Commit Graph

31 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Ard Biesheuvel e3a606f2c5 fsverity: relax build time dependency on CRYPTO_SHA256
CONFIG_CRYPTO_SHA256 denotes the generic C implementation of the SHA-256
shash algorithm, which is selected as the default crypto shash provider
for fsverity. However, fsverity has no strict link time dependency, and
the same shash could be exposed by an optimized implementation, and arm64
has a number of those (scalar, NEON-based and one based on special crypto
instructions). In such cases, it makes little sense to require that the
generic C implementation is incorporated as well, given that it will never
be called.

To address this, relax the 'select' clause to 'imply' so that the generic
driver can be omitted from the build if desired.

Acked-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
2021-04-22 17:31:32 +10:00
Linus Torvalds 7d6beb71da idmapped-mounts-v5.12
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Merge tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux

Pull idmapped mounts from Christian Brauner:
 "This introduces idmapped mounts which has been in the making for some
  time. Simply put, different mounts can expose the same file or
  directory with different ownership. This initial implementation comes
  with ports for fat, ext4 and with Christoph's port for xfs with more
  filesystems being actively worked on by independent people and
  maintainers.

  Idmapping mounts handle a wide range of long standing use-cases. Here
  are just a few:

   - Idmapped mounts make it possible to easily share files between
     multiple users or multiple machines especially in complex
     scenarios. For example, idmapped mounts will be used in the
     implementation of portable home directories in
     systemd-homed.service(8) where they allow users to move their home
     directory to an external storage device and use it on multiple
     computers where they are assigned different uids and gids. This
     effectively makes it possible to assign random uids and gids at
     login time.

   - It is possible to share files from the host with unprivileged
     containers without having to change ownership permanently through
     chown(2).

   - It is possible to idmap a container's rootfs and without having to
     mangle every file. For example, Chromebooks use it to share the
     user's Download folder with their unprivileged containers in their
     Linux subsystem.

   - It is possible to share files between containers with
     non-overlapping idmappings.

   - Filesystem that lack a proper concept of ownership such as fat can
     use idmapped mounts to implement discretionary access (DAC)
     permission checking.

   - They allow users to efficiently changing ownership on a per-mount
     basis without having to (recursively) chown(2) all files. In
     contrast to chown (2) changing ownership of large sets of files is
     instantenous with idmapped mounts. This is especially useful when
     ownership of a whole root filesystem of a virtual machine or
     container is changed. With idmapped mounts a single syscall
     mount_setattr syscall will be sufficient to change the ownership of
     all files.

   - Idmapped mounts always take the current ownership into account as
     idmappings specify what a given uid or gid is supposed to be mapped
     to. This contrasts with the chown(2) syscall which cannot by itself
     take the current ownership of the files it changes into account. It
     simply changes the ownership to the specified uid and gid. This is
     especially problematic when recursively chown(2)ing a large set of
     files which is commong with the aforementioned portable home
     directory and container and vm scenario.

   - Idmapped mounts allow to change ownership locally, restricting it
     to specific mounts, and temporarily as the ownership changes only
     apply as long as the mount exists.

  Several userspace projects have either already put up patches and
  pull-requests for this feature or will do so should you decide to pull
  this:

   - systemd: In a wide variety of scenarios but especially right away
     in their implementation of portable home directories.

         https://systemd.io/HOME_DIRECTORY/

   - container runtimes: containerd, runC, LXD:To share data between
     host and unprivileged containers, unprivileged and privileged
     containers, etc. The pull request for idmapped mounts support in
     containerd, the default Kubernetes runtime is already up for quite
     a while now: https://github.com/containerd/containerd/pull/4734

   - The virtio-fs developers and several users have expressed interest
     in using this feature with virtual machines once virtio-fs is
     ported.

   - ChromeOS: Sharing host-directories with unprivileged containers.

