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Signed-off-by: Olivier Gambier <olivier@docker.com>
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Olivier Gambier 2016-03-18 14:07:13 -07:00
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testdata/conf_out.ini
ini.sublime-project
ini.sublime-workspace
testdata/conf_reflect.ini

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ini [![Build Status](https://drone.io/github.com/go-ini/ini/status.png)](https://drone.io/github.com/go-ini/ini/latest) [![](http://gocover.io/_badge/github.com/go-ini/ini)](http://gocover.io/github.com/go-ini/ini)
===
![](https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/10216035?v=3&s=200)
Package ini provides INI file read and write functionality in Go.
[简体中文](README_ZH.md)
## Feature
- Load multiple data sources(`[]byte` or file) with overwrites.
- Read with recursion values.
- Read with parent-child sections.
- Read with auto-increment key names.
- Read with multiple-line values.
- Read with tons of helper methods.
- Read and convert values to Go types.
- Read and **WRITE** comments of sections and keys.
- Manipulate sections, keys and comments with ease.
- Keep sections and keys in order as you parse and save.
## Installation
To use a tagged revision:
go get gopkg.in/ini.v1
To use with latest changes:
go get github.com/go-ini/ini
### Testing
If you want to test on your machine, please apply `-t` flag:
go get -t gopkg.in/ini.v1
## Getting Started
### Loading from data sources
A **Data Source** is either raw data in type `[]byte` or a file name with type `string` and you can load **as many as** data sources you want. Passing other types will simply return an error.
```go
cfg, err := ini.Load([]byte("raw data"), "filename")
```
Or start with an empty object:
```go
cfg := ini.Empty()
```
When you cannot decide how many data sources to load at the beginning, you still able to **Append()** them later.
```go
err := cfg.Append("other file", []byte("other raw data"))
```
### Working with sections
To get a section, you would need to:
```go
section, err := cfg.GetSection("section name")
```
For a shortcut for default section, just give an empty string as name:
```go
section, err := cfg.GetSection("")
```
When you're pretty sure the section exists, following code could make your life easier:
```go
section := cfg.Section("")
```
What happens when the section somehow does not exist? Don't panic, it automatically creates and returns a new section to you.
To create a new section:
```go
err := cfg.NewSection("new section")
```
To get a list of sections or section names:
```go
sections := cfg.Sections()
names := cfg.SectionStrings()
```
### Working with keys
To get a key under a section:
```go
key, err := cfg.Section("").GetKey("key name")
```
Same rule applies to key operations:
```go
key := cfg.Section("").Key("key name")
```
To check if a key exists:
```go
yes := cfg.Section("").HasKey("key name")
```
To create a new key:
```go
err := cfg.Section("").NewKey("name", "value")
```
To get a list of keys or key names:
```go
keys := cfg.Section("").Keys()
names := cfg.Section("").KeyStrings()
```
To get a clone hash of keys and corresponding values:
```go
hash := cfg.GetSection("").KeysHash()
```
### Working with values
To get a string value:
```go
val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").String()
```
To validate key value on the fly:
```go
val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").Validate(func(in string) string {
if len(in) == 0 {
return "default"
}
return in
})
```
If you do not want any auto-transformation (such as recursive read) for the values, you can get raw value directly (this way you get much better performance):
```go
val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").Value()
```
To check if raw value exists:
```go
yes := cfg.Section("").HasValue("test value")
```
To get value with types:
```go
// For boolean values:
// true when value is: 1, t, T, TRUE, true, True, YES, yes, Yes, y, ON, on, On
// false when value is: 0, f, F, FALSE, false, False, NO, no, No, n, OFF, off, Off
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").Bool()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").Float64()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").Int()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").Int64()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").Uint()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").Uint64()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").TimeFormat(time.RFC3339)
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").Time() // RFC3339
v = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").MustBool()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").MustFloat64()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").MustInt()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").MustInt64()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").MustUint()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").MustUint64()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTimeFormat(time.RFC3339)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTime() // RFC3339
// Methods start with Must also accept one argument for default value
// when key not found or fail to parse value to given type.
// Except method MustString, which you have to pass a default value.
v = cfg.Section("").Key("String").MustString("default")
v = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").MustBool(true)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").MustFloat64(1.25)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").MustInt(10)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").MustInt64(99)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").MustUint(3)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").MustUint64(6)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now())
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTime(time.Now()) // RFC3339
```
What if my value is three-line long?
```ini
[advance]
ADDRESS = """404 road,
NotFound, State, 5000
Earth"""
```
Not a problem!
```go
cfg.Section("advance").Key("ADDRESS").String()
/* --- start ---
404 road,
NotFound, State, 5000
Earth
------ end --- */
```
That's cool, how about continuation lines?
```ini
[advance]
two_lines = how about \
continuation lines?
lots_of_lines = 1 \
2 \
3 \
4
```
Piece of cake!
```go
cfg.Section("advance").Key("two_lines").String() // how about continuation lines?
cfg.Section("advance").Key("lots_of_lines").String() // 1 2 3 4
```
Note that single quotes around values will be stripped:
```ini
foo = "some value" // foo: some value
bar = 'some value' // bar: some value
```
That's all? Hmm, no.
