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<a href="http://staging.mms.thdl.org/media/" class="parent-link" style="margin-left:0px">Media:</a>(<a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/media/audio-video/" class="sub-link">Audio-Video</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/media/images/" class="sub-link">Images</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/media/immersive/" class="sub-link-last">Immersive</a>)<a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/" class="parent-link">Texts:</a>(<a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/jiats/" class="sub-link">JIATS</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/journals/" class="sub-link">Journals</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/reprints/" class="sub-link">Reprints</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/tibetan-texts/" class="sub-link-last">Tibetan Texts</a>)</p></td>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/tibetan-grammar/" class="first-link">Tibetan Grammar</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/dictionaries/" class="parent-link">Dictionaries:</a>(<a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/dictionaries/himalayan-languages/" class="sub-link">Himalayan Languages</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/dictionaries/tibetan-dictionary/" class="sub-link">Tibetan</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/tibetan-translation/" class="sub-link-last">Tibetan Translation Tool</a>)</p></td>
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<td class="index-botrow"><p><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/home.html" class="first-link">Toolbox</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/preparing%20your%20computer%20for%20thdl%20use.html">Prep Computer</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/tips%20on%20software%20&amp;%20operating%20systems.html">Software</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/thl%20technologies%20%26%20open%20standards.html">Technologies</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/fonts%20&amp;%20related%20issues.html" class="parent-link">Fonts:</a>(<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/chinese%20fonts%20&amp;%20related%20issues.html" class="sub-link">Chinese</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/diacritic%20fonts.html" class="sub-link">Diacritics</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/nepali%20fonts%20&amp;%20related%20issues.html" class="sub-link">Nepali</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/26a34146-33a6-48ce-001e-f16ce7908a6a/home.html" class="sub-link-last">Tibetan </a>)</p></td>
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<td class="header index-botrow"><p><a href="http://www.thlib.org/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/0b308aa3-d044-469b-009a-d34c7841413d/thdl%20home%20about%20us.html">About Us</a></p></td>
<td class="index-botrow"><p><a href="http://www.thlib.org/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/0b308aa3-d044-469b-009a-d34c7841413d/thdl%20home%20about%20us.html" class="first-link">About Us</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/0b308aa3-d044-469b-009a-d34c7841413d/thdl%20home%20overview.html">THL Overview</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/0b308aa3-d044-469b-009a-d34c7841413d/first%20time%20visitors.html">First Time Visitors</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/0b308aa3-d044-469b-009a-d34c7841413d/guide%20to%20thdl%20resources.html">Guide to Resources</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/#wiki=/access/wiki/site/0b308aa3-d044-469b-009a-d34c7841413d/how%20to%20cite.html">How to Cite</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/audio-video.html"
title="Technical Documentation for the Audio-Video Database">Audio-Video</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/essays.html"
title="Documentation for Creating Essays in THL">Essays</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/fieldwork.html"
title="Technical Documentation for Doing Fieldwork in the Himalayan Region">Fieldwork</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/fonts%20%26%20related%20issues.html"
title="Fonts and Input Tools for Chinese, Dzongkha, Nepali, Tibetan as well as Roman Diacritics for Transliteration">Fonts &amp; Related Issues</a></li>
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title="General Principles Concerning Projects within THL and Intellectual Property Rights">General Principles</a></li>
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title="Images and Immersive Technologies">Images &amp; Immersive Tech</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/instructional%20resources.html"
title="Resources for Instructors of Language and Culture">Instructional Resources</a></li>
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title="Documentation concerning Intellectual Property Rites, Licenses, and Credit">Licenses &amp; Credit</a></li>
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title="Documentation on Various Technical Issues">Miscellaneous Technical</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/offline%20thl.html"
title="How to Create an Off-Line Version of THL">Offline THL</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/places%20%26%20geography.html"
title="Documentation for Creating Geographical Resources">Places &amp; Geography</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/preparing%20your%20computer%20for%20thdl%20use.html"
title="How to Prepare Your Computer to View and Use THL">Preparing Your Computer</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/presentations%20%26%20training.html"
title="Documentation on Creating Presentations and Training Staff">Presentations &amp; Training</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/reference.html"
title="Technical Documentation on Reference Resources">Reference</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/scanning%20%26%20ocr.html"
title="Documentation on Scanning Pages and Optical Character Recognition">Scanning &amp; OCR</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/26a34146-33a6-48ce-001e-f16ce7908a6a/home.html"
title="Documentation on the Use of Tibetan Scripts in the Digital Context">Tibetan Scripts &amp; Fonts</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/tibetan%20texts.html"
title="Documentation on Creating Tibetan Texts and Catalogs">Tibetan Texts</a></li>
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<h1>tibwn.ini File Format</h1>
<p>
<a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/jskad.html">Jskad</a>
and <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/wyword.html">WylieWord</a>
both make use of a data file named <a
href="http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/thdltools/Jskad/source/org/thdl/tib/text/tibwn.ini?view=markup"><code>tibwn.ini</code></a>.&nbsp;
This document concerns the structure and content of that data file.
