110 lines
2.9 KiB
Plaintext
110 lines
2.9 KiB
Plaintext
; Aro Gar phonetic rules for WylieWord.
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; These rules attempt to capture the phonetic transcription scheme
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; used by Ngak'chang Rinpoche. The results have not, however, yet
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; been reviewed by Rinpoche, and probably differ from his intention
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; in some ways.
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; File format: there are two sections, for rules and exceptions.
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;
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; There is one rule per line. Typically a rule has two parts,
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; separated by a space. The first part is a sequence of letters
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; that, if it appears in a Wylie transliteration, is to be replaced
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; by the second part in the phonetic transcription. The second
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; part can be missing, in which case the first part is simply
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; deleted from transcriptions when found.
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;
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; A semicolon precedes a comment. Blank lines are OK.
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;
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; The rules are applied in the order they appear in this file.
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; Each rule is applied as many times as possible, but we never
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; go back to a previous rule. (This simple rewrite-rule grammar is
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; not sufficient to implement all phonetic schemes, at least not
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; compactly. For example, it would be difficult to capture the
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; effects of preinitial consonants on tone (as in the scheme used
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; in Joe Wilson's book, for instance).) Also note that not even the
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; whole of the present scheme is implemented using these rules. In
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; particular, the deletion of prefix and superscript consonants,
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; and of wa-zur, are done in program code, not using the rules here.
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; Miscellaneous prefix transformations
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g. ; delete this (representing g prefix, used before root y only)
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dby y ; must come before db->w, for dbyang
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dbr r ; must come before db->w, for dbral
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db w ; must come before by->j
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; c and ch are both transcribed ch. To get this we need a kludge
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; (involving x), because the rule c -> ch would apply recursively.
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ch c
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c x
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x ch
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; Bad behavior from Y
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py ch
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phy ch
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by j
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my ny
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; Retroflexes
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kr tr
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khr thr
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gr dr
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pr tr
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phr thr
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br dr
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; Other bad behavior from R
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mr m
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nr n
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sr s
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; Uniquely random case
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zl d
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; Vowel transformations
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;
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; Note: this must be done before suffix-stripping.
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; Before actually doing the transformations, we "hide" the n in ng, so that ng doesn't
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; induce umlaut. This is gross; if we had a real grammar engine it wouldn't
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; be necessary.
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ng x
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; Transformations of e: short before g, m, n; long otherwise
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eg <20>g
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em <20>m
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en <20>n
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e <20>
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; Umlaut of a, o, u followed by d, n, l, s
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ad <20>d
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an <20>n
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al <20>l
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as <20>
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od <20>d
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on <20>n
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ol <20>l
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os <20>
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ud <20>d
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un <20>n
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ul <20>l
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us <20>
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; restore ng
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x ng
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<?Exceptions?>
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; There is one exception per line. Each exception consists of
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; the transliteration (which may be several syllables separated
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; by spaces), followed by a space, a colon, a space, and the
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; pronunciation (which may also contain spaces). A semicolon
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; precedes a comment. Blank lines are OK.
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rdo rje > dorj<72>
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mkha' 'gro > khandro
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sku mnye > kumny<6E>
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sprul sku > tulku
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mtsho rgyal > tsogy<67>l
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rta mgrin> tamdrin
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dga' ldan > ganden
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dge 'dun > gend<6E>n
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a mdo > amdo
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srid pa > sipa
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pad ma > p<>ma |