grub/loader/i386/xnu.c

/*
 *  GRUB  --  GRand Unified Bootloader
 *  Copyright (C) 2009  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 *
 *  GRUB is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  GRUB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with GRUB.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <grub/env.h>
#include <grub/file.h>
#include <grub/disk.h>
#include <grub/xnu.h>
#include <grub/cpu/xnu.h>
#include <grub/mm.h>
#include <grub/loader.h>
#include <grub/autoefi.h>
#include <grub/i386/tsc.h>
#include <grub/i386/pit.h>
#include <grub/misc.h>
#include <grub/term.h>

char grub_xnu_cmdline[1024];

/* Aliases set for some tables. */
struct tbl_alias
{
  grub_efi_guid_t guid;
  char *name;
};

struct tbl_alias table_aliases[] =
  {
    {GRUB_EFI_ACPI_20_TABLE_GUID, "ACPI_20"},
    {GRUB_EFI_ACPI_TABLE_GUID, "ACPI"},
  };

/* The following function is used to be able to debug xnu loader 
   with grub-emu. */
#ifdef GRUB_UTIL
static grub_err_t 
grub_xnu_launch (void)
{
  grub_printf ("Fake launch %x:%p:%p", grub_xnu_entry_point, grub_xnu_arg1,
	       grub_xnu_stack);
  grub_getkey ();
  return 0;
}
#else
static void (*grub_xnu_launch) (void) = 0;
#endif

static int
utf16_strlen (grub_uint16_t *in)
{
  int i;
  for (i = 0; in[i]; i++);
  return i;
}

/* Read frequency from a string in MHz and return it in Hz. */
static grub_uint64_t
readfrequency (const char *str)
{
  grub_uint64_t num = 0;
  int mul = 1000000;
  int found = 0;

  while (*str)
    {
      unsigned long digit;
      
      digit = grub_tolower (*str) - '0';
      if (digit > 9)
	break;

      found = 1;

      num = num * 10 + digit;
      str++;
    }
  num *= 1000000;
  if (*str == '.')
    {
      str++;
      while (*str)
	{
	  unsigned long digit;
	  
	  digit = grub_tolower (*str) - '0';
	  if (digit > 9)
	    break;

	  found = 1;

	  mul /= 10;
	  num = num + mul * digit;
	  str++;
	}
    }
  if (! found)
    return 0;

  return num;
}

/* Thanks to Kabyl for precious information about Intel architecture. */
static grub_uint64_t
guessfsb (void)
{
  const grub_uint64_t sane_value = 100000000;
  grub_uint32_t manufacturer[3], max_cpuid, capabilities, msrlow;
  grub_uint64_t start_tsc;
  grub_uint64_t end_tsc;
  grub_uint64_t tsc_ticks_per_ms;

  if (! grub_cpu_is_cpuid_supported ())
    return sane_value;
  asm volatile ("movl $0, %%eax\n"
		"cpuid"
		: "=a" (max_cpuid), "=b" (manufacturer[0]), 
		  "=d" (manufacturer[1]), "=c" (manufacturer[2]));

  /* Only Intel for now is done. */
  if (grub_memcmp (manufacturer, "GenuineIntel", 12) != 0)
    return sane_value;

  /* Check Speedstep. */
  if (max_cpuid < 1)
    return sane_value;

  asm volatile ("movl $1, %%eax\n"
		"cpuid"
		: "=c" (capabilities):
		: "%eax", "%ebx", "%edx");

  if (! (capabilities & (1 << 7)))
    return sane_value;

  /* Calibrate the TSC rate. */

  start_tsc = grub_get_tsc ();
  grub_pit_wait (0xffff);
  end_tsc = grub_get_tsc ();

  tsc_ticks_per_ms = grub_divmod64 (end_tsc - start_tsc, 55, 0);

  /* Read the multiplier. */
  asm volatile ("movl $0x198, %%ecx\n"
		"rdmsr"
		: "=d" (msrlow)
		:
		: "%ecx", "%eax");

  return grub_divmod64 (2000 * tsc_ticks_per_ms, 
			((msrlow >> 7) & 0x3e) + ((msrlow >> 14) & 1), 0);
}

/* Fill device tree. */
/* FIXME: some entries may be platform-agnostic. Move them to loader/xnu.c. */
grub_err_t
grub_cpu_xnu_fill_devicetree (void)
{
  struct grub_xnu_devtree_key *efikey;
  struct grub_xnu_devtree_key *cfgtablekey;
  struct grub_xnu_devtree_key *curval;
  struct grub_xnu_devtree_key *runtimesrvkey;
  struct grub_xnu_devtree_key *platformkey;
  unsigned i, j;
  grub_err_t err;

  err = grub_autoefi_prepare ();
  if (err)
    return err;

