/* ata.c - ATA disk access. */ /* * GRUB -- GRand Unified Bootloader * Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. * * GRUB is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * GRUB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with GRUB. If not, see . */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* At the moment, only two IDE ports are supported. */ static const int grub_ata_ioaddress[] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 }; static const int grub_ata_ioaddress2[] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 }; static struct grub_ata_device *grub_ata_devices; /* Wait for !BSY. */ grub_err_t grub_ata_wait_not_busy (struct grub_ata_device *dev, int milliseconds) { /* ATA requires 400ns (after a write to CMD register) or 1 PIO cycle (after a DRQ block transfer) before first check of BSY. */ grub_millisleep (1); int i = 1; while (grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_STATUS) & GRUB_ATA_STATUS_BUSY) { if (i >= milliseconds) { grub_dprintf ("ata", "timeout: %dms\n", milliseconds); return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_TIMEOUT, "ATA timeout"); } grub_millisleep (1); i++; } return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } static inline void grub_ata_wait (void) { grub_millisleep (50); } /* Wait for !BSY, DRQ. */ grub_err_t grub_ata_wait_drq (struct grub_ata_device *dev, int rw, int milliseconds) { if (grub_ata_wait_not_busy (dev, milliseconds)) return grub_errno; /* !DRQ implies error condition. */ grub_uint8_t sts = grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_STATUS); if ((sts & (GRUB_ATA_STATUS_DRQ | GRUB_ATA_STATUS_ERR)) != GRUB_ATA_STATUS_DRQ) { grub_dprintf ("ata", "ata error: status=0x%x, error=0x%x\n", sts, grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_ERROR)); if (! rw) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_READ_ERROR, "ATA read error"); else return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_WRITE_ERROR, "ATA write error"); } return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } /* Byteorder has to be changed before strings can be read. */ static void grub_ata_strncpy (char *dst, char *src, grub_size_t len) { grub_uint16_t *src16 = (grub_uint16_t *) src; grub_uint16_t *dst16 = (grub_uint16_t *) dst; unsigned int i; for (i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) *(dst16++) = grub_be_to_cpu16 (*(src16++)); dst[len] = '\0'; } void grub_ata_pio_read (struct grub_ata_device *dev, char *buf, grub_size_t size) { grub_uint16_t *buf16 = (grub_uint16_t *) buf; unsigned int i; /* Read in the data, word by word. */ for (i = 0; i < size / 2; i++) buf16[i] = grub_le_to_cpu16 (grub_inw(dev->ioaddress + GRUB_ATA_REG_DATA)); } static void grub_ata_pio_write (struct grub_ata_device *dev, char *buf, grub_size_t size) { grub_uint16_t *buf16 = (grub_uint16_t *) buf; unsigned int i; /* Write the data, word by word. */ for (i = 0; i < size / 2; i++) grub_outw(grub_cpu_to_le16 (buf16[i]), dev->ioaddress + GRUB_ATA_REG_DATA); } static void grub_ata_dumpinfo (struct grub_ata_device *dev, char *info) { char text[41]; /* The device information was read, dump it for debugging. */ grub_ata_strncpy (text, info + 20, 20); grub_dprintf ("ata", "Serial: %s\n", text); grub_ata_strncpy (text, info + 46, 8); grub_dprintf ("ata", "Firmware: %s\n", text); grub_ata_strncpy (text, info + 54, 40); grub_dprintf ("ata", "Model: %s\n", text); if (! dev->atapi) { grub_dprintf ("ata", "Addressing: %d\n", dev->addr); grub_dprintf ("ata", "Sectors: %lld\n", dev->size); } } static grub_err_t grub_atapi_identify (struct grub_ata_device *dev) { char *info; info = grub_malloc (GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); if (! info) return grub_errno; grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_DISK, 0xE0 | dev->device << 4); if (grub_ata_check_ready (dev)) { grub_free (info); return grub_errno; } grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_CMD, GRUB_ATA_CMD_IDENTIFY_PACKET_DEVICE); grub_ata_wait (); if (grub_ata_wait_drq (dev, 0, GRUB_ATA_TOUT_STD)) { grub_free (info); return grub_errno; } grub_ata_pio_read (dev, info, GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); dev->atapi = 1; grub_ata_dumpinfo (dev, info); grub_free (info); return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } static grub_err_t grub_atapi_wait_drq (struct grub_ata_device *dev, grub_uint8_t ireason, int milliseconds) { /* Wait for !BSY, DRQ, ireason */ if (grub_ata_wait_not_busy (dev, milliseconds)) return grub_errno; grub_uint8_t sts = grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_STATUS); grub_uint8_t irs = grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_REG_IREASON); /* OK if DRQ is asserted and interrupt reason is as expected. */ if ((sts & GRUB_ATA_STATUS_DRQ) && (irs & GRUB_ATAPI_IREASON_MASK) == ireason) return GRUB_ERR_NONE; /* !DRQ implies error condition. */ grub_dprintf ("ata", "atapi error: status=0x%x, ireason=0x%x, error=0x%x\n", sts, irs, grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_ERROR)); if (! (sts & GRUB_ATA_STATUS_DRQ) && (irs & GRUB_ATAPI_IREASON_MASK) == GRUB_ATAPI_IREASON_ERROR) { if (ireason == GRUB_ATAPI_IREASON_CMD_OUT) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_READ_ERROR, "ATA PACKET command error"); else return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_READ_ERROR, "ATAPI read error"); } return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_READ_ERROR, "ATAPI protocol error"); } static grub_err_t grub_atapi_packet (struct grub_ata_device *dev, char *packet, grub_size_t size) { grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_DISK, dev->device << 4); if (grub_ata_check_ready (dev)) return grub_errno; /* Send ATA PACKET command. */ grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_FEATURES, 0); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_REG_IREASON, 0); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_REG_CNTHIGH, size >> 8); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_REG_CNTLOW, size & 0xFF); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_CMD, GRUB_ATA_CMD_PACKET); /* Wait for !BSY, DRQ, !I/O, C/D. */ if (grub_atapi_wait_drq (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_IREASON_CMD_OUT, GRUB_ATA_TOUT_STD)) return grub_errno; /* Write the packet. */ grub_ata_pio_write (dev, packet, 12); return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } static grub_err_t grub_ata_identify (struct grub_ata_device *dev) { char *info; grub_uint16_t *info16; info = grub_malloc (GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); if (! info) return grub_errno; info16 = (grub_uint16_t *) info; grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_DISK, 0xE0 | dev->device << 4); if (grub_ata_check_ready (dev)) { grub_free (info); return grub_errno; } grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_CMD, GRUB_ATA_CMD_IDENTIFY_DEVICE); grub_ata_wait (); if (grub_ata_wait_drq (dev, 0, GRUB_ATA_TOUT_STD)) { if (grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_ERROR) & 0x04) /* ABRT */ { /* Device without ATA IDENTIFY, try ATAPI. */ grub_free(info); grub_errno = GRUB_ERR_NONE; return grub_atapi_identify (dev); } else { /* Error. */ grub_free(info); return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_UNKNOWN_DEVICE, "device can not be identified"); } } grub_ata_pio_read (dev, info, GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); /* Now it is certain that this is not an ATAPI device. */ dev->atapi = 0; /* CHS is always supported. */ dev->addr = GRUB_ATA_CHS; /* Check if LBA is supported. */ if (info16[49] & (1 << 9)) { /* Check if LBA48 is supported. */ if (info16[83] & (1 << 10)) dev->addr = GRUB_ATA_LBA48; else dev->addr = GRUB_ATA_LBA; } /* Determine the amount of sectors. */ if (dev->addr != GRUB_ATA_LBA48) dev->size = grub_le_to_cpu32(*((grub_uint32_t *) &info16[60])); else dev->size = grub_le_to_cpu64(*((grub_uint64_t *) &info16[100])); /* Read CHS information. */ dev->cylinders = info16[1]; dev->heads = info16[3]; dev->sectors_per_track = info16[6]; grub_ata_dumpinfo (dev, info); grub_free(info); return 0; } static grub_err_t grub_ata_device_initialize (int port, int device, int addr, int addr2) { struct grub_ata_device *dev; struct grub_ata_device **devp; grub_dprintf ("ata", "detecting