377 lines
14 KiB
HTML
377 lines
14 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<!-- @author David Chandler -->
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<!-- @editor Emacs, baby! -->
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<head>
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<title>Converting from TM or TMW</title>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<script type="text/javascript" src="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/scripts/thdl_scripts.js"></script>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="banner">
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<a id="logo" href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/index.html"><img id="test" alt="THDL Logo" src="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/images/logo.png"/></a>
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<h1>The Tibetan & Himalayan Digital Library</h1>
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<input type="text" name="q" id="q" size="15" maxlength="255" value="" />
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<input type="submit" name="sa" id="sa" value="Search"/>
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<div id="breadcrumbs">
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<a href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/index.html">Home</a> > <a href="index.html">Tools</a> > <a href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/allfonts.html">Fonts & Input</a> > <a href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/conv.html">Converters</a> > <a href="TMW_RTF_TO_THDL_WYLIE.html">Converters in Jskad</a> > Converting from TM or TMW
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</div>
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</div><!--END banner-->
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<div id="main">
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<h2>Converting from Tibetan Machine or Tibetan Machine Web</h2>
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<p>
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Among the <a href="TMW_RTF_TO_THDL_WYLIE.html">converters in
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Jskad</a> are some converters that take input that is encoded to use
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either the <a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/tm.html">Tibetan
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Machine</a> (TM) or <a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/tmw.html">Tibetan
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Machine Web</a> (TMW) fonts. These converters are described
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here.
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</p>
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<p>
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First, to learn how to invoke the converters, see <a
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href="TMW_RTF_TO_THDL_WYLIE.html#invok">these instructions</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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The converters embody the same technology as <a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/jskad.html">Jskad</a>
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itself, but often work even when Jskad fails due to Java's presently
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poor support for viewing Rich Text Format (RTF) documents.
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These converters can convert a TMW-encoded RTF file to any of these
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output formats:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>an RTF file using <a href="http://www.unicode.org/">Unicode</a>,
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a standard encoding that will be widely supported in the future</li>
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<li>an RTF file using the appropriate THDL Extended Wylie (<a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/collections/langling/ewts/">EWTS</a>)
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instead of TMW</li>
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<li>a text file using the appropriate THDL Extended Wylie (<a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/collections/langling/ewts/">EWTS</a>)
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instead of TMW</li>
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<li>an RTF file using the appropriate <a
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href="http://asianclassics.org">Asian Classics Input Project</a>
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(ACIP) <a
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href="http://asianclassics.org/download/tibetancode/ticode.pdf">Tibetan
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Input Code</a> instead of TMW</li>
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<li>a text file using the appropriate <a
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href="http://asianclassics.org">Asian Classics Input Project</a>
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(ACIP) <a
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href="http://asianclassics.org/download/tibetancode/ticode.pdf">Tibetan
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Input Code</a> instead of TMW</li>
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<li>an RTF file using the Tibetan Machine encoding (used in legacy
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systems).</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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In addition, this converter can convert a Tibetan Machine RTF file to
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a Tibetan Machine Web RTF file.
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</p>
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<a name="vv"></a>
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<p>
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All the converters take precautions to ensure that only a 100%
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perfect conversion is done. One such precaution is that two
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independent teams (Garrett and Garson, Chandler) turned the Tibetan
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Machine Web <a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/tmw.html#doc">
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documentation</a> into TM<->TMW tables (reified in <a
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href="tibwn_ini_file_format.html">tibwn.ini</a>). These tables
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were compared, giving full confidence that the tables are as
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accurate as the documentation (which has a few flaws itself,
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documented in the <a href="Tibetan51Errata.html">errata</a> we have
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created). That documentation has been verified against the
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actual fonts. David Chapman's assistance in this area has been
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invaluable.
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</p>
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<p>
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Another precaution is that any unknown characters (in the font being
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converted from) cause the conversion to <a href="#failure">fail</a>,
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and the result is either a document containing merely the unknown
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characters or a document with conspicuous error messages
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interspersed.
