Commit Graph

26 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Alexander Popov feee1b8c49 gcc-plugins/stackleak: Use asm instrumentation to avoid useless register saving
The kernel code instrumentation in stackleak gcc plugin works in two stages.
At first, stack tracking is added to GIMPLE representation of every function
(except some special cases). And later, when stack frame size info is
available, stack tracking is removed from the RTL representation of the
functions with small stack frame. There is an unwanted side-effect for these
functions: some of them do useless work with caller-saved registers.

As an example of such case, proc_sys_write without() instrumentation:
    55                      push   %rbp
    41 b8 01 00 00 00       mov    $0x1,%r8d
    48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp
    e8 11 ff ff ff          callq  ffffffff81284610 <proc_sys_call_handler>
    5d                      pop    %rbp
    c3                      retq
    0f 1f 44 00 00          nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
    66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00    nopw   %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
    00 00 00

proc_sys_write() with instrumentation:
    55                      push   %rbp
    48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp
    41 56                   push   %r14
    41 55                   push   %r13
    41 54                   push   %r12
    53                      push   %rbx
    49 89 f4                mov    %rsi,%r12
    48 89 fb                mov    %rdi,%rbx
    49 89 d5                mov    %rdx,%r13
    49 89 ce                mov    %rcx,%r14
    4c 89 f1                mov    %r14,%rcx
    4c 89 ea                mov    %r13,%rdx
    4c 89 e6                mov    %r12,%rsi
    48 89 df                mov    %rbx,%rdi
    41 b8 01 00 00 00       mov    $0x1,%r8d
    e8 f2 fe ff ff          callq  ffffffff81298e80 <proc_sys_call_handler>
    5b                      pop    %rbx
    41 5c                   pop    %r12
    41 5d                   pop    %r13
    41 5e                   pop    %r14
    5d                      pop    %rbp
    c3                      retq
    66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00    nopw   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
    00 00

Let's improve the instrumentation to avoid this:

1. Make stackleak_track_stack() save all register that it works with.
Use no_caller_saved_registers attribute for that function. This attribute
is available for x86_64 and i386 starting from gcc-7.

2. Insert calling stackleak_track_stack() in asm:
  asm volatile("call stackleak_track_stack" :: "r" (current_stack_pointer))
Here we use ASM_CALL_CONSTRAINT trick from arch/x86/include/asm/asm.h.
The input constraint is taken into account during gcc shrink-wrapping
optimization. It is needed to be sure that stackleak_track_stack() call is
inserted after the prologue of the containing function, when the stack
frame is prepared.

This work is a deep reengineering of the idea described on grsecurity blog
  https://grsecurity.net/resolving_an_unfortunate_stackleak_interaction

Signed-off-by: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com>
Acked-by: Miguel Ojeda <miguel.ojeda.sandonis@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200624123330.83226-5-alex.popov@linux.com
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2020-06-24 07:48:28 -07:00
Kees Cook 81a56f6dcd gcc-plugins: structleak: Generalize to all variable types
This adjusts structleak to also work with non-struct types when they
are passed by reference, since those variables may leak just like
anything else. This is exposed via an improved set of Kconfig options.
(This does mean structleak is slightly misnamed now.)

Building with CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_BYREF_ALL should give the
kernel complete initialization coverage of all stack variables passed
by reference, including padding (see lib/test_stackinit.c).

Using CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_VERBOSE to count added initializations
under defconfig:

	..._BYREF:      5945 added initializations
	..._BYREF_ALL: 16606 added initializations

There is virtually no change to text+data size (both have less than 0.05%
growth):

   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
19502103        5051456 1917000 26470559        193e89f vmlinux.stock
19513412        5051456 1908808 26473676        193f4cc vmlinux.byref
19516974        5047360 1900616 26464950        193d2b6 vmlinux.byref_all

The measured performance difference is in the noise for hackbench and
kernel build benchmarks:

Stock:

	5x hackbench -g 20 -l 1000
	Mean:   10.649s
	Std Dev: 0.339

	5x kernel build (4-way parallel)
	Mean:  261.98s
	Std Dev: 1.53

CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_BYREF:

	5x hackbench -g 20 -l 1000
	Mean:   10.540s
	Std Dev: 0.233

	5x kernel build (4-way parallel)
	Mean:  260.52s
	Std Dev: 1.31

CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_STRUCTLEAK_BYREF_ALL:

	5x hackbench -g 20 -l 1000
	Mean:   10.320
	Std Dev: 0.413

	5x kernel build (4-way parallel)
	Mean:  260.10
	Std Dev: 0.86

This does not yet solve missing padding initialization for structures
on the stack that are never passed by reference (which should be a tiny
minority). Hopefully this will be more easily addressed by upstream
compiler fixes after clarifying the C11 padding initialization
specification.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
2019-03-04 09:29:41 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 668c35f69c Kbuild updates for v4.21
Kbuild core:
  - remove unneeded $(call cc-option,...) switches
  - consolidate Clang compiler flags into CLANG_FLAGS
  - announce the deprecation of SUBDIRS
  - fix single target build for external module
  - simplify the dependencies of 'prepare' stage targets
  - allow fixdep to directly write to .*.cmd files
  - simplify dependency generation for CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
  - change if_changed_rule to accept multi-line recipe
  - move .SECONDARY special target to scripts/Kbuild.include
  - remove redundant 'set -e'
  - improve parallel execution for CONFIG_HEADERS_CHECK
  - misc cleanups
 
 Treewide fixes and cleanups
  - set Clang flags correctly for PowerPC boot images
  - fix UML build error with CONFIG_GCC_PLUGINS
  - remove unneeded patterns from .gitignore files
  - refactor firmware/Makefile
  - remove unneeded rules for *offsets.s
  - avoid unneeded regeneration of intermediate .s files
  - clean up ./Kbuild
 
 Modpost:
  - remove unused -M, -K options
  - fix false positive warnings about section mismatch
  - use simple devtable lookup instead of linker magic
  - misc cleanups
 
 Coccinelle:
  - relax boolinit.cocci checks for overall consistency
  - fix warning messages of boolinit.cocci
 
 Other tools:
  - improve -dirty check of scripts/setlocalversion
  - add a tool to generate compile_commands.json from .*.cmd files
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v4.21' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild

Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
 "Kbuild core:
   - remove unneeded $(call cc-option,...) switches
   - consolidate Clang compiler flags into CLANG_FLAGS
   - announce the deprecation of SUBDIRS
   - fix single target build for external module
   - simplify the dependencies of 'prepare' stage targets
   - allow fixdep to directly write to .*.cmd files
   - simplify dependency generation for CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
   - change if_changed_rule to accept multi-line recipe
   - move .SECONDARY special target to scripts/Kbuild.include
   - remove redundant 'set -e'
   - improve parallel execution for CONFIG_HEADERS_CHECK
   - misc cleanups

  Treewide fixes and cleanups
   - set Clang flags correctly for PowerPC boot images
   - fix UML build error with CONFIG_GCC_PLUGINS
   - remove unneeded patterns from .gitignore files
   - refactor firmware/Makefile
   - remove unneeded rules for *offsets.s
   - avoid unneeded regeneration of intermediate .s files
   - clean up ./Kbuild

  Modpost:
   - remove unused -M, -K options
   - fix false positive warnings about section mismatch
   - use simple devtable lookup instead of linker magic
   - misc cleanups

  Coccinelle:
   - relax boolinit.cocci checks for overall consistency
   - fix warning messages of boolinit.cocci

  Other tools:
   - improve -dirty check of scripts/setlocalversion
   - add a tool to generate compile_commands.json from .*.cmd files"

