/* * PUPA -- Preliminary Universal Programming Architecture for GRUB * Copyright (C) 1999,2000,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. * Copyright (C) 2002 Yoshinori K. Okuji * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */ #include /* * defines for the code go here */ /* Absolute addresses This makes the assembler generate the address without support from the linker. (ELF can't relocate 16-bit addresses!) */ #define ABS(x) (x-_start+PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_KERNEL_ADDR) /* Print message string */ #define MSG(x) movw $ABS(x), %si; call message .file "diskboot.S" .text /* Tell GAS to generate 16-bit instructions so that this code works in real mode. */ .code16 .globl start, _start start: _start: /* * _start is loaded at 0x2000 and is jumped to with * CS:IP 0:0x2000 in kernel. */ /* * we continue to use the stack for boot.img and assume that * some registers are set to correct values. See boot.S * for more information. */ /* save drive reference first thing! */ pushw %dx /* print a notification message on the screen */ pushw %si MSG(notification_string) popw %si /* this sets up for the first run through "bootloop" */ movw $ABS(firstlist - PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_LIST_SIZE), %di /* save the sector number of the second sector in %ebp */ movl (%di), %ebp /* this is the loop for reading the rest of the kernel in */ bootloop: /* check the number of sectors to read */ cmpw $0, 4(%di) /* if zero, go to the start function */ je bootit setup_sectors: /* check if we use LBA or CHS */ cmpb $0, -1(%si) /* jump to chs_mode if zero */ je chs_mode lba_mode: /* load logical sector start */ movl (%di), %ebx /* the maximum is limited to 0x7f because of Phoenix EDD */ xorl %eax, %eax movb $0x7f, %al /* how many do we really want to read? */ cmpw %ax, 4(%di) /* compare against total number of sectors */ /* which is greater? */ jg 1f /* if less than, set to total */ movw 4(%di), %ax 1: /* subtract from total */ subw %ax, 4(%di) /* add into logical sector start */ addl %eax, (%di) /* set up disk address packet */ /* the size and the reserved byte */ movw $0x0010, (%si) /* the number of sectors */ movw %ax, 2(%si) /* the absolute address (low 32 bits) */ movl %ebx, 8(%si) /* the segment of buffer address */ movw $PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_BUFFER_SEG, 6(%si) /* save %ax from destruction! */ pushw %ax /* zero %eax */ xorl %eax, %eax /* the offset of buffer address */ movw %ax, 4(%si) /* the absolute address (high 32 bits) */ movl %eax, 12(%si) /* * BIOS call "INT 0x13 Function 0x42" to read sectors from disk into memory * Call with %ah = 0x42 * %dl = drive number * %ds:%si = segment:offset of disk address packet * Return: * %al = 0x0 on success; err code on failure */ movb $0x42, %ah int $0x13 jc read_error movw $PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_BUFFER_SEG, %bx jmp copy_buffer chs_mode: /* load logical sector start (bottom half) */ movl (%di), %eax /* zero %edx */ xorl %edx, %edx /* divide by number of sectors */ divl (%si) /* save sector start */ movb %dl, 10(%si) xorl %edx, %edx /* zero %edx */ divl 4(%si) /* divide by number of heads */ /* save head start */ movb %dl, 11(%si) /* save cylinder start */ movw %ax, 12(%si) /* do we need too many cylinders? */ cmpw 8(%si), %ax jge geometry_error /* determine the maximum sector length of this read */ movw (%si), %ax /* get number of sectors per track/head */ /* subtract sector start */ subb 10(%si), %al /* how many do we really want to read? */ cmpw %ax, 4(%di) /* compare against total number of sectors */ /* which is greater? */ jg 2f /* if less than, set to total */ movw 4(%di), %ax 2: /* subtract from total */ subw %ax, 4(%di) /* add into logical sector start */ addl %eax, (%di) /* * This is the loop for taking care of BIOS geometry translation (ugh!) */ /* get high bits of cylinder */ movb 13(%si), %dl shlb $6, %dl /* shift left by 6 bits */ movb 10(%si), %cl /* get sector */ incb %cl /* normalize sector (sectors go from 