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![Andrzej Hajda](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
kstrdup() is often used to duplicate strings where neither source neither destination will be ever modified. In such case we can just reuse the source instead of duplicating it. The problem is that we must be sure that the source is non-modifiable and its life-time is long enough. I suspect the good candidates for such strings are strings located in kernel .rodata section, they cannot be modifed because the section is read-only and their life-time is equal to kernel life-time. This small patchset proposes alternative version of kstrdup - kstrdup_const, which returns source string if it is located in .rodata otherwise it fallbacks to kstrdup. To verify if the source is in .rodata function checks if the address is between sentinels __start_rodata, __end_rodata. I guess it should work with all architectures. The main patch is accompanied by four patches constifying kstrdup for cases where situtation described above happens frequently. I have tested the patchset on mobile platform (exynos4210-trats) and it saves 3272 string allocations. Since minimal allocation is 32 or 64 bytes depending on Kconfig options the patchset saves respectively about 100KB or 200KB of memory. Stats from tested platform show that the main offender is sysfs: By caller: 2260 __kernfs_new_node 631 clk_register+0xc8/0x1b8 318 clk_register+0x34/0x1b8 51 kmem_cache_create 12 alloc_vfsmnt By string (with count >= 5): 883 power 876 subsystem 135 parameters 132 device 61 iommu_group ... This patch (of 5): Add an alternative version of kstrdup which returns pointer to constant char array. The function checks if input string is in persistent and read-only memory section, if yes it returns the input string, otherwise it fallbacks to kstrdup. kstrdup_const is accompanied by kfree_const performing conditional memory deallocation of the string. Signed-off-by: Andrzej Hajda <a.hajda@samsung.com> Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> Cc: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com> Cc: Mike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
434 lines
10 KiB
C
434 lines
10 KiB
C
#include <linux/mm.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <linux/string.h>
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#include <linux/compiler.h>
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#include <linux/export.h>
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#include <linux/err.h>
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#include <linux/sched.h>
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#include <linux/security.h>
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#include <linux/swap.h>
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#include <linux/swapops.h>
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#include <linux/mman.h>
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#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
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#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
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#include <asm/sections.h>
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#include <asm/uaccess.h>
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#include "internal.h"
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static inline int is_kernel_rodata(unsigned long addr)
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{
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return addr >= (unsigned long)__start_rodata &&
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addr < (unsigned long)__end_rodata;
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}
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/**
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* kfree_const - conditionally free memory
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* @x: pointer to the memory
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*
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* Function calls kfree only if @x is not in .rodata section.
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*/
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void kfree_const(const void *x)
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{
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if (!is_kernel_rodata((unsigned long)x))
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kfree(x);
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree_const);
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/**
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* kstrdup - allocate space for and copy an existing string
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* @s: the string to duplicate
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* @gfp: the GFP mask used in the kmalloc() call when allocating memory
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*/
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char *kstrdup(const char *s, gfp_t gfp)
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{
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size_t len;
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char *buf;
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if (!s)
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return NULL;
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len = strlen(s) + 1;
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buf = kmalloc_track_caller(len, gfp);
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if (buf)
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memcpy(buf, s, len);
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return buf;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(kstrdup);
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/**
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* kstrdup_const - conditionally duplicate an existing const string
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* @s: the string to duplicate
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* @gfp: the GFP mask used in the kmalloc() call when allocating memory
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*
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* Function returns source string if it is in .rodata section otherwise it
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* fallbacks to kstrdup.
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* Strings allocated by kstrdup_const should be freed by kfree_const.
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*/
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const char *kstrdup_const(const char *s, gfp_t gfp)
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{
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if (is_kernel_rodata((unsigned long)s))
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return s;
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return kstrdup(s, gfp);
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(kstrdup_const);
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/**
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* kstrndup - allocate space for and copy an existing string
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* @s: the string to duplicate
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* @max: read at most @max chars from @s
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* @gfp: the GFP mask used in the kmalloc() call when allocating memory
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*/
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char *kstrndup(const char *s, size_t max, gfp_t gfp)
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{
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size_t len;
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char *buf;
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if (!s)
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return NULL;
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len = strnlen(s, max);
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buf = kmalloc_track_caller(len+1, gfp);
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if (buf) {
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memcpy(buf, s, len);
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buf[len] = '\0';
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}
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return buf;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(kstrndup);
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/**
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* kmemdup - duplicate region of memory
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*
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* @src: memory region to duplicate
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* @len: memory region length
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* @gfp: GFP mask to use
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*/
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void *kmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp)
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{
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void *p;
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p = kmalloc_track_caller(len, gfp);
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if (p)
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memcpy(p, src, len);
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return p;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmemdup);
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/**
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* memdup_user - duplicate memory region from user space
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*
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* @src: source address in user space
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* @len: number of bytes to copy
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*
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* Returns an ERR_PTR() on failure.
