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linux-stable/include/linux/string.h
Daniel Axtens 6a39e62abb lib: string.h: detect intra-object overflow in fortified string functions 
Patch series "Fortify strscpy()", v7.

This patch implements a fortified version of strscpy() enabled by setting
CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE=y.  The new version ensures the following before
calling vanilla strscpy():

1. There is no read overflow because either size is smaller than src
   length or we shrink size to src length by calling fortified strnlen().

2. There is no write overflow because we either failed during
   compilation or at runtime by checking that size is smaller than dest
   size.  Note that, if src and dst size cannot be got, the patch defaults
   to call vanilla strscpy().

The patches adds the following:

1. Implement the fortified version of strscpy().

2. Add a new LKDTM test to ensures the fortified version still returns
   the same value as the vanilla one while panic'ing when there is a write
   overflow.

3. Correct some typos in LKDTM related file.

I based my modifications on top of two patches from Daniel Axtens which
modify calls to __builtin_object_size, in fortified string functions, to
ensure the true size of char * are returned and not the surrounding
structure size.

About performance, I measured the slow down of fortified strscpy(), using
the vanilla one as baseline.  The hardware I used is an Intel i3 2130 CPU
clocked at 3.4 GHz.  I ran "Linux 5.10.0-rc4+ SMP PREEMPT" inside qemu
3.10 with 4 CPU cores.  The following code, called through LKDTM, was used
as a benchmark:

#define TIMES 10000
	char *src;
	char dst[7];
	int i;
	ktime_t begin;

	src = kstrdup("foobar", GFP_KERNEL);

	if (src == NULL)
		return;

	begin = ktime_get();
	for (i = 0; i < TIMES; i++)
		strscpy(dst, src, strlen(src));
	pr_info("%d fortified strscpy() tooks %lld", TIMES, ktime_get() - begin);

	begin = ktime_get();
	for (i = 0; i < TIMES; i++)
		__real_strscpy(dst, src, strlen(src));
	pr_info("%d vanilla strscpy() tooks %lld", TIMES, ktime_get() - begin);

	kfree(src);

I called the above code 30 times to compute stats for each version (in ns,
round to int):

| version   | mean    | std    | median  | 95th    |
| --------- | ------- | ------ | ------- | ------- |
| fortified | 245_069 | 54_657 | 216_230 | 331_122 |
| vanilla   | 172_501 | 70_281 | 143_539 | 219_553 |

On average, fortified strscpy() is approximately 1.42 times slower than
vanilla strscpy().  For the 95th percentile, the fortified version is
about 1.50 times slower.

So, clearly the stats are not in favor of fortified strscpy().  But, the
fortified version loops the string twice (one in strnlen() and another in
vanilla strscpy()) while the vanilla one only loops once.  This can
explain why fortified strscpy() is slower than the vanilla one.

This patch (of 5):

When the fortify feature was first introduced in commit 6974f0c455
("include/linux/string.h: add the option of fortified string.h
functions"), Daniel Micay observed:

  * It should be possible to optionally use __builtin_object_size(x, 1) for
    some functions (C strings) to detect intra-object overflows (like
    glibc's _FORTIFY_SOURCE=2), but for now this takes the conservative
    approach to avoid likely compatibility issues.

This is a case that often cannot be caught by KASAN. Consider:

struct foo {
    char a[10];
    char b[10];
}

void test() {
    char *msg;
    struct foo foo;

    msg = kmalloc(16, GFP_KERNEL);
    strcpy(msg, "Hello world!!");
    // this copy overwrites foo.b
    strcpy(foo.a, msg);
}

The questionable copy overflows foo.a and writes to foo.b as well.  It
cannot be detected by KASAN.  Currently it is also not detected by
fortify, because strcpy considers __builtin_object_size(x, 0), which
considers the size of the surrounding object (here, struct foo).  However,
if we switch the string functions over to use __builtin_object_size(x, 1),
the compiler will measure the size of the closest surrounding subobject
(here, foo.a), rather than the size of the surrounding object as a whole.
See https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Object-Size-Checking.html for more
info.

