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![Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Commit5c089fd0c7
("idr: Fix idr_get_next race with idr_remove") neglected to fix idr_get_next_ul(). As far as I can tell, nobody's actually using this interface under the RCU read lock, but fix it now before anybody decides to use it. Fixes:5c089fd0c7
("idr: Fix idr_get_next race with idr_remove") Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
594 lines
17 KiB
C
594 lines
17 KiB
C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
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#include <linux/bitmap.h>
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#include <linux/bug.h>
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#include <linux/export.h>
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#include <linux/idr.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <linux/spinlock.h>
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#include <linux/xarray.h>
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/**
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* idr_alloc_u32() - Allocate an ID.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @ptr: Pointer to be associated with the new ID.
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* @nextid: Pointer to an ID.
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* @max: The maximum ID to allocate (inclusive).
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* @gfp: Memory allocation flags.
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*
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* Allocates an unused ID in the range specified by @nextid and @max.
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* Note that @max is inclusive whereas the @end parameter to idr_alloc()
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* is exclusive. The new ID is assigned to @nextid before the pointer
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* is inserted into the IDR, so if @nextid points into the object pointed
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* to by @ptr, a concurrent lookup will not find an uninitialised ID.
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*
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* The caller should provide their own locking to ensure that two
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* concurrent modifications to the IDR are not possible. Read-only
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* accesses to the IDR may be done under the RCU read lock or may
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* exclude simultaneous writers.
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*
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* Return: 0 if an ID was allocated, -ENOMEM if memory allocation failed,
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* or -ENOSPC if no free IDs could be found. If an error occurred,
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* @nextid is unchanged.
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*/
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int idr_alloc_u32(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, u32 *nextid,
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unsigned long max, gfp_t gfp)
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{
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struct radix_tree_iter iter;
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void __rcu **slot;
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unsigned int base = idr->idr_base;
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unsigned int id = *nextid;
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if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(idr->idr_rt.xa_flags & ROOT_IS_IDR)))
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idr->idr_rt.xa_flags |= IDR_RT_MARKER;
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id = (id < base) ? 0 : id - base;
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radix_tree_iter_init(&iter, id);
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slot = idr_get_free(&idr->idr_rt, &iter, gfp, max - base);
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if (IS_ERR(slot))
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return PTR_ERR(slot);
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*nextid = iter.index + base;
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/* there is a memory barrier inside radix_tree_iter_replace() */
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radix_tree_iter_replace(&idr->idr_rt, &iter, slot, ptr);
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radix_tree_iter_tag_clear(&idr->idr_rt, &iter, IDR_FREE);
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return 0;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(idr_alloc_u32);
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/**
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* idr_alloc() - Allocate an ID.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @ptr: Pointer to be associated with the new ID.
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* @start: The minimum ID (inclusive).
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* @end: The maximum ID (exclusive).
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* @gfp: Memory allocation flags.
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*
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* Allocates an unused ID in the range specified by @start and @end. If
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* @end is <= 0, it is treated as one larger than %INT_MAX. This allows
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* callers to use @start + N as @end as long as N is within integer range.
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*
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* The caller should provide their own locking to ensure that two
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* concurrent modifications to the IDR are not possible. Read-only
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* accesses to the IDR may be done under the RCU read lock or may
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* exclude simultaneous writers.
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*
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* Return: The newly allocated ID, -ENOMEM if memory allocation failed,
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* or -ENOSPC if no free IDs could be found.
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*/
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int idr_alloc(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, int start, int end, gfp_t gfp)
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{
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u32 id = start;
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int ret;
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if (WARN_ON_ONCE(start < 0))
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return -EINVAL;
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ret = idr_alloc_u32(idr, ptr, &id, end > 0 ? end - 1 : INT_MAX, gfp);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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return id;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(idr_alloc);
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/**
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* idr_alloc_cyclic() - Allocate an ID cyclically.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @ptr: Pointer to be associated with the new ID.
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* @start: The minimum ID (inclusive).
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* @end: The maximum ID (exclusive).
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* @gfp: Memory allocation flags.
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*
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* Allocates an unused ID in the range specified by @nextid and @end. If
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* @end is <= 0, it is treated as one larger than %INT_MAX. This allows
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* callers to use @start + N as @end as long as N is within integer range.
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* The search for an unused ID will start at the last ID allocated and will
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* wrap around to @start if no free IDs are found before reaching @end.
