2002-06-01 Yoshinori K. Okuji <okuji@enbug.org>
* docs/grub.texi (FAQ): Removed. See the GNU GRUB FAQ on the web instead.
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2002-06-01 Yoshinori K. Okuji <okuji@enbug.org>
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* docs/grub.texi (FAQ): Removed. See the GNU GRUB FAQ on the web
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instead.
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2002-05-31 Yoshinori K. Okuji <okuji@enbug.org>
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* docs/grub.texi (Reporting bugs): Recommend using the BTS on
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2
NEWS
2
NEWS
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@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ New in 0.93:
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way to report bugs is to use the BTS rather than sending e-mail to
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bug-grub. See <http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group_id=68>, for more
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details.
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* The appendix "FAQ" in the manual is removed. See the GNU GRUB FAQ on
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the web <http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub-faq.html> instead.
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New in 0.92 - 2002-04-30:
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* The command "displaymem" uses only hex digits for consistency.
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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.\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by help2man 1.23.
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.TH GRUB-INSTALL "8" "May 2002" "grub-install (GNU GRUB 0.93)" FSF
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.TH GRUB-INSTALL "8" "June 2002" "grub-install (GNU GRUB 0.93)" FSF
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.SH NAME
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grub-install \- install GRUB on your drive
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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.\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by help2man 1.23.
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.TH GRUB-MD5-CRYPT "8" "May 2002" "grub-md5-crypt (GNU GRUB )" FSF
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.TH GRUB-MD5-CRYPT "8" "June 2002" "grub-md5-crypt (GNU GRUB )" FSF
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.SH NAME
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grub-md5-crypt \- Encrypt a password in MD5 format
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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.\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by help2man 1.23.
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.TH GRUB "8" "May 2002" "grub (GNU GRUB 0.93)" FSF
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.TH GRUB "8" "June 2002" "grub (GNU GRUB 0.93)" FSF
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.SH NAME
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grub \- the grub shell
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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218
docs/grub.texi
218
docs/grub.texi
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@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ This edition documents version @value{VERSION}.
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* Invoking grub-install:: How to use the GRUB installer
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* Invoking grub-md5-crypt:: How to generate a cryptic password
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* Invoking mbchk:: How to use the Multiboot checker
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* FAQ:: Frequently asked questions
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* Obtaining and Building GRUB:: How to obtain and build GRUB
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* Reporting bugs:: Where you should send a bug report
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* Future:: Some future plans on GRUB
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@ -3413,219 +3412,6 @@ Suppress all normal output.
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@end table
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@node FAQ
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@appendix Frequently asked questions
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@table @asis
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@item How does GNU GRUB differ from Erich's original GRUB?
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GNU GRUB is the successor of Erich's great GRUB. He couldn't work on
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GRUB because of some other tasks, so the current maintainers Yoshinori
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K. Okuji and Gordon Matzigkeit took over the maintainership, and opened
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the development in order for everybody to participate it.
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Technically speaking, GNU GRUB has many features that are not seen in
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the original GRUB. For example, GNU GRUB can be installed on UNIX-like
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operating system (such as GNU/Hurd) via the grub shell
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@file{/sbin/grub} (or @file{/usr/sbin/grub} on older systems), it
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supports Logical Block Address (LBA) mode that solves the 1024 cylinders
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problem, and @kbd{@key{TAB}} completes a file name when it's unique. Of
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course, many bug fixes are done as well, so it is recommended to use GNU
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GRUB.
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@item Can GRUB boot my operating system from over 8GB hard disks?
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That depends on your BIOS and your operating system. You must make
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sure that your drive is accessible in LBA mode. Generally, that is
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configurable in BIOS setting utility. Read the manual for your BIOS
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for more information.
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Furthermore, some operating systems (i.e. DOS) cannot access any large
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disk, so the problem is not solved by any kind of boot loader. GNU/Hurd
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and GNU/Linux can surely boot from such a large disk.
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@item Can I put Stage2 into a partition which is over 1024 cylinders?
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Yes, if your BIOS supports the LBA mode.
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@item How to create a GRUB boot floppy with the menu interface?
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The easiest way is:
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@enumerate
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@item
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Create filesystem in your floppy disk. For example:
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@example
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$ mke2fs /dev/fd0
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@end example
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@item
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Mount it on somewhere, say, @file{/mnt}.
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@item
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Copy the GRUB images to @file{/mnt/boot/grub}. Only @file{stage1},
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@file{stage2} and @file{menu.lst} are necessary. You may not copy
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@dfn{stage1.5}s.
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@item
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Run the following command (substitute @file{/usr/sbin/grub} for
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@file{/sbin/grub} if you are using an older system):
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@example
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@group
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$ /sbin/grub --batch <<EOT
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root (fd0)
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setup (fd0)
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quit
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EOT
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@end group
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@end example
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@end enumerate
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@item How to specify a partition?
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@xref{Device syntax}.
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@item GRUB does not recognize my GNU/Hurd partition.
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I don't know why, but the authors of FDISK programs have assigned the
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partition type @samp{0x63} to the GNU Hurd incorrectly. So use
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@samp{0x83} if the partition contains ext2fs filesystem, and use
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@samp{0xA5} if the partition contains ffs filesystem, whether the
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partition owner is the Hurd or not. We will use @samp{0x63} for the
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GNU Hurd filesystem that has not been implemented yet.
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@item I've installed a recent version of binutils, but GRUB still crashes.
