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Fix some typos in the Multiboot Specification.

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okuji 2002-06-14 23:53:54 +00:00
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docs/multiboot.texi
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@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
@ifinfo
Copyright @copyright{} 1995, 96 Bryan Ford <baford@@cs.utah.edu>
Copyright @copyright{} 1995, 96 Erich Stefan Boleyn <erich@@uruk.org>
Copyright @copyright{} 1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright @copyright{} 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
@titlepage
@sp 10
@title The Multiboot Specification
@author OKUJI Yoshinori, Bryan Ford, Erich Stefan Boleyn, Kunihiro Ishiguro
@author Yoshinori K. Okuji, Bryan Ford, Erich Stefan Boleyn, Kunihiro Ishiguro
@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
Copyright @copyright{} 1995, 96 Bryan Ford <baford@@cs.utah.edu>
Copyright @copyright{} 1995, 96 Erich Stefan Boleyn <erich@@uruk.org>
Copyright @copyright{} 1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright @copyright{} 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
@headings double
@ifnottex
@node Top, Overview, (dir), (dir)
@node Top
@top Multiboot Specification
This file documents Multiboot Specification, the proposal for the boot
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ sequence standard. This edition documents version 0.6.93.
@end menu
@node Overview, Terminology, Top, Top
@node Overview
@chapter Introduction to Multiboot Specification
This chapter describes some rough information on the Multiboot
@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Specification. Note that this is not a part of the specification itself.
@end menu
@node Motivation, Architecture, Overview, Overview
@node Motivation
@section The background of Multiboot Specification
Every operating system ever created tends to have its own boot loader.
@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ specification does @emph{not} specify how boot loaders should work ---
only how they must interface with the operating system being loaded.
@node Architecture, Operating systems, Motivation, Overview
@node Architecture
@section The target architecture
This specification is primarily targeted at @sc{pc}, since they are the
@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ this specification, stripped of the x86-specific details, could be
adopted for them as well.
@node Operating systems, Boot sources, Architecture, Overview
@node Operating systems
@section The target operating systems
This specification is targeted toward free 32-bit operating systems
@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ be nice if commercial operating system vendors eventually adopted this
specification as well, but that's probably a pipe dream.
@node Boot sources, Boot-time configuration, Operating systems, Overview
@node Boot sources
@section Boot sources
It should be possible to write compliant boot loaders that load the OS
@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ loading mechanisms, increasing their portability, robustness, and
user-friendliness.
@node Boot-time configuration, Convenience to operating systems, Boot sources, Overview
@node Boot-time configuration
@section Configure an operating system at boot-time
It is often necessary for one reason or another for the user to be able
@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ should provide a standard means for the boot loader to pass such
information to the operating system.
@node Convenience to operating systems, Boot modules, Boot-time configuration, Overview
@node Convenience to operating systems
@section How to make OS development easier
OS images should be easy to generate. Ideally, an OS image should simply
@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ still conform to the local a.out format variant in addition to being
Multiboot-compliant.
@node Boot modules, , Convenience to operating systems, Overview
@node Boot modules
@section Boot modules
Many modern operating system kernels, such as those of VSTa and Mach, do
@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ support multiple boot modules, but they are strongly encouraged to,
because some operating systems will be unable to boot without them.
@node Terminology, Specification, Overview, Top
@node Terminology
@chapter The definitions of terms used through the specification
@table @dfn
@ -298,19 +298,19 @@ The type of unsigned 8-bit data.
@item u16
The type of unsigned 16-bit data. Because the target architecture is
little-endian, WORD is coded in little-endian.
little-endian, u16 is coded in little-endian.
@item u32
The type of unsigned 32-bit data. Because the target architecture is
little-endian, DWORD is coded in little-endian.
little-endian, u32 is coded in little-endian.
@item u64
The type of unsigned 64-bit data. Because the target architecture is
little-endian, QWORD is coded in little-endian.
little-endian, u64 is coded in little-endian.
@end table
@node Specification, Examples, Terminology, Top
@node Specification
@chapter The exact definitions of Multiboot Specification
There are three main aspects of a boot loader/OS image interface:
@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ system.
@end menu
@node OS image format, Machine state, Specification, Specification
@node OS image format
@section OS image format
An OS image may be an ordinary 32-bit executable file in the standard
@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ executable header.
