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<p>Tibetan &amp; Himalayan Library - Index</p>
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<a href="http://staging.mms.thdl.org/media/" class="parent-link" style="margin-left:0px">Media:</a>(<a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/media/audio-video/" class="sub-link">Audio-Video</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/media/images/" class="sub-link">Images</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/media/immersive/" class="sub-link-last">Immersive</a>)<a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/" class="parent-link">Texts:</a>(<a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/jiats/" class="sub-link">JIATS</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/journals/" class="sub-link">Journals</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/reprints/" class="sub-link">Reprints</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/collections/texts/tibetan-texts/" class="sub-link-last">Tibetan Texts</a>)</p></td>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/tibetan-grammar/" class="first-link">Tibetan Grammar</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/dictionaries/" class="parent-link">Dictionaries:</a>(<a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/dictionaries/himalayan-languages/" class="sub-link">Himalayan Languages</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/dictionaries/tibetan-dictionary/" class="sub-link">Tibetan</a><a href="http://www.thlib.org/reference/tibetan-translation/" class="sub-link-last">Tibetan Translation Tool</a>)</p></td>
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title="Technical Documentation for the Audio-Video Database">Audio-Video</a></li>
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title="Technical Documentation for Doing Fieldwork in the Himalayan Region">Fieldwork</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/fonts%20%26%20related%20issues.html"
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title="Images and Immersive Technologies">Images &amp; Immersive Tech</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/instructional%20resources.html"
title="Resources for Instructors of Language and Culture">Instructional Resources</a></li>
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title="Documentation concerning Intellectual Property Rites, Licenses, and Credit">Licenses &amp; Credit</a></li>
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title="Documentation on Various Technical Issues">Miscellaneous Technical</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/offline%20thl.html"
title="How to Create an Off-Line Version of THL">Offline THL</a></li>
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title="Documentation for Creating Geographical Resources">Places &amp; Geography</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/preparing%20your%20computer%20for%20thdl%20use.html"
title="How to Prepare Your Computer to View and Use THL">Preparing Your Computer</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/presentations%20%26%20training.html"
title="Documentation on Creating Presentations and Training Staff">Presentations &amp; Training</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/reference.html"
title="Technical Documentation on Reference Resources">Reference</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/scanning%20%26%20ocr.html"
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/26a34146-33a6-48ce-001e-f16ce7908a6a/home.html"
title="Documentation on the Use of Tibetan Scripts in the Digital Context">Tibetan Scripts &amp; Fonts</a></li>
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<a href="http://www.thlib.org/tools/?#wiki=/access/wiki/site/c06fa8cf-c49c-4ebc-007f-482de5382105/tibetan%20texts.html"
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<h1>Converting from Tibetan Machine or Tibetan Machine Web</h1>
<p>
Among the <a href="TMW_RTF_TO_THDL_WYLIE.html">converters in
Jskad</a> are some converters that take input that is encoded to use
either the <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/tm.html">Tibetan
Machine</a> (TM) or <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/tmw.html">Tibetan
Machine Web</a> (TMW) fonts.&nbsp; These converters are described
here.
</p>
<p>
First, to learn how to invoke the converters, see <a
href="TMW_RTF_TO_THDL_WYLIE.html#invok">these instructions</a>.
</p>
<p>
The converters embody the same technology as <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/jskad.html">Jskad</a>
itself, but often work even when Jskad fails due to Java's presently
poor support for viewing Rich Text Format (RTF) documents.&nbsp;
These converters can convert a TMW-encoded RTF file to any of these
output formats:
</p>
<ul>
<li>an RTF file using <a href="http://www.unicode.org/">Unicode</a>,
a standard encoding that will be widely supported in the future</li>
<li>an RTF file using the appropriate THDL Extended Wylie (<a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/collections/langling/ewts/">EWTS</a>)
instead of TMW</li>
<li>a text file using the appropriate THDL Extended Wylie (<a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/collections/langling/ewts/">EWTS</a>)
instead of TMW</li>
<li>an RTF file using the appropriate <a
href="http://asianclassics.org">Asian Classics Input Project</a>
(ACIP) <a
href="http://asianclassics.org/download/tibetancode/ticode.pdf">Tibetan
Input Code</a> instead of TMW</li>
<li>a text file using the appropriate <a
href="http://asianclassics.org">Asian Classics Input Project</a>
(ACIP) <a
href="http://asianclassics.org/download/tibetancode/ticode.pdf">Tibetan
Input Code</a> instead of TMW</li>
<li>an RTF file using the Tibetan Machine encoding (used in legacy
systems).</li>
</ul>
<p>
In addition, this converter can convert a Tibetan Machine RTF file to
a Tibetan Machine Web RTF file.
