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![Luck, Tony](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Each read from a file in efivarfs results in two calls to EFI (one to get the file size, another to get the actual data). On X86 these EFI calls result in broadcast system management interrupts (SMI) which affect performance of the whole system. A malicious user can loop performing reads from efivarfs bringing the system to its knees. Linus suggested per-user rate limit to solve this. So we add a ratelimit structure to "user_struct" and initialize it for the root user for no limit. When allocating user_struct for other users we set the limit to 100 per second. This could be used for other places that want to limit the rate of some detrimental user action. In efivarfs if the limit is exceeded when reading, we take an interruptible nap for 50ms and check the rate limit again. Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
238 lines
5.6 KiB
C
238 lines
5.6 KiB
C
/*
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* The "user cache".
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*
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* (C) Copyright 1991-2000 Linus Torvalds
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*
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* We have a per-user structure to keep track of how many
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* processes, files etc the user has claimed, in order to be
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* able to have per-user limits for system resources.
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*/
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#include <linux/init.h>
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#include <linux/sched.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <linux/bitops.h>
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#include <linux/key.h>
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#include <linux/sched/user.h>
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#include <linux/interrupt.h>
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#include <linux/export.h>
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#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
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#include <linux/proc_ns.h>
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/*
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* userns count is 1 for root user, 1 for init_uts_ns,
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* and 1 for... ?
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*/
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struct user_namespace init_user_ns = {
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.uid_map = {
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.nr_extents = 1,
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{
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.extent[0] = {
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.first = 0,
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.lower_first = 0,
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.count = 4294967295U,
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},
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},
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},
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.gid_map = {
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.nr_extents = 1,
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{
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.extent[0] = {
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.first = 0,
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.lower_first = 0,
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.count = 4294967295U,
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},
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},
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},
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.projid_map = {
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.nr_extents = 1,
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{
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.extent[0] = {
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.first = 0,
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.lower_first = 0,
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.count = 4294967295U,
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},
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},
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},
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.count = ATOMIC_INIT(3),
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.owner = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID,
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.group = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID,
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.ns.inum = PROC_USER_INIT_INO,
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#ifdef CONFIG_USER_NS
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.ns.ops = &userns_operations,
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#endif
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.flags = USERNS_INIT_FLAGS,
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#ifdef CONFIG_PERSISTENT_KEYRINGS
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.persistent_keyring_register_sem =
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__RWSEM_INITIALIZER(init_user_ns.persistent_keyring_register_sem),
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#endif
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};
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(init_user_ns);
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/*
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* UID task count cache, to get fast user lookup in "alloc_uid"
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* when changing user ID's (ie setuid() and friends).
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*/
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#define UIDHASH_BITS (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 3 : 7)
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#define UIDHASH_SZ (1 << UIDHASH_BITS)
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#define UIDHASH_MASK (UIDHASH_SZ - 1)
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#define __uidhashfn(uid) (((uid >> UIDHASH_BITS) + uid) & UIDHASH_MASK)
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#define uidhashentry(uid) (uidhash_table + __uidhashfn((__kuid_val(uid))))
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static struct kmem_cache *uid_cachep;
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struct hlist_head uidhash_table[UIDHASH_SZ];
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/*
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* The uidhash_lock is mostly taken from process context, but it is
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* occasionally also taken from softirq/tasklet context, when
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* task-structs get RCU-freed. Hence all locking must be softirq-safe.
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* But free_uid() is also called with local interrupts disabled, and running
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* local_bh_enable() with local interrupts disabled is an error - we'll run
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* softirq callbacks, and they can unconditionally enable interrupts, and
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* the caller of free_uid() didn't expect that..
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*/
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static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(uidhash_lock);
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/* root_user.__count is 1, for init task cred */
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struct user_struct root_user = {
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.__count = ATOMIC_INIT(1),
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.processes = ATOMIC_INIT(1),
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.sigpending = ATOMIC_INIT(0),
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.locked_shm = 0,
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.uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID,
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.ratelimit = RATELIMIT_STATE_INIT(root_user.ratelimit, 0, 0),
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};
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/*
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* These routines must be called with the uidhash spinlock held!