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</p>
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<p>
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These converters are smart enough to solve the "curly-brace
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problem", wherein '{', '}', and '\' characters in the Tahoma
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font appear instead of the TMW stacks they are supposed to
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represent. This problem originates with certain versions of
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Microsoft Word's Rich Text Format writing capabilities. These
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converters are also smart enough to work around Java's <a
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href="http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/bugParade/bugs/4907759.html">Bug
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4907759</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Furthermore, these converters give a polite error message when a
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given RTF file simply cannot be read by the version of Java used.
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</p>
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<h2>Invoking the Converters</h2>
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<p>
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See <a href="TMW_RTF_TO_THDL_WYLIE.html#invok">here</a> for details
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on how to invoke the converters.
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</p>
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<!-- DLC TEST TMW->UNICODE F021... does that appear? -->
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<a name="failure"></a><h2>Failed Conversions</h2>
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<p>
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In this section, you'll learn how to tell if a conversion has
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succeeded in full, ran into minor problems, or failed altogether.
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</p>
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<h3>TMW to ACIP</h3>
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<p>
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When a TMW->ACIP conversion fails, a message such as
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<tt>[# JSKAD_TMW_TO_ACIP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_ACIP: Cannot convert
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<glyph font=TibetanMachineWeb8 charNum=39 character='/> to
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ACIP. Please transcribe this yourself.]</tt> will appear in your
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output, but it will be amidst the successfully converted text.
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</p>
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<h3>TMW to Wylie (i.e., EWTS)</h3>
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<p>
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A TMW to EWTS conversion rarely fails; EWTS is almost entirely
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comprehensive (and may have been revised to be comprehensive by the
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time you read this.
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</p>
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<p>
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That said, you may want to search the output for EWTS constructs
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that you don't like, such as <tt>\u0F39</tt>- and
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<tt>\uF021</tt>-style escape sequences.
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</p>
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<p>
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If a TMW glyph has no transliteration according to <a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/collections/langling/ewts/">EWTS</a>,
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then an error message like
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<tt><<[[JSKAD_TMW_TO_WYLIE_ERROR_NO_SUCH_WYLIE: Cannot convert
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<glyph font=TibetanMachineWeb7 charNum=95 character=_/> to
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THDL Extended Wylie. Please see the documentation for the TM or TMW
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font and transcribe this yourself.]]>></tt> appears in the
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output.
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</p>
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<p>
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Upon finding such a message in your output, you should consult the
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<a href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/tmw.html#doc">
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documentation</a> for the specific TMW font named. Find the
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glyph and decide how to proceed. If you find a glyph that you
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believe should have been converted into Extended Wylie by the tool,
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please report this as a bug through the SourceForge website or via
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e-mail.
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</p>
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<h3>TMW to Unicode, TM to TMW, and TMW to TM Conversions</h3>
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<p>
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The TMW->Unicode, TM->TMW, and TMW->TM conversions are
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all-or-nothing. That is, if you run into any trouble
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whatsoever, the result will be a file containing just the
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problematic glyphs, each preceded by a-chen (i.e., U+0F68, the
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letter whose THDL Extended Wylie representation is 'a'). These
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glyphs will be bracketed on the left by U+0F3C (for which the THDL
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Extended Wylie is '(') and on the right by U+0F3D (for which the
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THDL Extended Wylie is ')'). If your result is as long as your
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input, then the conversion went flawlessly.
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</p>
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<p>
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There is one TMW glyph (TibetanMachineWeb7, glyph 91 [\tmw7091])
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that has no Tibetan Machine equivalent. This glyph is the only
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TMW glyph that can cause a TMW->TM conversion to fail. It
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is fairly common, though, especially if you've used Jskad to prepare
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your document. It might be appropriate to change the document
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to use TibetanMachineWeb7, glyph 90 (decimal ordinal 90, that is), a
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similar glyph that does have a TM equivalent.