#### Helper methods of working with values
To get value with given candidates:
```go
v = cfg.Section("").Key("STRING").In("default", []string{"str", "arr", "types"})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").InFloat64(1.1, []float64{1.25, 2.5, 3.75})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").InInt(5, []int{10, 20, 30})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").InInt64(10, []int64{10, 20, 30})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").InUint(4, []int{3, 6, 9})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").InUint64(8, []int64{3, 6, 9})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").InTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now(), []time.Time{time1, time2, time3})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").InTime(time.Now(), []time.Time{time1, time2, time3}) // RFC3339
```
Default value will be presented if value of key is not in candidates you given, and default value does not need be one of candidates.
To validate value in a given range:
```go
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").RangeFloat64(0.0, 1.1, 2.2)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").RangeInt(0, 10, 20)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").RangeInt64(0, 10, 20)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").RangeUint(0, 3, 9)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").RangeUint64(0, 3, 9)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").RangeTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now(), minTime, maxTime)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").RangeTime(time.Now(), minTime, maxTime) // RFC3339
```
To auto-split value into slice:
```go
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("STRINGS").Strings(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64S").Float64s(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INTS").Ints(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64S").Int64s(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINTS").Uints(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64S").Uint64s(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIMES").Times(",")
```
### Save your configuration
Finally, it's time to save your configuration to somewhere.
A typical way to save configuration is writing it to a file:
```go
// ...
err = cfg.SaveTo("my.ini")
err = cfg.SaveToIndent("my.ini", "\t")
```
Another way to save is writing to a `io.Writer` interface:
```go
// ...
cfg.WriteTo(writer)
cfg.WriteToIndent(writer, "\t")
```
## Advanced Usage
### Recursive Values
For all value of keys, there is a special syntax `%(<name>)s`, where `<name>` is the key name in same section or default section, and `%(<name>)s` will be replaced by corresponding value(empty string if key not found). You can use this syntax at most 99 level of recursions.
```ini
NAME = ini
[author]
NAME = Unknwon
GITHUB = https://github.com/%(NAME)s
[package]
FULL_NAME = github.com/go-ini/%(NAME)s
```
```go
cfg.Section("author").Key("GITHUB").String() // https://github.com/Unknwon
cfg.Section("package").Key("FULL_NAME").String() // github.com/go-ini/ini
```
### Parent-child Sections
You can use `.` in section name to indicate parent-child relationship between two or more sections. If the key not found in the child section, library will try again on its parent section until there is no parent section.
```ini
NAME = ini
VERSION = v1
IMPORT_PATH = gopkg.in/%(NAME)s.%(VERSION)s
[package]
CLONE_URL = https://%(IMPORT_PATH)s
[package.sub]
```
```go
cfg.Section("package.sub").Key("CLONE_URL").String() // https://gopkg.in/ini.v1
```
### Auto-increment Key Names
If key name is `-` in data source, then it would be seen as special syntax for auto-increment key name start from 1, and every section is independent on counter.
```ini
[features]
-: Support read/write comments of keys and sections
-: Support auto-increment of key names
-: Support load multiple files to overwrite key values
```
```go
cfg.Section("features").KeyStrings() // []{"#1", "#2", "#3"}
```
### Map To Struct
Want more objective way to play with INI? Cool.
```ini
Name = Unknwon
age = 21
Male = true
Born = 1993-01-01T20:17:05Z
[Note]
Content = Hi is a good man!
Cities = HangZhou, Boston
```
```go
type Note struct {
Content string
Cities []string
}
type Person struct {
Name string
Age int `ini:"age"`
Male bool
Born time.Time
Note
Created time.Time `ini:"-"`
}
func main() {
cfg, err := ini.Load("path/to/ini")
// ...
p := new(Person)
err = cfg.MapTo(p)
// ...
// Things can be simpler.
err = ini.MapTo(p, "path/to/ini")
// ...
// Just map a section? Fine.
n := new(Note)
err = cfg.Section("Note").MapTo(n)
// ...
}
```
Can I have default value for field? Absolutely.
Assign it before you map to struct. It will keep the value as it is if the key is not presented or got wrong type.
```go
// ...
p := &Person{
Name: "Joe",
}
// ...
```
It's really cool, but what's the point if you can't give me my file back from struct?
### Reflect From Struct
Why not?
```go
type Embeded struct {
Dates []time.Time `delim:"|"`
Places []string
None []int
}
type Author struct {
Name string `ini:"NAME"`
Male bool
Age int
GPA float64
NeverMind string `ini:"-"`
*Embeded
}
func main() {
a := &Author{"Unknwon", true, 21, 2.8, "",
&Embeded{
[]time.Time{time.Now(), time.Now()},
[]string{"HangZhou", "Boston"},
[]int{},
}}
cfg := ini.Empty()
err = ini.ReflectFrom(cfg, a)
// ...
}
```
So, what do I get?
```ini
NAME = Unknwon
Male = true
Age = 21
GPA = 2.8
[Embeded]
Dates = 2015-08-07T22:14:22+08:00|2015-08-07T22:14:22+08:00
Places = HangZhou,Boston
None =
```
#### Name Mapper
To save your time and make your code cleaner, this library supports [`NameMapper`](https://gowalker.org/gopkg.in/ini.v1#NameMapper) between struct field and actual section and key name.
