Add IPv6 support to getifaddrs() on Linux (#1415)

Saves and restores mtimes to a file, also covering the `o/` directory to
hopefully preserve make dependency information better.

.gitattributes

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
 # -*- conf -*-
 *.gz                         binary
-/build/bootstrap/*.com       binary
+*.so                         binary
+*.dll                        binary
+*.dylib                      binary
+/build/bootstrap/*           binary
+/usr/share/terminfo/*        binary
+/usr/share/terminfo/*/*      binary
 /usr/share/zoneinfo/*        binary
+/usr/share/zoneinfo/*/*      binary

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 name: build
 
+env:
+  COSMOCC_VERSION: 3.9.2
+
 on:
   push:
     branches:
@@ -19,13 +22,48 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         mode: ["", tiny, rel, tinylinux, optlinux]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          # Full checkout needed for git-restore-mtime-bare.
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      # TODO(jart): fork this action.
+      - uses: chetan/git-restore-mtime-action@v2
+
+      - uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        id: cache
+        with:
+          path: |
+            .cosmocc
+            o
+          key: ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-${{ matrix.mode }}-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-${{ matrix.mode }}-
+            ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-
+
+      - name: Restore mtimes
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
+        run: |
+          while read mtime file; do
+            [ -f "$file" ] && touch -d "@$mtime" "$file"
+          done < o/.mtimes
 
       - name: support ape bins 1
-        run: sudo cp build/bootstrap/ape.elf /usr/bin/ape
+        run: sudo cp -a build/bootstrap/ape.elf /usr/bin/ape
 
       - name: support ape bins 2
         run: sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
 
       - name: make matrix
         run: V=0 make -j2 MODE=${{ matrix.mode }}
+
+      - name: Save mtimes
+        run: |
+          find o -type f -exec stat -c "%Y %n" {} \; > o/.mtimes
+
+      - uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            .cosmocc
+            o
+          key: ${{ env.COSMOCC_VERSION }}-${{ matrix.mode }}-${{ github.sha }}

.gitignore

@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@ __pycache__
 /tool/emacs/*.elc
 /perf.data
 /perf.data.old
+/qemu*core

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "C_Cpp.default.compilerPath": ".cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/aarch64-linux-cosmo-c++",
+    "C_Cpp.default.compilerArgs": [
+        "-nostdinc",
+        "-nostdlib",
+        "-iquote.",
+        "-isystemlibc/isystem",
+        "-isystemthird_party/libcxx",
+        "-includelibc/integral/normalize.inc",
+        "-D_COSMO_SOURCE",
+        "-D__aarch64__"
+    ],
+    "[c]": {
+        "editor.tabSize": 2,
+        "editor.insertSpaces": true
+    },
+    "[cpp]": {
+        "editor.tabSize": 2,
+        "editor.insertSpaces": true
+    },
+    "[makefile]": {
+        "editor.tabSize": 8,
+        "editor.insertSpaces": false
+    },
+    "[make]": {
+        "editor.tabSize": 8,
+        "editor.insertSpaces": false
+    },
+    "[assembly]": {
+        "editor.tabSize": 8,
+        "editor.insertSpaces": true
+    },
+    "files.associations": {
+        "log.h": "c"
+    }
+}

Makefile

@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ COMMA := ,
 PWD := $(shell pwd)
 
 # detect wsl2 running cosmopolitan binaries on the host by checking whether:
-# - user ran build/bootstrap/make, in which case make's working directory is in wsl
+# - user ran .cosmocc/current/bin/make, in which case make's working directory
+#   is in wsl
 # - user ran make, in which case cocmd's working directory is in wsl
 ifneq ($(findstring //wsl.localhost/,$(CURDIR) $(PWD)),)
 $(warning wsl2 interop is enabled)
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
 
 # apple still distributes a 17 year old version of gnu make
 ifeq ($(MAKE_VERSION), 3.81)
-$(error please use build/bootstrap/make)
+$(error please use https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/make)
 endif
 
 LC_ALL = C
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ ARCH = aarch64
 HOSTS ?= pi pi5 studio freebsdarm
 else
 ARCH = x86_64
-HOSTS ?= freebsd rhel7 xnu openbsd netbsd win10
+HOSTS ?= freebsd rhel7 xnu openbsd netbsd win10 luna
 endif
 
 ZIPOBJ_FLAGS += -a$(ARCH)
@@ -147,10 +148,10 @@ export MODE
 export SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
 export TMPDIR
 
-COSMOCC = .cosmocc/3.6.2
+COSMOCC = .cosmocc/3.9.2
 BOOTSTRAP = $(COSMOCC)/bin
 TOOLCHAIN = $(COSMOCC)/bin/$(ARCH)-linux-cosmo-
-DOWNLOAD := $(shell build/download-cosmocc.sh $(COSMOCC) 3.6.2 268aa82d9bfd774f76951b250f87b8edcefd5c754b8b409e1639641e8bd8d5bc)
+DOWNLOAD := $(shell build/download-cosmocc.sh $(COSMOCC) 3.9.2 f4ff13af65fcd309f3f1cfd04275996fb7f72a4897726628a8c9cf732e850193)
 
 IGNORE := $(shell $(MKDIR) $(TMPDIR))
 
@@ -274,10 +275,16 @@ include libc/BUILD.mk				#─┘
 include libc/sock/BUILD.mk			#─┐
 include net/http/BUILD.mk			# ├──ONLINE RUNTIME
 include third_party/musl/BUILD.mk		# │  You can communicate with the network
+include third_party/regex/BUILD.mk		# │
+include third_party/tr/BUILD.mk			# │
+include third_party/sed/BUILD.mk		# │
+include libc/system/BUILD.mk			# │
 include libc/x/BUILD.mk				# │
 include dsp/scale/BUILD.mk			# │
 include dsp/mpeg/BUILD.mk			# │
 include dsp/tty/BUILD.mk			# │
+include dsp/audio/BUILD.mk			# │
+include dsp/prog/BUILD.mk			# │
 include dsp/BUILD.mk				# │
 include third_party/stb/BUILD.mk		# │
 include third_party/mbedtls/BUILD.mk		# │
@@ -291,8 +298,7 @@ include third_party/libcxx/BUILD.mk		# │
 include third_party/openmp/BUILD.mk		# │
 include third_party/pcre/BUILD.mk		# │
 include third_party/less/BUILD.mk		# │
-include net/https/BUILD.mk			# │
-include third_party/regex/BUILD.mk		#─┘
+include net/https/BUILD.mk			#─┘
 include third_party/tidy/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/nsync/testing/BUILD.mk
@@ -311,8 +317,6 @@ include third_party/double-conversion/test/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/lua/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/tree/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/zstd/BUILD.mk
-include third_party/tr/BUILD.mk
-include third_party/sed/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/awk/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/hiredis/BUILD.mk
 include third_party/make/BUILD.mk
@@ -365,6 +369,7 @@ include test/libc/fmt/BUILD.mk
 include test/libc/time/BUILD.mk
 include test/libc/proc/BUILD.mk
 include test/libc/stdio/BUILD.mk
+include test/libc/system/BUILD.mk
 include test/libc/BUILD.mk
 include test/net/http/BUILD.mk
 include test/net/https/BUILD.mk
@@ -428,68 +433,71 @@ HTAGS:	o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt $(filter-out third_party/libcxx/%,$(HDRS)) #o/$(MO
 
 loc: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 loc: o/$(MODE)/tool/build/summy
-	find -name \*.h -or -name \*.c -or -name \*.S | \
+	find -name \*.h -or -name \*.hpp -or -name \*.c -or -name \*.cc -or -name \*.cpp -or -name \*.S -or -name \*.mk | \
 	$(XARGS) wc -l | grep total | awk '{print $$1}' | $<
 
-# PLEASE: MAINTAIN TOPOLOGICAL ORDER
-# FROM HIGHEST LEVEL TO LOWEST LEVEL
-COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =			\
+COSMOPOLITAN =				\
 	CTL				\
-	THIRD_PARTY_DOUBLECONVERSION	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_OPENMP		\
-	TOOL_ARGS			\
-	NET_HTTP			\
-	LIBC_SOCK			\
-	LIBC_NT_WS2_32			\
-	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI		\
-	LIBC_X				\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT		\
+	DSP_AUDIO			\
+	LIBC_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_DLOPEN			\
+	LIBC_ELF			\
+	LIBC_FMT			\
+	LIBC_INTRIN			\
+	LIBC_IRQ			\
 	LIBC_LOG			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_TZ			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB_GZ		\
+	LIBC_MEM			\
+	LIBC_NEXGEN32E			\
+	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32		\
+	LIBC_NT_BCRYPTPRIMITIVES	\
+	LIBC_NT_COMDLG32		\
+	LIBC_NT_GDI32			\
+	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI		\
+	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32		\
+	LIBC_NT_NTDLL			\
+	LIBC_NT_PDH			\
+	LIBC_NT_POWRPROF		\
+	LIBC_NT_PSAPI			\
+	LIBC_NT_REALTIME		\
+	LIBC_NT_SHELL32			\
+	LIBC_NT_SYNCHRONIZATION		\
+	LIBC_NT_USER32			\
+	LIBC_NT_WS2_32			\
+	LIBC_PROC			\
+	LIBC_RUNTIME			\
+	LIBC_SOCK			\
+	LIBC_STDIO			\
+	LIBC_STR			\
+	LIBC_SYSTEM			\
+	LIBC_SYSV			\
+	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_THREAD			\
+	LIBC_TINYMATH			\
+	LIBC_VGA			\
+	LIBC_X				\
+	NET_HTTP			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DOUBLECONVERSION	\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXXABI		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LIBUNWIND		\
-	LIBC_STDIO			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX		\
-	LIBC_THREAD			\
-	LIBC_PROC			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MEM		\
-	LIBC_MEM			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC		\
-	LIBC_DLOPEN			\
-	LIBC_RUNTIME			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC		\
-	LIBC_ELF			\
-	LIBC_IRQ			\
-	LIBC_CALLS			\
-	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS			\
-	LIBC_VGA			\
-	LIBC_NT_PSAPI			\
-	LIBC_NT_POWRPROF		\
-	LIBC_NT_PDH			\
-	LIBC_NT_GDI32			\
-	LIBC_NT_COMDLG32		\
-	LIBC_NT_USER32			\
-	LIBC_NT_NTDLL			\
-	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32		\
-	LIBC_NT_SYNCHRONIZATION		\
-	LIBC_FMT			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MEM		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_OPENMP		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_PUFF		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT		\
-	LIBC_TINYMATH			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_TZ			\
 	THIRD_PARTY_XED			\
-	LIBC_STR			\
-	LIBC_SYSV			\
-	LIBC_INTRIN			\
-	LIBC_NT_BCRYPTPRIMITIVES	\
-	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32		\
-	LIBC_NEXGEN32E
+	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB_GZ		\
+	TOOL_ARGS			\
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_H_PKGS =			\
 	APE				\
+	DSP_AUDIO			\
 	LIBC				\
 	LIBC_CALLS			\
 	LIBC_ELF			\
@@ -533,7 +541,7 @@ COSMOCC_PKGS =				\
 	THIRD_PARTY_INTEL
 
 o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a:		\
-		$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_A_OBJS))
+		$(call reverse,$(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN),$($(x)))))
 
 COSMOCC_HDRS =								\
 	$(wildcard libc/integral/*)					\

README.md

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
 [![build](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/actions/workflows/build.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/actions/workflows/build.yml)
 # Cosmopolitan
 
-[Cosmopolitan Libc](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/index.html) makes C
+[Cosmopolitan Libc](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/index.html) makes C/C++
 a build-once run-anywhere language, like Java, except it doesn't need an
 interpreter or virtual machine. Instead, it reconfigures stock GCC and
 Clang to output a POSIX-approved polyglot format that runs natively on
-Linux + Mac + Windows + FreeBSD + OpenBSD + NetBSD + BIOS with the best
-possible performance and the tiniest footprint imaginable.
+Linux + Mac + Windows + FreeBSD + OpenBSD 7.3 + NetBSD + BIOS with the
+best possible performance and the tiniest footprint imaginable.
 
 ## Background
 
@@ -87,15 +87,22 @@ ape/apeinstall.sh
 ```
 
 You can now build the mono repo with any modern version of GNU Make. To
-make life easier, we've included one in the cosmocc toolchain, which is
-guaranteed to be compatible and furthermore includes our extensions for
-doing build system sandboxing.
+bootstrap your build, you can install Cosmopolitan Make from this site:
+
+https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/make
+
+E.g.:
 
 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make -j8
+curl -LO https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/make
+./make -j8
 o//examples/hello
 ```
 
+After you've built the repo once, you can also use the make from your
+cosmocc at `.cosmocc/current/bin/make`. You might even prefer to alias
+make to `$COSMO/.cosmocc/current/bin/make`.
+
 Since the Cosmopolitan repository is very large, you might only want to
 build one particular thing. Here's an example of a target that can be
 compiled relatively quickly, which is a simple POSIX test that only
@@ -103,7 +110,7 @@ depends on core LIBC packages.
 
 ```sh
 rm -rf o//libc o//test
-build/bootstrap/make o//test/posix/signal_test
+.cosmocc/current/bin/make o//test/posix/signal_test
 o//test/posix/signal_test
 ```
 
@@ -112,21 +119,21 @@ list out each individual one. For example if you wanted to build and run
 all the unit tests in the `TEST_POSIX` package, you could say:
 
 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make o//test/posix
+.cosmocc/current/bin/make o//test/posix
 ```
 
 Cosmopolitan provides a variety of build modes. For example, if you want
 really tiny binaries (as small as 12kb in size) then you'd say:
 
 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make m=tiny
+.cosmocc/current/bin/make m=tiny
 ```
 
 You can furthermore cut out the bloat of other operating systems, and
 have Cosmopolitan become much more similar to Musl Libc.
 
