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grub/kern/i386/pc/startup.S

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/*
* GRUB -- GRand Unified Bootloader
* Copyright (C) 1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2005,2006,2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* GRUB is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* GRUB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with GRUB. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/*
* Note: These functions defined in this file may be called from C.
* Be careful of that you must not modify some registers. Quote
* from gcc-2.95.2/gcc/config/i386/i386.h:
1 for registers not available across function calls.
These must include the FIXED_REGISTERS and also any
registers that can be used without being saved.
The latter must include the registers where values are returned
and the register where structure-value addresses are passed.
Aside from that, you can include as many other registers as you like.
ax,dx,cx,bx,si,di,bp,sp,st,st1,st2,st3,st4,st5,st6,st7,arg
{ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 }
*/
/*
* Note: GRUB is compiled with the options -mrtd and -mregparm=3.
* So the first three arguments are passed in %eax, %edx, and %ecx,
* respectively, and if a function has a fixed number of arguments
* and the number if greater than three, the function must return
* with "ret $N" where N is ((the number of arguments) - 3) * 4.
*/
#include <config.h>
#include <grub/symbol.h>
#include <grub/boot.h>
#include <grub/machine/boot.h>
#include <grub/machine/memory.h>
#include <grub/machine/console.h>
#include <grub/cpu/linux.h>
#include <grub/machine/kernel.h>
#include <multiboot.h>
#include <multiboot2.h>
#define ABS(x) ((x) - EXT_C(start) + GRUB_BOOT_MACHINE_KERNEL_ADDR + 0x200)
.file "startup.S"
.text
/* Tell GAS to generate 16-bit instructions so that this code works
in real mode. */
.code16
.globl start, _start
start:
_start:
/*
* Guarantee that "main" is loaded at 0x0:0x8200.
*/
ljmp $0, $ABS(codestart)
/*
* Compatibility version number
*
* These MUST be at byte offset 6 and 7 of the executable
* DO NOT MOVE !!!
*/
. = EXT_C(start) + 0x6
.byte GRUB_BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR, GRUB_BOOT_VERSION_MINOR
/*
* This is a special data area 8 bytes from the beginning.
*/
. = EXT_C(start) + 0x8
VARIABLE(grub_total_module_size)
.long 0
VARIABLE(grub_kernel_image_size)
.long 0
VARIABLE(grub_compressed_size)
.long 0
VARIABLE(grub_install_dos_part)
.long 0xFFFFFFFF
VARIABLE(grub_install_bsd_part)
.long 0xFFFFFFFF
VARIABLE(grub_prefix)
/* to be filled by grub-mkimage */
/*
* Leave some breathing room for the prefix.
*/
. = EXT_C(start) + 0x50
/*
* Support for booting GRUB from a Multiboot boot loader (e.g. GRUB itself).
* This uses the a.out kludge to load raw binary to the area starting at 1MB,
* and relocates itself after loaded.
*/
multiboot_header:
/* magic */
.long 0x1BADB002
/* flags */
.long (1 << 16)
/* checksum */
.long -0x1BADB002 - (1 << 16)
/* header addr */
.long multiboot_header - _start + 0x100000 + 0x200
/* load addr */
.long 0x100000
/* load end addr */
.long 0
/* bss end addr */
.long 0
/* entry addr */
.long multiboot_entry - _start + 0x100000 + 0x200
multiboot_entry:
.code32
/* obtain the boot device */
movl 12(%ebx), %edx
/* relocate the code */
movl $(GRUB_KERNEL_MACHINE_RAW_SIZE + 0x200), %ecx
addl EXT_C(grub_compressed_size) - _start + 0x100000 + 0x200, %ecx
movl $0x100000, %esi
movl $GRUB_BOOT_MACHINE_KERNEL_ADDR, %edi