Only do this for string functions: we cannot use it on things like memcpy,
memmove, memcmp and memchr_inv due to code like this which purposefully
operates on multiple structure members: (arch/x86/kernel/traps.c)

	/*
	 * regs->sp points to the failing IRET frame on the
	 * ESPFIX64 stack.  Copy it to the entry stack.  This fills
	 * in gpregs->ss through gpregs->ip.
	 *
	 */
	memmove(&gpregs->ip, (void *)regs->sp, 5*8);

This change passes an allyesconfig on powerpc and x86, and an x86 kernel
built with it survives running with syz-stress from syzkaller, so it seems
safe so far.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201122162451.27551-1-laniel_francis@privacyrequired.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201122162451.27551-2-laniel_francis@privacyrequired.com
Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net>
Signed-off-by: Francis Laniel <laniel_francis@privacyrequired.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-12-15 22:46:16 -08:00

543 lines
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _LINUX_STRING_H_
#define _LINUX_STRING_H_
#include <linux/compiler.h> /* for inline */
#include <linux/types.h> /* for size_t */
#include <linux/stddef.h> /* for NULL */
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <uapi/linux/string.h>
extern char *strndup_user(const char __user *, long);
extern void *memdup_user(const void __user *, size_t);
extern void *vmemdup_user(const void __user *, size_t);
extern void *memdup_user_nul(const void __user *, size_t);
/*
* Include machine specific inline routines
*/
#include <asm/string.h>
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCPY
extern char * strcpy(char *,const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCPY
extern char * strncpy(char *,const char *, __kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLCPY
size_t strlcpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSCPY
ssize_t strscpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
#endif
/* Wraps calls to strscpy()/memset(), no arch specific code required */
ssize_t strscpy_pad(char *dest, const char *src, size_t count);
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCAT
extern char * strcat(char *, const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCAT
extern char * strncat(char *, const char *, __kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLCAT
extern size_t strlcat(char *, const char *, __kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCMP
extern int strcmp(const char *,const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCMP
extern int strncmp(const char *,const char *,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCASECMP
extern int strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCASECMP
extern int strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHR
extern char * strchr(const char *,int);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHRNUL
extern char * strchrnul(const char *,int);
#endif
extern char * strnchrnul(const char *, size_t, int);
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCHR
extern char * strnchr(const char *, size_t, int);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRRCHR
extern char * strrchr(const char *,int);
#endif
extern char * __must_check skip_spaces(const char *);
extern char *strim(char *);
static inline __must_check char *strstrip(char *str)
{
return strim(str);
}
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSTR
extern char * strstr(const char *, const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNSTR
extern char * strnstr(const char *, const char *, size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLEN
extern __kernel_size_t strlen(const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNLEN
extern __kernel_size_t strnlen(const char *,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRPBRK
extern char * strpbrk(const char *,const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSEP
extern char * strsep(char **,const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSPN
extern __kernel_size_t strspn(const char *,const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCSPN
extern __kernel_size_t strcspn(const char *,const char *);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET
extern void * memset(void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET16
extern void *memset16(uint16_t *, uint16_t, __kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET32
