merge the changes on the branch prepare_0_5_96 to the main trunk.
This commit is contained in:
parent
98be6a00af
commit
5b956a8ac8
17 changed files with 412 additions and 201 deletions
|
@ -5,17 +5,18 @@
|
|||
@item How does GNU GRUB differ from Erich's original GRUB?
|
||||
|
||||
GNU GRUB is the successor of Erich's great GRUB. He couldn't work on
|
||||
GRUB because of some other tasks, so the current maintainer Gordon
|
||||
Matzigkeit took over the maintainership, and opened the development in
|
||||
order for everybody to participate it.
|
||||
GRUB because of some other tasks, so the current maintainers OKUJI
|
||||
Yoshinori and Gordon Matzigkeit took over the maintainership, and opened
|
||||
the development in order for everybody to participate it.
|
||||
|
||||
Technically speaking, GNU GRUB has many features that are not
|
||||
seen in the original GRUB. For example, GNU GRUB can be installed on
|
||||
UNIX-like operating system (such as GNU/Linux) via the grub shell
|
||||
@file{/sbin/grub}, it supports Logical Block Address (LBA) mode that
|
||||
solves the 1024 cylinders problem, and @kbd{@key{TAB}} completes a
|
||||
filename when it's unique. Of course, many bug fixes are done as well,
|
||||
so it is recommended to use GNU GRUB.
|
||||
Technically speaking, GNU GRUB has many features that are not seen in
|
||||
the original GRUB. For example, GNU GRUB can be installed on UNIX-like
|
||||
operating system (such as GNU/Hurd) via the grub shell
|
||||
@file{/sbin/grub} (or @file{/usr/sbin/grub} on older systems), it
|
||||
supports Logical Block Address (LBA) mode that solves the 1024 cylinders
|
||||
problem, and @kbd{@key{TAB}} completes a filename when it's unique. Of
|
||||
course, many bug fixes are done as well, so it is recommended to use GNU
|
||||
GRUB.
|
||||
|
||||
@item Can GRUB boot my operating system from over 8GB hard disks?
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -53,7 +54,8 @@ Copy the GRUB images to @file{/mnt/boot/grub}. Only @file{stage1},
|
|||
@dfn{stage1.5}s.
|
||||
|
||||
@item
|
||||
Run the following command:
|
||||
Run the following command (substitute @file{/usr/sbin/grub} for
|
||||
@file{/sbin/grub} if you are using an older system):
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ Part I: The Tutorial Manual
|
|||
* Installation:: Installing GRUB on your drive
|
||||
* Booting:: How to boot different operating systems
|
||||
* Network:: Downloading OS images from a network
|
||||
* Serial terminal:: Using GRUB via a serial line
|
||||
* Configuration:: Writing your own configuration file
|
||||
|
||||
Part II: The User Reference Manual
|
||||
|
@ -135,28 +136,28 @@ Appendices and Indices
|
|||
|
||||
@iftex
|
||||
@page
|
||||
@unnumbered{Part I: The Tutorial Manual}
|
||||
@unnumbered Part I: The Tutorial Manual
|
||||
@end iftex
|
||||
|
||||
@include tutorial.texi
|
||||
|
||||
@iftex
|
||||
@page
|
||||
@unnumbered{Part II: The User Reference Manual}
|
||||
@unnumbered Part II: The User Reference Manual
|
||||
@end iftex
|
||||
|
||||
@include user-ref.texi
|
||||
|
||||
@iftex
|
||||
@page
|
||||
@unnumbered{Part III: The Programmer Reference Manual}
|
||||
@unnumbered Part III: The Programmer Reference Manual
|
||||
@end iftex
|
||||
|
||||
@include prog-ref.texi
|
||||
|
||||
@iftex
|
||||
@page
|
||||
@unnumbered{Appendices and Indices}
|
||||
@unnumbered Appendices and Indices
|
||||
@end iftex
|
||||
|
||||
@include appendices.texi
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ map}.
|
|||
If the INT 13 handler returns, the TF flag is cleared automatically by
|
||||
the instruction @code{iret}, and then output the I/O map on the screen.
|
||||
See the source code for the command @command{ioprobe}
|
||||
(@pxref{Command-line-specific commands}), for more information.
