linux-stable/kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c
Yonghong Song cf83b2d2e2 bpf: Permit cond_resched for some iterators
Commit e679654a70 ("bpf: Fix a rcu_sched stall issue with
bpf task/task_file iterator") tries to fix rcu stalls warning
which is caused by bpf task_file iterator when running
"bpftool prog".

      rcu: INFO: rcu_sched self-detected stall on CPU
      rcu: \x097-....: (20999 ticks this GP) idle=302/1/0x4000000000000000 softirq=1508852/1508852 fqs=4913
      \x09(t=21031 jiffies g=2534773 q=179750)
      NMI backtrace for cpu 7
      CPU: 7 PID: 184195 Comm: bpftool Kdump: loaded Tainted: G        W         5.8.0-00004-g68bfc7f8c1b4 #6
      Hardware name: Quanta Twin Lakes MP/Twin Lakes Passive MP, BIOS F09_3A17 05/03/2019
      Call Trace:
      <IRQ>
      dump_stack+0x57/0x70
      nmi_cpu_backtrace.cold+0x14/0x53
      ? lapic_can_unplug_cpu.cold+0x39/0x39
      nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace+0xb7/0xc7
      rcu_dump_cpu_stacks+0xa2/0xd0
      rcu_sched_clock_irq.cold+0x1ff/0x3d9
      ? tick_nohz_handler+0x100/0x100
      update_process_times+0x5b/0x90
      tick_sched_timer+0x5e/0xf0
      __hrtimer_run_queues+0x12a/0x2a0
      hrtimer_interrupt+0x10e/0x280
      __sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x51/0xe0
      asm_call_on_stack+0xf/0x20
      </IRQ>
      sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6f/0x80
      ...
      task_file_seq_next+0x52/0xa0
      bpf_seq_read+0xb9/0x320
      vfs_read+0x9d/0x180
      ksys_read+0x5f/0xe0
      do_syscall_64+0x38/0x60
      entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9

The fix is to limit the number of bpf program runs to be
one million. This fixed the program in most cases. But
we also found under heavy load, which can increase the wallclock
time for bpf_seq_read(), the warning may still be possible.

For example, calling bpf_delay() in the "while" loop of
bpf_seq_read(), which will introduce artificial delay,
the warning will show up in my qemu run.

  static unsigned q;
  volatile unsigned *p = &q;
  volatile unsigned long long ll;
  static void bpf_delay(void)
  {
         int i, j;

         for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
                 for (j = 0; j < 10000; j++)
                         ll += *p;
  }

There are two ways to fix this issue. One is to reduce the above
one million threshold to say 100,000 and hopefully rcu warning will
not show up any more. Another is to introduce a target feature
which enables bpf_seq_read() calling cond_resched().

This patch took second approach as the first approach may cause
more -EAGAIN failures for read() syscalls. Note that not all bpf_iter
targets can permit cond_resched() in bpf_seq_read() as some, e.g.,
netlink seq iterator, rcu read lock critical section spans through
seq_ops->next() -> seq_ops->show() -> seq_ops->next().

For the kernel code with the above hack, "bpftool p" roughly takes
38 seconds to finish on my VM with 184 bpf program runs.
Using the following command, I am able to collect the number of
context switches:
   perf stat -e context-switches -- ./bpftool p >& log
Without this patch,
   69      context-switches
With this patch,
   75      context-switches
This patch added additional 6 context switches, roughly every 6 seconds
to reschedule, to avoid lengthy no-rescheduling which may cause the
above RCU warnings.

Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201028061054.1411116-1-yhs@fb.com
2020-10-28 14:54:31 -07:00

