// Ada Yonath - an Israeli crystallographer, the first woman from the Middle East to win a Nobel prize in the sciences. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Yonath
// Adele Goldstine, born Adele Katz, wrote the complete technical description for the first electronic digital computer, ENIAC. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adele_Goldstine
// Barbara McClintock - a distinguished American cytogeneticist, 1983 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine for discovering transposons. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_McClintock
// Benjamin Franklin is famous for his experiments in electricity and the invention of the lightning rod.
// Charles Babbage invented the concept of a programmable computer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Babbage.
// Charles Darwin established the principles of natural evolution. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin.
// Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson created UNIX and the C programming language. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Thompson
// Douglas Engelbart gave the mother of all demos: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Engelbart
// Erna Schneider Hoover revolutionized modern communication by inventing a computerized telephon switching method. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erna_Schneider_Hoover
// Françoise Barré-Sinoussi - French virologist and Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology or Medicine; her work was fundamental in identifying HIV as the cause of AIDS. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi
// Galileo was a founding father of modern astronomy, and faced politics and obscurantism to establish scientific truth. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei
// Gertrude Elion - American biochemist, pharmacologist and the 1988 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Medicine - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Elion
// Grace Hopper developed the first compiler for a computer programming language and is credited with popularizing the term "debugging" for fixing computer glitches. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Hopper
// Hypatia - Greek Alexandrine Neoplatonist philosopher in Egypt who was one of the earliest mothers of mathematics - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia
// Jane Colden - American botanist widely considered the first female American botanist - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Colden
// Jane Goodall - British primatologist, ethologist, and anthropologist who is considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Goodall
// Jean Bartik, born Betty Jean Jennings, was one of the original programmers for the ENIAC computer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Bartik
// Jean E. Sammet developed FORMAC, the first widely used computer language for symbolic manipulation of mathematical formulas. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_E._Sammet
// Johanna Mestorf - German prehistoric archaeologist and first female museum director in Germany - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johanna_Mestorf
// June Almeida - Scottish virologist who took the first pictures of the rubella virus - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Almeida
// Karen Spärck Jones came up with the concept of inverse document frequency, which is used in most search engines today. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_Sp%C3%A4rck_Jones
// Lise Meitner - Austrian/Swedish physicist who was involved in the discovery of nuclear fission. The element meitnerium is named after her - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lise_Meitner
// Maria Ardinghelli - Italian translator, mathematician and physicist - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Ardinghelli
// Maria Kirch - German astronomer and first woman to discover a comet - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Margarethe_Kirch
// Maria Mayer - American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate in Physics for proposing the nuclear shell model of the atomic nucleus - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Mayer
// Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Ḥarrānī al-Battānī was a founding father of astronomy. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_ibn_J%C4%81bir_al-%E1%B8%A4arr%C4%81n%C4%AB_al-Batt%C4%81n%C4%AB
// Niels Bohr is the father of quantum theory. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Bohr.
// Nikola Tesla invented the AC electric system and every gaget ever used by a James Bond villain. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_Tesla
// Pierre de Fermat pioneered several aspects of modern mathematics. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_de_Fermat
// Rachel Carson - American marine biologist and conservationist, her book Silent Spring and other writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Carson
// Radia Perlman is a software designer and network engineer and most famous for her invention of the spanning-tree protocol (STP). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radia_Perlman
// Rosalind Franklin - British biophysicist and X-ray crystallographer whose research was critical to the understanding of DNA - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin
// Sophie Kowalevski - Russian mathematician responsible for important original contributions to analysis, differential equations and mechanics - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofia_Kovalevskaya
// Sophie Wilson designed the first Acorn Micro-Computer and the instruction set for ARM processors. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie_Wilson
// Stephen Hawking pioneered the field of cosmology by combining general relativity and quantum mechanics. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hawking
// Steve Wozniak invented the Apple I and Apple II. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Wozniak
// Werner Heisenberg was a founding father of quantum mechanics. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg
// William Shockley, Walter Houser Brattain and John Bardeen co-invented the transistor (thanks Brian Goff).