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*
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* The caller should provide their own locking to ensure that two
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* concurrent modifications to the IDR are not possible. Read-only
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* accesses to the IDR may be done under the RCU read lock or may
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* exclude simultaneous writers.
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*
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* Return: The newly allocated ID, -ENOMEM if memory allocation failed,
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* or -ENOSPC if no free IDs could be found.
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*/
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int idr_alloc_cyclic(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, int start, int end, gfp_t gfp)
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{
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u32 id = idr->idr_next;
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int err, max = end > 0 ? end - 1 : INT_MAX;
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if ((int)id < start)
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id = start;
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err = idr_alloc_u32(idr, ptr, &id, max, gfp);
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if ((err == -ENOSPC) && (id > start)) {
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id = start;
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err = idr_alloc_u32(idr, ptr, &id, max, gfp);
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}
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if (err)
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return err;
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idr->idr_next = id + 1;
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return id;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(idr_alloc_cyclic);
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/**
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* idr_remove() - Remove an ID from the IDR.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @id: Pointer ID.
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*
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* Removes this ID from the IDR. If the ID was not previously in the IDR,
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* this function returns %NULL.
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*
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* Since this function modifies the IDR, the caller should provide their
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* own locking to ensure that concurrent modification of the same IDR is
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* not possible.
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*
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* Return: The pointer formerly associated with this ID.
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*/
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void *idr_remove(struct idr *idr, unsigned long id)
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{
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return radix_tree_delete_item(&idr->idr_rt, id - idr->idr_base, NULL);
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(idr_remove);
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/**
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* idr_find() - Return pointer for given ID.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @id: Pointer ID.
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*
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* Looks up the pointer associated with this ID. A %NULL pointer may
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* indicate that @id is not allocated or that the %NULL pointer was
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* associated with this ID.
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*
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* This function can be called under rcu_read_lock(), given that the leaf
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* pointers lifetimes are correctly managed.
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*
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* Return: The pointer associated with this ID.
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*/
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void *idr_find(const struct idr *idr, unsigned long id)
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{
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return radix_tree_lookup(&idr->idr_rt, id - idr->idr_base);
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(idr_find);
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/**
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* idr_for_each() - Iterate through all stored pointers.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @fn: Function to be called for each pointer.
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* @data: Data passed to callback function.
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*
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* The callback function will be called for each entry in @idr, passing
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* the ID, the entry and @data.
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*
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* If @fn returns anything other than %0, the iteration stops and that
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* value is returned from this function.
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*
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* idr_for_each() can be called concurrently with idr_alloc() and
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* idr_remove() if protected by RCU. Newly added entries may not be
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* seen and deleted entries may be seen, but adding and removing entries
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* will not cause other entries to be skipped, nor spurious ones to be seen.
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*/
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int idr_for_each(const struct idr *idr,
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int (*fn)(int id, void *p, void *data), void *data)
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{
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struct radix_tree_iter iter;
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void __rcu **slot;
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int base = idr->idr_base;
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radix_tree_for_each_slot(slot, &idr->idr_rt, &iter, 0) {
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int ret;
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unsigned long id = iter.index + base;
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if (WARN_ON_ONCE(id > INT_MAX))
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break;
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ret = fn(id, rcu_dereference_raw(*slot), data);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(idr_for_each);
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/**
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* idr_get_next_ul() - Find next populated entry.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @nextid: Pointer to an ID.
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*
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* Returns the next populated entry in the tree with an ID greater than
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* or equal to the value pointed to by @nextid. On exit, @nextid is updated
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* to the ID of the found value. To use in a loop, the value pointed to by
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* nextid must be incremented by the user.
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*/
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void *idr_get_next_ul(struct idr *idr, unsigned long *nextid)
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{
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struct radix_tree_iter iter;
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void __rcu **slot;
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void *entry = NULL;
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unsigned long base = idr->idr_base;
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unsigned long id = *nextid;
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id = (id < base) ? 0 : id - base;
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radix_tree_for_each_slot(slot, &idr->idr_rt, &iter, id) {
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entry = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
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if (!entry)
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continue;
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if (!xa_is_internal(entry))
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break;
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if (slot != &idr->idr_rt.xa_head && !xa_is_retry(entry))
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break;
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slot = radix_tree_iter_retry(&iter);
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}
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if (!slot)
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return NULL;
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*nextid = iter.index + base;
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return entry;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(idr_get_next_ul);
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/**
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* idr_get_next() - Find next populated entry.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @nextid: Pointer to an ID.
