a goodly list of scary caveats.

- New smp_call_function() torture test.

- Torture-test updates.

- Documentation updates.

- Miscellaneous fixes.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2020-10-09 08:21:56 +02:00
Kees Cook
053f8fc7c1 docs: Fix function name trailing double-()s
I noticed a double-() in the deprecated.rst rendering today. Fix that
one and two others in the Documentation/ tree.

Acked-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org> # For RCU
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200817233207.4083538-1-keescook@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
2020-08-24 17:19:07 -06:00
Randy Dunlap
7f45d6f8ae doc: Drop doubled words from RCU requirements documentation
Drop the doubled words "to" and "for".

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Cc: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-08-24 14:29:17 -07:00
Randy Dunlap
1b98b7c5eb doc: Drop doubled words from RCU Data-Structures.rst
Drop the doubled word "the".

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Cc: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-08-24 14:29:17 -07:00
Tobias Klauser
77f808607a docs: Fix typo in synchronize_rcu() function name
s/sychronize_rcu/synchronize_rcu/

Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-08-24 14:29:16 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
8f0cb6660a These are the latest RCU bits for v5.9:
- kfree_rcu updates
   - RCU tasks updates
   - Read-side scalability tests
   - SRCU updates
   - Torture-test updates
   - Documentation updates
   - Miscellaneous fixes
 
 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'core-rcu-2020-08-03' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar:

 - kfree_rcu updates

 - RCU tasks updates

 - Read-side scalability tests

 - SRCU updates

 - Torture-test updates

 - Documentation updates

 - Miscellaneous fixes

* tag 'core-rcu-2020-08-03' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (109 commits)
  torture: Remove obsolete "cd $KVM"
  torture: Avoid duplicate specification of qemu command
  torture: Dump ftrace at shutdown only if requested
  torture: Add kvm-tranform.sh script for qemu-cmd files
  torture: Add more tracing crib notes to kvm.sh
  torture: Improve diagnostic for KCSAN-incapable compilers
  torture: Correctly summarize build-only runs
  torture: Pass --kmake-arg to all make invocations
  rcutorture: Check for unwatched readers
  torture: Abstract out console-log error detection
  torture: Add a stop-run capability
  torture: Create qemu-cmd in --buildonly runs
  rcu/rcutorture: Replace 0 with false
  torture: Add --allcpus argument to the kvm.sh script
  torture: Remove whitespace from identify_qemu_vcpus output
  rcutorture: NULL rcu_torture_current earlier in cleanup code
  rcutorture: Handle non-statistic bang-string error messages
  torture: Set configfile variable to current scenario
  rcutorture: Add races with task-exit processing
  locktorture: Use true and false to assign to bool variables
  ...
2020-08-03 14:31:33 -07:00
Will Deacon
8ca924aeb4 Documentation/barriers: Remove references to [smp_]read_barrier_depends()
The [smp_]read_barrier_depends() barrier macros no longer exist as
part of the Linux memory model, so remove all references to them from
the Documentation/ directory.

Although this is fairly mechanical on the whole, we drop the "CACHE
COHERENCY" section entirely from 'memory-barriers.txt' as it doesn't
make any sense now that the dependency barriers have been removed.

Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
2020-07-21 10:50:36 +01:00
Paul E. McKenney
d93d97cbe0 doc: Tasks RCU must protect instructions before trampoline
Protecting the code in a trampoline can also require protecting a
number of instructions prior to actually entering the trampoline.
For example, these earlier instructions might be computing the address
of the trampoline.  This commit therefore updates RCU's requirements to
record this for posterity.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200511154824.09a18c46@gandalf.local.home/
Reported-by: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney
b81898e3d2 doc: Timer problems can cause RCU CPU stall warnings
Over the past few years, there have been several cases where timekeeping
bugs have caused RCU CPU stall warnings, particularly during hardware
bringup.  This commit therefore adds such bugs to the list of things
that can result in RCU CPU stall warnings.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2d9c318bfd docs: RCU: Don't duplicate chapter names in rculist_nulls.rst
Since changeset 58ad30cf91 ("docs: fix reference to core-api/namespaces.rst"),
auto-references for chapters are generated. This is a nice feature, but
has a drawback: no chapters can have the same sumber.

So, we need to add two higher hierarchy chapters on this document,
in order to avoid such duplication.

Fixes: 58ad30cf91 ("docs: fix reference to core-api/namespaces.rst")
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
f2286ab995 docs: RCU: Convert stallwarn.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and section titles;
- Fix list markups;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add it to RCU/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
90c73cb2c6 docs: RCU: Convert rcuref.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document title;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add it to RCU/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
43cb5451df docs: RCU: Convert torture.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and section titles;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add it to RCU/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2cdb54c93a docs: RCU: Convert rculist_nulls.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document title;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add it to RCU/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
058cc23bca docs: RCU: Convert lockdep.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document title;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add it to RCU/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:11 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
a3b0a79f89 docs: RCU: Convert lockdep-splat.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header;
- Add a document title;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add it to RCU/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:10 -07:00
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
6b05dfacd7 docs: RCU: Convert checklist.txt to ReST
- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document title;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Use the right list markups;
- Add it to RCU/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29 11:58:10 -07:00
Paul E. McKenney
e4453d8a1c rcu: Make rcu_read_unlock_special() safe for rq/pi locks
The scheduler is currently required to hold rq/pi locks across the entire
RCU read-side critical section or not at all.  This is inconvenient and
leaves traps for the unwary, including the author of this commit.

But now that excessively long grace periods enable scheduling-clock
interrupts for holdout nohz_full CPUs, the nohz_full rescue logic in
rcu_read_unlock_special() can be dispensed with.  In other words, the
rcu_read_unlock_special() function can refrain from doing wakeups unless
such wakeups are guaranteed safe.

This commit therefore avoids unsafe wakeups, freeing the scheduler to
hold rq/pi locks across rcu_read_unlock() even if the corresponding RCU
read-side critical section might have been preempted.  This commit also
updates RCU's requirements documentation.

This commit is inspired by a patch from Lai Jiangshan:
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191102124559.1135-2-laijs@linux.alibaba.com
This commit is further intended to be a step towards his goal of permitting
the inlining of RCU-preempt's rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock().

Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-04-27 11:03:50 -07:00