|
||||
(@pxref{Command-line and menu entry commands}), for more information.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node Memory detection
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
|
|||
@set UPDATED 3 April 2000
|
||||
@set UPDATED 7 October 2000
|
||||
@set EDITION 0.5.97
|
||||
@set VERSION 0.5.97
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -171,9 +171,14 @@ commands:
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
# cd /boot/grub
|
||||
# dd if=stage1 of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1
|
||||
# dd if=stage2 of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 seek=1
|
||||
# @kbd{cd /boot/grub}
|
||||
# @kbd{dd if=stage1 of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1}
|
||||
1+0 records in
|
||||
1+0 records out
|
||||
# @kbd{dd if=stage2 of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 seek=1}
|
||||
153+1 records in
|
||||
153+1 records out
|
||||
#
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -208,14 +213,14 @@ the command @command{kernel}.} to the partition which has your GRUB
|
|||
images, like this:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> root (hd0,0)
|
||||
grub> @kbd{root (hd0,0)}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
If you are not sure which partition actually holds these files, use the
|
||||
@command{find} command, like this:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> find /boot/grub/stage1
|
||||
grub> @kbd{find /boot/grub/stage1}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
This will search for the filename @file{/boot/grub/stage1} and show the
|
||||
|
@ -225,7 +230,7 @@ Once you've set the root device correctly, run the command
|
|||
@command{setup}:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> setup (hd0)
|
||||
grub> @kbd{setup (hd0)}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
This command will install GRUB on the MBR (@pxref{MBR}) in the first
|
||||
|
@ -234,7 +239,7 @@ partition instead of the MBR, specify a partition into which you want to
|
|||
install GRUB:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> setup (hd0,0)
|
||||
grub> @kbd{setup (hd0,0)}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
If you install GRUB into a partition or a drive other than the first
|
||||
|
@ -258,19 +263,19 @@ either of a device file or a GRUB's drive/partition. So, this will
|
|||
install GRUB into the MBR of the first IDE disk under Linux:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
# grub-install /dev/hda
|
||||
# @kbd{grub-install /dev/hda}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
Likewise, under Hurd, this has the same effect:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
# grub-install /dev/hd0
|
||||
# @kbd{grub-install /dev/hd0}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
If it is the first BIOS drive, this is the same as well:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
# grub-install '(hd0)'
|
||||
# @kbd{grub-install '(hd0)'}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
But all the above examples assume that you use GRUB images under
|
||||
|
@ -281,10 +286,10 @@ boot floppy with a filesystem. Here is an example:
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
# mke2fs /dev/fd0
|
||||
# mount -t ext2 /dev/fd0 /mnt
|
||||
# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt '(fd0)'
|
||||
# umount /mnt
|
||||
# @kbd{mke2fs /dev/fd0}
|
||||
# @kbd{mount -t ext2 /dev/fd0 /mnt}
|
||||
# @kbd{grub-install --root-directory=/mnt '(fd0)'}
|
||||
# @kbd{umount /mnt}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -294,7 +299,7 @@ doesn't know anything about mountpoints at all. Thus, you need to run
|
|||
@command{grub-install} like this:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
# grub-install --root-directory=/boot /dev/hda
|
||||
# @kbd{grub-install --root-directory=/boot /dev/hda}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
By the way, as you may already know, it is quite difficult to guess BIOS
|
||||
|
@ -391,7 +396,7 @@ First, set GRUB's root device to the partition by the command
|
|||
@command{rootnoverify}:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> rootnoverify (hd0,0)
|
||||
grub> @kbd{rootnoverify (hd0,0)}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
Second, set the @dfn{active} flag in the partition by the command
|
||||
|
@ -399,13 +404,13 @@ Second, set the @dfn{active} flag in the partition by the command
|
|||
modern operating systems.}:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> makeactive
|
||||
grub> @kbd{makeactive}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
Third, load the boot loader by the command @command{chainloader}:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> chainloader +1
|
||||
grub> @kbd{chainloader +1}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
@samp{+1} indicates that GRUB should read one sector from the start of
|
||||
|
@ -450,8 +455,8 @@ Load the kernel and the module, like this:
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
grub> kernel /boot/gnumach root=hd0s1
|
||||
grub> module /boot/serverboot
|
||||
grub> @kbd{kernel /boot/gnumach root=hd0s1}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{module /boot/serverboot}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -475,14 +480,14 @@ command @code{find /vmlinuz} or similar can help you.