 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make m=tinylinux
+.cosmocc/current/bin/make m=tinylinux
 ```
 
 For further details, see [//build/config.mk](build/config.mk).
@@ -249,7 +256,7 @@ server. You're welcome to join us! <https://discord.gg/FwAVVu7eJ4>
 | Linux          | 2.6.18         | 2007  |
 | Windows        | 8 [1]          | 2012  |
 | Darwin (macOS) | 23.1.0+        | 2023  |
-| OpenBSD        | 7           | 2021  |
+| OpenBSD        | 7.3 or earlier | 2023  |
 | FreeBSD        | 13             | 2020  |
 | NetBSD         | 9.2            | 2021  |
 

ape/aarch64.lds

@@ -103,10 +103,8 @@ SECTIONS {
     *(.eh_frame_entry .eh_frame_entry.*)
   }
 
-  .eh_frame : ONLY_IF_RO {
-    KEEP(*(.eh_frame))
-    *(.eh_frame.*)
-  }
+  __eh_frame_hdr_start = SIZEOF(.eh_frame_hdr) > 0 ? ADDR(.eh_frame_hdr) : 0;
+  __eh_frame_hdr_end = SIZEOF(.eh_frame_hdr) > 0 ? . : 0;
 
   .gcc_except_table : ONLY_IF_RO {
     *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*)
@@ -127,9 +125,11 @@ SECTIONS {
   . += CONSTANT(MAXPAGESIZE);
   . = DATA_SEGMENT_ALIGN(CONSTANT(MAXPAGESIZE), CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE));
 
-  .eh_frame : ONLY_IF_RW {
+  .eh_frame : {
+    __eh_frame_start = .;
     KEEP(*(.eh_frame))
     *(.eh_frame.*)
+    __eh_frame_end = .;
   }
 
   .gnu_extab : ONLY_IF_RW {
@@ -259,6 +259,9 @@ SECTIONS {
   .debug_ranges       0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
   .debug_macro        0 : { *(.debug_macro) }
   .debug_addr         0 : { *(.debug_addr) }
+  .debug_names        0 : { *(.debug_names) }
+  .debug_loclists     0 : { *(.debug_loclists) }
+  .debug_str_offsets  0 : { *(.debug_str_offsets) }
   .ARM.attributes     0 : { KEEP(*(.ARM.attributes)) KEEP(*(.gnu.attributes)) }
   .note.gnu.arm.ident 0 : { KEEP(*(.note.gnu.arm.ident)) }
 

ape/ape-m1.c

@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#ifndef __APPLE__
+#error "ape/ape-m1.c is for apple silicon. chances you want ape/loader.c"
+#endif
+#ifndef __aarch64__
+#error "ape/ape-m1.c is for apple silicon; you want: make o//ape/ape.macho"
+#endif
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
 #include <dlfcn.h>

ape/ape.lds

@@ -329,6 +329,10 @@ SECTIONS {
     *(.ubsan.types)
     *(.ubsan.data)
 
+    __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual = .;
+    *(.eh_frame_hdr)
+    __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual = .;
+
     /* Legal Notices */
     __notices = .;
     KEEP(*(.notice))
@@ -382,6 +386,13 @@ SECTIONS {
     _tbss_end = .;
   } :Tls
 
+  .eh_frame : {
+    __eh_frame_start = .;
+    KEEP(*(.eh_frame))
+    *(.eh_frame.*)
+    __eh_frame_end = .;
+  } :Ram
+
   .data . : {
 /*BEGIN: Read/Write Data */
 #if SupportsWindows()
@@ -430,7 +441,6 @@ SECTIONS {
     KEEP(*(.piro.pad.data))
     *(.igot.plt)
     KEEP(*(.dataepilogue))
-
     . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE) : 0);
 /*END: NT FORK COPYING */
     _edata = .;
@@ -510,6 +520,9 @@ SECTIONS {
   .debug_rnglists    0 : { *(.debug_rnglists) }
   .debug_macro       0 : { *(.debug_macro) }
   .debug_addr        0 : { *(.debug_addr) }
+  .debug_names       0 : { *(.debug_names) }
+  .debug_loclists    0 : { *(.debug_loclists) }
+  .debug_str_offsets 0 : { *(.debug_str_offsets) }
   .gnu.attributes    0 : { KEEP(*(.gnu.attributes)) }
   .GCC.command.line  0 : { *(.GCC.command.line) }
 
@@ -573,11 +586,11 @@ ape_rom_memsz = ape_rom_filesz;
 ape_rom_align = CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE);
 ape_rom_rva = RVA(ape_rom_vaddr);
 
-ape_ram_vaddr = ADDR(.data);
+ape_ram_vaddr = ADDR(.eh_frame);
 ape_ram_offset = ape_ram_vaddr - __executable_start;
-ape_ram_paddr = LOADADDR(.data);
-ape_ram_filesz = ADDR(.bss) - ADDR(.data);
-ape_ram_memsz = _end - ADDR(.data);
+ape_ram_paddr = LOADADDR(.eh_frame);
+ape_ram_filesz = ADDR(.bss) - ADDR(.eh_frame);
+ape_ram_memsz = _end - ADDR(.eh_frame);
 ape_ram_align = CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE);
 ape_ram_rva = RVA(ape_ram_vaddr);
 
@@ -587,7 +600,7 @@ ape_stack_offset = 0;
 ape_stack_vaddr = DEFINED(ape_stack_vaddr) ? ape_stack_vaddr : 0x700000000000;
 ape_stack_paddr = ape_ram_paddr + ape_ram_filesz;
 ape_stack_filesz = 0;
-ape_stack_memsz = DEFINED(ape_stack_memsz) ? ape_stack_memsz : 8 * 1024 * 1024;
+ape_stack_memsz = DEFINED(ape_stack_memsz) ? ape_stack_memsz : 4 * 1024 * 1024;
 
 ape_note_offset = ape_cod_offset + (ape_note - ape_cod_vaddr);
 ape_note_filesz = ape_note_end - ape_note;
@@ -601,6 +614,9 @@ ape_text_memsz = ape_text_filesz;
 ape_text_align = CONSTANT(COMMONPAGESIZE);
 ape_text_rva = RVA(ape_text_vaddr);
 
+__eh_frame_hdr_start = __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual > __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual ? __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual : 0;
+__eh_frame_hdr_end = __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual > __eh_frame_hdr_start_actual ? __eh_frame_hdr_end_actual : 0;
+
 /* we roundup here because xnu wants the file load segments page-aligned */
 /* but we don't want to add the nop padding to the ape program, so we'll */
 /* let ape.S dd read past the end of the file into the wrapping binaries */

ape/apeinstall.sh

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ if [ ! -f ape/loader.c ]; then
   cd "$COSMO" || exit
 fi
 
-if [ -x build/bootstrap/make ]; then
-  MAKE=build/bootstrap/make
+if [ -x .cosmocc/current/bin/make ]; then
+  MAKE=.cosmocc/current/bin/make
 else
   MAKE=make
 fi

build/definitions.mk

@@ -92,10 +92,7 @@ DEFAULT_COPTS ?=							\
 	-fno-gnu-unique							\
 	-fstrict-aliasing						\
 	-fstrict-overflow						\
-	-fno-semantic-interposition					\
-	-fno-dwarf2-cfi-asm						\
-	-fno-unwind-tables						\
-	-fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables
+	-fno-semantic-interposition
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH), x86_64)
 # Microsoft says "[a]ny memory below the stack beyond the red zone
@@ -139,8 +136,6 @@ DEFAULT_CFLAGS =							\
 
 DEFAULT_CXXFLAGS =							\
 	-std=gnu++23							\
-	-fno-rtti							\
-	-fno-exceptions							\
 	-fuse-cxa-atexit						\
 	-Wno-int-in-bool-context					\
 	-Wno-narrowing							\

build/download-cosmocc.sh

@@ -99,3 +99,8 @@ rm -f cosmocc.zip cosmocc.zip.sha256sum
 # commit output directory
 cd "${OLDPWD}" || die
 mv "${OUTPUT_TMP}" "${OUTPUT_DIR}" || die
+
+# update current symlink
+BASE=$(basename "${OUTPUT_DIR}")
+DIR=$(dirname "${OUTPUT_DIR}")
+ln -sfn "$BASE" "$DIR/current"

build/objdump

@@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ if [ -n "$OBJDUMP" ]; then
 fi
 
 find_objdump() {
-  if [ -x .cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump ]; then
-    OBJDUMP=.cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump
-  elif [ -x .cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump ]; then
-    OBJDUMP=.cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump
-  elif [ -x "$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump" ]; then
-    OBJDUMP="$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump"
-  elif [ -x "$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump" ]; then
-    OBJDUMP="$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.6.0/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump"
+  if [ -x .cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump ]; then
+    OBJDUMP=.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump
+  elif [ -x .cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump ]; then
+    OBJDUMP=.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump
+  elif [ -x "$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump" ]; then
+    OBJDUMP="$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-cosmo-objdump"
+  elif [ -x "$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump" ]; then
+    OBJDUMP="$COSMO/.cosmocc/3.9.2/bin/$1-linux-musl-objdump"
   else
     echo "error: toolchain not found (try running 'cosmocc --update' or 'make' in the cosmo monorepo)" >&2
     exit 1

build/run

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ UNAMES=$(uname -s)
 if [ x"$UNAMES" = x"Darwin" ] && [ x"$UNAMEM" = x"arm64" ]; then
   exec ape "$@"
 else
-  exec "$@"
+  exec rusage "$@"
 fi

ctl/conditional.h

@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ struct conditional<false, T, F>
     typedef F type;
 };
 
+template<bool B, typename T, typename F>
+using conditional_t = typename conditional<B, T, F>::type;
+
 } // namespace ctl
 
 #endif // CTL_CONDITIONAL_H_

ctl/is_void.h

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ template<typename _Tp>
 struct is_void : public is_void_<typename ctl::remove_cv<_Tp>::type>::type
 {};
 
+template<typename T>
+inline constexpr bool is_void_v = is_void<T>::value;
+
 } // namespace ctl
 
 #endif // CTL_IS_VOID_H_

ctl/set.h

@@ -241,8 +241,9 @@ class set
       private:
         friend class set;
         node_type* node_;
+        node_type* root_;
 
-        explicit reverse_iterator(node_type* node) : node_(node)
+        explicit reverse_iterator(node_type* node, node_type* root) : node_(node), root_(root)
         {
         }
     };
@@ -347,17 +348,17 @@ class set
 
     reverse_iterator rbegin()
     {
-        return reverse_iterator(rightmost(root_));
+        return reverse_iterator(rightmost(root_), root_);
     }
 
     const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const
     {
-        return const_reverse_iterator(rightmost(root_));
+        return const_reverse_iterator(rightmost(root_), root_);
     }
 
     const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const
     {
-        return const_reverse_iterator(rightmost(root_));
+        return const_reverse_iterator(rightmost(root_), root_);
     }
 
     iterator end() noexcept
@@ -377,17 +378,17 @@ class set
 
     reverse_iterator rend()
     {
-        return reverse_iterator(nullptr);
+        return reverse_iterator(nullptr, root_);
     }
 
     const_reverse_iterator rend() const
     {
-        return const_reverse_iterator(nullptr);
+        return const_reverse_iterator(nullptr, root_);
     }
 
     const_reverse_iterator crend() const
     {
-        return const_reverse_iterator(nullptr);
+        return const_reverse_iterator(nullptr, root_);
     }
 
     void clear() noexcept

ctl/shared_ptr.h

@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+// -*-mode:c++;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-
+// vi: set et ft=cpp ts=4 sts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8 :vi
+#ifndef CTL_SHARED_PTR_H_
+#define CTL_SHARED_PTR_H_
+
+#include "exception.h"
+#include "is_base_of.h"
+#include "is_constructible.h"
+#include "is_convertible.h"
+#include "remove_extent.h"
+#include "unique_ptr.h"
+
+// XXX currently needed to use placement-new syntax (move to cxx.inc?)
+void*
+operator new(size_t, void*) noexcept;
+
+namespace ctl {
+
+class bad_weak_ptr : public exception
+{
+  public:
+    const char* what() const noexcept override
+    {
+        return "ctl::bad_weak_ptr";
+    }
+};
+
+namespace __ {
+
+template<typename T>
+struct ptr_ref
+{
+    using type = T&;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct ptr_ref<void>
+{
+    using type = void;
+};
+
+static inline __attribute__((always_inline)) void
+incref(size_t* r) noexcept
+{
+#ifdef NDEBUG
+    __atomic_fetch_add(r, 1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
+#else
+    ssize_t refs = __atomic_fetch_add(r, 1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
+    if (refs < 0)
+        __builtin_trap();
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline __attribute__((always_inline)) bool
+decref(size_t* r) noexcept
+{
+    if (!__atomic_fetch_sub(r, 1, __ATOMIC_RELEASE)) {
+        __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+class shared_ref
+{
+  public:
+    constexpr shared_ref() noexcept = default;
+    shared_ref(const shared_ref&) = delete;
+    shared_ref& operator=(const shared_ref&) = delete;
+
+    virtual ~shared_ref() = default;
+
+    void keep_shared() noexcept
+    {
+        incref(&shared);
+    }
+
+    void drop_shared() noexcept
+    {
+        if (decref(&shared)) {
+            dispose();
+            drop_weak();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void keep_weak() noexcept
+    {
+        incref(&weak);
+    }
+
+    void drop_weak() noexcept
+    {
+        if (decref(&weak)) {
+            delete this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    size_t use_count() const noexcept
+    {
+        return __atomic_load_n(&shared, __ATOMIC_RELAXED) + 1;
+    }
+
+    size_t weak_count() const noexcept
+    {
+        return __atomic_load_n(&weak, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
+    }
+
+  private:
+    virtual void dispose() noexcept = 0;
+
+    size_t shared = 0;
+    size_t weak = 0;
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename D>
+class shared_pointer : public shared_ref
+{
+  public:
+    static shared_pointer* make(T* const p, D d)
+    {
+        return make(unique_ptr<T, D>(p, move(d)));
+    }
+
+    static shared_pointer* make(unique_ptr<T, D> p)
+    {
+        return new shared_pointer(p.release(), move(p.get_deleter()));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    shared_pointer(T* const p, D d) noexcept : p(p), d(move(d))
+    {
+    }
+
+    void dispose() noexcept override
+    {
+        move(d)(p);
+    }
+
+    T* const p;
+    [[no_unique_address]] D d;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class shared_emplace : public shared_ref
+{
+  public:
+    union
+    {
+        T t;
+    };
+
+    ~shared_emplace() override
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void construct(Args&&... args)
+    {
+        ::new (&t) T(forward<Args>(args)...);
+    }
+
+    static unique_ptr<shared_emplace> make()
+    {
+        return unique_ptr(new shared_emplace());
+    }
+
+  private:
+    explicit constexpr shared_emplace() noexcept
+    {
+    }
+
+    void dispose() noexcept override
+    {
+        t.~T();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename U>
+concept shared_ptr_compatible = is_convertible_v<U*, T*>;
+
+} // namespace __
+
+template<typename T>
+class weak_ptr;
+
+template<typename T>
+class shared_ptr
+{
+  public:
+    using element_type = remove_extent_t<T>;
+    using weak_type = weak_ptr<T>;
+
+    constexpr shared_ptr() noexcept = default;
+    constexpr shared_ptr(nullptr_t) noexcept
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    explicit shared_ptr(U* const p) : shared_ptr(p, default_delete<U>())
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename D>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    shared_ptr(U*, D);
+
+    template<typename U>
+    shared_ptr(const shared_ptr<U>& r, element_type* p) noexcept
+      : p(p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->keep_shared();
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    shared_ptr(shared_ptr<U>&& r, element_type* p) noexcept : p(p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        r.p = nullptr;
+        r.rc = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    shared_ptr(const shared_ptr<U>& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->keep_shared();
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    shared_ptr(shared_ptr<U>&& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        r.p = nullptr;
+        r.rc = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    shared_ptr(const shared_ptr& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->keep_shared();
+    }
+
+    shared_ptr(shared_ptr&& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        r.p = nullptr;
+        r.rc = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    explicit shared_ptr(const weak_ptr<U>& r) : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        if (r.expired()) {
+            throw bad_weak_ptr();
+        }
+        rc->keep_shared();
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename D>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    shared_ptr(unique_ptr<U, D>&& r)
+      : p(r.p), rc(__::shared_pointer<U, D>::make(move(r)))
+    {
+    }
+
+    ~shared_ptr()
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->drop_shared();
+    }
+
+    shared_ptr& operator=(shared_ptr r) noexcept
+    {
+        swap(r);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    shared_ptr& operator=(shared_ptr<U> r) noexcept
+    {
+        shared_ptr<T>(move(r)).swap(*this);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    void reset() noexcept
+    {
+        shared_ptr().swap(*this);
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    void reset(U* const p2)
+    {
+        shared_ptr<T>(p2).swap(*this);
+    }
+
+    template<typename U, typename D>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    void reset(U* const p2, D d)
+    {
+        shared_ptr<T>(p2, d).swap(*this);
+    }
+
+    void swap(shared_ptr& r) noexcept
+    {
+        using ctl::swap;
+        swap(p, r.p);
+        swap(rc, r.rc);
+    }
+
+    element_type* get() const noexcept
+    {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    typename __::ptr_ref<T>::type operator*() const noexcept
+    {
+        if (!p)
+            __builtin_trap();
+        return *p;
+    }
+
+    T* operator->() const noexcept
+    {
+        if (!p)
+            __builtin_trap();
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    long use_count() const noexcept
+    {
+        return rc ? rc->use_count() : 0;
+    }
+
+    explicit operator bool() const noexcept
+    {
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    bool owner_before(const shared_ptr<U>& r) const noexcept
+    {
+        return rc < r.rc;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    bool owner_before(const weak_ptr<U>& r) const noexcept
+    {
+        return rc < r.rc;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class weak_ptr;
+
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class shared_ptr;
+
+    template<typename U, typename... Args>
+    friend shared_ptr<U> make_shared(Args&&... args);
+
+    element_type* p = nullptr;
+    __::shared_ref* rc = nullptr;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class weak_ptr
+{
+  public:
+    using element_type = remove_extent_t<T>;
+
+    constexpr weak_ptr() noexcept = default;
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    weak_ptr(const shared_ptr<U>& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->keep_weak();
+    }
+
+    weak_ptr(const weak_ptr& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->keep_weak();
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    weak_ptr(const weak_ptr<U>& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->keep_weak();
+    }
+
+    weak_ptr(weak_ptr&& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        r.p = nullptr;
+        r.rc = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    weak_ptr(weak_ptr<U>&& r) noexcept : p(r.p), rc(r.rc)
+    {
+        r.p = nullptr;
+        r.rc = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    ~weak_ptr()
+    {
+        if (rc)
+            rc->drop_weak();
+    }
+
+    long use_count() const noexcept
+    {
+        return rc ? rc->use_count() : 0;
+    }
+
+    bool expired() const noexcept
+    {
+        return !use_count();
+    }
+
+    void reset() noexcept
+    {
+        weak_ptr().swap(*this);
+    }
+
+    void swap(weak_ptr& r) noexcept
+    {
+        using ctl::swap;
+        swap(p, r.p);
+        swap(rc, r.rc);
+    }
+
+    weak_ptr& operator=(weak_ptr r) noexcept
+    {
+        swap(r);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+        requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+    weak_ptr& operator=(weak_ptr<U> r) noexcept
+    {
+        weak_ptr<T>(move(r)).swap(*this);
+    }
+
+    shared_ptr<T> lock() const noexcept
+    {
+        if (expired())
+            return nullptr;
+        shared_ptr<T> r;
+        r.p = p;
+        r.rc = rc;
+        if (rc)
+            rc->keep_shared();
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    bool owner_before(const weak_ptr<U>& r) const noexcept
+    {
+        return rc < r.rc;
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    bool owner_before(const shared_ptr<U>& r) const noexcept
+    {
+        return rc < r.rc;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class shared_ptr;
+
+    template<typename U, typename... Args>
+    friend shared_ptr<U> make_shared(Args&&...);
+
+    element_type* p = nullptr;
+    __::shared_ref* rc = nullptr;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class enable_shared_from_this
+{
+  public:
+    shared_ptr<T> shared_from_this()
+    {
+        return shared_ptr<T>(weak_this);
+    }
+    shared_ptr<T const> shared_from_this() const
+    {
+        return shared_ptr<T>(weak_this);
+    }
+
+    weak_ptr<T> weak_from_this()
+    {
+        return weak_this;
+    }
+    weak_ptr<T const> weak_from_this() const
+    {
+        return weak_this;
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    constexpr enable_shared_from_this() noexcept = default;
+    enable_shared_from_this(const enable_shared_from_this& r) noexcept
+    {
+    }
+    ~enable_shared_from_this() = default;
+
+    enable_shared_from_this& operator=(
+      const enable_shared_from_this& r) noexcept
+    {
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    template<typename U, typename... Args>
+    friend shared_ptr<U> make_shared(Args&&...);
+
+    template<typename U>
+    friend class shared_ptr;
+
+    weak_ptr<T> weak_this;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+template<typename U, typename D>
+    requires __::shared_ptr_compatible<T, U>
+shared_ptr<T>::shared_ptr(U* const p, D d)
+  : p(p), rc(__::shared_pointer<U, D>::make(p, move(d)))
+{
+    if constexpr (is_base_of_v<enable_shared_from_this<U>, U>) {
+        p->weak_this = *this;
+    }
+}
+
+// Our make_shared supports passing a weak self reference as the first parameter
+// to your constructor, e.g.:
+//
+//     struct Tree : ctl::weak_self_base
+//     {
+//         ctl::shared_ptr<Tree> l, r;
+//         ctl::weak_ptr<Tree> parent;
+//         Tree(weak_ptr<Tree> const& self, auto&& l2, auto&& r2)
+//           : l(ctl::forward<decltype(l2)>(l2)),
+//             r(ctl::forward<decltype(r2)>(r2))
+//         {
+//             if (l) l->parent = self;
+//             if (r) r->parent = self;
+//         }
+//     };
+//
+//     int main() {
+//         auto t = ctl::make_shared<Tree>(
+//             ctl::make_shared<Tree>(nullptr, nullptr), nullptr);
+//         return t->l->parent.lock().get() == t.get() ? 0 : 1;
+//     }
+//
+// As shown, passing the parameter at object construction time lets you complete
+// object construction without needing a separate Init method. But because we go
+// off spec as far as the STL is concerned, there is a potential ambiguity where
+// you might have a constructor with a weak_ptr first parameter that is intended
+// to be something other than a self-reference. So this feature is opt-in by way
+// of inheriting from the following struct.
+struct weak_self_base
+{};
+
+template<typename T, typename... Args>
+shared_ptr<T>
+make_shared(Args&&... args)
+{
+    unique_ptr rc = __::shared_emplace<T>::make();
+    if constexpr (is_base_of_v<weak_self_base, T> &&
+                  is_constructible_v<T, const weak_ptr<T>&, Args...>) {
+        // A __::shared_ref has a virtual weak reference that is owned by all of
+        // the shared references. We can avoid some unnecessary refcount changes
+        // by "borrowing" that reference and passing it to the constructor, then
+        // promoting it to a shared reference by swapping it with the shared_ptr
+        // that we return.
+        weak_ptr<T> w;
+        w.p = &rc->t;
+        w.rc = rc.get();
+        try {
+            rc->construct(const_cast<const weak_ptr<T>&>(w),
+                          forward<Args>(args)...);
+        } catch (...) {
+            w.p = nullptr;
+            w.rc = nullptr;
+            throw;
+        }
+        rc.release();
+        shared_ptr<T> r;
+        swap(r.p, w.p);
+        swap(r.rc, w.rc);
+        return r;
+    } else {
+        rc->construct(forward<Args>(args)...);
+        shared_ptr<T> r;
+        r.p = &rc->t;
+        r.rc = rc.release();
+        if constexpr (is_base_of_v<enable_shared_from_this<T>, T>) {
+            r->weak_this = r;
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace ctl
+
+#endif // CTL_SHARED_PTR_H_

ctl/string.cc

@@ -383,4 +383,72 @@ string::erase(const size_t pos, size_t count) noexcept
     return *this;
 }
 
+void
+string::append(const ctl::string_view& s, size_t pos, size_t count) noexcept
+{
+    append(s.substr(pos, count));
+}
+
+size_t
+string::find_last_of(char c, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    const char* b = data();
+    size_t n = size();
+    if (pos > n)
+        pos = n;
+    const char* p = (const char*)memrchr(b, c, pos);
+    return p ? p - b : npos;
+}
+
+size_t
+string::find_last_of(ctl::string_view set, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    if (empty() || set.empty())
+        return npos;
+    bool lut[256] = {};
+    for (char c : set)
+        lut[c & 255] = true;
+    const char* b = data();
+    size_t last = size() - 1;
+    if (pos > last)
+        pos = last;
+    for (;;) {
+        if (lut[b[pos] & 255])
+            return pos;
+        if (!pos)
+            return npos;
+        --pos;
+    }
+}
+
+size_t
+string::find_first_of(char c, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    size_t n = size();
+    if (pos >= n)
+        return npos;
+    const char* b = data();
+    const char* p = (const char*)memchr(b + pos, c, n - pos);
+    return p ? p - b : npos;
+}
+
+size_t
+string::find_first_of(ctl::string_view set, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    if (set.empty())
+        return npos;
+    bool lut[256] = {};
+    for (char c : set)
+        lut[c & 255] = true;
+    const char* b = data();
+    size_t n = size();
+    for (;;) {
+        if (pos >= n)
+            return npos;
+        if (lut[b[pos] & 255])
+            return pos;
+        ++pos;
+    }
+}
+
 } // namespace ctl

ctl/string.h

@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ class string
     void append(char, size_t) noexcept;
     void append(unsigned long) noexcept;
     void append(const void*, size_t) noexcept;
+    void append(const ctl::string_view&, size_t, size_t = npos) noexcept;
     string& insert(size_t, ctl::string_view) noexcept;
     string& erase(size_t = 0, size_t = npos) noexcept;
     string substr(size_t = 0, size_t = npos) const noexcept;
@@ -136,6 +137,10 @@ class string
     bool starts_with(ctl::string_view) const noexcept;
     size_t find(char, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
     size_t find(ctl::string_view, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_first_of(char, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_first_of(ctl::string_view, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_last_of(char, size_t = npos) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_last_of(ctl::string_view, size_t = npos) const noexcept;
 
     void swap(string& s) noexcept
     {
@@ -302,7 +307,7 @@ class string
         append(ch);
     }
 
-    void append(const ctl::string_view s) noexcept
+    void append(const ctl::string_view& s) noexcept
     {
         append(s.p, s.n);
     }

ctl/string_view.cc

@@ -108,4 +108,66 @@ string_view::starts_with(const string_view s) const noexcept
     return !memcmp(p, s.p, s.n);
 }
 
+size_t
+string_view::find_last_of(char c, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    const char* b = data();
+    size_t n = size();
+    if (pos > n)
+        pos = n;
+    const char* p = (const char*)memrchr(b, c, pos);
+    return p ? p - b : npos;
+}
+
+size_t
+string_view::find_last_of(ctl::string_view set, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    if (empty() || set.empty())
+        return npos;
+    bool lut[256] = {};
+    for (char c : set)
+        lut[c & 255] = true;
+    const char* b = data();
+    size_t last = size() - 1;
+    if (pos > last)
+        pos = last;
+    for (;;) {
+        if (lut[b[pos] & 255])
+            return pos;
+        if (!pos)
+            return npos;
+        --pos;
+    }
+}
+
+size_t
+string_view::find_first_of(char c, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    size_t n = size();
+    if (pos >= n)
+        return npos;
+    const char* b = data();
+    const char* p = (const char*)memchr(b + pos, c, n - pos);
+    return p ? p - b : npos;
+}
+
+size_t
+string_view::find_first_of(ctl::string_view set, size_t pos) const noexcept
+{
+    if (set.empty())
+        return npos;
+    bool lut[256] = {};
+    for (char c : set)
+        lut[c & 255] = true;
+    const char* b = data();
+    size_t n = size();
+    for (;;) {
+        if (pos >= n)
+            return npos;
+        if (lut[b[pos] & 255])
+            return pos;
+        ++pos;
+    }
+}
+
 } // namespace ctl

ctl/string_view.h

@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ struct string_view
     string_view substr(size_t = 0, size_t = npos) const noexcept;
     size_t find(char, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
     size_t find(string_view, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_first_of(char, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_first_of(ctl::string_view, size_t = 0) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_last_of(char, size_t = npos) const noexcept;
+    size_t find_last_of(ctl::string_view, size_t = npos) const noexcept;
 
     constexpr string_view& operator=(const string_view s) noexcept
     {
@@ -109,12 +113,12 @@ struct string_view
         return p[n - 1];
     }
 
-    constexpr const_iterator begin() noexcept
+    constexpr const_iterator begin() const noexcept
     {
         return p;
     }
 
-    constexpr const_iterator end() noexcept
+    constexpr const_iterator end() const noexcept
     {
         return p + n;
     }

dsp/BUILD.mk

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 #── vi: set noet ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ────────────────────┘
 
 .PHONY:		o/$(MODE)/dsp
-o/$(MODE)/dsp:	o/$(MODE)/dsp/core	\
+o/$(MODE)/dsp:	o/$(MODE)/dsp/audio	\
+		o/$(MODE)/dsp/core	\
 		o/$(MODE)/dsp/mpeg	\
 		o/$(MODE)/dsp/scale	\
+		o/$(MODE)/dsp/prog	\
 		o/$(MODE)/dsp/tty

dsp/audio/BUILD.mk

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#── vi: set noet ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ────────────────────┘
+
+PKGS += DSP_AUDIO
+
+DSP_AUDIO_ARTIFACTS += DSP_AUDIO_A
+DSP_AUDIO = $(DSP_AUDIO_A_DEPS) $(DSP_AUDIO_A)
+DSP_AUDIO_A = o/$(MODE)/dsp/audio/audio.a
+DSP_AUDIO_A_FILES := $(wildcard dsp/audio/*)
+DSP_AUDIO_A_HDRS = $(filter %.h,$(DSP_AUDIO_A_FILES)) dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h
+DSP_AUDIO_A_SRCS = $(filter %.c,$(DSP_AUDIO_A_FILES))
+
+DSP_AUDIO_A_DATA =				\
+	dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/miniaudio.h	\
+	dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.c	\
+	dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h	\
+	dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.dll	\
+
+DSP_AUDIO_A_OBJS =				\
+	$(DSP_AUDIO_A_SRCS:%.c=o/$(MODE)/%.o)	\
+	$(DSP_AUDIO_A_DATA:%=o/$(MODE)/%.zip.o)	\
+
+DSP_AUDIO_A_CHECKS =				\
+	$(DSP_AUDIO_A).pkg			\
+	$(DSP_AUDIO_A_HDRS:%=o/$(MODE)/%.ok)
+
+DSP_AUDIO_A_DIRECTDEPS =			\
+	LIBC_CALLS				\
+	LIBC_DLOPEN				\
+	LIBC_INTRIN				\
+	LIBC_NEXGEN32E				\
+	LIBC_STR				\
+	LIBC_SYSV				\
+	LIBC_PROC				\
+	LIBC_THREAD				\
+
+DSP_AUDIO_A_DEPS :=				\
+	$(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(DSP_AUDIO_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x))))
+
+$(DSP_AUDIO_A):	dsp/audio/			\
+		$(DSP_AUDIO_A).pkg		\
+		$(DSP_AUDIO_A_OBJS)
+
+$(DSP_AUDIO_A).pkg:				\
+		$(DSP_AUDIO_A_OBJS)		\
+		$(foreach x,$(DSP_AUDIO_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)
+
+DSP_AUDIO_LIBS = $(foreach x,$(DSP_AUDIO_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)))
+DSP_AUDIO_SRCS = $(foreach x,$(DSP_AUDIO_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_SRCS))
+DSP_AUDIO_HDRS = $(foreach x,$(DSP_AUDIO_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_HDRS))
+DSP_AUDIO_CHECKS = $(foreach x,$(DSP_AUDIO_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
+DSP_AUDIO_OBJS = $(foreach x,$(DSP_AUDIO_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_OBJS))
+$(DSP_AUDIO_OBJS): $(BUILD_FILES) dsp/audio/BUILD.mk
+
+.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/dsp/audio
+o/$(MODE)/dsp/audio: $(DSP_AUDIO_CHECKS)

dsp/audio/audio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│ vi: set et ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                               :vi │
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2024 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h"
+#include "dsp/audio/describe.h"
+#include "libc/calls/blockcancel.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/dlopen/dlfcn.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/describeflags.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.h"
+#include "libc/limits.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+#include "libc/proc/posix_spawn.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/temp.h"
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
+
+#define COSMOAUDIO_MINIMUM_VERISON 1
+
+#define COSMOAUDIO_DSO_NAME "cosmoaudio." STRINGIFY(COSMOAUDIO_MINIMUM_VERISON)
+
+__static_yoink("dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/miniaudio.h");
+__static_yoink("dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h");
+__static_yoink("dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.c");
+__static_yoink("dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.dll");
+
+static const struct Source {
+  const char *zip;
+  const char *name;
+} srcs[] = {
+    {"/zip/dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/miniaudio.h", "miniaudio.h"},
+    {"/zip/dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h", "cosmoaudio.h"},
+    {"/zip/dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.c", "cosmoaudio.c"},  // must last
+};
+
+static struct {
+  pthread_once_t once;
+  typeof(cosmoaudio_open) *open;
+  typeof(cosmoaudio_close) *close;
+  typeof(cosmoaudio_write) *write;
+  typeof(cosmoaudio_flush) *flush;
+  typeof(cosmoaudio_read) *read;
+  typeof(cosmoaudio_poll) *poll;
+} g_audio;
+
+static const char *cosmoaudio_tmp_dir(void) {
+  const char *tmpdir;
+  if (!(tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR")) || !*tmpdir)
+    if (!(tmpdir = getenv("HOME")) || !*tmpdir)
+      tmpdir = ".";
+  return tmpdir;
+}
+
+static bool cosmoaudio_app_dir(char *path, size_t size) {
+  strlcpy(path, cosmoaudio_tmp_dir(), size);
+  strlcat(path, "/.cosmo/", size);
+  if (makedirs(path, 0755))
+    return false;
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool cosmoaudio_dso_path(char *path, size_t size) {
+  if (!cosmoaudio_app_dir(path, size))
+    return false;
+  strlcat(path, COSMOAUDIO_DSO_NAME, size);
+  if (IsWindows()) {
+    strlcat(path, ".dll", size);
+  } else if (IsXnu()) {
+    strlcat(path, ".dylib", size);
+  } else {
+    strlcat(path, ".so", size);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool cosmoaudio_extract(const char *zip, const char *to) {
+  int fdin, fdout;
+  char stage[PATH_MAX];
+  strlcpy(stage, to, sizeof(stage));
+  if (strlcat(stage, ".XXXXXX", sizeof(stage)) >= sizeof(stage)) {
+    errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if ((fdout = mkostemp(stage, O_CLOEXEC)) == -1)
+    return false;
+  if ((fdin = open(zip, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)) == -1) {
+    close(fdout);
+    unlink(stage);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (copyfd(fdin, fdout, -1) == -1) {
+    close(fdin);
+    close(fdout);
+    unlink(stage);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (close(fdout)) {
+    close(fdin);
+    unlink(stage);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (close(fdin)) {
+    unlink(stage);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (rename(stage, to)) {
+    unlink(stage);
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool cosmoaudio_build(const char *dso) {
+
+  // extract sauce
+  char src[PATH_MAX];
+  for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(srcs) / sizeof(*srcs); ++i) {
+    if (!cosmoaudio_app_dir(src, PATH_MAX))
+      return false;
+    strlcat(src, srcs[i].name, sizeof(src));
+    if (!cosmoaudio_extract(srcs[i].zip, src))
+      return false;
+  }
+
+  // create temporary name for compiled dso
+  // it'll ensure build operation is atomic
+  int fd;
+  char tmpdso[PATH_MAX];
+  strlcpy(tmpdso, dso, sizeof(tmpdso));
+  strlcat(tmpdso, ".XXXXXX", sizeof(tmpdso));
+  if ((fd = mkostemp(tmpdso, O_CLOEXEC)) != -1) {
+    close(fd);
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // build cosmoaudio with host c compiler
+  char *args[] = {
+      "cc",                                       //
+      "-w",                                       //
+      "-I.",                                      //
+      "-O2",                                      //
+      "-fPIC",                                    //
+      "-shared",                                  //
+      "-pthread",                                 //
+      "-DNDEBUG",                                 //
+      IsAarch64() ? "-ffixed-x28" : "-DIGNORE1",  //
+      src,                                        //
+      "-o",                                       //
+      tmpdso,                                     //
+      "-lm",                                      //
+      IsNetbsd() ? 0 : "-ldl",                    //
+      NULL,
+  };
+  int pid, ws;
+  errno_t err = posix_spawnp(&pid, args[0], NULL, NULL, args, environ);
+  if (err)
+    return false;
+  while (waitpid(pid, &ws, 0) == -1)
+    if (errno != EINTR)
+      return false;
+  if (ws)
+    return false;
+
+  // move dso to its final destination
+  if (rename(tmpdso, dso))
+    return false;
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+static void *cosmoaudio_dlopen(const char *name) {
+  void *handle;
+  if ((handle = cosmo_dlopen(name, RTLD_NOW))) {
+    typeof(cosmoaudio_version) *version;
+    if ((version = cosmo_dlsym(handle, "cosmoaudio_version")))
+      if (version() >= COSMOAUDIO_MINIMUM_VERISON)
+        return handle;
+    cosmo_dlclose(handle);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static void cosmoaudio_setup_impl(void) {
+  void *handle;
+  if (IsOpenbsd())
+    return;  // no dlopen support yet
+  if (IsXnu() && !IsXnuSilicon())
+    return;  // no dlopen support yet
+  if (!(handle = cosmoaudio_dlopen(COSMOAUDIO_DSO_NAME ".so")) &&
+      !(handle = cosmoaudio_dlopen("lib" COSMOAUDIO_DSO_NAME ".so")) &&
+      !(handle = cosmoaudio_dlopen("cosmoaudio.so")) &&
+      !(handle = cosmoaudio_dlopen("libcosmoaudio.so"))) {
+    char dso[PATH_MAX];
+    if (!cosmoaudio_dso_path(dso, sizeof(dso)))
+      return;
+    if ((handle = cosmoaudio_dlopen(dso)))
+      goto WeAreGood;
+    if (IsWindows()) {
+      if (cosmoaudio_extract("/zip/dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.dll", dso)) {
+        if ((handle = cosmoaudio_dlopen(dso))) {
+          goto WeAreGood;
+        } else {
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (!cosmoaudio_build(dso))
+      return;
+    if (!(handle = cosmoaudio_dlopen(dso)))
+      return;
+  }
+WeAreGood:
+  g_audio.open = cosmo_dlsym(handle, "cosmoaudio_open");
+  g_audio.close = cosmo_dlsym(handle, "cosmoaudio_close");
+  g_audio.write = cosmo_dlsym(handle, "cosmoaudio_write");
+  g_audio.flush = cosmo_dlsym(handle, "cosmoaudio_flush");
+  g_audio.read = cosmo_dlsym(handle, "cosmoaudio_read");
+  g_audio.poll = cosmo_dlsym(handle, "cosmoaudio_poll");
+}
+
+static void cosmoaudio_setup(void) {
+  BLOCK_CANCELATION;
+  cosmoaudio_setup_impl();
+  ALLOW_CANCELATION;
+}
+
+static void cosmoaudio_init(void) {
+  pthread_once(&g_audio.once, cosmoaudio_setup);
+}
+
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_open(
+    struct CosmoAudio **out_ca, const struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions *options) {
+  int status;
+  char sbuf[32];
+  char dbuf[256];
+  cosmoaudio_init();
+  if (g_audio.open) {
+    BLOCK_SIGNALS;
+    status = g_audio.open(out_ca, options);
+    ALLOW_SIGNALS;
+  } else {
+    status = COSMOAUDIO_ELINK;
+  }
+  STRACE("cosmoaudio_open([%p], %s) → %s",
+         out_ca ? *out_ca : (struct CosmoAudio *)-1,
+         cosmoaudio_describe_open_options(dbuf, sizeof(dbuf), options),
+         cosmoaudio_describe_status(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), status));
+  return status;
+}
+
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_close(struct CosmoAudio *ca) {
+  int status;
+  char sbuf[32];
+  if (g_audio.close) {
+    BLOCK_SIGNALS;
+    status = g_audio.close(ca);
+    ALLOW_SIGNALS;
+  } else {
+    status = COSMOAUDIO_ELINK;
+  }
+  STRACE("cosmoaudio_close(%p) → %s", ca,
+         cosmoaudio_describe_status(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), status));
+  return status;
+}
+
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_write(struct CosmoAudio *ca, const float *data,
+                                    int frames) {
+  int status;
+  char sbuf[32];
+  if (g_audio.write) {
+    BLOCK_SIGNALS;
+    status = g_audio.write(ca, data, frames);
+    ALLOW_SIGNALS;
+  } else {
+    status = COSMOAUDIO_ELINK;
+  }
+  if (frames <= 0 || frames >= 160)
+    DATATRACE("cosmoaudio_write(%p, %p, %d) → %s", ca, data, frames,
+              cosmoaudio_describe_status(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), status));
+  return status;
+}
+
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_read(struct CosmoAudio *ca, float *data,
+                                   int frames) {
+  int status;
+  char sbuf[32];
+  if (g_audio.read) {
+    BLOCK_SIGNALS;
+    status = g_audio.read(ca, data, frames);
+    ALLOW_SIGNALS;
+  } else {
+    status = COSMOAUDIO_ELINK;
+  }
+  if (frames <= 0 || frames >= 160)