677 lines
15 KiB
C

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/* Copyright (c) 2020 Facebook */
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
#include <linux/filter.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
struct bpf_iter_target_info {
struct list_head list;
const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info;
u32 btf_id; /* cached value */
};
struct bpf_iter_link {
struct bpf_link link;
struct bpf_iter_aux_info aux;
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
};
struct bpf_iter_priv_data {
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info;
struct bpf_prog *prog;
u64 session_id;
u64 seq_num;
bool done_stop;
u8 target_private[] __aligned(8);
};
static struct list_head targets = LIST_HEAD_INIT(targets);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(targets_mutex);
/* protect bpf_iter_link changes */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(link_mutex);
/* incremented on every opened seq_file */
static atomic64_t session_id;
static int prepare_seq_file(struct file *file, struct bpf_iter_link *link,
const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info);
static void bpf_iter_inc_seq_num(struct seq_file *seq)
{
struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
target_private);
iter_priv->seq_num++;
}
static void bpf_iter_dec_seq_num(struct seq_file *seq)
{
struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
target_private);
iter_priv->seq_num--;
}
static void bpf_iter_done_stop(struct seq_file *seq)
{
struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
target_private);
iter_priv->done_stop = true;
}
static bool bpf_iter_support_resched(struct seq_file *seq)
{
struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
target_private);
return iter_priv->tinfo->reg_info->feature & BPF_ITER_RESCHED;
}
/* maximum visited objects before bailing out */
#define MAX_ITER_OBJECTS 1000000
/* bpf_seq_read, a customized and simpler version for bpf iterator.
* no_llseek is assumed for this file.
* The following are differences from seq_read():
* . fixed buffer size (PAGE_SIZE)
* . assuming no_llseek
* . stop() may call bpf program, handling potential overflow there
*/
static ssize_t bpf_seq_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size,
loff_t *ppos)
{
struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
size_t n, offs, copied = 0;
int err = 0, num_objs = 0;
bool can_resched;
void *p;
mutex_lock(&seq->lock);
if (!seq->buf) {
seq->size = PAGE_SIZE << 3;
seq->buf = kvmalloc(seq->size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!seq->buf) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
}
if (seq->count) {
n = min(seq->count, size);
err = copy_to_user(buf, seq->buf + seq->from, n);
if (err) {
err = -EFAULT;
goto done;
}
seq->count -= n;
seq->from += n;
copied = n;
goto done;
}
seq->from = 0;
p = seq->op->start(seq, &seq->index);
if (!p)
goto stop;
if (IS_ERR(p)) {
err = PTR_ERR(p);
seq->op->stop(seq, p);
seq->count = 0;
goto done;
}
err = seq->op->show(seq, p);
if (err > 0) {
/* object is skipped, decrease seq_num, so next
* valid object can reuse the same seq_num.
*/
bpf_iter_dec_seq_num(seq);
seq->count = 0;
} else if (err < 0 || seq_has_overflowed(seq)) {
if (!err)
err = -E2BIG;
seq->op->stop(seq, p);
seq->count = 0;
goto done;
}
can_resched = bpf_iter_support_resched(seq);
while (1) {
loff_t pos = seq->index;
num_objs++;
offs = seq->count;
p = seq->op->next(seq, p, &seq->index);
if (pos == seq->index) {
pr_info_ratelimited("buggy seq_file .next function %ps "
"did not updated position index\n",
seq->op->next);
seq->index++;
}
if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(p))
break;
/* got a valid next object, increase seq_num */
bpf_iter_inc_seq_num(seq);
if (seq->count >= size)
break;
if (num_objs >= MAX_ITER_OBJECTS) {
if (offs == 0) {
err = -EAGAIN;
seq->op->stop(seq, p);
goto done;
}
break;
}
err = seq->op->show(seq, p);
if (err > 0) {
bpf_iter_dec_seq_num(seq);
seq->count = offs;
} else if (err < 0 || seq_has_overflowed(seq)) {
seq->count = offs;
if (offs == 0) {
if (!err)
err = -E2BIG;
seq->op->stop(seq, p);
goto done;
}
break;
}
if (can_resched)
cond_resched();
}
stop:
offs = seq->count;
/* bpf program called if !p */
seq->op->stop(seq, p);
if (!p) {
if (!seq_has_overflowed(seq)) {
bpf_iter_done_stop(seq);
} else {
seq->count = offs;
if (offs == 0) {
err = -E2BIG;
goto done;
}
}
}
n = min(seq->count, size);
err = copy_to_user(buf, seq->buf, n);
if (err) {
err = -EFAULT;
goto done;
}
copied = n;
seq->count -= n;
seq->from = n;
done:
if (!copied)
copied = err;
else
*ppos += copied;
mutex_unlock(&seq->lock);
return copied;
}
static const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *
__get_seq_info(struct bpf_iter_link *link)
{
const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info;
if (link->aux.map) {
seq_info = link->aux.map->ops->iter_seq_info;
if (seq_info)
return seq_info;
}
return link->tinfo->reg_info->seq_info;
}
static int iter_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
struct bpf_iter_link *link = inode->i_private;
return prepare_seq_file(file, link, __get_seq_info(link));