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*
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* Returns the next populated entry in the tree with an ID greater than
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* or equal to the value pointed to by @nextid. On exit, @nextid is updated
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* to the ID of the found value. To use in a loop, the value pointed to by
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* nextid must be incremented by the user.
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*/
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void *idr_get_next(struct idr *idr, int *nextid)
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{
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unsigned long id = *nextid;
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void *entry = idr_get_next_ul(idr, &id);
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if (WARN_ON_ONCE(id > INT_MAX))
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return NULL;
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*nextid = id;
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return entry;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(idr_get_next);
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/**
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* idr_replace() - replace pointer for given ID.
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* @idr: IDR handle.
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* @ptr: New pointer to associate with the ID.
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* @id: ID to change.
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*
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* Replace the pointer registered with an ID and return the old value.
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* This function can be called under the RCU read lock concurrently with
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* idr_alloc() and idr_remove() (as long as the ID being removed is not
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* the one being replaced!).
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*
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* Returns: the old value on success. %-ENOENT indicates that @id was not
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* found. %-EINVAL indicates that @ptr was not valid.
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*/
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void *idr_replace(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, unsigned long id)
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{
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struct radix_tree_node *node;
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void __rcu **slot = NULL;
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void *entry;
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id -= idr->idr_base;
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entry = __radix_tree_lookup(&idr->idr_rt, id, &node, &slot);
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if (!slot || radix_tree_tag_get(&idr->idr_rt, id, IDR_FREE))
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return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
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__radix_tree_replace(&idr->idr_rt, node, slot, ptr);
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return entry;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(idr_replace);
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/**
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* DOC: IDA description
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*
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* The IDA is an ID allocator which does not provide the ability to
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* associate an ID with a pointer. As such, it only needs to store one
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* bit per ID, and so is more space efficient than an IDR. To use an IDA,
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* define it using DEFINE_IDA() (or embed a &struct ida in a data structure,
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* then initialise it using ida_init()). To allocate a new ID, call
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* ida_alloc(), ida_alloc_min(), ida_alloc_max() or ida_alloc_range().
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* To free an ID, call ida_free().
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*
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* ida_destroy() can be used to dispose of an IDA without needing to
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* free the individual IDs in it. You can use ida_is_empty() to find
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* out whether the IDA has any IDs currently allocated.
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*
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* The IDA handles its own locking. It is safe to call any of the IDA
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* functions without synchronisation in your code.
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*
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* IDs are currently limited to the range [0-INT_MAX]. If this is an awkward
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* limitation, it should be quite straightforward to raise the maximum.
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*/
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/*
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* Developer's notes:
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*
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* The IDA uses the functionality provided by the XArray to store bitmaps in
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* each entry. The XA_FREE_MARK is only cleared when all bits in the bitmap
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* have been set.
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*
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* I considered telling the XArray that each slot is an order-10 node
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* and indexing by bit number, but the XArray can't allow a single multi-index
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* entry in the head, which would significantly increase memory consumption
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* for the IDA. So instead we divide the index by the number of bits in the
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* leaf bitmap before doing a radix tree lookup.
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*
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* As an optimisation, if there are only a few low bits set in any given
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* leaf, instead of allocating a 128-byte bitmap, we store the bits
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* as a value entry. Value entries never have the XA_FREE_MARK cleared
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* because we can always convert them into a bitmap entry.
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*
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* It would be possible to optimise further; once we've run out of a
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* single 128-byte bitmap, we currently switch to a 576-byte node, put
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* the 128-byte bitmap in the first entry and then start allocating extra
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* 128-byte entries. We could instead use the 512 bytes of the node's
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* data as a bitmap before moving to that scheme. I do not believe this
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* is a worthwhile optimisation; Rasmus Villemoes surveyed the current
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* users of the IDA and almost none of them use more than 1024 entries.
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* Those that do use more than the 8192 IDs that the 512 bytes would
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* provide.
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*
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* The IDA always uses a lock to alloc/free. If we add a 'test_bit'
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* equivalent, it will still need locking. Going to RCU lookup would require
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* using RCU to free bitmaps, and that's not trivial without embedding an
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* RCU head in the bitmap, which adds a 2-pointer overhead to each 128-byte
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* bitmap, which is excessive.