+    DATATRACE("cosmoaudio_read(%p, %p, %d) → %s", ca, data, frames,
+              cosmoaudio_describe_status(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), status));
+  return status;
+}
+
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_flush(struct CosmoAudio *ca) {
+  int status;
+  char sbuf[32];
+  if (g_audio.flush) {
+    BLOCK_SIGNALS;
+    status = g_audio.flush(ca);
+    ALLOW_SIGNALS;
+  } else {
+    status = COSMOAUDIO_ELINK;
+  }
+  DATATRACE("cosmoaudio_flush(%p) → %s", ca,
+            cosmoaudio_describe_status(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), status));
+  return status;
+}
+
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_poll(struct CosmoAudio *ca,
+                                   int *in_out_readFrames,
+                                   int *in_out_writeFrames) {
+  int status;
+  char sbuf[32];
+  char fbuf[2][20];
+  if (g_audio.poll) {
+    BLOCK_SIGNALS;
+    status = g_audio.poll(ca, in_out_readFrames, in_out_writeFrames);
+    ALLOW_SIGNALS;
+  } else {
+    status = COSMOAUDIO_ELINK;
+  }
+  DATATRACE("cosmoaudio_poll(%p, %s, %s) → %s", ca,
+            cosmoaudio_describe_poll_frames(fbuf[0], sizeof(fbuf[0]),
+                                            in_out_readFrames),
+            cosmoaudio_describe_poll_frames(fbuf[1], sizeof(fbuf[1]),
+                                            in_out_writeFrames),
+            cosmoaudio_describe_status(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), status));
+  return status;
+}

dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+*.o
+/Debug
+/Release

dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/Makefile.msvc

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# Makefile for MSVC x64 Command Line Developer Tools
+#
+#     nmake /f Makefile.msvc check
+#     nmake /f Makefile.msvc MODE=debug check
+#
+# Note: MSVC 2019 makes the DLL 64kb smaller than MSVC 2022.
+
+# Compiler and linker
+CC=cl
+LINK=link
+
+# Build mode (can be overridden from command line)
+!IFNDEF MODE
+MODE=release
+!ENDIF
+
+# Library dependencies.
+TEST_LIBS=OneCore.lib
+
+# Compiler flags
+CFLAGS_COMMON=/nologo /W4 /Gy /EHsc
+CFLAGS_DEBUG=/Od /Zi /MDd /D_DEBUG
+CFLAGS_RELEASE=/O2 /MT /DNDEBUG
+
+!IF "$(MODE)"=="debug"
+CFLAGS=$(CFLAGS_COMMON) $(CFLAGS_DEBUG)
+LDFLAGS=/DEBUG
+OUT_DIR=Debug
+!ELSE
+CFLAGS=$(CFLAGS_COMMON) $(CFLAGS_RELEASE) /GL
+LDFLAGS=/RELEASE /OPT:REF /OPT:ICF /LTCG /INCREMENTAL:NO
+OUT_DIR=Release
+!ENDIF
+
+# Additional flags for DLL
+DLL_CFLAGS=$(CFLAGS) /D_USRDLL /D_WINDLL
+
+# Linker flags
+LDFLAGS=/NOLOGO /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE $(LDFLAGS)
+
+# Output file names
+DLL_TARGET=$(OUT_DIR)\cosmoaudio.dll
+TEST_TARGET=$(OUT_DIR)\test.exe
+
+# Source files
+DLL_SOURCES=cosmoaudio.c
+TEST_SOURCES=test.c
+
+# Object files
+DLL_OBJECTS=$(OUT_DIR)\cosmoaudio.obj
+TEST_OBJECTS=$(OUT_DIR)\test.obj
+
+# Default target
+all: $(OUT_DIR) $(DLL_TARGET) $(TEST_TARGET)
+
+# Create output directory
+$(OUT_DIR):
+    if not exist $(OUT_DIR) mkdir $(OUT_DIR)
+
+# Rule to build the DLL
+$(DLL_TARGET): $(OUT_DIR) $(DLL_OBJECTS)
+    $(LINK) /DLL $(LDFLAGS) /OUT:$(DLL_TARGET) $(DLL_OBJECTS)
+
+# Rule to build the test program
+$(TEST_TARGET): $(OUT_DIR) $(TEST_OBJECTS) $(DLL_TARGET)
+    $(LINK) $(LDFLAGS) /OUT:$(TEST_TARGET) $(TEST_OBJECTS) $(DLL_TARGET:.dll=.lib) $(TEST_LIBS)
+
+# Rules to compile .c files to .obj files with header dependencies
+{.}.c{$(OUT_DIR)}.obj:
+    $(CC) $(DLL_CFLAGS) /c /Fo$(OUT_DIR)\ $<
+
+$(OUT_DIR)\test.obj: $(OUT_DIR) test.c cosmoaudio.h
+    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) /c /Fo$(OUT_DIR)\ test.c
+
+$(OUT_DIR)\cosmoaudio.obj: $(OUT_DIR) cosmoaudio.c miniaudio.h cosmoaudio.h
+    $(CC) $(DLL_CFLAGS) /c /Fo$(OUT_DIR)\ cosmoaudio.c
+
+# Clean target
+clean:
+    if exist $(OUT_DIR) rmdir /s /q $(OUT_DIR)
+
+# Run tests (now called 'check')
+check: $(TEST_TARGET)
+    $(TEST_TARGET)
+
+# Phony targets
+.PHONY: all clean check

dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+// Copyright 2024 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney
+//
+// Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for
+// any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the
+// above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL
+// WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
+// WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+// DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
+// PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
+// TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+// PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+#define COSMOAUDIO_BUILD
+#include "cosmoaudio.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define MA_DEBUG_OUTPUT
+#define MA_DR_MP3_NO_STDIO
+#define MA_NO_DECODING
+#define MA_NO_ENCODING
+#define MA_NO_ENGINE
+#define MA_NO_GENERATION
+#define MA_NO_NODE_GRAPH
+#define MA_NO_RESOURCE_MANAGER
+#define MA_STATIC
+
+#define MINIAUDIO_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "miniaudio.h"
+
+struct CosmoAudio {
+  enum CosmoAudioDeviceType deviceType;
+  ma_uint32 outputBufferFrames;
+  ma_uint32 inputBufferFrames;
+  int sampleRate;
+  int channels;
+  int isLeft;
+  ma_context context;
+  ma_device device;
+  ma_pcm_rb output;
+  ma_pcm_rb input;
+  ma_event event;
+  ma_log log;
+};
+
+static int read_ring_buffer(ma_log* log, ma_pcm_rb* rb, float* pOutput,
+                            ma_uint32 frameCount, ma_uint32 channels) {
+  ma_result result;
+  ma_uint32 framesRead;
+  ma_uint32 framesToRead;
+  for (framesRead = 0; framesRead < frameCount; framesRead += framesToRead) {
+    framesToRead = frameCount - framesRead;
+    void* pMappedBuffer;
+    result = ma_pcm_rb_acquire_read(rb, &framesToRead, &pMappedBuffer);
+    if (result != MA_SUCCESS) {
+      ma_log_postf(log, MA_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING,
+                   "ma_pcm_rb_acquire_read failed: %s\n",
+                   ma_result_description(result));
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+    }
+    if (!framesToRead)
+      break;
+    memcpy(pOutput + framesRead * channels, pMappedBuffer,
+           framesToRead * channels * sizeof(float));
+    result = ma_pcm_rb_commit_read(rb, framesToRead);
+    if (result != MA_SUCCESS) {
+      if (result == MA_AT_END) {
+        framesRead += framesToRead;
+        break;
+      }
+      ma_log_postf(log, MA_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING,
+                   "ma_pcm_rb_commit_read failed: %s\n",
+                   ma_result_description(result));
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+    }
+  }
+  return framesRead;
+}
+
+static int write_ring_buffer(ma_log* log, ma_pcm_rb* rb, const float* pInput,
+                             ma_uint32 frameCount, ma_uint32 channels) {
+  ma_result result;
+  ma_uint32 framesWritten;
+  ma_uint32 framesToWrite;
+  for (framesWritten = 0; framesWritten < frameCount;
+       framesWritten += framesToWrite) {
+    framesToWrite = frameCount - framesWritten;
+    void* pMappedBuffer;
+    result = ma_pcm_rb_acquire_write(rb, &framesToWrite, &pMappedBuffer);
+    if (result != MA_SUCCESS) {
+      ma_log_postf(log, MA_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING,
+                   "ma_pcm_rb_acquire_write failed: %s\n",
+                   ma_result_description(result));
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+    }
+    if (!framesToWrite)
+      break;
+    memcpy(pMappedBuffer, pInput + framesWritten * channels,
+           framesToWrite * channels * sizeof(float));
+    result = ma_pcm_rb_commit_write(rb, framesToWrite);
+    if (result != MA_SUCCESS) {
+      if (result == MA_AT_END) {
+        framesWritten += framesToWrite;
+        break;
+      }
+      ma_log_postf(log, MA_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING,
+                   "ma_pcm_rb_commit_write failed: %s\n",
+                   ma_result_description(result));
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+    }
+  }
+  return framesWritten;
+}
+
+static void data_callback_f32(ma_device* pDevice, float* pOutput,
+                              const float* pInput, ma_uint32 frameCount) {
+  struct CosmoAudio* ca = (struct CosmoAudio*)pDevice->pUserData;
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback) {
+    //
+    // "By default, miniaudio will pre-silence the data callback's
+    //  output buffer. If you know that you will always write valid data
+    //  to the output buffer you can disable pre-silencing by setting
+    //  the noPreSilence config option in the device config to true."
+    //
+    //          —Quoth miniaudio documentation § 16.1. Low Level API
+    //
+    if (ca->isLeft) {
+      int framesCopied = read_ring_buffer(&ca->log, &ca->output, pOutput,
+                                          frameCount, ca->channels);
+      if (framesCopied < (int)frameCount)
+        ca->isLeft = 0;
+    } else {
+      // TODO(jart): Maybe we should stretch the audio too short?
+      int frameOffset;
+      int availableFrames = ma_pcm_rb_available_read(&ca->output);
+      if (availableFrames >= (int)frameCount) {
+        frameOffset = 0;
+      } else {
+        frameOffset = frameCount - availableFrames;
+        frameCount = availableFrames;
+      }
+      read_ring_buffer(&ca->log, &ca->output,
+                       pOutput + frameOffset * ca->channels, frameCount,
+                       ca->channels);
+      ca->isLeft = 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture)
+    write_ring_buffer(&ca->log, &ca->input, pInput, frameCount, ca->channels);
+  ma_event_signal(&ca->event);
+}
+
+static void data_callback(ma_device* pDevice, void* pOutput, const void* pInput,
+                          ma_uint32 frameCount) {
+  data_callback_f32(pDevice, (float*)pOutput, (const float*)pInput, frameCount);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns current version of cosmo audio library.
+ */
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_version(void) {
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Opens access to speaker and microphone.
+ *
+ * @param out_ca will receive pointer to allocated CosmoAudio object,
+ *     which must be freed by caller with cosmoaudio_close(); if this
+ *     function fails, then this will receive a NULL pointer value so
+ *     that cosmoaudio_close(), cosmoaudio_write() etc. can be called
+ *     without crashing if no error checking is performed
+ * @return 0 on success, or negative error code on failure
+ */
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_open(  //
+    struct CosmoAudio** out_ca,      //
+    const struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions* options) {
+
+  // Validate arguments.
+  if (!out_ca)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  *out_ca = NULL;
+  if (!options)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (options->sizeofThis < (int)sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions))
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (options->bufferFrames < 0)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (options->sampleRate < 8000)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (options->channels < 1)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (!options->deviceType)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (options->deviceType &
+      ~(kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback | kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture))
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+
+  // Allocate cosmo audio object.
+  struct CosmoAudio* ca;
+  ca = (struct CosmoAudio*)calloc(1, sizeof(struct CosmoAudio));
+  if (!ca)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  ca->channels = options->channels;
+  ca->sampleRate = options->sampleRate;
+  ca->deviceType = options->deviceType;
+
+  // Create win32-style condition variable.
+  if (ma_event_init(&ca->event) != MA_SUCCESS) {
+    free(ca);
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  // Create audio log.
+  if (ma_log_init(NULL, &ca->log) != MA_SUCCESS) {
+    ma_event_uninit(&ca->event);
+    free(ca);
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  }
+  if (!options->debugLog)
+    ca->log.callbackCount = 0;
+
+  // Create audio context.
+  ma_context_config contextConfig = ma_context_config_init();
+  contextConfig.pLog = &ca->log;
+  if (ma_context_init(NULL, 0, &contextConfig, &ca->context) != MA_SUCCESS) {
+    ma_event_uninit(&ca->event);
+    ma_log_uninit(&ca->log);
+    free(ca);
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  // Initialize device.
+  ma_result result;
+  ma_device_config deviceConfig;
+  deviceConfig = ma_device_config_init(ca->deviceType);
+  deviceConfig.sampleRate = ca->sampleRate;
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture) {
+    deviceConfig.capture.channels = ca->channels;
+    deviceConfig.capture.format = ma_format_f32;
+    deviceConfig.capture.shareMode = ma_share_mode_shared;
+  }
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback) {
+    deviceConfig.playback.channels = ca->channels;
+    deviceConfig.playback.format = ma_format_f32;
+  }
+  deviceConfig.dataCallback = data_callback;
+  deviceConfig.pUserData = ca;
+  result = ma_device_init(&ca->context, &deviceConfig, &ca->device);
+  if (result != MA_SUCCESS) {
+    ma_context_uninit(&ca->context);
+    ma_event_uninit(&ca->event);
+    ma_log_uninit(&ca->log);
+    free(ca);
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  // Initialize the speaker ring buffer.
+  int period = ca->device.playback.internalPeriodSizeInFrames;
+  if (!options->bufferFrames) {
+    ca->outputBufferFrames = period * 10;
+  } else if (options->bufferFrames < period * 2) {
+    ca->outputBufferFrames = period * 2;
+  } else {
+    ca->outputBufferFrames = options->bufferFrames;
+  }
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback) {
+    result = ma_pcm_rb_init(ma_format_f32, ca->channels, ca->outputBufferFrames,
+                            NULL, NULL, &ca->output);
+    if (result != MA_SUCCESS) {
+      ma_device_uninit(&ca->device);
+      ma_context_uninit(&ca->context);
+      ma_event_uninit(&ca->event);
+      ma_log_uninit(&ca->log);
+      free(ca);
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+    }
+    ma_pcm_rb_set_sample_rate(&ca->output, ca->sampleRate);
+  }
+
+  // Initialize the microphone ring buffer.
+  period = ca->device.capture.internalPeriodSizeInFrames;
+  if (!options->bufferFrames) {
+    ca->inputBufferFrames = period * 10;
+  } else if (options->bufferFrames < period * 2) {
+    ca->inputBufferFrames = period * 2;
+  } else {
+    ca->inputBufferFrames = options->bufferFrames;
+  }
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture) {
+    result = ma_pcm_rb_init(ma_format_f32, ca->channels, ca->inputBufferFrames,
+                            NULL, NULL, &ca->input);
+    if (result != MA_SUCCESS) {
+      ma_device_uninit(&ca->device);
+      if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback)
+        ma_pcm_rb_uninit(&ca->output);
+      ma_context_uninit(&ca->context);
+      ma_event_uninit(&ca->event);
+      ma_log_uninit(&ca->log);
+      free(ca);
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+    }
+    ma_pcm_rb_set_sample_rate(&ca->output, ca->sampleRate);
+  }
+
+  // Start audio playback.
+  if (ma_device_start(&ca->device) != MA_SUCCESS) {
+    ma_device_uninit(&ca->device);
+    if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback)
+      ma_pcm_rb_uninit(&ca->output);
+    if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture)
+      ma_pcm_rb_uninit(&ca->input);
+    ma_context_uninit(&ca->context);
+    ma_event_uninit(&ca->event);
+    ma_log_uninit(&ca->log);
+    free(ca);
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  *out_ca = ca;
+  return COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Closes audio device and frees all associated resources.
+ *
+ * This function is non-blocking and will drop buffered audio. In
+ * playback mode, you need to call cosmoaudio_flush() to ensure data
+ * supplied by cosmoaudio_write() gets played on your speaker.
+ *
+ * Calling this function twice on the same object will result in
+ * undefined behavior. Even if this function fails, the `ca` will be
+ * freed to the greatest extent possible.
+ *
+ * @param ca is CosmoAudio object returned earlier by cosmoaudio_open()
+ * @return 0 on success, or negative error code on failure
+ */
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_close(struct CosmoAudio* ca) {
+  if (!ca)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  ma_device_uninit(&ca->device);  // do this first
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback)
+    ma_pcm_rb_uninit(&ca->output);
+  if (ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture)
+    ma_pcm_rb_uninit(&ca->input);
+  ma_context_uninit(&ca->context);
+  ma_event_uninit(&ca->event);
+  ma_log_uninit(&ca->log);
+  free(ca);
+  return COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Writes raw audio data to speaker.
+ *
+ * The data is written to a ring buffer in real-time, which is then
+ * played back very soon on the audio device. This has tolerence for
+ * a certain amount of buffering, but expects that this function is
+ * repeatedly called at a regular time interval. The caller should
+ * have its own sleep loop for this purpose.
+ *
+ * This function never blocks. Programs that don't have their own timer
+ * can use cosmoaudio_poll() to wait until audio may be written.
+ *
+ * For any given CosmoAudio object, it's assumed that only a single
+ * thread will call this function.
+ *
+ * @param ca is CosmoAudio object returned earlier by cosmoaudio_open()
+ * @param data is pointer to raw audio samples, expected to be in the range
+ *     -1.0 to 1.0, where channels are interleaved
+ * @param frames is the number of frames (i.e. number of samples divided by
+ *     number of channels) from `data` to write to audio device
+ * @return number of frames written, or negative error code on failure
+ */
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_write(struct CosmoAudio* ca, const float* data,
+                                    int frames) {
+  if (!ca)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (frames < 0)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (!(ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback))
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (1u + frames > ca->outputBufferFrames)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ENOBUF;
+  if (!frames)
+    return 0;
+  if (!data)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  return write_ring_buffer(&ca->log, &ca->output, data, frames, ca->channels);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads raw audio data from microphone.
+ *
+ * The data is read from a ring buffer in real-time, which is then
+ * played back on the audio device. This has tolerence for a certain
+ * amount of buffering (based on the `bufferFrames` parameter passed to
+ * cosmoaudio_open(), which by default assumes this function will be
+ * called at at a regular time interval.
+ *
+ * This function never blocks. Programs that don't have their own timer
+ * can use cosmoaudio_poll() to wait until audio may be read.
+ *
+ * For any given CosmoAudio object, it's assumed that only a single
+ * thread will call this function.
+ *
+ * @param ca is CosmoAudio object returned earlier by cosmoaudio_open()
+ * @param data is pointer to raw audio samples, expected to be in the range
+ *     -1.0 to 1.0, where channels are interleaved
+ * @param frames is the number of frames (i.e. number of samples divided by
+ *     number of channels) from `data` to read from microphone
+ * @return number of frames read, or negative error code on failure
+ */
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_read(struct CosmoAudio* ca, float* data,
+                                   int frames) {
+  if (!ca)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (frames < 0)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (!(ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture))
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (!frames)
+    return 0;
+  if (!data)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  return read_ring_buffer(&ca->log, &ca->input, data, frames, ca->channels);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Waits until it's possible to read/write audio.
+ *
+ * This function is uninterruptible. All signals are masked throughout
+ * the duration of time this function may block, including cancelation
+ * signals, because this is not a cancelation point. Cosmopolitan Libc
+ * applies this masking in its dlopen wrapper.
+ *
+ * @param ca is CosmoAudio object returned earlier by cosmoaudio_open()
+ * @param in_out_readFrames if non-NULL specifies how many frames of
+ *     capture data be immediately readable by cosmoaudio_read() before
+ *     this can return; it must not exceed the buffer size; on return
+ *     this will be set to the actual number of frames in the buffer;
+ *     if the caller supplies a zero then this call is a non-blocking
+ *     way to query buffer sizes
+ * @param in_out_writeFrames if non-NULL specifies how many frames of
+ *     capture data be immediately writable by cosmoaudio_write() before
+ *     this can return; it must not exceed the buffer size; on return
+ *     this will be set to the actual number of frames in the buffer;
+ *     if the caller supplies a zero then this call is a non-blocking
+ *     way to query buffer sizes
+ * @return 0 on success, or negative error code on error
+ */
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_poll(struct CosmoAudio* ca,
+                                   int* in_out_readFrames,
+                                   int* in_out_writeFrames) {
+  if (!ca)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (!in_out_readFrames && !in_out_writeFrames)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (in_out_readFrames && !(ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture))
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (in_out_writeFrames && !(ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback))
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (in_out_readFrames && 1u + *in_out_readFrames > ca->inputBufferFrames)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ENOBUF;
+  if (in_out_writeFrames && 1u + *in_out_writeFrames > ca->outputBufferFrames)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_ENOBUF;
+  for (;;) {
+    int done = 1;
+    ma_uint32 readable = 0;
+    ma_uint32 writable = 0;
+    if (in_out_readFrames) {
+      readable = ma_pcm_rb_available_read(&ca->input);
+      done &= readable >= (ma_uint32)*in_out_readFrames;
+    }
+    if (in_out_writeFrames) {
+      writable = ma_pcm_rb_available_write(&ca->output);
+      done &= writable >= (ma_uint32)*in_out_writeFrames;
+    }
+    if (done) {
+      if (in_out_readFrames)
+        *in_out_readFrames = readable;
+      if (in_out_writeFrames)
+        *in_out_writeFrames = writable;
+      return COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    if (ma_event_wait(&ca->event) != MA_SUCCESS)
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Waits for written samples to be sent to device.
+ *
+ * This function is only valid to call in playback or duplex mode.
+ *
+ * This function is uninterruptible. All signals are masked throughout
+ * the duration of time this function may block, including cancelation
+ * signals, because this is not a cancelation point. Cosmopolitan Libc
+ * applies this masking in its dlopen wrapper.
+ *
+ * @param ca is CosmoAudio object returned earlier by cosmoaudio_open()
+ * @return 0 on success, or negative error code on failure
+ */
+COSMOAUDIO_ABI int cosmoaudio_flush(struct CosmoAudio* ca) {
+  if (!ca)
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  if (!(ca->deviceType & kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback))
+    return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (!ma_pcm_rb_available_read(&ca->output))
+      return COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS;
+    if (ma_event_wait(&ca->event) != MA_SUCCESS)
+      return COSMOAUDIO_ERROR;
+  }
+}

dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#ifndef COSMOAUDIO_H_
+#define COSMOAUDIO_H_
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define COSMOAUDIO_ABI
+#ifdef COSMOAUDIO_BUILD
+#define COSMOAUDIO_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#else
+#define COSMOAUDIO_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#endif
+#else
+#define COSMOAUDIO_API
+#ifdef __x86_64__
+#define COSMOAUDIO_ABI __attribute__((__ms_abi__, __visibility__("default")))
+#else
+#define COSMOAUDIO_ABI __attribute__((__visibility__("default")))
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#define COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS -0  // no error or nothing written
+#define COSMOAUDIO_ERROR   -1  // unspecified error
+#define COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL  -2  // invalid parameters passed to api
+#define COSMOAUDIO_ELINK   -3  // loading cosmoaudio dso failed
+#define COSMOAUDIO_ENOBUF  -4  // invalid buffering parameters
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct CosmoAudio;
+
+enum CosmoAudioDeviceType {
+  kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback = 1,
+  kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture = 2,
+  kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeDuplex =
+      kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback | kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture,
+};
+
+struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions {
+
+  // This field must be set to sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions) or
+  // cosmoaudio_open() will return COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL.
+  int sizeofThis;
+
+  // Whether you want this object to open the speaker or microphone.
+  // Please note that asking for microphone access may cause some OSes
+  // like MacOS to show a popup asking the user for permission.
+  enum CosmoAudioDeviceType deviceType;
+
+  // The sample rate can be 44100 for CD quality, 8000 for telephone
+  // quality, etc. Values below 8000 are currently not supported.
+  int sampleRate;
+
+  // The number of audio channels in each interleaved frame. Should be 1
+  // for mono or 2 for stereo.
+  int channels;
+
+  // Number of frames in each ring buffer. A frame consists of a PCM
+  // sample for each channel. Set to 0 for default. If this is less than
+  // the device period size times two, it'll be increased to that value.
+  int bufferFrames;
+
+  // Enables debug logging if non-zero.
+  int debugLog;
+};
+
+COSMOAUDIO_API int cosmoaudio_version(void) COSMOAUDIO_ABI;
+
+COSMOAUDIO_API int cosmoaudio_open(              //
+    struct CosmoAudio **out_ca,                  //
+    const struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions *options  //
+    ) COSMOAUDIO_ABI;
+
+COSMOAUDIO_API int cosmoaudio_close(  //
+    struct CosmoAudio *ca             //
+    ) COSMOAUDIO_ABI;
+
+COSMOAUDIO_API int cosmoaudio_write(  //
+    struct CosmoAudio *ca,            //
+    const float *samples,             //
+    int frameCount                    //
+    ) COSMOAUDIO_ABI;
+
+COSMOAUDIO_API int cosmoaudio_flush(  //
+    struct CosmoAudio *ca             //
+    ) COSMOAUDIO_ABI;
+
+COSMOAUDIO_API int cosmoaudio_read(  //
+    struct CosmoAudio *ca,           //
+    float *out_samples,              //
+    int frameCount                   //
+    ) COSMOAUDIO_ABI;
+
+COSMOAUDIO_API int cosmoaudio_poll(  //
+    struct CosmoAudio *ca,           //
+    int *in_out_readFrames,          //
+    int *in_out_writeFrames          //
+    ) COSMOAUDIO_ABI;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* COSMOAUDIO_H_ */

dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/test.c

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include "cosmoaudio.h"
+
+#define SAMPLING_RATE 44100
+#define WAVE_INTERVAL 440
+#define CHANNELS      2
+
+#ifndef M_PIf
+#define M_PIf 3.14159265358979323846f
+#endif
+
+int main() {
+
+  struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions cao = {0};
+  cao.sizeofThis = sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions);
+  cao.deviceType = kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback;
+  cao.sampleRate = SAMPLING_RATE;
+  cao.channels = CHANNELS;
+
+  int status;
+  struct CosmoAudio *ca;
+  status = cosmoaudio_open(&ca, &cao);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to open audio: %d\n", status);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  float buf[256 * CHANNELS];
+  for (int g = 0; g < SAMPLING_RATE;) {
+    int frames = 1;
+    status = cosmoaudio_poll(ca, NULL, &frames);
+    if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "failed to poll output: %d\n", status);
+      return 2;
+    }
+    if (frames > 256)
+      frames = 256;
+    if (frames > SAMPLING_RATE - g)
+      frames = SAMPLING_RATE - g;
+    for (int f = 0; f < frames; ++f) {
+      float t = (float)g++ / SAMPLING_RATE;
+      float s = sinf(2 * M_PIf * WAVE_INTERVAL * t);
+      for (int c = 0; c < CHANNELS; c++)
+        buf[f * CHANNELS + c] = s * .3f;
+    }
+    status = cosmoaudio_write(ca, buf, frames);
+    if (status != frames) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "failed to write output: %d\n", status);
+      return 3;
+    }
+  }
+
+  status = cosmoaudio_flush(ca);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to flush output: %d\n", status);
+    return 4;
+  }
+
+  status = cosmoaudio_close(ca);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to close audio: %d\n", status);
+    return 5;
+  }
+}

dsp/audio/describe.c

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│ vi: set et ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                               :vi │
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2024 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "dsp/audio/describe.h"
+#include "dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/describeflags.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+
+#define append(...) o += ksnprintf(buf + o, n - o, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+const char *cosmoaudio_describe_status(char *buf, int n, int status) {
+  switch (status) {
+    case COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS:
+      return "COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS";
+    case COSMOAUDIO_ERROR:
+      return "COSMOAUDIO_ERROR";
+    case COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL:
+      return "COSMOAUDIO_EINVAL";
+    case COSMOAUDIO_ELINK:
+      return "COSMOAUDIO_ELINK";
+    case COSMOAUDIO_ENOBUF:
+      return "COSMOAUDIO_ENOBUF";
+    default:
+      ksnprintf(buf, n, "%d", status);
+      return buf;
+  }
+}
+
+const char *cosmoaudio_describe_open_options(
+    char *buf, int n, const struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions *options) {
+  int o = 0;
+  char b128[128];
+  bool gotsome = false;
+  if (!options)
+    return "NULL";
+  if (kisdangerous(options)) {
+    ksnprintf(buf, n, "%p", options);
+    return buf;
+  }
+  append("{");
+
+  if (options->sampleRate) {
+    if (gotsome)
+      append(", ");
+    append(".sampleRate=%d", options->sampleRate);
+    gotsome = true;
+  }
+
+  if (options->channels) {
+    if (gotsome)
+      append(", ");
+    append(".channels=%d", options->channels);
+    gotsome = true;
+  }
+
+  if (options->deviceType) {
+    if (gotsome)
+      append(", ");
+    static struct DescribeFlags kDeviceType[] = {
+        {kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeDuplex, "Duplex"},      //
+        {kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture, "Capture"},    //
+        {kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback, "Playback"},  //
+    };
+    append(".deviceType=%s",
+           _DescribeFlags(b128, 128, kDeviceType, ARRAYLEN(kDeviceType),
+                          "kCosmoAudioDeviceType", options->deviceType));
+    gotsome = true;
+  }
+
+  if (options->bufferFrames) {
+    if (gotsome)
+      append(", ");
+    append(".bufferFrames=%d", options->bufferFrames);
+    gotsome = true;
+  }
+
+  if (options->debugLog) {
+    if (gotsome)
+      append(", ");
+    append(".debugLog=%d", options->debugLog);
+    gotsome = true;
+  }
+
+  if (options->sizeofThis) {
+    if (gotsome)
+      append(", ");
+    append(".sizeofThis=%d", options->sizeofThis);
+    gotsome = true;
+  }
+
+  append("}");
+  return buf;
+}
+
+const char *cosmoaudio_describe_poll_frames(char *buf, int n,
+                                            int *in_out_frames) {
+  if (!in_out_frames)
+    return "NULL";
+  if (kisdangerous(in_out_frames)) {
+    ksnprintf(buf, n, "%p", in_out_frames);
+    return buf;
+  }
+  ksnprintf(buf, n, "[%d]", *in_out_frames);
+  return buf;
+}

dsp/audio/describe.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_AUDIO_DESCRIBE_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_AUDIO_DESCRIBE_H_
+#include "dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h"
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+const char *cosmoaudio_describe_status(char *, int, int);
+const char *cosmoaudio_describe_open_options(
+    char *, int, const struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions *);
+const char *cosmoaudio_describe_poll_frames(char *, int, int *);
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_AUDIO_DESCRIBE_H_ */

dsp/mpeg/.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+DisableFormat: true
+SortIncludes: Never

dsp/mpeg/BUILD.mk

@@ -25,18 +25,13 @@ DSP_MPEG_A_CHECKS =				\
 
 DSP_MPEG_A_DIRECTDEPS =				\
 	LIBC_CALLS				\
-	LIBC_FMT				\
 	LIBC_INTRIN				\
-	LIBC_LOG				\
-	LIBC_LOG				\
 	LIBC_MEM				\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E				\
-	LIBC_RUNTIME				\
 	LIBC_STDIO				\
 	LIBC_STR				\
-	LIBC_SYSV				\
 	LIBC_TINYMATH				\
-	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT
+	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT			\
 
 DSP_MPEG_A_DEPS :=				\
 	$(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(DSP_MPEG_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x))))
@@ -49,9 +44,10 @@ $(DSP_MPEG_A).pkg:				\
 		$(DSP_MPEG_A_OBJS)		\
 		$(foreach x,$(DSP_MPEG_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)
 
-o/$(MODE)/dsp/mpeg/clamp4int256-k8.o: private	\
+o/$(MODE)/dsp/mpeg/pl_mpeg.o: private		\
 		CFLAGS +=			\
-			-Os
+			-ffunction-sections	\
+			-fdata-sections
 
 DSP_MPEG_LIBS = $(foreach x,$(DSP_MPEG_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)))
 DSP_MPEG_SRCS = $(foreach x,$(DSP_MPEG_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_SRCS))

dsp/mpeg/README.cosmo

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+DESCRIPTION
+
+  pl_mpeg lets you decode .mpg files
+
+ORIGIN
+
+  https://github.com/phoboslab/pl_mpeg/
+  9e40dd6536269d788728e32c39bfacf2ab7a0866
+
+LICENSE
+
+  MIT
+
+LOCAL CHANGES
+
+  - Added API for extracting pixel aspect ratio
+    https://github.com/phoboslab/pl_mpeg/pull/42

dsp/mpeg/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer
+
+Single-file MIT licensed library for C/C++
+
+See [pl_mpeg.h](https://github.com/phoboslab/pl_mpeg/blob/master/pl_mpeg.h) for
+the documentation.
+
+
+## Why?
+
+This is meant as a simple way to get video playback into your app or game. Other
+solutions, such as ffmpeg require huge libraries and a lot of glue code.
+
+MPEG1 is an old and inefficient codec, but it's still good enough for many use
+cases. All patents related to MPEG1 and MP2 have expired, so it's completely
+free now.
+
+This library does not make use of any SIMD instructions, but because of
+the relative simplicity of the codec it still manages to decode 4k60fps video
+on a single CPU core (on my i7-6700k at least).
+
+## Compilation on Linux
+
+Use a GCC invocation like the following to build the example `pl_mpeg_player`
+program:
+
+```shell
+gcc -o pl_mpeg_player pl_mpeg_player.c $(pkg-config --cflags --libs sdl2 glew)
+```
+
+## Example Usage
+
+- [pl_mpeg_extract_frames.c](https://github.com/phoboslab/pl_mpeg/blob/master/pl_mpeg_extract_frames.c)
+extracts all frames from a video and saves them as PNG.
+ - [pl_mpeg_player.c](https://github.com/phoboslab/pl_mpeg/blob/master/pl_mpeg_player.c)
+implements a video player using SDL2 and OpenGL for rendering.
+
+
+
+## Encoding for PL_MPEG
+
+Most [MPEG-PS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_program_stream) (`.mpg`) files
+containing MPEG1 Video ("mpeg1") and MPEG1 Audio Layer II ("mp2") streams should
+work with PL_MPEG. Note that `.mpg` files can also contain MPEG2 Video, which is
+not supported by this library.
+
+You can encode video in a suitable format using ffmpeg:
+
+```
+ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v mpeg1video -q:v 0 -c:a mp2 -format mpeg output.mpg
+```
+
+`-q:v` sets a fixed video quality with a variable bitrate, where `0` is the
+highest. You may use `-b:v` to set a fixed bitrate instead; e.g.
+`-b:v 2000k` for 2000 kbit/s. Please refer to the
+[ffmpeg documentation](http://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.html#Options) for more details.
+
+If you just want to quickly test the library, try this file:
+
+https://phoboslab.org/files/bjork-all-is-full-of-love.mpg
+
+
+## Limitations
+
+- no error reporting. PL_MPEG will silently ignore any invalid data.
+- the pts (presentation time stamp) for packets in the MPEG-PS container is
+ignored. This may cause sync issues with some files.
+- bugs, probably.

dsp/mpeg/README.txt

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer
-Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org
-
--- Synopsis
-
-// This function gets called for each decoded video frame
-void my_video_callback(plm_t *plm, plm_frame_t *frame, void *user) {
-	// Do something with frame->y.data, frame->cr.data, frame->cb.data
-}
-
-// This function gets called for each decoded audio frame
-void my_audio_callback(plm_t *plm, plm_samples_t *frame, void *user) {
-	// Do something with samples->interleaved
-}
-
-// Load a .mpg (MPEG Program Stream) file
-plm_t *plm = plm_create_with_filename("some-file.mpg");
-
-// Install the video & audio decode callbacks
-plm_set_video_decode_callback(plm, my_video_callback, my_data);
-plm_set_audio_decode_callback(plm, my_audio_callback, my_data);
-
-
-// Decode
-do {
-	plm_decode(plm, time_since_last_call);
-} while (!plm_has_ended(plm));
-
-// All done
-plm_destroy(plm);
-
-
-
--- Documentation
-
-This library provides several interfaces to load, demux and decode MPEG video
-and audio data. A high-level API combines the demuxer, video & audio decoders
-in an easy to use wrapper.
-
-Lower-level APIs for accessing the demuxer, video decoder and audio decoder,
-as well as providing different data sources are also available.
-
-Interfaces are written in an object orientet style, meaning you create object
-instances via various different constructor functions (plm_*create()),
-do some work on them and later dispose them via plm_*destroy().
-
-plm_*		-- the high-level interface, combining demuxer and decoders
-plm_buffer_* -- the data source used by all interfaces
-plm_demux_*  -- the MPEG-PS demuxer
-plm_video_*  -- the MPEG1 Video ("mpeg1") decoder
-plm_audio_*  -- the MPEG1 Audio Layer II ("mp2") decoder
-
-
-This library uses malloc(), realloc() and free() to manage memory. Typically
-all allocation happens up-front when creating the interface. However, the
-default buffer size may be too small for certain inputs. In these cases plmpeg
-will realloc() the buffer with a larger size whenever needed. You can configure
-the default buffer size by defining PLM_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE *before*
-including this library.
-
-With the high-level interface you have two options to decode video & audio:
-
-1) Use plm_decode() and just hand over the delta time since the last call.
-It will decode everything needed and call your callbacks (specified through
-plm_set_{video|audio}_decode_callback()) any number of times.
-
-2) Use plm_decode_video() and plm_decode_audio() to decode exactly one
-frame of video or audio data at a time. How you handle the synchronization of
-both streams is up to you.
-
-If you only want to decode video *or* audio through these functions, you should
-disable the other stream (plm_set_{video|audio}_enabled(false))
-
-
-Video data is decoded into a struct with all 3 planes (Y, Cr, Cb) stored in
-separate buffers. You can either convert this to RGB on the CPU (slow) via the
-plm_frame_to_rgb() function or do it on the GPU with the following matrix:
-
-mat4 rec601 = mat4(
-	1.16438,  0.00000,  1.59603, -0.87079,
-	1.16438, -0.39176, -0.81297,  0.52959,
-	1.16438,  2.01723,  0.00000, -1.08139,
-	0, 0, 0, 1
-);
-gl_FragColor = vec4(y, cb, cr, 1.0) * rec601;
-
-Audio data is decoded into a struct with either one single float array with the
-samples for the left and right channel interleaved, or if the
-PLM_AUDIO_SEPARATE_CHANNELS is defined *before* including this library, into
-two separate float arrays - one for each channel.
-
-See below for detailed the API documentation.

dsp/mpeg/blockset.h

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_BLOCKSET_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_BLOCKSET_H_
-
-#define PLM_BLOCK_SET(DEST, DEST_INDEX, DEST_WIDTH, SOURCE_INDEX, \
-                      SOURCE_WIDTH, BLOCK_SIZE, OP)               \
-  do {                                                            \
-    int dest_scan = DEST_WIDTH - BLOCK_SIZE;                      \
-    int source_scan = SOURCE_WIDTH - BLOCK_SIZE;                  \
-    for (int y = 0; y < BLOCK_SIZE; y++) {                        \
-      for (int x = 0; x < BLOCK_SIZE; x++) {                      \
-        DEST[DEST_INDEX] = OP;                                    \
-        SOURCE_INDEX++;                                           \
-        DEST_INDEX++;                                             \
-      }                                                           \
-      SOURCE_INDEX += source_scan;                                \