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Please check for the version of your binutils by this command:
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@example
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@kbd{ld -v}
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@end example
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This will show two versions, but only the latter is important. If the
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version is identical with what you have installed, the installation was
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not bad.
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Well, please try:
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@example
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@kbd{gcc -Wl,-v 2>&1 | grep "GNU ld"}
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@end example
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If this is not identical with the result above, you should specify the
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directory where you have installed binutils for the script configure,
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like this:
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@example
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@kbd{./configure --with-binutils=/usr/local/bin}
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@end example
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If you follow the instructions above but GRUB still crashes, probably
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there is a serious bug in GRUB. @xref{Reporting bugs}.
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@item GRUB hangs up when accessing my SCSI disk.
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Check if you have turned on the support for INT 13 extension (LBA). If
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so, disable the support and see if GRUB can now access your SCSI
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disk. This will make it clear that your SCSI BIOS sucks.
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For now, we know the following doesn't provide working LBA mode:
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@table @asis
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@item
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Adaptec AIC-7880
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@end table
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In the case where you have such a SCSI controller unfortunately, you
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cannot use the LBA mode, though GRUB still works fine in the CHS mode
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(so the well-known 1024 cylinders problem comes again to you).
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@strong{Caution:} Actually it has not been verified yet if this bug is
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due to the SCSI BIOS or GRUB itself, frankly speaking. Because the
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developers haven't seen it by their own eyes. This is why it is
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desirable that you investigate the cause seriously if you have the
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skill.
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@item How can I specify an arbitrary memory size to Linux?
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Pass a @samp{mem=} option to your Linux kernel, like this:
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@example
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grub> @kbd{kernel /vmlinuz mem=128M}
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@end example
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You may pass other options in the same way. See @xref{GNU/Linux}, for
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more details.
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@item I have a separate boot partition and GRUB doesn't recognize it.
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This is often reported as a @dfn{bug}, but this is not a bug
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really. This is a feature.
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Because GRUB is a boot loader and it normally runs under no operating
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system, it doesn't know where a partition is mounted under your
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operating systems. So, if you have the partition @file{/boot} and you
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install GRUB images into the directory @file{/boot/grub}, GRUB
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recognizes that the images lies under the directory @file{/grub} but not
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@file{/boot/grub}. That's fine, since there is no guarantee that all of
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your operating systems mount the same partition as @file{/boot}.
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There are several solutions for this situation.
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@enumerate
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@item
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Install GRUB into the directory @file{/boot/boot/grub} instead of
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@file{/boot/grub}. This may sound ugly but should work fine.
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@item
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Create a symbolic link before installing GRUB, like @samp{cd /boot && ln
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-s . boot}. This works only if the filesystem of the boot partition
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supports symbolic links and GRUB supports the feature as well.
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@item
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Install GRUB with the command @command{install}, to specify the paths of
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GRUB images explicitly. Here is an example:
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@example
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@group
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grub> @kbd{root (hd0,1)}
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grub> @kbd{install /grub/stage1 d (hd0) /grub/stage2 p /grub/menu.lst}
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@end group
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@end example
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@end enumerate
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@item How to uninstall GRUB from my hard disk drive?
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There is no concept @dfn{uninstall} in boot loaders, because if you
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@dfn{uninstall} a boot loader, an unbootable machine would simply
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remain. So all you need to do is overwrite another boot loader you like
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to your disk, that is, install the boot loader without uninstalling
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GRUB.
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For example, if you want to install the boot loader for Windows, just
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run @code{FDISK /MBR} on Windows. If you want to install LILO@footnote{I
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can't imagine why you want to do such a thing, though}, run
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@code{/sbin/lilo} on GNU/Linux.
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@item GRUB hangs when accessing my large IDE disk.
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If your disk is bigger than 32GB, probably updating your mainboard BIOS
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will solve your problem. This bug is well-known and most vendors should
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provide fixed versions. For example, if you have ASUS-P3BF, upgrading
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the BIOS to V1007beta1 or later can fix it. Please ask your vendor, for
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more information.
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@item Why don't Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, etc. become Multiboot-compliant?
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Please ask the relevant maintainers. If all free kernels were
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Multiboot-compliant (@pxref{Top, Multiboot Specification, Motivation,
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multiboot, The Multiboot Specification}), the world would be an
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utopia@dots{}
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@end table
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@node Obtaining and Building GRUB
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@appendix How to obtain and build GRUB
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@ -3694,8 +3480,8 @@ below before you submit bugs:
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@enumerate
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@item
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Before unsettled, read this manual through and through, in particular
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@xref{FAQ}.
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Before unsettled, read this manual through and through. Also, see the
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@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub-faq.html, GNU GRUB FAQ}.
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@item
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Always mention the information on your GRUB. The version number and the
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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.\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by help2man 1.23.
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.TH MBCHK "1" "May 2002" "mbchk (GNU GRUB 0.93)" FSF
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.TH MBCHK "1" "June 2002" "mbchk (GNU GRUB 0.93)" FSF
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.SH NAME
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mbchk \- check the format of a Multiboot kernel
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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@set UPDATED 31 May 2002
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@set UPDATED-MONTH May 2002
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@set UPDATED 1 June 2002
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@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2002
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@set EDITION 0.93
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@set VERSION 0.93
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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@set UPDATED 31 May 2002
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@set UPDATED-MONTH May 2002
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@set UPDATED 1 June 2002
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@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2002
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@set EDITION 0.93
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@set VERSION 0.93
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