extern void *memset32(uint32_t *, uint32_t, __kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET64
extern void *memset64(uint64_t *, uint64_t, __kernel_size_t);
#endif
static inline void *memset_l(unsigned long *p, unsigned long v,
__kernel_size_t n)
{
if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
return memset32((uint32_t *)p, v, n);
else
return memset64((uint64_t *)p, v, n);
}
static inline void *memset_p(void **p, void *v, __kernel_size_t n)
{
if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
return memset32((uint32_t *)p, (uintptr_t)v, n);
else
return memset64((uint64_t *)p, (uintptr_t)v, n);
}
extern void **__memcat_p(void **a, void **b);
#define memcat_p(a, b) ({ \
BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__same_type(*(a), *(b)), \
"type mismatch in memcat_p()"); \
(typeof(*a) *)__memcat_p((void **)(a), (void **)(b)); \
})
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY
extern void * memcpy(void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMMOVE
extern void * memmove(void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSCAN
extern void * memscan(void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCMP
extern int memcmp(const void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_BCMP
extern int bcmp(const void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCHR
extern void * memchr(const void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
#endif
#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY_FLUSHCACHE
static inline void memcpy_flushcache(void *dst, const void *src, size_t cnt)
{
memcpy(dst, src, cnt);
}
#endif
void *memchr_inv(const void *s, int c, size_t n);
char *strreplace(char *s, char old, char new);
extern void kfree_const(const void *x);
extern char *kstrdup(const char *s, gfp_t gfp) __malloc;
extern const char *kstrdup_const(const char *s, gfp_t gfp);
extern char *kstrndup(const char *s, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
extern void *kmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
extern char *kmemdup_nul(const char *s, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
extern char **argv_split(gfp_t gfp, const char *str, int *argcp);
extern void argv_free(char **argv);
extern bool sysfs_streq(const char *s1, const char *s2);
extern int kstrtobool(const char *s, bool *res);
static inline int strtobool(const char *s, bool *res)
{
return kstrtobool(s, res);
}
int match_string(const char * const *array, size_t n, const char *string);
int __sysfs_match_string(const char * const *array, size_t n, const char *s);
/**
* sysfs_match_string - matches given string in an array
* @_a: array of strings
* @_s: string to match with
*
* Helper for __sysfs_match_string(). Calculates the size of @a automatically.
*/
#define sysfs_match_string(_a, _s) __sysfs_match_string(_a, ARRAY_SIZE(_a), _s)
#ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args);
int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf);
int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...) __printf(3, 4);
#endif
extern ssize_t memory_read_from_buffer(void *to, size_t count, loff_t *ppos,
const void *from, size_t available);
int ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out);
/**
* strstarts - does @str start with @prefix?
* @str: string to examine
* @prefix: prefix to look for.
*/
static inline bool strstarts(const char *str, const char *prefix)
{
return strncmp(str, prefix, strlen(prefix)) == 0;
}
size_t memweight(const void *ptr, size_t bytes);
/**
* memzero_explicit - Fill a region of memory (e.g. sensitive
* keying data) with 0s.
* @s: Pointer to the start of the area.
* @count: The size of the area.
*
* Note: usually using memset() is just fine (!), but in cases
* where clearing out _local_ data at the end of a scope is
* necessary, memzero_explicit() should be used instead in
* order to prevent the compiler from optimising away zeroing.
*
* memzero_explicit() doesn't need an arch-specific version as
* it just invokes the one of memset() implicitly.
*/
static inline void memzero_explicit(void *s, size_t count)
{
memset(s, 0, count);
barrier_data(s);
}
/**
* kbasename - return the last part of a pathname.
*
* @path: path to extract the filename from.
*/
static inline const char *kbasename(const char *path)
{
const char *tail = strrchr(path, '/');
return tail ? tail + 1 : path;
}
#define __FORTIFY_INLINE extern __always_inline __attribute__((gnu_inline))
#define __RENAME(x) __asm__(#x)
void fortify_panic(const char *name) __noreturn __cold;