-      DEST_INDEX += dest_scan;                                    \
-    }                                                             \
-  } while (false)
-
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_BLOCKSET_H_ */

dsp/mpeg/buffer.c

@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:4;coding:utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=c ts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8                                   :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│  PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer           │
-│  Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org                                  │
-│                                                                              │
-│  The MIT License(MIT)                                                        │
-│  Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski                                        │
-│                                                                              │
-│  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining       │
-│  a copy of this software and associated documentation files(the              │
-│  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including         │
-│  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,         │
-│  distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the Software, and to        │
-│  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to       │
-│  the following conditions:                                                   │
-│                                                                              │
-│    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be            │
-│    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.           │
-│                                                                              │
-│  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,             │
-│  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF          │
-│  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND                       │
-│  NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE       │
-│  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN             │
-│  ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN           │
-│  CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE            │
-│  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "dsp/mpeg/buffer.h"
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/madv.h"
-__static_yoink("pl_mpeg_notice");
-
-/* clang-format off */
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// plm_buffer implementation
-
-plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_filename(const char *filename) {
-	FILE *fh = fopen(filename, "rb");
-	if (!fh) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	fadvise(fileno(fh), 0, 0, MADV_SEQUENTIAL);
-	return plm_buffer_create_with_file(fh, true);
-}
-
-plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_file(FILE *fh, int close_when_done) {
-	plm_buffer_t *b;
-	b = plm_buffer_create_with_capacity(PLM_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE);
-	b->fh = fh;
-	b->close_when_done = close_when_done;
-	b->mode = PLM_BUFFER_MODE_FILE;
-	plm_buffer_set_load_callback(b, plm_buffer_load_file_callback, NULL);
-	return b;
-}
-
-plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_memory(unsigned char *bytes, size_t length, int free_when_done) {
-	plm_buffer_t *b;
-	b = memalign(_Alignof(plm_buffer_t), sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
-	memset(b, 0, sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
-	b->capacity = length;
-	b->length = length;
-	b->free_when_done = free_when_done;
-	b->bytes = bytes;
-	b->mode = PLM_BUFFER_MODE_FIXED_MEM;
-	return b;
-}
-
-plm_buffer_t * plm_buffer_create_with_capacity(size_t capacity) {
-	plm_buffer_t *b;
-	b = memalign(_Alignof(plm_buffer_t), sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
-	memset(b, 0, sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
-	b->capacity = capacity;
-	b->free_when_done = true;
-	b->bytes = (unsigned char *)malloc(capacity);
-	b->mode = PLM_BUFFER_MODE_DYNAMIC_MEM;
-	return b;
-}
-
-void plm_buffer_destroy(plm_buffer_t *self) {
-	if (self->fh && self->close_when_done) {
-		fclose(self->fh);
-	}
-	if (self->free_when_done) {
-		free(self->bytes);
-	}
-	free(self);
-}
-
-size_t plm_buffer_write(plm_buffer_t *self, unsigned char *bytes, size_t length) {
-	if (self->mode == PLM_BUFFER_MODE_FIXED_MEM) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-	// This should be a ring buffer, but instead it just shifts all unread data
-	// to the beginning of the buffer and appends new data at the end. Seems
-	// to be good enough.
-	plm_buffer_discard_read_bytes(self);
-	// Do we have to resize to fit the new data?
-	size_t bytes_available = self->capacity - self->length;
-	if (bytes_available < length) {
-		size_t new_size = self->capacity;
-		do {
-			new_size *= 2;
-		} while (new_size - self->length < length);
-		self->bytes = (unsigned char *)realloc(self->bytes, new_size);
-		self->capacity = new_size;
-	}
-	memcpy(self->bytes + self->length, bytes, length);
-	self->length += length;
-	return length;
-}
-
-void plm_buffer_set_load_callback(plm_buffer_t *self, plm_buffer_load_callback fp, void *user) {
-	self->load_callback = fp;
-	self->load_callback_user_data = user;
-}
-
-void plm_buffer_rewind(plm_buffer_t *self) {
-	if (self->fh) {
-		fseek(self->fh, 0, SEEK_SET);
-		self->length = 0;
-	}
-	if (self->mode != PLM_BUFFER_MODE_FIXED_MEM) {
-		self->length = 0;
-	}
-	self->bit_index = 0;
-}
-
-void plm_buffer_discard_read_bytes(plm_buffer_t *self) {
-	size_t byte_pos = self->bit_index >> 3;
-	if (byte_pos == self->length) {
-		self->bit_index = 0;
-		self->length = 0;
-	}
-	else if (byte_pos > 0) {
-		memmove(self->bytes, self->bytes + byte_pos, self->length - byte_pos);
-		self->bit_index -= byte_pos << 3;
-		self->length -= byte_pos;
-	}
-}
-
-void plm_buffer_load_file_callback(plm_buffer_t *self, void *user) {
-	plm_buffer_discard_read_bytes(self);
-	unsigned bytes_available = self->capacity - self->length;
-	unsigned bytes_read = fread(self->bytes + self->length, 1, bytes_available, self->fh);
-	self->length += bytes_read;
-}

dsp/mpeg/buffer.h

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_BUFFER_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_BUFFER_H_
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-
-enum plm_buffer_mode {
-  PLM_BUFFER_MODE_FILE,
-  PLM_BUFFER_MODE_FIXED_MEM,
-  PLM_BUFFER_MODE_DYNAMIC_MEM
-};
-
-typedef struct plm_buffer_t {
-  unsigned bit_index;
-  unsigned capacity;
-  unsigned length;
-  int free_when_done;
-  int close_when_done;
-  FILE *fh;
-  plm_buffer_load_callback load_callback;
-  void *load_callback_user_data;
-  unsigned char *bytes;
-  enum plm_buffer_mode mode;
-} plm_buffer_t;
-
-typedef struct {
-  int16_t index;
-  int16_t value;
-} plm_vlc_t;
-
-typedef struct {
-  int16_t index;
-  uint16_t value;
-} plm_vlc_uint_t;
-
-/* bool plm_buffer_has(plm_buffer_t *, size_t); */
-/* int plm_buffer_read(plm_buffer_t *, int); */
-/* void plm_buffer_align(plm_buffer_t *); */
-/* void plm_buffer_skip(plm_buffer_t *, size_t); */
-/* int plm_buffer_skip_bytes(plm_buffer_t *, unsigned char); */
-/* int plm_buffer_next_start_code(plm_buffer_t *); */
-/* int plm_buffer_find_start_code(plm_buffer_t *, int); */
-/* int plm_buffer_no_start_code(plm_buffer_t *); */
-/* int16_t plm_buffer_read_vlc(plm_buffer_t *, const plm_vlc_t *); */
-/* uint16_t plm_buffer_read_vlc_uint(plm_buffer_t *, const plm_vlc_uint_t *); */
-
-void plm_buffer_discard_read_bytes(plm_buffer_t *);
-relegated void plm_buffer_load_file_callback(plm_buffer_t *, void *);
-
-forceinline bool plm_buffer_has(plm_buffer_t *b, size_t bits) {
-  unsigned have;
-  have = b->length;
-  have <<= 3;
-  have -= b->bit_index;
-  if (bits <= have) {
-    return true;
-  } else {
-    if (b->load_callback) {
-      b->load_callback(b, b->load_callback_user_data);
-      return ((b->length << 3) - b->bit_index) >= bits;
-    } else {
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-forceinline int plm_buffer_read(plm_buffer_t *self, int count) {
-  if (!plm_buffer_has(self, count))
-    return 0;
-  int value = 0;
-  while (count) {
-    int current_byte = self->bytes[self->bit_index >> 3];
-    int remaining = 8 - (self->bit_index & 7);         // Remaining bits in byte
-    int read = remaining < count ? remaining : count;  // Bits in self run
-    int shift = remaining - read;
-    int mask = (0xff >> (8 - read));
-    value = (value << read) | ((current_byte & (mask << shift)) >> shift);
-    self->bit_index += read;
-    count -= read;
-  }
-  return value;
-}
-
-forceinline void plm_buffer_align(plm_buffer_t *self) {
-  self->bit_index = ((self->bit_index + 7) >> 3) << 3;
-}
-
-forceinline void plm_buffer_skip(plm_buffer_t *self, size_t count) {
-  if (plm_buffer_has(self, count)) {
-    self->bit_index += count;
-  }
-}
-
-forceinline int plm_buffer_skip_bytes(plm_buffer_t *self, unsigned char v) {
-  unsigned skipped;
-  plm_buffer_align(self);
-  skipped = 0;
-  while (plm_buffer_has(self, 8)) {
-    if (v == self->bytes[self->bit_index >> 3]) {
-      self->bit_index += 8;
-      ++skipped;
-    } else {
-      break;
-    }
-  }
-  return skipped;
-}
-
-forceinline int plm_buffer_next_start_code(plm_buffer_t *self) {
-  plm_buffer_align(self);
-  while (plm_buffer_has(self, (5 << 3))) {
-    size_t byte_index = (self->bit_index) >> 3;
-    if (self->bytes[byte_index] == 0x00 &&
-        self->bytes[byte_index + 1] == 0x00 &&
-        self->bytes[byte_index + 2] == 0x01) {
-      self->bit_index = (byte_index + 4) << 3;
-      return self->bytes[byte_index + 3];
-    }
-    self->bit_index += 8;
-  }
-  self->bit_index = (self->length << 3);
-  return -1;
-}
-
-forceinline int plm_buffer_find_start_code(plm_buffer_t *self, int code) {
-  int current = 0;
-  while (true) {
-    current = plm_buffer_next_start_code(self);
-    if (current == code || current == -1) {
-      return current;
-    }
-  }
-  return -1;
-}
-
-forceinline int plm_buffer_no_start_code(plm_buffer_t *self) {
-  if (!plm_buffer_has(self, (5 << 3))) {
-    return false;
-  }
-  size_t byte_index = ((self->bit_index + 7) >> 3);
-  return !(self->bytes[byte_index] == 0x00 &&
-           self->bytes[byte_index + 1] == 0x00 &&
-           self->bytes[byte_index + 2] == 0x01);
-}
-
-forceinline int16_t plm_buffer_read_vlc(plm_buffer_t *self,
-                                        const plm_vlc_t *table) {
-  plm_vlc_t state = {0, 0};
-  do {
-    state = table[state.index + plm_buffer_read(self, 1)];
-  } while (state.index > 0);
-  return state.value;
-}
-
-forceinline uint16_t plm_buffer_read_vlc_uint(plm_buffer_t *self,
-                                              const plm_vlc_uint_t *table) {
-  return (uint16_t)plm_buffer_read_vlc(self, (plm_vlc_t *)table);
-}
-
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_BUFFER_H_ */

dsp/mpeg/demux.c

@@ -1,203 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:4;coding:utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=c ts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8                                   :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│  PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer           │
-│  Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org                                  │
-│                                                                              │
-│  The MIT License(MIT)                                                        │
-│  Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski                                        │
-│                                                                              │
-│  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining       │
-│  a copy of this software and associated documentation files(the              │
-│  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including         │
-│  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,         │
-│  distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the Software, and to        │
-│  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to       │
-│  the following conditions:                                                   │
-│                                                                              │
-│    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be            │
-│    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.           │
-│                                                                              │
-│  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,             │
-│  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF          │
-│  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND                       │
-│  NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE       │
-│  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN             │
-│  ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN           │
-│  CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE            │
-│  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "dsp/mpeg/demux.h"
-#include "dsp/mpeg/buffer.h"
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-__static_yoink("pl_mpeg_notice");
-
-/* clang-format off */
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// plm_demux implementation
-
-plm_demux_t *plm_demux_create(plm_buffer_t *buffer, int destroy_when_done) {
-	plm_demux_t *self = (plm_demux_t *)malloc(sizeof(plm_demux_t));
-	memset(self, 0, sizeof(plm_demux_t));
-
-	self->buffer = buffer;
-	self->destroy_buffer_when_done = destroy_when_done;
-
-	if (plm_buffer_find_start_code(self->buffer, START_PACK) != -1) {
-		plm_demux_decode_pack_header(self);
-	}
-	if (plm_buffer_find_start_code(self->buffer, START_SYSTEM) != -1) {
-		plm_demux_decode_system_header(self);
-	}
-	return self;
-}
-
-void plm_demux_destroy(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	if (self->destroy_buffer_when_done) {
-		plm_buffer_destroy(self->buffer);
-	}
-	free(self);
-}
-
-int plm_demux_get_num_video_streams(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	return self->num_video_streams;
-}
-
-int plm_demux_get_num_audio_streams(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	return self->num_audio_streams;
-}
-
-void plm_demux_rewind(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	plm_buffer_rewind(self->buffer);
-}
-
-plm_packet_t *plm_demux_decode(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	if (self->current_packet.length) {
-		size_t bits_till_next_packet = self->current_packet.length << 3;
-		if (!plm_buffer_has(self->buffer, bits_till_next_packet)) {
-			return NULL;
-		}
-		plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, bits_till_next_packet);
-		self->current_packet.length = 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!self->has_pack_header) {
-		if (plm_buffer_find_start_code(self->buffer, START_PACK) != -1) {
-			plm_demux_decode_pack_header(self);
-		}
-		else {
-			return NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!self->has_system_header) {
-		if (plm_buffer_find_start_code(self->buffer, START_SYSTEM) != -1) {
-			plm_demux_decode_system_header(self);
-		}
-		else {
-			return NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	// pending packet just waiting for data?
-	if (self->next_packet.length) {
-		return plm_demux_get_packet(self);
-	}
-
-	int code;
-	do {
-		code = plm_buffer_next_start_code(self->buffer);
-		if (
-			code == PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_VIDEO_1 ||
-			code == PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_PRIVATE ||
-			(code >= PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_1 && code <= PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_4)
-		) {
-			return plm_demux_decode_packet(self, code);
-		}
-	} while (code != -1);
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-double plm_demux_read_time(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	int64_t clock = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 3) << 30;
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 1);
-	clock |= plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 15) << 15;
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 1);
-	clock |= plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 15);
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 1);
-	return (double)clock / 90000.0;
-}
-
-void plm_demux_decode_pack_header(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	if (plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 4) != 0x02) {
-		return; // invalid
-	}
-	self->system_clock_ref = plm_demux_read_time(self);
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 1);
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 22); // mux_rate * 50
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 1);
-
-	self->has_pack_header = true;
-}
-
-void plm_demux_decode_system_header(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 16); // header_length
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 24); // rate bound
-	self->num_audio_streams = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 5); // misc flags
-	self->num_video_streams = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 5);
-
-	self->has_system_header = true;
-}
-
-plm_packet_t *plm_demux_decode_packet(plm_demux_t *self, int start_code) {
-	if (!plm_buffer_has(self->buffer, 8 << 3)) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	self->next_packet.type = start_code;
-	self->next_packet.length = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 16);
-	self->next_packet.length -= plm_buffer_skip_bytes(self->buffer, 0xff); // stuffing
-
-	// skip P-STD
-	if (plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2) == 0x01) {
-		plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 16);
-		self->next_packet.length -= 2;
-	}
-
-	int pts_dts_marker = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2);
-	if (pts_dts_marker == 0x03) {
-		self->next_packet.pts = plm_demux_read_time(self);
-		plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 40); // skip dts
-		self->next_packet.length -= 10;
-	}
-	else if (pts_dts_marker == 0x02) {
-		self->next_packet.pts = plm_demux_read_time(self);
-		self->next_packet.length -= 5;
-	}
-	else if (pts_dts_marker == 0x00) {
-		self->next_packet.pts = 0;
-		plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 4);
-		self->next_packet.length -= 1;
-	}
-	else {
-		return NULL; // invalid
-	}
-
-	return plm_demux_get_packet(self);
-}
-
-plm_packet_t *plm_demux_get_packet(plm_demux_t *self) {
-	if (!plm_buffer_has(self->buffer, self->next_packet.length << 3)) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	self->current_packet.data = self->buffer->bytes + (self->buffer->bit_index >> 3);
-	self->current_packet.length = self->next_packet.length;
-	self->current_packet.type = self->next_packet.type;
-	self->current_packet.pts = self->next_packet.pts;
-	self->next_packet.length = 0;
-	return &self->current_packet;
-}

dsp/mpeg/demux.h

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_DEMUX_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_DEMUX_H_
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-
-#define START_PACK   0xBA
-#define START_END    0xB9
-#define START_SYSTEM 0xBB
-
-typedef struct plm_demux_t {
-  plm_buffer_t *buffer;
-  int destroy_buffer_when_done;
-  double system_clock_ref;
-  int has_pack_header;
-  int has_system_header;
-  int num_audio_streams;
-  int num_video_streams;
-  plm_packet_t current_packet;
-  plm_packet_t next_packet;
-} plm_demux_t;
-
-double plm_demux_read_time(plm_demux_t *self);
-void plm_demux_decode_pack_header(plm_demux_t *self);
-void plm_demux_decode_system_header(plm_demux_t *self);
-plm_packet_t *plm_demux_decode_packet(plm_demux_t *self, int start_code);
-plm_packet_t *plm_demux_get_packet(plm_demux_t *self);
-
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_DEMUX_H_ */

dsp/mpeg/idct.c

@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:4;coding:utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set et ft=c ts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│  PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer           │
-│  Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org                                  │
-│                                                                              │
-│  The MIT License(MIT)                                                        │
-│  Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski                                        │
-│                                                                              │
-│  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining       │
-│  a copy of this software and associated documentation files(the              │
-│  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including         │
-│  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,         │
-│  distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the Software, and to        │
-│  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to       │
-│  the following conditions:                                                   │
-│                                                                              │
-│    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be            │
-│    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.           │
-│                                                                              │
-│  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,             │
-│  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF          │
-│  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND                       │
-│  NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE       │
-│  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN             │
-│  ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN           │
-│  CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE            │
-│  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "dsp/core/half.h"
-__static_yoink("pl_mpeg_notice");
-
-/**
- * Computes Fixed-Point 8x8 Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform.
- *
- * @note discovered by Nasir Ahmed
- */
-void plm_video_idct(int block[8][8]) {
-  int i, t1, t2, m0;
-  int b1, b3, b4, b6, b7;
-  int y3, y4, y5, y6, y7;
-  int x0, x1, x2, x3, x4;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
-    b1 = block[4][i];
-    b3 = block[2][i] + block[6][i];
-    b4 = block[5][i] - block[3][i];
-    t1 = block[1][i] + block[7][i];
-    t2 = block[3][i] + block[5][i];
-    b6 = block[1][i] - block[7][i];
-    b7 = t1 + t2;
-    m0 = block[0][i];
-    x4 = ((b6 * 473 - b4 * 196 + 128) >> 8) - b7;
-    x0 = x4 - (((t1 - t2) * 362 + 128) >> 8);
-    x1 = m0 - b1;
-    x2 = (((block[2][i] - block[6][i]) * 362 + 128) >> 8) - b3;
-    x3 = m0 + b1;
-    y3 = x1 + x2;
-    y4 = x3 + b3;
-    y5 = x1 - x2;
-    y6 = x3 - b3;
-    y7 = -x0 - ((b4 * 473 + b6 * 196 + 128) >> 8);
-    block[0][i] = b7 + y4;
-    block[1][i] = x4 + y3;
-    block[2][i] = y5 - x0;
-    block[3][i] = y6 - y7;
-    block[4][i] = y6 + y7;
-    block[5][i] = x0 + y5;
-    block[6][i] = y3 - x4;
-    block[7][i] = y4 - b7;
-  }
-
-  for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
-    b1 = block[i][4];
-    b3 = block[i][2] + block[i][6];
-    b4 = block[i][5] - block[i][3];
-    t1 = block[i][1] + block[i][7];
-    t2 = block[i][3] + block[i][5];
-    b6 = block[i][1] - block[i][7];
-    b7 = t1 + t2;
-    m0 = block[i][0];
-    x4 = ((b6 * 473 - b4 * 196 + 128) >> 8) - b7;
-    x0 = x4 - (((t1 - t2) * 362 + 128) >> 8);
-    x1 = m0 - b1;
-    x2 = (((block[i][2] - block[i][6]) * 362 + 128) >> 8) - b3;
-    x3 = m0 + b1;
-    y3 = x1 + x2;
-    y4 = x3 + b3;
-    y5 = x1 - x2;
-    y6 = x3 - b3;
-    y7 = -x0 - ((b4 * 473 + b6 * 196 + 128) >> 8);
-    block[i][0] = (b7 + y4 + 128) >> 8;
-    block[i][1] = (x4 + y3 + 128) >> 8;
-    block[i][2] = (y5 - x0 + 128) >> 8;
-    block[i][3] = (y6 - y7 + 128) >> 8;
-    block[i][4] = (y6 + y7 + 128) >> 8;
-    block[i][5] = (x0 + y5 + 128) >> 8;
-    block[i][6] = (y3 - x4 + 128) >> 8;
-    block[i][7] = (y4 - b7 + 128) >> 8;
-  }
-}

dsp/mpeg/idct.h

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_IDCT_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_IDCT_H_
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-
-void plm_video_idct(int *);
-
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_IDCT_H_ */

dsp/mpeg/macroblock.c

@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:4;coding:utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set et ft=c ts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│  PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer           │
-│  Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org                                  │
-│                                                                              │
-│  The MIT License(MIT)                                                        │
-│  Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski                                        │
-│                                                                              │
-│  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining       │
-│  a copy of this software and associated documentation files(the              │
-│  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including         │
-│  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,         │
-│  distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the Software, and to        │
-│  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to       │
-│  the following conditions:                                                   │
-│                                                                              │
-│    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be            │
-│    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.           │
-│                                                                              │
-│  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,             │
-│  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF          │
-│  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND                       │
-│  NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE       │
-│  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN             │
-│  ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN           │
-│  CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE            │
-│  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-#include "dsp/mpeg/video.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-
-forceinline void plm_video_process_macroblock(plm_video_t *self, uint8_t *d,
-                                              uint8_t *s, int motion_h,
-                                              int motion_v, bool interpolate,
-                                              unsigned BW) {
-  unsigned si, di, max_address;
-  int y, x, dest_scan, source_scan, dw, hp, vp, odd_h, odd_v;
-  dw = self->mb_width * BW;
-  hp = motion_h >> 1;
-  vp = motion_v >> 1;
-  odd_h = (motion_h & 1) == 1;
-  odd_v = (motion_v & 1) == 1;
-  si = ((self->mb_row * BW) + vp) * dw + (self->mb_col * BW) + hp;
-  di = (self->mb_row * dw + self->mb_col) * BW;
-  max_address = (dw * (self->mb_height * BW - BW + 1) - BW);
-  if (si > max_address || di > max_address)
-    return;
-  d += di;
-  s += si;
-  switch (((interpolate << 2) | (odd_h << 1) | (odd_v)) & 7) {
-    case 0:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          *d++ = *s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 1:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          *d++ = (s[0] + s[dw] + 1) >> 1;
-          s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 2:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          *d++ = (s[0] + s[1] + 1) >> 1;
-          s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 3:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          *d++ = (s[0] + s[1] + s[dw] + s[dw + 1] + 2) >> 2;
-          s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 4:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          d[0] = (d[0] + (s[0]) + 1) >> 1;
-          d++;
-          s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 5:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          d[0] = (d[0] + ((s[0] + s[dw] + 1) >> 1) + 1) >> 1;
-          d++;
-          s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 6:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          d[0] = (d[0] + ((s[0] + s[1] + 1) >> 1) + 1) >> 1;
-          d++;
-          s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 7:
-      dest_scan = dw - BW;
-      source_scan = dw - BW;
-      for (y = 0; y < BW; y++) {
-        for (x = 0; x < BW; x++) {
-          d[0] = (d[0] + ((s[0] + s[1] + s[dw] + s[dw + 1] + 2) >> 2) + 1) >> 1;
-          d++;
-          s++;
-        }
-        s += source_scan;
-        d += dest_scan;
-      }
-      break;
-    default:
-      break;
-  }
-}
-
-void plm_video_process_macroblock_8(plm_video_t *self, uint8_t *d, uint8_t *s,
-                                    int motion_h, int motion_v,
-                                    bool interpolate) {
-  DCHECK_ALIGNED(8, d);
-  DCHECK_ALIGNED(8, s);
-  plm_video_process_macroblock(self, d, s, motion_h, motion_v, interpolate, 8);
-}
-
-void plm_video_process_macroblock_16(plm_video_t *self, uint8_t *d, uint8_t *s,
-                                     int motion_h, int motion_v,
-                                     bool interpolate) {
-  DCHECK_ALIGNED(16, d);
-  DCHECK_ALIGNED(16, s);
-  plm_video_process_macroblock(self, d, s, motion_h, motion_v, interpolate, 16);
-}

dsp/mpeg/mp2.c

@@ -1,769 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:4;coding:utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=c ts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8                                   :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│  PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer           │
-│  Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org                                  │
-│                                                                              │
-│  The MIT License(MIT)                                                        │
-│  Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski                                        │
-│                                                                              │
-│  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining       │
-│  a copy of this software and associated documentation files(the              │
-│  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including         │
-│  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,         │
-│  distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the Software, and to        │
-│  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to       │
-│  the following conditions:                                                   │
-│                                                                              │
-│    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be            │
-│    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.           │
-│                                                                              │
-│  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,             │
-│  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF          │
-│  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND                       │
-│  NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE       │
-│  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN             │
-│  ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN           │
-│  CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE            │
-│  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "dsp/mpeg/buffer.h"
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-
-/* clang-format off */
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// plm_audio implementation
-
-// Based on kjmp2 by Martin J. Fiedler
-// http://keyj.emphy.de/kjmp2/
-
-#define PLM_AUDIO_FRAME_SYNC 0x7ff
-
-#define PLM_AUDIO_MPEG_2_5 0x0
-#define PLM_AUDIO_MPEG_2 0x2
-#define PLM_AUDIO_MPEG_1 0x3
-
-#define PLM_AUDIO_LAYER_III 0x1
-#define PLM_AUDIO_LAYER_II 0x2
-#define PLM_AUDIO_LAYER_I 0x3
-
-#define PLM_AUDIO_MODE_STEREO 0x0
-#define PLM_AUDIO_MODE_JOINT_STEREO 0x1
-#define PLM_AUDIO_MODE_DUAL_CHANNEL 0x2
-#define PLM_AUDIO_MODE_MONO 0x3
-
-static const unsigned short PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE[] = {
-	44100, 48000, 32000, 0, // MPEG-1
-	22050, 24000, 16000, 0  // MPEG-2
-};
-
-static const short PLM_AUDIO_BIT_RATE[] = {
-	32, 48, 56, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 160, 192, 224, 256, 320, 384, // MPEG-1
-	 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48,  56,  64,  80,  96, 112, 128, 144, 160  // MPEG-2
-};
-
-static const int PLM_AUDIO_SCALEFACTOR_BASE[] = {
-	0x02000000, 0x01965FEA, 0x01428A30
-};
-
-static const float PLM_AUDIO_SYNTHESIS_WINDOW[] = {
-	     0.0,     -0.5,     -0.5,     -0.5,     -0.5,     -0.5,
-	    -0.5,     -1.0,     -1.0,     -1.0,     -1.0,     -1.5,
-	    -1.5,     -2.0,     -2.0,     -2.5,     -2.5,     -3.0,
-	    -3.5,     -3.5,     -4.0,     -4.5,     -5.0,     -5.5,
-	    -6.5,     -7.0,     -8.0,     -8.5,     -9.5,    -10.5,
-	   -12.0,    -13.0,    -14.5,    -15.5,    -17.5,    -19.0,
-	   -20.5,    -22.5,    -24.5,    -26.5,    -29.0,    -31.5,
-	   -34.0,    -36.5,    -39.5,    -42.5,    -45.5,    -48.5,
-	   -52.0,    -55.5,    -58.5,    -62.5,    -66.0,    -69.5,
-	   -73.5,    -77.0,    -80.5,    -84.5,    -88.0,    -91.5,
-	   -95.0,    -98.0,   -101.0,   -104.0,    106.5,    109.0,
-	   111.0,    112.5,    113.5,    114.0,    114.0,    113.5,
-	   112.0,    110.5,    107.5,    104.0,    100.0,     94.5,
-	    88.5,     81.5,     73.0,     63.5,     53.0,     41.5,
-	    28.5,     14.5,     -1.0,    -18.0,    -36.0,    -55.5,
-	   -76.5,    -98.5,   -122.0,   -147.0,   -173.5,   -200.5,
-	  -229.5,   -259.5,   -290.5,   -322.5,   -355.5,   -389.5,
-	  -424.0,   -459.5,   -495.5,   -532.0,   -568.5,   -605.0,
-	  -641.5,   -678.0,   -714.0,   -749.0,   -783.5,   -817.0,
-	  -849.0,   -879.5,   -908.5,   -935.0,   -959.5,   -981.0,
-	 -1000.5,  -1016.0,  -1028.5,  -1037.5,  -1042.5,  -1043.5,
-	 -1040.0,  -1031.5,   1018.5,   1000.0,    976.0,    946.5,
-	   911.0,    869.5,    822.0,    767.5,    707.0,    640.0,
-	   565.5,    485.0,    397.0,    302.5,    201.0,     92.5,
-	   -22.5,   -144.0,   -272.5,   -407.0,   -547.5,   -694.0,
-	  -846.0,  -1003.0,  -1165.0,  -1331.5,  -1502.0,  -1675.5,
-	 -1852.5,  -2031.5,  -2212.5,  -2394.0,  -2576.5,  -2758.5,
-	 -2939.5,  -3118.5,  -3294.5,  -3467.5,  -3635.5,  -3798.5,
-	 -3955.0,  -4104.5,  -4245.5,  -4377.5,  -4499.0,  -4609.5,
-	 -4708.0,  -4792.5,  -4863.5,  -4919.0,  -4958.0,  -4979.5,
-	 -4983.0,  -4967.5,  -4931.5,  -4875.0,  -4796.0,  -4694.5,
-	 -4569.5,  -4420.0,  -4246.0,  -4046.0,  -3820.0,  -3567.0,
-	  3287.0,   2979.5,   2644.0,   2280.5,   1888.0,   1467.5,
-	  1018.5,    541.0,     35.0,   -499.0,  -1061.0,  -1650.0,
-	 -2266.5,  -2909.0,  -3577.0,  -4270.0,  -4987.5,  -5727.5,
-	 -6490.0,  -7274.0,  -8077.5,  -8899.5,  -9739.0, -10594.5,
-	-11464.5, -12347.0, -13241.0, -14144.5, -15056.0, -15973.5,
-	-16895.5, -17820.0, -18744.5, -19668.0, -20588.0, -21503.0,
-	-22410.5, -23308.5, -24195.0, -25068.5, -25926.5, -26767.0,
-	-27589.0, -28389.0, -29166.5, -29919.0, -30644.5, -31342.0,
-	-32009.5, -32645.0, -33247.0, -33814.5, -34346.0, -34839.5,
-	-35295.0, -35710.0, -36084.5, -36417.5, -36707.5, -36954.0,
-	-37156.5, -37315.0, -37428.0, -37496.0,  37519.0,  37496.0,
-	 37428.0,  37315.0,  37156.5,  36954.0,  36707.5,  36417.5,
-	 36084.5,  35710.0,  35295.0,  34839.5,  34346.0,  33814.5,
-	 33247.0,  32645.0,  32009.5,  31342.0,  30644.5,  29919.0,
-	 29166.5,  28389.0,  27589.0,  26767.0,  25926.5,  25068.5,
-	 24195.0,  23308.5,  22410.5,  21503.0,  20588.0,  19668.0,
-	 18744.5,  17820.0,  16895.5,  15973.5,  15056.0,  14144.5,
-	 13241.0,  12347.0,  11464.5,  10594.5,   9739.0,   8899.5,
-	  8077.5,   7274.0,   6490.0,   5727.5,   4987.5,   4270.0,
-	  3577.0,   2909.0,   2266.5,   1650.0,   1061.0,    499.0,
-	   -35.0,   -541.0,  -1018.5,  -1467.5,  -1888.0,  -2280.5,
-	 -2644.0,  -2979.5,   3287.0,   3567.0,   3820.0,   4046.0,
-	  4246.0,   4420.0,   4569.5,   4694.5,   4796.0,   4875.0,
-	  4931.5,   4967.5,   4983.0,   4979.5,   4958.0,   4919.0,
-	  4863.5,   4792.5,   4708.0,   4609.5,   4499.0,   4377.5,
-	  4245.5,   4104.5,   3955.0,   3798.5,   3635.5,   3467.5,
-	  3294.5,   3118.5,   2939.5,   2758.5,   2576.5,   2394.0,
-	  2212.5,   2031.5,   1852.5,   1675.5,   1502.0,   1331.5,
-	  1165.0,   1003.0,    846.0,    694.0,    547.5,    407.0,
-	   272.5,    144.0,     22.5,    -92.5,   -201.0,   -302.5,
-	  -397.0,   -485.0,   -565.5,   -640.0,   -707.0,   -767.5,
-	  -822.0,   -869.5,   -911.0,   -946.5,   -976.0,  -1000.0,
-	  1018.5,   1031.5,   1040.0,   1043.5,   1042.5,   1037.5,
-	  1028.5,   1016.0,   1000.5,    981.0,    959.5,    935.0,
-	   908.5,    879.5,    849.0,    817.0,    783.5,    749.0,
-	   714.0,    678.0,    641.5,    605.0,    568.5,    532.0,
-	   495.5,    459.5,    424.0,    389.5,    355.5,    322.5,
-	   290.5,    259.5,    229.5,    200.5,    173.5,    147.0,
-	   122.0,     98.5,     76.5,     55.5,     36.0,     18.0,
-		1.0,    -14.5,    -28.5,    -41.5,    -53.0,    -63.5,
-	   -73.0,    -81.5,    -88.5,    -94.5,   -100.0,   -104.0,
-	  -107.5,   -110.5,   -112.0,   -113.5,   -114.0,   -114.0,
-	  -113.5,   -112.5,   -111.0,   -109.0,    106.5,    104.0,
-	   101.0,     98.0,     95.0,     91.5,     88.0,     84.5,
-	    80.5,     77.0,     73.5,     69.5,     66.0,     62.5,
-	    58.5,     55.5,     52.0,     48.5,     45.5,     42.5,
-	    39.5,     36.5,     34.0,     31.5,     29.0,     26.5,
-	    24.5,     22.5,     20.5,     19.0,     17.5,     15.5,
-	    14.5,     13.0,     12.0,     10.5,      9.5,      8.5,
-	     8.0,      7.0,      6.5,      5.5,      5.0,      4.5,
-	     4.0,      3.5,      3.5,      3.0,      2.5,      2.5,
-	     2.0,      2.0,      1.5,      1.5,      1.0,      1.0,
-	     1.0,      1.0,      0.5,      0.5,      0.5,      0.5,
-	     0.5,      0.5
-};
-
-// Quantizer lookup, step 1: bitrate classes
-static const uint8_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_LUT_STEP_1[2][16] = {
-	// 32, 48, 56, 64, 80, 96,112,128,160,192,224,256,320,384 <- bitrate
-	{ 0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2 }, // mono
-	// 16, 24, 28, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 80, 96,112,128,160,192 <- bitrate / chan
-	{ 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2 } // stereo
-};
-
-// Quantizer lookup, step 2: bitrate class, sample rate -> B2 table idx, sblimit
-static const uint8_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_A = (27 | 64);   // Table 3-B.2a: high-rate, sblimit = 27
-static const uint8_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_B = (30 | 64);   // Table 3-B.2b: high-rate, sblimit = 30
-static const uint8_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_C = 8;           // Table 3-B.2c:  low-rate, sblimit =  8
-static const uint8_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_D = 12;          // Table 3-B.2d:  low-rate, sblimit = 12
-
-static const uint8_t QUANT_LUT_STEP_2[3][3] = {
-	//             44.1 kHz,               48 kHz,                 32 kHz
-	{ PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_C, PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_C, PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_D }, // 32 - 48 kbit/sec/ch
-	{ PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_A, PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_A, PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_A }, // 56 - 80 kbit/sec/ch
-	{ PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_B, PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_A, PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB_B }  // 96+	 kbit/sec/ch
-};
-
-// Quantizer lookup, step 3: B2 table, subband -> nbal, row index
-// (upper 4 bits: nbal, lower 4 bits: row index)
-static const uint8_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_LUT_STEP_3[3][32] = {
-	// Low-rate table (3-B.2c and 3-B.2d)
-	{
-		0x44,0x44,
-		0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34
-	},
-	// High-rate table (3-B.2a and 3-B.2b)
-	{
-		0x43,0x43,0x43,
-		0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,
-		0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,
-		0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20
-	},
-	// MPEG-2 LSR table (B.2 in ISO 13818-3)
-	{
-		0x45,0x45,0x45,0x45,
-		0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,0x34,
-		0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,
-		0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24
-	}
-};
-
-// Quantizer lookup, step 4: table row, allocation[] value -> quant table index
-static const uint8_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_LUT_STEP4[6][16] = {
-	{ 0, 1, 2, 17 },
-	{ 0, 1, 2,  3, 4, 5, 6, 17 },
-	{ 0, 1, 2,  3, 4, 5, 6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17 },
-	{ 0, 1, 3,  5, 6, 7, 8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 },
-	{ 0, 1, 2,  4, 5, 6, 7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17 },
-	{ 0, 1, 2,  3, 4, 5, 6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 }
-};
-
-typedef struct plm_quantizer_spec_t {
-	unsigned short levels;
-	unsigned char group;
-	unsigned char bits;
-} plm_quantizer_spec_t;
-
-static const plm_quantizer_spec_t PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB[] = {
-	{     3, 1,  5 },  //  1
-	{     5, 1,  7 },  //  2
-	{     7, 0,  3 },  //  3
-	{     9, 1, 10 },  //  4
-	{    15, 0,  4 },  //  5
-	{    31, 0,  5 },  //  6
-	{    63, 0,  6 },  //  7
-	{   127, 0,  7 },  //  8