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</p>
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<p>
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You might consider using the GUI converter interface in Jskad to
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convert documents that give impenetrable errors when converted by
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the command-line tool, as the GUI has better error reporting and can
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tell you just what's wrong.
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</p>
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<h2>Finding Potential Problems Before Conversion</h2>
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<p>
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The converters that take TM and TMW input deal with problematic
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input in a clean way, but you might prefer the mechanism described
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here.
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</p>
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<p>
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There is a <tt>--find-some-non-tmw</tt> mode of operation that gives
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you, the user, confidence that RTF reading and writing
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idiosyncrasies are not going to interfere with a flawless
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conversion. It does so by printing out the first occurrence of
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a given character in a non-TMW font. Here is some example
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output:
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</p>
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<pre>
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java -cp "c:\my thdl tools\Jskad.jar" \
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org.thdl.tib.input.TibetanConverter \
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--find-some-non-tmw \
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"Dalai Lama Fifth History 01.rtf"
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Non-TMW character newline [decimal 10] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 39
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Non-TMW character ' ' [decimal 32] in the font TimesNewRoman appears first at location 45
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Non-TMW character '}' [decimal 125] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 66
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Non-TMW character '{' [decimal 123] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 219
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Non-TMW character '\' [decimal 92] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 1237
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Non-TMW character newline [decimal 10] in the font Times New Roman appears first at location 9754
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</pre>
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<p>
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Given the above output, you can be sure that a flawless conversion
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(barring the appearance of <a href="#knownbugs">known bugs</a>) will
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result when you run <tt>java -cp "c:\my thdl tools\Jskad.jar"
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org.thdl.tib.input.TibetanConverter --to-wylie "Dalai Lama Fifth
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History 01.rtf" > "Dalai Lama Fifth History 01 in THDL Extended
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Wylie.rtf"</tt>. (Note that the '>' causes the output to be
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directed to the file named thereafter; this is quite handy.)
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This is because the only text in the input file besides Tibetan is
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whitespace and the Tahoma characters <tt>'{'</tt>, <tt>'}'</tt>, and
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<tt>'\'</tt>. These Tahoma characters are understood by the tool;
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they are symptoms of the "curly-brace problem".
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</p>
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<p>
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There is a similar <tt>--find-some-non-tm</tt> mode of operation,
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useful for ensuring a trouble-free TM->TMW conversion.
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</p>
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<a name="knownbugs"></a><h2>Known Bugs</h2>
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<p>
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All known bugs are listed in this section. They're more likely
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to be fixed if users complain, so complain away. And if you
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ever encounter problems in a conversion that are not listed here,
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please send us mail with the error report (and the problem input
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document's resulting document) so that we can improve our
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tools. The bugs are as follows:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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TMW->ACIP does not produce {KA (KHA)} to indicate differing
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font sizes.
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</li>
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<li>
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TMW to Unicode fails subtly when the TMW for {\u0F28\u0F3E} is
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converted: {\u0F3E\u0F28} appears instead. [<a
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href="http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=855480&group_id=61934&atid=502515">855480</a>]
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</li>
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<li>
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TMW->ACIP will sometimes produce spaces (i.e., the ' '
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character, U+0020) that are supposed to indicate tshegs (i.e., the
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character U+0F0B) but will instead be interpreted as Tibetan
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whitespace. [<a
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href="http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=932897&group_id=61934&atid=502515">932897</a>]
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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</p>
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<h2>License</h2>
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<p>Both the converters and this document are released under the <a
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href="http://iris.lib.virginia.edu/tibet/tools/thdl_license.txt">THDL
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Open Community License Version 1.0</a>.</p>
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<p>
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Please
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<a href="mailto:thdltools-devel@lists.sourceforge.net">
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e-mail us</a>
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your comments about this page.
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</p>
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<p>
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The
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<a href="http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/thdltools">
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THDL Tools</a>
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project is generously hosted by:
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