There are 2 built-in name mappers:
- `AllCapsUnderscore`: it converts to format `ALL_CAPS_UNDERSCORE` then match section or key.
- `TitleUnderscore`: it converts to format `title_underscore` then match section or key.
To use them:
```go
type Info struct {
PackageName string
}
func main() {
err = ini.MapToWithMapper(&Info{}, ini.TitleUnderscore, []byte("package_name=ini"))
// ...
cfg, err := ini.Load([]byte("PACKAGE_NAME=ini"))
// ...
info := new(Info)
cfg.NameMapper = ini.AllCapsUnderscore
err = cfg.MapTo(info)
// ...
}
```
Same rules of name mapper apply to `ini.ReflectFromWithMapper` function.
#### Other Notes On Map/Reflect
Any embedded struct is treated as a section by default, and there is no automatic parent-child relations in map/reflect feature:
```go
type Child struct {
Age string
}
type Parent struct {
Name string
Child
}
type Config struct {
City string
Parent
}
```
Example configuration:
```ini
City = Boston
[Parent]
Name = Unknwon
[Child]
Age = 21
```
What if, yes, I'm paranoid, I want embedded struct to be in the same section. Well, all roads lead to Rome.
```go
type Child struct {
Age string
}
type Parent struct {
Name string
Child `ini:"Parent"`
}
type Config struct {
City string
Parent
}
```
Example configuration:
```ini
City = Boston
[Parent]
Name = Unknwon
Age = 21
```
## Getting Help
- [API Documentation](https://gowalker.org/gopkg.in/ini.v1)
- [File An Issue](https://github.com/go-ini/ini/issues/new)
## FAQs
### What does `BlockMode` field do?
By default, library lets you read and write values so we need a locker to make sure your data is safe. But in cases that you are very sure about only reading data through the library, you can set `cfg.BlockMode = false` to speed up read operations about **50-70%** faster.
### Why another INI library?
Many people are using my another INI library [goconfig](https://github.com/Unknwon/goconfig), so the reason for this one is I would like to make more Go style code. Also when you set `cfg.BlockMode = false`, this one is about **10-30%** faster.
To make those changes I have to confirm API broken, so it's safer to keep it in another place and start using `gopkg.in` to version my package at this time.(PS: shorter import path)
## License
This project is under Apache v2 License. See the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for the full license text.

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本包提供了 Go 语言中读写 INI 文件的功能。
## 功能特性
- 支持覆盖加载多个数据源（`[]byte` 或文件）
- 支持递归读取键值
- 支持读取父子分区
- 支持读取自增键名
- 支持读取多行的键值
- 支持大量辅助方法
- 支持在读取时直接转换为 Go 语言类型
- 支持读取和 **写入** 分区和键的注释
- 轻松操作分区、键值和注释
- 在保存文件时分区和键值会保持原有的顺序
## 下载安装
使用一个特定版本：
go get gopkg.in/ini.v1
使用最新版：
go get github.com/go-ini/ini
### 测试安装
如果您想要在自己的机器上运行测试，请使用 `-t` 标记：
go get -t gopkg.in/ini.v1
## 开始使用
### 从数据源加载
一个 **数据源** 可以是 `[]byte` 类型的原始数据，或 `string` 类型的文件路径。您可以加载 **任意多个** 数据源。如果您传递其它类型的数据源，则会直接返回错误。
```go
cfg, err := ini.Load([]byte("raw data"), "filename")
```
或者从一个空白的文件开始：
```go
cfg := ini.Empty()
```
当您在一开始无法决定需要加载哪些数据源时，仍可以使用 **Append()** 在需要的时候加载它们。
```go
err := cfg.Append("other file", []byte("other raw data"))
```
### 操作分区（Section）
获取指定分区：
```go
section, err := cfg.GetSection("section name")
```
如果您想要获取默认分区，则可以用空字符串代替分区名：
```go
section, err := cfg.GetSection("")
```
当您非常确定某个分区是存在的，可以使用以下简便方法：
```go
section := cfg.Section("")
```
如果不小心判断错了，要获取的分区其实是不存在的，那会发生什么呢？没事的，它会自动创建并返回一个对应的分区对象给您。
创建一个分区：
```go
err := cfg.NewSection("new section")
```
获取所有分区对象或名称：
```go
sections := cfg.Sections()
names := cfg.SectionStrings()
```
### 操作键（Key）
获取某个分区下的键：
```go
key, err := cfg.Section("").GetKey("key name")
```
和分区一样，您也可以直接获取键而忽略错误处理：
```go
key := cfg.Section("").Key("key name")
```
判断某个键是否存在：
```go
yes := cfg.Section("").HasKey("key name")
```
创建一个新的键：
```go
err := cfg.Section("").NewKey("name", "value")
```
获取分区下的所有键或键名：
```go
keys := cfg.Section("").Keys()
names := cfg.Section("").KeyStrings()
```
获取分区下的所有键值对的克隆：
```go
hash := cfg.GetSection("").KeysHash()
```
### 操作键值（Value）
获取一个类型为字符串（string）的值：
```go
val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").String()
```
获取值的同时通过自定义函数进行处理验证：
```go
val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").Validate(func(in string) string {
if len(in) == 0 {
return "default"
}
return in
})
```
如果您不需要任何对值的自动转变功能（例如递归读取），可以直接获取原值（这种方式性能最佳）：
```go
val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").Value()
```
判断某个原值是否存在：
```go
yes := cfg.Section("").HasValue("test value")
```
获取其它类型的值：
```go
// 布尔值的规则：
// true 当值为：1, t, T, TRUE, true, True, YES, yes, Yes, y, ON, on, On
// false 当值为：0, f, F, FALSE, false, False, NO, no, No, n, OFF, off, Off
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").Bool()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").Float64()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").Int()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").Int64()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").Uint()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").Uint64()
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").TimeFormat(time.RFC3339)
v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").Time() // RFC3339
v = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").MustBool()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").MustFloat64()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").MustInt()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").MustInt64()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").MustUint()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").MustUint64()
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTimeFormat(time.RFC3339)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTime() // RFC3339
// 由 Must 开头的方法名允许接收一个相同类型的参数来作为默认值，
// 当键不存在或者转换失败时，则会直接返回该默认值。
// 但是，MustString 方法必须传递一个默认值。
v = cfg.Seciont("").Key("String").MustString("default")
v = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").MustBool(true)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").MustFloat64(1.25)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").MustInt(10)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").MustInt64(99)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").MustUint(3)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").MustUint64(6)
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now())
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTime(time.Now()) // RFC3339
```
如果我的值有好多行怎么办？
```ini
[advance]
ADDRESS = """404 road,
NotFound, State, 5000
Earth"""
```
嗯哼？小 case！
```go
cfg.Section("advance").Key("ADDRESS").String()
/* --- start ---
404 road,
NotFound, State, 5000
Earth
------ end --- */
```
赞爆了！那要是我属于一行的内容写不下想要写到第二行怎么办？
```ini
[advance]
two_lines = how about \
continuation lines?
lots_of_lines = 1 \
2 \
3 \
4
```
简直是小菜一碟！
```go
cfg.Section("advance").Key("two_lines").String() // how about continuation lines?
cfg.Section("advance").Key("lots_of_lines").String() // 1 2 3 4
```
需要注意的是，值两侧的单引号会被自动剔除：
```ini
foo = "some value" // foo: some value
bar = 'some value' // bar: some value
```
这就是全部了？哈哈，当然不是。
#### 操作键值的辅助方法
获取键值时设定候选值：
```go
v = cfg.Section("").Key("STRING").In("default", []string{"str", "arr", "types"})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").InFloat64(1.1, []float64{1.25, 2.5, 3.75})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").InInt(5, []int{10, 20, 30})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").InInt64(10, []int64{10, 20, 30})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").InUint(4, []int{3, 6, 9})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").InUint64(8, []int64{3, 6, 9})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").InTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now(), []time.Time{time1, time2, time3})
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").InTime(time.Now(), []time.Time{time1, time2, time3}) // RFC3339
```
如果获取到的值不是候选值的任意一个，则会返回默认值，而默认值不需要是候选值中的一员。
验证获取的值是否在指定范围内：
```go
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").RangeFloat64(0.0, 1.1, 2.2)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").RangeInt(0, 10, 20)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").RangeInt64(0, 10, 20)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").RangeUint(0, 3, 9)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").RangeUint64(0, 3, 9)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").RangeTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now(), minTime, maxTime)
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").RangeTime(time.Now(), minTime, maxTime) // RFC3339
```
自动分割键值为切片（slice）：
```go
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("STRINGS").Strings(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64S").Float64s(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INTS").Ints(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64S").Int64s(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINTS").Uints(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64S").Uint64s(",")
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIMES").Times(",")
```
### 保存配置
终于到了这个时刻，是时候保存一下配置了。
比较原始的做法是输出配置到某个文件：
```go
// ...
err = cfg.SaveTo("my.ini")
err = cfg.SaveToIndent("my.ini", "\t")
```
另一个比较高级的做法是写入到任何实现 `io.Writer` 接口的对象中：
```go
// ...
cfg.WriteTo(writer)
cfg.WriteToIndent(writer, "\t")
```
### 高级用法
#### 递归读取键值
在获取所有键值的过程中，特殊语法 `%(<name>)s` 会被应用，其中 `<name>` 可以是相同分区或者默认分区下的键名。字符串 `%(<name>)s` 会被相应的键值所替代，如果指定的键不存在，则会用空字符串替代。您可以最多使用 99 层的递归嵌套。
```ini
NAME = ini
[author]
NAME = Unknwon
GITHUB = https://github.com/%(NAME)s
[package]
FULL_NAME = github.com/go-ini/%(NAME)s
```
```go
cfg.Section("author").Key("GITHUB").String() // https://github.com/Unknwon
cfg.Section("package").Key("FULL_NAME").String() // github.com/go-ini/ini
```
#### 读取父子分区
您可以在分区名称中使用 `.` 来表示两个或多个分区之间的父子关系。如果某个键在子分区中不存在，则会去它的父分区中再次寻找，直到没有父分区为止。
```ini
NAME = ini
VERSION = v1
IMPORT_PATH = gopkg.in/%(NAME)s.%(VERSION)s
[package]
CLONE_URL = https://%(IMPORT_PATH)s
[package.sub]
```
```go
cfg.Section("package.sub").Key("CLONE_URL").String() // https://gopkg.in/ini.v1
```
#### 读取自增键名
如果数据源中的键名为 `-`，则认为该键使用了自增键名的特殊语法。计数器从 1 开始，并且分区之间是相互独立的。
```ini
[features]
-: Support read/write comments of keys and sections
-: Support auto-increment of key names
-: Support load multiple files to overwrite key values
```
```go
cfg.Section("features").KeyStrings() // []{"#1", "#2", "#3"}
```
### 映射到结构
想要使用更加面向对象的方式玩转 INI 吗？好主意。
```ini
Name = Unknwon
age = 21
Male = true
Born = 1993-01-01T20:17:05Z
[Note]
Content = Hi is a good man!