</p>
<a name="vv"></a>
<p>
All the converters take precautions to ensure that only a 100%
perfect conversion is done.&nbsp; One such precaution is that two
independent teams (Garrett and Garson, Chandler) turned the Tibetan
Machine Web <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/tmw.html#doc">
documentation</a> into TM&lt;-&gt;TMW tables (reified in <a
href="tibwn_ini_file_format.html">tibwn.ini</a>).&nbsp; These tables
were compared, giving full confidence that the tables are as
accurate as the documentation (which has a few flaws itself,
documented in the <a href="Tibetan51Errata.html">errata</a> we have
created).&nbsp; That documentation has been verified against the
actual fonts.&nbsp; David Chapman's assistance in this area has been
invaluable.
</p>
<p>
Another precaution is that any unknown characters (in the font being
converted from) cause the conversion to <a href="#failure">fail</a>,
and the result is either a document containing merely the unknown
characters or a document with conspicuous error messages
interspersed.
</p>
<p>
These converters are smart enough to solve the &quot;curly-brace
problem&quot;, wherein '{', '}', and '\' characters in the Tahoma
font appear instead of the TMW stacks they are supposed to
represent.&nbsp; This problem originates with certain versions of
Microsoft Word's Rich Text Format writing capabilities.&nbsp; These
converters are also smart enough to work around Java's <a
href="http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/bugParade/bugs/4907759.html">Bug
4907759</a>.
</p>
<p>
Furthermore, these converters give a polite error message when a
given RTF file simply cannot be read by the version of Java used.
</p>
<h2>Invoking the Converters</h2>
<p>
See <a href="TMW_RTF_TO_THDL_WYLIE.html#invok">here</a> for details
on how to invoke the converters.
</p>
<!-- DLC TEST TMW->UNICODE F021... does that appear? -->
<a name="failure"></a><h2>Failed Conversions</h2>
<p>
In this section, you'll learn how to tell if a conversion has
succeeded in full, ran into minor problems, or failed altogether.
</p>
<h3>TMW to ACIP</h3>
<p>
When a TMW-&gt;ACIP conversion fails, a message such as
<tt>[#&nbsp;JSKAD_TMW_TO_ACIP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_ACIP: Cannot convert
&lt;glyph font=TibetanMachineWeb8 charNum=39 character='/&gt; to
ACIP.&nbsp; Please transcribe this yourself.]</tt> will appear in your
output, but it will be amidst the successfully converted text.
</p>
<p>
You will see such messages for non-<a
href="ACIP_To_Tibetan_Converter.html#native">native</a> glyphs that
have full-formed, subjoined RA or YA (U+0FBC or U+0FBB) or
full-formed superscribed RA (U+0F6A).&nbsp; This is because the ACIP
scheme does not say when R or Y indicates this unusual form.
</p>
<h3>TMW to Wylie (i.e., EWTS)</h3>
<p>
A TMW to EWTS conversion rarely fails; EWTS is almost entirely
comprehensive (and may have been revised to be comprehensive by the
time you read this.
</p>
<p>
That said, you may want to search the output for EWTS constructs
that you don't like, such as <tt>\u0F39</tt>- and
<tt>\uF021</tt>-style escape sequences.
</p>
<p>
If a TMW glyph has no transliteration according to <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/collections/langling/ewts/">EWTS</a>,
then an error message like
<tt>&lt;&lt;[[JSKAD_TMW_TO_WYLIE_ERROR_NO_SUCH_WYLIE: Cannot convert
&lt;glyph font=TibetanMachineWeb7 charNum=95 character=_/&gt; to
THDL Extended Wylie. Please see the documentation for the TM or TMW
font and transcribe this yourself.]]&gt;&gt;</tt> appears in the
output.
</p>
<p>
Upon finding such a message in your output, you should consult the
<a href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/tmw.html#doc">
documentation</a> for the specific TMW font named.&nbsp; Find the
glyph and decide how to proceed.&nbsp; If you find a glyph that you
believe should have been converted into Extended Wylie by the tool,
please report this as a bug through the SourceForge website or via
e-mail.
</p>
<h3>TMW to Unicode, TM to TMW, and TMW to TM Conversions</h3>
<p>
The TMW-&gt;Unicode, TM-&gt;TMW, and TMW-&gt;TM conversions are
all-or-nothing.&nbsp; That is, if you run into any trouble
whatsoever, the result will be a file containing just the
problematic glyphs, each preceded by a-chen (i.e., U+0F68, the
letter whose THDL Extended Wylie representation is 'a').&nbsp; These
glyphs will be bracketed on the left by U+0F3C (for which the THDL
Extended Wylie is '(') and on the right by U+0F3D (for which the
THDL Extended Wylie is ')').&nbsp; If your result is as long as your
input, then the conversion went flawlessly.