device %d,%d (0x%x, 0x%x)\n", port, device, addr, addr2); dev = grub_malloc (sizeof(*dev)); if (! dev) return grub_errno; /* Setup the device information. */ dev->port = port; dev->device = device; dev->ioaddress = addr; dev->ioaddress2 = addr2; dev->next = NULL; grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_DISK, dev->device << 4); grub_ata_wait (); /* If status is 0x00, it is safe to assume that there is no device (or only a !READY) device connected. */ grub_int8_t sts = grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_STATUS); grub_dprintf ("ata", "status=0x%x\n", sts); if (sts == 0x00) { grub_free(dev); return 0; } /* Try to detect if the port is in use by writing to it, waiting for a while and reading it again. If the value was preserved, there is a device connected. But this tests often detects a second (slave) device connected to a SATA controller which supports only one (master) device. In this case, the status register check above usually works. */ grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_SECTORS, 0x5A); grub_ata_wait (); grub_int8_t sec = grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_SECTORS); grub_dprintf ("ata", "sectors=0x%x\n", sec); if (sec != 0x5A) { grub_free(dev); return 0; } /* Use the IDENTIFY DEVICE command to query the device. */ if (grub_ata_identify (dev)) { grub_free (dev); return 0; } /* Register the device. */ for (devp = &grub_ata_devices; *devp; devp = &(*devp)->next); *devp = dev; return 0; } static int NESTED_FUNC_ATTR grub_ata_pciinit (int bus, int device, int func, grub_pci_id_t pciid __attribute__((unused))) { static int compat_use[2] = { 0 }; grub_pci_address_t addr; grub_uint32_t class; grub_uint32_t bar1; grub_uint32_t bar2; int rega; int regb; int i; static int controller = 0; /* Read class. */ addr = grub_pci_make_address (bus, device, func, 2); class = grub_pci_read (addr); /* Check if this class ID matches that of a PCI IDE Controller. */ if (class >> 16 != 0x0101) return 0; for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) { /* Set to 0 when the channel operated in compatibility mode. */ int compat = (class >> (8 + 2 * i)) & 1; rega = 0; regb = 0; /* If the channel is in compatibility mode, just assign the default registers. */ if (compat == 0 && !compat_use[i]) { rega = grub_ata_ioaddress[i]; regb = grub_ata_ioaddress2[i]; compat_use[i] = 1; } else if (compat) { /* Read the BARs, which either contain a mmapped IO address or the IO port address. */ addr = grub_pci_make_address (bus, device, func, 4 + 2 * i); bar1 = grub_pci_read (addr); addr = grub_pci_make_address (bus, device, func, 5 + 2 * i); bar2 = grub_pci_read (addr); /* Check if the BARs describe an IO region. */ if ((bar1 & 1) && (bar2 & 1)) { rega = bar1 & ~3; regb = bar2 & ~3; } } grub_dprintf ("ata", "PCI dev (%d,%d,%d) compat=%d rega=0x%x regb=0x%x\n", bus, device, func, compat, rega, regb); if (rega && regb) { grub_errno = GRUB_ERR_NONE; grub_ata_device_initialize (controller * 2 + i, 0, rega, regb); /* Most errors raised by grub_ata_device_initialize() are harmless. They just indicate this particular drive is not responding, most likely because it doesn't exist. We might want to ignore specific error types here, instead of printing them. */ if (grub_errno) { grub_print_error (); grub_errno = GRUB_ERR_NONE; } grub_ata_device_initialize (controller * 2 + i, 1, rega, regb); /* Likewise. */ if (grub_errno) { grub_print_error (); grub_errno = GRUB_ERR_NONE; } } } controller++; return 0; } static grub_err_t grub_ata_initialize (void) { grub_pci_iterate (grub_ata_pciinit); return 0; } static void grub_ata_setlba (struct grub_ata_device *dev, grub_disk_addr_t sector, grub_size_t size) { grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_SECTORS, size); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_LBALOW, sector & 0xFF); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_LBAMID, (sector >> 8) & 0xFF); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_LBAHIGH, (sector >> 16) & 0xFF); } static grub_err_t grub_ata_setaddress (struct grub_ata_device *dev, grub_ata_addressing_t addressing, grub_disk_addr_t sector, grub_size_t