Cities = HangZhou, Boston
```
```go
type Note struct {
Content string
Cities []string
}
type Person struct {
Name string
Age int `ini:"age"`
Male bool
Born time.Time
Note
Created time.Time `ini:"-"`
}
func main() {
cfg, err := ini.Load("path/to/ini")
// ...
p := new(Person)
err = cfg.MapTo(p)
// ...
// 一切竟可以如此的简单。
err = ini.MapTo(p, "path/to/ini")
// ...
// 嗯哼？只需要映射一个分区吗？
n := new(Note)
err = cfg.Section("Note").MapTo(n)
// ...
}
```
结构的字段怎么设置默认值呢？很简单，只要在映射之前对指定字段进行赋值就可以了。如果键未找到或者类型错误，该值不会发生改变。
```go
// ...
p := &Person{
Name: "Joe",
}
// ...
```
这样玩 INI 真的好酷啊！然而，如果不能还给我原来的配置文件，有什么卵用？
### 从结构反射
可是，我有说不能吗？
```go
type Embeded struct {
Dates []time.Time `delim:"|"`
Places []string
None []int
}
type Author struct {
Name string `ini:"NAME"`
Male bool
Age int
GPA float64
NeverMind string `ini:"-"`
*Embeded
}
func main() {
a := &Author{"Unknwon", true, 21, 2.8, "",
&Embeded{
[]time.Time{time.Now(), time.Now()},
[]string{"HangZhou", "Boston"},
[]int{},
}}
cfg := ini.Empty()
err = ini.ReflectFrom(cfg, a)
// ...
}
```
瞧瞧，奇迹发生了。
```ini
NAME = Unknwon
Male = true
Age = 21
GPA = 2.8
[Embeded]
Dates = 2015-08-07T22:14:22+08:00|2015-08-07T22:14:22+08:00
Places = HangZhou,Boston
None =
```
#### 名称映射器（Name Mapper）
为了节省您的时间并简化代码，本库支持类型为 [`NameMapper`](https://gowalker.org/gopkg.in/ini.v1#NameMapper) 的名称映射器，该映射器负责结构字段名与分区名和键名之间的映射。
目前有 2 款内置的映射器：
- `AllCapsUnderscore`：该映射器将字段名转换至格式 `ALL_CAPS_UNDERSCORE` 后再去匹配分区名和键名。
- `TitleUnderscore`：该映射器将字段名转换至格式 `title_underscore` 后再去匹配分区名和键名。
使用方法：
```go
type Info struct{
PackageName string
}
func main() {
err = ini.MapToWithMapper(&Info{}, ini.TitleUnderscore, []byte("package_name=ini"))
// ...
cfg, err := ini.Load([]byte("PACKAGE_NAME=ini"))
// ...
info := new(Info)
cfg.NameMapper = ini.AllCapsUnderscore
err = cfg.MapTo(info)
// ...
}
```
使用函数 `ini.ReflectFromWithMapper` 时也可应用相同的规则。
#### 映射/反射的其它说明
任何嵌入的结构都会被默认认作一个不同的分区，并且不会自动产生所谓的父子分区关联：
```go
type Child struct {
Age string
}
type Parent struct {
Name string
Child
}
type Config struct {
City string
Parent
}
```
示例配置文件：
```ini
City = Boston
[Parent]
Name = Unknwon
[Child]
Age = 21
```
很好，但是，我就是要嵌入结构也在同一个分区。好吧，你爹是李刚！
```go
type Child struct {
Age string
}
type Parent struct {
Name string
Child `ini:"Parent"`
}
type Config struct {
City string
Parent
}
```
示例配置文件：
```ini
City = Boston
[Parent]
Name = Unknwon
Age = 21
```
## 获取帮助
- [API 文档](https://gowalker.org/gopkg.in/ini.v1)
- [创建工单](https://github.com/go-ini/ini/issues/new)
## 常见问题
### 字段 `BlockMode` 是什么？
默认情况下，本库会在您进行读写操作时采用锁机制来确保数据时间。但在某些情况下，您非常确定只进行读操作。此时，您可以通过设置 `cfg.BlockMode = false` 来将读操作提升大约 **50-70%** 的性能。
### 为什么要写另一个 INI 解析库？
许多人都在使用我的 [goconfig](https://github.com/Unknwon/goconfig) 来完成对 INI 文件的操作，但我希望使用更加 Go 风格的代码。并且当您设置 `cfg.BlockMode = false` 时，会有大约 **10-30%** 的性能提升。
为了做出这些改变，我必须对 API 进行破坏，所以新开一个仓库是最安全的做法。除此之外，本库直接使用 `gopkg.in` 来进行版本化发布。（其实真相是导入路径更短了）

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// Copyright 2015 Unknwon
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"): you may
// not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
// a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
// WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
// License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.