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*/
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void *memdup_user(const void __user *src, size_t len)
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{
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void *p;
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/*
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* Always use GFP_KERNEL, since copy_from_user() can sleep and
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* cause pagefault, which makes it pointless to use GFP_NOFS
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* or GFP_ATOMIC.
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*/
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p = kmalloc_track_caller(len, GFP_KERNEL);
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if (!p)
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return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
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if (copy_from_user(p, src, len)) {
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kfree(p);
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return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
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}
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return p;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(memdup_user);
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/*
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* strndup_user - duplicate an existing string from user space
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* @s: The string to duplicate
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* @n: Maximum number of bytes to copy, including the trailing NUL.
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*/
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char *strndup_user(const char __user *s, long n)
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{
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char *p;
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long length;
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length = strnlen_user(s, n);
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if (!length)
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return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
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if (length > n)
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return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
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p = memdup_user(s, length);
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if (IS_ERR(p))
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return p;
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p[length - 1] = '\0';
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return p;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(strndup_user);
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void __vma_link_list(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
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struct vm_area_struct *prev, struct rb_node *rb_parent)
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{
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struct vm_area_struct *next;
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vma->vm_prev = prev;
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if (prev) {
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next = prev->vm_next;
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prev->vm_next = vma;
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} else {
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mm->mmap = vma;
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if (rb_parent)
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next = rb_entry(rb_parent,
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struct vm_area_struct, vm_rb);
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else
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next = NULL;
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}
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vma->vm_next = next;
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if (next)
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next->vm_prev = vma;
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}
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/* Check if the vma is being used as a stack by this task */
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static int vm_is_stack_for_task(struct task_struct *t,
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struct vm_area_struct *vma)
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{
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return (vma->vm_start <= KSTK_ESP(t) && vma->vm_end >= KSTK_ESP(t));
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}
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/*
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* Check if the vma is being used as a stack.
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* If is_group is non-zero, check in the entire thread group or else
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* just check in the current task. Returns the task_struct of the task
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* that the vma is stack for. Must be called under rcu_read_lock().
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*/
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struct task_struct *task_of_stack(struct task_struct *task,
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struct vm_area_struct *vma, bool in_group)
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{
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if (vm_is_stack_for_task(task, vma))
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return task;
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if (in_group) {
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struct task_struct *t;
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for_each_thread(task, t) {
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if (vm_is_stack_for_task(t, vma))
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return t;
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}
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}
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return NULL;
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}
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#if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && !defined(HAVE_ARCH_PICK_MMAP_LAYOUT)
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void arch_pick_mmap_layout(struct mm_struct *mm)
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{
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mm->mmap_base = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
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mm->get_unmapped_area = arch_get_unmapped_area;
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}
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#endif
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/*
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* Like get_user_pages_fast() except its IRQ-safe in that it won't fall
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* back to the regular GUP.
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* If the architecture not support this function, simply return with no
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* page pinned
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*/
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int __weak __get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start,
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int nr_pages, int write, struct page **pages)
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{
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return 0;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__get_user_pages_fast);
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/**
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* get_user_pages_fast() - pin user pages in memory
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* @start: starting user address
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* @nr_pages: number of pages from start to pin
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* @write: whether pages will be written to
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* @pages: array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
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* Should be at least nr_pages long.
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*
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* Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
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* requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
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* were pinned, returns -errno.
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*
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* get_user_pages_fast provides equivalent functionality to get_user_pages,
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* operating on current and current->mm, with force=0 and vma=NULL. However
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* unlike get_user_pages, it must be called without mmap_sem held.