* tag 'kbuild-v4.21' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (51 commits)
  kbuild: remove unused cmd_gentimeconst
  kbuild: remove $(obj)/ prefixes in ./Kbuild
  treewide: add intermediate .s files to targets
  treewide: remove explicit rules for *offsets.s
  firmware: refactor firmware/Makefile
  firmware: remove unnecessary patterns from .gitignore
  scripts: remove unnecessary ihex2fw and check-lc_ctypes from .gitignore
  um: remove unused filechk_gen_header in Makefile
  scripts: add a tool to produce a compile_commands.json file
  kbuild: add -Werror=implicit-int flag unconditionally
  kbuild: add -Werror=strict-prototypes flag unconditionally
  kbuild: add -fno-PIE flag unconditionally
  scripts: coccinelle: Correct warning message
  scripts: coccinelle: only suggest true/false in files that already use them
  kbuild: handle part-of-module correctly for *.ll and *.symtypes
  kbuild: refactor part-of-module
  kbuild: refactor quiet_modtag
  kbuild: remove redundant quiet_modtag for $(obj-m)
  kbuild: refactor Makefile.asm-generic
  user/Makefile: Fix typo and capitalization in comment section
  ...
2018-12-29 12:03:17 -08:00
Ard Biesheuvel 189af46571 ARM: smp: add support for per-task stack canaries
On ARM, we currently only change the value of the stack canary when
switching tasks if the kernel was built for UP. On SMP kernels, this
is impossible since the stack canary value is obtained via a global
symbol reference, which means
a) all running tasks on all CPUs must use the same value
b) we can only modify the value when no kernel stack frames are live
   on any CPU, which is effectively never.

So instead, use a GCC plugin to add a RTL pass that replaces each
reference to the address of the __stack_chk_guard symbol with an
expression that produces the address of the 'stack_canary' field
that is added to struct thread_info. This way, each task will use
its own randomized value.

Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-12-12 13:20:07 -08:00
Masahiro Yamada ce2fd53a10 kbuild: descend into scripts/gcc-plugins/ via scripts/Makefile
Now that 'archprepare' depends on 'scripts', Kbuild can descend into
scripts/gcc-plugins in a more standard way.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-12-01 23:09:38 +09:00
Alexander Popov 10e9ae9fab gcc-plugins: Add STACKLEAK plugin for tracking the kernel stack
The STACKLEAK feature erases the kernel stack before returning from
syscalls. That reduces the information which kernel stack leak bugs can
reveal and blocks some uninitialized stack variable attacks.

This commit introduces the STACKLEAK gcc plugin. It is needed for
tracking the lowest border of the kernel stack, which is important
for the code erasing the used part of the kernel stack at the end
of syscalls (comes in a separate commit).

The STACKLEAK feature is ported from grsecurity/PaX. More information at:
  https://grsecurity.net/
  https://pax.grsecurity.net/

This code is modified from Brad Spengler/PaX Team's code in the last
public patch of grsecurity/PaX based on our understanding of the code.
Changes or omissions from the original code are ours and don't reflect
the original grsecurity/PaX code.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-09-04 10:35:47 -07:00
Kees Cook 7ccb95e8fe gcc-plugins: Regularize Makefile.gcc-plugins
The layout of Makefile.gcc-plugins had uneven tabs, and the long names
of things made this file a bit hard to quickly visually parse. This
breaks lines and moves options to the same tab depth. While we're at
it, this also adds some comments about the various sections.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-07-24 16:11:07 -07:00
Masahiro Yamada c17d6179ad gcc-plugins: remove unused GCC_PLUGIN_SUBDIR
GCC_PLUGIN_SUBDIR has never been used.  If you really need this in
the future, please re-add it then.

For now, the code is unused. Remove.

'export HOSTLIBS' is not necessary either.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-07-02 19:27:00 -07:00
Masahiro Yamada 59f53855ba gcc-plugins: test plugin support in Kconfig and clean up Makefile
Run scripts/gcc-plugin.sh from Kconfig so that users can enable
GCC_PLUGINS only when the compiler supports building plugins.

Kconfig defines a new symbol, PLUGIN_HOSTCC.  This will contain
the compiler (g++ or gcc) used for building plugins, or empty
if the plugin can not be supported at all.