</p>
<p>
The purpose of the file is to encode all knowledge of the <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/tm.html">Tibetan
Machine</a> (TM) and <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/tmw.html">Tibetan
Machine Web</a> (TMW) fonts.&nbsp; Specifically, the following
knowledge is found:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
which TM glyphs corresponds to which TMW glyphs (a two-way
mapping, which is one-to-one except for TMW7.90 and TMW7.91, which
both map to the same TM glyph for our purposes)
</li>
<li>
which TM glyphs corresponds to which TMW glyphs (a two-way
mapping, which is one-to-one except for TMW7.90 and TMW7.91, which
both map to the same TM glyph for our purposes)
</li>
<li>
which Unicode codepoints are suitable for a TM or TMW to Unicode
conversion
</li>
<li>
which THDL Extended Wylie is suitable for a TM or TMW to Wylie
conversion
</li>
<li>
which vowel/bindu/vowel+bindu/achung-as-vowel glyphs correspond to
which consonant/consonant stack glyphs (needed for composing
beautiful stacks; needed for Wylie->TMW conversions and input
methods).
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Much of this knowledge is found in the <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/tib5doc.pdf">documentation</a>
for the TM and TMW fonts.&nbsp; Note the <a
href="Tibetan51Errata.html">errata</a> for this document, as it
especially concerns the data in <code>tibwn.ini</code>.
</p>
<h3>File Format -- Overview</h3>
<p>
The <code>tibwn.ini</code> file format allows for comments, blank
lines (entirely blank, containing not even whitespace), Section
headers, comma-delimited lists, and newline-delimited rows of
tilde-delimited data.&nbsp; A comment line is any line that begins
with two slashes ('//'); the entire line is ignored.&nbsp; A blank
line is ignored, too.&nbsp; A section header is a line
'&lt;?<i>section-name</i>?&gt;'.&nbsp; A comma-delimited list must
fit entirely on one line.
</p>
<h3>File Format -- Sections</h3>
<p>
The <code>tibwn.ini</code> file is broken up into sections.&nbsp;
Currently, these are as follows:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
Consonants - set of Tibetan/Tibetanized Sanskrit consonants that
the application reading tibwn.ini supports; does not include
stacks
</li>
<li>
Numbers - set of Tibetan numbers that the application reading
tibwn.ini supports
</li>
<li>
Vowels - set of Tibetan vowels that the application reading
tibwn.ini supports
</li>
<li>
Other - set of Tibetan punctuation and other characters that the
application reading tibwn.ini supports
</li>
<li>
Input:Punctuation - application-independent data for all Tibetan
punctuation and other miscellaneous characters that can be listed
in the Other section
</li>
<li>
Input:Vowels - application-independent data for all Tibetan vowels
that can be listed in the Vowels section
</li>
<li>
Input:Tibetan - application-independent data for all Tibetan
consonants and Tibetan (but not Tibetanized Sanskrit) consonant
stacks that can be listed in the Consonants section
</li>
<li>
Input:Numbers - application-independent data for all Tibetan
numbers that can be listed in the Numbers section
</li>
<li>
Input:Sanskrit - application-independent data for all Tibetanized
Sanskrit stacks
</li>
<li>
ToWylie - data needed merely for Tibetan-to-THDL Extended Wylie
and Tibetan-to-Unicode conversions
</li>
<li>
Ignore - a section containing data to be ignored for all purposes
other than Tibetan-to-Unicode conversions (should probably be
called ToUnicode at this point <!-- FIXME -->, but is called
Ignore because it was once entirely ignored)
</li>
</ul>
<p>
The Consonants, Numbers, Vowels, and Other sections contain
comma-delimited lists of the THDL Extended Wylie representations of
each consonant, number, etc. that the application reading
<code>tibwn.ini</code> wishes to support.&nbsp; Note that it is not
possible to represent a comma (though extending the file format to
do so would likely work along the same lines as the support for '~'
characters via __TILDE__).&nbsp; These sections should probably be
discarded entirely so that applications and users can choose which
characters to support themselves.&nbsp; The rest of the file is
application-independent.<!-- FIXME -->
</p>
<p>
The remaining sections are the meat of the file.&nbsp; Each one
contains zero or more rows of data, one row per line.&nbsp; Each
line looks like this:
</p>
<pre>
h~61,1~1,100~1,62~1,109~1,112~1,123~1,125~10,115~10,122~0F67~1,102~
</pre>
<p>
Each line describes one glyph in the Tibetan Machine Web font.&nbsp;
There are thirteen tilde-delimited columns per line, though the last
two columns are optional.&nbsp; An empty column takes no space; for
example,
</p>
<pre>
_~32,1~~2,32~~~~~~~0020
</pre>
<p>
has non-empty data for only columns 1 (the first column, i.e. the one
containing an underscore), 2, 4, and 11.&nbsp; When it is desirable to
represent a tilde ('~') character, __TILDE__ is used.&nbsp; For
example, in the THDL Extended Wylie for nyi zla, a tilde is used, so
this line occurs:
</p>
<pre>
__TILDE__^~91,5~~9,89~~~~~~~0F82
</pre>
<p>
The columns themselves each have a meaning.&nbsp; They are as
follows:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
Column 1 - the THDL Extended Wylie corresponding to this glyph
</li>
<li>
Column 2 - '<i>ord</i>,<i>fn</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to a
<a href="#tmindex">Tibetan Machine font</a> and <i>ord</i> tells