void __read_overflow(void) __compiletime_error("detected read beyond size of object passed as 1st parameter");
void __read_overflow2(void) __compiletime_error("detected read beyond size of object passed as 2nd parameter");
void __read_overflow3(void) __compiletime_error("detected read beyond size of object passed as 3rd parameter");
void __write_overflow(void) __compiletime_error("detected write beyond size of object passed as 1st parameter");
#if !defined(__NO_FORTIFY) && defined(__OPTIMIZE__) && defined(CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE)
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
extern void *__underlying_memchr(const void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size) __RENAME(memchr);
extern int __underlying_memcmp(const void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size) __RENAME(memcmp);
extern void *__underlying_memcpy(void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size) __RENAME(memcpy);
extern void *__underlying_memmove(void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size) __RENAME(memmove);
extern void *__underlying_memset(void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size) __RENAME(memset);
extern char *__underlying_strcat(char *p, const char *q) __RENAME(strcat);
extern char *__underlying_strcpy(char *p, const char *q) __RENAME(strcpy);
extern __kernel_size_t __underlying_strlen(const char *p) __RENAME(strlen);
extern char *__underlying_strncat(char *p, const char *q, __kernel_size_t count) __RENAME(strncat);
extern char *__underlying_strncpy(char *p, const char *q, __kernel_size_t size) __RENAME(strncpy);
#else
#define __underlying_memchr __builtin_memchr
#define __underlying_memcmp __builtin_memcmp
#define __underlying_memcpy __builtin_memcpy
#define __underlying_memmove __builtin_memmove
#define __underlying_memset __builtin_memset
#define __underlying_strcat __builtin_strcat
#define __underlying_strcpy __builtin_strcpy
#define __underlying_strlen __builtin_strlen
#define __underlying_strncat __builtin_strncat
#define __underlying_strncpy __builtin_strncpy
#endif
__FORTIFY_INLINE char *strncpy(char *p, const char *q, __kernel_size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 1);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
__write_overflow();
if (p_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __underlying_strncpy(p, q, size);
}
__FORTIFY_INLINE char *strcat(char *p, const char *q)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 1);
if (p_size == (size_t)-1)
return __underlying_strcat(p, q);
if (strlcat(p, q, p_size) >= p_size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return p;
}
__FORTIFY_INLINE __kernel_size_t strlen(const char *p)
{
__kernel_size_t ret;
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 1);
/* Work around gcc excess stack consumption issue */
if (p_size == (size_t)-1 ||
(__builtin_constant_p(p[p_size - 1]) && p[p_size - 1] == '\0'))
return __underlying_strlen(p);
ret = strnlen(p, p_size);
if (p_size <= ret)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return ret;
}
extern __kernel_size_t __real_strnlen(const char *, __kernel_size_t) __RENAME(strnlen);
__FORTIFY_INLINE __kernel_size_t strnlen(const char *p, __kernel_size_t maxlen)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 1);
__kernel_size_t ret = __real_strnlen(p, maxlen < p_size ? maxlen : p_size);
if (p_size <= ret && maxlen != ret)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return ret;
}
/* defined after fortified strlen to reuse it */
extern size_t __real_strlcpy(char *, const char *, size_t) __RENAME(strlcpy);
__FORTIFY_INLINE size_t strlcpy(char *p, const char *q, size_t size)
{
size_t ret;
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 1);
size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 1);
if (p_size == (size_t)-1 && q_size == (size_t)-1)
return __real_strlcpy(p, q, size);
ret = strlen(q);
if (size) {
size_t len = (ret >= size) ? size - 1 : ret;
if (__builtin_constant_p(len) && len >= p_size)
__write_overflow();
if (len >= p_size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
__underlying_memcpy(p, q, len);
p[len] = '\0';
}
return ret;
}
/* defined after fortified strlen and strnlen to reuse them */
__FORTIFY_INLINE char *strncat(char *p, const char *q, __kernel_size_t count)
{
size_t p_len, copy_len;
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 1);
size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 1);
if (p_size == (size_t)-1 && q_size == (size_t)-1)
return __underlying_strncat(p, q, count);