  /* The value "model". */
  /* FIXME: may this value be sometimes different? */
  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&grub_xnu_devtree_root, "model");
  if (! curval)
    return grub_errno;
  curval->datasize = sizeof ("ACPI");
  curval->data = grub_strdup ("ACPI");
  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&grub_xnu_devtree_root, "compatible");
  if (! curval)
    return grub_errno;
  curval->datasize = sizeof ("ACPI");
  curval->data = grub_strdup ("ACPI");

  /* The key "efi". */
  efikey = grub_xnu_create_key (&grub_xnu_devtree_root, "efi");
  if (! efikey)
    return grub_errno;

  /* Information about firmware. */
  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(efikey->first_child), "firmware-revision");
  if (! curval)
    return grub_errno;
  curval->datasize = (SYSTEM_TABLE_SIZEOF (firmware_revision));
  curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
  if (! curval->data)
    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "couldn't create device tree");
  grub_memcpy (curval->data, (SYSTEM_TABLE_VAR(firmware_revision)),
	       curval->datasize);

  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(efikey->first_child), "firmware-vendor");
  if (! curval)
    return grub_errno;
  curval->datasize = 
    2 * (utf16_strlen (SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (firmware_vendor)) + 1);
  curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
  if (! curval->data)
    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "couldn't create device tree");
  grub_memcpy (curval->data, SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (firmware_vendor),
	       curval->datasize);

  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(efikey->first_child), "firmware-abi");
  if (! curval)
    return grub_errno;
  curval->datasize = sizeof ("EFI32");
  curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
  if (! curval->data)
    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "couldn't create device tree");
  if (SIZEOF_OF_UINTN == 4)
    grub_memcpy (curval->data, "EFI32", curval->datasize);
  else
    grub_memcpy (curval->data, "EFI64", curval->datasize);

  /* The key "platform". */
  platformkey = grub_xnu_create_key (&(efikey->first_child), 
				     "platform");
  if (! platformkey)
    return grub_errno;

  /* Pass FSB frequency to the kernel. */
  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(platformkey->first_child), "FSBFrequency");
  if (! curval)
    return grub_errno;
  curval->datasize = sizeof (grub_uint64_t);
  curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
  if (!curval->data)
    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "couldn't create device tree");

  /* First see if user supplies the value. */
  char *fsbvar = grub_env_get ("fsb");
  if (! fsbvar)
    *((grub_uint64_t *) curval->data) = 0; 
  else
    *((grub_uint64_t *) curval->data) = readfrequency (fsbvar);
  /* Try autodetect. */
  if (! *((grub_uint64_t *) curval->data))
    *((grub_uint64_t *) curval->data) = guessfsb (); 
  grub_dprintf ("xnu", "fsb autodetected as %llu\n", 
		(unsigned long long) *((grub_uint64_t *) curval->data));

  cfgtablekey = grub_xnu_create_key (&(efikey->first_child), 
				     "configuration-table");
  if (!cfgtablekey)
    return grub_errno;

  /* Fill "configuration-table" key. */
  for (i = 0; i < SYSTEM_TABLE (num_table_entries); i++)
    {
      void *ptr;
      struct grub_xnu_devtree_key *curkey;
      grub_efi_guid_t guid;
      char guidbuf[64];

      /* Retrieve current key. */
#ifdef GRUB_MACHINE_EFI
      {
	ptr = (void *) 
	  grub_efi_system_table->configuration_table[i].vendor_table;
	guid = grub_efi_system_table->configuration_table[i].vendor_guid;
      }
#else 
      if (SIZEOF_OF_UINTN == 4)
	{
	  ptr = UINT_TO_PTR (((grub_efiemu_configuration_table32_t *)
			      SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (configuration_table))[i]
			     .vendor_table);
	  guid =
	    ((grub_efiemu_configuration_table32_t *)
	     SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (configuration_table))[i].vendor_guid;
	}
      else
	{
	  ptr = UINT_TO_PTR (((grub_efiemu_configuration_table64_t *)
			      SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (configuration_table))[i]
			     .vendor_table);
	  guid = 
	    ((grub_efiemu_configuration_table64_t *)
	     SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (configuration_table))[i].vendor_guid;
	}
#endif