which glyph in <b>Tibetan Machine</b> corresponds to the Tibetan
Machine Web glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 3 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to a
<a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web <b>reduced-height glyph</b> corresponding to the full-height
glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
<b>Column 4 - key -</b> '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i>
corresponds to a <a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a>
and <i>ord</i> tells which Tibetan Machine Web glyph this line
describes.&nbsp; No two rows of data may have the same value for
this column.&nbsp; (Note that TMW is a superset of TM, so there is
one glyph in TM that could reasonably appear twice, mapped to both
TibetanMachineWeb7.90 and TMW7.91.)&nbsp; <i>But note that Jskad
etc. must deal with a superset of TMW -- such as when converting
the ACIP {<tt>W+W+W+KA</tt>} into Unicode -- and thus cannot
internally use the TMW glyph alone to represent arbitrary Tibetan
text.&nbsp; And the Extended Wylie Transliteration is not a unique
key either; see, e.g., the many glyphs that EWTS
{<tt>r</tt>}.&nbsp; For this reason, a smart tool uses the pair
(EWTS,&nbsp;TMW) as an internal representation.&nbsp; (In Jskad,
this is done in a way that's hard to understand, but it is done --
see, e.g., the code implementing the TMW-&gt;ACIP conversion of
TibetanMachineWeb7.69.)</i>
</li>
<li>
Column 5 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to a
<a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web glyph for the <b>gi-gu</b> vowel that looks most beautiful
with the glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 6 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to a
<a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web glyph for the <b>zhabs-kyu</b> vowel that looks most beautiful
with the glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 7 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to a
<a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web glyph for the <b>'greng-bu</b> vowel that looks most beautiful
with the glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 8 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to a
<a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web glyph for the <b>na-ro</b> vowel that looks most beautiful
with the glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 9 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to a
<a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web glyph for the <b>a-chung</b> [Sanskrit] vowel that looks most
beautiful with the glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 10 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to
a <a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web glyph for the <b>a-chung plus zhabs-kyu</b> [Sanskrit] vowel
that looks most beautiful with the glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 11 - '<i>x<sub>1</sub></i>,<i>x<sub>2</sub></i>,...' or
'none', where <i>x<sub>i</sub></i> describes a Unicode codepoint,
most often a codepoint in the Tibetan range U+0F00 to
U+0FFF.&nbsp; A case-insensitive string of one, two, three, or
four hexadecimal digits composes each <i>x<sub>i</sub></i>.&nbsp;
The full, comma-separated sequence is the preferred Unicode
representation of the glyph this line describes; 'none' appears
for glyphs that have no Unicode correspondence.
</li>
<li>
Column 12 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to
a <a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web <b>severely-reduced-height glyph</b> corresponding to the
full-height glyph this line describes
</li>
<li>
Column 13 - '<i>fn</i>,<i>ord</i>' where <i>fn</i> corresponds to
a <a href="#tmwindex">Tibetan Machine Web font</a> and <i>ord</i>
tells which glyph in that font corresponds to the Tibetan Machine
Web <b>vowel+bindu glyph</b> corresponding to the vowel glyph this
line describes
</li>
</ul>
<a name="tmindex"></a>
<h4>Tibetan Machine Font Indices</h4>
<p>
The following are the indices this file format uses to refer to the
TibetanMachine font files:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
1 corresponds to TibetanMachine, the normal font
</li>
<li>
2 corresponds to TibetanMachineSkt1
</li>
<li>
3 corresponds to TibetanMachineSkt2
</li>
<li>
4 corresponds to TibetanMachineSkt3
</li>
<li>
5 corresponds to TibetanMachineSkt4
</li>
</ul>
<a name="tmwindex"></a>
<h4>Tibetan Machine Web Font Indices</h4>
<p>
The following are the indices this file format uses to refer to the
TibetanMachineWeb font files:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
1 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb
</li>
<li>
2 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb1
</li>
<li>
3 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb2
</li>
<li>
4 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb3
</li>
<li>
5 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb4
</li>
<li>
6 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb5
</li>
<li>
7 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb6
</li>
<li>
8 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb7
</li>
<li>
9 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb8
</li>
<li>
10 corresponds to TibetanMachineWeb9
</li>
</ul>
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<a href="mailto:thdltools-devel@lists.sourceforge.net">
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