package ini
import (
"bufio"
"bytes"
"fmt"
"io"
"strconv"
"strings"
"unicode"
)
type tokenType int
const (
_TOKEN_INVALID tokenType = iota
_TOKEN_COMMENT
_TOKEN_SECTION
_TOKEN_KEY
)
type parser struct {
buf *bufio.Reader
isEOF bool
count int
comment *bytes.Buffer
}
func newParser(r io.Reader) *parser {
return &parser{
buf: bufio.NewReader(r),
count: 1,
comment: &bytes.Buffer{},
}
}
// BOM handles header of BOM-UTF8 format.
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark#Representations_of_byte_order_marks_by_encoding
func (p *parser) BOM() error {
mask, err := p.buf.Peek(3)
if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
return err
} else if len(mask) < 3 {
return nil
} else if mask[0] == 239 && mask[1] == 187 && mask[2] == 191 {
p.buf.Read(mask)
}
return nil
}
func (p *parser) readUntil(delim byte) ([]byte, error) {
data, err := p.buf.ReadBytes(delim)
if err != nil {
if err == io.EOF {
p.isEOF = true
} else {
return nil, err
}
}
return data, nil
}
func cleanComment(in []byte) ([]byte, bool) {
i := bytes.IndexAny(in, "#;")
if i == -1 {
return nil, false
}
return in[i:], true
}
func readKeyName(in []byte) (string, int, error) {
line := string(in)
// Check if key name surrounded by quotes.
var keyQuote string
if line[0] == '"' {
if len(line) > 6 && string(line[0:3]) == `"""` {
keyQuote = `"""`
} else {
keyQuote = `"`
}
} else if line[0] == '`' {
keyQuote = "`"
}
// Get out key name
endIdx := -1
if len(keyQuote) > 0 {
startIdx := len(keyQuote)
// FIXME: fail case -> """"""name"""=value
pos := strings.Index(line[startIdx:], keyQuote)
if pos == -1 {
return "", -1, fmt.Errorf("missing closing key quote: %s", line)
}
pos += startIdx
// Find key-value delimiter
i := strings.IndexAny(line[pos+startIdx:], "=:")
if i < 0 {
return "", -1, fmt.Errorf("key-value delimiter not found: %s", line)
}
endIdx = pos + i
return strings.TrimSpace(line[startIdx:pos]), endIdx + startIdx + 1, nil
}
endIdx = strings.IndexAny(line, "=:")
if endIdx < 0 {
return "", -1, fmt.Errorf("key-value delimiter not found: %s", line)
}
return strings.TrimSpace(line[0:endIdx]), endIdx + 1, nil
}
func (p *parser) readMultilines(line, val, valQuote string) (string, error) {
for {
data, err := p.readUntil('\n')
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
next := string(data)
pos := strings.LastIndex(next, valQuote)
if pos > -1 {
val += next[:pos]
comment, has := cleanComment([]byte(next[pos:]))
if has {
p.comment.Write(bytes.TrimSpace(comment))
}
break
}
val += next
if p.isEOF {
return "", fmt.Errorf("missing closing key quote from '%s' to '%s'", line, next)
}
}
return val, nil
}
func (p *parser) readContinuationLines(val string) (string, error) {
for {
data, err := p.readUntil('\n')
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
next := strings.TrimSpace(string(data))
if len(next) == 0 {
break
}
val += next
if val[len(val)-1] != '\\' {
break
}
val = val[:len(val)-1]
}
return val, nil
}
// hasSurroundedQuote check if and only if the first and last characters
// are quotes \" or \'.
// It returns false if any other parts also contain same kind of quotes.
func hasSurroundedQuote(in string, quote byte) bool {
return len(in) > 2 && in[0] == quote && in[len(in)-1] == quote &&
strings.IndexByte(in[1:], quote) == len(in)-2
}
func (p *parser) readValue(in []byte) (string, error) {
line := strings.TrimLeftFunc(string(in), unicode.IsSpace)
if len(line) == 0 {
return "", nil
}
var valQuote string
if len(line) > 3 && string(line[0:3]) == `"""` {
valQuote = `"""`
} else if line[0] == '`' {
valQuote = "`"
}
if len(valQuote) > 0 {
startIdx := len(valQuote)
pos := strings.LastIndex(line[startIdx:], valQuote)
// Check for multi-line value
if pos == -1 {
return p.readMultilines(line, line[startIdx:], valQuote)
}
return line[startIdx : pos+startIdx], nil
}
// Won't be able to reach here if value only contains whitespace.
line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
// Check continuation lines
if line[len(line)-1] == '\\' {
return p.readContinuationLines(line[:len(line)-1])
}
i := strings.IndexAny(line, "#;")
if i > -1 {
p.comment.WriteString(line[i:])
line = strings.TrimSpace(line[:i])
}
// Trim single quotes
if hasSurroundedQuote(line, '\'') ||
hasSurroundedQuote(line, '"') {
line = line[1 : len(line)-1]
}
return line, nil
}
// parse parses data through an io.Reader.