  I've tightly synced with all those projects and all of those listed
  here have also expressed their need/desire for this feature on the
  mailing list. For more info on how people use this there's a bunch of
  talks about this too. Here's just two recent ones:

      https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Rootless-Containers-in-Gitpod.pdf
      https://fosdem.org/2021/schedule/event/containers_idmap/

  This comes with an extensive xfstests suite covering both ext4 and
  xfs:

      https://git.kernel.org/brauner/xfstests-dev/h/idmapped_mounts

  It covers truncation, creation, opening, xattrs, vfscaps, setid
  execution, setgid inheritance and more both with idmapped and
  non-idmapped mounts. It already helped to discover an unrelated xfs
  setgid inheritance bug which has since been fixed in mainline. It will
  be sent for inclusion with the xfstests project should you decide to
  merge this.

  In order to support per-mount idmappings vfsmounts are marked with
  user namespaces. The idmapping of the user namespace will be used to
  map the ids of vfs objects when they are accessed through that mount.
  By default all vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace.
  The initial user namespace is used to indicate that a mount is not
  idmapped. All operations behave as before and this is verified in the
  testsuite.

  Based on prior discussions we want to attach the whole user namespace
  and not just a dedicated idmapping struct. This allows us to reuse all
  the helpers that already exist for dealing with idmappings instead of
  introducing a whole new range of helpers. In addition, if we decide in
  the future that we are confident enough to enable unprivileged users
  to setup idmapped mounts the permission checking can take into account
  whether the caller is privileged in the user namespace the mount is
  currently marked with.

  The user namespace the mount will be marked with can be specified by
  passing a file descriptor refering to the user namespace as an
  argument to the new mount_setattr() syscall together with the new
  MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP flag. The system call follows the openat2() pattern
  of extensibility.

  The following conditions must be met in order to create an idmapped
  mount:

   - The caller must currently have the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability in the
     user namespace the underlying filesystem has been mounted in.

   - The underlying filesystem must support idmapped mounts.

   - The mount must not already be idmapped. This also implies that the
     idmapping of a mount cannot be altered once it has been idmapped.

   - The mount must be a detached/anonymous mount, i.e. it must have
     been created by calling open_tree() with the OPEN_TREE_CLONE flag
     and it must not already have been visible in the filesystem.

  The last two points guarantee easier semantics for userspace and the
  kernel and make the implementation significantly simpler.

  By default vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace and no
  behavioral or performance changes are observed.

  The manpage with a detailed description can be found here:

      1d7b902e28

  In order to support idmapped mounts, filesystems need to be changed
  and mark themselves with the FS_ALLOW_IDMAP flag in fs_flags. The
  patches to convert individual filesystem are not very large or
  complicated overall as can be seen from the included fat, ext4, and
  xfs ports. Patches for other filesystems are actively worked on and
  will be sent out separately. The xfstestsuite can be used to verify
  that port has been done correctly.

  The mount_setattr() syscall is motivated independent of the idmapped
  mounts patches and it's been around since July 2019. One of the most
  valuable features of the new mount api is the ability to perform
  mounts based on file descriptors only.

  Together with the lookup restrictions available in the openat2()
  RESOLVE_* flag namespace which we added in v5.6 this is the first time
  we are close to hardened and race-free (e.g. symlinks) mounting and
  path resolution.

  While userspace has started porting to the new mount api to mount
  proper filesystems and create new bind-mounts it is currently not
  possible to change mount options of an already existing bind mount in
  the new mount api since the mount_setattr() syscall is missing.

  With the addition of the mount_setattr() syscall we remove this last
  restriction and userspace can now fully port to the new mount api,
  covering every use-case the old mount api could. We also add the
  crucial ability to recursively change mount options for a whole mount
  tree, both removing and adding mount options at the same time. This
  syscall has been requested multiple times by various people and
  projects.

