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![Justin P. Mattock](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Below you will find an updated version from the original series bunching all patches into one big patch updating broken web addresses that are located in Documentation/* Some of the addresses date as far far back as 1995 etc... so searching became a bit difficult, the best way to deal with these is to use web.archive.org to locate these addresses that are outdated. Now there are also some addresses pointing to .spec files some are located, but some(after searching on the companies site)where still no where to be found. In this case I just changed the address to the company site this way the users can contact the company and they can locate them for the users. Signed-off-by: Justin P. Mattock <justinmattock@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Weber <weber@corscience.de> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier.adi@gmail.com> Cc: Paulo Marques <pmarques@grupopie.com> Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net> Cc: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
197 lines
7.1 KiB
Text
197 lines
7.1 KiB
Text
ARM Linux 2.6
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=============
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Please check <ftp://ftp.arm.linux.org.uk/pub/armlinux> for
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updates.
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Compilation of kernel
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---------------------
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In order to compile ARM Linux, you will need a compiler capable of
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generating ARM ELF code with GNU extensions. GCC 3.3 is known to be
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a good compiler. Fortunately, you needn't guess. The kernel will report
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an error if your compiler is a recognized offender.
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To build ARM Linux natively, you shouldn't have to alter the ARCH = line
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in the top level Makefile. However, if you don't have the ARM Linux ELF
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tools installed as default, then you should change the CROSS_COMPILE
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line as detailed below.
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If you wish to cross-compile, then alter the following lines in the top
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level make file:
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ARCH = <whatever>
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with
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ARCH = arm
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and
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CROSS_COMPILE=
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to
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CROSS_COMPILE=<your-path-to-your-compiler-without-gcc>
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eg.
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CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-
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Do a 'make config', followed by 'make Image' to build the kernel
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(arch/arm/boot/Image). A compressed image can be built by doing a
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'make zImage' instead of 'make Image'.
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Bug reports etc
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---------------
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Please send patches to the patch system. For more information, see
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http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/patches/info.php Always include some
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explanation as to what the patch does and why it is needed.
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Bug reports should be sent to linux-arm-kernel@lists.arm.linux.org.uk,
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or submitted through the web form at
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http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/
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When sending bug reports, please ensure that they contain all relevant
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information, eg. the kernel messages that were printed before/during
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the problem, what you were doing, etc.
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Include files
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-------------
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Several new include directories have been created under include/asm-arm,
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which are there to reduce the clutter in the top-level directory. These
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directories, and their purpose is listed below:
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arch-* machine/platform specific header files
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hardware driver-internal ARM specific data structures/definitions
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mach descriptions of generic ARM to specific machine interfaces
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proc-* processor dependent header files (currently only two
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categories)
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Machine/Platform support
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------------------------
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The ARM tree contains support for a lot of different machine types. To
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continue supporting these differences, it has become necessary to split
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machine-specific parts by directory. For this, the machine category is
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used to select which directories and files get included (we will use
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$(MACHINE) to refer to the category)
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To this end, we now have arch/arm/mach-$(MACHINE) directories which are
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designed to house the non-driver files for a particular machine (eg, PCI,
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memory management, architecture definitions etc). For all future
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machines, there should be a corresponding arch/arm/mach-$(MACHINE)/include/mach
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directory.
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Modules
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-------
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Although modularisation is supported (and required for the FP emulator),
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each module on an ARM2/ARM250/ARM3 machine when is loaded will take
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memory up to the next 32k boundary due to the size of the pages.
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Therefore, is modularisation on these machines really worth it?
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However, ARM6 and up machines allow modules to take multiples of 4k, and
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as such Acorn RiscPCs and other architectures using these processors can
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make good use of modularisation.
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ADFS Image files
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----------------
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You can access image files on your ADFS partitions by mounting the ADFS
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partition, and then using the loopback device driver. You must have
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losetup installed.
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Please note that the PCEmulator DOS partitions have a partition table at
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the start, and as such, you will have to give '-o offset' to losetup.
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Request to developers
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---------------------
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When writing device drivers which include a separate assembler file, please
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include it in with the C file, and not the arch/arm/lib directory. This
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allows the driver to be compiled as a loadable module without requiring
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half the code to be compiled into the kernel image.
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In general, try to avoid using assembler unless it is really necessary. It
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makes drivers far less easy to port to other hardware.
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ST506 hard drives
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-----------------
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The ST506 hard drive controllers seem to be working fine (if a little
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slowly). At the moment they will only work off the controllers on an
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A4x0's motherboard, but for it to work off a Podule just requires
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someone with a podule to add the addresses for the IRQ mask and the
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HDC base to the source.
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As of 31/3/96 it works with two drives (you should get the ADFS
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*configure harddrive set to 2). I've got an internal 20MB and a great
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big external 5.25" FH 64MB drive (who could ever want more :-) ).
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I've just got 240K/s off it (a dd with bs=128k); thats about half of what
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RiscOS gets; but it's a heck of a lot better than the 50K/s I was getting
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last week :-)
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Known bug: Drive data errors can cause a hang; including cases where
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the controller has fixed the error using ECC. (Possibly ONLY
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in that case...hmm).
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1772 Floppy
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-----------
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This also seems to work OK, but hasn't been stressed much lately. It
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hasn't got any code for disc change detection in there at the moment which
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could be a bit of a problem! Suggestions on the correct way to do this
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are welcome.
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CONFIG_MACH_ and CONFIG_ARCH_
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-----------------------------
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A change was made in 2003 to the macro names for new machines.
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Historically, CONFIG_ARCH_ was used for the bonafide architecture,
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e.g. SA1100, as well as implementations of the architecture,
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e.g. Assabet. It was decided to change the implementation macros
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to read CONFIG_MACH_ for clarity. Moreover, a retroactive fixup has
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not been made because it would complicate patching.
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Previous registrations may be found online.
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<http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/machines/>
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Kernel entry (head.S)
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--------------------------
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The initial entry into the kernel is via head.S, which uses machine
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independent code. The machine is selected by the value of 'r1' on
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entry, which must be kept unique.
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Due to the large number of machines which the ARM port of Linux provides
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for, we have a method to manage this which ensures that we don't end up
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duplicating large amounts of code.
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We group machine (or platform) support code into machine classes. A
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class typically based around one or more system on a chip devices, and
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acts as a natural container around the actual implementations. These
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classes are given directories - arch/arm/mach-<class> and
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arch/arm/mach-<class> - which contain the source files to/include/mach
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support the machine class. This directories also contain any machine
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specific supporting code.
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For example, the SA1100 class is based upon the SA1100 and SA1110 SoC
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devices, and contains the code to support the way the on-board and off-
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board devices are used, or the device is setup, and provides that
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machine specific "personality."
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This fine-grained machine specific selection is controlled by the machine
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type ID, which acts both as a run-time and a compile-time code selection
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method.
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You can register a new machine via the web site at:
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<http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/machines/>
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---
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Russell King (15/03/2004)
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