-	{   255, 0,  8 },  //  9
-	{   511, 0,  9 },  // 10
-	{  1023, 0, 10 },  // 11
-	{  2047, 0, 11 },  // 12
-	{  4095, 0, 12 },  // 13
-	{  8191, 0, 13 },  // 14
-	{ 16383, 0, 14 },  // 15
-	{ 32767, 0, 15 },  // 16
-	{ 65535, 0, 16 }   // 17
-};
-
-struct plm_audio_t {
-	double time;
-	int samples_decoded;
-	int samplerate_index;
-	int bitrate_index;
-	int version;
-	int layer;
-	int mode;
-	int bound;
-	int v_pos;
-	int next_frame_data_size;
-	plm_buffer_t *buffer;
-	int destroy_buffer_when_done;
-	const plm_quantizer_spec_t *allocation[2][32];
-	uint8_t scale_factor_info[2][32];
-	int scale_factor[2][32][3];
-	int sample[2][32][3];
-	plm_samples_t samples;
-	float D[1024];
-	float V[1024];
-	float U[32];
-} forcealign(64);
-
-typedef plm_audio_t plm_audio_t;
-
-int plm_audio_decode_header(plm_audio_t *self);
-void plm_audio_decode_frame(plm_audio_t *self);
-const plm_quantizer_spec_t *plm_audio_read_allocation(plm_audio_t *self, int sb, int tab3);
-void plm_audio_read_samples(plm_audio_t *self, int ch, int sb, int part);
-void plm_audio_matrix_transform(int s[32][3], int ss, float *d, int dp);
-
-plm_audio_t *plm_audio_create_with_buffer(plm_buffer_t *buffer, int destroy_when_done) {
-	plm_audio_t *self = (plm_audio_t *)memalign(_Alignof(plm_audio_t), sizeof(plm_audio_t));
-	memset(self, 0, sizeof(plm_audio_t));
-
-	self->samples.count = PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME;
-	self->buffer = buffer;
-	self->destroy_buffer_when_done = destroy_when_done;
-	self->samplerate_index = 3; // indicates 0 samplerate
-
-	memcpy(self->D, PLM_AUDIO_SYNTHESIS_WINDOW, 512 * sizeof(float));
-	memcpy(self->D + 512, PLM_AUDIO_SYNTHESIS_WINDOW, 512 * sizeof(float));
-
-	// Decode first header
-	if (plm_buffer_has(self->buffer, 48)) {
-		self->next_frame_data_size = plm_audio_decode_header(self);
-	}
-
-	return self;
-}
-
-void plm_audio_destroy(plm_audio_t *self) {
-	if (self->destroy_buffer_when_done) {
-		plm_buffer_destroy(self->buffer);
-	}
-	free(self);
-}
-
-int plm_audio_get_samplerate(plm_audio_t *self) {
-	return PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE[self->samplerate_index];
-}
-
-double plm_audio_get_time(plm_audio_t *self) {
-	return self->time;
-}
-
-void plm_audio_rewind(plm_audio_t *self) {
-	plm_buffer_rewind(self->buffer);
-	self->time = 0;
-	self->samples_decoded = 0;
-	self->next_frame_data_size = 0;
-
-	// TODO: needed?
-	memset(self->V, 0, sizeof(self->V));
-	memset(self->U, 0, sizeof(self->U));
-}
-
-plm_samples_t *plm_audio_decode(plm_audio_t *self) {
-	DEBUGF("%s", "plm_audio_decode");
-	// Do we have at least enough information to decode the frame header?
-	if (!self->next_frame_data_size) {
-		if (!plm_buffer_has(self->buffer, 48)) {
-			return NULL;
-		}
-		self->next_frame_data_size = plm_audio_decode_header(self);
-	}
-
-	if (
-		self->next_frame_data_size == 0 ||
-		!plm_buffer_has(self->buffer, self->next_frame_data_size << 3)
-	) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	plm_audio_decode_frame(self);
-	self->next_frame_data_size = 0;
-
-	self->samples.time = self->time;
-
-	self->samples_decoded += PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME;
-	self->time = (double)self->samples_decoded /
-		(double)PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE[self->samplerate_index];
-
-	return &self->samples;
-}
-
-int plm_audio_decode_header(plm_audio_t *self) {
-	// Check for valid header: syncword OK, MPEG-Audio Layer 2
-	plm_buffer_skip_bytes(self->buffer, 0x00);
-
-	int sync = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 11);
-	self->version = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2);
-	self->layer = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2);
-	int hasCRC = !plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 1);
-
-	if (
-		sync != PLM_AUDIO_FRAME_SYNC ||
-		self->version != PLM_AUDIO_MPEG_1 ||
-		self->layer != PLM_AUDIO_LAYER_II
-	) {
-		return false; // Invalid header or unsupported version
-	}
-
-	self->bitrate_index = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 4) - 1;
-	if (self->bitrate_index > 13) {
-		return false;  // Invalid bit rate or 'free format'
-	}
-
-	self->samplerate_index = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2);
-	if (self->samplerate_index == 3) {
-		return false; // Invalid sample rate
-	}
-
-	if (self->version == PLM_AUDIO_MPEG_2) {
-		self->samplerate_index += 4;
-		self->bitrate_index += 14;
-	}
-	int padding = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 1);
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 1); // f_private
-	self->mode = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2);
-
-	// Parse the mode_extension, set up the stereo bound
-	self->bound = 0;
-	if (self->mode == PLM_AUDIO_MODE_JOINT_STEREO) {
-		self->bound = (plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2) + 1) << 2;
-	}
-	else {
-		plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 2);
-		self->bound = (self->mode == PLM_AUDIO_MODE_MONO) ? 0 : 32;
-	}
-
-	// Discard the last 4 bits of the header and the CRC value, if present
-	plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 4);
-	if (hasCRC) {
-		plm_buffer_skip(self->buffer, 16);
-	}
-
-	// Compute frame size, check if we have enough data to decode the whole
-	// frame.
-	int bitrate = PLM_AUDIO_BIT_RATE[self->bitrate_index];
-	int samplerate = PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE[self->samplerate_index];
-	int frame_size = (144000 * bitrate / samplerate) + padding;
-	return frame_size - (hasCRC ? 6 : 4);
-}
-
-void plm_audio_decode_frame(plm_audio_t *self) {
-	// Prepare the quantizer table lookups
-	int tab3 = 0;
-	int sblimit = 0;
-	if (self->version == PLM_AUDIO_MPEG_2) {
-		// MPEG-2 (LSR)
-		tab3 = 2;
-		sblimit = 30;
-	}
-	else {
-		// MPEG-1
-		int tab1 = (self->mode == PLM_AUDIO_MODE_MONO) ? 0 : 1;
-		int tab2 = PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_LUT_STEP_1[tab1][self->bitrate_index];
-		tab3 = QUANT_LUT_STEP_2[tab2][self->samplerate_index];
-		sblimit = tab3 & 63;
-		tab3 >>= 6;
-	}
-
-	if (self->bound > sblimit) {
-		self->bound = sblimit;
-	}
-
-	// Read the allocation information
-	for (int sb = 0; sb < self->bound; sb++) {
-		self->allocation[0][sb] = plm_audio_read_allocation(self, sb, tab3);
-		self->allocation[1][sb] = plm_audio_read_allocation(self, sb, tab3);
-	}
-
-	for (int sb = self->bound; sb < sblimit; sb++) {
-		self->allocation[0][sb] =
-			self->allocation[1][sb] =
-			plm_audio_read_allocation(self, sb, tab3);
-	}
-
-	// Read scale factor selector information
-	int channels = (self->mode == PLM_AUDIO_MODE_MONO) ? 1 : 2;
-	for (int sb = 0; sb < sblimit; sb++) {
-		for (int ch = 0; ch < channels; ch++) {
-			if (self->allocation[ch][sb]) {
-				self->scale_factor_info[ch][sb] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 2);
-			}
-		}
-		if (self->mode == PLM_AUDIO_MODE_MONO) {
-			self->scale_factor_info[1][sb] = self->scale_factor_info[0][sb];
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Read scale factors
-	for (int sb = 0; sb < sblimit; sb++) {
-		for (int ch = 0; ch < channels; ch++) {
-			if (self->allocation[ch][sb]) {
-				int *sf = self->scale_factor[ch][sb];
-				switch (self->scale_factor_info[ch][sb]) {
-				case 0:
-					sf[0] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					sf[1] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					sf[2] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					break;
-				case 1:
-					sf[0] =
-						sf[1] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					sf[2] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					break;
-				case 2:
-					sf[0] =
-						sf[1] =
-						sf[2] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					break;
-				case 3:
-					sf[0] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					sf[1] =
-						sf[2] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, 6);
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if (self->mode == PLM_AUDIO_MODE_MONO) {
-			self->scale_factor[1][sb][0] = self->scale_factor[0][sb][0];
-			self->scale_factor[1][sb][1] = self->scale_factor[0][sb][1];
-			self->scale_factor[1][sb][2] = self->scale_factor[0][sb][2];
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Coefficient input and reconstruction
-	int out_pos = 0;
-	for (int part = 0; part < 3; part++) {
-		for (int granule = 0; granule < 4; granule++) {
-
-			// Read the samples
-			for (int sb = 0; sb < self->bound; sb++) {
-				plm_audio_read_samples(self, 0, sb, part);
-				plm_audio_read_samples(self, 1, sb, part);
-			}
-			for (int sb = self->bound; sb < sblimit; sb++) {
-				plm_audio_read_samples(self, 0, sb, part);
-				self->sample[1][sb][0] = self->sample[0][sb][0];
-				self->sample[1][sb][1] = self->sample[0][sb][1];
-				self->sample[1][sb][2] = self->sample[0][sb][2];
-			}
-			for (int sb = sblimit; sb < 32; sb++) {
-				self->sample[0][sb][0] = 0;
-				self->sample[0][sb][1] = 0;
-				self->sample[0][sb][2] = 0;
-				self->sample[1][sb][0] = 0;
-				self->sample[1][sb][1] = 0;
-				self->sample[1][sb][2] = 0;
-			}
-
-			// Synthesis loop
-			for (int p = 0; p < 3; p++) {
-				// Shifting step
-				self->v_pos = (self->v_pos - 64) & 1023;
-
-				for (int ch = 0; ch < 2; ch++) {
-					plm_audio_matrix_transform(self->sample[ch], p, self->V, self->v_pos);
-
-					// Build U, windowing, calculate output
-					memset(self->U, 0, sizeof(self->U));
-
-					int d_index = 512 - (self->v_pos >> 1);
-					int v_index = (self->v_pos % 128) >> 1;
-					while (v_index < 1024) {
-						for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
-							self->U[i] += self->D[d_index++] * self->V[v_index++];
-						}
-
-						v_index += 128 - 32;
-						d_index += 64 - 32;
-					}
-
-					d_index -= (512 - 32);
-					v_index = (128 - 32 + 1024) - v_index;
-					while (v_index < 1024) {
-						for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
-							self->U[i] += self->D[d_index++] * self->V[v_index++];
-						}
-
-						v_index += 128 - 32;
-						d_index += 64 - 32;
-					}
-
-					// Output samples
-					#ifdef PLM_AUDIO_SEPARATE_CHANNELS
-						float *out_channel = ch == 0
-							? self->samples.left
-							: self->samples.right;
-						for (int j = 0; j < 32; j++) {
-							out_channel[out_pos + j] = self->U[j] / 2147418112.0f;
-						}
-					#else
-						for (int j = 0; j < 32; j++) {
-							self->samples.interleaved[((out_pos + j) << 1) + ch] =
-								self->U[j] / 2147418112.0f;
-						}
-					#endif
-				} // End of synthesis channel loop
-				out_pos += 32;
-			} // End of synthesis sub-block loop
-
-		} // Decoding of the granule finished
-	}
-
-	plm_buffer_align(self->buffer);
-}
-
-const plm_quantizer_spec_t *plm_audio_read_allocation(plm_audio_t *self, int sb, int tab3) {
-	int tab4 = PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_LUT_STEP_3[tab3][sb];
-	int qtab = PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_LUT_STEP4[tab4 & 15][plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, tab4 >> 4)];
-	return qtab ? (&PLM_AUDIO_QUANT_TAB[qtab - 1]) : 0;
-}
-
-void plm_audio_read_samples(plm_audio_t *self, int ch, int sb, int part) {
-	const plm_quantizer_spec_t *q = self->allocation[ch][sb];
-	int sf = self->scale_factor[ch][sb][part];
-	int *sample = self->sample[ch][sb];
-	int val = 0;
-
-	if (!q) {
-		// No bits allocated for this subband
-		sample[0] = sample[1] = sample[2] = 0;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	// Resolve scalefactor
-	if (sf == 63) {
-		sf = 0;
-	}
-	else {
-		int shift = (sf / 3) | 0;
-		sf = (PLM_AUDIO_SCALEFACTOR_BASE[sf % 3] + ((1u << shift) >> 1)) >> shift;
-	}
-
-	// Decode samples
-	int adj = q->levels;
-	if (q->group) {
-		// Decode grouped samples
-		val = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, q->bits);
-		sample[0] = val % adj;
-		val /= adj;
-		sample[1] = val % adj;
-		sample[2] = val / adj;
-	}
-	else {
-		// Decode direct samples
-		sample[0] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, q->bits);
-		sample[1] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, q->bits);
-		sample[2] = plm_buffer_read(self->buffer, q->bits);
-	}
-
-	// Postmultiply samples
-	int scale = 65536 / (adj + 1);
-	adj = ((adj + 1) >> 1) - 1;
-
-	val = (adj - sample[0]) * scale;
-	sample[0] = (val * (sf >> 12) + ((val * (sf & 4095) + 2048) >> 12)) >> 12;
-
-	val = (adj - sample[1]) * scale;
-	sample[1] = (val * (sf >> 12) + ((val * (sf & 4095) + 2048) >> 12)) >> 12;
-
-	val = (adj - sample[2]) * scale;
-	sample[2] = (val * (sf >> 12) + ((val * (sf & 4095) + 2048) >> 12)) >> 12;
-}
-
-void plm_audio_matrix_transform(int s[32][3], int ss, float *d, int dp) {
-	float t01, t02, t03, t04, t05, t06, t07, t08, t09, t10, t11, t12,
-		t13, t14, t15, t16, t17, t18, t19, t20, t21, t22, t23, t24,
-		t25, t26, t27, t28, t29, t30, t31, t32, t33;
-
-	t01 = (float)(s[0][ss] + s[31][ss]); t02 = (float)(s[0][ss] - s[31][ss]) * 0.500602998235f;
-	t03 = (float)(s[1][ss] + s[30][ss]); t04 = (float)(s[1][ss] - s[30][ss]) * 0.505470959898f;
-	t05 = (float)(s[2][ss] + s[29][ss]); t06 = (float)(s[2][ss] - s[29][ss]) * 0.515447309923f;
-	t07 = (float)(s[3][ss] + s[28][ss]); t08 = (float)(s[3][ss] - s[28][ss]) * 0.53104259109f;
-	t09 = (float)(s[4][ss] + s[27][ss]); t10 = (float)(s[4][ss] - s[27][ss]) * 0.553103896034f;
-	t11 = (float)(s[5][ss] + s[26][ss]); t12 = (float)(s[5][ss] - s[26][ss]) * 0.582934968206f;
-	t13 = (float)(s[6][ss] + s[25][ss]); t14 = (float)(s[6][ss] - s[25][ss]) * 0.622504123036f;
-	t15 = (float)(s[7][ss] + s[24][ss]); t16 = (float)(s[7][ss] - s[24][ss]) * 0.674808341455f;
-	t17 = (float)(s[8][ss] + s[23][ss]); t18 = (float)(s[8][ss] - s[23][ss]) * 0.744536271002f;
-	t19 = (float)(s[9][ss] + s[22][ss]); t20 = (float)(s[9][ss] - s[22][ss]) * 0.839349645416f;
-	t21 = (float)(s[10][ss] + s[21][ss]); t22 = (float)(s[10][ss] - s[21][ss]) * 0.972568237862f;
-	t23 = (float)(s[11][ss] + s[20][ss]); t24 = (float)(s[11][ss] - s[20][ss]) * 1.16943993343f;
-	t25 = (float)(s[12][ss] + s[19][ss]); t26 = (float)(s[12][ss] - s[19][ss]) * 1.48416461631f;
-	t27 = (float)(s[13][ss] + s[18][ss]); t28 = (float)(s[13][ss] - s[18][ss]) * 2.05778100995f;
-	t29 = (float)(s[14][ss] + s[17][ss]); t30 = (float)(s[14][ss] - s[17][ss]) * 3.40760841847f;
-	t31 = (float)(s[15][ss] + s[16][ss]); t32 = (float)(s[15][ss] - s[16][ss]) * 10.1900081235f;
-
-	t33 = t01 + t31; t31 = (t01 - t31) * 0.502419286188f;
-	t01 = t03 + t29; t29 = (t03 - t29) * 0.52249861494f;
-	t03 = t05 + t27; t27 = (t05 - t27) * 0.566944034816f;
-	t05 = t07 + t25; t25 = (t07 - t25) * 0.64682178336f;
-	t07 = t09 + t23; t23 = (t09 - t23) * 0.788154623451f;
-	t09 = t11 + t21; t21 = (t11 - t21) * 1.06067768599f;
-	t11 = t13 + t19; t19 = (t13 - t19) * 1.72244709824f;
-	t13 = t15 + t17; t17 = (t15 - t17) * 5.10114861869f;
-	t15 = t33 + t13; t13 = (t33 - t13) * 0.509795579104f;
-	t33 = t01 + t11; t01 = (t01 - t11) * 0.601344886935f;
-	t11 = t03 + t09; t09 = (t03 - t09) * 0.899976223136f;
-	t03 = t05 + t07; t07 = (t05 - t07) * 2.56291544774f;
-	t05 = t15 + t03; t15 = (t15 - t03) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t03 = t33 + t11; t11 = (t33 - t11) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t33 = t05 + t03; t05 = (t05 - t03) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t03 = t15 + t11; t15 = (t15 - t11) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t03 += t15;
-	t11 = t13 + t07; t13 = (t13 - t07) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t07 = t01 + t09; t09 = (t01 - t09) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t01 = t11 + t07; t07 = (t11 - t07) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t11 = t13 + t09; t13 = (t13 - t09) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t11 += t13; t01 += t11;
-	t11 += t07; t07 += t13;
-	t09 = t31 + t17; t31 = (t31 - t17) * 0.509795579104f;
-	t17 = t29 + t19; t29 = (t29 - t19) * 0.601344886935f;
-	t19 = t27 + t21; t21 = (t27 - t21) * 0.899976223136f;
-	t27 = t25 + t23; t23 = (t25 - t23) * 2.56291544774f;
-	t25 = t09 + t27; t09 = (t09 - t27) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t27 = t17 + t19; t19 = (t17 - t19) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t17 = t25 + t27; t27 = (t25 - t27) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t25 = t09 + t19; t19 = (t09 - t19) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t25 += t19;
-	t09 = t31 + t23; t31 = (t31 - t23) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t23 = t29 + t21; t21 = (t29 - t21) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t29 = t09 + t23; t23 = (t09 - t23) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t09 = t31 + t21; t31 = (t31 - t21) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t09 += t31;	t29 += t09;	t09 += t23;	t23 += t31;
-	t17 += t29;	t29 += t25;	t25 += t09;	t09 += t27;
-	t27 += t23;	t23 += t19; t19 += t31;
-	t21 = t02 + t32; t02 = (t02 - t32) * 0.502419286188f;
-	t32 = t04 + t30; t04 = (t04 - t30) * 0.52249861494f;
-	t30 = t06 + t28; t28 = (t06 - t28) * 0.566944034816f;
-	t06 = t08 + t26; t08 = (t08 - t26) * 0.64682178336f;
-	t26 = t10 + t24; t10 = (t10 - t24) * 0.788154623451f;
-	t24 = t12 + t22; t22 = (t12 - t22) * 1.06067768599f;
-	t12 = t14 + t20; t20 = (t14 - t20) * 1.72244709824f;
-	t14 = t16 + t18; t16 = (t16 - t18) * 5.10114861869f;
-	t18 = t21 + t14; t14 = (t21 - t14) * 0.509795579104f;
-	t21 = t32 + t12; t32 = (t32 - t12) * 0.601344886935f;
-	t12 = t30 + t24; t24 = (t30 - t24) * 0.899976223136f;
-	t30 = t06 + t26; t26 = (t06 - t26) * 2.56291544774f;
-	t06 = t18 + t30; t18 = (t18 - t30) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t30 = t21 + t12; t12 = (t21 - t12) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t21 = t06 + t30; t30 = (t06 - t30) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t06 = t18 + t12; t12 = (t18 - t12) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t06 += t12;
-	t18 = t14 + t26; t26 = (t14 - t26) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t14 = t32 + t24; t24 = (t32 - t24) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t32 = t18 + t14; t14 = (t18 - t14) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t18 = t26 + t24; t24 = (t26 - t24) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t18 += t24; t32 += t18;
-	t18 += t14; t26 = t14 + t24;
-	t14 = t02 + t16; t02 = (t02 - t16) * 0.509795579104f;
-	t16 = t04 + t20; t04 = (t04 - t20) * 0.601344886935f;
-	t20 = t28 + t22; t22 = (t28 - t22) * 0.899976223136f;
-	t28 = t08 + t10; t10 = (t08 - t10) * 2.56291544774f;
-	t08 = t14 + t28; t14 = (t14 - t28) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t28 = t16 + t20; t20 = (t16 - t20) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t16 = t08 + t28; t28 = (t08 - t28) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t08 = t14 + t20; t20 = (t14 - t20) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t08 += t20;
-	t14 = t02 + t10; t02 = (t02 - t10) * 0.541196100146f;
-	t10 = t04 + t22; t22 = (t04 - t22) * 1.30656296488f;
-	t04 = t14 + t10; t10 = (t14 - t10) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t14 = t02 + t22; t02 = (t02 - t22) * 0.707106781187f;
-	t14 += t02;	t04 += t14;	t14 += t10;	t10 += t02;
-	t16 += t04;	t04 += t08;	t08 += t14;	t14 += t28;
-	t28 += t10;	t10 += t20;	t20 += t02;	t21 += t16;
-	t16 += t32;	t32 += t04;	t04 += t06;	t06 += t08;
-	t08 += t18;	t18 += t14;	t14 += t30;	t30 += t28;
-	t28 += t26;	t26 += t10;	t10 += t12;	t12 += t20;
-	t20 += t24;	t24 += t02;
-
-	d[dp + 48] = -t33;
-	d[dp + 49] = d[dp + 47] = -t21;
-	d[dp + 50] = d[dp + 46] = -t17;
-	d[dp + 51] = d[dp + 45] = -t16;
-	d[dp + 52] = d[dp + 44] = -t01;
-	d[dp + 53] = d[dp + 43] = -t32;
-	d[dp + 54] = d[dp + 42] = -t29;
-	d[dp + 55] = d[dp + 41] = -t04;
-	d[dp + 56] = d[dp + 40] = -t03;
-	d[dp + 57] = d[dp + 39] = -t06;
-	d[dp + 58] = d[dp + 38] = -t25;
-	d[dp + 59] = d[dp + 37] = -t08;
-	d[dp + 60] = d[dp + 36] = -t11;
-	d[dp + 61] = d[dp + 35] = -t18;
-	d[dp + 62] = d[dp + 34] = -t09;
-	d[dp + 63] = d[dp + 33] = -t14;
-	d[dp + 32] = -t05;
-	d[dp + 0] = t05; d[dp + 31] = -t30;
-	d[dp + 1] = t30; d[dp + 30] = -t27;
-	d[dp + 2] = t27; d[dp + 29] = -t28;
-	d[dp + 3] = t28; d[dp + 28] = -t07;
-	d[dp + 4] = t07; d[dp + 27] = -t26;
-	d[dp + 5] = t26; d[dp + 26] = -t23;
-	d[dp + 6] = t23; d[dp + 25] = -t10;
-	d[dp + 7] = t10; d[dp + 24] = -t15;
-	d[dp + 8] = t15; d[dp + 23] = -t12;
-	d[dp + 9] = t12; d[dp + 22] = -t19;
-	d[dp + 10] = t19; d[dp + 21] = -t20;
-	d[dp + 11] = t20; d[dp + 20] = -t13;
-	d[dp + 12] = t13; d[dp + 19] = -t24;
-	d[dp + 13] = t24; d[dp + 18] = -t31;
-	d[dp + 14] = t31; d[dp + 17] = -t02;
-	d[dp + 15] = t02; d[dp + 16] = 0.0;
-};
-

dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h

@@ -1,447 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_MPEG_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_MPEG_H_
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-
-typedef struct plm_t plm_t;
-typedef struct plm_buffer_t plm_buffer_t;
-typedef struct plm_demux_t plm_demux_t;
-typedef struct plm_video_t plm_video_t;
-typedef struct plm_audio_t plm_audio_t;
-
-/**
- * Demuxed MPEG PS packet
- *
- * The type maps directly to the various MPEG-PES start codes. pts is
- * the presentation time stamp of the packet in seconds. Not all packets
- * have a pts value.
- */
-typedef struct plm_packet_t {
-  int type;
-  double pts;
-  size_t length;
-  uint8_t *data;
-} plm_packet_t;
-
-/**
- * Decoded Video Plane
- *
- * The byte length of the data is width * height. Note that different
- * planes have different sizes: the Luma plane (Y) is double the size of
- * each of the two Chroma planes (Cr, Cb) - i.e. 4 times the byte
- * length. Also note that the size of the plane does *not* denote the
- * size of the displayed frame. The sizes of planes are always rounded
- * up to the nearest macroblock (16px).
- */
-typedef struct plm_plane_t {
-  unsigned int width;
-  unsigned int height;
-  uint8_t *data;
-} plm_plane_t;
-
-/**
- * Decoded Video Frame
- *
- * Width and height denote the desired display size of the frame. This
- * may be different from the internal size of the 3 planes.
- */
-typedef struct plm_frame_t {
-  double time;
-  unsigned int width;
-  unsigned int height;
-  plm_plane_t y;
-  plm_plane_t cr;
-  plm_plane_t cb;
-} plm_frame_t;
-
-/**
- * Callback function type for decoded video frames used by the high-level
- * plm_* interface
- */
-typedef void (*plm_video_decode_callback)(plm_t *self, plm_frame_t *frame,
-                                          void *user);
-
-/**
- * Decoded Audio Samples
- *
- * Samples are stored as normalized (-1, 1) float either interleaved, or if
- * PLM_AUDIO_SEPARATE_CHANNELS is defined, in two separate arrays.
- * The `count` is always PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME and just there for
- * convenience.
- */
-#define PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME 1152
-
-struct plm_samples_t {
-  double time;
-  unsigned int count;
-#ifdef PLM_AUDIO_SEPARATE_CHANNELS
-  float left[PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME] forcealign(32);
-  float right[PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME] forcealign(32);
-#else
-  float interleaved[PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME * 2] forcealign(32);
-#endif
-} forcealign(32);
-
-typedef struct plm_samples_t plm_samples_t;
-
-/**
- * Callback function type for decoded audio samples used by the high-level
- * plm_* interface
- */
-typedef void (*plm_audio_decode_callback)(plm_t *self, plm_samples_t *samples,
-                                          void *user);
-
-/**
- * Callback function for plm_buffer when it needs more data
- */
-typedef void (*plm_buffer_load_callback)(plm_buffer_t *self, void *user);
-
-/**
- * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- * plm_* public API
- * High-Level API for loading/demuxing/decoding MPEG-PS data
- *
- * Create a plmpeg instance with a filename. Returns NULL if the file could not
- * be opened.
- */
-plm_t *plm_create_with_filename(const char *filename);
-
-/**
- * Create a plmpeg instance with file handle. Pass true to close_when_done
- * to let plmpeg call fclose() on the handle when plm_destroy() is
- * called.
- */
-plm_t *plm_create_with_file(FILE *fh, int close_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Create a plmpeg instance with pointer to memory as source. This assumes the
- * whole file is in memory. Pass true to free_when_done to let plmpeg call
- * free() on the pointer when plm_destroy() is called.
- */
-plm_t *plm_create_with_memory(uint8_t *bytes, size_t length,
-                              int free_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Create a plmpeg instance with a plm_buffer as source. This is also
- * called internally by all the above constructor functions.
- */
-plm_t *plm_create_with_buffer(plm_buffer_t *buffer, int destroy_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Destroy a plmpeg instance and free all data
- */
-void plm_destroy(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get or set whether video decoding is enabled.
- */
-int plm_get_video_enabled(plm_t *self);
-void plm_set_video_enabled(plm_t *self, int enabled);
-
-/**
- * Get or set whether audio decoding is enabled. When enabling, you can set the
- * desired audio stream (0-3) to decode.
- */
-int plm_get_audio_enabled(plm_t *self);
-void plm_set_audio_enabled(plm_t *self, int enabled, int stream_index);
-
-/**
- * Get the display width/height of the video stream
- */
-int plm_get_width(plm_t *self);
-int plm_get_height(plm_t *self);
-
-double plm_get_pixel_aspect_ratio(plm_t *);
-
-/**
- * Get the framerate of the video stream in frames per second
- */
-double plm_get_framerate(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get the number of available audio streams in the file
- */
-int plm_get_num_audio_streams(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get the samplerate of the audio stream in samples per second
- */
-int plm_get_samplerate(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get or set the audio lead time in seconds - the time in which audio samples
- * are decoded in advance (or behind) the video decode time. Default 0.
- */
-double plm_get_audio_lead_time(plm_t *self);
-void plm_set_audio_lead_time(plm_t *self, double lead_time);
-
-/**
- * Get the current internal time in seconds
- */
-double plm_get_time(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Rewind all buffers back to the beginning.
- */
-void plm_rewind(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get or set looping. Default false.
- */
-int plm_get_loop(plm_t *self);
-void plm_set_loop(plm_t *self, int loop);
-
-/**
- * Get whether the file has ended. If looping is enabled, this will always
- * return false.
- */
-int plm_has_ended(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Set the callback for decoded video frames used with plm_decode(). If no
- * callback is set, video data will be ignored and not be decoded.
- */
-void plm_set_video_decode_callback(plm_t *self, plm_video_decode_callback fp,
-                                   void *user);
-
-/**
- * Set the callback for decoded audio samples used with plm_decode(). If no
- * callback is set, audio data will be ignored and not be decoded.
- */
-void plm_set_audio_decode_callback(plm_t *self, plm_audio_decode_callback fp,
-                                   void *user);
-
-/**
- * Advance the internal timer by seconds and decode video/audio up to
- * this time. Returns true/false whether anything was decoded.
- */
-int plm_decode(plm_t *self, double seconds);
-
-/**
- * Decode and return one video frame. Returns NULL if no frame could be decoded
- * (either because the source ended or data is corrupt). If you only want to
- * decode video, you should disable audio via plm_set_audio_enabled().
- * The returned plm_frame_t is valid until the next call to
- * plm_decode_video call or until the plm_destroy is called.
- */
-plm_frame_t *plm_decode_video(plm_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Decode and return one audio frame. Returns NULL if no frame could be decoded
- * (either because the source ended or data is corrupt). If you only want to
- * decode audio, you should disable video via plm_set_video_enabled().
- * The returned plm_samples_t is valid until the next call to
- * plm_decode_video or until the plm_destroy is called.
- */
-plm_samples_t *plm_decode_audio(plm_t *self);
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- * plm_buffer public API
- * Provides the data source for all other plm_* interfaces
- *
- * The default size for buffers created from files or by the high-level API
- */
-#ifndef PLM_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE
-#define PLM_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE (128 * 1024)
-#endif
-
-/**
- * Create a buffer instance with a filename. Returns NULL if the file could not
- * be opened.
- */
-plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_filename(const char *filename);
-
-/**
- * Create a buffer instance with file handle. Pass true to close_when_done
- * to let plmpeg call fclose() on the handle when plm_destroy() is
- * called.
- */
-plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_file(FILE *fh, int close_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Create a buffer instance with a pointer to memory as source. This assumes
- * the whole file is in memory. Pass 1 to free_when_done to let plmpeg call
- * free() on the pointer when plm_destroy() is called.
- */
-plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_memory(uint8_t *bytes, size_t length,
-                                            int free_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Create an empty buffer with an initial capacity. The buffer will grow
- * as needed.
- */
-plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_capacity(size_t capacity);
-
-/**
- * Destroy a buffer instance and free all data
- */
-void plm_buffer_destroy(plm_buffer_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Copy data into the buffer. If the data to be written is larger than the
- * available space, the buffer will realloc() with a larger capacity.
- * Returns the number of bytes written. This will always be the same as the
- * passed in length, except when the buffer was created _with_memory() for
- * which _write() is forbidden.
- */
-size_t plm_buffer_write(plm_buffer_t *self, uint8_t *bytes, size_t length);
-
-/**
- * Set a callback that is called whenever the buffer needs more data
- */
-void plm_buffer_set_load_callback(plm_buffer_t *self,
-                                  plm_buffer_load_callback fp, void *user);
-
-/**
- * Rewind the buffer back to the beginning. When loading from a file handle,
- * this also seeks to the beginning of the file.
- */
-void plm_buffer_rewind(plm_buffer_t *self);
-
-/**
- * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- * plm_demux public API
- * Demux an MPEG Program Stream (PS) data into separate packages
- *
- * Various Packet Types
- */
-#define PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_PRIVATE 0xBD
-#define PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_1 0xC0
-#define PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_2 0xC1
-#define PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_3 0xC2
-#define PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_4 0xC2
-#define PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_VIDEO_1 0xE0
-
-/**
- * Create a demuxer with a plm_buffer as source
- */
-plm_demux_t *plm_demux_create(plm_buffer_t *buffer, int destroy_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Destroy a demuxer and free all data
- */
-void plm_demux_destroy(plm_demux_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Returns the number of video streams found in the system header.
- */
-int plm_demux_get_num_video_streams(plm_demux_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Returns the number of audio streams found in the system header.
- */
-int plm_demux_get_num_audio_streams(plm_demux_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Rewinds the internal buffer. See plm_buffer_rewind().
- */
-void plm_demux_rewind(plm_demux_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Decode and return the next packet. The returned packet_t is valid until
- * the next call to plm_demux_decode() or until the demuxer is destroyed.
- */
-plm_packet_t *plm_demux_decode(plm_demux_t *self);
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- * plm_video public API
- * Decode MPEG1 Video ("mpeg1") data into raw YCrCb frames
- */
-
-/**
- * Create a video decoder with a plm_buffer as source
- */
-plm_video_t *plm_video_create_with_buffer(plm_buffer_t *buffer,
-                                          int destroy_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Destroy a video decoder and free all data
- */
-void plm_video_destroy(plm_video_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get the framerate in frames per second
- */
-double plm_video_get_framerate(plm_video_t *);
-
-double plm_video_get_pixel_aspect_ratio(plm_video_t *);
-
-/**
- * Get the display width/height
- */
-int plm_video_get_width(plm_video_t *);
-int plm_video_get_height(plm_video_t *);
-
-/**
- * Set "no delay" mode. When enabled, the decoder assumes that the video does
- * *not* contain any B-Frames. This is useful for reducing lag when streaming.
- */
-void plm_video_set_no_delay(plm_video_t *self, int no_delay);
-
-/**
- * Get the current internal time in seconds
- */
-double plm_video_get_time(plm_video_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Rewinds the internal buffer. See plm_buffer_rewind().
- */
-void plm_video_rewind(plm_video_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Decode and return one frame of video and advance the internal time by
- * 1/framerate seconds. The returned frame_t is valid until the next call of
- * plm_video_decode() or until the video decoder is destroyed.
- */
-plm_frame_t *plm_video_decode(plm_video_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Convert the YCrCb data of a frame into an interleaved RGB buffer. The buffer
- * pointed to by *rgb must have a size of (frame->width * frame->height * 3)
- * bytes.
- */
-void plm_frame_to_rgb(plm_frame_t *frame, uint8_t *rgb);
-
-/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- * plm_audio public API
- * Decode MPEG-1 Audio Layer II ("mp2") data into raw samples
- */
-
-/**
- * Create an audio decoder with a plm_buffer as source.
- */
-plm_audio_t *plm_audio_create_with_buffer(plm_buffer_t *buffer,
-                                          int destroy_when_done);
-
-/**
- * Destroy an audio decoder and free all data
- */
-void plm_audio_destroy(plm_audio_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get the samplerate in samples per second
- */
-int plm_audio_get_samplerate(plm_audio_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Get the current internal time in seconds
- */
-double plm_audio_get_time(plm_audio_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Rewinds the internal buffer. See plm_buffer_rewind().
- */
-void plm_audio_rewind(plm_audio_t *self);
-
-/**
- * Decode and return one "frame" of audio and advance the internal time by
- * (PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME/samplerate) seconds. The returned samples_t
- * is valid until the next call of plm_audio_decode() or until the audio
- * decoder is destroyed.
- */
-plm_samples_t *plm_audio_decode(plm_audio_t *self);
-
-extern long plmpegdecode_latency_;
-
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_MPEG_H_ */

dsp/mpeg/pl_mpeg.c

@@ -2,3 +2,8 @@ __notice(pl_mpeg_notice, "\
 PL_MPEG (MIT License)\n\
 Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski\n\
 https://phoboslab.org");
+
+long plmpegdecode_latency_;
+
+#define PL_MPEG_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "pl_mpeg.h"

dsp/mpeg/plm.c

@@ -1,332 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:4;coding:utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set noet ft=c ts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8                                   :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│  PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer           │
-│  Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org                                  │
-│                                                                              │
-│  The MIT License(MIT)                                                        │
-│  Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski                                        │
-│                                                                              │
-│  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining       │
-│  a copy of this software and associated documentation files(the              │
-│  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including         │
-│  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,         │
-│  distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the Software, and to        │
-│  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to       │
-│  the following conditions:                                                   │
-│                                                                              │
-│    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be            │
-│    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.           │
-│                                                                              │
-│  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,             │
-│  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF          │
-│  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND                       │
-│  NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE       │
-│  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN             │
-│  ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN           │
-│  CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE            │
-│  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-__static_yoink("pl_mpeg_notice");
-
-/* clang-format off */
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// plm (high-level interface) implementation
-
-typedef struct plm_t {
-	plm_demux_t *demux;
-	double time;
-	int has_ended;
-	int loop;
-
-	int video_packet_type;
-	plm_buffer_t *video_buffer;
-	plm_video_t *video_decoder;
-
-	int audio_packet_type;
-	double audio_lead_time;
-	plm_buffer_t *audio_buffer;
-	plm_audio_t *audio_decoder;
-
-	plm_video_decode_callback video_decode_callback;
-	void *video_decode_callback_user_data;
-
-	plm_audio_decode_callback audio_decode_callback;
-	void *audio_decode_callback_user_data;
-} plm_t;
-
-void plm_handle_end(plm_t *self);
-void plm_read_video_packet(plm_buffer_t *buffer, void *user);
-void plm_read_audio_packet(plm_buffer_t *buffer, void *user);
-void plm_read_packets(plm_t *self, int requested_type);
-
-plm_t *plm_create_with_filename(const char *filename) {
-	plm_buffer_t *buffer = plm_buffer_create_with_filename(filename);
-	if (!buffer) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return plm_create_with_buffer(buffer, true);
-}
-
-plm_t *plm_create_with_file(FILE *fh, int close_when_done) {
-	plm_buffer_t *buffer = plm_buffer_create_with_file(fh, close_when_done);
-	return plm_create_with_buffer(buffer, true);
-}
-
-plm_t *plm_create_with_memory(uint8_t *bytes, size_t length, int free_when_done) {
-	plm_buffer_t *buffer = plm_buffer_create_with_memory(bytes, length, free_when_done);
-	return plm_create_with_buffer(buffer, true);
-}
-
-plm_t *plm_create_with_buffer(plm_buffer_t *buffer, int destroy_when_done) {
-	plm_t *self = (plm_t *)malloc(sizeof(plm_t));
-	memset(self, 0, sizeof(plm_t));
-
-	self->demux = plm_demux_create(buffer, destroy_when_done);
-
-	// In theory we should check plm_demux_get_num_video_streams() and
-	// plm_demux_get_num_audio_streams() here, but older files typically
-	// do not specify these correctly. So we just assume we have a video and
-	// audio stream and create the decoders.
-
-	self->video_packet_type = PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_VIDEO_1;
-	self->video_buffer = plm_buffer_create_with_capacity(PLM_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE);
-	plm_buffer_set_load_callback(self->video_buffer, plm_read_video_packet, self);
-
-	self->audio_packet_type = PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_1;
-	self->audio_buffer = plm_buffer_create_with_capacity(PLM_BUFFER_DEFAULT_SIZE);
-	plm_buffer_set_load_callback(self->audio_buffer, plm_read_audio_packet, self);
-
-	self->video_decoder = plm_video_create_with_buffer(self->video_buffer, true);
-	self->audio_decoder = plm_audio_create_with_buffer(self->audio_buffer, true);
-
-	return self;
-}
-
-void plm_destroy(plm_t *self) {
-	plm_video_destroy(self->video_decoder);
-	plm_audio_destroy(self->audio_decoder);
-	plm_demux_destroy(self->demux);
-	free(self);
-}
-
-int plm_get_audio_enabled(plm_t *self) {
-	return (self->audio_packet_type != 0);
-}
-
-void plm_set_audio_enabled(plm_t *self, int enabled, int stream_index) {
-	/* int num_streams = plm_demux_get_num_audio_streams(self->demux); */
-	self->audio_packet_type = (enabled && stream_index >= 0 && stream_index < 4)
-		? PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_AUDIO_1 + stream_index
-		: 0;
-}
-
-int plm_get_video_enabled(plm_t *self) {
-	return (self->video_packet_type != 0);
-}
-
-void plm_set_video_enabled(plm_t *self, int enabled) {
-	self->video_packet_type = (enabled)
-		? PLM_DEMUX_PACKET_VIDEO_1
-		: 0;
-}
-
-int plm_get_width(plm_t *self) {
-	return plm_video_get_width(self->video_decoder);
-}
-
-double plm_get_pixel_aspect_ratio(plm_t *self) {
-	return plm_video_get_pixel_aspect_ratio(self->video_decoder);
-}
-
-int plm_get_height(plm_t *self) {
-	return plm_video_get_height(self->video_decoder);
-}
-
-double plm_get_framerate(plm_t *self) {
-	return plm_video_get_framerate(self->video_decoder);
-}
-
-int plm_get_num_audio_streams(plm_t *self) {
-	// Some files do not specify the number of audio streams in the system header.
-	// If the reported number of streams is 0, we check if we have a samplerate,
-	// indicating at least one audio stream.
-	int num_streams = plm_demux_get_num_audio_streams(self->demux);
-	return num_streams == 0 && plm_get_samplerate(self) ? 1 : num_streams;
-}
-
-int plm_get_samplerate(plm_t *self) {