  There is a simple tool available at

      https://github.com/brauner/mount-idmapped

  that allows to create idmapped mounts so people can play with this
  patch series. I'll add support for the regular mount binary should you
  decide to pull this in the following weeks:

  Here's an example to a simple idmapped mount of another user's home
  directory:

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo ./mount --idmap both:1000:1001:1 /home/ubuntu/ /mnt

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/
	total 28
	drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
	drwxr-xr-x 4 root   root   4096 Oct 28 04:00 ..
	-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
	-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu  220 Feb 25  2020 .bash_logout
	-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3771 Feb 25  2020 .bashrc
	-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu  807 Feb 25  2020 .profile
	-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu    0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
	-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/
	total 28
	drwxr-xr-x  2 u1001 u1001 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
	drwxr-xr-x 29 root  root  4096 Oct 28 22:01 ..
	-rw-------  1 u1001 u1001 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
	-rw-r--r--  1 u1001 u1001  220 Feb 25  2020 .bash_logout
	-rw-r--r--  1 u1001 u1001 3771 Feb 25  2020 .bashrc
	-rw-r--r--  1 u1001 u1001  807 Feb 25  2020 .profile
	-rw-r--r--  1 u1001 u1001    0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
	-rw-------  1 u1001 u1001 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ touch /mnt/my-file

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ setfacl -m u:1001:rwx /mnt/my-file

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo setcap -n 1001 cap_net_raw+ep /mnt/my-file

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/my-file
	-rw-rwxr--+ 1 u1001 u1001 0 Oct 28 22:14 /mnt/my-file

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/my-file
	-rw-rwxr--+ 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Oct 28 22:14 /home/ubuntu/my-file

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /mnt/my-file
	getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
	# file: mnt/my-file
	# owner: u1001
	# group: u1001
	user::rw-
	user:u1001:rwx
	group::rw-
	mask::rwx
	other::r--

	u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /home/ubuntu/my-file
	getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
	# file: home/ubuntu/my-file
	# owner: ubuntu
	# group: ubuntu
	user::rw-
	user:ubuntu:rwx
	group::rw-
	mask::rwx
	other::r--"

* tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux: (41 commits)
  xfs: remove the possibly unused mp variable in xfs_file_compat_ioctl
  xfs: support idmapped mounts
  ext4: support idmapped mounts
  fat: handle idmapped mounts
  tests: add mount_setattr() selftests
  fs: introduce MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP
  fs: add mount_setattr()
  fs: add attr_flags_to_mnt_flags helper
  fs: split out functions to hold writers
  namespace: only take read lock in do_reconfigure_mnt()
  mount: make {lock,unlock}_mount_hash() static
  namespace: take lock_mount_hash() directly when changing flags
  nfs: do not export idmapped mounts
  overlayfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
  ecryptfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
  ima: handle idmapped mounts
  apparmor: handle idmapped mounts
  fs: make helpers idmap mount aware
  exec: handle idmapped mounts
  would_dump: handle idmapped mounts
  ...
2021-02-23 13:39:45 -08:00
Eric Biggers 07c9900131 fs-verity: support reading signature with ioctl
Add support for FS_VERITY_METADATA_TYPE_SIGNATURE to
FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA.  This allows a userspace server program to
retrieve the built-in signature (if present) of a verity file for
serving to a client which implements fs-verity compatible verification.
See the patch which introduced FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA for more
details.

The ability for userspace to read the built-in signatures is also useful
because it allows a system that is using the in-kernel signature
verification to migrate to userspace signature verification.

This has been tested using a new xfstest which calls this ioctl via a
new subcommand for the 'fsverity' program from fsverity-utils.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-7-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2021-02-07 14:51:19 -08:00
Eric Biggers 947191ac8c fs-verity: support reading descriptor with ioctl
Add support for FS_VERITY_METADATA_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR to
FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA.  This allows a userspace server program to
retrieve the fs-verity descriptor of a file for serving to a client
which implements fs-verity compatible verification.  See the patch which
introduced FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA for more details.

"fs-verity descriptor" here means only the part that userspace cares
about because it is hashed to produce the file digest.  It doesn't
include the signature which ext4 and f2fs append to the
fsverity_descriptor struct when storing it on-disk, since that way of
storing the signature is an implementation detail.  The next patch adds
a separate metadata_type value for retrieving the signature separately.

This has been tested using a new xfstest which calls this ioctl via a
new subcommand for the 'fsverity' program from fsverity-utils.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-6-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2021-02-07 14:51:17 -08:00
Eric Biggers 622699cfe6 fs-verity: support reading Merkle tree with ioctl
Add support for FS_VERITY_METADATA_TYPE_MERKLE_TREE to
FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA.  This allows a userspace server program to
retrieve the Merkle tree of a verity file for serving to a client which
implements fs-verity compatible verification.  See the patch which
introduced FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA for more details.