1-N, not 0-(N-1) ) */ orb %dl, %cl /* composite together */ movb 12(%si), %ch /* sector+hcyl in cl, cylinder in ch */ /* restore %dx */ popw %dx pushw %dx /* head number */ movb 11(%si), %dh pushw %ax /* save %ax from destruction! */ /* * BIOS call "INT 0x13 Function 0x2" to read sectors from disk into memory * Call with %ah = 0x2 * %al = number of sectors * %ch = cylinder * %cl = sector (bits 6-7 are high bits of "cylinder") * %dh = head * %dl = drive (0x80 for hard disk, 0x0 for floppy disk) * %es:%bx = segment:offset of buffer * Return: * %al = 0x0 on success; err code on failure */ movw $PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_BUFFER_SEG, %bx movw %bx, %es /* load %es segment with disk buffer */ xorw %bx, %bx /* %bx = 0, put it at 0 in the segment */ movb $0x2, %ah /* function 2 */ int $0x13 jc read_error /* save source segment */ movw %es, %bx copy_buffer: /* load addresses for copy from disk buffer to destination */ movw 6(%di), %es /* load destination segment */ /* restore %ax */ popw %ax /* determine the next possible destination address (presuming 512 byte sectors!) */ shlw $5, %ax /* shift %ax five bits to the left */ addw %ax, 6(%di) /* add the corrected value to the destination address for next time */ /* save addressing regs */ pusha pushw %ds /* get the copy length */ shlw $3, %ax movw %ax, %cx xorw %di, %di /* zero offset of destination addresses */ xorw %si, %si /* zero offset of source addresses */ movw %bx, %ds /* restore the source segment */ cld /* sets the copy direction to forward */ /* perform copy */ rep /* sets a repeat */ movsw /* this runs the actual copy */ /* restore addressing regs and print a dot with correct DS (MSG modifies SI, which is saved, and unused AX and BX) */ popw %ds MSG(notification_step) popa /* check if finished with this dataset */ cmpw $0, 4(%di) jne setup_sectors /* update position to load from */ subw $PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_LIST_SIZE, %di /* jump to bootloop */ jmp bootloop /* END OF MAIN LOOP */ bootit: /* print a newline */ MSG(notification_done) popw %dx /* this makes sure %dl is our "boot" drive */ ljmp $0, $(PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_KERNEL_ADDR + 0x200) /* * BIOS Geometry translation error (past the end of the disk geometry!). */ geometry_error: MSG(geometry_error_string) jmp general_error /* * Read error on the disk. */ read_error: MSG(read_error_string) general_error: MSG(general_error_string) /* go here when you need to stop the machine hard after an error condition */ stop: jmp stop notification_string: .string "Loading kernel" notification_step: .string "." notification_done: .string "\r\n" geometry_error_string: .string "Geom" read_error_string: .string "Read" general_error_string: .string " Error" /* * message: write the string pointed to by %si * * WARNING: trashes %si, %ax, and %bx */ /* * Use BIOS "int 10H Function 0Eh" to write character in teletype mode * %ah = 0xe %al = character * %bh = page %bl = foreground color (graphics modes) */ 1: movw $0x0001, %bx movb $0xe, %ah int $0x10 /* display a byte */ incw %si message: movb (%si), %al cmpb $0, %al jne 1b /* if not end of string, jmp to display */ ret lastlist: /* * This area is an empty space between the main body of code below which * grows up (fixed after compilation, but between releases it may change * in size easily), and the lists of sectors to read, which grows down * from a fixed top location. */ .word 0 .word 0 . = _start + 0x200 - PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_LIST_SIZE /* fill the first data listing with the default */ blocklist_default_start: /* this is the sector start parameter, in logical sectors from the start of the disk, sector 0 */ .long 2 blocklist_default_len: /* this is the number of sectors to read the command "install" will fill this up */ .word 0 blocklist_default_seg: /* this is the segment of the starting address to load the data into */ .word (PUPA_BOOT_MACHINE_KERNEL_SEG + 0x20) firstlist: /* this label has to be after the list data!!! */