cld
rep
movsb
/* jump to the real address */
movl $multiboot_trampoline, %eax
jmp *%eax
multiboot_trampoline:
/* fill the boot information */
movl %edx, %eax
shrl $8, %eax
xorl %ebx, %ebx
cmpb $0xFF, %ah
je 1f
movb %ah, %bl
movl %ebx, EXT_C(grub_install_dos_part)
1:
cmpb $0xFF, %al
je 2f
movb %al, %bl
movl %ebx, EXT_C(grub_install_bsd_part)
2:
shrl $24, %edx
/* enter the usual booting */
call prot_to_real
.code16
/* the real mode code continues... */
codestart:
cli /* we're not safe here! */
/* set up %ds, %ss, and %es */
xorw %ax, %ax
movw %ax, %ds
movw %ax, %ss
movw %ax, %es
/* set up the real mode/BIOS stack */
movl $GRUB_MEMORY_MACHINE_REAL_STACK, %ebp
movl %ebp, %esp
sti /* we're safe again */
/* save boot drive reference */
ADDR32 movb %dl, EXT_C(grub_boot_drive)
/* reset disk system (%ah = 0) */
int $0x13
/* transition to protected mode */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
/* The ".code32" directive takes GAS out of 16-bit mode. */
.code32
incl %eax
call EXT_C(grub_gate_a20)
/* decompress the compressed part and put the result at 1MB */
movl $0x100000, %esi
movl $(START_SYMBOL + GRUB_KERNEL_MACHINE_RAW_SIZE), %edi
pushl %esi
pushl EXT_C(grub_compressed_size)
pushl %edi
call lzo1x_decompress
addl $12, %esp
/* copy back the decompressed part */
movl %eax, %ecx
cld
rep
movsb
/* copy modules before cleaning out the bss */
movl EXT_C(grub_total_module_size), %ecx
movl EXT_C(grub_kernel_image_size), %esi
addl %ecx, %esi
addl $START_SYMBOL, %esi
decl %esi
movl $END_SYMBOL, %edi
addl %ecx, %edi
decl %edi
std
rep
movsb
/* clean out the bss */
movl $BSS_START_SYMBOL, %edi
/* compute the bss length */
movl $END_SYMBOL, %ecx
subl %edi, %ecx
/* clean out */
xorl %eax, %eax
cld
rep
stosb
/*
* Call the start of main body of C code.
*/
call EXT_C(grub_main)
#include "../realmode.S"
/*
* This is the area for all of the special variables.
*/
.p2align 2 /* force 4-byte alignment */
VARIABLE(grub_boot_drive)
.long 0
VARIABLE(grub_start_addr)
.long START_SYMBOL
VARIABLE(grub_end_addr)
.long END_SYMBOL
VARIABLE(grub_apm_bios_info)
.word 0 /* version */
.word 0 /* cseg */
.long 0 /* offset */
.word 0 /* cseg_16 */
.word 0 /* dseg_16 */
.word 0 /* cseg_len */
.word 0 /* cseg_16_len */
.word 0 /* dseg_16_len */
.p2align 2 /* force 4-byte alignment */
/*
* These next two routines, "real_to_prot" and "prot_to_real" are structured
* in a very specific way. Be very careful when changing them.
*
* NOTE: Use of either one messes up %eax and %ebp.
*/
real_to_prot:
.code16
cli
/* load the GDT register */
DATA32 ADDR32 lgdt gdtdesc
/* turn on protected mode */
movl %cr0, %eax
orl $GRUB_MEMORY_MACHINE_CR0_PE_ON, %eax
movl %eax, %cr0
/* jump to relocation, flush prefetch queue, and reload %cs */
DATA32 ljmp $GRUB_MEMORY_MACHINE_PROT_MODE_CSEG, $protcseg
.code32
protcseg:
/* reload other segment registers */
movw $GRUB_MEMORY_MACHINE_PROT_MODE_DSEG, %ax
movw %ax, %ds
movw %ax, %es
movw %ax, %fs
movw %ax, %gs
movw %ax, %ss
/* put the return address in a known safe location */
movl (%esp), %eax
movl %eax, GRUB_MEMORY_MACHINE_REAL_STACK
/* get protected mode stack */
movl protstack, %eax
movl %eax, %esp
movl %eax, %ebp
/* get return address onto the right stack */
movl GRUB_MEMORY_MACHINE_REAL_STACK, %eax
movl %eax, (%esp)
/* zero %eax */
xorl %eax, %eax
/* return on the old (or initialized) stack! */
ret
/*
* grub_gate_a20(int on)
*
* Gate address-line 20 for high memory.
*
* This routine is probably overconservative in what it does, but so what?