This has been tested using a new xfstest which calls this ioctl via a
new subcommand for the 'fsverity' program from fsverity-utils.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-5-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2021-02-07 14:51:14 -08:00
Eric Biggers e17fe6579d fs-verity: add FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA ioctl
Add an ioctl FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA which will allow reading verity
metadata from a file that has fs-verity enabled, including:

- The Merkle tree
- The fsverity_descriptor (not including the signature if present)
- The built-in signature, if present

This ioctl has similar semantics to pread().  It is passed the type of
metadata to read (one of the above three), and a buffer, offset, and
size.  It returns the number of bytes read or an error.

Separate patches will add support for each of the above metadata types.
This patch just adds the ioctl itself.

This ioctl doesn't make any assumption about where the metadata is
stored on-disk.  It does assume the metadata is in a stable format, but
that's basically already the case:

- The Merkle tree and fsverity_descriptor are defined by how fs-verity
  file digests are computed; see the "File digest computation" section
  of Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst.  Technically, the way in
  which the levels of the tree are ordered relative to each other wasn't
  previously specified, but it's logical to put the root level first.

- The built-in signature is the value passed to FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY.

This ioctl is useful because it allows writing a server program that
takes a verity file and serves it to a client program, such that the
client can do its own fs-verity compatible verification of the file.
This only makes sense if the client doesn't trust the server and if the
server needs to provide the storage for the client.

More concretely, there is interest in using this ability in Android to
export APK files (which are protected by fs-verity) to "protected VMs".
This would use Protected KVM (https://lwn.net/Articles/836693), which
provides an isolated execution environment without having to trust the
traditional "host".  A "guest" VM can boot from a signed image and
perform specific tasks in a minimum trusted environment using files that
have fs-verity enabled on the host, without trusting the host or
requiring that the guest has its own trusted storage.

Technically, it would be possible to duplicate the metadata and store it
in separate files for serving.  However, that would be less efficient
and would require extra care in userspace to maintain file consistency.

In addition to the above, the ability to read the built-in signatures is
useful because it allows a system that is using the in-kernel signature
verification to migrate to userspace signature verification.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-4-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Acked-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2021-02-07 14:51:11 -08:00
Eric Biggers fab634c4de fs-verity: don't pass whole descriptor to fsverity_verify_signature()
Now that fsverity_get_descriptor() validates the sig_size field,
fsverity_verify_signature() doesn't need to do it.

Just change the prototype of fsverity_verify_signature() to take the
signature directly rather than take a fsverity_descriptor.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-3-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Amy Parker <enbyamy@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2021-02-07 14:51:09 -08:00
Eric Biggers c2c8261151 fs-verity: factor out fsverity_get_descriptor()
The FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA ioctl will need to return the fs-verity
descriptor (and signature) to userspace.

There are a few ways we could implement this:

- Save a copy of the descriptor (and signature) in the fsverity_info
  struct that hangs off of the in-memory inode.  However, this would
  waste memory since most of the time it wouldn't be needed.

- Regenerate the descriptor from the merkle_tree_params in the
  fsverity_info.  However, this wouldn't work for the signature, nor for
  the salt which the merkle_tree_params only contains indirectly as part
  of the 'hashstate'.  It would also be error-prone.

- Just get them from the filesystem again.  The disadvantage is that in
  general we can't trust that they haven't been maliciously changed
  since the file has opened.  However, the use cases for
  FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA don't require that it verifies the chain
  of trust.  So this is okay as long as we do some basic validation.

In preparation for implementing the third option, factor out a helper
function fsverity_get_descriptor() which gets the descriptor (and
appended signature) from the filesystem and does some basic validation.

