// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. package bn256 import ( "math/big" ) // curvePoint implements the elliptic curve y²=x³+3. Points are kept in // Jacobian form and t=z² when valid. G₁ is the set of points of this curve on // GF(p). type curvePoint struct { x, y, z, t *big.Int } var curveB = new(big.Int).SetInt64(3) // curveGen is the generator of G₁. var curveGen = &curvePoint{ new(big.Int).SetInt64(1), new(big.Int).SetInt64(-2), new(big.Int).SetInt64(1), new(big.Int).SetInt64(1), } func newCurvePoint(pool *bnPool) *curvePoint { return &curvePoint{ pool.Get(), pool.Get(), pool.Get(), pool.Get(), } } func (c *curvePoint) String() string { c.MakeAffine(new(bnPool)) return "(" + c.x.String() + ", " + c.y.String() + ")" } func (c *curvePoint) Put(pool *bnPool) { pool.Put(c.x) pool.Put(c.y) pool.Put(c.z) pool.Put(c.t) } func (c *curvePoint) Set(a *curvePoint) { c.x.Set(a.x) c.y.Set(a.y) c.z.Set(a.z) c.t.Set(a.t) } // IsOnCurve returns true iff c is on the curve where c must be in affine form. func (c *curvePoint) IsOnCurve() bool { yy := new(big.Int).Mul(c.y, c.y) xxx := new(big.Int).Mul(c.x, c.x) xxx.Mul(xxx, c.x) yy.Sub(yy, xxx) yy.Sub(yy, curveB) if yy.Sign() < 0 || yy.Cmp(p) >= 0 { yy.Mod(yy, p) } return yy.Sign() == 0 } func (c *curvePoint) SetInfinity() { c.z.SetInt64(0) } func (c *curvePoint) IsInfinity() bool { return c.z.Sign() == 0 } func (c *curvePoint) Add(a, b *curvePoint, pool *bnPool) { if a.IsInfinity() { c.Set(b) return } if b.IsInfinity() { c.Set(a) return } // See http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-code/shortw/jacobian-0/addition/add-2007-bl.op3 // Normalize the points by replacing a = [x1:y1:z1] and b = [x2:y2:z2] // by [u1:s1:z1·z2] and [u2:s2:z1·z2] // where u1 = x1·z2², s1 = y1·z2³ and u1 = x2·z1², s2 = y2·z1³ z1z1 := pool.Get().Mul(a.z, a.z) z1z1.Mod(z1z1, p) z2z2 := pool.Get().Mul(b.z, b.z) z2z2.Mod(z2z2, p) u1 := pool.Get().Mul(a.x, z2z2) u1.Mod(u1, p) u2 := pool.Get().Mul(b.x, z1z1) u2.Mod(u2, p) t := pool.Get().Mul(b.z, z2z2) t.Mod(t, p) s1 := pool.Get().Mul(a.y, t) s1.Mod(s1, p) t.Mul(a.z, z1z1) t.Mod(t, p) s2 := pool.Get().Mul(b.y, t) s2.Mod(s2, p) // Compute x = (2h)²(s²-u1-u2) // where s = (s2-s1)/(u2-u1) is the slope of the line through // (u1,s1) and (u2,s2). The extra factor 2h = 2(u2-u1) comes from the value of z below. // This is also: // 4(s2-s1)² - 4h²(u1+u2) = 4(s2-s1)² - 4h³ - 4h²(2u1) // = r² - j - 2v // with the notations below. h := pool.Get().Sub(u2, u1) xEqual := h.Sign() == 0 t.Add(h, h) // i = 4h² i := pool.Get().Mul(t, t) i.Mod(i, p) // j = 4h³ j := pool.Get().Mul(h, i) j.Mod(j, p) t.Sub(s2, s1) yEqual := t.Sign() == 0 if xEqual && yEqual { c.Double(a, pool) return } r := pool.Get().Add(t, t) v := pool.Get().Mul(u1, i) v.Mod(v, p) // t4 = 4(s2-s1)² t4 := pool.Get().Mul(r, r) t4.Mod(t4, p) t.Add(v, v) t6 := pool.Get().Sub(t4, j) c.x.Sub(t6, t) // Set y = -(2h)³(s1 + s*(x/4h²-u1)) // This is also // y = - 2·s1·j - (s2-s1)(2x - 2i·u1) = r(v-x) - 2·s1·j t.Sub(v, c.x) // t7 t4.Mul(s1, j) // t8 t4.Mod(t4, p) t6.Add(t4, t4) // t9 t4.Mul(r, t) // t10 t4.Mod(t4, p) c.y.Sub(t4, t6) // Set z = 2(u2-u1)·z1·z2 = 2h·z1·z2 t.Add(a.z, b.z) // t11 t4.Mul(t, t) // t12 t4.Mod(t4, p) t.Sub(t4, z1z1) // t13 t4.Sub(t, z2z2) // t14 c.z.Mul(t4, h) c.z.Mod(c.z, p) pool.Put(z1z1) pool.Put(z2z2) pool.Put(u1) pool.Put(u2) pool.Put(t) pool.Put(s1) pool.Put(s2) pool.Put(h) pool.Put(i) pool.Put(j) pool.Put(r) pool.Put(v) pool.Put(t4) pool.Put(t6) } func (c *curvePoint) Double(a *curvePoint, pool *bnPool) { // See http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-code/shortw/jacobian-0/doubling/dbl-2009-l.op3 A := pool.Get().Mul(a.x, a.x) A.Mod(A, p) B := pool.Get().Mul(a.y, a.y) B.Mod(B, p) C := pool.Get().Mul(B, B) C.Mod(C, p) t := pool.Get().Add(a.x, B) t2 := pool.Get().Mul(t, t) t2.Mod(t2, p) t.Sub(t2, A) t2.Sub(t, C) d := pool.Get().Add(t2, t2) t.Add(A, A) e := pool.Get().Add(t, A) f := pool.Get().Mul(e, e) f.Mod(f, p) t.Add(d, d) c.x.Sub(f, t) t.Add(C, C) t2.Add(t, t) t.Add(t2, t2) c.y.Sub(d, c.x) t2.Mul(e, c.y) t2.Mod(t2, p) c.y.Sub(t2, t) t.Mul(a.y, a.z) t.Mod(t, p) c.z.Add(t, t) pool.Put(A) pool.Put(B) pool.Put(C) pool.Put(t) pool.Put(t2) pool.Put(d) pool.Put(e) pool.Put(f) } func (c *curvePoint) Mul(a *curvePoint, scalar *big.Int, pool *bnPool) *curvePoint { sum := newCurvePoint(pool) sum.SetInfinity() t := newCurvePoint(pool) for i := scalar.BitLen(); i >= 0; i-- { t.Double(sum, pool) if scalar.Bit(i) != 0 { sum.Add(t, a, pool) } else { sum.Set(t) } } c.Set(sum) sum.Put(pool) t.Put(pool) return c } func (c *curvePoint) MakeAffine(pool *bnPool) *curvePoint { if words := c.z.Bits(); len(words) == 1 && words[0] == 1 { return c } zInv := pool.Get().ModInverse(c.z, p) t := pool.Get().Mul(c.y, zInv) t.Mod(t, p) zInv2 := pool.Get().Mul(zInv, zInv) zInv2.Mod(zInv2, p) c.y.Mul(t, zInv2) c.y.Mod(c.y, p) t.Mul(c.x, zInv2) t.Mod(t, p) c.x.Set(t) c.z.SetInt64(1) c.t.SetInt64(1) pool.Put(zInv) pool.Put(t) pool.Put(zInv2) return c } func (c *curvePoint) Negative(a *curvePoint) { c.x.Set(a.x) c.y.Neg(a.y) c.z.Set(a.z) c.t.SetInt64(0) }