-	return plm_audio_get_samplerate(self->audio_decoder);
-}
-
-double plm_get_audio_lead_time(plm_t *self) {
-	return self->audio_lead_time;
-}
-
-void plm_set_audio_lead_time(plm_t *self, double lead_time) {
-	self->audio_lead_time = lead_time;
-}
-
-double plm_get_time(plm_t *self) {
-	return self->time;
-}
-
-void plm_rewind(plm_t *self) {
-	plm_video_rewind(self->video_decoder);
-	plm_audio_rewind(self->audio_decoder);
-	plm_demux_rewind(self->demux);
-	self->time = 0;
-}
-
-int plm_get_loop(plm_t *self) {
-	return self->loop;
-}
-
-void plm_set_loop(plm_t *self, int loop) {
-	self->loop = loop;
-}
-
-int plm_has_ended(plm_t *self) {
-	return self->has_ended;
-}
-
-void plm_set_video_decode_callback(plm_t *self, plm_video_decode_callback fp, void *user) {
-	self->video_decode_callback = fp;
-	self->video_decode_callback_user_data = user;
-}
-
-void plm_set_audio_decode_callback(plm_t *self, plm_audio_decode_callback fp, void *user) {
-	self->audio_decode_callback = fp;
-	self->audio_decode_callback_user_data = user;
-}
-
-int plm_decode(plm_t *self, double tick) {
-	DEBUGF("%s", "plm_decode");
-
-	int decode_video = (self->video_decode_callback && self->video_packet_type);
-	int decode_audio = (self->audio_decode_callback && self->audio_packet_type);
-
-	if (!decode_video && !decode_audio) {
-		// Nothing to do here
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	int did_decode = false;
-	int video_ended = false;
-	int audio_ended = false;
-
-	double video_target_time = self->time + tick;
-	double audio_target_time = self->time + tick;
-
-	if (self->audio_lead_time > 0 && decode_audio) {
-		video_target_time -= self->audio_lead_time;
-	}
-	else {
-		audio_target_time -= self->audio_lead_time;
-	}
-
-	do {
-		did_decode = false;
-
-		if (decode_video &&	plm_video_get_time(self->video_decoder) < video_target_time) {
-			plm_frame_t *frame = plm_video_decode(self->video_decoder);
-			if (frame) {
-				self->video_decode_callback(self, frame, self->video_decode_callback_user_data);
-				did_decode = true;
-			}
-			else {
-				video_ended = true;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (decode_audio && plm_audio_get_time(self->audio_decoder) < audio_target_time) {
-			plm_samples_t *samples = plm_audio_decode(self->audio_decoder);
-			if (samples) {
-				self->audio_decode_callback(self, samples, self->audio_decode_callback_user_data);
-				did_decode = true;
-			}
-			else {
-				audio_ended = true;
-			}
-		}
-	} while (did_decode);
-
-	// We wanted to decode something but failed -> the source must have ended
-	if ((!decode_video || video_ended) && (!decode_audio || audio_ended)) {
-		plm_handle_end(self);
-	}
-	else {
-		self->time += tick;
-	}
-
-	return did_decode ? true : false;
-}
-
-plm_frame_t *plm_decode_video(plm_t *self) {
-	if (!self->video_packet_type) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	plm_frame_t *frame = plm_video_decode(self->video_decoder);
-	if (frame) {
-		self->time = frame->time;
-	}
-	else {
-		plm_handle_end(self);
-	}
-	return frame;
-}
-
-plm_samples_t *plm_decode_audio(plm_t *self) {
-	if (!self->audio_packet_type) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	plm_samples_t *samples = plm_audio_decode(self->audio_decoder);
-	if (samples) {
-		self->time = samples->time;
-	}
-	else {
-		plm_handle_end(self);
-	}
-	return samples;
-}
-
-void plm_handle_end(plm_t *self) {
-	if (self->loop) {
-		plm_rewind(self);
-	}
-	else {
-		self->has_ended = true;
-	}
-}
-
-void plm_read_video_packet(plm_buffer_t *buffer, void *user) {
-	plm_t *self = (plm_t *)user;
-	plm_read_packets(self, self->video_packet_type);
-}
-
-void plm_read_audio_packet(plm_buffer_t *buffer, void *user) {
-	plm_t *self = (plm_t *)user;
-	plm_read_packets(self, self->audio_packet_type);
-}
-
-void plm_read_packets(plm_t *self, int requested_type) {
-	plm_packet_t *packet;
-	while ((packet = plm_demux_decode(self->demux))) {
-		if (packet->type == self->video_packet_type) {
-			plm_buffer_write(self->video_buffer, packet->data, packet->length);
-		}
-		else if (packet->type == self->audio_packet_type) {
-			plm_buffer_write(self->audio_buffer, packet->data, packet->length);
-		}
-		if (packet->type == requested_type) {
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-}

dsp/mpeg/slowrgb.c

@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:4;tab-width:4;coding:utf-8   -*-│
-│ vi: set et ft=c ts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi │
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│  PL_MPEG - MPEG1 Video decoder, MP2 Audio decoder, MPEG-PS demuxer           │
-│  Dominic Szablewski - https://phoboslab.org                                  │
-│                                                                              │
-│  The MIT License(MIT)                                                        │
-│  Copyright(c) 2019 Dominic Szablewski                                        │
-│                                                                              │
-│  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining       │
-│  a copy of this software and associated documentation files(the              │
-│  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including         │
-│  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,         │
-│  distribute, sublicense, and / or sell copies of the Software, and to        │
-│  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to       │
-│  the following conditions:                                                   │
-│                                                                              │
-│    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be            │
-│    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.           │
-│                                                                              │
-│  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,             │
-│  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF          │
-│  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND                       │
-│  NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE       │
-│  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN             │
-│  ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN           │
-│  CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE            │
-│  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-__static_yoink("pl_mpeg_notice");
-
-/**
- * @see YCbCr2RGB() in tool/viz/lib/ycbcr2rgb.c
- */
-void plm_frame_to_rgb(plm_frame_t *frame, uint8_t *rgb) {
-  // Chroma values are the same for each block of 4 pixels, so we process
-  // 2 lines at a time, 2 neighboring pixels each.
-  int w = frame->y.width, w2 = w >> 1;
-  int y_index1 = 0, y_index2 = w, y_next_2_lines = w + (w - frame->width);
-  int c_index = 0, c_next_line = w2 - (frame->width >> 1);
-  int rgb_index1 = 0, rgb_index2 = frame->width * 3,
-      rgb_next_2_lines = frame->width * 3;
-  int cols = frame->width >> 1, rows = frame->height >> 1;
-  int ccb, ccr, r, g, b;
-  uint8_t *y = frame->y.data, *cb = frame->cb.data, *cr = frame->cr.data;
-  for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++) {
-    for (int col = 0; col < cols; col++) {
-      ccb = cb[c_index];
-      ccr = cr[c_index];
-      c_index++;
-      r = (ccr + ((ccr * 103) >> 8)) - 179;
-      g = ((ccb * 88) >> 8) - 44 + ((ccr * 183) >> 8) - 91;
-      b = (ccb + ((ccb * 198) >> 8)) - 227;
-      // Line 1
-      int y1 = y[y_index1++];
-      int y2 = y[y_index1++];
-      rgb[rgb_index1 + 0] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y1 + r));
-      rgb[rgb_index1 + 1] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y1 - g));
-      rgb[rgb_index1 + 2] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y1 + b));
-      rgb[rgb_index1 + 3] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y2 + r));
-      rgb[rgb_index1 + 4] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y2 - g));
-      rgb[rgb_index1 + 5] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y2 + b));
-      rgb_index1 += 6;
-      // Line 2
-      int y3 = y[y_index2++];
-      int y4 = y[y_index2++];
-      rgb[rgb_index2 + 0] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y3 + r));
-      rgb[rgb_index2 + 1] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y3 - g));
-      rgb[rgb_index2 + 2] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y3 + b));
-      rgb[rgb_index2 + 3] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y4 + r));
-      rgb[rgb_index2 + 4] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y4 - g));
-      rgb[rgb_index2 + 5] = MAX(0, MIN(255, y4 + b));
-      rgb_index2 += 6;
-    }
-    y_index1 += y_next_2_lines;
-    y_index2 += y_next_2_lines;
-    rgb_index1 += rgb_next_2_lines;
-    rgb_index2 += rgb_next_2_lines;
-    c_index += c_next_line;
-  }
-}

dsp/mpeg/video.h

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_VIDEO_H_
-#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_VIDEO_H_
-#include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-
-typedef struct {
-  int full_px;
-  int is_set;
-  int r_size;
-  int h;
-  int v;
-} plm_video_motion_t;
-
-typedef struct plm_video_t {
-  double framerate;
-  double time;
-  double pixel_aspect_ratio;
-  int frames_decoded;
-  int width;
-  int height;
-  int mb_width;
-  int mb_height;
-  int mb_size;
-  int luma_width;
-  int luma_height;
-  int chroma_width;
-  int chroma_height;
-  int start_code;
-  int picture_type;
-  plm_video_motion_t motion_forward;
-  plm_video_motion_t motion_backward;
-  int has_sequence_header;
-  int quantizer_scale;
-  int slice_begin;
-  int macroblock_address;
-  int mb_row;
-  int mb_col;
-  int macroblock_type;
-  int macroblock_intra;
-  int dc_predictor[3];
-  plm_buffer_t *buffer;
-  int destroy_buffer_when_done;
-  plm_frame_t frame_current;
-  plm_frame_t frame_forward;
-  plm_frame_t frame_backward;
-  uint8_t *frames_data;
-  int block_data[64];
-  uint8_t intra_quant_matrix[64];
-  uint8_t non_intra_quant_matrix[64];
-  int has_reference_frame;
-  int assume_no_b_frames;
-} plm_video_t;
-
-void plm_video_process_macroblock_8(plm_video_t *, uint8_t *, uint8_t *, int,
-                                    int, bool);
-void plm_video_process_macroblock_16(plm_video_t *, uint8_t *, uint8_t *, int,
-                                     int, bool);
-
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
-#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_MPEG_VIDEO_H_ */

dsp/prog/BUILD.mk

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#── vi: set noet ft=make ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi ────────────────────┘
+
+PKGS += DSP_PROG
+
+DSP_PROG_FILES := $(wildcard dsp/prog/*)
+DSP_PROG_HDRS = $(filter %.h,$(DSP_PROG_FILES))
+DSP_PROG_SRCS = $(filter %.c,$(DSP_PROG_FILES))
+DSP_PROG_OBJS = $(DSP_PROG_SRCS:%.c=o/$(MODE)/%.o)
+DSP_PROG_COMS = $(DSP_PROG_SRCS:%.c=o/$(MODE)/%)
+DSP_PROG_BINS = $(DSP_PROG_COMS) $(DSP_PROG_COMS:%=%.dbg)
+
+DSP_PROG_DIRECTDEPS =				\
+	DSP_AUDIO				\
+	LIBC_CALLS				\
+	LIBC_INTRIN				\
+	LIBC_NEXGEN32E				\
+	LIBC_RUNTIME				\
+	LIBC_SOCK				\
+	LIBC_STDIO				\
+	LIBC_SYSV				\
+	LIBC_TINYMATH				\
+	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL			\
+
+DSP_PROG_DEPS :=				\
+	$(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(DSP_PROG_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x))))
+
+o/$(MODE)/dsp/prog/prog.pkg:			\
+		$(DSP_PROG_OBJS)		\
+		$(foreach x,$(DSP_PROG_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)
+
+o/$(MODE)/dsp/prog/%.dbg:			\
+		$(DSP_PROG_DEPS)		\
+		o/$(MODE)/dsp/prog/prog.pkg	\
+		o/$(MODE)/dsp/prog/%.o		\
+		$(CRT)				\
+		$(APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF)
+	@$(APELINK)
+
+$(DSP_PROG_OBJS): dsp/prog/BUILD.mk
+
+.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/dsp/prog
+o/$(MODE)/dsp/prog: $(DSP_PROG_BINS)

dsp/prog/loudness.h

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_PROG_LOUDNESS_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_PROG_LOUDNESS_H_
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define MIN_DECIBEL -60
+#define MAX_DECIBEL 0
+
+// computes root of mean squares
+static double rms(float *p, int n) {
+  double s = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+    s += p[i] * p[i];
+  return sqrt(s / n);
+}
+
+// converts rms to decibel
+static double rms_to_db(double rms) {
+  double db = 20 * log10(rms);
+  db = fmin(db, MAX_DECIBEL);
+  db = fmax(db, MIN_DECIBEL);
+  return db;
+}
+
+// char meter[21];
+// format_decibel_meter(meter, 20, rms_to_db(rms(samps, count)))
+static char *format_decibel_meter(char *meter, int width, double db) {
+  double range = MAX_DECIBEL - MIN_DECIBEL;
+  int filled = (db - MIN_DECIBEL) / range * width;
+  for (int i = 0; i < width; ++i) {
+    if (i < filled) {
+      meter[i] = '=';
+    } else {
+      meter[i] = ' ';
+    }
+  }
+  meter[width] = 0;
+  return meter;
+}
+
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_PROG_LOUDNESS_H_ */

dsp/prog/recvaudio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <cosmoaudio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include "loudness.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview plays audio from remote computer on speaker
+ * @see dsp/prog/sendaudio.c
+ */
+
+#define SAMPLING_RATE     44100
+#define FRAMES_PER_SECOND 60
+#define DEBUG_LOG         0
+#define PORT              9834
+
+#define CHUNK_FRAMES (SAMPLING_RATE / FRAMES_PER_SECOND)
+
+static_assert(CHUNK_FRAMES * sizeof(short) < 1472,
+              "audio chunks won't fit in udp ethernet packet");
+
+sig_atomic_t g_done;
+
+void onsig(int sig) {
+  g_done = 1;
+}
+
+short toshort(float x) {
+  return fmaxf(-1, fminf(1, x)) * 32767;
+}
+
+float tofloat(short x) {
+  return x / 32768.f;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+
+  // listen on udp port for audio
+  int server;
+  if ((server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {
+    perror("socket");
+    return 3;
+  }
+  struct sockaddr_in addr = {.sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_port = htons(PORT)};
+  if (bind(server, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr))) {
+    perror("bind");
+    return 4;
+  }
+
+  // setup signals
+  struct sigaction sa;
+  sa.sa_flags = 0;
+  sa.sa_handler = onsig;
+  sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+  sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, 0);
+
+  // configure cosmo audio
+  struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions cao = {0};
+  cao.sizeofThis = sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions);
+  cao.deviceType = kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback;
+  cao.sampleRate = SAMPLING_RATE;
+  cao.bufferFrames = CHUNK_FRAMES * 2;
+  cao.debugLog = DEBUG_LOG;
+  cao.channels = 1;
+
+  // connect to microphone and speaker
+  int status;
+  struct CosmoAudio* ca;
+  status = cosmoaudio_open(&ca, &cao);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to open audio: %d\n", status);
+    return 5;
+  }
+
+  while (!g_done) {
+    // read from network
+    ssize_t got;
+    short buf16[CHUNK_FRAMES];
+    if ((got = read(server, buf16, CHUNK_FRAMES * sizeof(short))) == -1) {
+      if (errno == EINTR)
+        continue;
+      perror("read");
+      return 7;
+    }
+    if (got != CHUNK_FRAMES * sizeof(short)) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "warning: got partial audio frame\n");
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // write to speaker
+    float buf32[CHUNK_FRAMES];
+    for (int i = 0; i < CHUNK_FRAMES; ++i)
+      buf32[i] = tofloat(buf16[i]);
+    cosmoaudio_poll(ca, 0, (int[]){CHUNK_FRAMES});
+    cosmoaudio_write(ca, buf32, CHUNK_FRAMES);
+
+    // print loudness in ascii
+    char meter[21];
+    double db = rms_to_db(rms(buf32, CHUNK_FRAMES));
+    format_decibel_meter(meter, 20, db);
+    printf("\r%s| %+6.2f dB", meter, db);
+    fflush(stdout);
+  }
+
+  // clean up resources
+  cosmoaudio_flush(ca);
+  cosmoaudio_close(ca);
+  close(server);
+}

dsp/prog/sendaudio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <cosmoaudio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include "loudness.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview sends audio from microphone to remote computer
+ * @see dsp/prog/recvaudio.c
+ */
+
+#define SAMPLING_RATE     44100
+#define FRAMES_PER_SECOND 60
+#define DEBUG_LOG         0
+#define PORT              9834
+
+#define CHUNK_FRAMES (SAMPLING_RATE / FRAMES_PER_SECOND)
+
+static_assert(CHUNK_FRAMES * sizeof(short) < 1472,
+              "audio chunks won't fit in udp ethernet packet");
+
+sig_atomic_t g_done;
+
+void onsig(int sig) {
+  g_done = 1;
+}
+
+short toshort(float x) {
+  return fmaxf(-1, fminf(1, x)) * 32767;
+}
+
+float tofloat(short x) {
+  return x / 32768.f;
+}
+
+uint32_t host2ip(const char* host) {
+  uint32_t ip;
+  if ((ip = inet_addr(host)) != -1u)
+    return ip;
+  int rc;
+  struct addrinfo* ai = NULL;
+  struct addrinfo hint = {AI_NUMERICSERV, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP};
+  if ((rc = getaddrinfo(host, "0", &hint, &ai))) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", host, gai_strerror(rc));
+    exit(50 + rc);
+  }
+  ip = ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in*)ai->ai_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
+  freeaddrinfo(ai);
+  return ip;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+
+  if (argc != 2) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: missing host argument\n", argv[0]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // get host argument
+  const char* remote_host = argv[1];
+  uint32_t ip = host2ip(remote_host);
+
+  // connect to server
+  int client;
+  if ((client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {
+    perror(remote_host);
+    return 3;
+  }
+  struct sockaddr_in addr = {.sin_family = AF_INET,
+                             .sin_port = htons(PORT),
+                             .sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(ip)};
+  if (connect(client, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr))) {
+    perror(remote_host);
+    return 4;
+  }
+
+  // setup signals
+  struct sigaction sa;
+  sa.sa_flags = 0;
+  sa.sa_handler = onsig;
+  sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+  sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, 0);
+
+  // configure cosmo audio
+  struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions cao = {0};
+  cao.sizeofThis = sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions);
+  cao.deviceType = kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture;
+  cao.sampleRate = SAMPLING_RATE;
+  cao.bufferFrames = CHUNK_FRAMES * 2;
+  cao.debugLog = DEBUG_LOG;
+  cao.channels = 1;
+
+  // connect to microphone and speaker
+  int status;
+  struct CosmoAudio* ca;
+  status = cosmoaudio_open(&ca, &cao);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to open audio: %d\n", status);
+    return 5;
+  }
+
+  while (!g_done) {
+    // read from microphone
+    float buf32[CHUNK_FRAMES];
+    cosmoaudio_poll(ca, (int[]){CHUNK_FRAMES}, 0);
+    cosmoaudio_read(ca, buf32, CHUNK_FRAMES);
+    short buf16[CHUNK_FRAMES];
+    for (int i = 0; i < CHUNK_FRAMES; ++i)
+      buf16[i] = toshort(buf32[i]);
+
+    // send to server
+    if (write(client, buf16, CHUNK_FRAMES * sizeof(short)) == -1) {
+      if (errno == EINTR && g_done)
+        break;
+      perror(remote_host);
+      return 7;
+    }
+
+    // print loudness in ascii
+    char meter[21];
+    double db = rms_to_db(rms(buf32, CHUNK_FRAMES));
+    format_decibel_meter(meter, 20, db);
+    printf("\r%s| %+6.2f dB", meter, db);
+    fflush(stdout);
+  }
+
+  // clean up resources
+  cosmoaudio_close(ca);
+  close(client);
+}

dsp/scale/BUILD.mk

@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ $(DSP_SCALE_A).pkg:				\
 		$(DSP_SCALE_A_OBJS)		\
 		$(foreach x,$(DSP_SCALE_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)
 
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86_64)
+o/$(MODE)/dsp/scale/cdecimate2xuint8x8.o: private \
+		CFLAGS +=			\
+			-mssse3
+endif
+
 o/$(MODE)/dsp/scale/cdecimate2xuint8x8.o	\
 o/$(MODE)/dsp/scale/gyarados.o			\
 o/$(MODE)/dsp/scale/magikarp.o			\

dsp/scale/cdecimate2xuint8x8.c

@@ -16,17 +16,20 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/assert.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/packuswb.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/paddw.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/palignr.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/pmaddubsw.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/psraw.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "third_party/intel/immintrin.internal.h"
 
+/**
+ * Performs 2D Motion Picture Convolution Acceleration by Leveraging SSSE3.
+ *
+ * @note H/T John Costella, Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier
+ * @note RIP Huixiang Chen
+ */
+void *cDecimate2xUint8x8(unsigned long n, unsigned char A[n],
+                         const signed char K[8]) {
+#ifdef __x86_64__
 #define TAPS       8
 #define RATIO      2
 #define OFFSET     3
@@ -37,62 +40,107 @@
 #define LOOKAHEAD  (SPREAD - LOOKBEHIND)
 #define SCALE      5
 #define ROUND      (1 << (SCALE - 1))
-
-/**
- * Performs 2D Motion Picture Convolution Acceleration by Leveraging SSSE3.
- *
- * @note H/T John Costella, Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier
- * @note RIP Huixiang Chen
- */
-void *cDecimate2xUint8x8(unsigned long n, unsigned char A[n],
-                         const signed char K[8]) {
-  short kRound[8] = {ROUND, ROUND, ROUND, ROUND, ROUND, ROUND, ROUND, ROUND};
-  signed char kMadd1[16] = {K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1],
-                            K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1]};
-  signed char kMadd2[16] = {K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3],
-                            K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3]};
-  signed char kMadd3[16] = {K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5],
-                            K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5]};
-  signed char kMadd4[16] = {K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7],
-                            K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7]};
-  unsigned char bv0[16], bv1[16], bv2[16], bv3[16];
-  unsigned char in1[16], in2[16], in3[16];
-  short wv0[8], wv1[8], wv2[8], wv3[8];
+  __m128i kRound = _mm_set1_epi16(ROUND);
+  __m128i kMadd1 = _mm_set_epi8(K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0],
+                                K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0], K[1], K[0]);
+  __m128i kMadd2 = _mm_set_epi8(K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2],
+                                K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2], K[3], K[2]);
+  __m128i kMadd3 = _mm_set_epi8(K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4],
+                                K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4], K[5], K[4]);
+  __m128i kMadd4 = _mm_set_epi8(K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6],
+                                K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6], K[7], K[6]);
+  __m128i bv0, bv1, bv2, bv3;
+  __m128i in1, in2, in3;
+  __m128i wv0, wv1, wv2, wv3;
   unsigned long i, j, w;
   if (n >= STRIDE) {
     i = 0;
     w = (n + RATIO / 2) / RATIO;
-    memset(in1, A[0], sizeof(in1));
-    memset(in2, A[n - 1], 16);
-    memcpy(in2, A, MIN(16, n));
+    in1 = _mm_set1_epi8(A[0]);
+    in2 = _mm_set1_epi8(A[n - 1]);
+    _mm_storeu_si128((__m128i *)&in2, _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)A));
     for (; i < w; i += STRIDE) {
       j = i * RATIO + 16;
       if (j + 16 <= n) {
-        memcpy(in3, &A[j], 16);
+        in3 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)&A[j]);
       } else {
-        memset(in3, A[n - 1], 16);
+        in3 = _mm_set1_epi8(A[n - 1]);
         if (j < n) {
-          memcpy(in3, &A[j], n - j);
+          // SSSE3-compatible way to handle partial loads
+          __m128i mask = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)&A[j]);
+          __m128i shuffle_mask = _mm_set_epi8(15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7,
+                                              6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0);
+          __m128i index = _mm_set1_epi8(n - j);
+          __m128i cmp = _mm_cmplt_epi8(shuffle_mask, index);
+          in3 = _mm_or_si128(_mm_and_si128(cmp, mask),
+                             _mm_andnot_si128(cmp, in3));
         }
       }
-      palignr(bv0, in2, in1, 13);
-      palignr(bv1, in2, in1, 15);
-      palignr(bv2, in3, in2, 1);
-      palignr(bv3, in3, in2, 3);
-      pmaddubsw(wv0, bv0, kMadd1);
-      pmaddubsw(wv1, bv1, kMadd2);
-      pmaddubsw(wv2, bv2, kMadd3);
-      pmaddubsw(wv3, bv3, kMadd4);
-      paddw(wv0, wv0, kRound);
-      paddw(wv0, wv0, wv1);
-      paddw(wv0, wv0, wv2);
-      paddw(wv0, wv0, wv3);
-      psraw(wv0, wv0, SCALE);
-      packuswb(bv2, wv0, wv0);
-      memcpy(&A[i], bv2, STRIDE);
-      memcpy(in1, in2, 16);
-      memcpy(in2, in3, 16);
+      bv0 = _mm_alignr_epi8(in2, in1, 13);
+      bv1 = _mm_alignr_epi8(in2, in1, 15);
+      bv2 = _mm_alignr_epi8(in3, in2, 1);
+      bv3 = _mm_alignr_epi8(in3, in2, 3);
+      wv0 = _mm_maddubs_epi16(bv0, kMadd1);
+      wv1 = _mm_maddubs_epi16(bv1, kMadd2);
+      wv2 = _mm_maddubs_epi16(bv2, kMadd3);
+      wv3 = _mm_maddubs_epi16(bv3, kMadd4);
+      wv0 = _mm_add_epi16(wv0, kRound);
+      wv0 = _mm_add_epi16(wv0, wv1);
+      wv0 = _mm_add_epi16(wv0, wv2);
+      wv0 = _mm_add_epi16(wv0, wv3);
+      wv0 = _mm_srai_epi16(wv0, SCALE);
+      bv2 = _mm_packus_epi16(wv0, wv0);
+      _mm_storel_epi64((__m128i *)&A[i], bv2);
+      in1 = in2;
+      in2 = in3;
     }
   }
   return A;
+#else
+  long h, i;
+  if (n < 2)
+    return A;
+  unsigned char M[3 + n + 4];
+  unsigned char *q = M;
+  q[0] = A[0];
+  q[1] = A[0];
+  q[2] = A[0];
+  memcpy(q + 3, A, n);
+  q[3 + n + 0] = A[n - 1];
+  q[3 + n + 1] = A[n - 1];
+  q[3 + n + 2] = A[n - 1];
+  q[3 + n + 3] = A[n - 1];
+  q += 3;
+  h = (n + 1) >> 1;
+  for (i = 0; i < h; ++i) {
+    short x0, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, x7;
+    x0 = q[i * 2 - 3];
+    x1 = q[i * 2 - 2];
+    x2 = q[i * 2 - 1];
+    x3 = q[i * 2 + 0];
+    x4 = q[i * 2 + 1];
+    x5 = q[i * 2 + 2];
+    x6 = q[i * 2 + 3];
+    x7 = q[i * 2 + 4];
+    x0 *= K[0];
+    x1 *= K[1];
+    x2 *= K[2];
+    x3 *= K[3];
+    x4 *= K[4];
+    x5 *= K[5];
+    x6 *= K[6];
+    x7 *= K[7];
+    x0 += x1;
+    x2 += x3;
+    x4 += x5;
+    x6 += x7;
+    x0 += x2;
+    x4 += x6;
+    x0 += x4;
+    x0 += 1 << 4;
+    x0 >>= 5;
+    A[i] = MIN(255, MAX(0, x0));
+  }
+  return A;
+#endif
 }

dsp/scale/gyarados.c

@@ -164,12 +164,19 @@ static void GyaradosImpl(long dyw, long dxw, int dst[dyw][dxw], long syw,
       tmp0[dy][sx] = QRS(M, eax);
     }
   }
+  if (sharpen) {
     for (dy = 0; dy < dyn; ++dy) {
       for (sx = 0; sx < sxn; ++sx) {
-      tmp1[dy][sx] = sharpen ? Sharpen(tmp0[MIN(dyn - 1, MAX(0, dy - 1))][sx],
-                                       tmp0[dy][sx],
-                                       tmp0[MIN(dyn - 1, MAX(0, dy + 1))][sx])
-                             : tmp0[dy][sx];
+        tmp1[dy][sx] =
+            Sharpen(tmp0[MIN(dyn - 1, MAX(0, dy - 1))][sx], tmp0[dy][sx],
+                    tmp0[MIN(dyn - 1, MAX(0, dy + 1))][sx]);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (dy = 0; dy < dyn; ++dy) {
+      for (sx = 0; sx < sxn; ++sx) {
+        tmp1[dy][sx] = tmp0[dy][sx];
+      }
     }
   }
   for (dx = 0; dx < dxn; ++dx) {
@@ -180,12 +187,19 @@ static void GyaradosImpl(long dyw, long dxw, int dst[dyw][dxw], long syw,
       tmp2[dy][dx] = QRS(M, eax);
     }
   }
+  if (sharpen) {
     for (dx = 0; dx < dxn; ++dx) {
       for (dy = 0; dy < dyn; ++dy) {
-      dst[dy][dx] = sharpen ? Sharpen(tmp2[dy][MIN(dxn - 1, MAX(0, dx - 1))],
-                                      tmp2[dy][dx],
-                                      tmp2[dy][MIN(dxn - 1, MAX(0, dx + 1))])
-                            : tmp2[dy][dx];
+        dst[dy][dx] =
+            Sharpen(tmp2[dy][MIN(dxn - 1, MAX(0, dx - 1))], tmp2[dy][dx],
+                    tmp2[dy][MIN(dxn - 1, MAX(0, dx + 1))]);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (dx = 0; dx < dxn; ++dx) {
+      for (dy = 0; dy < dyn; ++dy) {
+        dst[dy][dx] = tmp2[dy][dx];
+      }
     }
   }
 }

examples/BUILD.mk

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ EXAMPLES_BINS =							\
 
 EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	CTL							\
+	DSP_AUDIO						\
 	DSP_CORE						\
 	DSP_SCALE						\
 	DSP_TTY							\
@@ -53,8 +54,8 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E						\
 	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32					\
 	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI					\
-	LIBC_NT_MEMORY						\
 	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32					\
+	LIBC_NT_MEMORY						\
 	LIBC_NT_NTDLL						\
 	LIBC_NT_USER32						\
 	LIBC_NT_WS2_32						\
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	LIBC_SOCK						\
 	LIBC_STDIO						\
 	LIBC_STR						\
+	LIBC_SYSTEM						\
 	LIBC_SYSV						\
 	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS						\
 	LIBC_TESTLIB						\
@@ -80,6 +82,8 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_HIREDIS					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXX					\
+	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXXABI					\
+	THIRD_PARTY_LIBUNWIND					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LINENOISE					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LUA						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MBEDTLS					\
@@ -93,11 +97,10 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_TZ						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_VQSORT					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_XED						\
-	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXXABI					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB					\
 	TOOL_ARGS						\
 	TOOL_BUILD_LIB						\
-	TOOL_VIZ_LIB
+	TOOL_VIZ_LIB						\
 
 EXAMPLES_DEPS :=						\
 	$(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x))))
@@ -148,6 +151,10 @@ o/$(MODE)/examples/picol.o: private				\
 		CPPFLAGS +=					\
 			-DSTACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED
 
+o/$(MODE)/examples/nesemu1.o: private				\
+		CPPFLAGS +=					\
+			-O3
+
 o/$(MODE)/examples/picol.dbg:					\
 		$(EXAMPLES_DEPS)				\
 		o/$(MODE)/examples/picol.o			\

examples/a440.c

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <cosmoaudio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview plays pure A.440 tone on speakers for 1 second
+ * @see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A440_%28pitch_standard%29
+ */
+
+#define SAMPLING_RATE 44100
+#define WAVE_INTERVAL 440
+#define CHANNELS      2
+#define LOUDNESS      .3
+#define DEBUG_LOG     1
+
+int main() {
+
+  struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions cao = {0};
+  cao.sizeofThis = sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions);
+  cao.deviceType = kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback;
+  cao.sampleRate = SAMPLING_RATE;
+  cao.debugLog = DEBUG_LOG;
+  cao.channels = CHANNELS;
+
+  int status;
+  struct CosmoAudio *ca;
+  status = cosmoaudio_open(&ca, &cao);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to open audio: %d\n", status);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  float buf[256 * CHANNELS];
+  for (int g = 0; g < SAMPLING_RATE;) {
+    int frames = 1;
+    status = cosmoaudio_poll(ca, NULL, &frames);
+    if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "failed to poll output: %d\n", status);
+      return 2;
+    }
+    if (frames > 256)
+      frames = 256;
+    if (frames > SAMPLING_RATE - g)
+      frames = SAMPLING_RATE - g;
+    for (int f = 0; f < frames; ++f) {
+      float t = (float)g++ / SAMPLING_RATE;
+      float s = sinf(2 * M_PIf * WAVE_INTERVAL * t);
+      for (int c = 0; c < CHANNELS; c++)
+        buf[f * CHANNELS + c] = s * LOUDNESS;
+    }
+    status = cosmoaudio_write(ca, buf, frames);
+    if (status != frames) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "failed to write output: %d\n", status);
+      return 3;
+    }
+  }
+
+  status = cosmoaudio_flush(ca);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to flush output: %d\n", status);
+    return 4;
+  }
+
+  status = cosmoaudio_close(ca);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to close audio: %d\n", status);
+    return 5;
+  }
+}

examples/aba.c

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <cosmo.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+// lockless push / pop tutorial
+//
+// this file demonstrates how to create a singly linked list that can be
+// pushed and popped across multiple threads, using only atomics. atomic
+// operations (rather than using a mutex) make push/pop go faster and it
+// ensures asynchronous signal safety too. therefore it will be safe for
+// use in a variety of contexts, such as signal handlers.
+
+#define THREADS    128
+#define ITERATIONS 10000
+
+// adjust mask based on alignment of list struct
+//
+// - 0x00fffffffffffff0 may be used if List* is always 16-byte aligned.
+//   We know that's the case here, because we call malloc() to create
+//   every List* object, and malloc() results are always max aligned.
+//
+// - 0x00fffffffffffff8 may be used if List* is always 8-byte aligned.
+//   This might be the case if you're pushing and popping stuff that was
+//   allocated from an array, to avoid malloc() calls. This has one
+//   fewer byte of safeguards against the ABA problem though.
+//
+// - 0x00fffffffffff000 may be used if List* is always page aligned.
+//   This is a good choice if you use mmap() to allocate each List*
+//   element, since it offers maximum protection against ABA.
+//
+// - only the highest byte of a 64-bit pointer is safe to use on our
+//   supported platforms. on most x86 and arm systems, it's possible to
+//   use the top sixteen bits. however that's not the case on more
+//   recent high end x86-64 systems that have pml5t.
+//
+#define MASQUE 0x00fffffffffffff0
+
+#define PTR(x)    ((uintptr_t)(x) & MASQUE)
+#define TAG(x)    ROL((uintptr_t)(x) & ~MASQUE, 8)
+#define ABA(p, t) ((uintptr_t)(p) | (ROR((uintptr_t)(t), 8) & ~MASQUE))
+#define ROL(x, n) (((x) << (n)) | ((x) >> (64 - (n))))
+#define ROR(x, n) (((x) >> (n)) | ((x) << (64 - (n))))
+
+struct List {
+  struct List* next;
+  int count;
+};
+
+atomic_uintptr_t list;
+
+void push(struct List* elem) {
+  uintptr_t tip;
+  assert(!TAG(elem));
+  for (tip = atomic_load_explicit(&list, memory_order_relaxed);;) {
+    elem->next = (struct List*)PTR(tip);
+    if (atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit(
+            &list, &tip, ABA(elem, TAG(tip) + 1), memory_order_release,
+            memory_order_relaxed))
+      break;
+    pthread_pause_np();
+  }
+}
+
+struct List* pop(void) {
+  uintptr_t tip;
+  struct List* elem;
+  tip = atomic_load_explicit(&list, memory_order_relaxed);
+  while ((elem = (struct List*)PTR(tip))) {
+    if (atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit(
+            &list, &tip, ABA(elem->next, TAG(tip) + 1), memory_order_acquire,
+            memory_order_relaxed))
+      break;
+    pthread_pause_np();
+  }
+  return elem;
+}
+
+void* tester(void* arg) {
+  struct List* elem;
+  for (int i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; ++i) {
+    while (!(elem = pop())) {
+      elem = malloc(sizeof(*elem));
+      elem->count = 0;
+      push(elem);
+    }
+    elem->count++;
+    push(elem);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int main() {
+  printf("testing aba problem...");
+  fflush(stdout);
+  pthread_t th[THREADS];
+  for (int i = 0; i < THREADS; ++i)
+    pthread_create(&th[i], 0, tester, 0);
+  for (int i = 0; i < THREADS; ++i)
+    pthread_join(th[i], 0);
+  int sum = 0;
+  struct List* elem;
+  while ((elem = pop())) {
+    printf(" %d", elem->count);
+    sum += elem->count;
+    free(elem);
+  }
+  printf("\n");
+  assert(sum == ITERATIONS * THREADS);
+  printf("you are the dancing queen\n");
+  CheckForMemoryLeaks();
+}

examples/art.c

@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <iconv.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview program for viewing bbs art files
+ * @see https://github.com/blocktronics/artpacks
+ * @see http://www.textfiles.com/art/
+ */
+
+#define HELP \
+  "Usage:\n\
+    art [-b %d] [-f %s] [-t %s] FILE...\n\
+\n\
+Flags:\n\
+    -b NUMBER   specifies simulated modem baud rate, which defaults to\n\
+                2400 since that was the most common modem speed in the\n\
+                later half of the 1980s during the BBS golden age; you\n\
+                could also say 300 for the slowest experience possible\n\
+                or you could say 14.4k to get more of a 90's feel, and\n\
+                there's also the infamous 56k to bring you back to y2k\n\
+    -f CHARSET  specifies charset of input bytes, where the default is\n\
+                cp347 which means IBM Code Page 347 a.k.a. DOS\n\
+    -t CHARSET  specifies output charset used by your terminal, and it\n\
+                defaults to utf8 a.k.a. thompson-pike encoding\n\
+\n\
+Supported charsets:\n\
+    utf8, ascii, wchar_t, ucs2be, ucs2le, utf16be, utf16le, ucs4be,\n\
+    ucs4le, utf16, ucs4, ucs2, eucjp, shiftjis, iso2022jp, gb18030, gbk,\n\
+    gb2312, big5, euckr, iso88591, latin1, iso88592, iso88593, iso88594,\n\
+    iso88595, iso88596, iso88597, iso88598, iso88599, iso885910,\n\
+    iso885911, iso885913, iso885914, iso885915, iso885916, cp1250,\n\
+    windows1250, cp1251, windows1251, cp1252, windows1252, cp1253,\n\
+    windows1253, cp1254, windows1254, cp1255, windows1255, cp1256,\n\
+    windows1256, cp1257, windows1257, cp1258, windows1258, koi8r, koi8u,\n\
+    cp437, cp850, cp866, ibm1047, cp1047.\n\
+\n\
+See also:\n\
+    http://www.textfiles.com/art/\n\
+    https://github.com/blocktronics/artpacks\n\
+\n"
+
+#define INBUFSZ 256
+#define OUBUFSZ (INBUFSZ * 6)
+#define SLIT(s) ((unsigned)s[3] << 24 | s[2] << 16 | s[1] << 8 | s[0])
+
+// "When new technology comes out, people don't all buy it right away.
+//  If what they have works, some will wait until it doesn't. A few
+//  people do get the latest though. In 1984 2400 baud modems became
+//  available, so some people had them, but many didn't. A BBS list
+//  from 1986 shows operators were mostly 300 and 1200, but some were
+//  using 2400. The next 5 years were the hayday of the 2400."
+//
+// https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/the-2400-baud-modem.44241/
+
+int baud_rate = 2400;                // -b 2400
+const char* from_charset = "CP437";  // -f CP437
+const char* to_charset = "UTF-8";    // -t UTF-8
+
+volatile sig_atomic_t done;
+
+void on_signal(int sig) {
+  done = 1;
+  (void)sig;
+}
+
+void print(const char* s) {
+  (void)!write(STDOUT_FILENO, s, strlen(s));
+}
+
+int encode_character(char output[8], const char* codec, wchar_t character) {
+  size_t inbytesleft = sizeof(wchar_t);
+  size_t outbytesleft = 7;
+  char* inbuf = (char*)&character;
+  char* outbuf = output;
+  iconv_t cd = iconv_open(codec, "wchar_t");
+  if (cd == (iconv_t)-1)
+    return -1;
+  size_t result = iconv(cd, &inbuf, &inbytesleft, &outbuf, &outbytesleft);
+  iconv_close(cd);
+  if (result == (size_t)-1)
+    return -1;
+  *outbuf = '\0';
+  return 7 - outbytesleft;
+}
+
+void append_replacement_character(char** b) {
+  int n = encode_character(*b, to_charset, 0xFFFD);
+  if (n == -1)
+    n = encode_character(*b, to_charset, '?');
+  if (n != -1)
+    *b += n;
+}
+
+int compare_time(struct timespec a, struct timespec b) {
+  int cmp;
+  if (!(cmp = (a.tv_sec > b.tv_sec) - (a.tv_sec < b.tv_sec)))
+    cmp = (a.tv_nsec > b.tv_nsec) - (a.tv_nsec < b.tv_nsec);
+  return cmp;
+}
+
+struct timespec add_time(struct timespec x, struct timespec y) {
+  x.tv_sec += y.tv_sec;
+  x.tv_nsec += y.tv_nsec;
+  if (x.tv_nsec >= 1000000000) {
+    x.tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
+    x.tv_sec += 1;
+  }
+  return x;
+}
+
+struct timespec subtract_time(struct timespec a, struct timespec b) {
+  a.tv_sec -= b.tv_sec;
+  if (a.tv_nsec < b.tv_nsec) {
+    a.tv_nsec += 1000000000;
+    a.tv_sec--;
+  }
+  a.tv_nsec -= b.tv_nsec;
+  return a;
+}
+
+struct timespec fromnanos(long long x) {
+  struct timespec ts;
+  ts.tv_sec = x / 1000000000;
+  ts.tv_nsec = x % 1000000000;
+  return ts;
+}
+
+void process_file(const char* path, int fd, iconv_t cd) {
+  size_t carry = 0;
+  struct timespec next;
+  char input_buffer[INBUFSZ];
+
+  clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &next);
+
+  for (;;) {
+
+    // read from file
+    ssize_t bytes_read = read(fd, input_buffer + carry, INBUFSZ - carry);
+    if (!bytes_read)
+      return;
+    if (bytes_read == -1) {
+      perror(path);
+      done = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // modernize character set
+    char* input_ptr = input_buffer;
+    size_t input_left = carry + bytes_read;
+    char output_buffer[OUBUFSZ];
+    char* output_ptr = output_buffer;
+    size_t output_left = OUBUFSZ;
+    size_t ir = iconv(cd, &input_ptr, &input_left, &output_ptr, &output_left);
+    carry = 0;
+    if (ir == (size_t)-1) {
+      if (errno == EINVAL) {
+        // incomplete multibyte sequence encountered
+        memmove(input_buffer, input_ptr, input_left);
+        carry = input_left;
+      } else if (errno == EILSEQ && input_left) {
+        // EILSEQ means either
+        // 1. illegal input sequence encountered
+        // 2. code not encodable in output codec
+        //
+        // so we skip one byte of input, and insert <20> or ? in the output
+        // this isn't the most desirable behavior, but it is the best we
+        // can do, since we don't know specifics about the codecs in use
+        //
+        // unlike glibc cosmo's iconv implementation may handle case (2)
+        // automatically by inserting an asterisk in place of a sequence