func (f *File) parse(reader io.Reader) (err error) {
p := newParser(reader)
if err = p.BOM(); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("BOM: %v", err)
}
// Ignore error because default section name is never empty string.
section, _ := f.NewSection(DEFAULT_SECTION)
var line []byte
for !p.isEOF {
line, err = p.readUntil('\n')
if err != nil {
return err
}
line = bytes.TrimLeftFunc(line, unicode.IsSpace)
if len(line) == 0 {
continue
}
// Comments
if line[0] == '#' || line[0] == ';' {
// Note: we do not care ending line break,
// it is needed for adding second line,
// so just clean it once at the end when set to value.
p.comment.Write(line)
continue
}
// Section
if line[0] == '[' {
// Read to the next ']' (TODO: support quoted strings)
closeIdx := bytes.IndexByte(line, ']')
if closeIdx == -1 {
return fmt.Errorf("unclosed section: %s", line)
}
section, err = f.NewSection(string(line[1:closeIdx]))
if err != nil {
return err
}
comment, has := cleanComment(line[closeIdx+1:])
if has {
p.comment.Write(comment)
}
section.Comment = strings.TrimSpace(p.comment.String())
// Reset aotu-counter and comments
p.comment.Reset()
p.count = 1
continue
}
kname, offset, err := readKeyName(line)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Auto increment.
isAutoIncr := false
if kname == "-" {
isAutoIncr = true
kname = "#" + strconv.Itoa(p.count)
p.count++
}
key, err := section.NewKey(kname, "")
if err != nil {
return err
}
key.isAutoIncr = isAutoIncr
value, err := p.readValue(line[offset:])
if err != nil {
return err
}
key.SetValue(value)
key.Comment = strings.TrimSpace(p.comment.String())
p.comment.Reset()
}
return nil
}

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// Copyright 2014 Unknwon
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"): you may
// not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
// a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
// WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
// License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.
package ini
import (
"bytes"
"errors"
"fmt"
"reflect"
"time"
"unicode"
)
// NameMapper represents a ini tag name mapper.
type NameMapper func(string) string
// Built-in name getters.
var (
// AllCapsUnderscore converts to format ALL_CAPS_UNDERSCORE.
AllCapsUnderscore NameMapper = func(raw string) string {
newstr := make([]rune, 0, len(raw))
for i, chr := range raw {
if isUpper := 'A' <= chr && chr <= 'Z'; isUpper {
if i > 0 {
newstr = append(newstr, '_')
}
}
newstr = append(newstr, unicode.ToUpper(chr))
}
return string(newstr)
}
// TitleUnderscore converts to format title_underscore.
TitleUnderscore NameMapper = func(raw string) string {
newstr := make([]rune, 0, len(raw))
for i, chr := range raw {
if isUpper := 'A' <= chr && chr <= 'Z'; isUpper {
if i > 0 {
newstr = append(newstr, '_')
}
chr -= ('A' - 'a')
}
newstr = append(newstr, chr)
}
return string(newstr)
}
)
func (s *Section) parseFieldName(raw, actual string) string {
if len(actual) > 0 {
return actual
}
if s.f.NameMapper != nil {
return s.f.NameMapper(raw)
}
return raw
}
func parseDelim(actual string) string {
if len(actual) > 0 {
return actual
}
return ","
}
var reflectTime = reflect.TypeOf(time.Now()).Kind()
// setWithProperType sets proper value to field based on its type,
// but it does not return error for failing parsing,
// because we want to use default value that is already assigned to strcut.
func setWithProperType(t reflect.Type, key *Key, field reflect.Value, delim string) error {
switch t.Kind() {
case reflect.String:
if len(key.String()) == 0 {
return nil
}
field.SetString(key.String())
case reflect.Bool:
boolVal, err := key.Bool()
if err != nil {
return nil
}
field.SetBool(boolVal)
case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
durationVal, err := key.Duration()
// Skip zero value
if err == nil && int(durationVal) > 0 {
field.Set(reflect.ValueOf(durationVal))
return nil
}
intVal, err := key.Int64()
if err != nil || intVal == 0 {
return nil
}
field.SetInt(intVal)
// byte is an alias for uint8, so supporting uint8 breaks support for byte
case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
durationVal, err := key.Duration()
if err == nil {
field.Set(reflect.ValueOf(durationVal))
return nil
}
uintVal, err := key.Uint64()
if err != nil {
return nil
}
field.SetUint(uintVal)
case reflect.Float64:
floatVal, err := key.Float64()
if err != nil {
return nil
}
field.SetFloat(floatVal)
case reflectTime:
timeVal, err := key.Time()
if err != nil {
return nil
}
field.Set(reflect.ValueOf(timeVal))
case reflect.Slice:
vals := key.Strings(delim)
numVals := len(vals)
if numVals == 0 {
return nil
}
sliceOf := field.Type().Elem().Kind()
var times []time.Time
if sliceOf == reflectTime {
times = key.Times(delim)
}
slice := reflect.MakeSlice(field.Type(), numVals, numVals)
for i := 0; i < numVals; i++ {
switch sliceOf {
case reflectTime:
slice.Index(i).Set(reflect.ValueOf(times[i]))
default:
slice.Index(i).Set(reflect.ValueOf(vals[i]))
}
}
field.Set(slice)
default:
return fmt.Errorf("unsupported type '%s'", t)
}
return nil
}
func (s *Section) mapTo(val reflect.Value) error {
if val.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
val = val.Elem()
}
typ := val.Type()
for i := 0; i < typ.NumField(); i++ {
field := val.Field(i)
tpField := typ.Field(i)
tag := tpField.Tag.Get("ini")
if tag == "-" {
continue
}
fieldName := s.parseFieldName(tpField.Name, tag)
if len(fieldName) == 0 || !field.CanSet() {
continue
}
isAnonymous := tpField.Type.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && tpField.Anonymous
isStruct := tpField.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct
if isAnonymous {
field.Set(reflect.New(tpField.Type.Elem()))
}
if isAnonymous || isStruct {
if sec, err := s.f.GetSection(fieldName); err == nil {
if err = sec.mapTo(field); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("error mapping field(%s): %v", fieldName, err)
}
continue
}
}
if key, err := s.GetKey(fieldName); err == nil {
if err = setWithProperType(tpField.Type, key, field, parseDelim(tpField.Tag.Get("delim"))); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("error mapping field(%s): %v", fieldName, err)
}
}
}
return nil
}
// MapTo maps section to given struct.
