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616 lines
17 KiB
C
616 lines
17 KiB
C
/*
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* Copyright (c) 1995
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* Ted Lemon (hereinafter referred to as the author)
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND
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* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE
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* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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* SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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/* elf2ecoff.c
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This program converts an elf executable to an ECOFF executable.
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No symbol table is retained. This is useful primarily in building
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net-bootable kernels for machines (e.g., DECstation and Alpha) which
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only support the ECOFF object file format. */
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <fcntl.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include <elf.h>
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#include <limits.h>
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#include <netinet/in.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include "ecoff.h"
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/*
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* Some extra ELF definitions
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*/
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#define PT_MIPS_REGINFO 0x70000000 /* Register usage information */
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/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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struct sect {
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unsigned long vaddr;
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unsigned long len;
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};
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int *symTypeTable;
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int must_convert_endian;
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int format_bigendian;
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static void copy(int out, int in, off_t offset, off_t size)
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{
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char ibuf[4096];
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int remaining, cur, count;
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/* Go to the start of the ELF symbol table... */
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if (lseek(in, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
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perror("copy: lseek");
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exit(1);
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}
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remaining = size;
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while (remaining) {
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cur = remaining;
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if (cur > sizeof ibuf)
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cur = sizeof ibuf;
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remaining -= cur;
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if ((count = read(in, ibuf, cur)) != cur) {
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fprintf(stderr, "copy: read: %s\n",
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count ? strerror(errno) :
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"premature end of file");
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exit(1);
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}
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if ((count = write(out, ibuf, cur)) != cur) {
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perror("copy: write");
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exit(1);
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}
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}
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}
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/*
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* Combine two segments, which must be contiguous. If pad is true, it's
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* okay for there to be padding between.
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*/
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static void combine(struct sect *base, struct sect *new, int pad)
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{
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if (!base->len)
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*base = *new;
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else if (new->len) {
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if (base->vaddr + base->len != new->vaddr) {
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if (pad)
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base->len = new->vaddr - base->vaddr;
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else {
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fprintf(stderr,
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"Non-contiguous data can't be converted.\n");
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exit(1);
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}
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}
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base->len += new->len;
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}
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}
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static int phcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
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{
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const Elf32_Phdr *h1 = v1;
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const Elf32_Phdr *h2 = v2;
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if (h1->p_vaddr > h2->p_vaddr)
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return 1;
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else if (h1->p_vaddr < h2->p_vaddr)
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return -1;
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else
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return 0;
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}
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static char *saveRead(int file, off_t offset, off_t len, char *name)
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{
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char *tmp;
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int count;
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off_t off;
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if ((off = lseek(file, offset, SEEK_SET)) < 0) {