@end menu
@node Header layout, Header magic fields, OS image format, OS image format
@node Header layout
@subsection The layout of Multiboot header
The layout of the Multiboot header must be as follows:
@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ fields @samp{mode_type}, @samp{width}, @samp{height} and @samp{depth} are
defind in @ref{Header graphics fields}.
@node Header magic fields, Header address fields, Header layout, OS image format
@node Header magic fields
@subsection The magic fields of Multiboot header
@table @samp
@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ have a 32-bit unsigned sum of zero.
@end table
@node Header address fields, Header graphics fields, Header magic fields, OS image format
@node Header address fields
@subsection The address fields of Multiboot header
All of the address fields enabled by flag bit 16 are physical addresses.
@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ start running the operating system.
@end table
@node Header graphics fields, , Header address fields, OS image format
@node Header graphics fields
@subsection The graphics fields of Multiboot header
Also, information about a preferred default mode can be specified in the
@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ the boot loader that no preference is given. This makes it possible for
a kernel to just say it wants a 32-bit resolution, for example.
@node Machine state, Boot information format, OS image format, Specification
@node Machine state
@section Machine state
FIXME: Use a table like the chapter ``Header layout''.
@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ structures before doing so. Also, the boot loader must leave the
changed them during the switch to 32-bit mode.
@node Boot information format, , Machine state, Specification
@node Boot information format
@section Boot information format
FIXME: Split this chapter like the chapter ``OS image format''.
@ -941,7 +941,7 @@ Multiboot boot loaders may simulate @sc{vbe} on non-@sc{vbe} modes, as
if they were @sc{vbe} modes.
@node Examples, History, Specification, Top
@node Examples
@chapter Examples
@strong{Caution:} The following items are not part of the specification
@ -956,7 +956,7 @@ loader writers.
@end menu
@node Notes on PC, BIOS device mapping techniques, Examples, Examples
@node Notes on PC
@section Notes on PC
In reference to bit 0 of the @samp{flags} parameter in the Multiboot
@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ boot loader to work unmodified with any reasonable extensions of the
the operating system as desired.
@node BIOS device mapping techniques, Example OS code, Notes on PC, Examples
@node BIOS device mapping techniques
@section BIOS device mapping techniques
Both of these techniques should be usable from any PC operating system,
@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ drivers.
@end menu
@node Data comparison technique, I/O restriction technique, BIOS device mapping techniques, BIOS device mapping techniques
@node Data comparison technique
@subsection Data comparison technique
Before activating @emph{any} of the device drivers, gather enough data
@ -1035,7 +1035,7 @@ of giving up there as well).
@end enumerate
@node I/O restriction technique, , Data comparison technique, BIOS device mapping techniques
@node I/O restriction technique
@subsection I/O restriction technique
This first step may be unnecessary, but first create copy-on-write
@ -1072,7 +1072,7 @@ In general, you have at most 2 disks from each controller given
logically numbered devices on the controller.
@node Example OS code, Example boot loader code, BIOS device mapping techniques, Examples
@node Example OS code
@section Example OS code
In this distribution, the example Multiboot kernel @file{kernel} is
@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ information structure.
@end menu
@node multiboot.h, boot.S, Example OS code, Example OS code
@node multiboot.h
@subsection multiboot.h
This is the source code in the file @file{multiboot.h}:
@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ This is the source code in the file @file{multiboot.h}:
@end example
@node boot.S, kernel.c, multiboot.h, Example OS code
@node boot.S
@subsection boot.S
In the file @file{boot.S}:
@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@ In the file @file{boot.S}:
@end example
@node kernel.c, Other Multiboot kernels, boot.S, Example OS code
@node kernel.c
@subsection kernel.c
And, in the file @file{kernel.c}:
@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ And, in the file @file{kernel.c}:
@end example
@node Other Multiboot kernels, , kernel.c, Example OS code
@node Other Multiboot kernels
@subsection Other Multiboot kernels
Other useful information should be available in Multiboot kernels, such
@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ it is worth mentioning the OSKit
library supporting the specification.
@node Example boot loader code, , Example OS code, Examples
@node Example boot loader code
@section Example boot loader code
The GNU GRUB (@pxref{Top, , GRUB, grub.info, The GRUB manual}) project
@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ See the webpage @url{http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub.html}, for
more information.
@node History, Index, Examples, Top
@node History
@chapter The change log of this specification
@table @asis
@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@ Major changes plus HTMLification.
@end table
@node Index, , History, Top
@node Index
@unnumbered Index
@printindex cp