|
|||
Load the kernel:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1
|
||||
grub> @kbd{kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
If you need to specify some kernel parameters, just append them to the
|
||||
command. For example, to set @option{vga} to @samp{ext}, do this:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1 vga=ext
|
||||
grub> @kbd{kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1 vga=ext}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
See the documentation in the Linux source tree for the complete
|
||||
|
@ -493,7 +498,7 @@ If you use an initrd, execute the command @command{initrd} after
|
|||
@command{kernel}:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> initrd /initrd
|
||||
grub> @kbd{initrd /initrd}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
@item
|
||||
|
@ -504,7 +509,7 @@ Finally, run the command @command{boot}.
|
|||
option to the kernel, to let it use less than actual memory size, you
|
||||
will also have to specify the same memory size to GRUB. To let GRUB know
|
||||
the size, run the command @command{uppermem} @emph{before} loading the
|
||||
kernel. @xref{Command-line-specific commands}, for more information.
|
||||
kernel. @xref{Command-line and menu entry commands}, for more information.
|
||||
|
||||
@node FreeBSD
|
||||
@subsection FreeBSD
|
||||
|
@ -519,9 +524,9 @@ Thus, we'd recommend loading the very flexible loader
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
grub> root (hd0,a)
|
||||
grub> kernel /boot/loader
|
||||
grub> boot
|
||||
grub> @kbd{root (hd0,a)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{kernel /boot/loader}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{boot}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -540,7 +545,7 @@ Load the kernel with @command{kernel}. You should append the ugly option
|
|||
@option{--type=netbsd}, if you want to load an ELF kernel, like this:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> kernel --type=netbsd /netbsd-elf
|
||||
grub> @kbd{kernel --type=netbsd /netbsd-elf}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
@item
|
||||
|
@ -574,8 +579,8 @@ command @command{map} (@pxref{Commands}), like this:
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
grub> map (hd0) (hd1)
|
||||
grub> map (hd1) (hd0)
|
||||
grub> @kbd{map (hd0) (hd1)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{map (hd1) (hd0)}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -600,12 +605,12 @@ first copy, do the following:
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
grub> unhide (hd0,0)
|
||||
grub> hide (hd0,1)
|
||||
grub> rootnoverify (hd0,0)
|
||||
grub> chainloader +1
|
||||
grub> makeactive
|
||||
grub> boot
|
||||
grub> @kbd{unhide (hd0,0)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{hide (hd0,1)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{rootnoverify (hd0,0)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{chainloader +1}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{makeactive}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{boot}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -619,10 +624,10 @@ wrong, so you will have to specify the option @option{--force} to
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
grub> rootnoverify (hd1,0)
|
||||
grub> chainloader --force +1
|
||||
grub> makeactive
|
||||
grub> boot
|
||||
grub> @kbd{rootnoverify (hd1,0)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{chainloader --force +1}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{makeactive}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{boot}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -666,16 +671,16 @@ Here is an example:
|
|||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
grub> bootp
|
||||
grub> @kbd{bootp}
|
||||
Probing... [NE*000]
|
||||
NE2000 base ...
|
||||
Address: 192.168.110.23 Netmask: 255.255.255.0
|
||||
Server: 192.168.110.14 Gateway: 192.168.110.1
|
||||
|
||||
grub> root (nd)
|
||||
grub> kernel /tftproot/gnumach.gz root=sd0s1
|
||||
grub> module /tftproot/serverboot.gz
|
||||
grub> boot
|
||||
grub> @kbd{root (nd)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{kernel /tftproot/gnumach.gz root=sd0s1}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{module /tftproot/serverboot.gz}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{boot}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -726,6 +731,58 @@ See the manual about your BOOTP/DHCP server, for more information. The
|
|||
exact syntax should differ from the example, more or less.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node Serial terminal
|
||||
@chapter Using GRUB via a serial line
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter describes how to use the serial terminal support in GRUB.
|
||||
|
||||
If you have many computers or computers with no display/keyboard, it
|
||||
would be very useful to control the computers with serial
|
||||
communications. To connect a computer with another via a serial line,
|
||||
you need to prepare a null-modem (cross) serial cable, and you may need
|
||||
to have multiport serial boards, if your computer doesn't have extra
|
||||
serial ports. In addition, a terminal emulator is also required, such as
|
||||
minicom. Refer to a manual of your operating system, for more
|
||||
information.