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*/
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/**
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* ida_alloc_range() - Allocate an unused ID.
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* @ida: IDA handle.
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* @min: Lowest ID to allocate.
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* @max: Highest ID to allocate.
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* @gfp: Memory allocation flags.
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*
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* Allocate an ID between @min and @max, inclusive. The allocated ID will
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* not exceed %INT_MAX, even if @max is larger.
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*
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* Context: Any context.
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* Return: The allocated ID, or %-ENOMEM if memory could not be allocated,
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* or %-ENOSPC if there are no free IDs.
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*/
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int ida_alloc_range(struct ida *ida, unsigned int min, unsigned int max,
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gfp_t gfp)
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{
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XA_STATE(xas, &ida->xa, min / IDA_BITMAP_BITS);
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unsigned bit = min % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
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unsigned long flags;
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struct ida_bitmap *bitmap, *alloc = NULL;
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if ((int)min < 0)
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return -ENOSPC;
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if ((int)max < 0)
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max = INT_MAX;
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retry:
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xas_lock_irqsave(&xas, flags);
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next:
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bitmap = xas_find_marked(&xas, max / IDA_BITMAP_BITS, XA_FREE_MARK);
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if (xas.xa_index > min / IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
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bit = 0;
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if (xas.xa_index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS + bit > max)
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goto nospc;
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if (xa_is_value(bitmap)) {
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unsigned long tmp = xa_to_value(bitmap);
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if (bit < BITS_PER_XA_VALUE) {
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bit = find_next_zero_bit(&tmp, BITS_PER_XA_VALUE, bit);
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if (xas.xa_index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS + bit > max)
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goto nospc;
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if (bit < BITS_PER_XA_VALUE) {
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tmp |= 1UL << bit;
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xas_store(&xas, xa_mk_value(tmp));
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goto out;
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}
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}
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bitmap = alloc;
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if (!bitmap)
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bitmap = kzalloc(sizeof(*bitmap), GFP_NOWAIT);
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if (!bitmap)
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goto alloc;
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bitmap->bitmap[0] = tmp;
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xas_store(&xas, bitmap);
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if (xas_error(&xas)) {
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bitmap->bitmap[0] = 0;
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goto out;
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}
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}
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if (bitmap) {
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bit = find_next_zero_bit(bitmap->bitmap, IDA_BITMAP_BITS, bit);
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if (xas.xa_index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS + bit > max)
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goto nospc;
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if (bit == IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
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goto next;
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__set_bit(bit, bitmap->bitmap);
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if (bitmap_full(bitmap->bitmap, IDA_BITMAP_BITS))
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xas_clear_mark(&xas, XA_FREE_MARK);
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} else {
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if (bit < BITS_PER_XA_VALUE) {
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bitmap = xa_mk_value(1UL << bit);
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} else {
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bitmap = alloc;
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if (!bitmap)
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bitmap = kzalloc(sizeof(*bitmap), GFP_NOWAIT);
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if (!bitmap)
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goto alloc;
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__set_bit(bit, bitmap->bitmap);
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}
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xas_store(&xas, bitmap);
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}
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out:
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xas_unlock_irqrestore(&xas, flags);
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if (xas_nomem(&xas, gfp)) {
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xas.xa_index = min / IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
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bit = min % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
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goto retry;
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}
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if (bitmap != alloc)
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kfree(alloc);
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if (xas_error(&xas))
|
|
return xas_error(&xas);
|
|
return xas.xa_index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS + bit;
|
|
alloc:
|
|
xas_unlock_irqrestore(&xas, flags);
|
|
alloc = kzalloc(sizeof(*bitmap), gfp);
|
|
if (!alloc)
|
|
return -ENOMEM;
|
|
xas_set(&xas, min / IDA_BITMAP_BITS);
|
|
bit = min % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
|
|
goto retry;
|
|
nospc:
|
|
xas_unlock_irqrestore(&xas, flags);
|
|
return -ENOSPC;
|
|
}
|
|
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ida_alloc_range);
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* ida_free() - Release an allocated ID.
|
|
* @ida: IDA handle.
|
|
* @id: Previously allocated ID.
|
|
*
|
|
* Context: Any context.