}
static int iter_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
struct seq_file *seq;
seq = file->private_data;
if (!seq)
return 0;
iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
target_private);
if (iter_priv->seq_info->fini_seq_private)
iter_priv->seq_info->fini_seq_private(seq->private);
bpf_prog_put(iter_priv->prog);
seq->private = iter_priv;
return seq_release_private(inode, file);
}
const struct file_operations bpf_iter_fops = {
.open = iter_open,
.llseek = no_llseek,
.read = bpf_seq_read,
.release = iter_release,
};
/* The argument reg_info will be cached in bpf_iter_target_info.
* The common practice is to declare target reg_info as
* a const static variable and passed as an argument to
* bpf_iter_reg_target().
*/
int bpf_iter_reg_target(const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info)
{
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
tinfo = kmalloc(sizeof(*tinfo), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!tinfo)
return -ENOMEM;
tinfo->reg_info = reg_info;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tinfo->list);
mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
list_add(&tinfo->list, &targets);
mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);
return 0;
}
void bpf_iter_unreg_target(const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info)
{
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
bool found = false;
mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(tinfo, &targets, list) {
if (reg_info == tinfo->reg_info) {
list_del(&tinfo->list);
kfree(tinfo);
found = true;
break;
}
}
mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);
WARN_ON(found == false);
}
static void cache_btf_id(struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo,
struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
tinfo->btf_id = prog->aux->attach_btf_id;
}
bool bpf_iter_prog_supported(struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
const char *attach_fname = prog->aux->attach_func_name;
u32 prog_btf_id = prog->aux->attach_btf_id;
const char *prefix = BPF_ITER_FUNC_PREFIX;
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
int prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
bool supported = false;
if (strncmp(attach_fname, prefix, prefix_len))
return false;
mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(tinfo, &targets, list) {
if (tinfo->btf_id && tinfo->btf_id == prog_btf_id) {
supported = true;
break;
}
if (!strcmp(attach_fname + prefix_len, tinfo->reg_info->target)) {
cache_btf_id(tinfo, prog);
supported = true;
break;
}
}
mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);
if (supported) {
prog->aux->ctx_arg_info_size = tinfo->reg_info->ctx_arg_info_size;
prog->aux->ctx_arg_info = tinfo->reg_info->ctx_arg_info;
}
return supported;
}
static void bpf_iter_link_release(struct bpf_link *link)
{
struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
if (iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->detach_target)
iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->detach_target(&iter_link->aux);
}
static void bpf_iter_link_dealloc(struct bpf_link *link)
{
struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
kfree(iter_link);
}
static int bpf_iter_link_replace(struct bpf_link *link,
struct bpf_prog *new_prog,
struct bpf_prog *old_prog)
{
int ret = 0;
mutex_lock(&link_mutex);
if (old_prog && link->prog != old_prog) {
ret = -EPERM;
goto out_unlock;
}
if (link->prog->type != new_prog->type ||
link->prog->expected_attach_type != new_prog->expected_attach_type ||
link->prog->aux->attach_btf_id != new_prog->aux->attach_btf_id) {
ret = -EINVAL;
goto out_unlock;
}
old_prog = xchg(&link->prog, new_prog);
bpf_prog_put(old_prog);
out_unlock:
mutex_unlock(&link_mutex);
return ret;
}
static void bpf_iter_link_show_fdinfo(const struct bpf_link *link,
struct seq_file *seq)
{
struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
bpf_iter_show_fdinfo_t show_fdinfo;
seq_printf(seq,
"target_name:\t%s\n",
iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->target);
show_fdinfo = iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->show_fdinfo;
if (show_fdinfo)
show_fdinfo(&iter_link->aux, seq);
}
static int bpf_iter_link_fill_link_info(const struct bpf_link *link,
struct bpf_link_info *info)
{
struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
char __user *ubuf = u64_to_user_ptr(info->iter.target_name);
bpf_iter_fill_link_info_t fill_link_info;
u32 ulen = info->iter.target_name_len;
const char *target_name;
u32 target_len;
if (!ulen ^ !ubuf)
return -EINVAL;
target_name = iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->target;
target_len = strlen(target_name);
info->iter.target_name_len = target_len + 1;
if (ubuf) {
if (ulen >= target_len + 1) {
if (copy_to_user(ubuf, target_name, target_len + 1))
return -EFAULT;
} else {
char zero = '\0';
if (copy_to_user(ubuf, target_name, ulen - 1))
return -EFAULT;
if (put_user(zero, ubuf + ulen - 1))
return -EFAULT;
return -ENOSPC;
}
}
fill_link_info = iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->fill_link_info;
if (fill_link_info)