|
||||
|
||||
As for GRUB, the instruction to set up a serial terminal is quite
|
||||
simple. First of all, make sure that you haven't specified the option
|
||||
@option{--disable-serial} to the configure script when you built your
|
||||
GRUB images. If you get them in binary form, probably they have serial
|
||||
terminal support already.
|
||||
|
||||
Then, initialize your serial terminal after GRUB starts up. Here is an
|
||||
example:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
@group
|
||||
grub> @kbd{serial --unit=0 --speed=9600}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{terminal serial}
|
||||
@end group
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
The command @command{serial} initializes the serial unit 0 with the
|
||||
speed 9600bps. The serial unit 0 is usually called @samp{COM1}, so, if
|
||||
you want to use COM2, you must specify @samp{--unit=1} instead. This
|
||||
command accepts many other options, so please refer to @ref{Commands},
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
The command @command{terminal} chooses which type of terminal you want
|
||||
to use. In that case above, the terminal will be a serial terminal, but
|
||||
you can also pass @code{console} to the command, like @samp{terminal
|
||||
serial console}. In this case, a terminal in which you press any key
|
||||
will be selected as a GRUB terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
However, note that GRUB assumes that your terminal emulator is
|
||||
compatible with VT100 by default. This is true for most terminal
|
||||
emulators nowadays, but you should pass the option @option{--dumb} to
|
||||
the command, if your terminal emulator is not VT100-compatible or
|
||||
implement few VT100 escape sequences. If you specify the option, then
|
||||
GRUB doesn't provide you with the menu interface, because the menu
|
||||
requires several fancy features for your terminal. Instead, GRUB only
|
||||
gives you the hidden menu interface and the command-line interface.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node Configuration
|
||||
@chapter Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -892,8 +949,9 @@ color light-green/brown blink-red/blue
|
|||
|
||||
In the last entry, the command @command{color} is used, to change the
|
||||
menu colors (try it!). This command is somewhat special, because it can
|
||||
be used both in the command-line and in the menu (@pxref{General
|
||||
commands}). GRUB has several such commands, see the user reference.
|
||||
be used both in the command-line and in the menu (@pxref{Command-line
|
||||
and menu commands}). GRUB has several such commands, see the user
|
||||
reference.
|
||||
|
||||
We hope that you now understand how to use the basic features of
|
||||
GRUB. To learn more about GRUB, see the User Reference Manual
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -430,20 +430,24 @@ returning to the main menu.
|
|||
@node Commands
|
||||
@chapter The list of available commands
|
||||
|
||||
In this chapter, we list the available commands, both in the
|
||||
configuration file and in the command line.
|
||||
In this chapter, we list all commands that are available in GRUB.
|
||||
|
||||
Commands belong to different groups. A few can only be used in
|
||||
the global section of the configuration file (or ``menu''); most
|
||||
of them can be entered on the command line and can be either used
|
||||
in the menu or in the menu entries.
|
||||
|
||||
@menu
|
||||
* Menu-specific commands::
|
||||
* General commands::
|
||||
* Command-line-specific commands::
|
||||
* Command-line and menu commands::
|
||||
* Command-line and menu entry commands::
|
||||
@end menu
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node Menu-specific commands
|
||||
@section The list of commands for the menu only
|
||||
|
||||
The semantics are as follows:
|
||||
The semantics used in parsing the configuration file are the following:
|
||||
|
||||
@itemize @bullet
|
||||
@item
|
||||
|
@ -468,25 +472,33 @@ Extra options or text at the end of the line is ignored unless otherwise
|
|||
specified.
|
||||
|
||||
@item
|
||||
Bad commands are added to the current entry, except before entries
|
||||
Unrecognized commands are added to the current entry, except before entries
|
||||
start, where they are ignored.
|
||||
@end itemize
|
||||
|
||||
Commands usable in the menu only.
|
||||
These commands can only be used in the menu:
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command default num
|
||||
Set the default entry to the entry number @var{num} (if not specified,
|
||||
it is 0, the first entry).