*
* It also eats any keystrokes in the keyboard buffer. :-(
*/
FUNCTION(grub_gate_a20)
movl %eax, %edx
gate_a20_test_current_state:
/* first of all, test if already in a good state */
call gate_a20_check_state
cmpb %al, %dl
jnz gate_a20_try_bios
ret
gate_a20_try_bios:
/* second, try a BIOS call */
pushl %ebp
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x2400, %ax
testb %dl, %dl
jz 1f
incw %ax
1: int $0x15
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %ebp
call gate_a20_check_state
cmpb %al, %dl
jnz gate_a20_try_keyboard_controller
ret
gate_a20_flush_keyboard_buffer:
inb $0x64
andb $0x02, %al
jnz gate_a20_flush_keyboard_buffer
2:
inb $0x64
andb $0x01, %al
jz 3f
inb $0x60
jmp 2b
3:
ret
gate_a20_try_keyboard_controller:
/* third, try the keyboard controller */
call gate_a20_flush_keyboard_buffer
movb $0xd1, %al
outb $0x64
4:
inb $0x64
andb $0x02, %al
jnz 4b
movb $0xdd, %al
testb %dl, %dl
jz 5f
orb $0x02, %al
5: outb $0x60
call gate_a20_flush_keyboard_buffer
/* output a dummy command (USB keyboard hack) */
movb $0xff, %al
outb $0x64
call gate_a20_flush_keyboard_buffer
call gate_a20_check_state
cmpb %al, %dl
jnz gate_a20_try_system_control_port_a
ret
gate_a20_try_system_control_port_a:
/* fourth, try the system control port A */
inb $0x92
andb $(~0x03), %al
testb %dl, %dl
jz 6f
orb $0x02, %al
6: outb $0x92
/* When turning off Gate A20, do not check the state strictly,
because a failure is not fatal usually, and Gate A20 is always
on some modern machines. */
testb %dl, %dl
jz 7f
call gate_a20_check_state
cmpb %al, %dl
/* everything failed, so restart from the beginning */
jnz gate_a20_try_bios
7: ret
gate_a20_check_state:
/* iterate the checking for a while */
movl $100, %ecx
1:
call 3f
cmpb %al, %dl
jz 2f
loop 1b
2:
ret
3:
pushl %ebx
pushl %ecx
xorl %eax, %eax
/* compare the byte at 0x8000 with that at 0x108000 */
movl $GRUB_BOOT_MACHINE_KERNEL_ADDR, %ebx
pushl %ebx
/* save the original byte in CL */
movb (%ebx), %cl
/* store the value at 0x108000 in AL */
addl $0x100000, %ebx
movb (%ebx), %al
/* try to set one less value at 0x8000 */
popl %ebx
movb %al, %ch
decb %ch
movb %ch, (%ebx)
/* serialize */
outb %al, $0x80
outb %al, $0x80
/* obtain the value at 0x108000 in CH */
pushl %ebx
addl $0x100000, %ebx
movb (%ebx), %ch
/* this result is 1 if A20 is on or 0 if it is off */
subb %ch, %al
xorb $1, %al
/* restore the original */
popl %ebx
movb %cl, (%ebx)
popl %ecx
popl %ebx
ret
#include "lzo1x.S"
/*
* This call is special... it never returns... in fact it should simply
* hang at this point!
*/
FUNCTION(grub_stop)
call prot_to_real
/*
* This next part is sort of evil. It takes advantage of the
* byte ordering on the x86 to work in either 16-bit or 32-bit
* mode, so think about it before changing it.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_hard_stop)
hlt
jmp EXT_C(grub_hard_stop)
/*
* grub_stop_floppy()
*
* Stop the floppy drive from spinning, so that other software is
* jumped to with a known state.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_stop_floppy)
movw $0x3F2, %dx
xorb %al, %al
outb %al, %dx
ret
/*
* grub_exit()
*
* Exit the system.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_exit)
call prot_to_real
.code16
/* Tell the BIOS a boot failure. If this does not work, reboot. */
int $0x18
jmp cold_reboot
.code32
/*
* grub_reboot()
*
* Reboot the system. At the moment, rely on BIOS.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_reboot)
call prot_to_real
.code16
cold_reboot:
/* cold boot */
movw $0x0472, %di
movw %ax, (%di)
ljmp $0xFFFF, $0x0000
.code32
/*
* grub_halt(int no_apm)
*
* Halt the system, using APM if possible. If NO_APM is true, don't use
* APM even if it is available.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_halt)
/* see if zero */
testl %eax, %eax
jnz EXT_C(grub_stop)
call prot_to_real
.code16
/* detect APM */
movw $0x5300, %ax
xorw %bx, %bx
int $0x15
jc EXT_C(grub_hard_stop)
/* don't check %bx for buggy BIOSes... */
/* disconnect APM first */
movw $0x5304, %ax
xorw %bx, %bx
int $0x15
/* connect APM */
movw $0x5301, %ax
xorw %bx, %bx
int $0x15
jc EXT_C(grub_hard_stop)
/* set APM protocol level - 1.1 or bust. (this covers APM 1.2 also) */
movw $0x530E, %ax
xorw %bx, %bx
movw $0x0101, %cx
int $0x15
jc EXT_C(grub_hard_stop)
/* set the power state to off */
movw $0x5307, %ax
movw $1, %bx
movw $3, %cx
int $0x15
/* shouldn't reach here */
jmp EXT_C(grub_hard_stop)
.code32
/*
* void grub_chainloader_real_boot (int drive, void *part_addr)
*
* This starts another boot loader.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_chainloader_real_boot)
pushl %edx
pushl %eax
call EXT_C(grub_dl_unload_all)
/* set up to pass boot drive */
popl %edx
/* ESI must point to a partition table entry */
popl %esi
/* Turn off Gate A20 */
xorl %eax, %eax
call EXT_C(grub_gate_a20)
call prot_to_real
.code16
ljmp $0, $GRUB_MEMORY_MACHINE_BOOT_LOADER_ADDR
.code32
#include "../loader.S"
/*
* int grub_biosdisk_rw_int13_extensions (int ah, int drive, void *dap)
*
* Call IBM/MS INT13 Extensions (int 13 %ah=AH) for DRIVE. DAP
* is passed for disk address packet. If an error occurs, return
* non-zero, otherwise zero.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_biosdisk_rw_int13_extensions)
pushl %ebp
pushl %esi
/* compute the address of disk_address_packet */
movw %cx, %si
xorw %cx, %cx
shrl $4, %ecx /* save the segment to cx */
/* ah */
movb %al, %dh
/* enter real mode */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movb %dh, %ah
movw %cx, %ds
int $0x13 /* do the operation */
movb %ah, %dl /* save return value */
/* clear the data segment */
xorw %ax, %ax
movw %ax, %ds
/* back to protected mode */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movb %dl, %al /* return value in %eax */
popl %esi
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* int grub_biosdisk_rw_standard (int ah, int drive, int coff, int hoff,
* int soff, int nsec, int segment)
*
* Call standard and old INT13 (int 13 %ah=AH) for DRIVE. Read/write
* NSEC sectors from COFF/HOFF/SOFF into SEGMENT. If an error occurs,
* return non-zero, otherwise zero.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_biosdisk_rw_standard)
pushl %ebp
movl %esp, %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
pushl %esi
/* set up CHS information */
/* set %ch to low eight bits of cylinder */
xchgb %cl, %ch
/* set bits 6-7 of %cl to high two bits of cylinder */
shlb $6, %cl
/* set bits 0-5 of %cl to sector */
addb 0xc(%ebp), %cl
/* set %dh to head */
movb 0x8(%ebp), %dh
/* set %ah to AH */
movb %al, %ah
/* set %al to NSEC */
movb 0x10(%ebp), %al
/* save %ax in %di */
movw %ax, %di
/* save SEGMENT in %bx */
movw 0x14(%ebp), %bx
/* enter real mode */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw %bx, %es
xorw %bx, %bx
movw $3, %si /* attempt at least three times */
1:
movw %di, %ax
int $0x13 /* do the operation */
jnc 2f /* check if successful */
movb %ah, %bl /* save return value */
/* if fail, reset the disk system */
xorw %ax, %ax
int $0x13
decw %si
cmpw $0, %si
je 2f
xorb %bl, %bl
jmp 1b /* retry */
2:
/* back to protected mode */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movb %bl, %al /* return value in %eax */
popl %esi
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret $(4 * 4)
/*
* int grub_biosdisk_check_int13_extensions (int drive)
*
* Check if LBA is supported for DRIVE. If it is supported, then return
* the major version of extensions, otherwise zero.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_biosdisk_check_int13_extensions)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
/* drive */
movb %al, %dl
/* enter real mode */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movb $0x41, %ah
movw $0x55aa, %bx
int $0x13 /* do the operation */
/* check the result */
jc 1f
cmpw $0xaa55, %bx
jne 1f
movb %ah, %bl /* save the major version into %bl */
/* check if AH=0x42 is supported */
andw $1, %cx
jnz 2f
1:
xorb %bl, %bl
2:
/* back to protected mode */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movb %bl, %al /* return value in %eax */
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* int grub_biosdisk_get_diskinfo_int13_extensions (int drive, void *drp)
*
* Return the geometry of DRIVE in a drive parameters, DRP. If an error
* occurs, then return non-zero, otherwise zero.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_biosdisk_get_diskinfo_int13_extensions)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %esi
/* compute the address of drive parameters */
movw %dx, %si
xorw %dx, %dx
shrl $4, %edx
movw %dx, %bx /* save the segment into %bx */
/* drive */
movb %al, %dl
/* enter real mode */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movb $0x48, %ah
movw %bx, %ds
int $0x13 /* do the operation */
movb %ah, %bl /* save return value in %bl */
/* clear the data segment */
xorw %ax, %ax
movw %ax, %ds
/* back to protected mode */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movb %bl, %al /* return value in %eax */
popl %esi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* int grub_biosdisk_get_diskinfo_standard (int drive,