This allows us to remove all ugly testing in Makefile.gcc-plugins.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-06-11 09:16:22 +09:00
Masahiro Yamada 8034c2fb12 gcc-plugins: move GCC version check for PowerPC to Kconfig
For PowerPC, GCC 5.2 is the requirement for GCC plugins.  Move the
version check to Kconfig so that the GCC plugin menus will be hidden
if an older compiler is in use.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-06-11 09:14:36 +09:00
Masahiro Yamada 5aadfdeb8d kcov: test compiler capability in Kconfig and correct dependency
As Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.txt notes, 'select' should be
be used with care - it forces a lower limit of another symbol, ignoring
the dependency.  Currently, KCOV can select GCC_PLUGINS even if arch
does not select HAVE_GCC_PLUGINS.  This could cause the unmet direct
dependency.

Now that Kconfig can test compiler capability, let's handle this in a
more sophisticated way.

There are two ways to enable KCOV; use the compiler that natively
supports -fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc, or build the SANCOV plugin if
the compiler has ability to build GCC plugins.  Hence, the correct
dependency for KCOV is:

  depends on CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC || GCC_PLUGINS

You do not need to build the SANCOV plugin if the compiler already
supports -fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc.  Hence, the select should be:

  select GCC_PLUGIN_SANCOV if !CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC

With this, GCC_PLUGIN_SANCOV is selected only when necessary, so
scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins can be cleaner.

I also cleaned up Kconfig and scripts/Makefile.kcov as well.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-06-11 09:14:08 +09:00
Masahiro Yamada 642ef99be9 gcc-plugins: fix build condition of SANCOV plugin
Since commit d677a4d601 ("Makefile: support flag
-fsanitizer-coverage=trace-cmp"), you miss to build the SANCOV
plugin under some circumstances.

  CONFIG_KCOV=y
  CONFIG_KCOV_ENABLE_COMPARISONS=y
  Your compiler does not support -fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc
  Your compiler does not support -fsanitize-coverage=trace-cmp

Under this condition, $(CFLAGS_KCOV) is not empty but contains a
space, so the following ifeq-conditional is false.

    ifeq ($(CFLAGS_KCOV),)

Then, scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins misses to add sancov_plugin.so to
gcc-plugin-y while the SANCOV plugin is necessary as an alternative
means.

Fixes: d677a4d601 ("Makefile: support flag -fsanitizer-coverage=trace-cmp")
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2018-05-05 10:24:52 +09:00
Greg Kroah-Hartman b24413180f License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-02 11:10:55 +01:00
Ard Biesheuvel f7dd250789 gcc-plugins: structleak: add option to init all vars used as byref args
In the Linux kernel, struct type variables are rarely passed by-value,
and so functions that initialize such variables typically take an input
reference to the variable rather than returning a value that can
subsequently be used in an assignment.

If the initalization function is not part of the same compilation unit,
the lack of an assignment operation defeats any analysis the compiler
can perform as to whether the variable may be used before having been
initialized. This means we may end up passing on such variables
uninitialized, resulting in potential information leaks.

So extend the existing structleak GCC plugin so it will [optionally]
apply to all struct type variables that have their address taken at any
point, rather than only to variables of struct types that have a __user
annotation.

Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2017-08-07 11:20:57 -07:00
Kees Cook 313dd1b629 gcc-plugins: Add the randstruct plugin
This randstruct plugin is modified from Brad Spengler/PaX Team's code
in the last public patch of grsecurity/PaX based on my understanding
of the code. Changes or omissions from the original code are mine and
don't reflect the original grsecurity/PaX code.

The randstruct GCC plugin randomizes the layout of selected structures
at compile time, as a probabilistic defense against attacks that need to
know the layout of structures within the kernel. This is most useful for
"in-house" kernel builds where neither the randomization seed nor other
build artifacts are made available to an attacker. While less useful for
distribution kernels (where the randomization seed must be exposed for
third party kernel module builds), it still has some value there since now
all kernel builds would need to be tracked by an attacker.

In more performance sensitive scenarios, GCC_PLUGIN_RANDSTRUCT_PERFORMANCE
can be selected to make a best effort to restrict randomization to
cacheline-sized groups of elements, and will not randomize bitfields. This
comes at the cost of reduced randomization.

Two annotations are defined,__randomize_layout and __no_randomize_layout,
which respectively tell the plugin to either randomize or not to
randomize instances of the struct in question. Follow-on patches enable
the auto-detection logic for selecting structures for randomization
that contain only function pointers. It is disabled here to assist with
bisection.

Since any randomized structs must be initialized using designated
initializers, __randomize_layout includes the __designated_init annotation
even when the plugin is disabled so that all builds will require
the needed initialization. (With the plugin enabled, annotations for
automatically chosen structures are marked as well.)

The main differences between this implemenation and grsecurity are:
- disable automatic struct selection (to be enabled in follow-up patch)
- add designated_init attribute at runtime and for manual marking
- clarify debugging output to differentiate bad cast warnings
- add whitelisting infrastructure
- support gcc 7's DECL_ALIGN and DECL_MODE changes (Laura Abbott)
- raise minimum required GCC version to 4.7

Earlier versions of this patch series were ported by Michael Leibowitz.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2017-06-22 16:15:45 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 38705613b7 powerpc updates for 4.11 part 1.
Highlights include:
 
  - Support for direct mapped LPC on POWER9, giving Linux direct access to
    devices that may be on there such as a UART.
 
  - Memory hotplug support for the Power9 Radix MMU.
 
  - Add new AUX vectors describing the processor's cache geometry, to be used by
    glibc.
 
  - The ability for a guest to ask the hypervisor to resize the guest's hash
    table, and in addition support for doing so automatically when memory is
    hotplugged into/out-of the guest. This allows the hash table to be sized
    based on the current memory usage of the guest, rather than the maximum
    possible memory usage.
 
  - Implementation of optprobes (kprobe optimisation) for powerpc.
 
 In addition there's the topic branch shared with the KVM tree, which includes
 support for guests to use the Radix MMU on Power9.
 
 Thanks to:
   Alistair Popple, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anju T, Anton Blanchard,
   Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Chris Packham, Daniel Axtens, Daniel Borkmann, David
   Gibson, Finn Thain, Gautham R. Shenoy, Gavin Shan, Greg Kurz, Joel Stanley,
   John Allen, Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Markus Elfring, Michael
   Neuling, Nathan Fontenot, Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Paul Mackerras, Ravi
   Bangoria, Reza Arbab, Shailendra Singh, Vaibhav Jain, Wei Yongjun.
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.11-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux

Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
 "Highlights include:

   - Support for direct mapped LPC on POWER9, giving Linux direct access
     to devices that may be on there such as a UART.

   - Memory hotplug support for the Power9 Radix MMU.

   - Add new AUX vectors describing the processor's cache geometry, to
     be used by glibc.

   - The ability for a guest to ask the hypervisor to resize the guest's
     hash table, and in addition support for doing so automatically when
     memory is hotplugged into/out-of the guest. This allows the hash
     table to be sized based on the current memory usage of the guest,
     rather than the maximum possible memory usage.

   - Implementation of optprobes (kprobe optimisation) for powerpc.

  In addition there's the topic branch shared with the KVM tree, which
  includes support for guests to use the Radix MMU on Power9.