As part of this, start checking the sig_size field for overflow.
Currently fsverity_verify_signature() does this.  But the new ioctl will
need this too, so do it earlier.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-2-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2021-02-07 14:51:03 -08:00
Christian Brauner 02f92b3868
fs: add file and path permissions helpers
Add two simple helpers to check permissions on a file and path
respectively and convert over some callers. It simplifies quite a few
codepaths and also reduces the churn in later patches quite a bit.
Christoph also correctly points out that this makes codepaths (e.g.
ioctls) way easier to follow that would otherwise have to do more
complex argument passing than necessary.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210121131959.646623-4-christian.brauner@ubuntu.com
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: James Morris <jamorris@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
2021-01-24 14:27:16 +01:00
Linus Torvalds 9e4b0d55d8 Merge branch 'linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6
Pull crypto updates from Herbert Xu:
 "API:
   - Add speed testing on 1420-byte blocks for networking

  Algorithms:
   - Improve performance of chacha on ARM for network packets
   - Improve performance of aegis128 on ARM for network packets

  Drivers:
   - Add support for Keem Bay OCS AES/SM4
   - Add support for QAT 4xxx devices
   - Enable crypto-engine retry mechanism in caam
   - Enable support for crypto engine on sdm845 in qce
   - Add HiSilicon PRNG driver support"

* 'linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6: (161 commits)
  crypto: qat - add capability detection logic in qat_4xxx
  crypto: qat - add AES-XTS support for QAT GEN4 devices
  crypto: qat - add AES-CTR support for QAT GEN4 devices
  crypto: atmel-i2c - select CONFIG_BITREVERSE
  crypto: hisilicon/trng - replace atomic_add_return()
  crypto: keembay - Add support for Keem Bay OCS AES/SM4
  dt-bindings: Add Keem Bay OCS AES bindings
  crypto: aegis128 - avoid spurious references crypto_aegis128_update_simd
  crypto: seed - remove trailing semicolon in macro definition
  crypto: x86/poly1305 - Use TEST %reg,%reg instead of CMP $0,%reg
  crypto: x86/sha512 - Use TEST %reg,%reg instead of CMP $0,%reg
  crypto: aesni - Use TEST %reg,%reg instead of CMP $0,%reg
  crypto: cpt - Fix sparse warnings in cptpf
  hwrng: ks-sa - Add dependency on IOMEM and OF
  crypto: lib/blake2s - Move selftest prototype into header file
  crypto: arm/aes-ce - work around Cortex-A57/A72 silion errata
  crypto: ecdh - avoid unaligned accesses in ecdh_set_secret()
  crypto: ccree - rework cache parameters handling
  crypto: cavium - Use dma_set_mask_and_coherent to simplify code
  crypto: marvell/octeontx - Use dma_set_mask_and_coherent to simplify code
  ...
2020-12-14 12:18:19 -08:00
Eric Biggers bde4933490 fs-verity: move structs needed for file signing to UAPI header
Although it isn't used directly by the ioctls,
"struct fsverity_descriptor" is required by userspace programs that need
to compute fs-verity file digests in a standalone way.  Therefore
it's also needed to sign files in a standalone way.

Similarly, "struct fsverity_formatted_digest" (previously called
"struct fsverity_signed_digest" which was misleading) is also needed to
sign files if the built-in signature verification is being used.

Therefore, move these structs to the UAPI header.

While doing this, try to make it clear that the signature-related fields
in fsverity_descriptor aren't used in the file digest computation.

Acked-by: Luca Boccassi <luca.boccassi@microsoft.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201113211918.71883-5-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-11-23 19:30:14 -08:00
Eric Biggers a24d22b225 crypto: sha - split sha.h into sha1.h and sha2.h
Currently <crypto/sha.h> contains declarations for both SHA-1 and SHA-2,
and <crypto/sha3.h> contains declarations for SHA-3.

This organization is inconsistent, but more importantly SHA-1 is no
longer considered to be cryptographically secure.  So to the extent
possible, SHA-1 shouldn't be grouped together with any of the other SHA
versions, and usage of it should be phased out.

Therefore, split <crypto/sha.h> into two headers <crypto/sha1.h> and
<crypto/sha2.h>, and make everyone explicitly specify whether they want
the declarations for SHA-1, SHA-2, or both.

This avoids making the SHA-1 declarations visible to files that don't
want anything to do with SHA-1.  It also prepares for potentially moving
sha1.h into a new insecure/ or dangerous/ directory.

Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
2020-11-20 14:45:33 +11:00
Eric Biggers ed45e20164 fs-verity: rename "file measurement" to "file digest"
I originally chose the name "file measurement" to refer to the fs-verity
file digest to avoid confusion with traditional full-file digests or
with the bare root hash of the Merkle tree.

But the name "file measurement" hasn't caught on, and usually people are
calling it something else, usually the "file digest".  E.g. see
"struct fsverity_digest" and "struct fsverity_formatted_digest", the
libfsverity_compute_digest() and libfsverity_sign_digest() functions in
libfsverity, and the "fsverity digest" command.

Having multiple names for the same thing is always confusing.

So to hopefully avoid confusion in the future, rename
"fs-verity file measurement" to "fs-verity file digest".

This leaves FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY as the only reference to "measure" in
the kernel, which makes some amount of sense since the ioctl is actively
"measuring" the file.

I'll be renaming this in fsverity-utils too (though similarly the
'fsverity measure' command, which is a wrapper for
FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY, will stay).

Acked-by: Luca Boccassi <luca.boccassi@microsoft.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201113211918.71883-4-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-11-16 11:40:12 -08:00
Eric Biggers 9e90f30e78 fs-verity: rename fsverity_signed_digest to fsverity_formatted_digest
The name "struct fsverity_signed_digest" is causing confusion because it
isn't actually a signed digest, but rather it's the way that the digest
is formatted in order to be signed.  Rename it to
"struct fsverity_formatted_digest" to prevent this confusion.

Also update the struct's comment to clarify that it's specific to the
built-in signature verification support and isn't a requirement for all
fs-verity users.

I'll be renaming this struct in fsverity-utils too.

Acked-by: Luca Boccassi <luca.boccassi@microsoft.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201113211918.71883-3-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-11-16 11:40:11 -08:00
Eric Biggers 7bf765dd84 fs-verity: remove filenames from file comments
Embedding the file path inside kernel source code files isn't
particularly useful as often files are moved around and the paths become
incorrect.  checkpatch.pl warns about this since v5.10-rc1.

Acked-by: Luca Boccassi <luca.boccassi@microsoft.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201113211918.71883-2-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-11-16 11:40:10 -08:00
Eric Biggers f3db0bed45 fs-verity: use smp_load_acquire() for ->i_verity_info
Normally smp_store_release() or cmpxchg_release() is paired with
smp_load_acquire().  Sometimes smp_load_acquire() can be replaced with
the more lightweight READ_ONCE().  However, for this to be safe, all the
published memory must only be accessed in a way that involves the
pointer itself.  This may not be the case if allocating the object also
involves initializing a static or global variable, for example.

fsverity_info::tree_params.hash_alg->tfm is a crypto_ahash object that's
internal to and is allocated by the crypto subsystem.  So by using
READ_ONCE() for ->i_verity_info, we're relying on internal
implementation details of the crypto subsystem.

Remove this fragile assumption by using smp_load_acquire() instead.

Also fix the cmpxchg logic to correctly execute an ACQUIRE barrier when
losing the cmpxchg race, since cmpxchg doesn't guarantee a memory
barrier on failure.

(Note: I haven't seen any real-world problems here.  This change is just
fixing the code to be guaranteed correct and less fragile.)

Fixes: fd2d1acfca ("fs-verity: add the hook for file ->open()")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200721225920.114347-6-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-07-21 16:02:41 -07:00
Eric Biggers 9cd6b593cf fs-verity: remove unnecessary extern keywords
Remove the unnecessary 'extern' keywords from function declarations.
This makes it so that we don't have a mix of both styles, so it won't be
ambiguous what to use in new fs-verity patches.  This also makes the
code shorter and matches the 'checkpatch --strict' expectation.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200511192118.71427-3-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-05-12 16:44:00 -07:00
Eric Biggers 6377a38bd3 fs-verity: fix all kerneldoc warnings
Fix all kerneldoc warnings in fs/verity/ and include/linux/fsverity.h.
Most of these were due to missing documentation for function parameters.