* unsigned long *cylinders,
* unsigned long *heads,
* unsigned long *sectors)
*
* Return the geometry of DRIVE in CYLINDERS, HEADS and SECTORS. If an
* error occurs, then return non-zero, otherwise zero.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_biosdisk_get_diskinfo_standard)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
/* push CYLINDERS */
pushl %edx
/* push HEADS */
pushl %ecx
/* SECTORS is on the stack */
/* drive */
movb %al, %dl
/* enter real mode */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movb $0x8, %ah
int $0x13 /* do the operation */
/* check if successful */
testb %ah, %ah
jnz 1f
/* bogus BIOSes may not return an error number */
testb $0x3f, %cl /* 0 sectors means no disk */
jnz 1f /* if non-zero, then succeed */
/* XXX 0x60 is one of the unused error numbers */
movb $0x60, %ah
1:
movb %ah, %bl /* save return value in %bl */
/* back to protected mode */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
/* pop HEADS */
popl %edi
movb %dh, %al
incl %eax /* the number of heads is counted from zero */
movl %eax, (%edi)
/* pop CYLINDERS */
popl %edi
movb %ch, %al
movb %cl, %ah
shrb $6, %ah /* the number of cylinders is counted from zero */
incl %eax
movl %eax, (%edi)
/* SECTORS */
movl 0x10(%esp), %edi
andb $0x3f, %cl
movzbl %cl, %eax
movl %eax, (%edi)
xorl %eax, %eax
movb %bl, %al /* return value in %eax */
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret $4
/*
* int grub_biosdisk_get_num_floppies (void)
*/
FUNCTION(grub_biosdisk_get_num_floppies)
pushl %ebp
xorl %edx, %edx
call prot_to_real
.code16
/* reset the disk system first */
int $0x13
1:
stc
/* call GET DISK TYPE */
movb $0x15, %ah
int $0x13
jc 2f
/* check if this drive exists */
testb $0x3, %ah
jz 2f
incb %dl
cmpb $2, %dl
jne 1b
2:
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movl %edx, %eax
popl %ebp
ret
/*
*
* grub_get_memsize(i) : return the memory size in KB. i == 0 for conventional
* memory, i == 1 for extended memory
* BIOS call "INT 12H" to get conventional memory size
* BIOS call "INT 15H, AH=88H" to get extended memory size
* Both have the return value in AX.
*
*/
FUNCTION(grub_get_memsize)
pushl %ebp
movl %eax, %edx
call prot_to_real /* enter real mode */
.code16
testl %edx, %edx
jnz xext
int $0x12
jmp xdone
xext:
movb $0x88, %ah
int $0x15
xdone:
movw %ax, %dx
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %dx, %ax
popl %ebp
ret
/*
*
* grub_get_eisa_mmap() : return packed EISA memory map, lower 16 bits is
* memory between 1M and 16M in 1K parts, upper 16 bits is
* memory above 16M in 64K parts. If error, return zero.
* BIOS call "INT 15H, AH=E801H" to get EISA memory map,
* AX = memory between 1M and 16M in 1K parts.
* BX = memory above 16M in 64K parts.
*
*/
FUNCTION(grub_get_eisa_mmap)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
call prot_to_real /* enter real mode */
.code16
movw $0xe801, %ax
int $0x15
shll $16, %ebx
movw %ax, %bx
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
cmpb $0x86, %bh
je xnoteisa
movl %ebx, %eax
xnoteisa:
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
*
* grub_get_mmap_entry(addr, cont) : address and old continuation value (zero to
* start), for the Query System Address Map BIOS call.
*
* Sets the first 4-byte int value of "addr" to the size returned by
* the call. If the call fails, sets it to zero.
*
* Returns: new (non-zero) continuation value, 0 if done.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_get_mmap_entry)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
pushl %esi
/* push ADDR */
pushl %eax
/* place address (+4) in ES:DI */
addl $4, %eax
movl %eax, %edi
andl $0xf, %edi
shrl $4, %eax
movl %eax, %esi
/* set continuation value */
movl %edx, %ebx
/* set default maximum buffer size */
movl $0x14, %ecx
/* set EDX to 'SMAP' */
movl $0x534d4150, %edx
call prot_to_real /* enter real mode */
.code16
movw %si, %es
movl $0xe820, %eax
int $0x15
DATA32 jc xnosmap
cmpl $0x534d4150, %eax
jne xnosmap
cmpl $0x14, %ecx
jl xnosmap
cmpl $0x400, %ecx
jg xnosmap
jmp xsmap
xnosmap:
xorl %ecx, %ecx
xsmap:
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
/* write length of buffer (zero if error) into ADDR */
popl %eax
movl %ecx, (%eax)
/* set return value to continuation */
movl %ebx, %eax
popl %esi
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* void grub_console_real_putchar (int c)
*
* Put the character C on the console. Because GRUB wants to write a
* character with an attribute, this implementation is a bit tricky.
* If C is a control character (CR, LF, BEL, BS), use INT 10, AH = 0Eh
* (TELETYPE OUTPUT). Otherwise, save the original position, put a space,
* save the current position, restore the original position, write the
* character and the attribute, and restore the current position.
*
* The reason why this is so complicated is that there is no easy way to
* get the height of the screen, and the TELETYPE OUTPUT BIOS call doesn't
* support setting a background attribute.
*/
FUNCTION(grub_console_real_putchar)
movl %eax, %edx
pusha
movb EXT_C(grub_console_cur_color), %bl
call prot_to_real
.code16
movb %dl, %al
xorb %bh, %bh
/* use teletype output if control character */
cmpb $0x7, %al
je 1f
cmpb $0x8, %al
je 1f
cmpb $0xa, %al
je 1f
cmpb $0xd, %al
je 1f
/* save the character and the attribute on the stack */
pushw %ax
pushw %bx
/* get the current position */
movb $0x3, %ah
int $0x10
/* check the column with the width */
cmpb $79, %dl
jl 2f
/* print CR and LF, if next write will exceed the width */
movw $0x0e0d, %ax
int $0x10
movb $0x0a, %al
int $0x10
/* get the current position */
movb $0x3, %ah
int $0x10
2:
/* restore the character and the attribute */
popw %bx
popw %ax
/* write the character with the attribute */
movb $0x9, %ah
movw $1, %cx
int $0x10
/* move the cursor forward */
incb %dl
movb $0x2, %ah
int $0x10
jmp 3f
1: movw $1, %bx
movb $0xe, %ah
int $0x10
3: DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popa
ret
/*
* int grub_console_getkey (void)
* BIOS call "INT 16H Function 00H" to read character from keyboard
* Call with %ah = 0x0
* Return: %ah = keyboard scan code
* %al = ASCII character
*/
/* this table is used in translate_keycode below */
translation_table:
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_LEFT, 2
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_RIGHT, 6
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_UP, 16
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_DOWN, 14
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_HOME, 1
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_END, 5
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_DC, 4
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_BACKSPACE, 8
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_PPAGE, 7
.word GRUB_CONSOLE_KEY_NPAGE, 3
.word 0
/*
* translate_keycode translates the key code %dx to an ascii code.
*/
.code16
translate_keycode:
pushw %bx
pushw %si
movw $ABS(translation_table), %si
1: lodsw
/* check if this is the end */
testw %ax, %ax
jz 2f
/* load the ascii code into %ax */
movw %ax, %bx
lodsw
/* check if this matches the key code */
cmpw %bx, %dx
jne 1b
/* translate %dx, if successful */
movw %ax, %dx
2: popw %si
popw %bx
ret
.code32
FUNCTION(grub_console_getkey)
pushl %ebp
call prot_to_real
.code16
int $0x16
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot uses %eax */
call translate_keycode
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %dx, %ax
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* int grub_console_checkkey (void)
* if there is a character pending, return it; otherwise return -1
* BIOS call "INT 16H Function 01H" to check whether a character is pending
* Call with %ah = 0x1
* Return:
* If key waiting to be input:
* %ah = keyboard scan code
* %al = ASCII character
* Zero flag = clear
* else
* Zero flag = set
*/
FUNCTION(grub_console_checkkey)
pushl %ebp
xorl %edx, %edx
call prot_to_real /* enter real mode */
.code16
movb $0x1, %ah
int $0x16
jz notpending
movw %ax, %dx
DATA32 jmp pending
notpending:
decl %edx
pending:
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movl %edx, %eax
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_uint16_t grub_console_getxy (void)
* BIOS call "INT 10H Function 03h" to get cursor position
* Call with %ah = 0x03
* %bh = page
* Returns %ch = starting scan line
* %cl = ending scan line
* %dh = row (0 is top)
* %dl = column (0 is left)
*/
FUNCTION(grub_console_getxy)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx /* save EBX */
call prot_to_real
.code16
xorb %bh, %bh /* set page to 0 */
movb $0x3, %ah
int $0x10 /* get cursor position */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movb %dl, %ah
movb %dh, %al
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* void grub_console_gotoxy(grub_uint8_t x, grub_uint8_t y)
* BIOS call "INT 10H Function 02h" to set cursor position
* Call with %ah = 0x02
* %bh = page
* %dh = row (0 is top)
* %dl = column (0 is left)
*/
FUNCTION(grub_console_gotoxy)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx /* save EBX */
movb %dl, %dh /* %dh = y */
movb %al, %dl /* %dl = x */
call prot_to_real
.code16
xorb %bh, %bh /* set page to 0 */
movb $0x2, %ah
int $0x10 /* set cursor position */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* void grub_console_cls (void)
* BIOS call "INT 10H Function 09h" to write character and attribute
* Call with %ah = 0x09
* %al = (character)
* %bh = (page number)
* %bl = (attribute)
* %cx = (number of times)
*/
FUNCTION(grub_console_cls)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx /* save EBX */
call prot_to_real
.code16
/* move the cursor to the beginning */
movb $0x02, %ah
xorb %bh, %bh
xorw %dx, %dx
int $0x10
/* write spaces to the entire screen */
movw $0x0920, %ax
movw $0x07, %bx
movw $(80 * 25), %cx
int $0x10
/* move back the cursor */
movb $0x02, %ah
int $0x10
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* void grub_console_setcursor (int on)
* BIOS call "INT 10H Function 01h" to set cursor type
* Call with %ah = 0x01
* %ch = cursor starting scanline
* %cl = cursor ending scanline
*/
console_cursor_state:
.byte 1
console_cursor_shape:
.word 0
FUNCTION(grub_console_setcursor)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
/* push ON */
pushl %eax
/* check if the standard cursor shape has already been saved */
movw console_cursor_shape, %ax
testw %ax, %ax
jne 1f
call prot_to_real
.code16
movb $0x03, %ah
xorb %bh, %bh
int $0x10
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %cx, console_cursor_shape
1:
/* set %cx to the designated cursor shape */
movw $0x2000, %cx
popl %eax
testl %eax, %eax
jz 2f
movw console_cursor_shape, %cx
2:
call prot_to_real
.code16
movb $0x1, %ah
int $0x10
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_getrtsecs()
* if a seconds value can be read, read it and return it (BCD),
* otherwise return 0xFF
* BIOS call "INT 1AH Function 02H" to check whether a character is pending
* Call with %ah = 0x2
* Return:
* If RT Clock can give correct values
* %ch = hour (BCD)
* %cl = minutes (BCD)
* %dh = seconds (BCD)
* %dl = daylight savings time (00h std, 01h daylight)
* Carry flag = clear
* else
* Carry flag = set
* (this indicates that the clock is updating, or
* that it isn't running)
*/
FUNCTION(grub_getrtsecs)
pushl %ebp
call prot_to_real /* enter real mode */
.code16
clc
movb $0x2, %ah
int $0x1a
DATA32 jnc gottime
movb $0xff, %dh
gottime:
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movb %dh, %al
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_get_rtc()
* return the real time in ticks, of which there are about
* 18-20 per second
*/
FUNCTION(grub_get_rtc)
pushl %ebp
call prot_to_real /* enter real mode */
.code16
/* %ax is already zero */
int $0x1a
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movl %ecx, %eax
shll $16, %eax
movw %dx, %ax
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* unsigned char grub_vga_set_mode (unsigned char mode)
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vga_set_mode)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
movl %eax, %ecx
call prot_to_real
.code16
/* get current mode */
xorw %bx, %bx
movb $0x0f, %ah
int $0x10
movb %al, %dl
/* set the new mode */
movb %cl, %al
xorb %ah, %ah
int $0x10
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movb %dl, %al
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* unsigned char *grub_vga_get_font (void)
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vga_get_font)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x1130, %ax
movb $0x06, %bh
int $0x10
movw %es, %bx
movw %bp, %dx
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movzwl %bx, %ecx
shll $4, %ecx
movw %dx, %ax
addl %ecx, %eax
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_bios_status_t grub_vbe_get_controller_info (struct grub_vbe_info_block *controller_info)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax *controller_info
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_get_controller_info)
pushl %ebp
pushl %edi
pushl %edx
movw %ax, %di /* Store *controller_info to %edx:%di. */
xorw %ax, %ax
shrl $4, %eax
mov %eax, %edx /* prot_to_real destroys %eax. */
call prot_to_real
.code16
pushw %es
movw %dx, %es /* *controller_info is now on %es:%di. */
movw $0x4f00, %ax
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
popw %es
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movl %edx, %eax
andl $0x0FFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
pop %edx
popl %edi
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_get_mode_info (grub_uint32_t mode,
* struct grub_vbe_mode_info_block *mode_info)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax mode
* %edx *mode_info
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_get_mode_info)
pushl %ebp
pushl %edi
movl %eax, %ecx /* Store mode number to %ecx. */
movw %dx, %di /* Store *mode_info to %edx:%di. */
xorw %dx, %dx
shrl $4, %edx
call prot_to_real
.code16
pushw %es
movw %dx, %es /* *mode_info is now on %es:%di. */
movw $0x4f01, %ax
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
popw %es
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movl %edx, %eax
andl $0x0FFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edi
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_set_mode (grub_uint32_t mode,
* struct grub_vbe_crtc_info_block *crtc_info)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax mode
* %edx *crtc_info
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_set_mode)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
movl %eax, %ebx /* Store mode in %ebx. */
movw %dx, %di /* Store *crtc_info to %edx:%di. */
xorw %dx, %dx
shrl $4, %edx
call prot_to_real
.code16
pushw %es
movw %dx, %es /* *crtc_info is now on %es:%di. */
movw $0x4f02, %ax
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
popw %es
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %dx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_get_mode (grub_uint32_t *mode)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax *mode