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*/
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static void uid_hash_insert(struct user_struct *up, struct hlist_head *hashent)
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{
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hlist_add_head(&up->uidhash_node, hashent);
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}
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static void uid_hash_remove(struct user_struct *up)
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{
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hlist_del_init(&up->uidhash_node);
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}
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static struct user_struct *uid_hash_find(kuid_t uid, struct hlist_head *hashent)
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{
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struct user_struct *user;
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hlist_for_each_entry(user, hashent, uidhash_node) {
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if (uid_eq(user->uid, uid)) {
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atomic_inc(&user->__count);
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return user;
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}
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}
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return NULL;
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}
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/* IRQs are disabled and uidhash_lock is held upon function entry.
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* IRQ state (as stored in flags) is restored and uidhash_lock released
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* upon function exit.
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*/
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static void free_user(struct user_struct *up, unsigned long flags)
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__releases(&uidhash_lock)
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{
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uid_hash_remove(up);
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spin_unlock_irqrestore(&uidhash_lock, flags);
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key_put(up->uid_keyring);
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key_put(up->session_keyring);
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kmem_cache_free(uid_cachep, up);
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}
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/*
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* Locate the user_struct for the passed UID. If found, take a ref on it. The
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* caller must undo that ref with free_uid().
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*
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* If the user_struct could not be found, return NULL.
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*/
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struct user_struct *find_user(kuid_t uid)
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{
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struct user_struct *ret;
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unsigned long flags;
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spin_lock_irqsave(&uidhash_lock, flags);
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ret = uid_hash_find(uid, uidhashentry(uid));
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spin_unlock_irqrestore(&uidhash_lock, flags);
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return ret;
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}
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void free_uid(struct user_struct *up)
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{
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unsigned long flags;
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if (!up)
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return;
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local_irq_save(flags);
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if (atomic_dec_and_lock(&up->__count, &uidhash_lock))
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free_user(up, flags);
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else
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local_irq_restore(flags);
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}
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struct user_struct *alloc_uid(kuid_t uid)
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{
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struct hlist_head *hashent = uidhashentry(uid);
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struct user_struct *up, *new;
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spin_lock_irq(&uidhash_lock);
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up = uid_hash_find(uid, hashent);
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spin_unlock_irq(&uidhash_lock);
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if (!up) {
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new = kmem_cache_zalloc(uid_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
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if (!new)
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goto out_unlock;
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new->uid = uid;
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atomic_set(&new->__count, 1);
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ratelimit_state_init(&new->ratelimit, HZ, 100);
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ratelimit_set_flags(&new->ratelimit, RATELIMIT_MSG_ON_RELEASE);
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/*
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* Before adding this, check whether we raced
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* on adding the same user already..
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*/
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spin_lock_irq(&uidhash_lock);
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up = uid_hash_find(uid, hashent);
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if (up) {
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key_put(new->uid_keyring);
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key_put(new->session_keyring);
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kmem_cache_free(uid_cachep, new);
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} else {
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uid_hash_insert(new, hashent);
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up = new;
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}
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spin_unlock_irq(&uidhash_lock);
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}
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return up;
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out_unlock:
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return NULL;
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}
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static int __init uid_cache_init(void)
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{
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int n;
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uid_cachep = kmem_cache_create("uid_cache", sizeof(struct user_struct),
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0, SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
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for(n = 0; n < UIDHASH_SZ; ++n)
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INIT_HLIST_HEAD(uidhash_table + n);
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/* Insert the root user immediately (init already runs as root) */
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spin_lock_irq(&uidhash_lock);
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uid_hash_insert(&root_user, uidhashentry(GLOBAL_ROOT_UID));
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spin_unlock_irq(&uidhash_lock);
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return 0;
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}
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subsys_initcall(uid_cache_init);
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