|
||||
Set the default entry to the entry number @var{num}. Numbering starts
|
||||
from 0, and entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command fallback num
|
||||
Go into unattended boot mode: if the default boot entry has any errors,
|
||||
instead of waiting for the user to do anything, it immediately starts
|
||||
instead of waiting for the user to do anything, immediately start
|
||||
over using the @var{num} entry (same numbering as the @code{default}
|
||||
command). This obviously won't help if the machine was rebooted by a
|
||||
kernel that GRUB loaded.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command hiddenmenu
|
||||
Don't display the menu. If the command is used, no menu will be
|
||||
displayed on the control terminal, and the default entry will be
|
||||
booted after the timeout expired. The user can still request the
|
||||
menu to be displayed by pressing @key{ESC} before the timeout
|
||||
expires.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command password passwd [new-config-file]
|
||||
Disable all interactive editing control (menu entry editor and
|
||||
command line) and entries protected by the command @command{lock}. If
|
||||
|
@ -507,13 +519,14 @@ the line, starting with the first non-space character.
|
|||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node General commands
|
||||
@section The list of general commands
|
||||
@node Command-line and menu commands
|
||||
@section The list of command-line and menu commands
|
||||
|
||||
Commands usable both in the menu and in the command line.
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command bootp
|
||||
Initialize a network device via the @dfn{BOOTP} protocol.
|
||||
Initialize a network device via the @dfn{BOOTP} protocol. This command
|
||||
is only available if GRUB is compiled with netboot support.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command color normal [highlight]
|
||||
|
@ -602,8 +615,8 @@ image, and/or to fix the drives guessed by GRUB when GRUB fails to
|
|||
determine them correctly, like this:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> device (fd0) /floppy-image
|
||||
grub> device (hd0) /dev/sd0
|
||||
grub> @kbd{device (fd0) /floppy-image}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{device (hd0) /dev/sd0}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
This command can be used only in the grub shell (@pxref{Invoking the
|
||||
|
@ -611,18 +624,54 @@ grub shell}).
|
|||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command dhcp
|
||||
Initialize a network device via the @dfn{DHCP} protocol. At the moment,
|
||||
this command is just an alias for @command{bootp}.
|
||||
Initialize a network device via the @dfn{DHCP} protocol. Currently,
|
||||
this command is just an alias for @command{bootp}, since the two
|
||||
protocols are very similar. This command
|
||||
is only available if GRUB is compiled with netboot support.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command hide partition
|
||||
Hide @var{partition} by setting the @dfn{hidden} bit in its partition
|
||||
type code. This is useful only for DOS or Windows when multiple primary
|
||||
partitions exist in one disk.
|
||||
type code. This is useful only when booting DOS or Windows
|
||||
and multiple primary FAT partitions exist in one disk.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command part_new part type from to
|
||||
Create a new primary partition. @var{part} is a partition specification
|
||||
in GRUB syntax (@pxref{Naming convention}); @var{type} is the partition
|
||||
type and must be a number in the range @code{0-0xff}; @var{from} and
|
||||
@var{to} are the starting and ending sectors, expressed as an absolute
|
||||
sector number.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command part_type part type
|
||||
Change the type of an existing partition. @var{part} is a partition
|
||||
specification in GRUB syntax (@pxref{Naming convention}); @var{type}
|
||||
is the new partition type and must be a number in the range 0-0xff.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command rarp
|
||||
Initialize a network device via the @dfn{RARP} protocol.
|
||||
Initialize a network device via the @dfn{RARP} protocol. This command
|
||||
is only available if GRUB is compiled with netboot support.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command serial [@option{--unit=}unit] [@option{--port=}port] [@option{--speed=}speed] [@option{--word=}word] [@option{--parity=}parity] [@option{--stop=}stop] [@option{--device=}dev]
|
||||
Initialize a serial device. @var{unit} is a number in the range 0-3
|
||||
specifying which serial port to use; default is 0, that corresponds
|
||||
the port often called COM1. @var{port} is the I/O port where the UART
|
||||
is to be found; if specified it takes precedence over @var{unit}.
|
||||
@var{speed} is the transmission speed; default is 9600. @var{word} and
|
||||
@var{stop} are the number of data bits and stop bits. Data bits must
|
||||
be in the range 5-8 and stop bits are 1 or 2. Default is 8 data bits
|
||||
and one stop bit. @var{parity} is one of @option{no}, @option{odd},
|
||||
@option{even} and defaults to @option{no}. The option @option{--device}
|
||||
can only be used in the GRUB shell and is used to specify the
|
||||
tty device to be used in the host Operating System.