Detected with:

    scripts/kernel-doc -v -none fs/verity/*.{c,h} include/linux/fsverity.h

This cleanup makes it possible to check new patches for kerneldoc
warnings without having to filter out all the existing ones.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200511192118.71427-2-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-05-12 16:43:59 -07:00
Eric Biggers da3a3da4e6 fs-verity: use u64_to_user_ptr()
<linux/kernel.h> already provides a macro u64_to_user_ptr().
Use it instead of open-coding the two casts.

No change in behavior.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191231175408.20524-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-01-14 13:28:28 -08:00
Eric Biggers 439bea104c fs-verity: use mempool for hash requests
When initializing an fs-verity hash algorithm, also initialize a mempool
that contains a single preallocated hash request object.  Then replace
the direct calls to ahash_request_alloc() and ahash_request_free() with
allocating and freeing from this mempool.

This eliminates the possibility of the allocation failing, which is
desirable for the I/O path.

This doesn't cause deadlocks because there's no case where multiple hash
requests are needed at a time to make forward progress.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191231175545.20709-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-01-14 13:28:05 -08:00
Eric Biggers fd39073dba fs-verity: implement readahead of Merkle tree pages
When fs-verity verifies data pages, currently it reads each Merkle tree
page synchronously using read_mapping_page().

Therefore, when the Merkle tree pages aren't already cached, fs-verity
causes an extra 4 KiB I/O request for every 512 KiB of data (assuming
that the Merkle tree uses SHA-256 and 4 KiB blocks).  This results in
more I/O requests and performance loss than is strictly necessary.

Therefore, implement readahead of the Merkle tree pages.

For simplicity, we take advantage of the fact that the kernel already
does readahead of the file's *data*, just like it does for any other
file.  Due to this, we don't really need a separate readahead state
(struct file_ra_state) just for the Merkle tree, but rather we just need
to piggy-back on the existing data readahead requests.

We also only really need to bother with the first level of the Merkle
tree, since the usual fan-out factor is 128, so normally over 99% of
Merkle tree I/O requests are for the first level.

Therefore, make fsverity_verify_bio() enable readahead of the first
Merkle tree level, for up to 1/4 the number of pages in the bio, when it
sees that the REQ_RAHEAD flag is set on the bio.  The readahead size is
then passed down to ->read_merkle_tree_page() for the filesystem to
(optionally) implement if it sees that the requested page is uncached.

While we're at it, also make build_merkle_tree_level() set the Merkle
tree readahead size, since it's easy to do there.

However, for now don't set the readahead size in fsverity_verify_page(),
since currently it's only used to verify holes on ext4 and f2fs, and it
would need parameters added to know how much to read ahead.

This patch significantly improves fs-verity sequential read performance.
Some quick benchmarks with 'cat'-ing a 250MB file after dropping caches:

    On an ARM64 phone (using sha256-ce):
        Before: 217 MB/s
        After: 263 MB/s
        (compare to sha256sum of non-verity file: 357 MB/s)

    In an x86_64 VM (using sha256-avx2):
        Before: 173 MB/s
        After: 215 MB/s
        (compare to sha256sum of non-verity file: 223 MB/s)

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200106205533.137005-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-01-14 13:27:32 -08:00
Eric Biggers c22415d333 fs-verity: implement readahead for FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY
When it builds the first level of the Merkle tree, FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY
sequentially reads each page of the file using read_mapping_page().
This works fine if the file's data is already in pagecache, which should
normally be the case, since this ioctl is normally used immediately
after writing out the file.

But in any other case this implementation performs very poorly, since
only one page is read at a time.

Fix this by implementing readahead using the functions from
mm/readahead.c.

This improves performance in the uncached case by about 20x, as seen in
the following benchmarks done on a 250MB file (on x86_64 with SHA-NI):

    FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY uncached (before) 3.299s
    FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY uncached (after)  0.160s
    FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY cached            0.147s
    sha256sum uncached                     0.191s
    sha256sum cached                       0.145s

Note: we could instead switch to kernel_read().  But that would mean
we'd no longer be hashing the data directly from the pagecache, which is
a nice optimization of its own.  And using kernel_read() would require
allocating another temporary buffer, hashing the data and tree pages
separately, and explicitly zero-padding the last page -- so it wouldn't
really be any simpler than direct pagecache access, at least for now.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200106205410.136707-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2020-01-14 13:27:32 -08:00
Pankaj Bharadiya c593642c8b treewide: Use sizeof_field() macro
Replace all the occurrences of FIELD_SIZEOF() with sizeof_field() except
at places where these are defined. Later patches will remove the unused
definition of FIELD_SIZEOF().