|
|
*/
|
|
void ida_free(struct ida *ida, unsigned int id)
|
|
{
|
|
XA_STATE(xas, &ida->xa, id / IDA_BITMAP_BITS);
|
|
unsigned bit = id % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
|
|
struct ida_bitmap *bitmap;
|
|
unsigned long flags;
|
|
|
|
BUG_ON((int)id < 0);
|
|
|
|
xas_lock_irqsave(&xas, flags);
|
|
bitmap = xas_load(&xas);
|
|
|
|
if (xa_is_value(bitmap)) {
|
|
unsigned long v = xa_to_value(bitmap);
|
|
if (bit >= BITS_PER_XA_VALUE)
|
|
goto err;
|
|
if (!(v & (1UL << bit)))
|
|
goto err;
|
|
v &= ~(1UL << bit);
|
|
if (!v)
|
|
goto delete;
|
|
xas_store(&xas, xa_mk_value(v));
|
|
} else {
|
|
if (!test_bit(bit, bitmap->bitmap))
|
|
goto err;
|
|
__clear_bit(bit, bitmap->bitmap);
|
|
xas_set_mark(&xas, XA_FREE_MARK);
|
|
if (bitmap_empty(bitmap->bitmap, IDA_BITMAP_BITS)) {
|
|
kfree(bitmap);
|
|
delete:
|
|
xas_store(&xas, NULL);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
xas_unlock_irqrestore(&xas, flags);
|
|
return;
|
|
err:
|
|
xas_unlock_irqrestore(&xas, flags);
|
|
WARN(1, "ida_free called for id=%d which is not allocated.\n", id);
|
|
}
|
|
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ida_free);
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* ida_destroy() - Free all IDs.
|
|
* @ida: IDA handle.
|
|
*
|
|
* Calling this function frees all IDs and releases all resources used
|
|
* by an IDA. When this call returns, the IDA is empty and can be reused
|
|
* or freed. If the IDA is already empty, there is no need to call this
|
|
* function.
|
|
*
|
|
* Context: Any context.
|
|
*/
|
|
void ida_destroy(struct ida *ida)
|
|
{
|
|
XA_STATE(xas, &ida->xa, 0);
|
|
struct ida_bitmap *bitmap;
|
|
unsigned long flags;
|
|
|
|
xas_lock_irqsave(&xas, flags);
|
|
xas_for_each(&xas, bitmap, ULONG_MAX) {
|
|
if (!xa_is_value(bitmap))
|
|
kfree(bitmap);
|
|
xas_store(&xas, NULL);
|
|
}
|
|
xas_unlock_irqrestore(&xas, flags);
|
|
}
|
|
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ida_destroy);
|
|
|
|
#ifndef __KERNEL__
|
|
extern void xa_dump_index(unsigned long index, unsigned int shift);
|
|
#define IDA_CHUNK_SHIFT ilog2(IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
|
|
|
|
static void ida_dump_entry(void *entry, unsigned long index)
|
|
{
|
|
unsigned long i;
|
|
|
|
if (!entry)
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
if (xa_is_node(entry)) {
|
|
struct xa_node *node = xa_to_node(entry);
|
|
unsigned int shift = node->shift + IDA_CHUNK_SHIFT +
|
|
XA_CHUNK_SHIFT;
|
|
|
|
xa_dump_index(index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS, shift);
|
|
xa_dump_node(node);
|
|
for (i = 0; i < XA_CHUNK_SIZE; i++)
|
|
ida_dump_entry(node->slots[i],
|
|
index | (i << node->shift));
|
|
} else if (xa_is_value(entry)) {
|
|
xa_dump_index(index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS, ilog2(BITS_PER_LONG));
|
|
pr_cont("value: data %lx [%px]\n", xa_to_value(entry), entry);
|
|
} else {
|
|
struct ida_bitmap *bitmap = entry;
|
|
|
|
xa_dump_index(index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS, IDA_CHUNK_SHIFT);
|
|
pr_cont("bitmap: %p data", bitmap);
|
|
for (i = 0; i < IDA_BITMAP_LONGS; i++)
|
|
pr_cont(" %lx", bitmap->bitmap[i]);
|
|
pr_cont("\n");
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static void ida_dump(struct ida *ida)
|
|
{
|
|
struct xarray *xa = &ida->xa;
|
|
pr_debug("ida: %p node %p free %d\n", ida, xa->xa_head,
|
|
xa->xa_flags >> ROOT_TAG_SHIFT);
|
|
ida_dump_entry(xa->xa_head, 0);
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|