Improve ZIP filesystem and change its prefix

The ZIP filesystem has a breaking change. You now need to use /zip/ to
open() / opendir() / etc. assets within the ZIP structure of your APE
binary, instead of the previous convention of using zip: or zip! URIs.
This is needed because Python likes to use absolute paths, and having
ZIP paths encoded like URIs simply broke too many things.

Many more system calls have been updated to be able to operate on ZIP
files and file descriptors. In particular fcntl() and ioctl() since
Python would do things like ask if a ZIP file is a terminal and get
confused when the old implementation mistakenly said yes, because the
fastest way to guarantee native file descriptors is to dup(2). This
change also improves the async signal safety of zipos and ensures it
doesn't maintain any open file descriptors beyond that which the user
has opened.

This change makes a lot of progress towards adding magic numbers that
are specific to platforms other than Linux. The philosophy here is that,
if you use an operating system like FreeBSD, then you should be able to
take advantage of FreeBSD exclusive features, even if we don't polyfill
them on other platforms. For example, you can now open() a file with the
O_VERIFY flag. If your program runs on other platforms, then Cosmo will
automatically set O_VERIFY to zero. This lets you safely use it without
the need for #ifdef or ifstatements which detract from readability.

One of the blindspots of the ASAN memory hardening we use to offer Rust
like assurances has always been that memory passed to the kernel via
system calls (e.g. writev) can't be checked automatically since the
kernel wasn't built with MODE=asan. This change makes more progress
ensuring that each system call will verify the soundness of memory
before it's passed to the kernel. The code for doing these checks is
fast, particularly for buffers, where it can verify 64 bytes a cycle.

- Correct O_LOOP definition on NT
- Introduce program_executable_name
- Add ASAN guards to more system calls
- Improve termios compatibility with BSDs
- Fix bug in Windows auxiliary value encoding
- Add BSD and XNU specific errnos and open flags
- Add check to ensure build doesn't talk to internet

libc/calls/internal.h

@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@ i32 __sys_openat(i32, const char *, i32, u32) hidden;
 i32 __sys_pipe2(i32[hasatleast 2], u32) hidden;
 i32 __sys_utimensat(i32, const char *, const struct timespec *, i32) hidden;
 i32 __sys_wait4(i32, i32 *, i32, struct rusage *) hidden;
-i32 getdents(i32, void *, u32, i64 *) hidden;
 i32 sys_chdir(const char *) hidden;
 i32 sys_clock_gettime(i32, struct timespec *) hidden;
 i32 sys_close(i32) hidden;
@@ -232,6 +231,7 @@ int gethostname_bsd(char *, size_t) hidden;
 int gethostname_nt(char *, size_t) hidden;
 size_t __iovec_size(const struct iovec *, size_t) hidden;
 void __rusage2linux(struct rusage *) hidden;
+int __notziposat(int, const char *);
 ssize_t WritevUninterruptible(int, struct iovec *, int);
 void flock2cosmo(uintptr_t);
 void cosmo2flock(uintptr_t);
@@ -264,14 +264,14 @@ int sys_fdatasync_nt(int) hidden;
 int sys_flock_nt(int, int) hidden;
 int sys_fork_nt(void) hidden;
 int sys_fstat_nt(i64, struct stat *) hidden;
-int sys_fstatat_nt(int, const char *, struct stat *, uint32_t) hidden;
+int sys_fstatat_nt(int, const char *, struct stat *, int) hidden;
 int sys_ftruncate_nt(i64, u64) hidden;
 int sys_getppid_nt(void) hidden;
 int sys_getpriority_nt(int) hidden;
 int sys_getrusage_nt(int, struct rusage *) hidden;
 int sys_gettimeofday_nt(struct timeval *, struct timezone *) hidden;
 int sys_kill_nt(int, int) hidden;
-int sys_link_nt(const char *, const char *) hidden;
+int sys_linkat_nt(int, const char *, int, const char *) hidden;
 int sys_lstat_nt(const char *, struct stat *) hidden;
 int sys_madvise_nt(void *, size_t, int) hidden;
 int sys_mkdirat_nt(int, const char *, uint32_t) hidden;
@@ -287,12 +287,12 @@ int sys_sync_nt(void) hidden;
 int sys_sysinfo_nt(struct sysinfo *) hidden;
 int sys_truncate_nt(const char *, u64) hidden;
 int sys_unlinkat_nt(int, const char *, int) hidden;
-int sys_utimes_nt(const char *, const struct timeval[2]) hidden;
 int sys_utimensat_nt(int, const char *, const struct timespec *, int) hidden;
+int sys_utimes_nt(const char *, const struct timeval[2]) hidden;
 ssize_t sys_open_nt(int, const char *, u32, i32) nodiscard hidden;
 ssize_t sys_read_nt(struct Fd *, const struct iovec *, size_t, ssize_t) hidden;
-ssize_t sys_write_nt(struct Fd *, const struct iovec *, size_t, ssize_t) hidden;
 ssize_t sys_readlinkat_nt(int, const char *, char *, size_t) hidden;
+ssize_t sys_write_nt(struct Fd *, const struct iovec *, size_t, ssize_t) hidden;
 
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 │ cosmopolitan § syscalls » windows nt » support                           ─╬─│┼