+        ++input_ptr;
+        --input_left;
+        memmove(input_buffer, input_ptr, input_left);
+        carry = input_left;
+        if (output_left >= 8)
+          append_replacement_character(&output_ptr);
+      } else {
+        perror(path);
+        done = 1;
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // write to terminal
+    for (char* p = output_buffer; p < output_ptr; p++) {
+      if (done)
+        return;
+
+      (void)!write(STDOUT_FILENO, p, 1);
+
+      // allow arrow keys to change baud rate
+      int have;
+      if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, FIONREAD, &have)) {
+        perror("ioctl");
+        done = 1;
+        return;
+      }
+      if (have > 0) {
+        char key[4] = {0};
+        if (read(STDIN_FILENO, key, sizeof(key)) > 0) {
+          if (SLIT(key) == SLIT("\33[A") ||  // up
+              SLIT(key) == SLIT("\33[C")) {  // right
+            baud_rate *= 1.4;
+          } else if (SLIT(key) == SLIT("\33[B") ||  // down
+                     SLIT(key) == SLIT("\33[D")) {  // left
+            baud_rate *= 0.6;
+          }
+          if (baud_rate < 3)
+            baud_rate = 3;
+          if (baud_rate > 1000000000)
+            baud_rate = 1000000000;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // insert artificial delay for one byte. we divide by 10 to convert
+      // bits to bytes, because that is how many bits 8-N-1 encoding used
+      struct timespec now;
+      clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
+      next = add_time(next, fromnanos(1e9 / (baud_rate / 10.)));
+      if (compare_time(next, now) > 0) {
+        struct timespec sleep = subtract_time(next, now);
+        nanosleep(&sleep, 0);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+  int opt;
+  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hb:f:t:")) != -1) {
+    switch (opt) {
+      case 'b': {
+        char* endptr;
+        double rate = strtod(optarg, &endptr);
+        if (*endptr == 'k') {
+          rate *= 1e3;
+          ++endptr;
+        } else if (*endptr == 'm') {
+          rate *= 1e6;
+          ++endptr;
+        }
+        if (*endptr || baud_rate <= 0) {
+          fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid baud rate: %s\n", argv[0], optarg);
+          exit(1);
+        }
+        baud_rate = rate;
+        break;
+      }
+      case 'f':
+        from_charset = optarg;
+        break;
+      case 't':
+        to_charset = optarg;
+        break;
+      case 'h':
+        fprintf(stderr, HELP, baud_rate, from_charset, to_charset);
+        exit(0);
+      default:
+        fprintf(stderr, "protip: pass the -h flag for help\n");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+  }
+  if (optind == argc) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: missing operand\n", argv[0]);
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  // create character transcoder
+  iconv_t cd = iconv_open(to_charset, from_charset);
+  if (cd == (iconv_t)-1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: conversion from %s to %s not supported\n",
+            from_charset, to_charset);
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  // catch ctrl-c
+  signal(SIGINT, on_signal);
+
+  // don't wait until newline to read() keystrokes
+  struct termios t;
+  if (!tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &t)) {
+    struct termios t2 = t;
+    t2.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO);
+    tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &t2);
+  }
+
+  // Process each file specified on the command line
+  for (int i = optind; i < argc && !done; i++) {
+
+    // open file
+    int fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY);
+    if (fd == -1) {
+      perror(argv[i]);
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // wait between files
+    if (i > optind)
+      sleep(1);
+
+    print("\33[?25l");   // hide cursor
+    print("\33[H");      // move cursor to top-left
+    print("\33[J");      // erase display forward
+    print("\33[1;24r");  // set scrolling region to first 24 lines
+    print("\33[?7h");    // enable auto-wrap mode
+    print("\33[?3l");    // 80 column mode (deccolm) vt100
+    print("\33[H");      // move cursor to top-left, again
+
+    // get busy
+    process_file(argv[i], fd, cd);
+    close(fd);
+  }
+
+  // cleanup
+  iconv_close(cd);
+
+  print("\33[s");        // save cursor position
+  print("\33[?25h");     // show cursor
+  print("\33[0m");       // reset text attributes (color, bold, etc.)
+  print("\33[?1049l");   // exit alternate screen mode
+  print("\33(B");        // exit line drawing and other alt charset modes
+  print("\33[r");        // reset scrolling region
+  print("\33[?2004l");   // turn off bracketed paste mode
+  print("\33[4l");       // exit insert mode
+  print("\33[?1l\33>");  // exit application keypad mode
+  print("\33[?7h");      // reset text wrapping mode
+  print("\33[?12l");     // reset cursor blinking mode
+  print("\33[?6l");      // reset origin mode
+  print("\33[20l");      // reset auto newline mode
+  print("\33[u");        // restore cursor position
+
+  // restore terminal
+  tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &t);
+}

examples/asteroids.c

@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+// -*- mode:c; indent-tabs-mode:nil; c-basic-offset:4 -*-
+// vi: set et ft=c ts=4 sts=4 sw=4 fenc=utf-8
+
+// asteroids by tsotchke
+// https://github.com/tsotchke/asteroids
+
+// clang-format off
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <sys/select.h>
+
+#define SCREEN_WIDTH 80
+#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 24
+#define MAX_ASTEROIDS 5
+#define MAX_BULLETS 5
+
+typedef struct {
+    float x, y;
+} Vector2;
+
+typedef struct {
+    Vector2 position;
+    Vector2 velocity;
+    float angle;
+    float radius;
+} GameObject;
+
+GameObject spaceship;
+GameObject asteroids[MAX_ASTEROIDS];
+GameObject bullets[MAX_BULLETS];
+
+int score = 0;
+time_t startTime;
+int isGameOver = 0;
+int shouldExit = 0;
+int finalTime = 0; // To store final time at game over
+char display[SCREEN_HEIGHT][SCREEN_WIDTH];
+
+// Function to clear the screen buffer
+void clearDisplay() {
+    memset(display, ' ', sizeof(display));
+}
+
+// Function to draw a pixel on the screen
+void drawPixel(int x, int y) {
+    if (x >= 0 && x < SCREEN_WIDTH && y >= 0 && y < SCREEN_HEIGHT) {
+        display[y][x] = '*';
+    }
+}
+
+// Function to draw a line using Bresenham's algorithm
+void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
+    int dx = abs(x2 - x1), sx = (x1 < x2) ? 1 : -1;
+    int dy = -abs(y2 - y1), sy = (y1 < y2) ? 1 : -1;
+    int error = dx + dy, e2;
+
+    while (1) {
+        drawPixel(x1, y1);
+        if (x1 == x2 && y1 == y2) break;
+        e2 = 2 * error;
+        if (e2 >= dy) { error += dy; x1 += sx; }
+        if (e2 <= dx) { error += dx; y1 += sy; }
+    }
+}
+
+// Function to draw a circle
+void drawCircle(int centerX, int centerY, int radius) {
+    int x = radius - 1, y = 0, dx = 1, dy = 1, err = dx - (radius << 1);
+    while (x >= y) {
+        drawPixel(centerX + x, centerY + y);
+        drawPixel(centerX + y, centerY + x);
+        drawPixel(centerX - y, centerY + x);
+        drawPixel(centerX - x, centerY + y);
+        drawPixel(centerX - x, centerY - y);
+        drawPixel(centerX - y, centerY - x);
+        drawPixel(centerX + y, centerY - x);
+        drawPixel(centerX + x, centerY - y);
+
+        if (err <= 0) {
+            y++;
+            err += dy;
+            dy += 2;
+        }
+        if (err > 0) {
+            x--;
+            dx += 2;
+            err += dx - (radius << 1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Initialize a game object
+void initializeGameObject(GameObject *obj, float x, float y, float angle, float radius) {
+    obj->position = (Vector2){x, y};
+    obj->velocity = (Vector2){0, 0};
+    obj->angle = angle;
+    obj->radius = radius;
+}
+
+// Wrap position of the spaceship and asteroids within screen bounds
+void wrapPosition(Vector2 *pos) {
+    if (pos->x < 0) pos->x = SCREEN_WIDTH - 1;
+    if (pos->x >= SCREEN_WIDTH) pos->x = 0;
+    if (pos->y < 0) pos->y = SCREEN_HEIGHT - 1;
+    if (pos->y >= SCREEN_HEIGHT) pos->y = 0;
+}
+
+// Check if two game objects are colliding
+int checkCollision(GameObject *a, GameObject *b) {
+    float deltaX = a->position.x - b->position.x;
+    float deltaY = a->position.y - b->position.y;
+    return sqrt(deltaX * deltaX + deltaY * deltaY) < (a->radius + b->radius);
+}
+
+// Initialize game state
+void initGame() {
+    score = 0; // Reset the score
+    initializeGameObject(&spaceship, SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2, 0, 2);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_ASTEROIDS; i++) {
+        initializeGameObject(&asteroids[i],
+            rand() % SCREEN_WIDTH,
+            rand() % SCREEN_HEIGHT,
+            0,
+            2 + rand() % 3);
+        asteroids[i].velocity.x = ((float)rand() / RAND_MAX) * 2 - 1;
+        asteroids[i].velocity.y = ((float)rand() / RAND_MAX) * 2 - 1;
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BULLETS; i++) {
+        bullets[i].position.x = -1; // Mark bullet as inactive
+        bullets[i].position.y = -1;
+    }
+
+    startTime = time(NULL);
+    isGameOver = 0;
+    finalTime = 0; // Reset final time
+}
+
+// Draw the spaceship on the screen
+void drawSpaceship() {
+    int x = (int)spaceship.position.x;
+    int y = (int)spaceship.position.y;
+    int size = 3;
+
+    float cosAngle = cos(spaceship.angle);
+    float sinAngle = sin(spaceship.angle);
+
+    int x1 = x + size * cosAngle;
+    int y1 = y + size * sinAngle;
+    int x2 = x + size * cos(spaceship.angle + 2.5);
+    int y2 = y + size * sin(spaceship.angle + 2.5);
+    int x3 = x + size * cos(spaceship.angle - 2.5);
+    int y3 = y + size * sin(spaceship.angle - 2.5);
+
+    drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
+    drawLine(x2, y2, x3, y3);
+    drawLine(x3, y3, x1, y1);
+}
+
+// Draw all entities on the screen
+void drawEntities(GameObject *entities, int count, void (*drawFunc)(GameObject *)) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        drawFunc(&entities[i]);
+    }
+}
+
+// Draw a bullet on the screen
+void drawBullet(GameObject *bullet) { // Changed to non-const
+    if (bullet->position.x >= 0) {
+        drawPixel((int)bullet->position.x, (int)bullet->position.y);
+    }
+}
+
+// Draw an asteroid on the screen
+void drawAsteroid(GameObject *asteroid) { // Changed to non-const
+    drawCircle((int)asteroid->position.x, (int)asteroid->position.y, (int)asteroid->radius);
+}
+
+// Refresh the display
+void updateDisplay() {
+    clearDisplay();
+    if (!isGameOver) {
+        drawSpaceship();
+        drawEntities(asteroids, MAX_ASTEROIDS, drawAsteroid);
+        drawEntities(bullets, MAX_BULLETS, drawBullet);
+    }
+
+    // Print the screen buffer
+    printf("\033[H");
+    for (int y = 0; y < SCREEN_HEIGHT; y++) {
+        for (int x = 0; x < SCREEN_WIDTH; x++) {
+            putchar(display[y][x]);
+        }
+        putchar('\n');
+    }
+    
+    // Display score and elapsed time
+    time_t currentTime = time(NULL);
+    int elapsedTime = isGameOver ? finalTime : (currentTime - startTime);
+    printf("Score: %d | Time: %02d:%02d | %s\n", score, elapsedTime / 60, elapsedTime % 60, isGameOver ? "Game Over!" : "           ");
+}
+
+// Update the position of game objects
+void updateGameObject(GameObject *obj, int isBullet) {
+    obj->position.x += obj->velocity.x;
+    obj->position.y += obj->velocity.y;
+
+    // If it's a bullet, check if it's out of bounds
+    if (isBullet) {
+        if (obj->position.x < 0 || obj->position.x >= SCREEN_WIDTH || obj->position.y < 0 || obj->position.y >= SCREEN_HEIGHT) {
+            obj->position.x = -1; // Deactivate bullet
+            obj->position.y = -1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        wrapPosition(&obj->position);
+    }
+}
+
+// Update the game state
+void updateGame() {
+    if (isGameOver) return; 
+
+    // Update spaceship and apply friction
+    updateGameObject(&spaceship, 0); // 0 indicates it's not a bullet
+    spaceship.velocity.x *= 0.98;
+    spaceship.velocity.y *= 0.98;
+
+    // Move asteroids and check for collisions
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_ASTEROIDS; i++) {
+        updateGameObject(&asteroids[i], 0);
+        if (checkCollision(&spaceship, &asteroids[i])) {
+            isGameOver = 1;
+            finalTime = time(NULL) - startTime;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Update bullet positions
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BULLETS; i++) {
+        if (bullets[i].position.x >= 0) {
+            updateGameObject(&bullets[i], 1); // 1 indicates it's a bullet
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check for bullet collisions with asteroids
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BULLETS; i++) {
+        if (bullets[i].position.x >= 0) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < MAX_ASTEROIDS; j++) {
+                if (checkCollision(&bullets[i], &asteroids[j])) {
+                    bullets[i].position.x = -1; // Deactivate bullet
+                    bullets[i].position.y = -1;
+                    asteroids[j].position.x = rand() % SCREEN_WIDTH;
+                    asteroids[j].position.y = rand() % SCREEN_HEIGHT;
+                    score += 100;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Fire a bullet
+void shootBullet() {
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BULLETS; i++) {
+        if (bullets[i].position.x < 0) {
+            bullets[i].position = spaceship.position;
+            bullets[i].velocity.x = cos(spaceship.angle) * 2;
+            bullets[i].velocity.y = sin(spaceship.angle) * 2;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Check if a key was hit
+int isKeyHit() {
+    struct timeval tv = { 0L, 0L };
+    fd_set fds;
+    FD_ZERO(&fds);
+    FD_SET(0, &fds);
+    return select(1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
+}
+
+// Configure terminal settings
+void configureTerminal(struct termios *old_tio, struct termios *new_tio) {
+    tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, old_tio);
+    *new_tio = *old_tio;
+    new_tio->c_lflag &= (~ICANON & ~ECHO);
+    tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, new_tio);
+}
+
+// Restore terminal settings
+void restoreTerminal(struct termios *old_tio) {
+    tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, old_tio);
+}
+
+void onSignal(int sig) {
+    shouldExit = 1;
+}
+
+// Main game loop
+int main() {
+    signal(SIGINT, onSignal); // Capture ^C
+    srand(time(NULL)); // Seed the random number generator
+    initGame(); // Initialize the game state
+
+    struct termios old_tio, new_tio;
+    configureTerminal(&old_tio, &new_tio);
+
+    printf("\033[?25l");  // Hide the cursor
+
+    while (!shouldExit) {
+        if (isKeyHit()) {
+            char input = getchar();
+            if (input == 27) {  // ESC key
+                if (getchar() == '[') {  // Handle arrow keys
+                    switch (getchar()) {
+                        case 'A':  // Up arrow
+                            spaceship.velocity.x += cos(spaceship.angle) * 0.2;
+                            spaceship.velocity.y += sin(spaceship.angle) * 0.2;
+                            break;
+                        case 'B':  // Down arrow
+                            spaceship.velocity.x -= cos(spaceship.angle) * 0.2;
+                            spaceship.velocity.y -= sin(spaceship.angle) * 0.2;
+                            break;
+                        case 'D': spaceship.angle -= 0.2; break;  // Left arrow
+                        case 'C': spaceship.angle += 0.2; break;  // Right arrow
+                    }
+                }
+            } else if (input == ' ') {
+                shootBullet(); // Fire a bullet
+            } else if (input == 'q') {
+                break; // Quit the game
+            } else if (input == 'r' && isGameOver) {
+                initGame(); // Restart the game
+            }
+        }
+
+        updateGame(); // Update game state
+        updateDisplay(); // Refresh the display
+        usleep(50000);  // Wait for 50ms (20 FPS)
+    }
+
+    printf("\033[?25h");  // Show the cursor
+    restoreTerminal(&old_tio); // Restore terminal settings
+    return 0;
+}

examples/blas.cc

@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@
 // PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <cassert>
 #include <cinttypes>
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <ctime>
-#include "libc/assert.h"
 
 // high performance high accuracy matrix multiplication in ansi c
 
-#define MATH __target_clones("avx512f,fma")
+#define MATH __target_clones("avx512f,fma,avx")
 
 namespace {
 namespace ansiBLAS {

examples/clear.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 // clears teletypewriter display
 //

examples/crashreport.c

@@ -7,12 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
-#include "libc/math.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/symbols.internal.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include <cosmo.h>
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview How to print backtraces and cpu state on crash.

examples/ctrlc.c

@@ -7,20 +7,43 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/assert.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
-#include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/limits.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/sock/struct/pollfd.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/limits.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/poll.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+// this program is used by jart for manually testing teletype interrupts
+// and canonical mode line editing. this file documents the hidden depth
+// of 1960's era computer usage, that's entrenched in primitive i/o apis
+//
+// manual testing checklist:
+//
+// - "hello" enter echos "got: hello^J"
+//
+// - "hello" ctrl-d echos "got: hello"
+//
+// - "hello" ctrl-r echos "^R\nhello"
+//
+// - "hello" ctrl-u enter echos "got: ^J"
+//
+// - ctrl-d during i/o task prints "got eof" and exits
+//
+// - ctrl-d during cpu task gets delayed until read() is called
+//
+// - ctrl-c during cpu task echos ^C, then calls SignalHandler()
+//   asynchronously, and program exits
+//
+// - ctrl-c during i/o task echos ^C, then calls SignalHandler()
+//   asynchronously, read() raises EINTR, and program exits
+//
+// - ctrl-v ctrl-c should echo "^\b" then echo "^C" and insert "\3"
+//
+// - ctrl-v ctrl-d should echo "^\b" then echo "^D" and insert "\4"
+//
 
 volatile bool gotsig;
 
@@ -34,23 +57,41 @@ void SignalHandler(int sig) {
   gotsig = true;
 }
 
+// this is the easiest way to write a string literal to standard output,
+// without formatting. printf() has an enormous binary footprint so it's
+// nice to avoid linking that when it is not needed.
+#define WRITE(sliteral) write(1, sliteral, sizeof(sliteral) - 1)
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
-  printf("echoing stdin until ctrl+c is pressed\n");
+  WRITE("echoing stdin until ctrl+c is pressed\n");
 
-  // you need to set your signal handler using sigaction() rather than
-  // signal(), since the latter uses .sa_flags=SA_RESTART, which means
-  // read will restart itself after signals, rather than raising EINTR
+  // when you type ctrl-c, by default it'll kill the process, unless you
+  // define a SIGINT handler. there's multiple ways to do it. the common
+  // way is to say signal(SIGINT, func) which is normally defined to put
+  // the signal handler in Berkeley-style SA_RESTART mode. that means if
+  // a signal handler is called while inside a function like read() then
+  // the read operation will keep going afterwards like nothing happened
+  // which can make it difficult to break your event loop. to avoid this
+  // we can use sigaction() without specifying SA_RESTART in sa_flag and
+  // that'll put the signal in system v mode. this means that whenever a
+  // signal handler function in your program is called during an i/o op,
+  // that i/o op will return an EINTR error, so you can churn your loop.
+  // don't take that error too seriously though since SIGINT can also be
+  // delivered asynchronously, during the times you're crunching numbers
+  // rather than performing i/o which means you get no EINTR to warn you
   sigaction(SIGINT, &(struct sigaction){.sa_handler = SignalHandler}, 0);
 
   for (;;) {
 
-    // some programs are blocked on cpu rather than i/o
-    // such programs shall rely on asynchronous signals
-    printf("doing cpu task...\n");
-    for (volatile int i = 0; i < INT_MAX / 5; ++i) {
+    // asynchronous signals are needed to interrupt math, which we shall
+    // simulate here. signals can happen any time any place. that's only
+    // not the case when you use sigprocmask() to block signals which is
+    // useful for kicking the can down the road.
+    WRITE("doing cpu task...\n");
+    for (volatile int i = 0; i < INT_MAX / 3; ++i) {
       if (gotsig) {
-        printf("\rgot ctrl+c asynchronously\n");
+        WRITE("\rgot ctrl+c asynchronously\n");
         exit(0);
       }
     }
@@ -71,14 +112,18 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
     // read data from standard input
     //
-    // since this is a blocking operation and we're not performing a
-    // cpu-bound operation it is almost with absolute certainty that
-    // when the ctrl-c signal gets delivered, it'll happen in read()
-    //
-    // it's possible to be more precise if we were building library
-    // code. for example, you can block signals using sigprocmask()
-    // and then use pselect() to do the waiting.
-    printf("doing read i/o task...\n");
+    // assuming you started this program in your terminal standard input
+    // will be plugged into your termios driver, which cosmpolitan codes
+    // in libc/calls/read-nt.c on windows. your read() function includes
+    // a primitive version of readline/linenoise called "canonical mode"
+    // which lets you edit the data that'll be returned by read() before
+    // it's actually returned. for example, if you type hello and enter,
+    // then "hello\n" will be returned. if you type hello and then ^D or
+    // ctrl-d, then "hello" will be returned. the ctrl-d keystroke is in
+    // fact an ascii control code whose special behavior can be bypassed
+    // if you type ctrl-v ctrl-d and then enter, in which case "\3\n" is
+    // returned, also known as ^D^J.
+    WRITE("doing read i/o task...\n");
     int got = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf));
 
     // check if the read operation failed
@@ -94,10 +139,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         // the \r character is needed so when the line is printed
         // it'll overwrite the ^C that got echo'd with the ctrl-c
         if (gotsig) {
-          printf("\rgot ctrl+c via i/o eintr\n");
+          WRITE("\rgot ctrl+c via i/o eintr\n");
           exit(0);
         } else {
-          printf("\rgot spurious eintr\n");
+          WRITE("\rgot spurious eintr\n");
           continue;
         }
       } else {
@@ -109,16 +154,34 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
     // check if the user typed ctrl-d which closes the input handle
     if (!got) {
-      printf("got eof\n");
+      WRITE("got eof\n");
       exit(0);
     }
 
-    // relay read data to standard output
+    // visualize line data returned by canonical mode to standard output
     //
-    // it's usually safe to ignore the return code of write. the
-    // operating system will send SIGPIPE if there's any problem
-    // which kills the process by default
+    // it's usually safe to ignore the return code of write; your system
+    // will send SIGPIPE if there's any problem, which kills by default.
+    //
+    // it's possible to use keyboard shortcuts to embed control codes in
+    // the line. so we visualize them using the classic tty notation. it
+    // is also possible to type the ascii representation, so we use bold
+    // to visually distinguish ascii codes. see also o//examples/ttyinfo
     write(1, "got: ", 5);
-    write(1, buf, got);
+    for (int i = 0; i < got; ++i) {
+      if (isascii(buf[i])) {
+        if (iscntrl(buf[i])) {
+          char ctl[2];
+          ctl[0] = '^';
+          ctl[1] = buf[i] ^ 0100;
+          WRITE("\033[1m");
+          write(1, ctl, 2);
+          WRITE("\033[0m");
+        } else {
+          write(1, &buf[i], 1);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    WRITE("\n");
   }
 }

examples/date.c

@@ -7,18 +7,11 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-#include "libc/nt/enum/timezoneid.h"
-#include "libc/nt/struct/timezoneinformation.h"
-#include "libc/nt/time.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/thread/threads.h"
-#include "libc/time.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <threads.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview High performance ISO-8601 timestamp formatter.
@@ -27,6 +20,8 @@
  * Consider using something like this instead for your loggers.
  */
 
+#define ABS(X) ((X) >= 0 ? (X) : -(X))
+
 char *GetTimestamp(void) {
   int x;
   struct timespec ts;

examples/dlopen.c

@@ -7,11 +7,9 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/dlopen/dlfcn.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
-#include "libc/nt/thunk/msabi.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include <cosmo.h>
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview cosmopolitan dynamic runtime linking demo

examples/env.c

@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview prints environment variables
+ */
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
-  fprintf(stderr, "%s (%s)\n", argv[0], GetProgramExecutableName());
-  for (char** p = environ; *p; ++p) {
-    printf("%s\n", *p);
-  }
+  for (char** p = environ; *p; ++p)
+    puts(*p);
   return 0;
 }

examples/greenbean.c

@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@
 #include <sys/auxv.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <time.h>
-#include "libc/mem/leaks.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview greenbean lightweight threaded web server
@@ -339,7 +337,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   sigaddset(&block, SIGQUIT);
   pthread_attr_t attr;
   unassert(!pthread_attr_init(&attr));
-  unassert(!pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr, 65536));
+  unassert(!pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr, 65536 - getpagesize()));
   unassert(!pthread_attr_setguardsize(&attr, getpagesize()));
   unassert(!pthread_attr_setsigmask_np(&attr, &block));
   unassert(!pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, 0));

examples/hangman.c

@@ -36,14 +36,10 @@
  * OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
  * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/rand.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/time.h"
-#include "third_party/zlib/zlib.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <time.h>
 // clang-format off
 
 #define DICT "usr/share/dict/hangman"

examples/hello.c

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
 
 int main() {
   printf("hello world\n");
-  return 0;
 }

examples/hello2.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 int main() {
   write(1, "hello world\n", 12);

examples/localtime.c

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/time.h"
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int64_t t = 0;
-  localtime(&t);
-}

examples/loudness.c

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include <cosmoaudio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview prints ascii meter of microphone loudness
+ *
+ * 0. -60 dB is nearly silent, barely audible, even in a quiet room
+ * 1. -50 dB is very quiet background sounds
+ * 2. -40 dB is quiet ambient noise
+ * 3. -30 dB is clear but soft sounds
+ * 4. -20 dB is moderate volume, comfortable for extended listening
+ * 5. -10 dB is fairly loud, but not uncomfortable
+ * 6.  -6 dB is loud, but not at full volume
+ * 7.  -3 dB is very loud, approaching system limits
+ * 8.  -1 dB is extremely loud, just below maximum
+ * 9.  -0 dB is maximum volume without distortion
+ */
+
+#define SAMPLING_RATE     44100
+#define ASCII_METER_WIDTH 20
+#define FRAMES_PER_SECOND 30
+#define MIN_DECIBEL       -60
+#define MAX_DECIBEL       0
+#define DEBUG_LOG         1
+
+sig_atomic_t g_done;
+
+void on_signal(int sig) {
+  g_done = 1;
+}
+
+// computes root of mean squares
+double rms(float* p, int n) {
+  double s = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+    s += p[i] * p[i];
+  return sqrt(s / n);
+}
+
+// converts rms to decibel
+double rms_to_db(double rms) {
+  double db = 20 * log10(rms);
+  db = fmin(db, MAX_DECIBEL);
+  db = fmax(db, MIN_DECIBEL);
+  return db;
+}
+
+int main() {
+  signal(SIGINT, on_signal);
+
+  // how many samples should we process at once
+  int chunkFrames = SAMPLING_RATE / FRAMES_PER_SECOND;
+
+  // configure cosmo audio
+  struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions cao = {0};
+  cao.sizeofThis = sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions);
+  cao.deviceType = kCosmoAudioDeviceTypeCapture;
+  cao.sampleRate = SAMPLING_RATE;
+  cao.bufferFrames = chunkFrames * 2;
+  cao.debugLog = DEBUG_LOG;
+  cao.channels = 1;
+
+  // connect to microphone
+  int status;
+  struct CosmoAudio* ca;
+  status = cosmoaudio_open(&ca, &cao);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to open microphone: %d\n", status);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // allocate memory for audio work area
+  float* chunk = malloc(chunkFrames * sizeof(float));
+  if (!chunk) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n");
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  while (!g_done) {
+
+    // wait for full chunk of audio to become available
+    int need_in_frames = chunkFrames;
+    status = cosmoaudio_poll(ca, &need_in_frames, NULL);
+    if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "failed to poll microphone: %d\n", status);
+      return 2;
+    }
+
+    // read audio frames from microphone ring buffer
+    status = cosmoaudio_read(ca, chunk, chunkFrames);
+    if (status != chunkFrames) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "failed to read microphone: %d\n", status);
+      return 3;
+    }
+
+    // convert audio chunk to to ascii meter
+    char s[ASCII_METER_WIDTH + 1] = {0};
+    double db = rms_to_db(rms(chunk, chunkFrames));
+    double db_range = MAX_DECIBEL - MIN_DECIBEL;
+    int filled_length = (db - MIN_DECIBEL) / db_range * ASCII_METER_WIDTH;
+    for (int i = 0; i < ASCII_METER_WIDTH; ++i) {
+      if (i < filled_length) {
+        s[i] = '=';
+      } else {
+        s[i] = ' ';
+      }
+    }
+    printf("\r%s| %+6.2f dB", s, db);
+    fflush(stdout);
+  }
+  printf("\n");
+
+  // clean up resources
+  status = cosmoaudio_close(ca);
+  if (status != COSMOAUDIO_SUCCESS) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "failed to close microphone: %d\n", status);
+    return 5;
+  }
+  free(chunk);
+}

examples/ls.c

@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/dirent.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/dt.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
-#include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"
-
-struct stat st;
-
-const char *TypeToString(uint8_t type) {
-  switch (type) {
-    case DT_UNKNOWN:
-      return "DT_UNKNOWN";
-    case DT_FIFO:
-      return "DT_FIFO";
-    case DT_CHR:
-      return "DT_CHR";
-    case DT_DIR:
-      return "DT_DIR";
-    case DT_BLK:
-      return "DT_BLK";
-    case DT_REG:
-      return "DT_REG";
-    case DT_LNK:
-      return "DT_LNK";
-    case DT_SOCK:
-      return "DT_SOCK";
-    default:
-      return "UNKNOWN";
-  }
-}
-
-void List(const char *path) {
-  DIR *d;
-  struct dirent *e;
-  const char *vpath;
-  if (strcmp(path, ".") == 0) {
-    vpath = "";
-  } else if (!endswith(path, "/")) {
-    vpath = gc(xasprintf("%s/", path));
-  } else {
-    vpath = path;
-  }
-  if (stat(path, &st) != -1) {
-    if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-      CHECK((d = opendir(path)));
-      while ((e = readdir(d))) {
-        printf("0x%016x 0x%016x %-10s %s%s\n", e->d_ino, e->d_off,
-               TypeToString(e->d_type), vpath, e->d_name);
-      }
-      closedir(d);
-    } else {
-      printf("%s\n", path);
-    }
-  } else {
-    fprintf(stderr, "not found: %s\n", path);
-  }
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int i;
-  if (argc == 1) {
-    List(".");
-  } else {
-    for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-      List(argv[i]);
-    }
-  }
-  return 0;
-}

examples/nc.c

@@ -7,25 +7,16 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
-#include "libc/sock/struct/linger.h"
-#include "libc/sock/struct/pollfd.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/ipproto.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/poll.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/shut.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/so.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sock.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sol.h"
-#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
-#include "third_party/musl/netdb.h"
+#include <cosmo.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+// clang-format off
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview netcat clone
@@ -36,12 +27,14 @@
  * Here's an example usage:
  *
  *     make -j8 o//examples/nc.com
- *     printf 'GET /\r\nHost: justine.lol\r\n\r\n' | o//examples/nc.com
- * justine.lol 80
+ *     printf 'GET /\r\nHost: justine.lol\r\n\r\n' | o//examples/nc.com justine.lol 80
  *
- * Once upon time we called this command "telnet"
+ * Once upon time we called this command basically "telnet"
  */
 
+#define ARRAYLEN(A) \
+  ((sizeof(A) / sizeof(*(A))) / ((unsigned)!(sizeof(A) % sizeof(*(A)))))
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   ssize_t rc;
   size_t i, got;

examples/nesemu1.cc

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 /* PORTED TO TELETYPEWRITERS IN YEAR 2020 BY JUSTINE ALEXANDRA ROBERTS TUNNEY */
 /* TRADEMARKS ARE OWNED BY THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS LAWYERCATS LUV TAUTOLOGIES */
 /* https://bisqwit.iki.fi/jutut/kuvat/programming_examples/nesemu1/nesemu1.cc */
+#include "dsp/audio/cosmoaudio/cosmoaudio.h"
 #include "dsp/core/core.h"
 #include "dsp/core/half.h"
 #include "dsp/core/illumination.h"
@@ -12,7 +13,6 @@
 #include "dsp/tty/tty.h"
 #include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/itimerval.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/winsize.h"
 #include "libc/calls/termios.h"
@@ -35,20 +35,17 @@
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/itimer.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/poll.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/prio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/w.h"
 #include "libc/thread/thread.h"
 #include "libc/time.h"
 #include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"
 #include "libc/x/xsigaction.h"
 #include "libc/zip.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
+#include "third_party/libcxx/__atomic/atomic.h"
 #include "third_party/libcxx/vector"
 #include "tool/viz/lib/knobs.h"
 
@@ -111,7 +108,9 @@ AUTHORS\n\
 #define DYN     240
 #define DXN     256
 #define FPS     60.0988
-#define HZ      1789773
+#define CPUHZ   1789773
+#define SRATE   44100
+#define ABUFZ   ((int)(SRATE / FPS) + 1)
 #define GAMMA   2.2
 #define CTRL(C) ((C) ^ 0100)
 #define ALT(C)  ((033 << 010) | (C))
@@ -121,25 +120,11 @@ typedef uint8_t u8;
 typedef uint16_t u16;
 typedef uint32_t u32;
 
-static const struct itimerval kNesFps = {
-    {0, 1. / FPS * 1e6},
-    {0, 1. / FPS * 1e6},
-};
-
-struct Frame {
-  char *p, *w, *mem;
-};
-
 struct Action {
   int code;
   int wait;
 };
 
-struct Audio {
-  size_t i;
-  int16_t p[65536];
-};
-
 struct Status {
   int wait;
   char text[80];
@@ -150,32 +135,33 @@ struct ZipGames {
   char** p;
 };
 
-static int frame_;
-static int playfd_;
-static int playpid_;
-static size_t vtsize_;
+static const struct timespec kNesFps = {0, 1. / FPS * 1e9};
+
 static bool artifacts_;
 static long tyn_, txn_;
-static struct Frame vf_[2];
-static struct Audio audio_;
 static const char* inputfn_;
 static struct Status status_;
 static volatile bool exited_;
-static volatile bool timeout_;
 static volatile bool resized_;
+static struct CosmoAudio* ca_;
 static struct TtyRgb* ttyrgb_;
 static unsigned char *R, *G, *B;
 static struct ZipGames zipgames_;
 static struct Action arrow_, button_;
 static struct SamplingSolution* ssy_;
 static struct SamplingSolution* ssx_;
-static unsigned char pixels_[3][DYN][DXN];
+static unsigned char (*pixels_)[3][DYN][DXN];
 static unsigned char palette_[3][64][512][3];
 static int joy_current_[2], joy_next_[2], joypos_[2];
 
 static int keyframes_ = 10;
 static enum TtyBlocksSelection blocks_ = kTtyBlocksUnicode;
-static enum TtyQuantizationAlgorithm quant_ = kTtyQuantTrue;
+static enum TtyQuantizationAlgorithm quant_ = kTtyQuantXterm256;
+
+static struct timespec deadline_;
+static std::atomic<void*> pixels_ready_;
+static pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
+static pthread_mutex_t lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
 
 static int Clamp(int v) {
   return MAX(0, MIN(255, v));
@@ -229,73 +215,39 @@ void InitPalette(void) {
           rgbc[u] = FixGamma(y / 1980. + i * A[u] / 9e6 + q * B[u] / 9e6);
         }
         matvmul3(rgbd65, lightbulb, rgbc);
-        for (u = 0; u < 3; ++u) {
+        for (u = 0; u < 3; ++u)
           palette_[o][p1][p0][u] = Clamp(rgbd65[u] * 255);
       }
     }
   }
 }
-}
-
-static ssize_t Write(int fd, const void* p, size_t n) {
-  int rc;
-  sigset_t ss, oldss;
-  sigfillset(&ss);
-  sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, &oldss);
-  rc = write(fd, p, n);
-  sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldss, 0);
-  return rc;
-}
 
 static void WriteString(const char* s) {
-  Write(STDOUT_FILENO, s, strlen(s));
+  write(STDOUT_FILENO, s, strlen(s));
 }
 
 void Exit(int rc) {
   WriteString("\r\n\e[0m\e[J");
-  if (rc && errno) {
+  if (rc && errno)
     fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\r\n", "error: ", strerror(errno));
-  }
   exit(rc);
 }
 
 void Cleanup(void) {
   ttyraw((enum TtyRawFlags)(-1u));
   ttyshowcursor(STDOUT_FILENO);
-  if (playpid_) {
-    kill(playpid_, SIGKILL);
-    close(playfd_);
-    playfd_ = -1;
-  }
+  cosmoaudio_close(ca_);
+  ca_ = 0;
 }
 
 void OnCtrlC(void) {
   exited_ = true;
 }
 
-void OnTimer(void) {
-  timeout_ = true;
-}
-
 void OnResize(void) {
   resized_ = true;
 }
 
-void OnPiped(void) {
-  exited_ = true;
-}
-
-void OnSigChld(void) {
-  waitpid(-1, 0, WNOHANG);
-  close(playfd_);
-  playpid_ = 0;
-  playfd_ = -1;
-}
-
-void InitFrame(struct Frame* f) {
-  f->p = f->w = f->mem = (char*)realloc(f->mem, vtsize_);
-}
-
 long ChopAxis(long dn, long sn) {
   while (HALF(sn) > dn) {
     sn = HALF(sn);
@@ -318,11 +270,6 @@ void GetTermSize(void) {
   G = (unsigned char*)realloc(G, tyn_ * txn_);
   B = (unsigned char*)realloc(B, tyn_ * txn_);
   ttyrgb_ = (struct TtyRgb*)realloc(ttyrgb_, tyn_ * txn_ * 4);
-  vtsize_ = ((tyn_ * txn_ * strlen("\e[48;2;255;48;2;255m▄")) +
-             (tyn_ * strlen("\e[0m\r\n")) + 128);
-  frame_ = 0;
-  InitFrame(&vf_[0]);
-  InitFrame(&vf_[1]);
   WriteString("\e[0m\e[H\e[J");
   resized_ = false;
 }
@@ -330,11 +277,7 @@ void GetTermSize(void) {
 void IoInit(void) {
   GetTermSize();
   xsigaction(SIGINT, (void*)OnCtrlC, 0, 0, NULL);
-  xsigaction(SIGPIPE, (void*)OnPiped, 0, 0, NULL);
   xsigaction(SIGWINCH, (void*)OnResize, 0, 0, NULL);
-  xsigaction(SIGALRM, (void*)OnTimer, 0, 0, NULL);
-  xsigaction(SIGCHLD, (void*)OnSigChld, 0, 0, NULL);
-  setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &kNesFps, NULL);
   ttyhidecursor(STDOUT_FILENO);
   ttyraw(kTtySigs);
   ttyquantsetup(quant_, kTtyQuantRgb, blocks_);
@@ -471,81 +414,29 @@ ssize_t ReadKeyboard(void) {
   return rc;
 }
 
-bool HasVideo(struct Frame* f) {
-  return f->w < f->p;
-}
-
-bool HasPendingVideo(void) {
-  return HasVideo(&vf_[0]) || HasVideo(&vf_[1]);
-}
-
-bool HasPendingAudio(void) {
-  return playpid_ && audio_.i;
-}
-
-struct Frame* FlipFrameBuffer(void) {
-  frame_ = !frame_;
-  return &vf_[frame_];
-}
-
-void TransmitVideo(void) {
-  ssize_t rc;
-  struct Frame* f;
-  f = &vf_[frame_];
-  if (!HasVideo(f))
-    f = FlipFrameBuffer();
-  if ((rc = Write(STDOUT_FILENO, f->w, f->p - f->w)) != -1) {
-    f->w += rc;
-  } else if (errno == EAGAIN) {
-    // slow teletypewriter
-  } else if (errno == EPIPE) {
-    Exit(0);
-  }
-}
-
-void TransmitAudio(void) {
-  ssize_t rc;
-  if (!playpid_)
-    return;
-  if (!audio_.i)
-    return;
-  if (playfd_ == -1)
-    return;
-  if ((rc = Write(playfd_, audio_.p, audio_.i * sizeof(short))) != -1) {
-    rc /= sizeof(short);
-    memmove(audio_.p, audio_.p + rc, (audio_.i - rc) * sizeof(short));
-    audio_.i -= rc;
-  } else if (errno == EPIPE) {
-    kill(playpid_, SIGKILL);
-    close(playfd_);
-    playfd_ = -1;
-    Exit(0);
-  }
-}
-
-void ScaleVideoFrameToTeletypewriter(void) {
+void ScaleVideoFrameToTeletypewriter(unsigned char (*pixels)[3][DYN][DXN]) {
   long y, x, yn, xn;
   yn = DYN, xn = DXN;
   while (HALF(yn) > tyn_ || HALF(xn) > txn_) {
     if (HALF(xn) > txn_) {
-      Magikarp2xX(DYN, DXN, pixels_[0], yn, xn);
-      Magikarp2xX(DYN, DXN, pixels_[1], yn, xn);
-      Magikarp2xX(DYN, DXN, pixels_[2], yn, xn);
+      Magikarp2xX(DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[0], yn, xn);
+      Magikarp2xX(DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[1], yn, xn);
+      Magikarp2xX(DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[2], yn, xn);
       xn = HALF(xn);
     }
     if (HALF(yn) > tyn_) {
-      Magikarp2xY(DYN, DXN, pixels_[0], yn, xn);
-      Magikarp2xY(DYN, DXN, pixels_[1], yn, xn);
-      Magikarp2xY(DYN, DXN, pixels_[2], yn, xn);