</p>
<p>
There is one TMW glyph (TibetanMachineWeb7, glyph 91 [\tmw7091])
that has no Tibetan Machine equivalent.&nbsp; This glyph is the only
TMW glyph that can cause a TMW-&gt;TM conversion to fail.&nbsp; It
is fairly common, though, especially if you've used Jskad to prepare
your document.&nbsp; It might be appropriate to change the document
to use TibetanMachineWeb7, glyph 90 (decimal ordinal 90, that is), a
similar glyph that does have a TM equivalent.
</p>
<p>
You might consider using the GUI converter interface in Jskad to
convert documents that give impenetrable errors when converted by
the command-line tool, as the GUI has better error reporting and can
tell you just what's wrong.
</p>
<h2>Finding Potential Problems Before Conversion</h2>
<p>
The converters that take TM and TMW input deal with problematic
input in a clean way, but you might prefer the mechanism described
here.
</p>
<p>
There is a <tt>--find-some-non-tmw</tt> mode of operation that gives
you, the user, confidence that RTF reading and writing
idiosyncrasies are not going to interfere with a flawless
conversion.&nbsp; It does so by printing out the first occurrence of
a given character in a non-TMW font.&nbsp; Here is some example
output:
</p>
<pre>
java -cp "c:\my thdl tools\Jskad.jar" \
org.thdl.tib.input.TibetanConverter \
--find-some-non-tmw \
"Dalai Lama Fifth History 01.rtf"
Non-TMW character newline [decimal 10] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 39
Non-TMW character ' ' [decimal 32] in the font TimesNewRoman appears first at location 45
Non-TMW character '}' [decimal 125] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 66
Non-TMW character '{' [decimal 123] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 219
Non-TMW character '\' [decimal 92] in the font Tahoma appears first at location 1237
Non-TMW character newline [decimal 10] in the font Times New Roman appears first at location 9754
</pre>
<p>
Given the above output, you can be sure that a flawless conversion
(barring the appearance of <a href="#knownbugs">known bugs</a>) will
result when you run <tt>java -cp "c:\my thdl tools\Jskad.jar"
org.thdl.tib.input.TibetanConverter --to-wylie "Dalai Lama Fifth
History 01.rtf" &gt; "Dalai Lama Fifth History 01 in THDL Extended
Wylie.rtf"</tt>.&nbsp; (Note that the '&gt;' causes the output to be
directed to the file named thereafter; this is quite handy.)&nbsp;
This is because the only text in the input file besides Tibetan is
whitespace and the Tahoma characters <tt>'{'</tt>, <tt>'}'</tt>, and
<tt>'\'</tt>. These Tahoma characters are understood by the tool;
they are symptoms of the &quot;curly-brace problem&quot;.
</p>
<p>
There is a similar <tt>--find-some-non-tm</tt> mode of operation,
useful for ensuring a trouble-free TM-&gt;TMW conversion.
</p>
<a name="knownbugs"></a><h2>Known Bugs</h2>
<p>
All known bugs are listed in this section.&nbsp; They're more likely
to be fixed if users complain, so complain away.&nbsp; And if you
ever encounter problems in a conversion that are not listed here,
please send us mail with the error report (and the problem input
document's resulting document) so that we can improve our
tools.&nbsp; The bugs are as follows:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
TMW-&gt;ACIP does not produce {KA (KHA)} to indicate differing
font sizes.
</li>
<li>
TMW to Unicode fails subtly when the TMW for {\u0F28\u0F3E} is
converted: {\u0F3E\u0F28} appears instead.&nbsp; [<a
href="http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=855480&group_id=61934&atid=502515">855480</a>]
</li>
<li>
TMW-&gt;ACIP will sometimes produce spaces (i.e., the '&nbsp;'
character, U+0020) that are supposed to indicate tshegs (i.e., the
character U+0F0B) but will instead be interpreted as Tibetan
whitespace.&nbsp; [<a
href="http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=932897&group_id=61934&atid=502515">932897</a>]
</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h2>License</h2>
<p>Both the converters and this document are released under the <a
href="http://orion.lib.virginia.edu/thdl/tools/thdl_license.txt">THDL
Open Community License Version 1.0</a>.</p>
<p>
Please
<a href="mailto:thdltools-devel@lists.sourceforge.net">
e-mail us</a>
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