      /* The name of key for new table. */
      grub_sprintf (guidbuf, "%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-",
		    guid.data1, guid.data2, guid.data3, guid.data4[0],
		    guid.data4[1]);
      for (j = 2; j < 8; j++)
	grub_sprintf (guidbuf + grub_strlen (guidbuf), "%02x", guid.data4[j]);
      /* For some reason GUID has to be in uppercase. */
      for (j = 0; guidbuf[j] ; j++)
	if (guidbuf[j] >= 'a' && guidbuf[j] <= 'f')
	  guidbuf[j] += 'A' - 'a';
      curkey = grub_xnu_create_key (&(cfgtablekey->first_child), guidbuf);
      if (! curkey)
	return grub_errno;

      curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(curkey->first_child), "guid");
      if (! curval)
	return grub_errno;
      curval->datasize = sizeof (guid);
      curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
      if (! curval->data)
	return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, 
			   "couldn't create device tree");
      grub_memcpy (curval->data, &guid, curval->datasize);

      /* The value "table". */
      curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(curkey->first_child), "table");
      if (! curval)
	return grub_errno;
      curval->datasize = SIZEOF_OF_UINTN;
      curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
      if (! curval->data)
	return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, 
			   "couldn't create device tree");
      if (SIZEOF_OF_UINTN == 4)
	*((grub_uint32_t *)curval->data) = PTR_TO_UINT32 (ptr);
      else
	*((grub_uint64_t *)curval->data) = PTR_TO_UINT64 (ptr);

      /* Create alias. */
      for (j = 0; j < sizeof (table_aliases) / sizeof (table_aliases[0]); j++)
	if (grub_memcmp (&table_aliases[j].guid, &guid, sizeof (guid)) == 0)
	  break;
      if (j != sizeof (table_aliases) / sizeof (table_aliases[0]))
	{
	  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(curkey->first_child), "alias");
	  if (!curval)
	    return grub_errno;
	  curval->datasize = grub_strlen (table_aliases[j].name) + 1;
	  curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
	  if (!curval->data)
	    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, 
			       "couldn't create device tree");
	  grub_memcpy (curval->data, table_aliases[j].name, curval->datasize);
	}
    }
  
  /* Create and fill "runtime-services" key. */
  runtimesrvkey = grub_xnu_create_key (&(efikey->first_child), 
				       "runtime-services");
  if (! runtimesrvkey)
    return grub_errno;
  curval = grub_xnu_create_value (&(runtimesrvkey->first_child), "table");
  if (! curval)
    return grub_errno;
  curval->datasize = SIZEOF_OF_UINTN;
  curval->data = grub_malloc (curval->datasize);
  if (! curval->data)
    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY, 
		       "couldn't create device tree");
  if (SIZEOF_OF_UINTN == 4)
    *((grub_uint32_t *) curval->data) 
      = PTR_TO_UINT32 (SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (runtime_services));
  else
    *((grub_uint64_t *) curval->data) 
      = PTR_TO_UINT64 (SYSTEM_TABLE_PTR (runtime_services));
  
  return GRUB_ERR_NONE;
}

/* Boot xnu. */
grub_err_t 
grub_xnu_boot (void)
{
  struct grub_xnu_boot_params *bootparams_relloc;
  grub_off_t bootparams_relloc_off;
  grub_off_t mmap_relloc_off;
  grub_err_t err;
  grub_efi_uintn_t memory_map_size = 0;
  grub_efi_memory_descriptor_t *memory_map;
  grub_efi_uintn_t map_key = 0;
  grub_efi_uintn_t descriptor_size = 0;
  grub_efi_uint32_t descriptor_version = 0;
  grub_uint64_t firstruntimeaddr, lastruntimeaddr;
  void *devtree;
  grub_size_t devtreelen;
  int i;

  /* Page-align to avoid following parts to be inadvertently freed. */
  err = grub_xnu_align_heap (GRUB_XNU_PAGESIZE);
  if (err)
    return err;

  /* Pass memory map to kernel. */
  memory_map_size = 0;
  memory_map = 0;
  map_key = 0;
  descriptor_size = 0;
  descriptor_version = 0;

  if (grub_autoefi_get_memory_map (&memory_map_size, memory_map,
				   &map_key, &descriptor_size,
				   &descriptor_version) < 0)
    return grub_errno;

  memory_map = grub_xnu_heap_malloc (memory_map_size);
  if (! memory_map)
    return grub_errno;

  if (grub_autoefi_get_memory_map (&memory_map_size, memory_map,
				   &map_key, &descriptor_size,
				   &descriptor_version) <= 0)
    return grub_errno;
  mmap_relloc_off = (grub_uint8_t *) memory_map 
    - (grub_uint8_t *) grub_xnu_heap_start;

  firstruntimeaddr = (grub_uint64_t) (-1); 
  lastruntimeaddr = 0;
  for (i = 0; (unsigned) i < memory_map_size / descriptor_size; i++)
    {
      grub_efi_memory_descriptor_t *curdesc = (grub_efi_memory_descriptor_t *) 
	((char *) memory_map + descriptor_size * i);