|
||||
|
||||
The serial port is not used as a communication channel unless the
|
||||
@var{terminal} command is used.
|
||||
|
||||
This command is only available if GRUB is compiled with serial support.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command setkey to_key from_key
|
||||
|
@ -632,8 +681,8 @@ keys. If you want to exchange the keys, run this command again with the
|
|||
arguments exchanged, like this:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> setkey capslock control
|
||||
grub> setkey control capslock
|
||||
grub> @kbd{setkey capslock control}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{setkey control capslock}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
A key must be an alphabet, a digit, or one of these symbols:
|
||||
|
@ -752,24 +801,35 @@ character each of the symbols corresponds:
|
|||
@end table
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command terminal [@option{--dumb}] [@option{--timeout=}secs] [console] [serial]"
|
||||
Select a terminal for user interaction. The terminal is assumed to be
|
||||
vt100 compatible unless @option{--dumb} is specified. If both
|
||||
@option{console} and @option{serial} are specified, then GRUB will use
|
||||
the one where a key is entered first. If neither are specified, the
|
||||
current setting is reported. Default is @option{console}.
|
||||
This command is only available if GRUB is compiled with serial support.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command tftpserver ipaddr
|
||||
Override a TFTP server address returned by a BOOTP/DHCP/RARP server. The
|
||||
argument @var{ipaddr} must be in dotted decimal format, like
|
||||
@samp{192.168.0.15}.
|
||||
@samp{192.168.0.15}. This command is only available if GRUB is compiled
|
||||
with netboot support.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command unhide partition
|
||||
Unhide @var{partition} by clearing the @dfn{hidden} bit in its partition
|
||||
type code. This is useful only for DOS or Windows when multiple primary
|
||||
partitions exist in one disk.
|
||||
type code. This is useful only when booting DOS or Windows and multiple
|
||||
primary partitions exist in one disk.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@node Command-line-specific commands
|
||||
@section The list of commands in the command line
|
||||
@node Command-line and menu entry commands
|
||||
@section The list of command-line and menu entry commands
|
||||
|
||||
These commands are usable only in the command line and in menu entries.
|
||||
If you forget some command, run the command @command{help}.
|
||||
These commands are usable in the command line and in menu entries. If
|
||||
you forget a command, you can run the command @command{help}.
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command blocklist file
|
||||
Print the blocklist notation of the file @var{file} (@pxref{Blocklist
|
||||
|
@ -777,9 +837,9 @@ syntax}).
|
|||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command boot
|
||||
This boots the OS/chain-loader which has been loaded. Only necessary if
|
||||
Boot the OS/chain-loader which has been loaded. Only necessary if
|
||||
running the fully interactive command line (it is implicit at the end of
|
||||
a config-file entry).
|
||||
a menu entry).
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command cat file
|
||||
|
@ -787,7 +847,7 @@ Display the contents of the file @var{file}. This command may be useful
|
|||
to remind you of your OS's root partition:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> cat /etc/fstab
|
||||
grub> @kbd{cat /etc/fstab}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -822,12 +882,10 @@ If they are completely identical, nothing will be printed.
|
|||
Load @var{file} as a configuration file.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command embed stage1_5 device
|
||||
Embed the Stage 1.5 @var{stage1_5} in the sectors after the MBR if
|
||||
@var{device} is a drive, or in the @dfn{boot loader} area if @var{device}
|
||||
is a FFS partition or a ReiserFS partition.@footnote{The latter feature
|
||||
has not been implemented yet.} Print the number of sectors which
|
||||
@var{stage1_5} occupies, if successful.
|
||||
@deffn Command debug
|
||||
Toggle debug mode (by default it is off). When debug mode is on, some
|
||||
extra messages are printed to show disk activity. This global debug flag
|
||||
is mainly useful for GRUB developers when testing new code.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command displaymem
|
||||
|
@ -841,6 +899,14 @@ at 1MB and going up to the first chipset hole for @dfn{upper memory}
|
|||
maximum of 64MB).