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fprintf(stderr, "%s: fseek: %s\n", name, strerror(errno));
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exit(1);
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}
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if (!(tmp = (char *) malloc(len))) {
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fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't allocate %ld bytes.\n", name,
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len);
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exit(1);
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}
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count = read(file, tmp, len);
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if (count != len) {
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fprintf(stderr, "%s: read: %s.\n",
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name,
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count ? strerror(errno) : "End of file reached");
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exit(1);
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}
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return tmp;
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}
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#define swab16(x) \
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((unsigned short)( \
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(((unsigned short)(x) & (unsigned short)0x00ffU) << 8) | \
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(((unsigned short)(x) & (unsigned short)0xff00U) >> 8) ))
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#define swab32(x) \
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((unsigned int)( \
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(((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0x000000ffUL) << 24) | \
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(((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0x0000ff00UL) << 8) | \
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(((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0x00ff0000UL) >> 8) | \
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(((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0xff000000UL) >> 24) ))
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static void convert_elf_hdr(Elf32_Ehdr * e)
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{
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e->e_type = swab16(e->e_type);
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e->e_machine = swab16(e->e_machine);
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e->e_version = swab32(e->e_version);
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e->e_entry = swab32(e->e_entry);
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e->e_phoff = swab32(e->e_phoff);
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e->e_shoff = swab32(e->e_shoff);
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e->e_flags = swab32(e->e_flags);
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e->e_ehsize = swab16(e->e_ehsize);
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e->e_phentsize = swab16(e->e_phentsize);
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e->e_phnum = swab16(e->e_phnum);
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e->e_shentsize = swab16(e->e_shentsize);
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e->e_shnum = swab16(e->e_shnum);
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e->e_shstrndx = swab16(e->e_shstrndx);
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}
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static void convert_elf_phdrs(Elf32_Phdr * p, int num)
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{
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int i;
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for (i = 0; i < num; i++, p++) {
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p->p_type = swab32(p->p_type);
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p->p_offset = swab32(p->p_offset);
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p->p_vaddr = swab32(p->p_vaddr);
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p->p_paddr = swab32(p->p_paddr);
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p->p_filesz = swab32(p->p_filesz);
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p->p_memsz = swab32(p->p_memsz);
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p->p_flags = swab32(p->p_flags);
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p->p_align = swab32(p->p_align);
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}
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}
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static void convert_elf_shdrs(Elf32_Shdr * s, int num)
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{
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int i;
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for (i = 0; i < num; i++, s++) {
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s->sh_name = swab32(s->sh_name);
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s->sh_type = swab32(s->sh_type);
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s->sh_flags = swab32(s->sh_flags);
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s->sh_addr = swab32(s->sh_addr);
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s->sh_offset = swab32(s->sh_offset);
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s->sh_size = swab32(s->sh_size);
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s->sh_link = swab32(s->sh_link);
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s->sh_info = swab32(s->sh_info);
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s->sh_addralign = swab32(s->sh_addralign);
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s->sh_entsize = swab32(s->sh_entsize);
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}
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}
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static void convert_ecoff_filehdr(struct filehdr *f)
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{
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f->f_magic = swab16(f->f_magic);
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f->f_nscns = swab16(f->f_nscns);
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f->f_timdat = swab32(f->f_timdat);
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f->f_symptr = swab32(f->f_symptr);
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f->f_nsyms = swab32(f->f_nsyms);
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f->f_opthdr = swab16(f->f_opthdr);
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f->f_flags = swab16(f->f_flags);
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}
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static void convert_ecoff_aouthdr(struct aouthdr *a)
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{
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a->magic = swab16(a->magic);
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a->vstamp = swab16(a->vstamp);
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a->tsize = swab32(a->tsize);
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a->dsize = swab32(a->dsize);
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a->bsize = swab32(a->bsize);
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a->entry = swab32(a->entry);
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a->text_start = swab32(a->text_start);
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a->data_start = swab32(a->data_start);
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a->bss_start = swab32(a->bss_start);
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a->gprmask = swab32(a->gprmask);
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a->cprmask[0] = swab32(a->cprmask[0]);
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a->cprmask[1] = swab32(a->cprmask[1]);
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a->cprmask[2] = swab32(a->cprmask[2]);
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a->cprmask[3] = swab32(a->cprmask[3]);
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a->gp_value = swab32(a->gp_value);
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}
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static void convert_ecoff_esecs(struct scnhdr *s, int num)
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{
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int i;
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for (i = 0; i < num; i++, s++) {
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s->s_paddr = swab32(s->s_paddr);
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s->s_vaddr = swab32(s->s_vaddr);
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s->s_size = swab32(s->s_size);
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s->s_scnptr = swab32(s->s_scnptr);
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s->s_relptr = swab32(s->s_relptr);
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s->s_lnnoptr = swab32(s->s_lnnoptr);
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s->s_nreloc = swab16(s->s_nreloc);
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s->s_nlnno = swab16(s->s_nlnno);
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s->s_flags = swab32(s->s_flags);
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}
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}
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int main(int argc, char *argv[])
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{
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Elf32_Ehdr ex;
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Elf32_Phdr *ph;
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Elf32_Shdr *sh;
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char *shstrtab;
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int i, pad;
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struct sect text, data, bss;
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struct filehdr efh;
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struct aouthdr eah;
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struct scnhdr esecs[6];
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int infile, outfile;
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unsigned long cur_vma = ULONG_MAX;
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int addflag = 0;
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int nosecs;
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text.len = data.len = bss.len = 0;
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text.vaddr = data.vaddr = bss.vaddr = 0;
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/* Check args... */
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if (argc < 3 || argc > 4) {
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usage:
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fprintf(stderr,
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"usage: elf2ecoff <elf executable> <ecoff executable> [-a]\n");
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exit(1);
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}
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if (argc == 4) {
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if (strcmp(argv[3], "-a"))
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goto usage;
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addflag = 1;
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}
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/* Try the input file... */
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if ((infile = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Can't open %s for read: %s\n",
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argv[1], strerror(errno));
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exit(1);
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}
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/* Read the header, which is at the beginning of the file... */
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i = read(infile, &ex, sizeof ex);
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if (i != sizeof ex) {
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fprintf(stderr, "ex: %s: %s.\n",
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argv[1],
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i ? strerror(errno) : "End of file reached");
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exit(1);
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}
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if (ex.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB)
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format_bigendian = 1;
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if (ntohs(0xaa55) == 0xaa55) {
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if (!format_bigendian)
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must_convert_endian = 1;
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} else {
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if (format_bigendian)
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must_convert_endian = 1;
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}
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if (must_convert_endian)
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convert_elf_hdr(&ex);
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/* Read the program headers... */
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ph = (Elf32_Phdr *) saveRead(infile, ex.e_phoff,
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ex.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr),
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"ph");
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if (must_convert_endian)
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convert_elf_phdrs(ph, ex.e_phnum);
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/* Read the section headers... */
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sh = (Elf32_Shdr *) saveRead(infile, ex.e_shoff,
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ex.e_shnum * sizeof(Elf32_Shdr),
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"sh");
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if (must_convert_endian)
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convert_elf_shdrs(sh, ex.e_shnum);
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/* Read in the section string table. */
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shstrtab = saveRead(infile, sh[ex.e_shstrndx].sh_offset,
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sh[ex.e_shstrndx].sh_size, "shstrtab");
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/* Figure out if we can cram the program header into an ECOFF
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header... Basically, we can't handle anything but loadable
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segments, but we can ignore some kinds of segments. We can't
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handle holes in the address space. Segments may be out of order,
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so we sort them first. */
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qsort(ph, ex.e_phnum, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), phcmp);
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for (i = 0; i < ex.e_phnum; i++) {
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/* Section types we can ignore... */
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if (ph[i].p_type == PT_NULL || ph[i].p_type == PT_NOTE ||
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ph[i].p_type == PT_PHDR
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|| ph[i].p_type == PT_MIPS_REGINFO)
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continue;
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/* Section types we can't handle... */
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else if (ph[i].p_type != PT_LOAD) {
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fprintf(stderr,
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"Program header %d type %d can't be converted.\n",
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ex.e_phnum, ph[i].p_type);
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exit(1);
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}
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/* Writable (data) segment? */
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if (ph[i].p_flags & PF_W) {
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struct sect ndata, nbss;
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ndata.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr;
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ndata.len = ph[i].p_filesz;
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nbss.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr + ph[i].p_filesz;
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nbss.len = ph[i].p_memsz - ph[i].p_filesz;
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combine(&data, &ndata, 0);
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combine(&bss, &nbss, 1);
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} else {
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struct sect ntxt;
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ntxt.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr;
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ntxt.len = ph[i].p_filesz;
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combine(&text, &ntxt, 0);
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}
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/* Remember the lowest segment start address. */
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if (ph[i].p_vaddr < cur_vma)
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cur_vma = ph[i].p_vaddr;
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}
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/* Sections must be in order to be converted... */
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if (text.vaddr > data.vaddr || data.vaddr > bss.vaddr ||
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text.vaddr + text.len > data.vaddr
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|| data.vaddr + data.len > bss.vaddr) {
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fprintf(stderr,
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"Sections ordering prevents a.out conversion.\n");
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exit(1);
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}
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/* If there's a data section but no text section, then the loader
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combined everything into one section. That needs to be the
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text section, so just make the data section zero length following
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text. */
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if (data.len && !text.len) {
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text = data;
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data.vaddr = text.vaddr + text.len;
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data.len = 0;
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}
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/* If there is a gap between text and data, we'll fill it when we copy
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the data, so update the length of the text segment as represented in
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a.out to reflect that, since a.out doesn't allow gaps in the program
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address space. */
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if (text.vaddr + text.len < data.vaddr)
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text.len = data.vaddr - text.vaddr;
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/* We now have enough information to cons up an a.out header... */
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eah.magic = OMAGIC;
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eah.vstamp = 200;
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eah.tsize = text.len;
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eah.dsize = data.len;
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eah.bsize = bss.len;
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eah.entry = ex.e_entry;
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eah.text_start = text.vaddr;
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eah.data_start = data.vaddr;
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eah.bss_start = bss.vaddr;
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eah.gprmask = 0xf3fffffe;
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memset(&eah.cprmask, '\0', sizeof eah.cprmask);
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eah.gp_value = 0; /* unused. */
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if (format_bigendian)
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efh.f_magic = MIPSEBMAGIC;
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else
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efh.f_magic = MIPSELMAGIC;
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if (addflag)