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*
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* get_user_pages_fast may take mmap_sem and page table locks, so no
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* assumptions can be made about lack of locking. get_user_pages_fast is to be
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* implemented in a way that is advantageous (vs get_user_pages()) when the
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* user memory area is already faulted in and present in ptes. However if the
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* pages have to be faulted in, it may turn out to be slightly slower so
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* callers need to carefully consider what to use. On many architectures,
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* get_user_pages_fast simply falls back to get_user_pages.
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*/
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int __weak get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start,
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int nr_pages, int write, struct page **pages)
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{
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struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
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return get_user_pages_unlocked(current, mm, start, nr_pages,
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write, 0, pages);
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_user_pages_fast);
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unsigned long vm_mmap_pgoff(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
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unsigned long len, unsigned long prot,
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unsigned long flag, unsigned long pgoff)
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{
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unsigned long ret;
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struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
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unsigned long populate;
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ret = security_mmap_file(file, prot, flag);
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if (!ret) {
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down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
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ret = do_mmap_pgoff(file, addr, len, prot, flag, pgoff,
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&populate);
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up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
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if (populate)
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mm_populate(ret, populate);
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}
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return ret;
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}
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unsigned long vm_mmap(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
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unsigned long len, unsigned long prot,
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unsigned long flag, unsigned long offset)
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{
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if (unlikely(offset + PAGE_ALIGN(len) < offset))
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return -EINVAL;
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if (unlikely(offset & ~PAGE_MASK))
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return -EINVAL;
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return vm_mmap_pgoff(file, addr, len, prot, flag, offset >> PAGE_SHIFT);
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_mmap);
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void kvfree(const void *addr)
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{
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if (is_vmalloc_addr(addr))
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vfree(addr);
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else
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kfree(addr);
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(kvfree);
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struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page)
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{
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struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
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/* This happens if someone calls flush_dcache_page on slab page */
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if (unlikely(PageSlab(page)))
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return NULL;
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if (unlikely(PageSwapCache(page))) {
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swp_entry_t entry;
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entry.val = page_private(page);
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mapping = swap_address_space(entry);
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} else if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON)
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mapping = NULL;
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return mapping;
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}
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int overcommit_ratio_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
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void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp,
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loff_t *ppos)
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{
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int ret;
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ret = proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
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if (ret == 0 && write)
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sysctl_overcommit_kbytes = 0;
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return ret;
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}
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int overcommit_kbytes_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
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void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp,
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loff_t *ppos)
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{
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int ret;
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ret = proc_doulongvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
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if (ret == 0 && write)
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sysctl_overcommit_ratio = 0;
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return ret;
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}
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/*
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* Committed memory limit enforced when OVERCOMMIT_NEVER policy is used
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*/
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unsigned long vm_commit_limit(void)
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{
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unsigned long allowed;
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if (sysctl_overcommit_kbytes)
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allowed = sysctl_overcommit_kbytes >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
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else
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allowed = ((totalram_pages - hugetlb_total_pages())
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* sysctl_overcommit_ratio / 100);
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allowed += total_swap_pages;
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return allowed;
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}
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/**
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* get_cmdline() - copy the cmdline value to a buffer.
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* @task: the task whose cmdline value to copy.
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* @buffer: the buffer to copy to.
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* @buflen: the length of the buffer. Larger cmdline values are truncated
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* to this length.
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* Returns the size of the cmdline field copied. Note that the copy does
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* not guarantee an ending NULL byte.
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*/
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int get_cmdline(struct task_struct *task, char *buffer, int buflen)
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{
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int res = 0;
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unsigned int len;
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struct mm_struct *mm = get_task_mm(task);
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if (!mm)
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goto out;
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if (!mm->arg_end)
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goto out_mm; /* Shh! No looking before we're done */
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len = mm->arg_end - mm->arg_start;
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if (len > buflen)
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len = buflen;
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res = access_process_vm(task, mm->arg_start, buffer, len, 0);
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/*
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* If the nul at the end of args has been overwritten, then
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* assume application is using setproctitle(3).
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*/
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if (res > 0 && buffer[res-1] != '\0' && len < buflen) {
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len = strnlen(buffer, res);
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if (len < res) {
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res = len;
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} else {
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len = mm->env_end - mm->env_start;
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if (len > buflen - res)
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len = buflen - res;
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res += access_process_vm(task, mm->env_start,
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buffer+res, len, 0);
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res = strnlen(buffer, res);
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}
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}
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out_mm:
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mmput(mm);
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out:
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return res;
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}
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