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command embed stage1_5 device
|
||||
Embed the Stage 1.5 @var{stage1_5} in the sectors after the MBR if
|
||||
@var{device} is a drive, or in the @dfn{boot loader} area if @var{device}
|
||||
is a FFS partition or a ReiserFS partition.@footnote{The latter feature
|
||||
has not been implemented yet.} Print the number of sectors which
|
||||
@var{stage1_5} occupies, if successful.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command find filename
|
||||
Search for the filename @var{filename} in all of partitions and print
|
||||
the list of the devices which contain the file. The filename
|
||||
|
@ -861,7 +927,7 @@ or @command{testload} commands.
|
|||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command geometry drive [cylinder head sector [total_sector]]
|
||||
Print the information for the drive @var{drive}. In the grub shell, you
|
||||
Print the information for the drive @var{drive}. In the GRUB shell, you
|
||||
can set the geometry of the drive arbitrarily. The number of the
|
||||
cylinders, the one of the heads, the one of the sectors and the one of
|
||||
the total sectors are set to CYLINDER, HEAD, SECTOR and TOTAL_SECTOR,
|
||||
|
@ -869,11 +935,18 @@ respectively. If you omit TOTAL_SECTOR, then it will be calculated
|
|||
based on the C/H/S values automatically.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command halt @option{--no-apm}
|
||||
The commands halts the computer. If the @option{--no-apm} option
|
||||
is specified, no APM BIOS call is performed. Otherwise, the computer
|
||||
is shut down using APM.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command help [pattern @dots{}]
|
||||
Display helpful information about builtin commands. If you do not
|
||||
specify @var{pattern}, this command lists the short documents of all
|
||||
available commands, and, if you specify one or more @var{pattern}s, it
|
||||
displays long documents of the commands which match @var{pattern}(s).
|
||||
specify @var{pattern}, this command shows short descriptions of all
|
||||
available commands. If you specify any @var{patterns}, it displays
|
||||
longer information about each of the commands which match those
|
||||
@var{patterns}.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command impsprobe
|
||||
|
@ -960,10 +1033,10 @@ Prevent normal users from executing arbitrary menu entries. You must use
|
|||
the command @command{password} if you really want this command to be
|
||||
useful.
|
||||
|
||||
This command will be used like this example:
|
||||
This command is used in a menu, as shown in this this example:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
title This is a too dangerous entry to be executed by normal users
|
||||
title This entry is too dangerous to be executed by normal users
|
||||
lock
|
||||
root (hd0,a)
|
||||
kernel /no-security-os
|
||||
|
@ -981,8 +1054,8 @@ necessary when you chain-load some operating systems, such as DOS, if
|
|||
such an OS resides at a non-first drive. Here is an example:
|
||||
|
||||
@example
|
||||
grub> map (hd0) (hd1)
|
||||
grub> map (hd1) (hd0)
|
||||
grub> @kbd{map (hd0) (hd1)}
|
||||
grub> @kbd{map (hd1) (hd0)}
|
||||
@end example
|
||||
|
||||
The example exchanges the order between the first hard disk and the
|
||||
|
@ -1012,7 +1085,11 @@ change floppies.
|
|||
|
||||
@deffn Command quit
|
||||
Exit from the GRUB shell @command{grub} (@pxref{Invoking the grub
|
||||
shell}). This command can be used only in the grub shell.
|
||||
shell}). This command can be used only in the GRUB shell.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command reboot
|
||||
Reboot the computer.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command read addr
|
||||
|
@ -1041,6 +1118,10 @@ desired. Note that the items mentioned in @command{root} above which
|
|||
derived from attempting the mount will @emph{not} work correctly.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command savedefault
|
||||
Save the current menu entry as default entry.
|
||||
@end deffn
|
||||
|
||||
@deffn Command setup [@option{--force-lba}] install_device [image_device]
|
||||
Set up the installation of GRUB automatically. This command uses the
|
||||
more flexible command @command{install} in the backend and installs GRUB
|
||||
|
@ -1424,6 +1505,7 @@ option in the command line. This is a simple example:
|
|||
@example
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
|
||||
# Use /usr/sbin/grub if you are on an older system.
|
||||
/sbin/grub --batch <<EOT 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
|
||||
root (hd0,0)
|
||||
setup (hd0)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
|
|||
@set UPDATED 3 April 2000
|
||||
@set UPDATED 7 October 2000
|
||||
@set EDITION 0.5.97
|
||||
@set VERSION 0.5.97
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue