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![Greg Kroah-Hartman](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
98 lines
3.2 KiB
C
98 lines
3.2 KiB
C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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#include <linux/kernel.h>
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#include <linux/init.h>
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#include <linux/memblock.h>
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#include <asm/setup.h>
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#include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
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/*
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* This function reserves all conventional PC system BIOS related
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* firmware memory areas (some of which are data, some of which
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* are code), that must not be used by the kernel as available
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* RAM.
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*
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* The BIOS places the EBDA/XBDA at the top of conventional
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* memory, and usually decreases the reported amount of
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* conventional memory (int 0x12) too.
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*
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* This means that as a first approximation on most systems we can
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* guess the reserved BIOS area by looking at the low BIOS RAM size
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* value and assume that everything above that value (up to 1MB) is
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* reserved.
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*
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* But life in firmware country is not that simple:
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*
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* - This code also contains a quirk for Dell systems that neglect
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* to reserve the EBDA area in the 'RAM size' value ...
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*
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* - The same quirk also avoids a problem with the AMD768MPX
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* chipset: reserve a page before VGA to prevent PCI prefetch
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* into it (errata #56). (Usually the page is reserved anyways,
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* unless you have no PS/2 mouse plugged in.)
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*
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* - Plus paravirt systems don't have a reliable value in the
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* 'BIOS RAM size' pointer we can rely on, so we must quirk
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* them too.
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*
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* Due to those various problems this function is deliberately
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* very conservative and tries to err on the side of reserving
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* too much, to not risk reserving too little.
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*
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* Losing a small amount of memory in the bottom megabyte is
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* rarely a problem, as long as we have enough memory to install
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* the SMP bootup trampoline which *must* be in this area.
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*
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* Using memory that is in use by the BIOS or by some DMA device
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* the BIOS didn't shut down *is* a big problem to the kernel,
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* obviously.
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*/
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#define BIOS_RAM_SIZE_KB_PTR 0x413
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#define BIOS_START_MIN 0x20000U /* 128K, less than this is insane */
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#define BIOS_START_MAX 0x9f000U /* 640K, absolute maximum */
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void __init reserve_bios_regions(void)
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{
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unsigned int bios_start, ebda_start;
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/*
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* NOTE: In a paravirtual environment the BIOS reserved
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* area is absent. We'll just have to assume that the
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* paravirt case can handle memory setup correctly,
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* without our help.
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*/
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if (!x86_platform.legacy.reserve_bios_regions)
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return;
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/*
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* BIOS RAM size is encoded in kilobytes, convert it
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* to bytes to get a first guess at where the BIOS
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* firmware area starts:
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*/
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bios_start = *(unsigned short *)__va(BIOS_RAM_SIZE_KB_PTR);
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bios_start <<= 10;
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/*
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* If bios_start is less than 128K, assume it is bogus
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* and bump it up to 640K. Similarly, if bios_start is above 640K,
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* don't trust it.
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*/
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if (bios_start < BIOS_START_MIN || bios_start > BIOS_START_MAX)
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bios_start = BIOS_START_MAX;
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/* Get the start address of the EBDA page: */
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ebda_start = get_bios_ebda();
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/*
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* If the EBDA start address is sane and is below the BIOS region,
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* then also reserve everything from the EBDA start address up to
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* the BIOS region.
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*/
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if (ebda_start >= BIOS_START_MIN && ebda_start < bios_start)
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bios_start = ebda_start;
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/* Reserve all memory between bios_start and the 1MB mark: */
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memblock_reserve(bios_start, 0x100000 - bios_start);
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}
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