  Thanks to:
    Alistair Popple, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anju T, Anton
    Blanchard, Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Chris Packham, Daniel Axtens,
    Daniel Borkmann, David Gibson, Finn Thain, Gautham R. Shenoy, Gavin
    Shan, Greg Kurz, Joel Stanley, John Allen, Madhavan Srinivasan,
    Mahesh Salgaonkar, Markus Elfring, Michael Neuling, Nathan Fontenot,
    Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Paul Mackerras, Ravi Bangoria, Reza
    Arbab, Shailendra Singh, Vaibhav Jain, Wei Yongjun"

* tag 'powerpc-4.11-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (129 commits)
  powerpc/mm/radix: Skip ptesync in pte update helpers
  powerpc/mm/radix: Use ptep_get_and_clear_full when clearing pte for full mm
  powerpc/mm/radix: Update pte update sequence for pte clear case
  powerpc/mm: Update PROTFAULT handling in the page fault path
  powerpc/xmon: Fix data-breakpoint
  powerpc/mm: Fix build break with BOOK3S_64=n and MEMORY_HOTPLUG=y
  powerpc/mm: Fix build break when CMA=n && SPAPR_TCE_IOMMU=y
  powerpc/mm: Fix build break with RADIX=y & HUGETLBFS=n
  powerpc/pseries: Fix typo in parameter description
  powerpc/kprobes: Remove kprobe_exceptions_notify()
  kprobes: Introduce weak variant of kprobe_exceptions_notify()
  powerpc/ftrace: Fix confusing help text for DISABLE_MPROFILE_KERNEL
  powerpc/powernv: Fix opal_exit tracepoint opcode
  powerpc: Add a prototype for mcount() so it can be versioned
  powerpc: Drop GPL from of_node_to_nid() export to match other arches
  powerpc/kprobes: Optimize kprobe in kretprobe_trampoline()
  powerpc/kprobes: Implement Optprobes
  powerpc/kprobes: Fixes for kprobe_lookup_name() on BE
  powerpc: Add helper to check if offset is within relative branch range
  powerpc/bpf: Introduce __PPC_SH64()
  ...
2017-02-22 10:30:38 -08:00
Andrew Donnellan 65c059bcaa powerpc: Enable support for GCC plugins
Enable support for GCC plugins on powerpc.

Add an additional version check in gcc-plugins-check to advise users to
upgrade to gcc 5.2+ on powerpc to avoid issues with header files (gcc <=
4.6) or missing copies of rs6000-cpus.def (4.8 to 5.1 on 64-bit
targets).

Signed-off-by: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2017-02-03 21:59:28 +11:00
Andrew Donnellan 7b4010edff gcc-plugins: Fix definition of DISABLE_LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN
The variable DISABLE_LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN is defined when
CONFIG_PAX_LATENT_ENTROPY is set. This is leftover from the original PaX
version of the plugin code and doesn't actually exist. Change the condition
to depend on CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_LATENT_ENTROPY instead.

Fixes: 38addce8b6 ("gcc-plugins: Add latent_entropy plugin")
Signed-off-by: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
2017-02-03 21:59:27 +11:00
Kees Cook c61f13eaa1 gcc-plugins: Add structleak for more stack initialization
This plugin detects any structures that contain __user attributes and
makes sure it is being fully initialized so that a specific class of
information exposure is eliminated. (This plugin was originally designed
to block the exposure of siginfo in CVE-2013-2141.)

Ported from grsecurity/PaX. This version adds a verbose option to the
plugin and the Kconfig.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2017-01-18 12:02:35 -08:00
Emese Revfy 38addce8b6 gcc-plugins: Add latent_entropy plugin
This adds a new gcc plugin named "latent_entropy". It is designed to
extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot time as
possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in CPU operation
(due to runtime data differences, hardware differences, SMP ordering,
thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).

At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example for
how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals.

The need for very-early boot entropy tends to be very architecture or
system design specific, so this plugin is more suited for those sorts
of special cases. The existing kernel RNG already attempts to extract
entropy from reliable runtime variation, but this plugin takes the idea to
a logical extreme by permuting a global variable based on any variation
in code execution (e.g. a different value (and permutation function)
is used to permute the global based on loop count, case statement,
if/then/else branching, etc).

To do this, the plugin starts by inserting a local variable in every
marked function. The plugin then adds logic so that the value of this
variable is modified by randomly chosen operations (add, xor and rol) and
random values (gcc generates separate static values for each location at
compile time and also injects the stack pointer at runtime). The resulting
value depends on the control flow path (e.g., loops and branches taken).