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_get_mode)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
pushl %edx
pushl %eax /* Push *mode to stack. */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x4f03, %ax
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %edi /* Pops *mode from stack to %edi. */
andl $0xFFFF, %ebx
movl %ebx, (%edi)
movw %dx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edx
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_set_memory_window (grub_uint32_t window,
* grub_uint32_t position);
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax window
* %edx position
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_set_memory_window)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
movl %eax, %ebx
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x4f05, %ax
andw $0x00ff, %bx /* BL = window, BH = 0, Set memory window. */
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %dx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_get_memory_window (grub_uint32_t window,
* grub_uint32_t *position);
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax window
* %edx *position
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_get_memory_window)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
pushl %edx /* Push *position to stack. */
movl %eax, %ebx /* Store window in %ebx. */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x4f05, %ax
andw $0x00ff, %bx /* BL = window. */
orw $0x0100, %bx /* BH = 1, Get memory window. */
int $0x10
movw %ax, %bx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %edi /* pops *position from stack to %edi. */
andl $0xFFFF, %edx
movl %edx, (%edi) /* Return position to caller. */
movw %bx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_set_scanline_length (grub_uint32_t length)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax length
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_set_scanline_length)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edx
movl %eax, %ecx /* Store length in %ecx. */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x4f06, %ax
movw $0x0002, %bx /* BL = 2, Set Scan Line in Bytes. */
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %dx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edx
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_get_scanline_length (grub_uint32_t *length)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax *length
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_get_scanline_length)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
pushl %edx /* Push *length to stack. */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x4f06, %ax
movw $0x0001, %bx /* BL = 1, Get Scan Line Length (in bytes). */
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %edi /* Pops *length from stack to %edi. */
andl $0xFFFF, %ebx
movl %ebx, (%edi) /* Return length to caller. */
movw %dx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_set_display_start (grub_uint32_t x,
* grub_uint32_t y)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax x
* %edx y
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_set_display_start)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
movl %eax, %ecx /* Store x in %ecx. */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x4f07, %ax
movw $0x0080, %bx /* BL = 80h, Set Display Start
during Vertical Retrace. */
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %dx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_get_display_start (grub_uint32_t *x,
* grub_uint32_t *y)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax *x
* %edx *y
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_get_display_start)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
pushl %eax /* Push *x to stack. */
pushl %edx /* Push *y to stack. */
call prot_to_real
.code16
movw $0x4f07, %ax
movw $0x0001, %bx /* BL = 1, Get Display Start. */
int $0x10
movw %ax, %bx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
popl %edi /* Pops *y from stack to %edi. */
andl $0xFFFF, %edx
movl %edx, (%edi) /* Return y-position to caller. */
popl %edi /* Pops *x from stack to %edi. */
andl $0xFFFF, %ecx
movl %ecx, (%edi) /* Return x-position to caller. */
movw %bx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
/*
* grub_vbe_status_t grub_vbe_bios_set_palette_data (grub_uint32_t color_count,
* grub_uint32_t start_index,
* struct grub_vbe_palette_data *palette_data)
*
* Register allocations for parameters:
* %eax color_count
* %edx start_index
* %ecx *palette_data
*/
FUNCTION(grub_vbe_bios_set_palette_data)
pushl %ebp
pushl %ebx
pushl %edi
movl %eax, %ebx /* Store color_count in %ebx. */
movw %cx, %di /* Store *palette_data to %ecx:%di. */
xorw %cx, %cx
shrl $4, %ecx
call prot_to_real
.code16
pushw %es
movw %cx, %es /* *palette_data is now on %es:%di. */
movw %bx, %cx /* color_count is now on %cx. */
movw $0x4f09, %ax
xorw %bx, %bx /* BL = 0, Set Palette Data. */
int $0x10
movw %ax, %dx /* real_to_prot destroys %eax. */
popw %es
DATA32 call real_to_prot
.code32
movw %dx, %ax
andl $0xFFFF, %eax /* Return value in %eax. */
popl %edi
popl %ebx
popl %ebp
ret
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