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nosecs = 6;
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else
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nosecs = 3;
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efh.f_nscns = nosecs;
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efh.f_timdat = 0; /* bogus */
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efh.f_symptr = 0;
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efh.f_nsyms = 0;
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efh.f_opthdr = sizeof eah;
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efh.f_flags = 0x100f; /* Stripped, not sharable. */
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memset(esecs, 0, sizeof esecs);
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strcpy(esecs[0].s_name, ".text");
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strcpy(esecs[1].s_name, ".data");
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strcpy(esecs[2].s_name, ".bss");
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if (addflag) {
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strcpy(esecs[3].s_name, ".rdata");
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strcpy(esecs[4].s_name, ".sdata");
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strcpy(esecs[5].s_name, ".sbss");
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}
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esecs[0].s_paddr = esecs[0].s_vaddr = eah.text_start;
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esecs[1].s_paddr = esecs[1].s_vaddr = eah.data_start;
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esecs[2].s_paddr = esecs[2].s_vaddr = eah.bss_start;
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if (addflag) {
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esecs[3].s_paddr = esecs[3].s_vaddr = 0;
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esecs[4].s_paddr = esecs[4].s_vaddr = 0;
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esecs[5].s_paddr = esecs[5].s_vaddr = 0;
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}
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esecs[0].s_size = eah.tsize;
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esecs[1].s_size = eah.dsize;
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|
esecs[2].s_size = eah.bsize;
|
|
if (addflag) {
|
|
esecs[3].s_size = 0;
|
|
esecs[4].s_size = 0;
|
|
esecs[5].s_size = 0;
|
|
}
|
|
esecs[0].s_scnptr = N_TXTOFF(efh, eah);
|
|
esecs[1].s_scnptr = N_DATOFF(efh, eah);
|
|
#define ECOFF_SEGMENT_ALIGNMENT(a) 0x10
|
|
#define ECOFF_ROUND(s, a) (((s)+(a)-1)&~((a)-1))
|
|
esecs[2].s_scnptr = esecs[1].s_scnptr +
|
|
ECOFF_ROUND(esecs[1].s_size, ECOFF_SEGMENT_ALIGNMENT(&eah));
|
|
if (addflag) {
|
|
esecs[3].s_scnptr = 0;
|
|
esecs[4].s_scnptr = 0;
|
|
esecs[5].s_scnptr = 0;
|
|
}
|
|
esecs[0].s_relptr = esecs[1].s_relptr = esecs[2].s_relptr = 0;
|
|
esecs[0].s_lnnoptr = esecs[1].s_lnnoptr = esecs[2].s_lnnoptr = 0;
|
|
esecs[0].s_nreloc = esecs[1].s_nreloc = esecs[2].s_nreloc = 0;
|
|
esecs[0].s_nlnno = esecs[1].s_nlnno = esecs[2].s_nlnno = 0;
|
|
if (addflag) {
|
|
esecs[3].s_relptr = esecs[4].s_relptr
|
|
= esecs[5].s_relptr = 0;
|
|
esecs[3].s_lnnoptr = esecs[4].s_lnnoptr
|
|
= esecs[5].s_lnnoptr = 0;
|
|
esecs[3].s_nreloc = esecs[4].s_nreloc = esecs[5].s_nreloc =
|
|
0;
|
|
esecs[3].s_nlnno = esecs[4].s_nlnno = esecs[5].s_nlnno = 0;
|
|
}
|
|
esecs[0].s_flags = 0x20;
|
|
esecs[1].s_flags = 0x40;
|
|
esecs[2].s_flags = 0x82;
|
|
if (addflag) {
|
|
esecs[3].s_flags = 0x100;
|
|
esecs[4].s_flags = 0x200;
|
|
esecs[5].s_flags = 0x400;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Make the output file... */
|
|
if ((outfile = open(argv[2], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0777)) < 0) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to create %s: %s\n", argv[2],
|
|
strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (must_convert_endian)
|
|
convert_ecoff_filehdr(&efh);
|
|
/* Write the headers... */
|
|
i = write(outfile, &efh, sizeof efh);
|
|
if (i != sizeof efh) {
|
|
perror("efh: write");
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
|
|
for (i = 0; i < nosecs; i++) {
|
|
printf
|
|
("Section %d: %s phys %lx size %lx file offset %lx\n",
|
|
i, esecs[i].s_name, esecs[i].s_paddr,
|
|
esecs[i].s_size, esecs[i].s_scnptr);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte file header.\n", i);
|
|
|
|
if (must_convert_endian)
|
|
convert_ecoff_aouthdr(&eah);
|
|
i = write(outfile, &eah, sizeof eah);
|
|
if (i != sizeof eah) {
|
|
perror("eah: write");
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte a.out header.\n", i);
|
|
|
|
if (must_convert_endian)
|
|
convert_ecoff_esecs(&esecs[0], nosecs);
|
|
i = write(outfile, &esecs, nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr));
|
|
if (i != nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr)) {
|
|
perror("esecs: write");
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d bytes of section headers.\n", i);
|
|
|
|
pad = (sizeof(efh) + sizeof(eah) + nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr)) & 15;
|
|
if (pad) {
|
|
pad = 16 - pad;
|
|
i = write(outfile, "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0", pad);
|
|
if (i < 0) {
|
|
perror("ipad: write");
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte pad.\n", i);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Copy the loadable sections. Zero-fill any gaps less than 64k;
|
|
* complain about any zero-filling, and die if we're asked to zero-fill
|
|
* more than 64k.
|
|
*/
|
|
for (i = 0; i < ex.e_phnum; i++) {
|
|
/* Unprocessable sections were handled above, so just verify that
|
|
the section can be loaded before copying. */
|
|
if (ph[i].p_type == PT_LOAD && ph[i].p_filesz) {
|
|
if (cur_vma != ph[i].p_vaddr) {
|
|
unsigned long gap =
|
|
ph[i].p_vaddr - cur_vma;
|
|
char obuf[1024];
|
|
if (gap > 65536) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr,
|
|
"Intersegment gap (%ld bytes) too large.\n",
|
|
gap);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
fprintf(stderr,
|
|
"Warning: %ld byte intersegment gap.\n",
|
|
gap);
|
|
memset(obuf, 0, sizeof obuf);
|
|
while (gap) {
|
|
int count =
|
|
write(outfile, obuf,
|
|
(gap >
|
|
sizeof obuf ? sizeof
|
|
obuf : gap));
|
|
if (count < 0) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr,
|
|
"Error writing gap: %s\n",
|
|
strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
gap -= count;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "writing %d bytes...\n",
|
|
ph[i].p_filesz);
|
|
copy(outfile, infile, ph[i].p_offset,
|
|
ph[i].p_filesz);
|
|
cur_vma = ph[i].p_vaddr + ph[i].p_filesz;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Write a page of padding for boot PROMS that read entire pages.
|
|
* Without this, they may attempt to read past the end of the
|
|
* data section, incur an error, and refuse to boot.
|
|
*/
|
|
{
|
|
char obuf[4096];
|
|
memset(obuf, 0, sizeof obuf);
|
|
if (write(outfile, obuf, sizeof(obuf)) != sizeof(obuf)) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "Error writing PROM padding: %s\n",
|
|
strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Looks like we won... */
|
|
exit(0);
|
|
}
|