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![Greg Kroah-Hartman](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
164 lines
4.7 KiB
C
164 lines
4.7 KiB
C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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/*
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* linux/fs/ext4/fsync.c
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*
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* Copyright (C) 1993 Stephen Tweedie (sct@redhat.com)
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* from
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* Copyright (C) 1992 Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
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* Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
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* Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
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* from
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* linux/fs/minix/truncate.c Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
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*
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* ext4fs fsync primitive
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*
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* Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
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* David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
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*
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* Removed unnecessary code duplication for little endian machines
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* and excessive __inline__s.
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* Andi Kleen, 1997
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*
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* Major simplications and cleanup - we only need to do the metadata, because
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* we can depend on generic_block_fdatasync() to sync the data blocks.
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*/
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#include <linux/time.h>
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#include <linux/fs.h>
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#include <linux/sched.h>
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#include <linux/writeback.h>
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#include <linux/blkdev.h>
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#include "ext4.h"
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#include "ext4_jbd2.h"
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#include <trace/events/ext4.h>
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/*
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* If we're not journaling and this is a just-created file, we have to
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* sync our parent directory (if it was freshly created) since
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* otherwise it will only be written by writeback, leaving a huge
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* window during which a crash may lose the file. This may apply for
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* the parent directory's parent as well, and so on recursively, if
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* they are also freshly created.
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*/
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static int ext4_sync_parent(struct inode *inode)
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{
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struct dentry *dentry = NULL;
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struct inode *next;
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int ret = 0;
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if (!ext4_test_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_NEWENTRY))
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return 0;
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inode = igrab(inode);
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while (ext4_test_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_NEWENTRY)) {
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ext4_clear_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_NEWENTRY);
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dentry = d_find_any_alias(inode);
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if (!dentry)
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break;
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next = igrab(d_inode(dentry->d_parent));
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dput(dentry);
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if (!next)
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break;
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iput(inode);
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inode = next;
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/*
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* The directory inode may have gone through rmdir by now. But
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* the inode itself and its blocks are still allocated (we hold
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* a reference to the inode so it didn't go through
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* ext4_evict_inode()) and so we are safe to flush metadata
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* blocks and the inode.
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*/
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ret = sync_mapping_buffers(inode->i_mapping);
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if (ret)
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break;
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ret = sync_inode_metadata(inode, 1);
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if (ret)
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break;
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}
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iput(inode);
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return ret;
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}
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/*
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* akpm: A new design for ext4_sync_file().
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*
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* This is only called from sys_fsync(), sys_fdatasync() and sys_msync().
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* There cannot be a transaction open by this task.
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* Another task could have dirtied this inode. Its data can be in any
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* state in the journalling system.
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*
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* What we do is just kick off a commit and wait on it. This will snapshot the
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* inode to disk.
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*/
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int ext4_sync_file(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync)
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{
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struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
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struct ext4_inode_info *ei = EXT4_I(inode);
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journal_t *journal = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_journal;
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int ret = 0, err;
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tid_t commit_tid;
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bool needs_barrier = false;
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if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb))))
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return -EIO;
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J_ASSERT(ext4_journal_current_handle() == NULL);
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trace_ext4_sync_file_enter(file, datasync);
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if (sb_rdonly(inode->i_sb)) {
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/* Make sure that we read updated s_mount_flags value */
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smp_rmb();
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if (EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_mount_flags & EXT4_MF_FS_ABORTED)
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ret = -EROFS;
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goto out;
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}
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if (!journal) {
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ret = __generic_file_fsync(file, start, end, datasync);
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if (!ret)
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ret = ext4_sync_parent(inode);
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if (test_opt(inode->i_sb, BARRIER))
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goto issue_flush;
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goto out;
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}
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ret = file_write_and_wait_range(file, start, end);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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/*
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* data=writeback,ordered:
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* The caller's filemap_fdatawrite()/wait will sync the data.
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* Metadata is in the journal, we wait for proper transaction to
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* commit here.
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*
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* data=journal:
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* filemap_fdatawrite won't do anything (the buffers are clean).
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* ext4_force_commit will write the file data into the journal and
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* will wait on that.
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* filemap_fdatawait() will encounter a ton of newly-dirtied pages
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* (they were dirtied by commit). But that's OK - the blocks are
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* safe in-journal, which is all fsync() needs to ensure.
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*/
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if (ext4_should_journal_data(inode)) {
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ret = ext4_force_commit(inode->i_sb);
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goto out;
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}
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commit_tid = datasync ? ei->i_datasync_tid : ei->i_sync_tid;
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if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER &&
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!jbd2_trans_will_send_data_barrier(journal, commit_tid))
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needs_barrier = true;
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ret = jbd2_complete_transaction(journal, commit_tid);
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if (needs_barrier) {
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issue_flush:
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err = blkdev_issue_flush(inode->i_sb->s_bdev, GFP_KERNEL, NULL);
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if (!ret)
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ret = err;
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}
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out:
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trace_ext4_sync_file_exit(inode, ret);
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return ret;
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}
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