p_len = strlen(p);
copy_len = strnlen(q, count);
if (p_size < p_len + copy_len + 1)
fortify_panic(__func__);
__underlying_memcpy(p + p_len, q, copy_len);
p[p_len + copy_len] = '\0';
return p;
}
__FORTIFY_INLINE void *memset(void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
__write_overflow();
if (p_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __underlying_memset(p, c, size);
}
__FORTIFY_INLINE void *memcpy(void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
if (p_size < size)
__write_overflow();
if (q_size < size)
__read_overflow2();
}
if (p_size < size || q_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __underlying_memcpy(p, q, size);
}
__FORTIFY_INLINE void *memmove(void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
if (p_size < size)
__write_overflow();
if (q_size < size)
__read_overflow2();
}
if (p_size < size || q_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __underlying_memmove(p, q, size);
}
extern void *__real_memscan(void *, int, __kernel_size_t) __RENAME(memscan);
__FORTIFY_INLINE void *memscan(void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
__read_overflow();
if (p_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __real_memscan(p, c, size);
}
__FORTIFY_INLINE int memcmp(const void *p, const void *q, __kernel_size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
if (p_size < size)
__read_overflow();
if (q_size < size)
__read_overflow2();
}
if (p_size < size || q_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __underlying_memcmp(p, q, size);
}
__FORTIFY_INLINE void *memchr(const void *p, int c, __kernel_size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
__read_overflow();
if (p_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __underlying_memchr(p, c, size);
}
void *__real_memchr_inv(const void *s, int c, size_t n) __RENAME(memchr_inv);
__FORTIFY_INLINE void *memchr_inv(const void *p, int c, size_t size)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
__read_overflow();
if (p_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __real_memchr_inv(p, c, size);
}
extern void *__real_kmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp) __RENAME(kmemdup);
__FORTIFY_INLINE void *kmemdup(const void *p, size_t size, gfp_t gfp)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 0);
if (__builtin_constant_p(size) && p_size < size)
__read_overflow();
if (p_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
return __real_kmemdup(p, size, gfp);
}
/* defined after fortified strlen and memcpy to reuse them */
__FORTIFY_INLINE char *strcpy(char *p, const char *q)
{
size_t p_size = __builtin_object_size(p, 1);
size_t q_size = __builtin_object_size(q, 1);
size_t size;
if (p_size == (size_t)-1 && q_size == (size_t)-1)
return __underlying_strcpy(p, q);
size = strlen(q) + 1;
/* test here to use the more stringent object size */
if (p_size < size)
fortify_panic(__func__);
memcpy(p, q, size);
return p;
}
/* Don't use these outside the FORITFY_SOURCE implementation */
#undef __underlying_memchr
#undef __underlying_memcmp
#undef __underlying_memcpy
#undef __underlying_memmove
#undef __underlying_memset
#undef __underlying_strcat
#undef __underlying_strcpy
#undef __underlying_strlen
#undef __underlying_strncat
#undef __underlying_strncpy
#endif
/**
* memcpy_and_pad - Copy one buffer to another with padding
* @dest: Where to copy to
* @dest_len: The destination buffer size
* @src: Where to copy from
* @count: The number of bytes to copy
* @pad: Character to use for padding if space is left in destination.
*/
static inline void memcpy_and_pad(void *dest, size_t dest_len,
const void *src, size_t count, int pad)
{
if (dest_len > count) {
memcpy(dest, src, count);
memset(dest + count, pad, dest_len - count);
} else
memcpy(dest, src, dest_len);
}
/**
* str_has_prefix - Test if a string has a given prefix
* @str: The string to test
* @prefix: The string to see if @str starts with
*
* A common way to test a prefix of a string is to do:
* strncmp(str, prefix, sizeof(prefix) - 1)
*
* But this can lead to bugs due to typos, or if prefix is a pointer
* and not a constant. Instead use str_has_prefix().
*
* Returns:
* * strlen(@prefix) if @str starts with @prefix
* * 0 if @str does not start with @prefix
*/
static __always_inline size_t str_has_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix)
{
size_t len = strlen(prefix);
return strncmp(str, prefix, len) == 0 ? len : 0;
}
#endif /* _LINUX_STRING_H_ */
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