Before the function returns, the plugin mixes this local variable into
the latent_entropy global variable. The value of this global variable
is added to the kernel entropy pool in do_one_initcall() and _do_fork(),
though it does not credit any bytes of entropy to the pool; the contents
of the global are just used to mix the pool.

Additionally, the plugin can pre-initialize arrays with build-time
random contents, so that two different kernel builds running on identical
hardware will not have the same starting values.

Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
[kees: expanded commit message and code comments]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2016-10-10 14:51:44 -07:00
Emese Revfy caefd8c9a9 gcc-plugins: Add support for plugin subdirectories
This adds support for building more complex gcc plugins that live in a
subdirectory instead of just in a single source file.

Reported-by: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
[kees: clarified commit message]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2016-08-08 17:53:05 -07:00
Emese Revfy 65d59ec8ad gcc-plugins: Add support for passing plugin arguments
The latent_entropy plugin needs to pass arguments, so this adds the
support.

Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2016-08-08 17:49:05 -07:00
Kees Cook ed58c0e9ee gcc-plugins: abort builds cleanly when not supported
When the compiler doesn't support gcc plugins (either due to missing
headers or too old a version), report the problem and abort the build
instead of emitting a warning and letting the build founder with arcane
compiler errors.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
2016-08-08 17:49:05 -07:00
Emese Revfy 543c37cb16 Add sancov plugin
The sancov gcc plugin inserts a __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc() call
at the start of basic blocks.

This plugin is a helper plugin for the kcov feature. It supports
all gcc versions with plugin support (from gcc-4.5 on).
It is based on the gcc commit "Add fuzzing coverage support" by Dmitry Vyukov
(https://gcc.gnu.org/viewcvs/gcc?limit_changes=0&view=revision&revision=231296).

Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
2016-06-07 22:57:10 +02:00
Emese Revfy 0dae776c6b Add Cyclomatic complexity GCC plugin
Add a very simple plugin to demonstrate the GCC plugin infrastructure. This GCC
plugin computes the cyclomatic complexity of each function.

The complexity M of a function's control flow graph is defined as:
M = E - N + 2P
where
E = the number of edges
N = the number of nodes
P = the number of connected components (exit nodes).

Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
2016-06-07 22:57:10 +02:00
Emese Revfy 6b90bd4ba4 GCC plugin infrastructure
This patch allows to build the whole kernel with GCC plugins. It was ported from
grsecurity/PaX. The infrastructure supports building out-of-tree modules and
building in a separate directory. Cross-compilation is supported too.
Currently the x86, arm, arm64 and uml architectures enable plugins.

The directory of the gcc plugins is scripts/gcc-plugins. You can use a file or a directory
there. The plugins compile with these options:
 * -fno-rtti: gcc is compiled with this option so the plugins must use it too
 * -fno-exceptions: this is inherited from gcc too
 * -fasynchronous-unwind-tables: this is inherited from gcc too
 * -ggdb: it is useful for debugging a plugin (better backtrace on internal
    errors)
 * -Wno-narrowing: to suppress warnings from gcc headers (ipa-utils.h)
 * -Wno-unused-variable: to suppress warnings from gcc headers (gcc_version
    variable, plugin-version.h)

The infrastructure introduces a new Makefile target called gcc-plugins. It
supports all gcc versions from 4.5 to 6.0. The scripts/gcc-plugin.sh script
chooses the proper host compiler (gcc-4.7 can be built by either gcc or g++).
This script also checks the availability of the included headers in
scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h.

The gcc-common.h header contains frequently included headers for GCC plugins
and it has a compatibility layer for the supported gcc versions.

The gcc-generate-*-pass.h headers automatically generate the registration
structures for GIMPLE, SIMPLE_IPA, IPA and RTL passes.

Note that 'make clean' keeps the *.so files (only the distclean or mrproper
targets clean all) because they are needed for out-of-tree modules.

Based on work created by the PaX Team.

Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
2016-06-07 22:57:10 +02:00