      /* Some EFI implementations set physical_start to 0 which 
	 causes XNU crash. */
      curdesc->virtual_start = curdesc->physical_start;

      if (curdesc->type == GRUB_EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES_DATA
	  || curdesc->type == GRUB_EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES_CODE)
	{
	  if (firstruntimeaddr > curdesc->physical_start)
	    firstruntimeaddr = curdesc->physical_start;
	  if (lastruntimeaddr < curdesc->physical_start
	      + curdesc->num_pages * 4096)
	    lastruntimeaddr = curdesc->physical_start
	      + curdesc->num_pages * 4096;
	}
    }

  /* Relocate the boot parameters to heap. */
  bootparams_relloc = grub_xnu_heap_malloc (sizeof (*bootparams_relloc));
  if (! bootparams_relloc)
    return grub_errno;
  bootparams_relloc_off = (grub_uint8_t *) bootparams_relloc 
    - (grub_uint8_t *) grub_xnu_heap_start;
  err = grub_xnu_writetree_toheap (&devtree, &devtreelen);
  if (err)
    return err;
  bootparams_relloc = (struct grub_xnu_boot_params *)
    (bootparams_relloc_off + (grub_uint8_t *) grub_xnu_heap_start);

  grub_memcpy (bootparams_relloc->cmdline, grub_xnu_cmdline, 
	       sizeof (bootparams_relloc->cmdline));

  bootparams_relloc->devtree = ((char *) devtree - grub_xnu_heap_start) 
    + grub_xnu_heap_will_be_at;
  bootparams_relloc->devtreelen = devtreelen;

  bootparams_relloc->heap_start = grub_xnu_heap_will_be_at;
  bootparams_relloc->heap_size = grub_xnu_heap_size;

  bootparams_relloc->efi_mmap = grub_xnu_heap_will_be_at + mmap_relloc_off;
  bootparams_relloc->efi_mmap_size = memory_map_size;          
  bootparams_relloc->efi_mem_desc_size = descriptor_size;      
  bootparams_relloc->efi_mem_desc_version = descriptor_version;   

  bootparams_relloc->efi_runtime_first_page = firstruntimeaddr 
    / GRUB_XNU_PAGESIZE;
  bootparams_relloc->efi_runtime_npages 
    = ((lastruntimeaddr + GRUB_XNU_PAGESIZE - 1) / GRUB_XNU_PAGESIZE) 
    - (firstruntimeaddr / GRUB_XNU_PAGESIZE);
  bootparams_relloc->efi_uintnbits = SIZEOF_OF_UINTN * 8;
  bootparams_relloc->efi_system_table 
    = PTR_TO_UINT32 (grub_autoefi_system_table);

  bootparams_relloc->verminor = GRUB_XNU_BOOTARGS_VERMINOR;  
  bootparams_relloc->vermajor = GRUB_XNU_BOOTARGS_VERMAJOR;

  /* Parameters for asm helper. */
  grub_xnu_stack = bootparams_relloc->heap_start 
    + bootparams_relloc->heap_size + GRUB_XNU_PAGESIZE;
  grub_xnu_arg1 = bootparams_relloc_off + grub_xnu_heap_will_be_at;
#ifndef GRUB_UTIL
  grub_xnu_launch = (void (*) (void)) 
    (grub_xnu_heap_start + grub_xnu_heap_size);
#endif
  grub_dprintf ("xnu", "eip=%x\n", grub_xnu_entry_point);
  grub_dprintf ("xnu", "launch=%p\n", grub_xnu_launch);

  const char *debug = grub_env_get ("debug");
    
  if (debug && (grub_strword (debug, "all") || grub_strword (debug, "xnu")))
    {
      grub_printf ("Press any key to launch xnu\n");
      grub_getkey ();
    }
  
  /* Set video. */
  err = grub_xnu_set_video (bootparams_relloc);
  if (err != GRUB_ERR_NONE)
    {
      grub_print_error ();
      grub_errno = GRUB_ERR_NONE;
      grub_printf ("Booting in blind mode\n");

      bootparams_relloc->lfb_mode = 0;
      bootparams_relloc->lfb_width = 0;
      bootparams_relloc->lfb_height = 0;
      bootparams_relloc->lfb_depth = 0;
      bootparams_relloc->lfb_line_len = 0;
      bootparams_relloc->lfb_base = 0;
    }

  grub_memcpy (grub_xnu_heap_start + grub_xnu_heap_size, 
	       grub_xnu_launcher_start, 
	       grub_xnu_launcher_end - grub_xnu_launcher_start);


  if (! grub_autoefi_finish_boot_services ())
    return grub_error (GRUB_ERR_IO, "can't exit boot services");

  grub_xnu_launch ();

  /* Never reaches here. */
  return 0;
}