size) { switch (addressing) { case GRUB_ATA_CHS: { unsigned int cylinder; unsigned int head; unsigned int sect; /* Calculate the sector, cylinder and head to use. */ sect = ((grub_uint32_t) sector % dev->sectors_per_track) + 1; cylinder = (((grub_uint32_t) sector / dev->sectors_per_track) / dev->heads); head = ((grub_uint32_t) sector / dev->sectors_per_track) % dev->heads; if (sect > dev->sectors_per_track || cylinder > dev->cylinders || head > dev->heads) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE, "sector %d can not be addressed " "using CHS addressing", sector); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_DISK, (dev->device << 4) | head); if (grub_ata_check_ready (dev)) return grub_errno; grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_SECTNUM, sect); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_CYLLSB, cylinder & 0xFF); grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_CYLMSB, cylinder >> 8); break; } case GRUB_ATA_LBA: if (size == 256) size = 0; grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_DISK, 0xE0 | (dev->device << 4) | ((sector >> 24) & 0x0F)); if (grub_ata_check_ready (dev)) return grub_errno; grub_ata_setlba (dev, sector, size); break; case GRUB_ATA_LBA48: if (size == 65536) size = 0; grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_DISK, 0xE0 | (dev->device << 4)); if (grub_ata_check_ready (dev)) return grub_errno; /* Set "Previous". */ grub_ata_setlba (dev, sector >> 24, size >> 8); /* Set "Current". */ grub_ata_setlba (dev, sector, size); break; } return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } static grub_err_t grub_ata_readwrite (grub_disk_t disk, grub_disk_addr_t sector, grub_size_t size, char *buf, int rw) { struct grub_ata_device *dev = (struct grub_ata_device *) disk->data; grub_dprintf("ata", "grub_ata_readwrite (size=%u, rw=%d)\n", size, rw); grub_ata_addressing_t addressing = dev->addr; grub_size_t batch; int cmd, cmd_write; if (addressing == GRUB_ATA_LBA48 && ((sector + size) >> 28) != 0) { batch = 65536; cmd = GRUB_ATA_CMD_READ_SECTORS_EXT; cmd_write = GRUB_ATA_CMD_WRITE_SECTORS_EXT; } else { if (addressing == GRUB_ATA_LBA48) addressing = GRUB_ATA_LBA; batch = 256; cmd = GRUB_ATA_CMD_READ_SECTORS; cmd_write = GRUB_ATA_CMD_WRITE_SECTORS; } grub_size_t nsectors = 0; while (nsectors < size) { if (size - nsectors < batch) batch = size - nsectors; grub_dprintf("ata", "rw=%d, sector=%llu, batch=%u\n", rw, sector, batch); /* Send read/write command. */ if (grub_ata_setaddress (dev, addressing, sector, batch)) return grub_errno; grub_ata_regset (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_CMD, (! rw ? cmd : cmd_write)); unsigned sect; for (sect = 0; sect < batch; sect++) { /* Wait for !BSY, DRQ. */ if (grub_ata_wait_drq (dev, rw, GRUB_ATA_TOUT_DATA)) return grub_errno; /* Transfer data. */ if (! rw) grub_ata_pio_read (dev, buf, GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); else grub_ata_pio_write (dev, buf, GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_SIZE); buf += GRUB_DISK_SECTOR_SIZE; } if (rw) { /* Check for write error. */ if (grub_ata_wait_not_busy (dev, GRUB_ATA_TOUT_DATA)) return grub_errno; if (grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATA_REG_STATUS) & (GRUB_ATA_STATUS_DRQ | GRUB_ATA_STATUS_ERR)) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_WRITE_ERROR, "ATA write error"); } sector += batch; nsectors += batch; } return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } static int grub_ata_iterate (int (*hook) (const char *name)) { struct grub_ata_device *dev; for (dev = grub_ata_devices; dev; dev = dev->next) { char devname[5]; grub_sprintf (devname, "ata%d", dev->port * 2 + dev->device); if (dev->atapi) continue; if (hook (devname)) return 1; } return 0; } static grub_err_t grub_ata_open (const char *name, grub_disk_t disk) { struct grub_ata_device *dev; for (dev = grub_ata_devices; dev; dev = dev->next) { char devname[5]; grub_sprintf (devname, "ata%d", dev->port * 2 + dev->device); if (grub_strcmp (name, devname) == 0) break; } if (! dev) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_UNKNOWN_DEVICE, "Can't open device"); if (dev->atapi) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_UNKNOWN_DEVICE, "not an ATA harddisk"); disk->total_sectors = dev->size; disk->id = (unsigned long) dev; disk->has_partitions = 1; disk->data = dev; return 0; } static void grub_ata_close (grub_disk_t disk __attribute__((unused))) { } static grub_err_t grub_ata_read (grub_disk_t disk, grub_disk_addr_t sector, grub_size_t size, char *buf) { return grub_ata_readwrite (disk, sector, size, buf, 0); } static grub_err_t grub_ata_write (grub_disk_t disk, grub_disk_addr_t sector, grub_size_t size, const char *buf) { return grub_ata_readwrite (disk, sector, size, (char *) buf, 1); } static struct grub_disk_dev grub_atadisk_dev = { .name = "ATA", .id = GRUB_DISK_DEVICE_ATA_ID, .iterate = grub_ata_iterate, .open = grub_ata_open, .close = grub_ata_close, .read = grub_ata_read, .write = grub_ata_write, .next = 0 }; /* ATAPI code. */ static int grub_atapi_iterate (int (*hook) (const char *name, int luns)) { struct grub_ata_device *dev; for (dev = grub_ata_devices; dev; dev = dev->next) { char devname[7]; grub_sprintf (devname, "ata%d", dev->port * 2 + dev->device); if (! dev->atapi) continue; if (hook (devname, 1)) return 1; } return 0; } static grub_err_t grub_atapi_read (struct grub_scsi *scsi, grub_size_t cmdsize __attribute__((unused)), char *cmd, grub_size_t size, char *buf) { struct grub_ata_device *dev = (struct grub_ata_device *) scsi->data; grub_dprintf("ata", "grub_atapi_read (size=%u)\n", size); if (grub_atapi_packet (dev, cmd, size)) return grub_errno; grub_size_t nread = 0; while (nread < size) { /* Wait for !BSY, DRQ, I/O, !C/D. */ if (grub_atapi_wait_drq (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_IREASON_DATA_IN, GRUB_ATA_TOUT_DATA)) return grub_errno; /* Get byte count for this DRQ assertion. */ unsigned cnt = grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_REG_CNTHIGH) << 8 | grub_ata_regget (dev, GRUB_ATAPI_REG_CNTLOW); grub_dprintf("ata", "DRQ count=%u\n", cnt); /* Count of last transfer may be uneven. */ if (! (0 < cnt && cnt <= size - nread && (! (cnt & 1) || cnt == size - nread))) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_READ_ERROR, "Invalid ATAPI transfer count"); /* Read the data. */ grub_ata_pio_read (dev, buf + nread, cnt); if (cnt & 1) buf[nread + cnt - 1] = (char) grub_le_to_cpu16 (grub_inw (dev->ioaddress + GRUB_ATA_REG_DATA)); nread += cnt; } return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } static grub_err_t grub_atapi_write (struct grub_scsi *scsi __attribute__((unused)), grub_size_t cmdsize __attribute__((unused)), char *cmd __attribute__((unused)), grub_size_t size __attribute__((unused)), char *buf __attribute__((unused))) { // XXX: scsi.mod does not use write yet. return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET, "ATAPI write not implemented"); } static grub_err_t grub_atapi_open (const char *name, struct grub_scsi *scsi) { struct grub_ata_device *dev; struct grub_ata_device *devfnd = 0; for (dev = grub_ata_devices; dev; dev = dev->next) { char devname[7]; grub_sprintf (devname, "ata%d", dev->port * 2 + dev->device); if (!grub_strcmp (devname, name)) { devfnd = dev; break; } } grub_dprintf ("ata", "opening ATAPI dev `%s'\n", name); if (! devfnd) return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_UNKNOWN_DEVICE, "No such ATAPI device"); scsi->data = devfnd; return GRUB_ERR_NONE; } static void grub_atapi_close (struct grub_scsi *scsi) { grub_free (scsi->name); } static struct grub_scsi_dev grub_atapi_dev = { .name = "ATAPI", .iterate = grub_atapi_iterate, .open = grub_atapi_open, .close = grub_atapi_close, .read = grub_atapi_read, .write = grub_atapi_write }; GRUB_MOD_INIT(ata) { /* To prevent two drivers operating on the same disks. */ grub_disk_firmware_is_tainted = 1; if (grub_disk_firmware_fini) { grub_disk_firmware_fini (); grub_disk_firmware_fini = NULL; } /* ATA initialization. */ grub_ata_initialize (); grub_disk_dev_register (&grub_atadisk_dev); /* ATAPI devices are handled by scsi.mod. */ grub_scsi_dev_register (&grub_atapi_dev); } GRUB_MOD_FINI(ata) { grub_scsi_dev_unregister (&grub_atapi_dev); grub_disk_dev_unregister (&grub_atadisk_dev); }