return fill_link_info(&iter_link->aux, info);
return 0;
}
static const struct bpf_link_ops bpf_iter_link_lops = {
.release = bpf_iter_link_release,
.dealloc = bpf_iter_link_dealloc,
.update_prog = bpf_iter_link_replace,
.show_fdinfo = bpf_iter_link_show_fdinfo,
.fill_link_info = bpf_iter_link_fill_link_info,
};
bool bpf_link_is_iter(struct bpf_link *link)
{
return link->ops == &bpf_iter_link_lops;
}
int bpf_iter_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
union bpf_iter_link_info __user *ulinfo;
struct bpf_link_primer link_primer;
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
union bpf_iter_link_info linfo;
struct bpf_iter_link *link;
u32 prog_btf_id, linfo_len;
bool existed = false;
int err;
if (attr->link_create.target_fd || attr->link_create.flags)
return -EINVAL;
memset(&linfo, 0, sizeof(union bpf_iter_link_info));
ulinfo = u64_to_user_ptr(attr->link_create.iter_info);
linfo_len = attr->link_create.iter_info_len;
if (!ulinfo ^ !linfo_len)
return -EINVAL;
if (ulinfo) {
err = bpf_check_uarg_tail_zero(ulinfo, sizeof(linfo),
linfo_len);
if (err)
return err;
linfo_len = min_t(u32, linfo_len, sizeof(linfo));
if (copy_from_user(&linfo, ulinfo, linfo_len))
return -EFAULT;
}
prog_btf_id = prog->aux->attach_btf_id;
mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(tinfo, &targets, list) {
if (tinfo->btf_id == prog_btf_id) {
existed = true;
break;
}
}
mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);
if (!existed)
return -ENOENT;
link = kzalloc(sizeof(*link), GFP_USER | __GFP_NOWARN);
if (!link)
return -ENOMEM;
bpf_link_init(&link->link, BPF_LINK_TYPE_ITER, &bpf_iter_link_lops, prog);
link->tinfo = tinfo;
err = bpf_link_prime(&link->link, &link_primer);
if (err) {
kfree(link);
return err;
}
if (tinfo->reg_info->attach_target) {
err = tinfo->reg_info->attach_target(prog, &linfo, &link->aux);
if (err) {
bpf_link_cleanup(&link_primer);
return err;
}
}
return bpf_link_settle(&link_primer);
}
static void init_seq_meta(struct bpf_iter_priv_data *priv_data,
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo,
const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info,
struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
priv_data->tinfo = tinfo;
priv_data->seq_info = seq_info;
priv_data->prog = prog;
priv_data->session_id = atomic64_inc_return(&session_id);
priv_data->seq_num = 0;
priv_data->done_stop = false;
}
static int prepare_seq_file(struct file *file, struct bpf_iter_link *link,
const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info)
{
struct bpf_iter_priv_data *priv_data;
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
struct bpf_prog *prog;
u32 total_priv_dsize;
struct seq_file *seq;
int err = 0;
mutex_lock(&link_mutex);
prog = link->link.prog;
bpf_prog_inc(prog);
mutex_unlock(&link_mutex);
tinfo = link->tinfo;
total_priv_dsize = offsetof(struct bpf_iter_priv_data, target_private) +
seq_info->seq_priv_size;
priv_data = __seq_open_private(file, seq_info->seq_ops,
total_priv_dsize);
if (!priv_data) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto release_prog;
}
if (seq_info->init_seq_private) {
err = seq_info->init_seq_private(priv_data->target_private, &link->aux);
if (err)
goto release_seq_file;
}
init_seq_meta(priv_data, tinfo, seq_info, prog);
seq = file->private_data;
seq->private = priv_data->target_private;
return 0;
release_seq_file:
seq_release_private(file->f_inode, file);
file->private_data = NULL;
release_prog:
bpf_prog_put(prog);
return err;
}
int bpf_iter_new_fd(struct bpf_link *link)
{
struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link;
struct file *file;
unsigned int flags;
int err, fd;
if (link->ops != &bpf_iter_link_lops)
return -EINVAL;
flags = O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC;
fd = get_unused_fd_flags(flags);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
file = anon_inode_getfile("bpf_iter", &bpf_iter_fops, NULL, flags);
if (IS_ERR(file)) {
err = PTR_ERR(file);
goto free_fd;
}
iter_link = container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
err = prepare_seq_file(file, iter_link, __get_seq_info(iter_link));
if (err)
goto free_file;
fd_install(fd, file);
return fd;
free_file:
fput(file);
free_fd:
put_unused_fd(fd);
return err;
}
struct bpf_prog *bpf_iter_get_info(struct bpf_iter_meta *meta, bool in_stop)
{
struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
struct seq_file *seq;
void *seq_priv;
seq = meta->seq;
if (seq->file->f_op != &bpf_iter_fops)
return NULL;
seq_priv = seq->private;
iter_priv = container_of(seq_priv, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
target_private);
if (in_stop && iter_priv->done_stop)
return NULL;
meta->session_id = iter_priv->session_id;
meta->seq_num = iter_priv->seq_num;
return iter_priv->prog;
}
int bpf_iter_run_prog(struct bpf_prog *prog, void *ctx)
{
int ret;
rcu_read_lock();
migrate_disable();
ret = BPF_PROG_RUN(prog, ctx);
migrate_enable();
rcu_read_unlock();
/* bpf program can only return 0 or 1:
* 0 : okay
* 1 : retry the same object
* The bpf_iter_run_prog() return value
* will be seq_ops->show() return value.
*/
return ret == 0 ? 0 : -EAGAIN;
}