+      Magikarp2xY(DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[0], yn, xn);
+      Magikarp2xY(DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[1], yn, xn);
+      Magikarp2xY(DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[2], yn, xn);
       yn = HALF(yn);
     }
   }
-  GyaradosUint8(tyn_, txn_, R, DYN, DXN, pixels_[0], tyn_, txn_, yn, xn, 0, 255,
-                ssy_, ssx_, true);
-  GyaradosUint8(tyn_, txn_, G, DYN, DXN, pixels_[1], tyn_, txn_, yn, xn, 0, 255,
-                ssy_, ssx_, true);
-  GyaradosUint8(tyn_, txn_, B, DYN, DXN, pixels_[2], tyn_, txn_, yn, xn, 0, 255,
-                ssy_, ssx_, true);
+  GyaradosUint8(tyn_, txn_, R, DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[0], tyn_, txn_, yn, xn, 0,
+                255, ssy_, ssx_, true);
+  GyaradosUint8(tyn_, txn_, G, DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[1], tyn_, txn_, yn, xn, 0,
+                255, ssy_, ssx_, true);
+  GyaradosUint8(tyn_, txn_, B, DYN, DXN, (*pixels)[2], tyn_, txn_, yn, xn, 0,
+                255, ssy_, ssx_, true);
   for (y = 0; y < tyn_; ++y) {
     for (x = 0; x < txn_; ++x) {
       ttyrgb_[y * txn_ + x] =
@@ -562,57 +453,104 @@ void KeyCountdown(struct Action* a) {
   }
 }
 
-void PollAndSynchronize(void) {
-  do {
-    if (ReadKeyboard() == -1) {
-      if (errno != EINTR)
-        Exit(1);
-      if (exited_)
-        Exit(0);
+void Raster(unsigned char (*pixels)[3][DYN][DXN]) {
+  struct TtyRgb bg = {0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0};
+  struct TtyRgb fg = {0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0};
+  ScaleVideoFrameToTeletypewriter(pixels);
+  char* ansi = (char*)malloc((tyn_ * txn_ * strlen("\e[48;2;255;48;2;255m▄")) +
+                             (tyn_ * strlen("\e[0m\r\n")) + 128);
+  char* p = ansi;
+  p = stpcpy(p, "\e[0m\e[H");
+  p = ttyraster(p, ttyrgb_, tyn_, txn_, bg, fg);
+  free(pixels);
+  if (status_.wait) {
+    status_.wait--;
+    p = stpcpy(p, "\e[0m\e[H");
+    p = stpcpy(p, status_.text);
+  }
+  size_t n = p - ansi;
+  ssize_t wrote;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i += wrote) {
+    if ((wrote = write(STDOUT_FILENO, ansi + i, n - i)) == -1) {
+      exited_ = true;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  free(ansi);
+}
+
+void* RasterThread(void* arg) {
+  sigset_t ss;
+  sigemptyset(&ss);
+  sigaddset(&ss, SIGINT);
+  sigaddset(&ss, SIGHUP);
+  sigaddset(&ss, SIGQUIT);
+  sigaddset(&ss, SIGTERM);
+  sigaddset(&ss, SIGPIPE);
+  sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, 0);
+  for (;;) {
+    unsigned char(*pixels)[3][DYN][DXN];
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
+    while (!(pixels = (unsigned char(*)[3][DYN][DXN])pixels_ready_.load()))
+      pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &lock);
+    pixels_ready_.store(0);
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
     if (resized_)
       GetTermSize();
+    Raster(pixels);
+  }
+}
+
+void FlushScanline(unsigned py) {
+  if (py != DYN - 1)
+    return;
+  pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
+  if (!pixels_ready_) {
+    pixels_ready_.store(pixels_);
+    pixels_ = 0;
+    pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
+  }
+  pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
+  if (!pixels_)
+    pixels_ = (unsigned char(*)[3][DYN][DXN])malloc(3 * DYN * DXN);
+  if (exited_)
+    Exit(0);
+  do {
+    struct timespec now = timespec_mono();
+    struct timespec remain = timespec_subz(deadline_, now);
+    int remain_ms = timespec_tomillis(remain);
+    struct pollfd fds[] = {{STDIN_FILENO, POLLIN}};
+    int got = poll(fds, 1, remain_ms);
+    if (got == -1) {
+      if (errno == EINTR)
+        continue;
+      Exit(1);
+    }
+    if (got == 1) {
+      do {
+        if (ReadKeyboard() == -1) {
+          if (errno == EINTR)
+            continue;
+          Exit(1);
+        }
+      } while (0);
     }
-  } while (!timeout_);
-  TransmitVideo();
-  TransmitAudio();
-  timeout_ = false;
     KeyCountdown(&arrow_);
     KeyCountdown(&button_);
     joy_next_[0] = arrow_.code | button_.code;
     joy_next_[1] = arrow_.code | button_.code;
-}
-
-void Raster(void) {
-  struct Frame* f;
-  struct TtyRgb bg = {0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0};
-  struct TtyRgb fg = {0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0};
-  ScaleVideoFrameToTeletypewriter();
-  f = &vf_[!frame_];
-  f->p = f->w = f->mem;
-  f->p = stpcpy(f->p, "\e[0m\e[H");
-  f->p = ttyraster(f->p, ttyrgb_, tyn_, txn_, bg, fg);
-  if (status_.wait) {
-    status_.wait--;
-    f->p = stpcpy(f->p, "\e[0m\e[H");
-    f->p = stpcpy(f->p, status_.text);
-  }
-  PollAndSynchronize();
-}
-
-void FlushScanline(unsigned py) {
-  if (py == DYN - 1) {
-    if (!timeout_) {
-      Raster();
-    }
-    timeout_ = false;
-  }
+    now = timespec_mono();
+    do
+      deadline_ = timespec_add(deadline_, kNesFps);
+    while (timespec_cmp(deadline_, now) <= 0);
+  } while (0);
 }
 
 static void PutPixel(unsigned px, unsigned py, unsigned pixel, int offset) {
   static unsigned prev;
-  pixels_[0][py][px] = palette_[offset][prev % 64][pixel][2];
-  pixels_[1][py][px] = palette_[offset][prev % 64][pixel][1];
-  pixels_[2][py][px] = palette_[offset][prev % 64][pixel][0];
+  (*pixels_)[0][py][px] = palette_[offset][prev % 64][pixel][2];
+  (*pixels_)[1][py][px] = palette_[offset][prev % 64][pixel][1];
+  (*pixels_)[2][py][px] = palette_[offset][prev % 64][pixel][0];
   prev = pixel;
 }
 
@@ -1494,8 +1432,7 @@ void Tick() {  // Invoked at CPU's rate.
 // Mix the audio: Get the momentary sample from each channel and mix them.
 #define s(c) channels[c].Tick<c == 1 ? 0 : c>()
   auto v = [](float m, float n, float d) { return n != 0.f ? m / n : d; };
-  short sample =
-      30000 *
+  float sample =
       (v(95.88f, (100.f + v(8128.f, s(0) + s(1), -100.f)), 0.f) +
        v(159.79f,
          (100.f +
@@ -1504,7 +1441,19 @@ void Tick() {  // Invoked at CPU's rate.
        0.5f);
 #undef s
 
-  audio_.p[audio_.i = (audio_.i + 1) & (ARRAYLEN(audio_.p) - 1)] = sample;
+  // Relay audio to speaker.
+  static int buffer_position = 0;
+  static float audio_buffer[ABUFZ];
+  static double sample_counter = 0.0;
+  sample_counter += (double)SRATE / CPUHZ;
+  while (sample_counter >= 1.0) {
+    audio_buffer[buffer_position++] = sample;
+    sample_counter -= 1.0;
+    if (buffer_position == ABUFZ) {
+      cosmoaudio_write(ca_, audio_buffer, buffer_position);
+      buffer_position = 0;
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 }  // namespace APU
@@ -1745,9 +1694,6 @@ char* GetLine(void) {
 
 int PlayGame(const char* romfile, const char* opt_tasfile) {
   FILE* fp;
-  int devnull;
-  int pipefds[2];
-  const char* ffplay;
   inputfn_ = opt_tasfile;
 
   if (!(fp = fopen(romfile, "rb"))) {
@@ -1760,46 +1706,28 @@ int PlayGame(const char* romfile, const char* opt_tasfile) {
     return 3;
   }
 
+  // initialize screen
+  pixels_ = (unsigned char(*)[3][DYN][DXN])malloc(3 * DYN * DXN);
   InitPalette();
 
+  // start raster thread
+  errno_t err;
+  pthread_t th;
+  if ((err = pthread_create(&th, 0, RasterThread, 0))) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "pthread_create: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
   // open speaker
-  // todo: this needs plenty of work
-  if (!IsWindows()) {
-    if ((ffplay = commandvenv("FFPLAY", "ffplay"))) {
-      devnull = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-      pipe2(pipefds, O_CLOEXEC);
-      if (!(playpid_ = fork())) {
-        const char* const args[] = {
-            ffplay,                  //
-            "-nodisp",               //
-            "-loglevel", "quiet",    //
-            "-ac",       "1",        //
-            "-ar",       "1789773",  //
-            "-f",        "s16le",    //
-            "pipe:",                 //
-            NULL,
-        };
-        dup2(pipefds[0], 0);
-        dup2(devnull, 1);
-        dup2(devnull, 2);
-        execv(ffplay, (char* const*)args);
-        abort();
-      }
-      close(pipefds[0]);
-      playfd_ = pipefds[1];
-    } else {
-      fputs("\nWARNING\n\
-\n\
-  Need `ffplay` command to play audio\n\
-  Try `sudo apt install ffmpeg` on Linux\n\
-  You can specify it on `PATH` or in `FFPLAY`\n\
-\n\
-Press enter to continue without sound: ",
-            stdout);
-      fflush(stdout);
-      GetLine();
-    }
-  }
+  struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions cao = {};
+  cao.sizeofThis = sizeof(struct CosmoAudioOpenOptions);
+  cao.deviceType = kCosmoAudioDeviceTypePlayback;
+  cao.sampleRate = SRATE;
+  cao.channels = 1;
+  cosmoaudio_open(&ca_, &cao);
+
+  // initialize time
+  deadline_ = timespec_add(timespec_mono(), kNesFps);
 
   // Read the ROM file header
   u8 rom16count = fgetc(fp);
@@ -1907,9 +1835,8 @@ int SelectGameFromZip(void) {
   int i, rc;
   char *line, *uri;
   fputs("\nCOSMOPOLITAN NESEMU1\n\n", stdout);
-  for (i = 0; i < (int)zipgames_.i; ++i) {
+  for (i = 0; i < (int)zipgames_.i; ++i)
     printf("  [%d] %s\n", i, zipgames_.p[i]);
-  }
   fputs("\nPlease choose a game (or CTRL-C to quit) [default 0]: ", stdout);
   fflush(stdout);
   rc = 0;
@@ -1932,9 +1859,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   } else if (optind < argc) {
     rc = PlayGame(argv[optind], NULL);
   } else {
-    if (!FindZipGames()) {
+    if (!FindZipGames())
       PrintUsage(0, stderr);
-    }
     rc = SelectGameFromZip();
   }
   return rc;

examples/parsefloat.c

@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #define PARSE_AND_PRINT(type, scan_fmt, print_fmt, str)      \

examples/pause.c

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 volatile int g_sig;
 
@@ -21,16 +21,13 @@ void OnSig(int sig) {
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
   // listen for all signals
-  for (int sig = 1; sig <= NSIG; ++sig) {
+  for (int sig = 1; sig <= NSIG; ++sig)
     signal(sig, OnSig);
-  }
 
   // wait for a signal
-  char ibuf[12];
-  FormatInt32(ibuf, getpid());
-  tinyprint(2, "waiting for signal to be sent to ", ibuf, "\n", NULL);
+  printf("waiting for signal to be sent to my pid %d\n", getpid());
   pause();
 
   // report the signal
-  tinyprint(1, "got ", strsignal(g_sig), "\n", NULL);
+  printf("got %s\n", strsignal(g_sig));
 }

examples/picol.c

@@ -32,12 +32,9 @@
  * . Formatted as per Cosmopolitan's standards.
  */
 
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
 
 enum { PICOL_OK, PICOL_ERR, PICOL_RETURN, PICOL_BREAK, PICOL_CONTINUE };
 enum { PT_ESC, PT_STR, PT_CMD, PT_VAR, PT_SEP, PT_EOL, PT_EOF };

examples/printargs.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include <cosmo.h>
 
 int main() {
   __printargs("");

examples/rote.c

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+#/*────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+┌┘ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived     │
+│  all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,   │
+│  as it is written in the following disclaimers:                  │
+│    • http://unlicense.org/                                       │
+│    • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/           │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview cosmopolitan flash cards viewer
+ */
+
+struct Card {
+  char* qa[2];
+};
+
+atomic_int g_done;
+
+void onsig(int sig) {
+  g_done = 1;
+}
+
+void* xmalloc(int n) {
+  void* p;
+  if ((p = malloc(n)))
+    return p;
+  perror("malloc");
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+void* xrealloc(void* p, int n) {
+  if ((p = realloc(p, n)))
+    return p;
+  perror("realloc");
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+char* xstrcat(const char* a, const char* b) {
+  char* p;
+  size_t n, m;
+  n = strlen(a);
+  m = strlen(b);
+  p = xmalloc(n + m + 1);
+  memcpy(p, a, n);
+  memcpy(p + n, b, m + 1);
+  return p;
+}
+
+void shuffle(struct Card* a, int n) {
+  while (n > 1) {
+    int i = rand() % n--;
+    struct Card t = a[i];
+    a[i] = a[n];
+    a[n] = t;
+  }
+}
+
+char* trim(char* s) {
+  int i;
+  if (s) {
+    while (isspace(*s))
+      ++s;
+    for (i = strlen(s); i--;) {
+      if (isspace(s[i])) {
+        s[i] = 0;
+      } else {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+char* readline(FILE* f) {
+  for (;;) {
+    char* line = trim(fgetln(f, 0));
+    if (!line)
+      return 0;
+    if (*line != '#')
+      if (*line)
+        return line;
+  }
+}
+
+char* fill(const char* text, int max_line_width, int* out_line_count) {
+  int text_len = strlen(text);
+  char* result = xmalloc(text_len * 2 + 1);
+  int result_pos = 0;
+  int line_start = 0;
+  int line_count = 1;
+  int i = 0;
+  while (i < text_len && isspace(text[i]))
+    i++;
+  while (i < text_len) {
+    int word_end = i;
+    while (word_end < text_len && !isspace(text[word_end]))
+      word_end++;
+    int word_length = word_end - i;
+    if ((result_pos - line_start) + (result_pos > line_start ? 1 : 0) +
+            word_length >
+        max_line_width) {
+      if (result_pos > line_start) {
+        ++line_count;
+        result[result_pos++] = '\n';
+        line_start = result_pos;
+      }
+    } else if (result_pos > line_start) {
+      result[result_pos++] = ' ';
+    }
+    memcpy(result + result_pos, text + i, word_length);
+    result_pos += word_length;
+    i = word_end;
+    while (i < text_len && isspace(text[i]))
+      i++;
+  }
+  result[result_pos] = '\0';
+  result = xrealloc(result, result_pos + 1);
+  if (out_line_count)
+    *out_line_count = line_count;
+  return result;
+}
+
+void show(const char* text, int i, int n) {
+
+  // get pseudoteletypewriter dimensions
+  struct winsize ws = {80, 25};
+  tcgetwinsize(1, &ws);
+  int width = ws.ws_col;
+  if (width > (int)(ws.ws_col * .9))
+    width = ws.ws_col * .9;
+  if (width > 80)
+    width = 80;
+  width &= -2;
+
+  // clear display
+  printf("\033[H\033[J");
+
+  // display flash card text in middle of display
+  char buf[32];
+  int line_count;
+  char* lines = fill(text, width, &line_count);
+  sprintf(buf, "%d/%d\r\n\r\n", i + 1, n);
+  line_count += 2;
+  char* extra = xstrcat(buf, lines);
+  free(lines);
+  char* tokens = extra;
+  for (int j = 0;; ++j) {
+    char* line = strtok(tokens, "\n");
+    tokens = 0;
+    if (!line)
+      break;
+    printf("\033[%d;%dH%s", ws.ws_row / 2 - line_count / 2 + j + 1,
+           ws.ws_col / 2 - strlen(line) / 2 + 1, line);
+  }
+  free(extra);
+  fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+void usage(FILE* f, const char* prog) {
+  fprintf(f,
+          "usage: %s FILE\n"
+          "\n"
+          "here's an example of what your file should look like:\n"
+          "\n"
+          "  # cosmopolitan flash cards\n"
+          "  # california dmv drivers test\n"
+          "  \n"
+          "  which of the following point totals could result in "
+          "your license being suspended by the dmv?\n"
+          "  4 points in 12 months (middle)\n"
+          "  \n"
+          "  at 55 mph under good conditions a passenger vehicle can stop "
+          "within\n"
+          "  300 feet (not 200, not 400, middle)\n"
+          "  \n"
+          "  two sets of solid double yellow lines spaced two or more feet "
+          "apart indicate\n"
+          "  a BARRIER (do not cross unless there's an opening)\n"
+          "\n"
+          "more specifically, empty lines are ignored, lines starting with\n"
+          "a hash are ignored, then an even number of lines must remain,\n"
+          "where each two lines is a card, holding question and answer.\n",
+          prog);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+
+  // show help
+  if (argc != 2) {
+    usage(stderr, argv[0]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-?") ||  //
+      !strcmp(argv[1], "-h") ||  //
+      !strcmp(argv[1], "--help")) {
+    usage(stdout, argv[0]);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // teletypewriter is required
+  if (!isatty(0) || !isatty(1)) {
+    perror("isatty");
+    return 2;
+  }
+
+  // load cards
+  FILE* f = fopen(argv[1], "r");
+  if (!f) {
+    perror(argv[1]);
+    return 3;
+  }
+  int count = 0;
+  struct Card* cards = 0;
+  for (;;) {
+    struct Card card;
+    if (!(card.qa[0] = readline(f)))
+      break;
+    card.qa[0] = strdup(card.qa[0]);
+    if (!(card.qa[1] = readline(f))) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "%s: flash card file has odd number of lines\n", argv[1]);
+      exit(1);
+    }
+    card.qa[1] = strdup(card.qa[1]);
+    cards = xrealloc(cards, (count + 1) * sizeof(struct Card));
+    cards[count++] = card;
+  }
+  fclose(f);
+
+  // randomize
+  srand(time(0));
+  shuffle(cards, count);
+
+  // catch ctrl-c
+  struct sigaction sa;
+  sa.sa_flags = 0;
+  sa.sa_handler = onsig;
+  sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+  sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, 0);
+
+  // enter raw mode
+  struct termios ot;
+  tcgetattr(1, &ot);
+  struct termios nt = ot;
+  cfmakeraw(&nt);
+  nt.c_lflag |= ISIG;
+  tcsetattr(1, TCSANOW, &nt);
+  printf("\033[?25l");
+
+  // show flash cards
+  int i = 0;
+  while (!g_done) {
+    show(cards[i / 2].qa[i % 2], i / 2, count);
+
+    // press any key
+    char b[8] = {0};
+    read(0, b, sizeof(b));
+
+    // q quits
+    if (b[0] == 'q')
+      break;
+
+    // b or ctrl-b goes backward
+    if (b[0] == 'b' ||  //
+        b[0] == ('B' ^ 0100)) {
+      if (--i < 0)
+        i = count * 2 - 1;
+      i &= -2;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // p or ctrl-p goes backward
+    if (b[0] == 'p' ||  //
+        b[0] == ('P' ^ 0100)) {
+      if (--i < 0)
+        i = count * 2 - 1;
+      i &= -2;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // up arrow goes backward
+    if (b[0] == 033 &&  //
+        b[1] == '[' &&  //
+        b[2] == 'A') {
+      if (--i < 0)
+        i = count * 2 - 1;
+      i &= -2;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // left arrow goes backward
+    if (b[0] == 033 &&  //
+        b[1] == '[' &&  //
+        b[2] == 'D') {
+      if (--i < 0)
+        i = count * 2 - 1;
+      i &= -2;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // only advance
+    if (++i == count * 2)
+      i = 0;
+  }
+
+  // free memory
+  for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+    for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j)
+      free(cards[i].qa[j]);
+  free(cards);
+
+  // cleanup terminal and show cursor
+  tcsetattr(1, TCSANOW, &ot);
+  printf("\033[?25h");
+  printf("\n");
+}

examples/script.c

@@ -29,39 +29,30 @@
 │ OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF       │
 │ SUCH DAMAGE.                                                                 │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/iovec.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/termios.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/winsize.h"
-#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
-#include "libc/calls/weirdtypes.h"
-#include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/bswap.h"
-#include "libc/log/bsd.h"
-#include "libc/macros.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/paths.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/sock/select.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
-#include "libc/time.h"
-#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.internal.h"
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <paths.h>
+#include <pty.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 // clang-format off
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview Terminal Screencast Recorder / Player, e.g.
  *
  *     make o//examples/script.com
- *     o//examples/script.com -r
+ *     o//examples/script.com -w80 -h24 -r recording.tty
  *     # type stuff..
  *     # CTRL-D
- *     o//examples/script.com -p typescript
+ *     o//examples/script.com -p recording.tty
  *
  * @note works on Linux, OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD, MacOS
  * @see https://asciinema.org/
@@ -112,9 +103,9 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	fd_set rfd;
 	int fm_fd;
 	int aflg, Fflg, kflg, pflg, ch, k, n;
-	int flushtime, readstdin;
+	int flushtime, readstdin, width, height;
 
-	aflg = Fflg = kflg = pflg = 0;
+	aflg = Fflg = kflg = pflg = height = width = 0;
 	usesleep = 1;
 	rawout = 0;
 	flushtime = 30;
@@ -124,7 +115,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 	(void)fm_fd;
 
-	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "adeFfkpqrt:")) != -1)
+	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "adeFfkpqrt:w:h:")) != -1)
 		switch(ch) {
 		case 'a':
 			aflg = 1;
@@ -154,6 +145,12 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 			if (flushtime < 0)
 				err(1, "invalid flush time %d", flushtime);
 			break;
+		case 'w':
+			width = atoi(optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'h':
+			height = atoi(optarg);
+			break;
 		case '?':
 		default:
 			usage();
@@ -181,6 +178,10 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 		if (openpty(&master, &slave, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1)
 			err(1, "openpty");
 	} else {
+		if (width)
+			win.ws_col = width;
+		if (height)
+			win.ws_row = height;
 		if (openpty(&master, &slave, NULL, &tt, &win) == -1)
 			err(1, "openpty");
 		ttyflg = 1;

examples/seq.c

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
+#include <cosmo.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview Prints sequence of numbers.

examples/setcontext.c

@@ -7,12 +7,9 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/ucontext.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <ucontext.h>
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview swapcontext() and makecontext() example
@@ -33,18 +30,16 @@ static ucontext_t uctx_func2;
 static void func1(void) {
   say("func1: started\n");
   say("func1: swapcontext(&uctx_func1, &uctx_func2)\n");
-  if (swapcontext(&uctx_func1, &uctx_func2) == -1) {
+  if (swapcontext(&uctx_func1, &uctx_func2) == -1)
     handle_error("swapcontext");
-  }
   say("func1: returning\n");
 }
 
 static void func2(void) {
   say("func2: started\n");
   say("func2: swapcontext(&uctx_func2, &uctx_func1)\n");
-  if (swapcontext(&uctx_func2, &uctx_func1) == -1) {
+  if (swapcontext(&uctx_func2, &uctx_func1) == -1)
     handle_error("swapcontext");
-  }
   say("func2: returning\n");
 }
 
@@ -52,17 +47,15 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   char func1_stack[8192];
   char func2_stack[8192];
 
-  if (getcontext(&uctx_func1) == -1) {
+  if (getcontext(&uctx_func1) == -1)
     handle_error("getcontext");
-  }
   uctx_func1.uc_stack.ss_sp = func1_stack;
   uctx_func1.uc_stack.ss_size = sizeof(func1_stack);
   uctx_func1.uc_link = &uctx_main;
   makecontext(&uctx_func1, func1, 0);
 
-  if (getcontext(&uctx_func2) == -1) {
+  if (getcontext(&uctx_func2) == -1)
     handle_error("getcontext");
-  }
   uctx_func2.uc_stack.ss_sp = func2_stack;
   uctx_func2.uc_stack.ss_size = sizeof(func2_stack);
   /* Successor context is f1(), unless argc > 1 */
@@ -70,9 +63,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   makecontext(&uctx_func2, func2, 0);
 
   say("main: swapcontext(&uctx_main, &uctx_func2)\n");
-  if (swapcontext(&uctx_main, &uctx_func2) == -1) {
+  if (swapcontext(&uctx_main, &uctx_func2) == -1)
     handle_error("swapcontext");
-  }
 
   say("main: exiting\n");
   exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

examples/setitimer.c

@@ -7,17 +7,15 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/assert.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/itimerval.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/siginfo.h"
-#include "libc/calls/ucontext.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/itimer.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sa.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
-#include "libc/time.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview interval timer tutorial
+ */
 
 volatile bool gotalrm;
 

examples/spawn.c

@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+
+// posix_spawn() example
+//
+// This program demonstrates the use of posix_spawn() to run the command
+// `ls --dired` and capture its output. It teaches several key features:
+//
+// - Changing the working directory for the child process
+// - Redirecting stdout and stderr to pipes
+// - Handling the output from the child process
+//
+// The primary advantage of using posix_spawn() instead of the
+// traditional fork()/execve() combination for launching processes is
+// safety, efficiency, and cross-platform compatibility.
+//
+// 1. On Linux, FreeBSD, and NetBSD:
+//
+//    Cosmopolitan Libc's posix_spawn() uses vfork() under the hood on
+//    these platforms automatically, since it's faster than fork(). It's
+//    because vfork() creates a child process without needing to copy
+//    the parent's page tables, making it more efficient, especially for
+//    large processes. Furthermore, vfork() avoids the need to acquire
+//    every single mutex (see pthread_atfork() for more details) which
+//    makes it scalable in multi-threaded apps, since the other threads
+//    in your app can keep going while the spawning thread waits for the
+//    subprocess to call execve(). Normally vfork() is error-prone since
+//    there exists few functions that are @vforksafe. the posix_spawn()
+//    API is designed to offer maximum assurance that you can't shoot
+//    yourself in the foot. If you do, then file a bug with Cosmo.
+//
+// 2. On Windows:
+//
+//    posix_spawn() avoids fork() entirely. Windows doesn't natively
+//    support fork(), and emulating it can be slow and memory-intensive.
+//    By using posix_spawn(), we get a much faster process creation on
+//    Windows systems, because it only needs to call CreateProcess().
+//    Your file actions are replayed beforehand in a simulated way. Only
+//    Cosmopolitan Libc offers this level of quality. With Cygwin you'd
+//    have to use its proprietary APIs to achieve the same performance.
+//
+// 3. Simplified error handling:
+//
+//    posix_spawn() combines process creation and program execution in a
+//    single call, reducing the points of failure and simplifying error
+//    handling. One important thing that happens with Cosmopolitan's
+//    posix_spawn() implementation is that the error code of execve()
+//    inside your subprocess, should it fail, will be propagated to your
+//    parent process. This will happen efficiently via vfork() shared
+//    memory in the event your Linux environment supports this. If it
+//    doesn't, then Cosmopolitan will fall back to a throwaway pipe().
+//    The pipe is needed on platforms like XNU and OpenBSD which do not
+//    support vfork(). It's also needed under QEMU User.
+//
+// 4. Signal safety:
+//
+//    posix_spawn() guarantees your signal handler callback functions
+//    won't be executed in the child process. By default, it'll remove
+//    sigaction() callbacks atomically. This ensures that if something
+//    like a SIGTERM or SIGHUP is sent to the child process before it's
+//    had a chance to call execve(), then the child process will simply
+//    be terminated (like the spawned process would) instead of running
+//    whatever signal handlers the spawning process has installed. If
+//    you've set some signals to SIG_IGN, then that'll be preserved for
+//    the child process by posix_spawn(), unless you explicitly call
+//    posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault() to reset them.
+//
+// 5. Portability:
+//
+//    posix_spawn() is part of the POSIX standard, making it more
+//    portable across different UNIX-like systems and Windows (with
+//    appropriate libraries). Even the non-POSIX APIs we use here are
+//    portable; e.g. posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir_np() is supported
+//    by glibc, musl, freebsd, and apple too.
+//
+// These benefits make posix_spawn() a preferred choice for efficient
+// and portable process creation in many scenarios, especially when
+// launching many processes or on systems where process creation
+// performance is critical.
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <spawn.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/select.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define max(X, Y) ((Y) < (X) ? (X) : (Y))
+
+#define USE_SELECT 0  // want poll() or select()? they both work great
+
+#define PIPE_READ  0
+#define PIPE_WRITE 1
+
+int main() {
+  errno_t err;
+
+  // Create spawn attributes object.
+  posix_spawnattr_t attr;
+  err = posix_spawnattr_init(&attr);
+  if (err != 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawnattr_init failed: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  // Explicitly request vfork() from posix_spawn() implementation.
+  //
+  // This is currently the default for Cosmopolitan Libc, however you
+  // may want to set this anyway, for portability with other platforms.
+  // Please note that vfork() isn't officially specified by POSIX, so
+  // portable code may want to omit this and just use the default.
+  err = posix_spawnattr_setflags(&attr, POSIX_SPAWN_USEVFORK);
+  if (err != 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawnattr_setflags: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(2);
+  }
+
+  // Create file actions object.
+  posix_spawn_file_actions_t actions;
+  err = posix_spawn_file_actions_init(&actions);
+  if (err != 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawn_file_actions_init: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(3);
+  }
+
+  // Change directory to root directory in child process.
+  err = posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir_np(&actions, "/");
+  if (err != 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir_np: %s\n",
+            strerror(err));
+    exit(4);
+  }
+
+  // Disable stdin in child process.
+  //
+  // By default, if you launch this example in your terminal, then child
+  // processes can read from your teletypewriter's keyboard too. You can
+  // avoid this by assigning /dev/null to standard input so if the child
+  // tries to read input, read() will return zero, indicating eof.
+  if ((err = posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen(&actions, STDIN_FILENO,
+                                              "/dev/null", O_RDONLY, 0644))) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(5);
+  }
+
+  // Create pipes for stdout and stderr.
+  //
+  // Using O_DIRECT puts the pipe in message mode. This way we have some
+  // visibility into how the child process is using write(). It can also
+  // help ensure that logged lines won't be chopped up here, which could
+  // happen more frequently on platforms like Windows, which is somewhat
+  // less sophisticated than Linux with how it performs buffering.
+  //
+  // You can also specify O_CLOEXEC, which is a nice touch that lets you
+  // avoid needing to call posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose() later on.
+  // That's because all file descriptors are inherited by child programs
+  // by default. This is even the case with Cosmopolitan Libc on Windows
+  //
+  // XXX: We assume that stdin/stdout/stderr exist in this process. It's
+  //      possible for a rogue parent process to launch this example, in
+  //      a way where the following spawn logic will break.
+  int pipe_stdout[2];
+  int pipe_stderr[2];
+  if (pipe2(pipe_stdout, O_DIRECT) == -1 ||
+      pipe2(pipe_stderr, O_DIRECT) == -1) {
+    perror("pipe");
+    exit(6);
+  }
+
+  // Redirect child's stdout/stderr to pipes
+  if ((err = posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2(&actions, pipe_stdout[PIPE_WRITE],
+                                              STDOUT_FILENO)) ||
+      (err = posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2(&actions, pipe_stderr[PIPE_WRITE],
+                                              STDERR_FILENO))) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(7);
+  }
+
+  // Close unwanted write ends of pipes in the child process
+  if ((err = posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose(&actions,
+                                               pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ])) ||
+      (err = posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose(&actions,
+                                               pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ]))) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(8);
+  };
+
+  // Asynchronously launch the child process.
+  pid_t pid;
+  char *const argv[] = {"ls", "--dired", NULL};
+  printf("** Launching `ls --dired` in root directory\n");
+  err = posix_spawnp(&pid, argv[0], &actions, NULL, argv, NULL);
+  if (err) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "posix_spawn: %s\n", strerror(err));
+    exit(9);
+  }
+
+  // Close unused write ends of pipes in the parent process
+  close(pipe_stdout[PIPE_WRITE]);
+  close(pipe_stderr[PIPE_WRITE]);
+
+  // we need poll() or select() because we're multiplexing output
+  // both poll() and select() work across all supported platforms
+#if USE_SELECT
+  // Relay output from child process using select()
+  char buffer[512];
+  ssize_t got_stdout = 1;
+  ssize_t got_stderr = 1;
+  while (got_stdout > 0 || got_stderr > 0) {
+    fd_set rfds;
+    FD_ZERO(&rfds);
+    if (got_stdout > 0)
+      FD_SET(pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ], &rfds);
+    if (got_stderr > 0)
+      FD_SET(pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ], &rfds);
+    int nfds = max(pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ], pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ]) + 1;
+    if (select(nfds, &rfds, 0, 0, 0) == -1) {
+      perror("select");
+      exit(10);
+    }
+    if (FD_ISSET(pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ], &rfds)) {
+      got_stdout = read(pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ], buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+      printf("\n");
+      if (got_stdout > 0) {
+        printf("** Got stdout from child process:\n");
+        fflush(stdout);
+        write(STDOUT_FILENO, buffer, got_stdout);
+      } else if (!got_stdout) {
+        printf("** Got stdout EOF from child process\n");
+      } else {
+        printf("** Got stdout read() error from child process: %s\n",
+               strerror(errno));
+      }
+    }
+    if (FD_ISSET(pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ], &rfds)) {
+      got_stderr = read(pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ], buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+      printf("\n");
+      if (got_stderr > 0) {
+        printf("** Got stderr from child process:\n");
+        fflush(stdout);
+        write(STDOUT_FILENO, buffer, got_stderr);
+      } else if (!got_stderr) {
+        printf("** Got stderr EOF from child process\n");
+      } else {
+        printf("** Got stderr read() error from child process: %s\n",
+               strerror(errno));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+#else
+  // Relay output from child process using poll()
+  char buffer[512];
+  ssize_t got_stdout = 1;
+  ssize_t got_stderr = 1;
+  while (got_stdout > 0 || got_stderr > 0) {
+    struct pollfd fds[2];
+    fds[0].fd = got_stdout > 0 ? pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ] : -1;
+    fds[0].events = POLLIN;  // POLLHUP, POLLNVAL, and POLLERR are implied
+    fds[1].fd = got_stderr > 0 ? pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ] : -1;
+    fds[1].events = POLLIN;  // POLLHUP, POLLNVAL, and POLLERR are implied
+    if (poll(fds, 2, -1) == -1) {
+      perror("select");
+      exit(10);
+    }
+    if (fds[0].revents) {
+      printf("\n");
+      if (fds[0].revents & POLLIN)
+        printf("** Got POLLIN on stdout from child process\n");
+      if (fds[0].revents & POLLHUP)
+        printf("** Got POLLHUP on stdout from child process\n");
+      if (fds[0].revents & POLLERR)
+        printf("** Got POLLERR on stdout from child process\n");
+      if (fds[0].revents & POLLNVAL)
+        printf("** Got POLLNVAL on stdout from child process\n");
+      got_stdout = read(pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ], buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+      if (got_stdout > 0) {
+        printf("** Got stdout from child process:\n");
+        fflush(stdout);
+        write(STDOUT_FILENO, buffer, got_stdout);
+      } else if (!got_stdout) {
+        printf("** Got stdout EOF from child process\n");
+      } else {
+        printf("** Got stdout read() error from child process: %s\n",
+               strerror(errno));
+      }
+    }
+    if (fds[1].revents) {
+      printf("\n");
+      if (fds[1].revents & POLLIN)
+        printf("** Got POLLIN on stderr from child process\n");
+      if (fds[1].revents & POLLHUP)
+        printf("** Got POLLHUP on stderr from child process\n");
+      if (fds[1].revents & POLLERR)
+        printf("** Got POLLERR on stderr from child process\n");
+      if (fds[1].revents & POLLNVAL)
+        printf("** Got POLLNVAL on stderr from child process\n");
+      got_stderr = read(pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ], buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+      if (got_stderr > 0) {
+        printf("** Got stderr from child process:\n");
+        fflush(stdout);
+        write(STDOUT_FILENO, buffer, got_stderr);
+      } else if (!got_stderr) {
+        printf("** Got stderr EOF from child process\n");
+      } else {
+        printf("** Got stderr read() error from child process: %s\n",
+               strerror(errno));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
+  // Wait for child process to die.
+  int wait_status;
+  if (waitpid(pid, &wait_status, 0) == -1) {
+    perror("waitpid");
+    exit(11);
+  }
+
+  // Clean up resources.
+  posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy(&actions);
+  posix_spawnattr_destroy(&attr);
+  close(pipe_stdout[PIPE_READ]);
+  close(pipe_stderr[PIPE_READ]);
+
+  // Report wait status.
+  //
+  // When a process dies, it's almost always due to calling _Exit() or
+  // being killed due to an unhandled signal. On both UNIX and Windows
+  // this information will be propagated to the parent. That status is
+  // able to be propagated to the parent of this process too.
+  printf("\n");
+  if (WIFEXITED(wait_status)) {
+    printf("** Child process exited with exit code %d\n",
+           WEXITSTATUS(wait_status));
+    exit(WEXITSTATUS(wait_status));
+  } else if (WIFSIGNALED(wait_status)) {
+    printf("** Child process terminated with signal %s\n",
+           strsignal(WTERMSIG(wait_status)));
+    fflush(stdout);
+    sigset_t sm;
+    sigemptyset(&sm);
+    sigaddset(&sm, WTERMSIG(wait_status));
+    sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &sm, 0);
+    signal(SIGABRT, SIG_DFL);
+    raise(WTERMSIG(wait_status));
+    exit(128 + WTERMSIG(wait_status));
+  } else {
+    printf("** Child process exited weirdly with wait status 0x%08x\n",
+           wait_status);
+    exit(12);
+  }
+}

examples/spawn_bench.c

@@ -7,24 +7,20 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/atomic.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
-#include "libc/calls/weirdtypes.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/proc/posix_spawn.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/map.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/prot.h"
+#include <spawn.h>
+#include <stdalign.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <time.h>
 
 #define ITERATIONS 10
 
-_Alignas(128) int a;
-_Alignas(128) int b;
-_Alignas(128) atomic_int lock;
+alignas(128) int a;
+alignas(128) int b;
+alignas(128) atomic_int lock;
 
 static struct timespec SubtractTime(struct timespec a, struct timespec b) {
   a.tv_sec -= b.tv_sec;
@@ -117,6 +113,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   void *p;
   const char *prog;
 
+  // if you need the tiny64 program for windows:
+  //
+  //     make -j o//tool/hello/life-pe.ape
+  //     scp o//tool/hello/life-pe.ape windows:tiny64
+  //
   if (argc <= 1) {
     prog = "tiny64";
   } else {

examples/stackexplorer.c

@@ -7,9 +7,13 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/maps.h"
 #include "libc/mem/alg.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/stack.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/winargs.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"
 
@@ -67,8 +71,18 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     Append((uintptr_t)&__auxv[i + 1],
            xasprintf("&auxv[%d] = %#lx", i + 1, __auxv[i + 1]));
   }
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    struct AddrSize stak = __get_main_stack();
+    Append((intptr_t)stak.addr + stak.size, "top of stack");
+    Append((intptr_t)stak.addr, "bottom of stack");
+  } else {
+#ifdef __x86_64__
+    Append(GetStaticStackAddr(0) + GetStaticStackSize(), "top of stack");
+    Append(GetStaticStackAddr(0) + GetGuardSize(), "bottom of stack");
+    Append(GetStaticStackAddr(0), "bottom of guard region");
+#endif
+  }
   qsort(things.p, things.n, sizeof(*things.p), Compare);
-  for (int i = 0; i < things.n; ++i) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < things.n; ++i)
     printf("%012lx %s\n", things.p[i].i, things.p[i].s);
 }
-}

examples/stat.c

@@ -7,19 +7,12 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
-#include "libc/assert.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
-#include "libc/time.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <cosmo.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <time.h>
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview File metadata viewer.
@@ -72,9 +65,15 @@ void PrintFileMetadata(const char *pathname, struct stat *st) {
   printf("\n%s:", pathname);
   if (numeric) {
     fd = atoi(pathname);
-    CHECK_NE(-1, fstat(fd, st), "fd=%d", fd);
+    if (fstat(fd, st)) {
+      perror(pathname);
+      exit(1);
+    }
   } else {
-    CHECK_NE(-1, stat(pathname, st), "pathname=%s", pathname);
+    if (stat(pathname, st)) {
+      perror(pathname);
+      exit(1);
+    }
   }
   printf("\n"
          "%-32s%,ld\n"