This patch is generated using following script:

EXCLUDE_FILES="include/linux/stddef.h|include/linux/kernel.h"

git grep -l -e "\bFIELD_SIZEOF\b" | while read file;
do

	if [[ "$file" =~ $EXCLUDE_FILES ]]; then
		continue
	fi
	sed -i  -e 's/\bFIELD_SIZEOF\b/sizeof_field/g' $file;
done

Signed-off-by: Pankaj Bharadiya <pankaj.laxminarayan.bharadiya@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190924105839.110713-3-pankaj.laxminarayan.bharadiya@intel.com
Co-developed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> # for net
2019-12-09 10:36:44 -08:00
Eric Biggers 432434c9f8 fs-verity: support builtin file signatures
To meet some users' needs, add optional support for having fs-verity
handle a portion of the authentication policy in the kernel.  An
".fs-verity" keyring is created to which X.509 certificates can be
added; then a sysctl 'fs.verity.require_signatures' can be set to cause
the kernel to enforce that all fs-verity files contain a signature of
their file measurement by a key in this keyring.

See the "Built-in signature verification" section of
Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst for the full documentation.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-08-12 19:33:50 -07:00
Eric Biggers add890c9f9 fs-verity: add SHA-512 support
Add SHA-512 support to fs-verity.  This is primarily a demonstration of
the trivial changes needed to support a new hash algorithm in fs-verity;
most users will still use SHA-256, due to the smaller space required to
store the hashes.  But some users may prefer SHA-512.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-08-12 19:33:50 -07:00
Eric Biggers 4dd893d832 fs-verity: implement FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY ioctl
Add a function for filesystems to call to implement the
FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY ioctl.  This ioctl retrieves the file measurement
that fs-verity calculated for the given file and is enforcing for reads;
i.e., reads that don't match this hash will fail.  This ioctl can be
used for authentication or logging of file measurements in userspace.

See the "FS_IOC_MEASURE_VERITY" section of
Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst for the documentation.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-08-12 19:33:50 -07:00
Eric Biggers 3fda4c617e fs-verity: implement FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY ioctl
Add a function for filesystems to call to implement the
FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY ioctl.  This ioctl enables fs-verity on a file.

See the "FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY" section of
Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst for the documentation.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-08-12 19:33:50 -07:00
Eric Biggers 8a1d0f9cac fs-verity: add data verification hooks for ->readpages()
Add functions that verify data pages that have been read from a
fs-verity file, against that file's Merkle tree.  These will be called
from filesystems' ->readpage() and ->readpages() methods.

Since data verification can block, a workqueue is provided for these
methods to enqueue verification work from their bio completion callback.

See the "Verifying data" section of
Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst for more information.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-07-28 16:59:16 -07:00
Eric Biggers c1d9b584e2 fs-verity: add the hook for file ->setattr()
Add a function fsverity_prepare_setattr() which filesystems that support
fs-verity must call to deny truncates of verity files.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-07-28 16:59:16 -07:00
Eric Biggers fd2d1acfca fs-verity: add the hook for file ->open()
Add the fsverity_file_open() function, which prepares an fs-verity file
to be read from.  If not already done, it loads the fs-verity descriptor
from the filesystem and sets up an fsverity_info structure for the inode
which describes the Merkle tree and contains the file measurement.  It
also denies all attempts to open verity files for writing.

This commit also begins the include/linux/fsverity.h header, which
declares the interface between fs/verity/ and filesystems.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-07-28 16:59:16 -07:00
Eric Biggers 671e67b47e fs-verity: add Kconfig and the helper functions for hashing
Add the beginnings of the fs/verity/ support layer, including the
Kconfig option and various helper functions for hashing.  To start, only
SHA-256 is supported, but other hash algorithms can easily be added.

Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2019-07-28 16:59:16 -07:00