func (s *Section) MapTo(v interface{}) error {
typ := reflect.TypeOf(v)
val := reflect.ValueOf(v)
if typ.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
typ = typ.Elem()
val = val.Elem()
} else {
return errors.New("cannot map to non-pointer struct")
}
return s.mapTo(val)
}
// MapTo maps file to given struct.
func (f *File) MapTo(v interface{}) error {
return f.Section("").MapTo(v)
}
// MapTo maps data sources to given struct with name mapper.
func MapToWithMapper(v interface{}, mapper NameMapper, source interface{}, others ...interface{}) error {
cfg, err := Load(source, others...)
if err != nil {
return err
}
cfg.NameMapper = mapper
return cfg.MapTo(v)
}
// MapTo maps data sources to given struct.
func MapTo(v, source interface{}, others ...interface{}) error {
return MapToWithMapper(v, nil, source, others...)
}
// reflectWithProperType does the opposite thing with setWithProperType.
func reflectWithProperType(t reflect.Type, key *Key, field reflect.Value, delim string) error {
switch t.Kind() {
case reflect.String:
key.SetValue(field.String())
case reflect.Bool,
reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64,
reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64,
reflect.Float64,
reflectTime:
key.SetValue(fmt.Sprint(field))
case reflect.Slice:
vals := field.Slice(0, field.Len())
if field.Len() == 0 {
return nil
}
var buf bytes.Buffer
isTime := fmt.Sprint(field.Type()) == "[]time.Time"
for i := 0; i < field.Len(); i++ {
if isTime {
buf.WriteString(vals.Index(i).Interface().(time.Time).Format(time.RFC3339))
} else {
buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprint(vals.Index(i)))
}
buf.WriteString(delim)
}
key.SetValue(buf.String()[:buf.Len()-1])
default:
return fmt.Errorf("unsupported type '%s'", t)
}
return nil
}
func (s *Section) reflectFrom(val reflect.Value) error {
if val.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
val = val.Elem()
}
typ := val.Type()
for i := 0; i < typ.NumField(); i++ {
field := val.Field(i)
tpField := typ.Field(i)
tag := tpField.Tag.Get("ini")
if tag == "-" {
continue
}
fieldName := s.parseFieldName(tpField.Name, tag)
if len(fieldName) == 0 || !field.CanSet() {
continue
}
if (tpField.Type.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && tpField.Anonymous) ||
(tpField.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct) {
// Note: The only error here is section doesn't exist.
sec, err := s.f.GetSection(fieldName)
if err != nil {
// Note: fieldName can never be empty here, ignore error.
sec, _ = s.f.NewSection(fieldName)
}
if err = sec.reflectFrom(field); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("error reflecting field(%s): %v", fieldName, err)
}
continue
}
// Note: Same reason as secion.
key, err := s.GetKey(fieldName)
if err != nil {
key, _ = s.NewKey(fieldName, "")
}
if err = reflectWithProperType(tpField.Type, key, field, parseDelim(tpField.Tag.Get("delim"))); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("error reflecting field(%s): %v", fieldName, err)
}
}
return nil
}
// ReflectFrom reflects secion from given struct.
func (s *Section) ReflectFrom(v interface{}) error {
typ := reflect.TypeOf(v)
val := reflect.ValueOf(v)
if typ.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
typ = typ.Elem()
val = val.Elem()
} else {
return errors.New("cannot reflect from non-pointer struct")
}
return s.reflectFrom(val)
}
// ReflectFrom reflects file from given struct.
func (f *File) ReflectFrom(v interface{}) error {
return f.Section("").ReflectFrom(v)
}
// ReflectFrom reflects data sources from given struct with name mapper.
func ReflectFromWithMapper(cfg *File, v interface{}, mapper NameMapper) error {
cfg.NameMapper = mapper
return cfg.ReflectFrom(v)
}
// ReflectFrom reflects data sources from given struct.
func ReflectFrom(cfg *File, v interface{}) error {
return ReflectFromWithMapper(cfg, v, nil)
}